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WTC 2023 Turkey
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="tr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>WTC 2023 Turkey</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.wtc2023turkey.org/tunnelling-in-turkey.html" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="releases/v5.11.2/css/all.css"> <link href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/css/mdb.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/css/style.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/css/style2.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Serif:400,700&display=swap&subset=latin-ext" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="https://wtc2023turkey.org/img/logo.png"> </head> <body> <header> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark scrolling-navbar"> <div class="container"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/"><i class="fas fa-home"></i></a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"> <ul class="navbar-nav m-auto"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="preface.html">Preface</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="about.html">About TRA</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Tunnelling in Turkey</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-primary" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="tunnelling-in-turkey.html">Tunnelling in Turkey</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="completed-tunnels.html">Recently Completed Tunnels</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="current-tunnelling.html">Current Tunnelling Activities</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="future-tunnelling.html">Future Tunnelling Activities</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="supporters.html">Supporters</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">WHY Turkey & Why Antalya</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-primary" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="why-turkey-why-antalya.html">WHY Turkey & Why Antalya</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="why-about.html">About Turkey</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="why-transportation.html">Transportation</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="why-accommodation.html">Accommodation</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="Health-Tourism.html">Health Tourism</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="sightseeing-in-antalya.html">Sightseeing in Antalya</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About WTC 2023</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-primary" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="congress-theme.html">Congress Theme</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="organizing-committee.html">Organizing Committee</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="draft-program.html">Draft Program</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="venue.html">Venue</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="contact.html">Contact</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="carousel-example-1z" class="carousel slide carousel-fade" data-ride="carousel"> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <div class="view" style="background-image: url('http://wtc2023turkey.org/img/tbbgalt.png');"> <center></center> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main id="orta"> <div class="container" style="background: white;"> <section class="pt-1 wow fadeIn"> <h3 id="baslik">Tunnelling In Turkey</h3> <div class="row wow fadeIn"> <div class="col-md-12 text-justify"> <p>Tunnelling efforts in Turkey started with the construction of a subway tunnel in 1869. A French engineer named Eugene-Henri GAVANT developed a project for the construction of the tunnel, which would connect Karaköy (Galata) located on the northern coast of Golden Horn and Beyoğlu (Pera) districts. As part of the project, a funicular would be running through the tunnel. In 1875, the tunnel was officially opened. It was 550,80 m in length, 6,74 m in width and 4,90 m in height.</p> <p>Due the political instability the world was going through, Turkey also failed to undertake large-scale tunnelling projects for highway routes until the foundation of the Republic of Turkey. Following the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923, priority had been given to railroad transportation and thus to the tunnels along these rail routes. Since highway transportation became more prominent in the 1950’s and subsequent years, the number of tunnel passes started to escalate accordingly.</p> <p>Below are the examples of tunnelling initiatives by years:</p> <p>• Constructed in 1954 with the traditional method, Hoynat Tunnel, 151 m long, is the oldest tunnel on the state highways which is located on the Perşembe – Fatsa route, <br> • In the 1960’s, the length of the road network in Turkey reached 60.000 km, out of which 1,2 km were composed of single-tube tunnels, <br> • In 1965, tunnelling projects were in full flow along the highway routes and 16 snow sheds were opened on the Tunceli –Pülümür road, <br> • Between 1970 and 1990, multi-lane express highways and motorways started to be constructed; thus, Dil İskelesi and Hereke Tunnels with double tubes, İzmit Cut-and-Cover Tunnel and the cut-and-cover tunnels under the Military Academy were built up in 1980, 1981 and 1988 respectively, <br> • Construction of Zigana Tunnel, which was the longest tunnel of that time with its 1.702 m length on Maçka – Torul highway, was completed in 1988, <br> • Kargı Tunnel was the first state highway tunnel constructed after 1990 by using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) on Antalya-Dereboğazı road (opened to traffic in 1994), <br> • Nefise Akçelik Tunnel (which bears the name of our lady colleague civil engineer who spent strenuous efforts for the development and dissemination of tunnelling initiatives in Turkey) is a far-reaching, state highway tunnel with double tubes (3.805 m and 3.825 m) on Bolaman – Perşembe road, construction of which was completed in 2006, <br> • Ovit Tunnel on İkizdere – İspir state highway completed on 2018, which it is one of the long tunnels in the world. Çamlık and Riva Tunnels on the Northern Marmara motorway also fall under the category of long tunnels. </p> <p>It can be concluded that with emerging technologies and improved construction methods, tunnels have become an indispensable part of Turkey by contributing to the geometric standards of highways.</p> <p>Within the scope of the tunnel construction of General Directorate of Highways solely, <b>307</b> tunnels with the length of <b>465 km</b> were built between 2003 and 2019. As of today <b>390</b> tunnels with the total length of <b>515 km</b> serve on all our roads. In 2019, <b>29</b> tunnels with the length of <b>51,5 km</b> were built.</p> <p>Constructions are going on in <b>138</b> tunnels with the length of <b>530 km</b>. Project studies continues in <b>250</b> tunnels with the length of <b>633 km</b>. <b>250</b> meters of highway tunnel are built daily in our country. The project of <b>42</b> tunnels with the total length of <b>136,4 km</b> is ready. Until 2023, <b>470</b> tunnels with a total length of <b>647 km</b> are planned to serve in the highway network. </p> <p>“ITA-AITES 2005 WORLD TUNNEL CONGRESS & 31<sup>st</sup> ITA GENERAL ASSEMBLY” was successfully held on May 7-12, 2005 in İstanbul jointly by Turkish Road Association and International Tunnelling and Underground Space Association. During the event, Turkey and its neighboring countries had the chance to exchange knowledge and experience on the latest technologies in tunnelling.</p> <p>For the last 15 years, Turkey has undertaken mega Highway, Railway and Subway projects, drawing attention from all over the world.</p> <p>Under such projects, outstanding tunnels have been built up by using the latest design techniques and construction methods. </p> <p>In all these projects and constructions, Turkey as a member country has benefited much from ITA – AITES experiences. In other words while determining the techniques, methodology and process management, ITA – AITES guidelines has been highly followed.</p> <p>The Association has decided to become a candidate to host “ITA-AITES WORLD TUNNEL CONGRESS 2023 AND 49<sup>th</sup> GENERAL ASSEMBLY” in Antalya with a view to discussing and sharing technical know-how and experiences gained by Turkey in tunnel designing and construction with international guests.</p> <p>We hope that all ITA members will support our candidacy and look forward to meeting you in WTC 2023 to be held in Turkey once again as was in 2005.</p> </div> </div> </section> </div> </main> <footer class="page-footer text-center font-small wow fadeIn" style="background: #6a716b"> <div class="container m-auto p-0"> <div class="row pt-3" id="en-alt"> <div class="col-md-4"> <h5 id="alt-baslik">Turkish Road Association</h5> <p><strong>Telephone:</strong> +90 312 418 79 05<br><strong>Fax:</strong> +90 312 425 82 10<br><strong>E-mail:</strong><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#ed868280849988ad94998086c3829f8ac3999f"> <span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="8ce7e3e1e5f8e9ccf5f8e1e7a2e3feeba2f8fe">[email protected]</span></a><br>E-Mail: <a href="/"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="75020116474547460100071e100c351218141c195b161a18">[email protected]</span></a></p> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <h5 id="alt-baslik">Organizing Secretariat</h5> <p><b>Valör Congress Organization</b><br><strong>Telephone:</strong> +90 312 491 88 88<br><strong>Fax:</strong> +90 312 491 99 89<br><strong>E-mail:</strong><a href="/"> <span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="94e7f1f7e6f1e0f1e6fdf5e0d4e3e0f7a6a4a6a7e0e1e6fff1edbafbe6f3">[email protected]</span></a></p> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <h5 id="alt-baslik">Social Media</h5> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/wtc2023turkey/" target="_blank"><button id="face" type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary waves-effect px-3"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f text-white" style="font-size: 1.4em;"></i></button></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Wtc2023" target="_blank"><button id="twit" type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info waves-effect px-2"><i class="fab fa-twitter text-white" style="font-size: 1.4em;padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"></i></button></a> <button id="ins" type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info waves-effect px-2"><i class="fab fa-instagram text-white" style="font-size: 1.4em;padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"></i></button> <button id="face" type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary waves-effect px-3"><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in text-white" style="font-size: 1.4em;"></i></button> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzo2kH2seFUg5-cLNF7jkzQ" target="_blank"><button id="youtube" type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger waves-effect px-2"><i class="fab fa-youtube text-white" style="font-size: 1.4em;padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"></i></button></a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="en-alt1" class="footer-copyright py-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3 text-left p-0"> <center>All rights belong to WTC 2023 Turkey</center> </div> <div class="col-md-9 text-right"> <a href="/">Home</a> / <a href="about.html">About TRA</a> / <a href="tunnelling-in-turkey.html">Tunnelling in Turkey</a> / <a href="supporters.html">Supporters</a> / <a href="why-turkey-why-antalya.html">WHY Turkey & Why Antalya</a> / <a href="congress-theme.html">About WTC 2023</a> / <a href="venue.html">Venue</a> / <a href="contact.html">Contact</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/popper.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/mdb.min.js"></script> <script src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/timer.js"></script> <script src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/ticker.js"></script> <script src="https://wtc2023turkey.org/js/vtic.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Animations initialization new WOW().init(); </script> </body> </html>