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menu-item-8458"><a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/pctechguide-site-design-policy/contact-information"><span >Contact</span></a></li> </ul></div></nav><div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-623 post type-post status-publish format-standard category-blu-ray tag-hd-dvd tag-high-definition-digital-versatile-disk tag-how-does-hd-dvd-work tag-what-is-hd-dvd entry"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">HD-DVD (High Definition Digital Versatile Disk) – blue laser optical disk</h1> </header><div class="entry-content"><p>Despite High Definition Digital Versatile Disc HD-DVD) being the original DVD Forum approved successor to the DVD format, it was ultimately doomed, eventually consigned to history by the rival Blu-ray Disk (BD) technology.</p> <p>Originally called Advanced Optical Disc (AOD), the technology’s basic format specifications were developed and proposed jointly by Toshiba and NEC. These define an optical disc that uses state-of-the-art blue-violet laser technology to enable extremely large-capacity recordings and high speed data transfer rates. Although primarily designed as a high-definition consumer video recording format, its very high storage capacities and high-speed data transfer rates also make HD-DVD suitable for storage libraries and ultimately other applications.</p> <p>An HD-DVD disc has the same physical size as a DVD, but has higher data and track densities that give it between roughly three to six times the storage capacity of a standard 4.7GB DVD-R. This feat is made possible using a 405nm blue-violet laser, actually violet-purple, and an optical pickup head with a 0.65 numerical aperture (NA) lens. Because a blue-violet light laser has a shorter wavelength than the red light’s 650nm, used in CD and DVD systems, it allows the laser beam to make a smaller spot on the disc surface. With each bit of data taking up less space on the disc, more data can be stored on a 4.7in disc.</p> <p><img src="http://www.pctechguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/38hd-dvd.gif" border="0" alt="HD-DVD" width="378" height="218" /></p> <p>(For comparison with the light wavelengths depicted above, a human hair averages around 100,000nm thick).</p> <p>The HD-DVD format offered significantly less capacity than the Blu-ray technology, using low-bit-rate encoding technology such as MPEG-4 to store 9GB of high-definition video content onto a dual-layer DVD. However, HD-DVD’s big advantage over the rival Blu-ray Disc format is that it is compatible with the current generation of red laser DVD discs, enabling HD-DVD to play DVD discs without problem.</p> <p>Today’s DVD is a widely accepted and very reliable data storage and delivery system. The 1.2mm thick disc has the data placed in the middle of a protective outer layer of transparent plastic. HD-DVD has built on this tried and trusted format by adopting the same physical disc parameters. Compatibility with the current generation of red laser DVD discs enables HD-DVD systems to play DVD discs without problem. This was not the case for Blu-ray systems.</p> <p>Indeed, NEC had developed the technology required to record and read both current and next-generation DVDs with a single optical head that combined both blue and red lasers as early as the end of 2003. Furthermore, the transition required by equipment manufacturers and disc replicators alike is a relatively simple one, tests having demonstrated that it was possible to change over an HD-DVD production line to conventional DVD replication in less than five minutes.</p> <p>HD-DVD drives used state of the art signal processing – partial response and maximum likelihood PRML – to minimise noise problems resulting from playing high-density data. In addition to DVD’s MPEG-2, they also recognised both MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1, allowing image data to be compressed to about one-third the size achieved by MPEG-2.</p> <p>As originally specified, HD-DVD had a single layer capacity of 15GB and a dual-layer capacity of 30GB. In the spring of 2005, Toshiba announced a 45GB triple-layer. The DVD Forum had originally defined the standard for a single-sided, single-layer HD DVD-Rewritable disc with 20GB capacity, sufficient capacity for about 5.5 hours of HD content. In early 2004, Toshiba announced plans to develop a 32GB dual-layer rewritable disc.</p> <p>Alternative architectures include the combination disc, in which one side may be a conventional DVD-9 and the other a dual layer HD-DVD. This offers a single inventory product for retailers and a future-proof acquisition for consumers. The format also allows for hybrid, twin format discs, in which the layer closest to the pick-up head is reflective to red and transparent to blue-violet light. With this structure, a conventional DVD video player sees the disc as a normal DVD-5, while the blue laser penetrates the first layer to read the HD-DVD data behind.</p> <p>By the summer to 2005, Toshiba had developed:</p> <ul> <li>a single-sided, dual-layer HD DVD-ROM/DVD-ROM hybrid disc, coupling a DVD layer that meets the specification for current DVD disc with a capacity of 4.7GB, and an HD-DVD layer with a capacity of 15GB.</li> <li>a double-sided, dual-layer HD-DVD ROM/DVD-ROM hybrid disc, which effectively bonds together a 0.6mm thick dual-layer HD-DVD ROM disc with 30GB capacity, and a 0.6-mm thick dual-layer DVD-ROM disc with an 8.5GB capacity.</li> </ul> <p>However, HD-DVD by then was losing ground to Blu-ray. Despite late support thrown in by Microsoft and Intel in 2005, it was looking bleak. Toshiba continued efforts up until autumn 2007, finally having their long heralded triple layer HD-DVD approved for the HD-DVD specification. This brought HD-DVD up to 51GB capacity, finally matching Blu-rays 50GB dual layer disks – but by then, Blu-ray’s triple layer plans already promised 75GB storage.</p> <p>The writing was on the wall. Less than a year later, the DVD Forum was forced to admit that their HD-DVD technology was not going to compete with Blu-ray. Finally, in the autumn of 2008, HD-DVD was discontinued by all involved.</p> <table border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2">Characteristic</th> <th>DVD</th> <th>HD-DVD</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Capacity per layer (GB)</td> <td>4.7</td> <td>15</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Max number of layers</td> <td>2</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Max number of sides</td> <td>2</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Substrate + cover layer (mm)</td> <td>0.6 + 0.6</td> <td>0.6 + 0.6</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Laser wavelength (nm)</td> <td>650</td> <td>405</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Numerical aperture</td> <td>0.65</td> <td>0.65</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Cartridge</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Hard coating needed</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Complexity to read DVD</td> <td>–</td> <td>None</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Maximum Data Rate (MBps)</td> <td>11.08 (1x)</td> <td>36.55 (1x)</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Maximum Recording</p> <p>Time (HDTV)</td> <td>Single-layer</td> <td>–</td> <td>2 hours</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dual-layer</td> <td>–</td> <td>4 hours</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/the-blue-laser-diode-in-optical-disk-drive-technology">The blue laser diode in optical disk drive technology</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/dvd-forum-and-the-blu-ray-disk-association-bda">DVD Forum and the Blu-ray Disk Association (BDA)</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/blu-ray-vs-hd-dvd-the-war-of-the-blue-laser-optical-disks">Blu-ray vs HD-DVD – the war of the blue laser optical disks</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/blu-ray-region-codes">Blu-ray Region Codes</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/blu-ray-the-hi-def-blue-laser-disk-technology">Blu-Ray – the Hi-Def Blue Laser Disk Technology</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/hd-dvd-high-definition-digital-versatile-disk-blue-laser-optical-disk">HD-DVD (High Definition Digital Versatile Disk) – blue laser optical disk</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/blu-ray-disks-bd-blue-laser-optical-disk-technology">Blu-ray Disks (BD) – blue laser optical disk technology</a></li> <li> <a href="http://www.pctechguide.com/blu-ray/blu-ray-region-codes-map-and-explanation">Blu-ray region codes – map and explanation</a></li> </ul> </div><footer class="entry-footer"><p class="entry-meta"><span class="entry-categories">Filed Under: <a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/category/blu-ray" rel="category tag">Blu-ray</a></span> <span class="entry-tags">Tagged With: <a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/tag/hd-dvd" rel="tag">HD-DVD</a>, <a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/tag/high-definition-digital-versatile-disk" rel="tag">High Definition Digital Versatile Disk</a>, <a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/tag/how-does-hd-dvd-work" rel="tag">how does HD-DVD work</a>, <a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/tag/what-is-hd-dvd" rel="tag">what is HD-DVD</a></span></p><div class="after-entry widget-area"><div class="wrap"><section id="featured-post-3" class="widget featured-content featuredpost"><div class="widget-wrap"><h4 class="widget-title widgettitle">Latest Articles</h4> <article class="post-8690 post type-post status-publish format-standard category-gaming entry has-post-thumbnail"><a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/gaming/ai-technology-is-the-fascinating-new-frontier-of-digital-gaming-industry" class="alignleft" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img width="150" height="150" src="https://www.pctechguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/image-150x150.png" class="entry-image attachment-post" alt="" loading="lazy" /></a><header class="entry-header"><h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.pctechguide.com/gaming/ai-technology-is-the-fascinating-new-frontier-of-digital-gaming-industry">AI Technology is the Fascinating New Frontier of Digital Gaming Industry</a></h2></header><div class="entry-content"><p>The global gaming industry is growing at an unprecedented rate. 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