Library — Central Intelligence Agency

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="no-js" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.cia.gov/library/","20150905060313","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1441432993"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><title>Library — Central Intelligence Agency</title><meta name="description" content=""/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta name="LastModified" content="Jul 22, 2014"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/jobcart.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/smallscreen.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/modules.css"/><link href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/fullscreen.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="only screen and (min-width: 993px)"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/expandcollapse.css" media="screen"/><script src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/modernizr.custom.73407.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/response.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/rwd.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/jquery.main.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/simpleCart.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/connect.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20150905060313cs_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/css/library.css"/><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/library.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20150905060313js_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/js/expandcollapse.js"></script> </head><body class="template-document_view_library portaltype-agencypage site-CIAgov section-library icons-on"><div><noscript>Javascript must be enabled for the correct page display</noscript><div id="wrapper"> <header id="header"><div class="header-holder"> <a class="skip" accesskey="S" href="#main-content">skip to content</a> <span class="bg-globe"></span> <div class="header-panel"> <hgroup><h1 class="logo"><a href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/"><img src="/web/20150905060313im_/https://www.cia.gov/++theme++contextual.agencytheme/images/logo.png" alt="Central Intelligence Agency"><span>Central Intelligence Agency</span></a></h1> <h2 class="work-text">The Work Of A Nation. 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on this website. The Library contains a wealth of information, from unclassified current publications to basic references, reports and maps.</p> <div class="featured-links"> <h2>Featured Links</h2> <ul class="start-links"><li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook">The World Factbook<span> </span></a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/world-leaders-1">World Leaders<span> </span></a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence">Studies in Intelligence<span> </span></a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/video-center">Video Center<span> </span></a></li> </ul></div> <div> <h2>Publications by Category</h2> <ul><li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications#resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications#international-relations">International Relations</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications#intel-history">Intellligence History</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications#cold-war">Cold War</a></li> </ul></div> <div> <h2>Additional Resources</h2> <ul><li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence">Center for the Study of Intelligence</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/intelligence-literature">Intelligence Literature Suggested Reading List</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/foia">Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room (FOIA)</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/reports">Reports</a></li> <li><a class="internal-link" href="/web/20150905060313/https://www.cia.gov/library/kent-center-occasional-papers">Kent Center Occasional Papers</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="documentByLine"> <br><div> </div> <div> Posted: Apr 15, 2007 11:36 AM<br></div> <div> Last Updated: Jul 22, 2014 03:01 PM<br></div> <br></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> <aside class="content-box-2"><span> </span> <section class="social-box narrow"><h3 class="section-title">CONNECT WITH CIA</h3> <div class="tabs narrow"> <h4><img src="/web/20150905060313im_/https://www.cia.gov/portlet_content/images/socialicon22twitter.gif/image.gif" title="CIA on Twitter" alt="Twitter"></h4> <div class="tabbody"> <div class="holder-box"> <span class="heading">Twitter Feed</span> <a class="twitter-timeline" data-dnt="true" width="235" height="322" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905060313/https://twitter.com/CIA" data-widget-id="497085799548993536">Tweets by @CIA</a> <script> setTimeout(function () { !function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], p = /^http:/.test(d.location) ? 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