CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>View source for John Brademas - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2ebabb9d-01a6-46e7-9eb9-cad609b8a338","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"John_Brademas","wgTitle":"John Brademas","wgCurRevisionId":1243117093,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":2243833,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"edit","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"John_Brademas","wgRelevantArticleId":2243833,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0, "wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.charinsert.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.edit.collapsibleFooter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.charinsert","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession", "wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.charinsert.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/John_Brademas_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1568"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/John_Brademas_2.jpg/800px-John_Brademas_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1045"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/John_Brademas_2.jpg/640px-John_Brademas_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="836"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="View source for John Brademas - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brademas"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brademas"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-John_Brademas rootpage-John_Brademas skin-vector-2022 action-edit"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=John+Brademas&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=John+Brademas&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=John+Brademas&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=John+Brademas&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">View source for John Brademas</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Brademas" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:John_Brademas" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Brademas"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=edit" title="Edit this page"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Brademas"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/John_Brademas" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/John_Brademas" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DJohn_Brademas%26action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DJohn_Brademas%26action%3Dedit%26undo%3D815115233%26undoafter%3D814712976"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q533169" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/John_Brademas" title="John Brademas">John Brademas</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="error mw-undo-failure"><div class="mw-parser-output"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238441935">.mw-parser-output .fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{border:1px solid #bb7070;background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{background-color:#300}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{background-color:#300}}</style><table id="mw-undo-failure" class="plainlinks fmbox fmbox-warning" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Help:Undo" title="Help:Undo"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2c/Nuvola_actions_undo.png/40px-Nuvola_actions_undo.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2c/Nuvola_actions_undo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text">The edit could not be <a href="/wiki/Help:Undo" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Undo">undone</a> due to conflicting intermediate edits; if you wish to undo the change, it must be <a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">done manually</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><p>You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons: </p> <ul class="permissions-errors"><li class="mw-permissionerror-blockedtext"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> from <i>editing</i> Wikipedia.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:L235" title="User:L235">‪L235‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <div class="user-block colocation-webhost" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: #ffefd5; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding: 0.7em;"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/40px-Server-multiple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/60px-Server-multiple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/80px-Server-multiple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><b>The <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a <a href="/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">web host provider</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colocation_centre" title="Colocation centre">colocation provider</a>.</b> To prevent abuse, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked</a> from editing Wikipedia. <div style="border-top: 1px solid #AAA; clear: both">You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">proxy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPN</a>. <p><b>We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit.</b> For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in. </p><p>If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption#Requesting_and_granting_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">request an IP block exemption</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">appeal this block</a> by adding the following text on your <a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">talk page</a>: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Unblock" title="Template:Unblock">unblock</a>|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. <i>Place any further information here.</i> ~~~~}}</code>. <b>You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated.</b> Your IP address can be determined <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Get_my_IP_address?withJS=MediaWiki:Get-my-ip.js">here</a></b></span>. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">unblock ticket request system</a>. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.</div></div> <p><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="border:#707070 solid 1px;background-color:#ffe0e0;padding:2px"><b>Administrators:</b></span> The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exemption</a> user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CheckUser" title="Wikipedia:CheckUser">CheckUser</a> needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPI#Quick_CheckUser_requests" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPI">SPI Quick Checkuser Requests</a>. <b>Unblocking</b> an IP or IP range with this template <b>is highly discouraged</b> without at least contacting the blocking administrator.</span> </p> </div></div> </div> <p>This block will expire on 18:23, 24 August 2026. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even when blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Special:MyTalk">user talk page</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">email</a> administrators and other editors. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>For information on how to proceed, please read the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block#Common_questions" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">FAQ for blocked users</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">guideline on block appeals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">guide to appealing blocks</a> may also be helpful. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address range has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">globally blocked</a>.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{short description|American politician and educator (1927–2016)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2018}} {{more footnotes needed|date=February 2013}} {{Infobox officeholder |name = John Brademas |image = John Brademas 2.jpg |office = 13th [[List of Presidents of New York University|President of New York University]] |term_start = 1981 |term_end = 1991 |predecessor = [[Ivan L. Bennett Jr.]] (Acting) |successor = [[L. Jay Oliva]] |office1 = [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Majority Whip]] |leader1 = [[Tip O'Neill]] |term_start1 = January 3, 1977 |term_end1 = January 3, 1981 |predecessor1 = [[John J. McFall]] |successor1 = [[Tom Foley]] |office2 = [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Democratic Chief Deputy Whip]] |leader2 = [[Carl Albert]] |term_start2 = January 3, 1973 |term_end2 = January 3, 1977 |predecessor2 = Position established |successor2 = [[Dan Rostenkowski]] |state3 = [[Indiana]] |district3 = {{ushr|IN|3|3rd}} |term_start3 = January 3, 1959 |term_end3 = January 3, 1981 |predecessor3 = [[F. Jay Nimtz]] |successor3 = [[John P. Hiler]] |birth_name = Stephen John Brademas Jr. |birth_date = {{birth date|1927|3|2}} |birth_place = [[Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka]], [[Indiana]], [[United States|U.S.]] |death_date = {{Death date and age|2016|7|11|1927|3|2}} |death_place = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States|U.S.]] |resting_place = [[Congressional Cemetery]], Washington, D.C. |party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |education = [[Harvard University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Brasenose College, Oxford]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) |thesis_title = The Sinarquista Movement in Mexico: Its Implications for the United States |thesis_year = 1949 |branch = {{flag|United States Navy|23px}} |serviceyears = |battles = |module = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=House Majority Whip John Brademas on Balancing the FY1981 Federal Budget.ogg|title=John Brademas's voice|type=speech|description=Brademas on balancing the FY1981 federal budget<br/>Recorded March 19, 1980}} }} '''Stephen John Brademas Jr.''' (March 2, 1927 – July 11, 2016) was an American politician and educator originally from [[Indiana]]. He served as [[Party whips of the United States House of Representatives|Majority Whip of the United States House of Representatives]] for the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] from 1977 to 1981 at the conclusion of a twenty-year career as a member of the [[United States House of Representatives]]. In addition to his major legislative accomplishments, including much federal legislation pertaining to schools, arts, and the humanities, he served as the 13th president of [[New York University]] from 1981 to 1992, and was a member of and subsequently the chairman of the board of the [[Federal Reserve Bank of New York]]. In addition he was a board member of the [[New York Stock Exchange]] and the [[Rockefeller Foundation]]. ==Early life and career== The oldest of four children, Brademas was born in 1927 to Stephen John Brademas, a [[Greeks|Greek]] immigrant father, and the former Beatrice Goble, an American mother, in [[Mishawaka, Indiana]]. His father ran a restaurant and his mother was an elementary school teacher. He spent summers with his maternal grandfather, who was the state superintendent of schools in Canada, and possessed a large library. Brademas graduated as valedictorian from Central High School in [[South Bend, Indiana]]. He served two years in the U.S. Navy, stationed in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]. He attended [[Harvard University]], from which he graduated with an [[A.B.]] [[magna cum laude]] and [[Phi Beta Kappa]] and where he was affiliated with [[Adams House (Harvard University)|Adams House]]. His Harvard thesis, ''The Sinarquista Movement in Mexico: Its Implications for the United States,'' was published in April 1949. He won a [[Rhodes Scholar]]ship and attended [[Brasenose College, Oxford]], from which he received his [[D.Phil.]] in Social Studies. ==Congressional service== Brademas served as United States Representative in Congress from [[Indiana's 3rd congressional district]] for 22 years (1959–81), the last four as House majority whip. While in Congress he was a member of the [[United States House Committee on Education and Labor|Committee on Education and Labor]], where he played a leading role{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} in writing most of the federal legislation enacted during that time concerning schools, colleges and universities; services for the elderly and the handicapped; libraries and museums; and the arts and humanities. Brademas holds the distinction of being the first Greek-American member of Congress, preceding, among others, [[Olympia Snowe]], [[Paul Tsongas]] and [[Paul Sarbanes]]. Cosponsor of the 1965 legislation creating the [[National Endowment for the Arts]] (NEA) and the [[National Endowment for the Humanities]] (NEH), Brademas for ten years chaired the congressional subcommittee with jurisdiction over them. He was chief House sponsor of the Arts, Humanities and Cultural Affairs Act; Arts and Artifacts Indemnity Act; Museum Services Act; Library Services and Construction Act; National Commission on Libraries and Information Services Act; Education for All Handicapped Children Act; Alcohol and Drug Abuse Education Act; and International Education Act. He was also a major co-author of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965; the Higher Education Acts of 1972 and 1976, which focused on student aid; and the measure creating the [[National Institute of Education]]. In December 1963, the [[Studebaker Corporation]] closed its [[South Bend, Indiana]], automobile manufacturing plants, putting more than 5,000 people out of work. Brademas was instrumental{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} in helping the South Bend area recover from the Studebaker closing through his contacts in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]. In 1964, after receiving an $81&nbsp;million contract from the government, [[Kaiser Jeep Corporation]] purchased the Chippewa Avenue truck plant from Studebaker, and put a sizable number of people back to work building military and postal vehicles. Today, although the Chippewa plant is no longer in use, [[AM General]], successor to Kaiser Jeep and [[American Motors Corporation]], produces the military [[Humvee]] and the [[Hummer H1]] and [[Hummer H2|H2]] in [[Mishawaka, Indiana]], just east of South Bend. This would have been nearly impossible without the work of John Brademas in the mid-1960s.{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} Brademas was defeated for reelection on November 4, 1980, by Republican [[John Hiler]] in an outcome that was driven largely by the national political climate and the [[Ronald Reagan]] vs. [[Jimmy Carter]] presidential election campaign.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://amp.southbendtribune.com/amp/46223209 | author=Kevin Allen | newspaper=South Bend Tribune | title=Brademas obituary}}</ref> ==Career in education== After leaving Congress, Brademas moved to [[New York (state)|New York]] and served as president of [[New York University]] from 1981 to 1992. In 1990, he co-chaired the bipartisan independent commission mandated by Congress to review the grant-making procedures of the NEA. He was appointed by President [[Bill Clinton]] as chairman of the President's Committee on the Arts and the Humanities, and was also chairman of the National Endowment for Democracy, as well as a member of the Consultants' Panel to the [[Comptroller General of the United States]]. Film actress [[Paulette Goddard]] left her multimillion-dollar estate to [[New York University]] in large part due to her friendship with Brademas.{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} ==Foundations and boards== [[File:Brademas-Mauseleom-Congressional-Cem.jpg|thumb|John Brademas Mausoleum at [[Congressional Cemetery]]]] Brademas served on a number of boards and national commissions on subjects ranging from the arts to higher education, foreign policy, jobs and small business, historic documents and records, and science, technology and government. He was the chairman of the [[American Ditchley Foundation]] and co-chaired the Center for Science, Technology and Congress at the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] in Washington, D.C. Brademas served as chairman of the board of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as well as on the boards of [[Harvard Board of Overseers|Overseers of Harvard]], [[New York Stock Exchange]], [[Rockefeller Foundation]] and the Central Committee of the [[World Council of Churches]]. He is a fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and the [[Academy of Athens (modern)|Academy of Athens]]. He served on several corporate board as well as boards of the [[Alexander S. Onassis Foundation|Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation]], [[Americans for the Arts|American Council for the Arts]], [[Center for National Policy]] and the [[Queen Sofia Spanish Institute|Spanish Institute]]. Brademas was awarded honorary degrees by 47 colleges and universities. He also received the annual Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts of the [[American Academy of Arts and Letters|American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters]]. The [[Middle Common Room]] of [[Brasenose College]], [[Oxford]], is located in the Brademas Room, which is named in honor of Brademas. ==Later life== On October 3, 2011, the [[Juan Carlos I of Spain|King of Spain]] bestowed on John Brademas the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]], a Spanish civil order granted in recognition of services that benefit the country. Brademas died on July 11, 2016, at the age of 89.<ref name="southbendtribune">{{cite web|url=http://www.southbendtribune.com/news/politics/former-indiana-congressman-john-brademas-dies/article_30e8fa60-47a2-11e6-b3b5-f354c2576106.html|title=Former Indiana congressman John Brademas dies &#124; Government & Politics|website=southbendtribune.com|access-date=December 12, 2017}}</ref> He is interred at the [[Congressional Cemetery]]. He was survived by his wife Mary, a physician. ==Legacy== South Bend’s main [[United States Postal Service|post office]] was officially named the “John Brademas Post Office” in his honor. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category|John Brademas}} {{CongBio|B000736}} *[http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/archives/brademas_cong/index.html Guide to the John Brademas Congressional Papers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207100917/http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/archives/brademas_cong/index.html |date=February 7, 2015 }} by New York University * {{Internet Archive film clip|id=openmind_ep129|description="The Open Mind – A Congressman Looks at Education (1981)"}} * {{C-SPAN}} {{s-start}} {{s-par|us-hs}} {{s-bef|before=[[F. Jay Nimtz]]}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Indiana|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Indiana's 3rd congressional district]]|years=1959–1981}} {{s-aft|after=[[John P. Hiler]]}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[John J. McFall]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Majority Whip]]|years=1977–1981}} {{s-aft|after=[[Tom Foley]]}} |- {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=[[Mike Mansfield]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Response to the State of the Union address]]|years=1972|alongside=[[Carl Albert]], [[Lloyd Bentsen]], [[Hale Boggs]], [[Frank Church]], [[Thomas Eagleton]], [[Martha Griffiths]], [[John Melcher]], [[Ralph Metcalfe]], [[William Proxmire]], [[Leonor Sullivan]]}} {{s-vac|next=[[Mike Mansfield]]}} |- {{s-new|office}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Democratic Chief Deputy Whip]]|years=1973–1977}} {{s-aft|after=[[Dan Rostenkowski]]}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[John J. McFall]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Democratic Whip]]|years=1977–1981}} {{s-aft|after=[[Tom Foley]]}} |- {{s-aca}} {{s-bef|before=[[Ivan L. Bennett Jr.]]<br>(Acting)}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Presidents of New York University|President of New York University]]|years=1981–1991}} {{s-aft|after=[[L. Jay Oliva]]}} {{s-end}} {{USHouseMajWhip}} {{USHouseDemWhip}} {{New York University leaders |state=collapsed}} {{IndianaUSRepresentatives}} {{USCongRep-start|congresses= 86th-96th [[United States Congress]] |state=[[Indiana]]}} {{USCongRep/IN/86}} {{USCongRep/IN/87}} {{USCongRep/IN/88}} {{USCongRep/IN/89}} {{USCongRep/IN/90}} {{USCongRep/IN/91}} {{USCongRep/IN/92}} {{USCongRep/IN/93}} {{USCongRep/IN/94}} {{USCongRep/IN/95}} {{USCongRep/IN/96}} {{USCongRep-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brademas, John}} [[Category:1927 births]] [[Category:2016 deaths]] [[Category:Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford]] [[Category:20th-century Greek Americans]] [[Category:American Rhodes Scholars]] [[Category:American United Methodists]] [[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Indiana]] [[Category:Harvard University alumni]] [[Category:Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts]] [[Category:People from Mishawaka, Indiana]] [[Category:Chancellors and presidents of New York University]] [[Category:Saint Mary's College (Indiana) faculty]] [[Category:20th-century Methodists]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ambox" title="Template:Ambox">Template:Ambox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ambox&action=edit" title="Template:Ambox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Authority_control" title="Template:Authority control">Template:Authority control</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Authority_control&action=edit" title="Template:Authority control">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Biographical_Directory_of_Congress" title="Template:Biographical Directory of Congress">Template:Biographical Directory of Congress</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Biographical_Directory_of_Congress&action=edit" title="Template:Biographical Directory of Congress">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Birth_date" title="Template:Birth date">Template:Birth date</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Birth_date&action=edit" title="Template:Birth date">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Both" title="Template:Both">Template:Both</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Both&action=edit" title="Template:Both">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:C-SPAN" title="Template:C-SPAN">Template:C-SPAN</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:C-SPAN&action=edit" title="Template:C-SPAN">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Category_handler" title="Template:Category handler">Template:Category handler</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Category_handler&action=edit" title="Template:Category handler">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Template:Citation needed</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_needed&action=edit" title="Template:Citation needed">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Template:Cite news</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_news&action=edit" title="Template:Cite news">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">Template:Cite web</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=edit" title="Template:Cite web">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:CollegePrimaryStyle" title="Template:CollegePrimaryStyle">Template:CollegePrimaryStyle</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:CollegePrimaryStyle&action=edit" title="Template:CollegePrimaryStyle">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons_category" title="Template:Commons category">Template:Commons category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Commons_category&action=edit" title="Template:Commons category">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:CongBio" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CongBio">Template:CongBio</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:CongBio&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CongBio">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Count" title="Template:Count">Template:Count</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Count&action=edit" title="Template:Count">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Country2nationality" title="Template:Country2nationality">Template:Country2nationality</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Country2nationality&action=edit" title="Template:Country2nationality">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Country_data_United_States_Navy" title="Template:Country data United States Navy">Template:Country data United States Navy</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Country_data_United_States_Navy&action=edit" title="Template:Country data United States Navy">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:DMCA" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:DMCA">Template:DMCA</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:DMCA&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:DMCA">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dated_maintenance_category" title="Template:Dated maintenance category">Template:Dated maintenance category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dated_maintenance_category&action=edit" title="Template:Dated maintenance category">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dated_maintenance_category_(articles)" title="Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)">Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dated_maintenance_category_(articles)&action=edit" title="Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Death_date_and_age" title="Template:Death date and age">Template:Death date and age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Death_date_and_age&action=edit" title="Template:Death date and age">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Delink" title="Template:Delink">Template:Delink</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Delink&action=edit" title="Template:Delink">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Delink_question_hyphen-minus" title="Template:Delink question hyphen-minus">Template:Delink question hyphen-minus</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Delink_question_hyphen-minus&action=edit" title="Template:Delink question hyphen-minus">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Detect_singular" title="Template:Detect singular">Template:Detect singular</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Detect_singular&action=edit" title="Template:Detect singular">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:EditAtWikidata" title="Template:EditAtWikidata">Template:EditAtWikidata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:EditAtWikidata&action=edit" title="Template:EditAtWikidata">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:En_dash_range" title="Template:En dash range">Template:En dash range</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:En_dash_range&action=edit" title="Template:En dash range">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME" title="Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME">Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME&action=edit" title="Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Find_country" title="Template:Find country">Template:Find country</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Find_country&action=edit" title="Template:Find country">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Fix" title="Template:Fix">Template:Fix</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Fix&action=edit" title="Template:Fix">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Fix/category" title="Template:Fix/category">Template:Fix/category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Fix/category&action=edit" title="Template:Fix/category">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Flag" title="Template:Flag">Template:Flag</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Flag&action=edit" title="Template:Flag">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Flag/core" title="Template:Flag/core">Template:Flag/core</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Flag/core&action=edit" title="Template:Flag/core">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Flatlist" title="Template:Flatlist">Template:Flatlist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Flatlist&action=edit" title="Template:Flatlist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hanging_indent" title="Template:Hanging indent">Template:Hanging indent</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Hanging_indent&action=edit" title="Template:Hanging indent">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hlist/styles.css" title="Template:Hlist/styles.css">Template:Hlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Hlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Hlist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:IndianaUSRepresentatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:IndianaUSRepresentatives">Template:IndianaUSRepresentatives</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:IndianaUSRepresentatives&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:IndianaUSRepresentatives">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_officeholder" title="Template:Infobox officeholder">Template:Infobox officeholder</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_officeholder&action=edit" title="Template:Infobox officeholder">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_officeholder/office" title="Template:Infobox officeholder/office">Template:Infobox officeholder/office</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_officeholder/office&action=edit" title="Template:Infobox officeholder/office">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet_Archive_film_clip" title="Template:Internet Archive film clip">Template:Internet Archive film clip</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Internet_Archive_film_clip&action=edit" title="Template:Internet Archive film clip">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Listen" title="Template:Listen">Template:Listen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Listen&action=edit" title="Template:Listen">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:MONTHNAME" title="Template:MONTHNAME">Template:MONTHNAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:MONTHNAME&action=edit" title="Template:MONTHNAME">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:MONTHNUMBER" title="Template:MONTHNUMBER">Template:MONTHNUMBER</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:MONTHNUMBER&action=edit" title="Template:MONTHNUMBER">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Main_other" title="Template:Main other">Template:Main other</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Main_other&action=edit" title="Template:Main other">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:More_footnotes_needed" title="Template:More footnotes needed">Template:More footnotes needed</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:More_footnotes_needed&action=edit" title="Template:More footnotes needed">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Namespace_detect" title="Template:Namespace detect">Template:Namespace detect</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Namespace_detect&action=edit" title="Template:Namespace detect">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox" title="Template:Navbox">Template:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Navbox&action=edit" title="Template:Navbox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_bottom" title="Template:Navbox bottom">Template:Navbox bottom</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Navbox_bottom&action=edit" title="Template:Navbox bottom">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_top" title="Template:Navbox top">Template:Navbox top</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Navbox_top&action=edit" title="Template:Navbox top">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nbhyph" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Nbhyph">Template:Nbhyph</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Nbhyph&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Nbhyph">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_University_leaders" title="Template:New York University leaders">Template:New York University leaders</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:New_York_University_leaders&action=edit" title="Template:New York University leaders">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobold" title="Template:Nobold">Template:Nobold</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Nobold&action=edit" title="Template:Nobold">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobold/styles.css" title="Template:Nobold/styles.css">Template:Nobold/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Nobold/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Nobold/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Non_breaking_hyphen" title="Template:Non breaking hyphen">Template:Non breaking hyphen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Non_breaking_hyphen&action=edit" title="Template:Non breaking hyphen">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nowrap" title="Template:Nowrap">Template:Nowrap</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Nowrap&action=edit" title="Template:Nowrap">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ns_has_subpages" title="Template:Ns has subpages">Template:Ns has subpages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ns_has_subpages&action=edit" title="Template:Ns has subpages">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ordinal" title="Template:Ordinal">Template:Ordinal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ordinal&action=edit" title="Template:Ordinal">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:PAGENAMEBASE" title="Template:PAGENAMEBASE">Template:PAGENAMEBASE</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:PAGENAMEBASE&action=edit" title="Template:PAGENAMEBASE">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Pagetype" title="Template:Pagetype">Template:Pagetype</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Pagetype&action=edit" title="Template:Pagetype">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Party_stripe" title="Template:Party stripe">Template:Party stripe</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Party_stripe&action=edit" title="Template:Party stripe">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Plainlist/styles.css" title="Template:Plainlist/styles.css">Template:Plainlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Plainlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Plainlist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">Template:Reflist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Reflist&action=edit" title="Template:Reflist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist/styles.css" title="Template:Reflist/styles.css">Template:Reflist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Reflist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Reflist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Replace" title="Template:Replace">Template:Replace</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Replace&action=edit" title="Template:Replace">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-aca" title="Template:S-aca">Template:S-aca</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-aca&action=edit" title="Template:S-aca">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-aft" title="Template:S-aft">Template:S-aft</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-aft&action=edit" title="Template:S-aft">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-aft/check" title="Template:S-aft/check">Template:S-aft/check</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-aft/check&action=edit" title="Template:S-aft/check">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-aft/filter" title="Template:S-aft/filter">Template:S-aft/filter</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-aft/filter&action=edit" title="Template:S-aft/filter">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-bef" title="Template:S-bef">Template:S-bef</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-bef&action=edit" title="Template:S-bef">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-bef/check" title="Template:S-bef/check">Template:S-bef/check</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-bef/check&action=edit" title="Template:S-bef/check">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-bef/filter" title="Template:S-bef/filter">Template:S-bef/filter</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-bef/filter&action=edit" title="Template:S-bef/filter">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-end" title="Template:S-end">Template:S-end</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-end&action=edit" title="Template:S-end">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-new" title="Template:S-new">Template:S-new</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-new&action=edit" title="Template:S-new">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-par" title="Template:S-par">Template:S-par</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-par&action=edit" title="Template:S-par">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-par/us-hs" title="Template:S-par/us-hs">Template:S-par/us-hs</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-par/us-hs&action=edit" title="Template:S-par/us-hs">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-ppo" title="Template:S-ppo">Template:S-ppo</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-ppo&action=edit" title="Template:S-ppo">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-start" title="Template:S-start">Template:S-start</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-start&action=edit" title="Template:S-start">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-ttl" title="Template:S-ttl">Template:S-ttl</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-ttl&action=edit" title="Template:S-ttl">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-ttl/check" title="Template:S-ttl/check">Template:S-ttl/check</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-ttl/check&action=edit" title="Template:S-ttl/check">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:S-vac" title="Template:S-vac">Template:S-vac</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:S-vac&action=edit" title="Template:S-vac">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:SDcat" title="Template:SDcat">Template:SDcat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:SDcat&action=edit" title="Template:SDcat">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:SfnRef" title="Template:SfnRef">Template:SfnRef</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:SfnRef&action=edit" title="Template:SfnRef">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Template:Short description</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Short_description&action=edit" title="Template:Short description">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck" title="Template:Short description/lowercasecheck">Template:Short description/lowercasecheck</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck&action=edit" title="Template:Short description/lowercasecheck">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Side_box" title="Template:Side box">Template:Side box</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Side_box&action=edit" title="Template:Side box">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sister_project" title="Template:Sister project">Template:Sister project</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Sister_project&action=edit" title="Template:Sister project">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sister_project/styles.css" title="Template:Sister project/styles.css">Template:Sister project/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Sister_project/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Sister project/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Str_%E2%89%A5_len" title="Template:Str ≥ len">Template:Str ≥ len</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Str_%E2%89%A5_len&action=edit" title="Template:Str ≥ len">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Strfind_short" title="Template:Strfind short">Template:Strfind short</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Strfind_short&action=edit" title="Template:Strfind short">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Tooltip" title="Template:Tooltip">Template:Tooltip</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Tooltip&action=edit" title="Template:Tooltip">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Tooltip/styles.css" title="Template:Tooltip/styles.css">Template:Tooltip/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Tooltip/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Tooltip/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Trim" title="Template:Trim">Template:Trim</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Trim&action=edit" title="Template:Trim">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:U.S._House_of_Representatives_abbreviation" title="Template:U.S. House of Representatives abbreviation">Template:U.S. House of Representatives abbreviation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:U.S._House_of_Representatives_abbreviation&action=edit" title="Template:U.S. House of Representatives abbreviation">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-end" title="Template:USCongRep-end">Template:USCongRep-end</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep-end&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep-end">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-row" title="Template:USCongRep-row">Template:USCongRep-row</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep-row&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep-row">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start">Template:USCongRep-start</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep-start&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep-start">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/86" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/86">Template:USCongRep/IN/86</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/86&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/86">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/87" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/87">Template:USCongRep/IN/87</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/87&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/87">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/88" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/88">Template:USCongRep/IN/88</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/88&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/88">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/89" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/89">Template:USCongRep/IN/89</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/89&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/89">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/90" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/90">Template:USCongRep/IN/90</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/90&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/90">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/91" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/91">Template:USCongRep/IN/91</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/91&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/91">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/92" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/92">Template:USCongRep/IN/92</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/92&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/92">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/93" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/93">Template:USCongRep/IN/93</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/93&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/93">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/94" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/94">Template:USCongRep/IN/94</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/94&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/94">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/95" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/95">Template:USCongRep/IN/95</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/95&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/95">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep/IN/96" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/96">Template:USCongRep/IN/96</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongRep/IN/96&action=edit" title="Template:USCongRep/IN/96">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongressOrdinal" title="Template:USCongressOrdinal">Template:USCongressOrdinal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongressOrdinal&action=edit" title="Template:USCongressOrdinal">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongressOrdinal/code" title="Template:USCongressOrdinal/code">Template:USCongressOrdinal/code</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USCongressOrdinal/code&action=edit" title="Template:USCongressOrdinal/code">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USHouseDemWhip" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:USHouseDemWhip">Template:USHouseDemWhip</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USHouseDemWhip&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:USHouseDemWhip">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USHouseMajWhip" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:USHouseMajWhip">Template:USHouseMajWhip</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:USHouseMajWhip&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:USHouseMajWhip">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_Democratic_whips" title="Template:US House Democratic whips">Template:US House Democratic whips</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:US_House_Democratic_whips&action=edit" title="Template:US House Democratic whips">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_majority_whips" title="Template:US House majority whips">Template:US House majority whips</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:US_House_majority_whips&action=edit" title="Template:US House majority whips">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:US_State_Abbrev" title="Template:US State Abbrev">Template:US State Abbrev</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:US_State_Abbrev&action=edit" title="Template:US State Abbrev">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="Template:United States representatives from Indiana">Template:United States representatives from Indiana</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:United_States_representatives_from_Indiana&action=edit" title="Template:United States representatives from Indiana">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Use_mdy_dates" title="Template:Use mdy dates">Template:Use mdy dates</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Use_mdy_dates&action=edit" title="Template:Use mdy dates">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ushr" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Ushr">Template:Ushr</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ushr&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Ushr">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Webarchive" title="Template:Webarchive">Template:Webarchive</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Webarchive&action=edit" title="Template:Webarchive">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikidata" title="Template:Wikidata">Template:Wikidata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikidata&action=edit" title="Template:Wikidata">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Yesno" title="Template:Yesno">Template:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Yesno&action=edit" title="Template:Yesno">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Yesno-no" title="Template:Yesno-no">Template:Yesno-no</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Yesno-no&action=edit" title="Template:Yesno-no">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Yesno-yes" title="Template:Yesno-yes">Template:Yesno-yes</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Yesno-yes&action=edit" title="Template:Yesno-yes">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Age" title="Module:Age">Module:Age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Age&action=edit" title="Module:Age">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Arguments" title="Module:Arguments">Module:Arguments</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Arguments&action=edit" title="Module:Arguments">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control" title="Module:Authority control">Module:Authority control</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control/auxiliary" title="Module:Authority control/auxiliary">Module:Authority control/auxiliary</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control/auxiliary&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control/auxiliary">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control/config" title="Module:Authority control/config">Module:Authority control/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control/config&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control/config">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler" title="Module:Category handler">Module:Category handler</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/blacklist" title="Module:Category handler/blacklist">Module:Category handler/blacklist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/blacklist&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/blacklist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/config" title="Module:Category handler/config">Module:Category handler/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/config&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/data" title="Module:Category handler/data">Module:Category handler/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/data&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/data">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/shared" title="Module:Category handler/shared">Module:Category handler/shared</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/shared&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/shared">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters" title="Module:Check for unknown parameters">Module:Check for unknown parameters</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters&action=edit" title="Module:Check for unknown parameters">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1" title="Module:Citation/CS1">Module:Citation/CS1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/COinS" title="Module:Citation/CS1/COinS">Module:Citation/CS1/COinS</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/COinS&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/COinS">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration">Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation">Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers">Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities">Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist">Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css" title="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css">Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:College_color" title="Module:College color">Module:College color</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:College_color&action=edit" title="Module:College color">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:College_color/data" title="Module:College color/data">Module:College color/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:College_color/data&action=edit" title="Module:College color/data">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Country2nationality" title="Module:Country2nationality">Module:Country2nationality</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Country2nationality&action=edit" title="Module:Country2nationality">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Date" title="Module:Date">Module:Date</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Date&action=edit" title="Module:Date">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Delink" title="Module:Delink">Module:Delink</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Delink&action=edit" title="Module:Delink">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Detect_singular" title="Module:Detect singular">Module:Detect singular</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Detect_singular&action=edit" title="Module:Detect singular">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Disambiguation/templates" title="Module:Disambiguation/templates">Module:Disambiguation/templates</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Disambiguation/templates&action=edit" title="Module:Disambiguation/templates">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:EditAtWikidata" title="Module:EditAtWikidata">Module:EditAtWikidata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:EditAtWikidata&action=edit" title="Module:EditAtWikidata">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:File_link" title="Module:File link">Module:File link</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:File_link&action=edit" title="Module:File link">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Find_country" title="Module:Find country">Module:Find country</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Find_country&action=edit" title="Module:Find country">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Footnotes" title="Module:Footnotes">Module:Footnotes</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Footnotes&action=edit" title="Module:Footnotes">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:ISO_3166" title="Module:ISO 3166">Module:ISO 3166</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:ISO_3166&action=edit" title="Module:ISO 3166">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:ISO_3166/data/National" title="Module:ISO 3166/data/National">Module:ISO 3166/data/National</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:ISO_3166/data/National&action=edit" title="Module:ISO 3166/data/National">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Infobox" title="Module:Infobox">Module:Infobox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Infobox&action=edit" title="Module:Infobox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Infobox/styles.css" title="Module:Infobox/styles.css">Module:Infobox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Infobox/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Infobox/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:InfoboxImage" title="Module:InfoboxImage">Module:InfoboxImage</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:InfoboxImage&action=edit" title="Module:InfoboxImage">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Iso2nationality" title="Module:Iso2nationality">Module:Iso2nationality</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Iso2nationality&action=edit" title="Module:Iso2nationality">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:List" title="Module:List">Module:List</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:List&action=edit" title="Module:List">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Listen" title="Module:Listen">Module:Listen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Listen&action=edit" title="Module:Listen">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Listen/styles.css" title="Module:Listen/styles.css">Module:Listen/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Listen/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Listen/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Message_box" title="Module:Message box">Module:Message box</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Message_box&action=edit" title="Module:Message box">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Message_box/ambox.css" title="Module:Message box/ambox.css">Module:Message box/ambox.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Message_box/ambox.css&action=edit" title="Module:Message box/ambox.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Message_box/configuration" title="Module:Message box/configuration">Module:Message box/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Message_box/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Message box/configuration">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:MultiReplace" title="Module:MultiReplace">Module:MultiReplace</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:MultiReplace&action=edit" title="Module:MultiReplace">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Namespace_detect" title="Module:Namespace detect">Module:Namespace detect</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Namespace_detect&action=edit" title="Module:Namespace detect">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Namespace_detect/config" title="Module:Namespace detect/config">Module:Namespace detect/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Namespace_detect/config&action=edit" title="Module:Namespace detect/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Namespace_detect/data" title="Module:Namespace detect/data">Module:Namespace detect/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Namespace_detect/data&action=edit" title="Module:Namespace detect/data">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar" title="Module:Navbar">Module:Navbar</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar/configuration" title="Module:Navbar/configuration">Module:Navbar/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar/configuration">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar/styles.css" title="Module:Navbar/styles.css">Module:Navbar/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox" title="Module:Navbox">Module:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox/configuration" title="Module:Navbox/configuration">Module:Navbox/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox/configuration">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox/styles.css" title="Module:Navbox/styles.css">Module:Navbox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox_top_and_bottom" title="Module:Navbox top and bottom">Module:Navbox top and bottom</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox_top_and_bottom&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox top and bottom">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Ns_has_subpages" title="Module:Ns has subpages">Module:Ns has subpages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Ns_has_subpages&action=edit" title="Module:Ns has subpages">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Ordinal" title="Module:Ordinal">Module:Ordinal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Ordinal&action=edit" title="Module:Ordinal">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype" title="Module:Pagetype">Module:Pagetype</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/config" title="Module:Pagetype/config">Module:Pagetype/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/config&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/disambiguation" class="mw-redirect" title="Module:Pagetype/disambiguation">Module:Pagetype/disambiguation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/disambiguation&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Module:Pagetype/disambiguation">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/rfd" title="Module:Pagetype/rfd">Module:Pagetype/rfd</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/rfd&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/rfd">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/setindex" title="Module:Pagetype/setindex">Module:Pagetype/setindex</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/setindex&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/setindex">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/softredirect" title="Module:Pagetype/softredirect">Module:Pagetype/softredirect</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/softredirect&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/softredirect">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:ParameterCount" title="Module:ParameterCount">Module:ParameterCount</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:ParameterCount&action=edit" title="Module:ParameterCount">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Plain_text" title="Module:Plain text">Module:Plain text</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Plain_text&action=edit" title="Module:Plain text">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Political_party" title="Module:Political party">Module:Political party</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Political_party&action=edit" title="Module:Political party">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Political_party/D" title="Module:Political party/D">Module:Political party/D</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Political_party/D&action=edit" title="Module:Political party/D">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Political_party/R" title="Module:Political party/R">Module:Political party/R</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Political_party/R&action=edit" title="Module:Political party/R">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:SDcat" title="Module:SDcat">Module:SDcat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:SDcat&action=edit" title="Module:SDcat">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Separated_entries" title="Module:Separated entries">Module:Separated entries</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Separated_entries&action=edit" title="Module:Separated entries">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Side_box" title="Module:Side box">Module:Side box</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Side_box&action=edit" title="Module:Side box">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Side_box/styles.css" title="Module:Side box/styles.css">Module:Side box/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Side_box/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Side box/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Sortkey" title="Module:Sortkey">Module:Sortkey</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Sortkey&action=edit" title="Module:Sortkey">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:String" title="Module:String">Module:String</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:String&action=edit" title="Module:String">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:TableTools" title="Module:TableTools">Module:TableTools</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:TableTools&action=edit" title="Module:TableTools">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Text" title="Module:Text">Module:Text</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Text&action=edit" title="Module:Text">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Unsubst" title="Module:Unsubst">Module:Unsubst</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Unsubst&action=edit" title="Module:Unsubst">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Wd" title="Module:Wd">Module:Wd</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Wd&action=edit" title="Module:Wd">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Wd/i18n" title="Module:Wd/i18n">Module:Wd/i18n</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Wd/i18n&action=edit" title="Module:Wd/i18n">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Webarchive" title="Module:Webarchive">Module:Webarchive</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Webarchive&action=edit" title="Module:Webarchive">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Webarchive/data" title="Module:Webarchive/data">Module:Webarchive/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Webarchive/data&action=edit" title="Module:Webarchive/data">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB" title="Module:WikidataIB">Module:WikidataIB</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB/nolinks" title="Module:WikidataIB/nolinks">Module:WikidataIB/nolinks</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB/nolinks&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB/nolinks">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB/titleformats" title="Module:WikidataIB/titleformats">Module:WikidataIB/titleformats</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB/titleformats&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB/titleformats">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Wikitext_Parsing" title="Module:Wikitext Parsing">Module:Wikitext Parsing</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Wikitext_Parsing&action=edit" title="Module:Wikitext Parsing">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Yesno" title="Module:Yesno">Module:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Yesno&action=edit" title="Module:Yesno">view source</a>) (protected)</li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/John_Brademas" title="John Brademas">John Brademas</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brademas">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brademas</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Brademas&action=edit&undo=815115233&undoafter=814712976&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-jmmsq","wgBackendResponseTime":1127,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.066","walltime":"0.533","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 500.785 1 -total"," 99.98% 500.689 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 82.24% 411.832 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 50.05% 250.627 1 Template:Hidden"," 15.38% 77.040 2 Template:Replace"," 9.19% 45.998 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 2.35% 11.792 1 Template:Tlx"," 0.35% 1.744 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 0.29% 1.450 1 Template:Hidden_end"," 0.24% 1.188 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.013","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043308,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-jmmsq","timestamp":"20241129043916","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>