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class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="เมนูหลัก" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เมนูหลัก" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เมนูหลัก</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เมนูหลัก</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การนำทาง </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" title="เยี่ยมชมหน้าหลัก [z]" accesskey="z"><span>หน้าหลัก</span></a></li><li id="n-ask" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1"><span>ถามคำถาม</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ค้นหาข้อมูลเบื้องหลังในเหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน"><span>เหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="โหลดหน้าแบบสุ่ม [x]" accesskey="x"><span>สุ่มบทความ</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ทำความรู้จักวิกิพีเดีย"><span>เกี่ยวกับวิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="วิธีการติดต่อวิกิพีเดีย"><span>ติดต่อเรา</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> มีส่วนร่วม </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D" title="ข้อแนะนำการใช้และแก้ไขวิกิพีเดีย"><span>คำอธิบาย</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99"><span>เริ่มต้นเขียน</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="เกี่ยวกับโครงการ สิ่งที่คุณทำได้ และวิธีการค้นหา"><span>ศาลาประชาคม</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในวิกินี้ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ปรับปรุงล่าสุด</span></a></li><li id="n-discord" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94"><span>ดิสคอร์ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="วิกิพีเดีย" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-th.svg" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 1.6875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="สารานุกรมเสรี" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-th.svg" width="100" height="18" style="width: 6.25em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ค้นหา</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="เปลี่ยนหน้าตาของขนาดอักษร ความกว้าง และสีของหน้า" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-นิยาม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#นิยาม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>นิยาม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-นิยาม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ประวัติ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ประวัติ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ประวัติ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ประวัติ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="สารบัญ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">องศาเซลเซียส</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 111 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">111 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – แอฟริกานส์" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="แอฟริกานส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius – เยอรมันสวิส" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Grad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันสวิส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_Celsius" title="Grau Celsius – อารากอน" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grau Celsius" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="อารากอน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="درجة حرارة مئوية – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="درجة حرارة مئوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3" title="درجة سيلسيوس – อาหรับโมร็อกโก" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="درجة سيلسيوس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="อาหรับโมร็อกโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_Celsius" title="Grau Celsius – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Grau Celsius" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selsi_%C5%9Fkalas%C4%B1" title="Selsi şkalası – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Selsi şkalası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سلسیوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سلسیوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – บาหลี" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="บาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Градус Цэльсія – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Градус Цэльсія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Градус Цэльсія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Градус Цэльсія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Градус Целзий – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Градус Целзий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="সেলসিয়াস – บังกลา" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেলসিয়াস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="บังกลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="སེ་དྲོད། – ทิเบต" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སེ་དྲོད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ทิเบต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derez_Celsius" title="Derez Celsius – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Derez Celsius" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celzijev_stepen" title="Celzijev stepen – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Celzijev stepen" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_Celsius" title="Grau Celsius – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grau Celsius" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%A4_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%9F%E1%8E%B6%E1%8E%A5" title="ᎠᏤ ᎠᏟᎶᎥ – เชอโรกี" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏤ ᎠᏟᎶᎥ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="เชอโรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="پلەی سەدی – เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پلەی سەدی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupe%C5%88_Celsia" title="Stupeň Celsia – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stupeň Celsia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%C4%95" title="Цельсий градусĕ – ชูวัช" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Цельсий градусĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ชูวัช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – เวลส์" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="เวลส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Κλίμακα Κελσίου – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κλίμακα Κελσίου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_de_Celsio" title="Grado de Celsio – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grado de Celsio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grado Celsius" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiuse_skaala" title="Celsiuse skaala – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Celsiuse skaala" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius_gradu" title="Celsius gradu – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Celsius gradu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سلسیوس – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلسیوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความแนะนำ"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiusaste" title="Celsiusaste – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Celsiusaste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiusstigin" title="Celsiusstigin – แฟโร" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Celsiusstigin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="แฟโร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degr%C3%A9_Celsius" title="Degré Celsius – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Degré Celsius" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graad_Celsius" title="Graad Celsius – ฟริเซียนเหนือ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Graad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%A1la_teochta_Celsius" title="Scála teochta Celsius – ไอริช" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Scála teochta Celsius" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ไอริช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F" title="攝氏 – จีนกั้น" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="攝氏" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="จีนกั้น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%96%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1" title="מעלות צלזיוס – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעלות צלזיוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="सेल्सियस – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेल्सियस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celzij" title="Celzij – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Celzij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degre_S%C3%A8lsiyis" title="Degre Sèlsiyis – เฮติครีโอล" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Degre Sèlsiyis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="เฮติครีโอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius-sk%C3%A1la" title="Celsius-skála – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Celsius-skála" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Ցելսիուսի սանդղակ – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցելսիուսի սանդղակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius – อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Grado Celsius" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius – อีโด" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grado Celsius" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="อีโด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sels%C3%ADus" title="Selsíus – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Selsíus" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grado Celsius" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E5%BA%A6" title="セルシウス度 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セルシウス度" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selsios" title="Selsios – อังกฤษคลีโอลจาเมกา" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Selsios" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษคลีโอลจาเมกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jacke%27o" title="jacke'o – โลชบัน" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jacke'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="โลชบัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ცელსიუსი – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცელსიუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%AD%EC%94%A8" title="섭씨 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="섭씨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pileya_Celsius" title="Pileya Celsius – เคิร์ด" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pileya Celsius" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradus_Celsianus" title="Gradus Celsianus – ละติน" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gradus Celsianus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ละติน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius – ลักเซมเบิร์ก" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Grad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ลักเซมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiussjaol" title="Celsiussjaol – ลิมเบิร์ก" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Celsiussjaol" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ลิมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsijus" title="Celsijus – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Celsijus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsija_gr%C4%81ds" title="Celsija grāds – ลัตเวีย" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Celsija grāds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเวีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Целзиусов степен – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Целзиусов степен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സെൽഷ്യസ് – มาลายาลัม" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെൽഷ്യസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="มาลายาลัม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81" title="Цельсийн градус – มองโกเลีย" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цельсийн градус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="มองโกเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="सेल्सियस – มราฐี" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सेल्सियस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="มราฐี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_Celsius" title="Grau Celsius – มีรันดา" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Grau Celsius" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="มีรันดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ဆဲလ်စီးယပ်စ် – พม่า" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆဲလ်စီးယပ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="พม่า" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius – เยอรมันต่ำ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Grad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันต่ำ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – แซกซอนใต้" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="แซกซอนใต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_celsius" title="Grad celsius – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grad celsius" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gra_Celsius" title="Gra Celsius – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gra Celsius" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B8" title="ਸੈਲਸੀਅਸ – ปัญจาบ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੈਲਸੀਅਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ปัญจาบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ปังกาซีนัน" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="ปังกาซีนัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ปาเปียเมนโต" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="ปาเปียเมนโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_Celsjusza" title="Skala Celsjusza – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skala Celsjusza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_Celsius" title="Scala Celsius – พีดมอนต์" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Scala Celsius" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="พีดมอนต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B3" title="سیلسیئس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیلسیئس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_Celsius" title="Grau Celsius – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grau Celsius" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Градус Цельсия – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Градус Цельсия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradu_cintigradu" title="Gradu cintigradu – ซิซิลี" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gradu cintigradu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ซิซิลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – สกอตส์" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="สกอตส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celzijus" title="Celzijus – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Celzijus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="සෙල්සියස් – สิงหล" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෙල්සියස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="สิงหล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupe%C5%88_Celzia" title="Stupeň Celzia – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stupeň Celzia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celzijeva_temperaturna_lestvica" title="Celzijeva temperaturna lestvica – สโลวีเนีย" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Celzijeva temperaturna lestvica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="สโลวีเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celcius" title="Celcius – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Celcius" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Степен целзијуса – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Степен целзијуса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ซุนดา" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ซุนดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grad Celsius" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selsiasi" title="Selsiasi – สวาฮีลี" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Selsiasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="สวาฮีลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="செல்சியசு – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செல்சியசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="సెల్సియస్ – เตลูกู" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సెల్సియస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="เตลูกู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Градус Цельсія – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Градус Цельсія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="سیلسیس – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیلسیس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selsiy_shkalasi" title="Selsiy shkalasi – อุซเบก" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Selsiy shkalasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="อุซเบก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius – เวเนโต้" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Grado Celsius" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="เวเนโต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99_Celsius" title="Độ Celsius – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Độ Celsius" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius – เฟลมิชตะวันตก" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Celsius" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="เฟลมิชตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentigrado" title="Sentigrado – วาเรย์" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sentigrado" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="วาเรย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="摄氏温标" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="摄氏度 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="摄氏度" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liap-s%C4%AB" title="Liap-sī – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liap-sī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F" title="攝氏 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="攝氏" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;background:;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">องศาเซลเซียส</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Pakkanen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pakkanen.jpg/220px-Pakkanen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="601" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pakkanen.jpg/330px-Pakkanen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pakkanen.jpg/440px-Pakkanen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="2133" /></a></span><div><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เทอร์มอมิเตอร์">เทอร์มอมิเตอร์</a>ในหน่วยองศาเซลเซียส</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">ข้อมูลทั่วไป</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="ระบบการวัด">ระบบการวัด</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD" title="หน่วยอนุพัทธ์เอสไอ">หน่วยอนุพัทธ์เอสไอ</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">เป็นหน่วยของ</th><td>อุณหภูมิ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">สัญลักษณ์</th><td>°C </td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ตั้งชื่อตาม</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส">อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">การแปลงหน่วย </th></tr><tr class="nowrap"><td><i>1 °C ใน ...</i></td><td><i>... มีค่าเท่ากับ ...</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><span class="nowrap">   </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD" title="หน่วยฐานเอสไอ">หน่วยฐานเอสไอ</a></th><td><span class="nowrap">   </span><span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> + 273.15 <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เคลวิน">K</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><span class="nowrap">   </span>หน่วย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="หน่วยวัดแบบอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หน่วยตามธรรมเนียมสหรัฐ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ธรรมเนียมสหรัฐ</a></th><td><span class="nowrap">   </span><span class="sfrac nowrap" style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:-0.5em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; text-indent:0;"><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em;">9</span><span style="display:none;">/</span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em; border-top:1px solid;">5</span></span><span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> + 32 <a href="/wiki/%C2%B0F" class="mw-redirect" title="°F">°F</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>องศาเซลเซียส</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">degree Celsius</span>, สัญลักษณ์ °C) หรือที่เคยเรียกว่า <b>องศาเซนติเกรด</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">degree centigrade</span>) เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="หน่วยวัด">หน่วยวัด</a><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4" title="อุณหภูมิ">อุณหภูมิ</a>หน่วยหนึ่งใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ระบบเอสไอ">ระบบเอสไอ</a> กำหนดให้<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%87" class="mw-redirect" title="จุดเยือกแข็ง">จุดเยือกแข็ง</a>ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3" title="น้ำ">น้ำ</a>คือ 0 °C และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94" title="จุดเดือด">จุดเดือด</a>คือ 100 °C โดยตั้งชื่อเพื่อเป็นเกียรติแก่<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส">อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส</a> ผู้ซึ่งสร้างระบบใกล้เคียงกับปัจจุบัน </p><p>ในปัจจุบันองศาเซลเซียสใช้กับแพร่หลายทั่วโลกในชีวิตประจำวัน จะยกเว้นก็มี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="mw-redirect" title="สหรัฐ">สหรัฐ</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศจาเมกา">ประเทศจาเมกา</a>เท่านั้นที่นิยมใช้หน่วยองศาฟาเรนไฮต์ แต่ในประเทศดังกล่าว องศาเซลเซียสและเคลวินก็ใช้มากในด้านวิทยาศาสตร์ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="นิยาม"><span id=".E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A1"></span>นิยาม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: นิยาม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>นิยามขององศาเซลเซียสนิยามจากหน่วยเคลวิน โดยที่ขนาดของสเกลหน่วยองศาเซลเซียสจะเท่ากับของเคลวิน กำหนดให้อุณหภูมิที่จุด<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ศูนย์องศาสัมบูรณ์">ศูนย์องศาสัมบูรณ์</a>มีค่าเท่ากับ -273.15 °C </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ประวัติ"><span id=".E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4"></span>ประวัติ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ประวัติ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Celsius_original_thermometer.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Celsius_original_thermometer.png/50px-Celsius_original_thermometer.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Celsius_original_thermometer.png 1.5x" data-file-width="63" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>ภาพวาดเทอร์มอมิเตอร์ของอันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส ที่กลับจุดเดือดเป็น 0 องศา และจุดเยือกแข็งเป็น 100 องศา</figcaption></figure> <p>หน่วยนี้ตั้งตามชื่อของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส">อันเดิช เซ็ลซิอุส</a> (มีชีวิตอยู่ระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1701–1744) นักดาราศาสตร์ชาวสวีเดน เขาเป็นคนแรกที่เสนอระบบที่ใกล้เคียงกับระบบนี้ในปี <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2285" title="พ.ศ. 2285">พ.ศ. 2285</a> (ค.ศ. 1742) โดยใช้ชื่อว่า <i>เซนติเกรด</i> ซึ่งมาจากภาษาละติน <i>centum</i> ที่แปลว่า 100 และ <i>gradus</i> ที่แปลว่าขั้น แต่แรกกำหนดให้อุณหภูมิจุดเดือดของน้ำคือ 100 องศา และจุดเยือกแข็งของน้ำคือ 0 องศาที่ระดับ<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ความดันบรรยากาศมาตรฐาน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ความดันบรรยากาศมาตรฐาน</a> แต่ได้มีการสลับสเกลต่อมาหลังจากที่เซ็ลซิอุสเสียชีวิตไประยะหนึ่ง โดยฌ็อง-ปีแยร์ คริสแต็ง เป็นคนเสนอเรื่องนี้ </p><p>ในปี <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2491" title="พ.ศ. 2491">พ.ศ. 2491</a> หน่วยนี้มีชื่อเรียกต่างกันสามแบบ ได้แก่ </p> <ul><li>เซนติเกรด (centigrade)</li> <li>องศาเซนเทสซิมัล (centesimal degree)</li> <li>องศาเซลเซียส (Celsius degree)</li></ul> <p>แต่นับจากนั้นมา ชื่อที่ถูกเลือกเป็นทางการคือ องศาเซลเซียส จากการประชุม <i>General Conference on Weights and Measures</i> ครั้งที่ 9 โดยมีจุดประสงค์เพื่อระลึกถึงเซ็ลซิอุส และเป็นการตัดปัญหาความสับสนที่อาจเกิดขึ้นจากการใช้คำนำหน้า <i>centi-</i> กับระบบเอสไอ และจากการที่นิยามเดิมไม่เหมาะสมที่จะใช้เป็นมาตรฐานอย่างเป็นทางการ เนื่องจากอุณหภูมิขึ้นกับนิยามของความดันบรรยากาศมาตรฐาน ซึ่งความดันบรรยากาศมาตรฐานนี้ก็ขึ้นกับอุณหภูมิอีกทีหนึ่ง จึงกำหนดนิยามใหม่ให้อุณหภูมิ 0.018°C ตรงกับจุด<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="สามสถานะ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สามสถานะ</a> (triple point) ของน้ำ และให้สเกลหนึ่งองศามีค่าเป็น 1/273.16 เท่าของผลต่างระหว่างอุณหภูมิที่จุดสามสถานะของน้ำกับจุดศูนย์องศาสัมบูรณ์ นิยามนี้ได้รับการยอมรับในการประชุม <i>General Conference on Weights and Measures</i> ครั้งที่ 10 เมื่อปี <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2497" title="พ.ศ. 2497">พ.ศ. 2497</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12093835">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD" title="หน่วยฐานเอสไอ">หน่วยฐาน</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="กิโลกรัม">กิโลกรัม</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เคลวิน">เคลวิน</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="แคนเดลา">แคนเดลา</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="เมตร">เมตร</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5" title="โมล">โมล</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5" title="วินาที">วินาที</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="แอมแปร์">แอมแปร์</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:SI_base_units.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="หน่วยฐานเอสไอทั้ง 7"><img alt="หน่วยฐานเอสไอทั้ง 7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SI_base_units.svg/125px-SI_base_units.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SI_base_units.svg/188px-SI_base_units.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SI_base_units.svg/250px-SI_base_units.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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title="หน่วยที่ยอมรับให้ใช้แก่ระบบเอสไอ">หน่วยที่ยอมรับให้ใช้<br />แก่ระบบเอสไอ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87" title="ชั่วโมง">ชั่วโมง</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1" title="หน่วยมวลอะตอม">ดอลตัน</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5" title="เดซิเบล">เดซิเบล</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ตัน">ตัน</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5" title="นาที">นาที</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เนเปอร์">เนเปอร์</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="ลิตร">ลิตร</a>  <b>·</b>  <a 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