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id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-O_testamento_de_Alfred_Nobel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_testamento_de_Alfred_Nobel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>O testamento de Alfred Nobel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O_testamento_de_Alfred_Nobel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_primeira_entrega_dos_premios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_primeira_entrega_dos_premios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>A primeira entrega dos premios</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_primeira_entrega_dos_premios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Os_Premios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Os_Premios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Os Premios</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Os_Premios-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Os Premios"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Os_Premios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Medalla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medalla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Medalla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medalla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diploma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diploma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Diploma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diploma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contía_económica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contía_económica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Contía económica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contía_económica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Desenvolvemento_da_entrega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desenvolvemento_da_entrega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Desenvolvemento da entrega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desenvolvemento_da_entrega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rexeitamentos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rexeitamentos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rexeitamentos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rexeitamentos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bibliografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Premios Nobel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 191 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-191" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">191 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelprys" title="Nobelprys – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nobelprys" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nobelpreis" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%96%E1%89%A4%E1%88%8D_%E1%88%BD%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9B%E1%89%B5" title="ኖቤል ሽልማት – amhárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኖቤል ሽልማት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mkpukpe_N%E1%BB%8Dbel%C3%B9" title="Mkpukpe Nọbelù – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Mkpukpe Nọbelù" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="جائزة نوبل – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جائزة نوبل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="جايزة نوبل – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جايزة نوبل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="جايزة نوبل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جايزة نوبل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%27%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="ন'বেল বঁটা – assamés" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ন'বেল বঁটা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premios_Nobel" title="Premios Nobel – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Premios Nobel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Nobel%22_m%C3%BCkafat%C4%B1" title=""Nobel" mükafatı – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title=""Nobel" mükafatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نوبل جایزه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نوبل جایزه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Нобель премияһы – baxkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нобель премияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paica_Nob%C3%A9l" title="Paica Nobél – balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Paica Nobél" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Nobelpreis" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuobel%C4%97_prem%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Nuobelė premėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Nuobelė premėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premyo_Nobel" title="Premyo Nobel – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Premyo Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нобелеўская прэмія – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нобелеўская прэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нобэлеўская прэмія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нобэлеўская прэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peris_Nob%C3%A8l" title="Peris Nobèl – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Peris Nobèl" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нобелова награда" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="নোবেল পুরস্কার – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নোবেল পুরস্কার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="নোবেল পুরস্কার – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="নোবেল পুরস্কার" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priz_Nobel" title="Priz Nobel – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Priz Nobel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada" title="Nobelova nagrada – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nobelova nagrada" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangargaan_Nobel" title="Pangargaan Nobel – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Pangargaan Nobel" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Нобелиин шагнал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Нобелиин шагнал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Nobel" title="Premi Nobel – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Premi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premyo_Nobel" title="Premyo Nobel – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Premyo Nobel" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Ci%C5%8Dng" title="Nobel Ciōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nobel Ciōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Нобелин совгӀат – checheno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нобелин совгӀат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="checheno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8E%D9%84" title="خەڵاتی نۆبێل – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خەڵاتی نۆبێل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premiu_Nobel" title="Premiu Nobel – corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Premiu Nobel" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_cena" title="Nobelova cena – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nobelova cena" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B4dgroda_Nobla" title="Nôdgroda Nobla – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Nôdgroda Nobla" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нобель парни – chuvaxo" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нобель парни" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvaxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwobr_Nobel" title="Gwobr Nobel – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwobr Nobel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelprisen" title="Nobelprisen – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nobelprisen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nobelpreis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xelata_Nobeli" title="Xelata Nobeli – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Xelata Nobeli" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Βραβείο Νόμπελ – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βραβείο Νόμπελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nobel Prize" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel-premio" title="Nobel-premio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nobel-premio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobeli_auhind" title="Nobeli auhind – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nobeli auhind" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Sariak" title="Nobel Sariak – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nobel Sariak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="جایزه نوبل – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جایزه نوبل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel-palkinto" title="Nobel-palkinto – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nobel-palkinto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobeli_avvutaso" title="Nobeli avvutaso – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Nobeli avvutaso" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelvir%C3%B0isl%C3%B8nin" title="Nobelvirðislønin – feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Nobelvirðislønin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prix_Nobel" title="Prix Nobel – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prix Nobel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpris" title="Nobelpris – frisón setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nobelpris" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Nobel" title="Premi Nobel – friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Premi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpriis" title="Nobelpriis – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nobelpriis" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duais_Nobel" title="Duais Nobel – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Duais Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E" title="諾貝爾獎 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="諾貝爾獎" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pri_Nobel" title="Pri Nobel – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Pri Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duais_Nobel" title="Duais Nobel – gaélico escocés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Duais Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jop%C3%B3i_Nobel" title="Jopói Nobel – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jopói Nobel" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबॅल पुरस्कार – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="नोबॅल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%85%E0%AA%B2_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95" title="નોબૅલ પારિતોષિક – guxarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નોબૅલ પારિતોષિક" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="guxarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aundyr_Nobel" title="Aundyr Nobel – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Aundyr Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyautar_Nobel" title="Kyautar Nobel – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kyautar Nobel" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Chi%C3%B3ng" title="Nobel Chióng – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nobel Chióng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C" title="פרס נובל – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרס נובל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Nobel Prize" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada" title="Nobelova nagrada – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nobelova nagrada" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel-d%C3%ADj" title="Nobel-díj – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nobel-díj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Նոբելյան մրցանակ – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նոբելյան մրցանակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%84%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Նոպելեան Մրցանակ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նոպելեան Մրցանակ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penghargaan_Nobel" title="Penghargaan Nobel – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penghargaan Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihe_nrite_Nobel" title="Ihe nrite Nobel – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ihe nrite Nobel" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel-premio" title="Nobel-premio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nobel-premio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B3belsver%C3%B0launin" title="Nóbelsverðlaunin – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nóbelsverðlaunin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E8%B3%9E" title="ノーベル賞 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノーベル賞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Praiz" title="Nobel Praiz – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Nobel Praiz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebungah_Nobel" title="Bebungah Nobel – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bebungah Nobel" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნობელის პრემია – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნობელის პრემია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_s%C4%B1yl%C4%B1%C4%A3%C4%B1" title="Nobel sıylıģı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nobel sıylıģı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arraz_Nobel" title="Arraz Nobel – cabila" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Arraz Nobel" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prix_Nobel" title="Prix Nobel – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Prix Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%A9heo_ya_Nobero" title="Kĩheo ya Nobero – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kĩheo ya Nobero" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Нобель сыйлығы – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нобель сыйлығы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9B" title="រង្វាន់ណូបែល – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រង្វាន់ណូបែល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ನೊಬೆಲ್ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನೊಬೆಲ್ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노벨상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Нобелни премиясы – carachaio-bálcara" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Нобелни премиясы" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="carachaio-bálcara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8E%D9%84_%DB%8C%D9%8E%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85" title="نوبَل یَنام – caxemirés" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="نوبَل یَنام" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caxemirés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xelata_Nobel%C3%AA" title="Xelata Nobelê – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xelata Nobelê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pewas_Nobel" title="Pewas Nobel – córnico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pewas Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="córnico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="Нобель сыйлыгы – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нобель сыйлыгы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praemium_Nobelianum" title="Praemium Nobelianum – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Praemium Nobelianum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpr%C3%A4is" title="Nobelpräis – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nobelpräis" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Premio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpries" title="Nobelpries – limburgués" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Nobelpries" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_Nobel" title="Pest Nobel – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Pest Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Nobel" title="Premi Nobel – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Premi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelio_premija" title="Nobelio premija – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nobelio premija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobela_pr%C4%93mija" title="Nobela prēmija – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nobela prēmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loka_Nobel" title="Loka Nobel – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Loka Nobel" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiah_Nobel" title="Adiah Nobel – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Adiah Nobel" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нобелова награда" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="നോബൽ സമ്മാനം – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നോബൽ സമ്മാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Нобелийн шагнал – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нобелийн шагнал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%93" title="ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯓ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯓ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA" title="လာပ်နဝ်ဗေလ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="လာပ်နဝ်ဗေလ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="नोबेल पारितोषिक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नोबेल पारितोषिक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadiah_Nobel" title="Hadiah Nobel – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hadiah Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premju_Nobel" title="Premju Nobel – maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Premju Nobel" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9mio_Nobel" title="Prémio Nobel – mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Prémio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AF" title="နိုဘယ်ဆု – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နိုဘယ်ဆု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87" title="نوبل جایزه – mazandaraní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نوبل جایزه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premmio_Nobel" title="Premmio Nobel – napolitano" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Premmio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpries" title="Nobelpries – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Nobelpries" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="नोबेल पुरस्कार – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नोबेल पुरस्कार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE" title="नोबेल सिरपा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="नोबेल सिरपा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel" title="Nobel – nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Nobel" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelprijs" title="Nobelprijs – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nobelprijs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelprisen" title="Nobelprisen – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nobelprisen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelprisen" title="Nobelprisen – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nobelprisen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Premie" title="Nobel Premie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Nobel Premie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pris_Nobel" title="Pris Nobel – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Pris Nobel" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A8mi_Nobel" title="Prèmi Nobel – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Prèmi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel-palkindo" title="Nobel-palkindo – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Nobel-palkindo" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badhaasa_Noobeli" title="Badhaasa Noobeli – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Badhaasa Noobeli" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0" title="ନୋବେଲ ପୁରସ୍କାର – odiá" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ନୋବେଲ ପୁରସ୍କାର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odiá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Нобелы преми – ossetio" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нобелы преми" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE" title="ਨੋਬਲ ਇਨਾਮ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨੋਬਲ ਇਨਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagroda_Nobla" title="Nagroda Nobla – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nagroda Nobla" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Nobel" title="Premi Nobel – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Premi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85" title="نوبل انعام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نوبل انعام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87" title="نوبل جايزه – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نوبل جايزه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Nobel" title="Prêmio Nobel – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prêmio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Su%C3%B1ay" title="Nobel Suñay – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nobel Suñay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premiul_Nobel" title="Premiul Nobel – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Premiul Nobel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нобелевская премия – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нобелевская премия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нобелівска премія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нобелівска премія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83" title="नोबेल् प्रशस्तिः – sánscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नोबेल् प्रशस्तिः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sánscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Нобель бириэмийэтэ – iacuto" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Нобель бириэмийэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacuto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9" title="ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A8miu_Nobel" title="Prèmiu Nobel – sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Prèmiu Nobel" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premiu_Nobel" title="Premiu Nobel – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Premiu Nobel" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="نوبيل پرائيز – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نوبيل پرائيز" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada" title="Nobelova nagrada – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nobelova nagrada" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasm%C9%A3urt_n_Nubl" title="Tasmɣurt n Nubl – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasmɣurt n Nubl" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA" title="නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nobel Prize" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_cena" title="Nobelova cena – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nobelova cena" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada" title="Nobelova nagrada – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nobelova nagrada" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaalmarinta_Nobel" title="Abaalmarinta Nobel – somalí" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Abaalmarinta Nobel" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87mimi_Nobel" title="Çmimi Nobel – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çmimi Nobel" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нобелова награда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpries" title="Nobelpries – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Nobelpries" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo recomendado"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobelpriset" title="Nobelpriset – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nobelpriset" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuzo_ya_Nobel" title="Tuzo ya Nobel – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tuzo ya Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="நோபல் பரிசு – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நோபல் பரிசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ನೊಬೆಲ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ನೊಬೆಲ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF" title="నోబెల్ బహుమతి – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నోబెల్ బహుమతి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ҷоизаи Нобел – taxico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷоизаи Нобел" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5" title="รางวัลโนเบล – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รางวัลโนเบล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_ba%C3%BDragy" title="Nobel baýragy – turkmeno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Nobel baýragy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gantimpalang_Nobel" title="Gantimpalang Nobel – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gantimpalang Nobel" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Nobel Ödülü – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nobel Ödülü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_b%C3%BCl%C3%A4ge" title="Nobel büläge – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Nobel büläge" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%87%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="نوبىل مۇكاپاتى – uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نوبىل مۇكاپاتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нобелівська премія – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нобелівська премія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85" title="نوبل انعام – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نوبل انعام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_mukofoti" title="Nobel mukofoti – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nobel mukofoti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A8mio_Nobel" title="Prèmio Nobel – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Prèmio Nobel" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel%C3%A4n_premii" title="Nobelän premii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Nobelän premii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BA%A3i_Nobel" title="Giải Nobel – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giải Nobel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pris_Nobel" title="Pris Nobel – valón" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pris Nobel" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahidungog_Nobel" title="Pahidungog Nobel – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pahidungog Nobel" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔奖 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="诺贝尔奖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნობელიშ პრემია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნობელიშ პრემია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96" title="נאבעל פריז – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נאבעל פריז" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80b%C3%B9n_Nobel" title="Ẹ̀bùn Nobel – ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀bùn Nobel" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ – tamazight marroquí estándar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight marroquí estándar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔奖 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="诺贝尔奖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E" title="諾貝爾獎 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="諾貝爾獎" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Chi%C3%B3ng" title="Nobel Chióng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Nobel Chióng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E" title="諾貝爾獎 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="諾貝爾獎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7191#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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style="width:22em;width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: Lavender; color: black;">Premios Nobel</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 1px solid ; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg/250px-Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg/375px-Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg/500px-Marie_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie%27s_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry_1911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1508" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tipo</th><td class="infobox-data">premio e premio científico</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Data de fundación</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fundador(es)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nomeado en referencia a</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">País</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suecia" title="Suecia">Suecia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Noruega" title="Noruega">Noruega</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: Lavender; color: black;">Na rede</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/">https://www.nobelprize.org/</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=ev0002882" title="IMDB: ev0002882"><img alt="IMDB: ev0002882" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IMDb_Logo_Square.svg/20px-IMDb_Logo_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IMDb_Logo_Square.svg/30px-IMDb_Logo_Square.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:right;"><span style="font-size:80%;">[ <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7191" class="extiw" title="d:Q7191">editar datos en Wikidata</a> ]</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg/225px-AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg/338px-AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg/450px-AlfredNobel_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1821" data-file-height="2030" /></a><figcaption>Alfred Bernhard Nobel.</figcaption></figure> <p>Os <b>Premios Nobel</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_sueca" title="Lingua sueca">sueco</a>, <i>Nobelpriset</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_norueguesa" title="Lingua norueguesa">noruegués</a>, <i>Nobelprisen</i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup>) son uns galardóns internacional que se outorgan cada ano para recoñecer persoas ou institucións que levaran a cabo <a href="/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3n" title="Investigación">investigacións</a>, <a href="/wiki/Descubrimento" title="Descubrimento">descubrimentos</a> ou contribucións notables á <a href="/wiki/Humanidade" title="Humanidade">humanidade</a> no ano anterior ou no transcurso das súas actividades.<sup id="cite_ref-NoruegaARG_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NoruegaARG-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sorprendido ao ver a edición dun xornal que falaba da morte do seu irmán como sendo a súa, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a>, un industrial <a href="/wiki/Suecia" title="Suecia">sueco</a> inventor da <a href="/wiki/Nitroglicerina" title="Nitroglicerina">nitroglicerina</a>, instituíu en <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a> os premios que levan o seu nome como última vontade e para ser lembrado.<sup id="cite_ref-NoruegaARG_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NoruegaARG-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> Comezaron a entregarse en <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a> nas categorías de <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_F%C3%ADsica" title="Premio Nobel de Física">Física</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Premio Nobel de Química">Química</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Fisiolox%C3%ADa_ou_Medicina" title="Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina">Fisioloxía ou Medicina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Literatura" title="Premio Nobel de Literatura">Literatura</a> e <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_da_Paz" title="Premio Nobel da Paz">Paz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a> estableceuse tamén o <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Econom%C3%ADa" title="Premio Nobel de Economía">Premio de Ciencias Económicas en Memoria de Alfred Nobel</a>, patrocinado polo Banco de Suecia e xestionado pola <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_das_Ciencias_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia">Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia</a>, e que é comunmente chamado Premio Nobel de Economía.<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>. O primeiro Premio Nobel de Economía entregouse en <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ante a inexistencia dun Premio Nobel de <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1ticas" title="Matemáticas">Matemáticas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sophus_Lie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sophus Lie (a páxina aínda non existe)">Sophus Lie</a> foi o primeiro en propor a creación do <a href="/wiki/Premio_Abel" title="Premio Abel">Premio Abel</a> cando descubriu en <a href="/wiki/1897" title="1897">1897</a> que Alfred Nobel non tivera a intención de crear un premio de Matemáticas. Tras unha primeira tentativa de instauralo a comezos do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a>, non foi ata <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>, logo de que a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Norueguesa_de_Ciencias_e_Letras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Norueguesa de Ciencias e Letras (a páxina aínda non existe)">Academia Norueguesa de Ciencias e Letras</a> se fixera cargo del, que non se entregou por primeira vez. Conmemora ao matemático noruegués <a href="/wiki/Niels_Henrik_Abel" title="Niels Henrik Abel">Niels Henrik Abel</a>, a quen debe o seu nome e, aínda que non é un dos Premios Nobel, está en correspondencia con estes. As matemáticas tamén teñen desde <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a> outro galardón importante, a <a href="/wiki/Medalla_Fields" title="Medalla Fields">Medalla Fields</a>, na honra do matemático canadense <a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Fields" title="John Charles Fields">John Charles Fields</a>, outorgado cada catro anos pola <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Matem%C3%A1tica_Internacional" title="Unión Matemática Internacional">Unión Matemática Internacional</a> a matemáticos menores de 40 anos. </p><p>O <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comit%C3%A9_Internacional_de_Ciencias_Hist%C3%B3ricas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comité Internacional de Ciencias Históricas (a páxina aínda non existe)">Comité Internacional de Ciencias Históricas</a> creou en <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Premio_Internacional_de_Ciencias_Hist%C3%B3ricas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premio Internacional de Ciencias Históricas (a páxina aínda non existe)">Premio Internacional de Ciencias Históricas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia é a encargada de nomear ao ganadores dos Premios Nobel de Física; de Química e do Premio en Ciencias Económicas en memoria de Alfred Nobel.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> A Asemblea do Nobel do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Karolinska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Karolinska (a páxina aínda non existe)">Instituto Karolinska</a> elixe ao ganador de Medicina,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> e a <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sueca" title="Academia Sueca">Academia Sueca</a> nomea ao ganador do de Literatura.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> Os catro premios citados entréganse nunha cerimonia celebrada na capital sueca, <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, cada <a href="/wiki/10_de_decembro" title="10 de decembro">10 de decembro</a>, aniversario da morte de Nobel.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Pola contra, o Premio Nobel da Paz outórgao o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comit%C3%A9_Noruegu%C3%A9s_do_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comité Noruegués do Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Comité Noruegués do Nobel</a>, e entrégase en <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>, capital norueguesa.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os premios Nobel entréganse anualmente. Cada persoa ou institución laureada recibe unha medalla de ouro, un diploma e unha cantidade de diñeiro que determina a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Fundación Nobel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> En <a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a> esta cantidade ascendía a 10 millóns de <a href="/wiki/Coroa_sueca" title="Coroa sueca">coroas suecas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> equivalente a uns 980 000 <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euros</a>. O premio non se pode outorgar de forma póstuma, a non ser que o ganador fose nomeado antes da súa defunción.<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> Se o premio é compartido, a contía repártese entre os ganadores, que non poderán ser máis de tres.<sup id="cite_ref-Facts_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facts-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O_testamento_de_Alfred_Nobel">O testamento de Alfred Nobel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «O testamento de Alfred Nobel»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O testamento de Alfred Nobel"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a> naceu o <a href="/wiki/21_de_outubro" title="21 de outubro">21 de outubro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a> en <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suecia" title="Suecia">Suecia</a>, no seo dunha familia de enxeñeiros. Foi químico, enxeñeiro e inventor. En <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a> comprou Bofors, unha <a href="/wiki/Siderurxia" title="Siderurxia">empresa siderúrxica</a> de ferro e aceiro que converteu nunha importante fábrica de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armamento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armamento (a páxina aínda non existe)">armamento</a>. Nobel amasou unha considerable fortuna ao longo da súa vida grazas aos seus 355 inventos, entre os que se encontran a <a href="/wiki/Nitroglicerina" title="Nitroglicerina">nitroglicerina</a>, precursora de moitos outros explosivos sen fume, especialmente a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordita (a páxina aínda non existe)">cordita</a>, e a <a href="/wiki/Dinamita" title="Dinamita">dinamita</a>. Porén tamén arrastrou un certo sentimento de culpa polo mal que as súas invencións puideran ter ocasionado á humanidade.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1888" title="1888">1888</a> Nobel sorprendeuse ao ler o seu propio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obituario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obituario (a páxina aínda non existe)">obituario</a>, ao que titularan <i>"Morreu o mercador da morte"</i>, nun xornal francés, que confundira a morte do seu irmán <a href="/wiki/Ludvig_Nobel" title="Ludvig Nobel">Ludvig</a> coa súa propia, que acaecería oito anos despois.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> Esta noticia desconcertouno e volveuse receoso acerca de como sería lembrado, inspirándoo a cambiar o seu testamento.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nobel escribiu varios testamentos en vida; o derradeiro asinouno o <a href="/wiki/27_de_novembro" title="27 de novembro">27 de novembro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a> no Club Sueco-Noruegués de <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a> pouco máis dun ano antes de morrer.<sup id="cite_ref-Will_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Will-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> Nel, para sorpresa xeneralizada, especificaba que a súa fortuna se empregase en crear unha serie de premios para aqueles que levasen a cabo "o maior beneficio á humanidade" nos campos da física, a química, a fisioloxía ou medicina, a literatura e a paz.<sup id="cite_ref-Will_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Will-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Segundo se recolle no <a href="/wiki/Testamento" title="Testamento">testamento</a> de Alfred Bernhard Nobel:<sup id="cite_ref-Will_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Will-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6856698">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border-left:3px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);font-size:90%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}</style> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">A totalidade do que queda da miña fortuna quedará disposta do xeito seguinte: o capital invertido en valores seguros polos meus testamentarios, constituirá un fondo e os seus intereses serán distribuídos cada ano en forma de premios entre aqueles que durante o ano precedente realizaran o maior beneficio á humanidade. Estes intereses dividiranse en cinco partes iguais, que serán repartidas do seguinte xeito: unha parte á persoas que fixera o descubrimento máis importante no campo da <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a>; unha parte á persoa que realizara o descubrumento ou mellora máis importante no campo da <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química">química</a>; unha parte á persoa que fixera o descubrimento máis importante no campo da <a href="/wiki/Fisiolox%C3%ADa" title="Fisioloxía">fisioloxía</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicina</a>; unha parte á persoa que producira a obra máis destacada de tendencia idealista no campo da <a href="/wiki/Literatura" title="Literatura">literatura</a>, e unha parte á persoa que traballara máis ou mellor a prol da fraternidade entre as nacións, a abolición ou redución dos exércitos existentes e a celebración e promoción de procesos de <a href="/wiki/Paz" title="Paz">paz</a>. Os premios para a física e a química serán outorgados pola <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_das_Ciencias_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia">Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia</a>, o de fisioloxía e medicina será concedido polo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Karolinska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Karolinska (a páxina aínda non existe)">Instituto Karolinska</a> de <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, o de literatura, pola Academia de Estocolmo, e o dos defensores da paz, por un comité formado por cinco persoas escollidas polo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Storting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Storting (a páxina aínda non existe)">Storting</a> (Parlamento) <a href="/wiki/Noruega" title="Noruega">noruegués</a>. É o meu expreso desexo que, á hora de outorgar estes premios, non se teña en consideración a nacionalidade dos candidatos, senón que sexan os máis merecedores os que reciban o premios, sexan <a href="/wiki/Escandinavia" title="Escandinavia">escandinavos</a> ou non.</div> </div> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_primeira_entrega_dos_premios">A primeira entrega dos premios</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «A primeira entrega dos premios»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: A primeira entrega dos premios"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A primeira cerimonia que concedeu os Premios Nobel en <a href="/wiki/Literatura" title="Literatura">literatura</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química">química</a> e <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicina</a> ocorreu no <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservatorio_Real_de_Estocolmo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conservatorio Real de Estocolmo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Conservatorio Real de Estocolmo</a> en <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a>, entregándose o Premio Nobel da Paz en <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>. Desde <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>, os premios concédeos formalmente o <a href="/wiki/Lista_de_monarcas_de_Suecia" title="Lista de monarcas de Suecia">rei de Suecia</a>. Porén a entrega do Premio Nobel da Paz dáse en Oslo, sendo presidida polo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_monarcas_de_Noruega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de monarcas de Noruega (a páxina aínda non existe)">rei de Noruega</a>. </p><p>O rei <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_II_de_Suecia" title="Óscar II de Suecia">Óscar II</a> inicialmente non aprobou que os premios fosen concedidos a estranxeiros, mais mudou de ideas despois de comprender o valor da publicidade que os premios darían ao seu país. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Os_Premios">Os Premios</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Os Premios»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Os Premios"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg/220px-Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg/330px-Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg/440px-Stockholm_Konserthuset_2002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1167" /></a><figcaption><i>Stockholm Konserthuset (Concert Hall)</i>, onde acontece a cerimonia de entrega dos premios <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Premio Nobel">Nobel</a> e Polar Music.</figcaption></figure> <p>Os Premios concédense nunha cerimonia formal en <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, anualmente o <a href="/wiki/10_de_decembro" title="10 de decembro">10 de decembro</a>, a data en que <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a> faleceu. Exceptúase o <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_da_Paz" title="Premio Nobel da Paz">Nobel da Paz</a>, que se entrega en <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>. Entre tanto, os nomes dos persoas laureadas anúncianse en <a href="/wiki/Outubro" title="Outubro">outubro</a> polos diferentes comités e institucións que realizan a selección para os premios. A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Fundación Nobel</a>, a entidade administradora dos fondos do premio, con sede en <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, non está involucrada na selección dos vencedores. </p><p>O premio consiste nunha medalla de ouro, un diploma coa citación da condecoración e unha suma en diñeiro que varía de acordo cos rendementos da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Fundación Nobel</a>, que rolda os 10 millóns de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coroa_Sueca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coroa Sueca (a páxina aínda non existe)">Coroas suecas</a> (máis dun millón de euros ou dólares). A idea orixinal era permitir que as persoas laureadas continuasen a traballar ou investigar, sen presións financeiras. </p><p>Os premios concédense anualmente desde <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a> para realizacións en: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_F%C3%ADsica" title="Premio Nobel de Física">Premio Nobel de Física</a> (decidido pola <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_das_Ciencias_de_Suecia" title="Real Academia das Ciencias de Suecia">Academia Sueca Real de Ciencias</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Premio Nobel de Química">Premio Nobel de Química</a> (decidido pola Academia Sueca Real de Ciencias)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Fisiolox%C3%ADa_ou_Medicina" title="Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina">Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía</a> ou Medicina (decidido polo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Real_Sueco_de_Medicina_e_Cirurx%C3%ADa_de_Caroline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Real Sueco de Medicina e Cirurxía de Caroline (a páxina aínda non existe)">Instituto Real Sueco de Medicina e Cirurxía de Caroline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Literatura" title="Premio Nobel de Literatura">Premio Nobel de Literatura</a> (decidido pola <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sueca" title="Academia Sueca">Academia Sueca</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_da_Paz" title="Premio Nobel da Paz">Premio Nobel da Paz</a> (decidido por un comité designado polo Parlamento noruegués)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Econom%C3%ADa" title="Premio Nobel de Economía">Premio Nobel de Economía</a> (creado en 1968 polo Sveriges Riksbank (Banco Central de Suecia). Oficialmente chámase <a href="/w/index.php?title=Premio_Banco_de_Suecia_en_Ciencias_Econ%C3%B3micas_en_Memoria_de_Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premio Banco de Suecia en Ciencias Económicas en Memoria de Alfred Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Premio Banco de Suecia en Ciencias Económicas en Memoria de Alfred Nobel</a>).</li></ul> <p>O Premio Nobel concédese baixo varias condicións: un premio pode ser gaño individualmente ou repartido entre até tres persoas no máximo, ou pode non ser concedido en determinado ano, o que permite a concesión de dous premios da mesma categoría no ano seguinte. Alén diso, o premio, nun determinado campo, pode aínda non ser concedido por un certo número de anos, caso que ocorreu máis frecuentemente co Premio Nobel da Paz. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sveriges_Riksbank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sveriges Riksbank (a páxina aínda non existe)">Sveriges Riksbank</a>, o banco central da Suecia, instituíu o "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Premio_de_Ciencias_Econ%C3%B3micas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premio de Ciencias Económicas (a páxina aínda non existe)">Premio de Ciencias Económicas en memoria de Alfred Nobel</a>", que é incorrectamente referido polos economistas como un "<i>Premio Nobel de Economía</i>". Este premio non ten ningunha ligazón con Alfred Nobel, non sendo pagado co diñeiro privado da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Fundación Nobel</a>, mais con diñeiro público do banco central sueco. Os vencedores deste premio son tamén seleccionados pola Academia Sueca Real de Ciencias, sendo galardoado o primeiro vencedor en <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>. A frase estratéxica <i>en memoria de Alfred Nobel</i> é a causante da confusión. A familia Nobel non acepta o premio como tal e en <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>, a decisión tomouse de non se introduciren máis premios <i>en memoria de Nobel</i> no futuro. Nobel foi un empresario criticado pola súa produción de produtos bélicos e de ter sido un monopolista, e é curioso que o teñan homenaxeado por estes feitos. En todo o caso, o "<i>premio Nobel de Economía</i>" entrégase na mesma ocasión que os premios orixinais. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, creouse o premio Anti-Nobel (Ig-Nobel), fundado por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Abrahams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Abrahams (a páxina aínda non existe)">Marc Abrahams</a>, tamén sen ningunha ligazón con Alfred. O premio distingue traballos que non poden ou non deben ser reproducidos, representando a oportunidade de reunir na <a href="/wiki/Universidade_Harvard" title="Universidade Harvard">Universidade Harvard</a> un serie de científicos. Existen os Ig-Nobel da Paz e o de Medicina e doutras disciplinas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medalla">Medalla</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Medalla»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Medalla"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As medallas do premio Nobel, cuñadas por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myntverket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myntverket (a páxina aínda non existe)">Myntverket</a> en <a href="/wiki/Suecia" title="Suecia">Suecia</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Casa_da_Moeda_de_Noruega" class="mw-redirect" title="Casa da Moeda de Noruega">Casa da Moeda de Noruega</a> dende 1902, son marcas rexistradas da Fundación Nobel. </p><p>As medallas cuñadas en <a href="/wiki/Suecia" title="Suecia">Suecia</a> foron deseñadas polo escultor e <a href="/wiki/Gravado" title="Gravado">gravador</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_Lindberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik Lindberg (a páxina aínda non existe)">Erik Lindberg</a> co mesmo <a href="/wiki/Anverso" title="Anverso">anverso</a>: unha imaxe de <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a> de perfil esquerdo, acompañada das súas datas de nacemento e falecemento.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> No reverso comparten a mesma inscrición en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latín</a>: <i>Inventas vitam juvat excoluisse per artes</i> ("Descuberto para axudar a mellorar os coñecementos"), mentres que as imaxes varían en función aos símbolos correspondentes a cada unha das institucións que as outorgan.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En cambio, a medalla da Paz foi realizada polo noruegués <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Vigeland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Vigeland (a páxina aínda non existe)">Gustav Vigeland</a> e a correspondente ao premio en Ciencias Económicas, por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunvor_Svensson-Lundqvist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunvor Svensson-Lundqvist (a páxina aínda non existe)">Gunvor Svensson-Lundqvist</a>. Ambas posúen tamén unha imaxe de Alfred Nobel no anverso, mais cun deseño lixeiramente distinto.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> No reverso, pola súa parte, a medalla do Nobel da Paz conta coa cita <i>Pro ritmo et fraternitate gentium</i> ("Para ritmo e a irmandade dos pobos"), mentres que a de Economía non ten inscrición.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para a primeira edición dos premios, en 1901, as medallas non puideron ser entregadas a tempo e no seu lugar entregáronse unhas medallas temporais, tamén coa efixie de Alfred Nobel, aínda que fabricadas nun metal menos valioso, ata que se puideron finalizar as medallas definitivas o ano seguinte. O atraso na finalización das medallas debeuse a que cada unha das institucións que outorgan os premios debía aprobar os deseños dos reversos, algo que non estivo exento de polémica. Dende 1902 todas as medallas mantiveron os seus deseños.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ata 1980, todas as medallas cuñáronse en <a href="/wiki/Ouro" title="Ouro">ouro</a> de 23 <a href="/wiki/Quilate" title="Quilate">quilates</a>. A partir de entón realizáronse en ouro verde de 18 quilates recuberto de ouro de 24 quilates. O seu peso varía en función do ouro, mais cada medalla pesa de media uns 200 <a href="/wiki/Gramo" title="Gramo">gramos</a> e o seu diámetro é de 66 <a href="/wiki/Mil%C3%ADmetro" title="Milímetro">milímetros</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Medals_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medals-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diploma">Diploma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Diploma»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Diploma"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG/225px-Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG/338px-Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG/450px-Nobel_Prize_Diploma_Fritz_Haber_1918.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1938" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Diploma recibido en 1918 por <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a>, Premio Nobel de Química.</figcaption></figure> <p>Os laureados reciben un diploma de mans do rei de Suecia ou, no caso do Nobel da Paz, do presidente do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comit%C3%A9_Noruegu%C3%A9s_do_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comité Noruegués do Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Comité Noruegués do Nobel</a>, en presenza do rei de Noruega.<sup id="cite_ref-Diplomas_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diplomas-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> Cada diploma posúe un deseño realizado especialmente polas institucións que o outorgan, que contén unha imaxe e un texto onde se especifica o nome da persoa laureada, ademais de que habitualmente se menciona a razón ou razóns da concesión (coa excepción do Premio Nobel da Paz, cuxos diplomas nunca incluíron a xustificación).<sup id="cite_ref-Diplomas_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diplomas-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contía_económica"><span id="Cont.C3.ADa_econ.C3.B3mica"></span>Contía económica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Contía económica»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Contía económica"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ao mesmo tempo que os diplomas, entrégase un importante premio económico, cunha contía que depende dos ingresos da Fundación Nobel ese ano. En 2013 ascendeu a 10 millóns de <a href="/wiki/Coroa_sueca" title="Coroa sueca">coroas suecas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Amounts_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amounts-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup> equivalente a un millón de <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euros</a>. Aínda que a finalidade é evitar as preocupacións económicas do laureado, non é estraño que os beneficiados opten por doar os cartos a causas científicas, culturais o humanitarias.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Se nunha categoría dúas persoas comparten o premio, a suma divídese. Se se trata de tres gañadores simultáneos, o comité de adxudicación pode repartila en tres partes iguais ou outorgar a metade a un dos laureados e un cuarto a cada un dos restantes.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Desenvolvemento_da_entrega">Desenvolvemento da entrega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Desenvolvemento da entrega»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Desenvolvemento da entrega"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A entrega de premios envolve un protocolo ríxido, que inclúe unha orde de entrega (Física, Química, Medicina, Literatura) que se estende a outras actividades dentro dos actos. Por exemplo, é a muller do primeiro galardoado en Física (en xeral por orde alfabético, e sen que participen as mulleres galardoadas, polo momento) a que é levada polo Rei sueco do brazo á cea posterior, así como as conferencias dos físicos ocupan as primeiras páxinas do libro de conferencias de cada ano.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-26"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Na entrega dos premios son enviadas flores dende <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Remo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Remo (a páxina aínda non existe)">San Remo</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>, onde Alfred Nobel pasou os seus últimos anos. </p><p>A entrega do premio correspondente á Paz desenvólvese en <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> e non en Estocolmo (<a href="/wiki/Noruega" title="Noruega">Noruega</a> fora forzada a unirse a Suecia no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">s. XIX</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-26"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En setembro de 2020, anunciouse que a cerimonia non será presencial por primeira vez dende 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rexeitamentos">Rexeitamentos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Rexeitamentos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Rexeitamentos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dous laureados declinaron voluntariamente o premio Nobel. En 1964, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> recibiu o premio Nobel de Literatura, mais rexeitouno afirmando "un escritor debe rexeitar permitirse ser transformado nunha institución, mesmo se ten lugar da forma máis honorable".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lê Đức Thọ (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lê Đức Thọ</a>, escollido para o premio da Paz de 1973 polo seu papel nos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acordos_de_Paz_de_Par%C3%ADs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acordos de Paz de París (a páxina aínda non existe)">Acordos de Paz de París</a>, declinouno dicindo que non había paz real en Vietnam.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated4_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-29"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> intentou rexeitar o premio monetario mentres aceptaba o premio de Literatura; finalmente, aceptou empregalo para fundar a Fundación Literaria Anglo-Sueca.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> Durante o Terceiro Reich, Adolf Hitler dificultou que <a href="/wiki/Richard_Johann_Kuhn" title="Richard Johann Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Domagk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Domagk (a páxina aínda non existe)">Gerhard Domagk</a> aceptasen os seus premios. Todos recibiron os diplomas e as medallas despois da <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a>. En 1958, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a> declinou o premio debido ao medo ao que fixese o goberno da Unión Soviética se viaxaba a Estocolmo para aceptar o premio. A cambio, a Academia Sueca rexeitou o seu rexeitamento, dicindo "este rexeitamento, por suposto que non altera de ningún xeito a validez do premio".<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated4_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-29"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Svenska Akademien. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140702003601/http://www.svenskaakademien.se/nobelpriset_i_litteratur/nobel_priset_i_litteratur">"Nobelpriset i litteratur"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en sueco)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svenskaakademien.se/nobelpriset_i_litteratur/nobel_priset_i_litteratur">o orixinal</a> o 2 de xullo de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 24 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Svenska+Akademien&rft.btitle=Nobelpriset+i+litteratur&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskaakademien.se%2Fnobelpriset_i_litteratur%2Fnobel_priset_i_litteratur&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140107045646/http://www.kva.se/Priser/Nobelprisen/">"Nobelprisen"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en noruegués)</span>. Archived from the original on 07 de xaneiro de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 24 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Kungl.+Vetenskapsakademien&rft.btitle=Nobelprisen&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2FPriser%2FNobelprisen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NoruegaARG-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NoruegaARG_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NoruegaARG_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Real Embajada de Noruega en Argentina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140720084957/http://www.noruega.org.ar/Embassy/Preguntas-frecuentes/Educacion-salud-tiempo-libre-y-hobbies/Premio-Nobel-de-la-Paz---Comite-Noruego-del-Nobel/">"Premio Nobel de la Paz - Comité Noruego del Nobel"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.noruega.org.ar/Embassy/Preguntas-frecuentes/Educacion-salud-tiempo-libre-y-hobbies/Premio-Nobel-de-la-Paz---Comite-Noruego-del-Nobel">o orixinal</a> o 20 de xullo de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 24 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Real+Embajada+de+Noruega+en+Argentina&rft.btitle=Premio+Nobel+de+la+Paz+-+Comit%C3%A9+Noruego+del+Nobel&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.noruega.org.ar%2FEmbassy%2FPreguntas-frecuentes%2FEducacion-salud-tiempo-libre-y-hobbies%2FPremio-Nobel-de-la-Paz---Comite-Noruego-del-Nobel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Facts-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Facts_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Facts_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Facts_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Facts_4-3">4,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Facts_4-4">4,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/facts/">"Nobel Prize Facts"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=Nobel+Prize+Facts&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Ffacts%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hird, John A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/powerknowledgepo0000hird"><i>Power, Knowledge, and Politics</i></a>. American governance and public policy <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Georgetown University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/powerknowledgepo0000hird/page/33">33</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-1-58901-048-2" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-1-58901-048-2">978-1-58901-048-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/231997210">231997210</a>. <q>Accordingly, the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics, was awarded to economists beginning in 1969. No other social science is so recognized.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft.aulast=Hird&rft.btitle=Power%2C+Knowledge%2C+and+Politics&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-58901-048-2&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Georgetown+University+Press&rft.series=American+governance+and+public+policy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpowerknowledgepo0000hird&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F231997210&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cish.org/index.php/en/the-cish-prize/">"The CISH Prize"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Comité Internacional de Ciencias Históricas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.btitle=The+CISH+Prize&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Comit%C3%A9+Internacional+de+Ciencias+Hist%C3%B3ricas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cish.org%2Findex.php%2Fen%2Fthe-cish-prize%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kva.se/en/Prizes/">"Prizes"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Kungl.+Vetenskapsakademien&rft.btitle=Prizes&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kva.se%2Fen%2FPrizes%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180815085937/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/">"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/">o orixinal</a> o 15 de agosto de 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 25 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/">"The Nobel Prize in Literature Prize"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 25 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature+Prize&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fliterature%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/ceremonies/">"The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 25 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+Award+Ceremonies&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fceremonies%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Norwegian Nobel Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140604130239/http://nobelpeaceprize.org/en_GB/about_peaceprize/">"Nobel Peace Prize"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelpeaceprize.org/en_GB/about_peaceprize/">o orixinal</a> o 04 de xuño de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=The+Norwegian+Nobel+Committee&rft.btitle=Nobel+Peace+Prize&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelpeaceprize.org%2Fen_GB%2Fabout_peaceprize%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/">"Nobel Prizes and Laureates"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 24 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=Nobel+Prizes+and+Laureates&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/montreal-born-doctor-gets-posthumous-nobel-honour-1.824238">"Montreal-born doctor gets posthumous Nobel honour"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. 3 de outubro de 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Montreal-born+doctor+gets+posthumous+Nobel+honour&rft.chron=3+de+outubro+de+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fhealth%2Fmontreal-born-doctor-gets-posthumous-nobel-honour-1.824238&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teinteresa.es/increible/Alfred-Nobel-quimico-dinamita-gelignita_0_830318046.html">"Alfred Nobel, es el químico sueco que patentó la dinamita y la gelignita"</a>. <i>Teinteresa.es</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_castel%C3%A1" title="Lingua castelá">castelán</a>)</span>. 17 de decembro de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel%2C+es+el+qu%C3mico+sueco+que+patent%C3%B3+la+dinamita+y+la+gelignita&rft.chron=17+de+decembro+de+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teinteresa.es&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teinteresa.es%2Fincreible%2FAlfred-Nobel-quimico-dinamita-gelignita_0_830318046.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Cervera, Pepe (23 de setembro de 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.rtve.es/retiario/2013/09/los-premios-nobel-mal-periodismo.html">"Los premios Nobel y el mal periodismo"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_castel%C3%A1" title="Lingua castelá">castelán</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Los+premios+Nobel+y+el+mal+periodismo&rft.aufirst=Pepe&rft.aulast=Cervera&rft.chron=23+de+setembro+de+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.rtve.es%2Fretiario%2F2013%2F09%2Flos-premios-nobel-mal-periodismo.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Golden, Frederic (16 de outubro de 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220070621/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,998209,00.html">"The Worst And The Brightest"</a>. <i>Time</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,998209,00.html">o orixinal</a> o 20 de decembro de 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=The+Worst+And+The+Brightest&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft.aulast=Golden&rft.chron=16+de+outubro+de+2000&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C998209%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Will-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Will_17-0">17,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Will_17-1">17,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Will_17-2">17,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/alfred_nobel/will/">"Alfred Nobel's Will"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=Alfred+Nobel%27s+Will&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred_nobel%2Fwill%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelocal.se/20091005/14776">"Alfred Nobel's last will and testament"</a>. <i>The Local</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. 5 de outubro de 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 6 de decembro de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel%27s+last+will+and+testament&rft.chron=5+de+outubro+de+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F20091005%2F14776&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Medals-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-0">19,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-1">19,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-2">19,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-3">19,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-4">19,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Medals_19-5">19,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lemmel, Birgitta. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/medals/">"The Nobel Medals and the Medal for the Prize in Economic Sciences"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Nobel Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 27 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Birgitta&rft.aulast=Lemmel&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Medals+and+the+Medal+for+the+Prize+in+Economic+Sciences&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fabout%2Fmedals%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diplomas-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Diplomas_20-0">20,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Diplomas_20-1">20,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lemmel, Birgitta. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/diplomas/index.html">"The Nobel Diplomas"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Nobel Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 26 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Birgitta&rft.aulast=Lemmel&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Diplomas&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fabout%2Fdiplomas%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amounts-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Amounts_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/prize_amounts_14.pdf">"Prize amount and market value of invested capital converted into 2013 year's monetary value"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 24 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Nobel+Foundation&rft.btitle=Prize+amount+and+market+value+of+invested+capital+converted+into+2013+year%27s+monetary+value&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fabout%2Famounts%2Fprize_amounts_14.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Locke, Michelle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726012539/http://ebcf.org/press/07/Smoot_AP_3-07.pdf">"Berkeley Nobel laureates donate prize money to charity"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebcf.org/press/07/Smoot_AP_3-07.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 26 de xullo de 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 10 de febreiro de 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.aulast=Locke&rft.btitle=Berkeley+Nobel+laureates+donate+prize+money+to+charity&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebcf.org%2Fpress%2F07%2FSmoot_AP_3-07.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pederson, T. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/full/20/13/2186">"Reflections on the prize of prizes: Alfred Nobel"</a>. <i>The FASEB Journal</i> <b>20</b> (13): 2186–9. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17077294">17077294</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1096%2Ffj.06-1102ufm">10.1096/fj.06-1102ufm</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Reflections+on+the+prize+of+prizes%3A+Alfred+Nobel&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.aulast=Pederson&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=13&rft.jtitle=The+FASEB+Journal&rft.pages=2186-9&rft.volume=20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fasebj.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F20%2F13%2F2186&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1096%2Ffj.06-1102ufm&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17077294&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Sample, Ian (5 de outubro de 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/oct/05/nobel-prize-medicine-2009-award">"Nobel prize for medicine shared by scientists for work on ageing and cancer"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 26 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Nobel+prize+for+medicine+shared+by+scientists+for+work+on+ageing+and+cancer&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.chron=5+de+outubro+de+2009&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2009%2Foct%2F05%2Fnobel-prize-medicine-2009-award&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Sample, Ian (7 de outubro de 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/oct/07/physics.nobel">"Nobel prize for physics: Explaining why there is something rather than nothing"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 26 de xuño de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Nobel+prize+for+physics%3A+Explaining+why+there+is+something+rather+than+nothing&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.chron=7+de+outubro+de+2008&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2008%2Foct%2F07%2Fphysics.nobel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-0">26,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-1">26,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Glashow, Sheldon L. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43732833"><i>Interacciones : una visión del mundo desde el encanto de los átomos</i></a>. Barcelona: Tusquets. pp. 312–334. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/84-7223-429-0" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/84-7223-429-0">84-7223-429-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/43732833">43732833</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Glashow%2C+Sheldon+L.&rft.btitle=Interacciones+%3A+una+visi%C3%B3n+del+mundo+desde+el+encanto+de+los+%C3%A1tomos&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=84-7223-429-0&rft.pages=312-334&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pub=Tusquets&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F43732833&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F43732833&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.subrayado.com.uy/por-coronavirus-premio-nobel-no-sera-presencial-primera-vez-1944-n670063">Premio Nobel - Pandemia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Holt, Jim (22 de setembro de 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/id/2088648/">"Exit, Pursued by a Lobster"</a>. <i>Slate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 21 de xaneiro de 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Exit%2C+Pursued+by+a+Lobster&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.chron=22+de+setembro+de+2003&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fid%2F2088648%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated4-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated4_29-0">29,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated4_29-1">29,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">English, Jason (6 de outubro de 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2009/LIVING/wayoflife/10/06/mf.nobel.odd.facts/index.html">"Odd facts about Nobel Prize winners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 21 de xaneiro de 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Odd+facts+about+Nobel+Prize+winners&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.aulast=English&rft.chron=6+de+outubro+de+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2009%2FLIVING%2Fwayoflife%2F10%2F06%2Fmf.nobel.odd.facts%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-36047;jsessionid=E1A877179DC81846052CC130EE22B31F">"Shaw, George Bernard (1856–1950), playwright and polemicist"</a>. <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F36047">10.1093/ref:odnb/36047</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2023-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.atitle=Shaw%2C+George+Bernard+%281856%931950%29%2C+playwright+and+polemicist&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-36047%3Bjsessionid%3DE1A877179DC81846052CC130EE22B31F&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F36047&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:  <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nobel_Prize" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nobel Prize">Premios Nobel</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7191" title="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata"><img alt="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag-Map_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="885" data-file-height="1749" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">A Galipedia ten un <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">portal</a> sobre: <i><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Suecia" title="Portal:Suecia">Suecia</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografía"><span id="Bibliograf.C3.ADa"></span>Bibliografía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar a sección: «Bibliografía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Bibliografía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="Abrams" class="citation book">Abrams, Irwin (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.cat/?id=ny77bPwKxaUC&printsec=frontcover&q="><i>The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates</i></a>. Watson Publishing International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0881353884" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/0881353884">0881353884</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Irwin&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Peace+Prize+and+the+Laureates&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0881353884&rft.pub=Watson+Publishing+International&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2F%3Fid%3Dny77bPwKxaUC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26q%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Crawford69" class="citation book">Crawford, Elizabeth T (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.cat/?id=EGfhs_tvjVYC"><i>The Beginnings of the Nobel Institution – The Science Prizes, 1901–1915</i></a>. Maison des Sciences de l'Homme & Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0-521-26584-3" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/0-521-26584-3">0-521-26584-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+T&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.btitle=The+Beginnings+of+the+Nobel+Institution+%93+The+Science+Prizes%2C+1901%931915&rft.date=1984&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521-26584-3&rft.pub=Maison+des+Sciences+de+l%27Homme+%26+Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2F%3Fid%3DEGfhs_tvjVYC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Feldman" class="citation book">Feldman, Burton (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.cat/?id=xnckeeTICn0C&printsec=frontcover&q="><i>The Nobel prize: a history of genius, controversy, and prestige</i></a>. Arcade Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/1559705922" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/1559705922">1559705922</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Burton&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+prize%3A+a+history+of+genius%2C+controversy%2C+and+prestige&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1559705922&rft.pub=Arcade+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2F%3Fid%3DxnckeeTICn0C%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26q%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Levinovitz69" class="citation book">Levinovitz, Agneta Wallin (2001). Nils Ringertz, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.cat/?id=QMSg5mRJiukC&printsec=frontcover&q="><i>The Nobel Prize: The First 100 Years</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College Press</a> e World Scientific Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/981-02-4664-1" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/981-02-4664-1">981-02-4664-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Agneta+Wallin&rft.aulast=Levinovitz&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize%3A+The+First+100+Years&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=981-02-4664-1&rft.pub=Imperial+College+Press+e+World+Scientific+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2F%3Fid%3DQMSg5mRJiukC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26q%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Sohlman69" class="citation book">Sohlman, Ragnar (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/legacyofalfredno0000sohl"><i>The Legacy of Alfred Nobel – The Story Behind the Nobel Prizes</i></a>. The Nobel Foundation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0-370-30990-1" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/0-370-30990-1">0-370-30990-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3APremios+Nobel&rft.aufirst=Ragnar&rft.aulast=Sohlman&rft.btitle=The+Legacy+of+Alfred+Nobel+%93+The+Story+Behind+the+Nobel+Prizes&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-370-30990-1&rft.pub=The+Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flegacyofalfredno0000sohl&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_F%C3%ADsica" title="Premio Nobel de Física">Premio Nobel de Física</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Premio Nobel de Química">Premio Nobel de Química</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Fisiolox%C3%ADa_ou_Medicina" title="Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina">Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Literatura" title="Premio Nobel de Literatura">Premio Nobel de Literatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_da_Paz" title="Premio Nobel da Paz">Premio Nobel da Paz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_mulleres_ga%C3%B1adoras_do_Premio_Nobel" title="Lista de mulleres gañadoras do Premio Nobel">Mulleres e Premios Nobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premios_Right_Livelihood" title="Premios Right Livelihood">Premios Nobel Alternativos</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligazóns_externas"><span id="Ligaz.C3.B3ns_externas"></span>Ligazóns externas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar a sección: «Ligazóns externas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premios_Nobel&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ligazóns externas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobel.se">Fundación Nobel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morasha.com.br/conteudo/artigos/artigos_view.asp?a=259&p=0">Historia do Premio Nobel</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060306190241/http://www.morasha.com.br/conteudo/artigos/artigos_view.asp?a=259&p=0">Arquivado</a> 06 de marzo de 2006 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051216033158/http://www.nobelpreis.org/portugues/index.htm">O Premio Nobel</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Premios_Nobel" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Modelo:Premio_Nobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Modelo:Premio Nobel"><abbr title="Ver 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/P_physics_grey.svg/25px-P_physics_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/P_physics_grey.svg/38px-P_physics_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/P_physics_grey.svg/50px-P_physics_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_F%C3%ADsica" title="Premio Nobel de Física">Nobel de Física</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Gamgi48.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gamgi48.png/25px-Gamgi48.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gamgi48.png/38px-Gamgi48.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gamgi48.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Premio Nobel de Química">Nobel de Química</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Yildiz_Viki.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Yildiz_Viki.gif/25px-Yildiz_Viki.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Yildiz_Viki.gif/38px-Yildiz_Viki.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Yildiz_Viki.gif/50px-Yildiz_Viki.gif 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="192" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Fisiolox%C3%ADa_ou_Medicina" title="Premio Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina">Nobel de Fisioloxía ou Medicina</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:P_literature_grey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/P_literature_grey.svg/25px-P_literature_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/P_literature_grey.svg/38px-P_literature_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/P_literature_grey.svg/50px-P_literature_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Literatura" title="Premio Nobel de Literatura">Nobel de Literatura</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Peace_dove_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peace_dove_icon.svg/25px-Peace_dove_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peace_dove_icon.svg/38px-Peace_dove_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peace_dove_icon.svg/50px-Peace_dove_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="850" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_da_Paz" title="Premio Nobel da Paz">Nobel da Paz</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:P_economy_blue2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P_economy_blue2.png/25px-P_economy_blue2.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P_economy_blue2.png/38px-P_economy_blue2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P_economy_blue2.png/50px-P_economy_blue2.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Econom%C3%ADa" title="Premio Nobel de Economía">Nobel de Economía</a></b></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/50px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/75px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/100px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Listas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_ga%C3%B1adores_dos_Premios_Nobel" title="Lista de gañadores dos Premios Nobel">Lista de gañadores dos Premios Nobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_mulleres_ga%C3%B1adoras_do_Premio_Nobel" title="Lista de mulleres gañadoras do Premio Nobel">Lista de mulleres gañadoras do Premio Nobel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7191" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q7191">Q7191</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105580684" class="extiw" title="d:Q105580684">ARAE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archivo.rae.es/index.php/premio-nobel-1895">premio-nobel-1895</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Florencia" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florencia">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=41608">41608</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/3987332">3987332</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nobel-Prize">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">GEC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-21979535.xml">21979535</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4130217-5">4130217-5</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database">IMDb</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=ev0002882">ev0002882</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85092136">sh85092136</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00568591">00568591</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="Biblioteca Nacional da República Checa">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117923">ph117923</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_t%C3%A9cnica_nacional_de_Praga" title="Biblioteca técnica nacional de Praga">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH13847">13847</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">TESF: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/nobel_prize">nobel_prize</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identificadores" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identificadores" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;">Identificadores</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009613">D009613</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/K01.150.567">K01.150.567</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Unified_Medical_Language_System" title="Unified Medical Language System">UMLS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncim-stage.nci.nih.gov/ncimbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Metathesaurus&code=C0028236">C0028236</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" 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