CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91e984d709a89fe9',cH: 'ml5Xc9Nzmdahv2k_Bzuy8vIy9H0QKpFAOTdanYsHj0I-1741680034-1.2.1.1-nikizk0Ism3a0uWgLAf5K3_92g0ExQ3..WgiWdd1c7NijSGm73ktGY2xRrFuE90C',cUPMDTk: "\/2309\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=RIfA8_XC7XE.9e_SpaDfR8lgMQ9UvrSv6bxImPDlGbU-1741680034-1.0.1.1-bbd93ufYmKU8kbtiDk_vnUpkq95c52jQeQD17ch.2is",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741680034',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/2309\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=RIfA8_XC7XE.9e_SpaDfR8lgMQ9UvrSv6bxImPDlGbU-1741680034-1.0.1.1-bbd93ufYmKU8kbtiDk_vnUpkq95c52jQeQD17ch.2is",md: "G7M.YZPr5aVdcMlo77eQ1FMDroaJpDSLHI09uW8B9Vo-1741680034-1.2.1.1-JjQFQi_k11ch_n7xXWumP57w445Gn1vglkx4aq1rLP3HQB_8ORsVpEV0YLJTQSjMKsMq5ByzQf_HIH9SYhj0FbE57mX9Gt2_38XS.bzfCVmK4OCfz6U5Q9qRcNEoKDEI4ANs3ubrH94DGJQFXDqQao.5.4OLq74ErrhTURGcMy1Kx2gyU2dgm_hL1tf38BlQxSE06CGqpoAA1.8iwyJLNVsLawwJibh972QEc3mNkrEYPSpN8EEp11AzbZkyOv7iRr0OscCd2jnoDzCheh56OuPybU2rWo9NCLcpix3XMLwA.vr3PKwjQHueYCdBbNBCD70C.JsN2Z5JsYaeHQtvvFZrUxzyPHFwRoNLPdY6VhbHOroHuLr_ZrV90FDjrzhtW2kvBDAT9nI7A2o81siJ5gjSWxIli2qyeM4ViPS2y9JgHv6i3wEqh8mUc_FyJcYyx8FGCLv5RVVyO6DK8h3hdCqiYy1X3TXyKV6tJEbj25nvJEPf_n6V727XLwNMwlkZZq7kgBwhVTLmqGvFsQ2Vy7mwh_qaM6976ZGmJRKQtqVI.N2gXFtcJZHnwfmeFzD2ZuQPWXqQNE7HZ3bVXe1142C2zkTICjcLaqqWQyWC36DGyQm3HFP.eNHzPh23GRemRtBL.FFY77h2snMG3onuCmHJ_7G4kJ9krUxPSFa4Pw_fyKFdxHgGc0npttRYHO6lYHn2Dw9GO0jBcroJgCdQgwTMyRE77StcEvtqVu2.G9gzBJLJ.kVsJhBgKWXdzGMDeW5aLOr6t5zdnCVVjSuiwI3OYsAA6BoEi4c2akyZYVk3uQUMQ01iaI4IC29VdDgcs5mwg9M6kkM1jxnBtf78ev6an6oP0xVbXKnZfO71HO3kYxv_eIEgICsSCdbSu9LnkeGEL0BurZ8jsEHkxS4xBkvLyf1KL3yv0jYkOi1iCGW_14kj0ROJbqIIf2V6c1rRixCeEkP9K7i0pmXNI2AfUJFK0hP5_deIaDCtu5y5AvkvxSrpWEmxDQuYyGT6YWtyU1j5D6rKZ0plVSXv1sNukJ.TEvPVEcnZ.DHLiCrsUkXjR2DZ3RyviP7FeyGSMmSUoqgxZOLsIdoz4lGHzFIT8lxZAqDMtEo6JAk7XJGkfTWvez1K7XhFTro_g7BM_xLGcjfIDvD6TUlG44h92ng6w7ucRAJNfqAG64IJRJD0covpfy3ZOaNtmK0D2fRSRydToehvOIOHfAgxK3nwWb3djQ",mdrd: "OmTAEmOphqlppUOSjUcfV4zrMy7JURcLL4YgerqizSU-1741680034-1.2.1.1-5V_Mbg0_bYnEJa3lCPgwThTVc.TnhEEMGnHKLp9YjRfIhdmbTCIVJx1228U0tsTPo105aCEBVfaWgoviaikHfyGbPJ9eZRNhRv2epTOrJEEWuz8SUsF53T0oEezTb.BNFQcZ_l.xmouUCFy9FjTOWebCUwPSY3L5NjHB13owkFwtPx3BKfaPyGztPKb1BprTEDU3yiS_l9RcEnpW2KZMGsKDb0eBTn_hK4auuhdCyBqYAYTv8lU1UWlDqDYqGzi1QO9z6oTX7wDyyuh_kJa.NL21RdAq2ducyGdrSFZskRNMeUyyfG0u1jzhpJG_avLt2RiIgRhl_Ld.RPZEb5ef1SA_73lBkSzx2vRuVEruxi0CBk8mHGK90BvYuseBlHqCaM5a6wtwlWa6bSMIGiyhm8NkJEVkB.xX_vi03uijDeqSJ7D92ebRvwvPo833hMZz5HnOLwXbRyRpeU2yMYgu81xwUDczEmDNlP_Tz4lC9UXYHy6_6AYQr0XJEiK1APwZekdUMV43NaQAB4MgHN8rAhgXNezKJ4Yq2yIiJvSJw8rmLtmbVrqXQ2Pc55ZSktWQ08gPRn_VZi.QCrgAN8L4RAXcEvd9Wkvld_5UAsvkUJC4bd3vEX6NdrCuYXW.HrTeWa_2.jiOS0nEtTyrCjIZXIGyBKz2AFghFBjRqEmMaDbbnEVLliCaPrPjvS.FfHr9pkR7OqhK6G4VYs4usYTzlT.oCcqD_wTw6AV63wUkliqYhXbwawp_C0A2POCS4qdvvPlD2No3rt3I3M7W7fJFSNjF4OMz2ypKLGSzw6oDpx3lhxbQ0PwoiNtvFE_ySlDcCTkMuXKqZ7yETzDAPZuPNzSVPkTZ_lYsXkmQe3aERYF6NyZM8jw89gcL49jVgyoPbJDxDVKAGBSeCkSt17KNCf4yoLbaSh53LgvQeAVU3IteW6Az0aV1BF5GEm84bzSlE2Lz0QsP2oILRza97aGois_CKf2ma720eTfZFZ2Md.A4Pa5sXojzdWzbCkDF165Jx23tz66YcRMLlNMKAtlbdpm2B8sgzlfFDRt8TeoHssFybVOWq58bWvAIOK1L4ABmGyBNRaJJdxe3nBPUEhHQPLvuXNsLhi9JnD9ovrjChl4oPPQcsgBXmhFE_3BLnBRgzt3.2B1VET3ueINaQclhMnmgvGDhrMuQe8lVE2tlp9Is8X2GqAmjkwdCfBlSp1ijvm7wagGBo5jFUW93VKIbwol96kSlL8_e9hVs1xosKJl4MEJd.r_v_U2uktxJ9dpUZDNl4BHK53ThrnldaGfdMGi_4OJ_.ZlJgAQSxa4K6ubHM9lNpG8bdhJj46ttSrFQbBHMGaYhKTNAz.7XAUzPxQUZqL3j.hVAcJPbaXkU56LPCFgf_Xr2fhYRhPR5dQu69o4t3nD8PrOJb_S6rZ7lzpvWhUBHjbH_.a6Kkf_m4rDO_Zm.1je9TM8w0yVxWzXBdJ9Dnr1l114xpkiyg5cmYL11qB.G1Hs_dNGuSdtsSFye0yBClDK8szudGP3RPb.s8Fex_Ve7B.rNHSNuiWnLI17LbD5Gvq.rJyeTajwiSmfi43lfOgB_XLrIbO.kwJpL7GCjqqK9mLKKx4tGNCVNJAHvocz2qS.w5_4C3uXz3lbBjIxv107jVIYS3fsmI7gp4XBkBxjA91llPKF6ZTwysRbIWu8j5YcV9i3FTe_ekuiGZ3Y8NHbnmetDOYpuhrEdU2Ymyhbkk1XQ4J3qZwrC_3me8mGfaLRjxRHA_F_bAfSNZeRqZCsdVs10yDbOEHxYutykm7KPRpNoSntMg1pOx3tmPs2DkMQhAOkKoHwWJyL_1M9mqe5Cf9_i7lyHurmlSUtrNqKVXmNl54ejnCXmcQmnj8bM1UcvdlFP0_exnnGlCXG5ZDMlEWLkOE4TxpbJn83qQ5lUNGz_qBBGQCkgDu2Y_8IL6PPCtLwEQi7nNi9m2HnQ98SucZTZxGvWNTzc"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91e984d709a89fe9';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/2309\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=RIfA8_XC7XE.9e_SpaDfR8lgMQ9UvrSv6bxImPDlGbU-1741680034-1.0.1.1-bbd93ufYmKU8kbtiDk_vnUpkq95c52jQeQD17ch.2is" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>