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[o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div 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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Etymology </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Etymology subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Telugu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telugu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Telugu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telugu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andhra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andhra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Andhra </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andhra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Ancient era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Medieval era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Modern era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Cuisine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Language </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Performing arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Amaravati_School_of_Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amaravati_School_of_Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5.1 Amaravati School of Art </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amaravati_School_of_Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kakatiya_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kakatiya_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5.2 Kakatiya architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kakatiya_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Cinema </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clothing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clothing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Clothing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clothing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Festivals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Sport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Population </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Population subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Castes_and_communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castes_and_communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Castes and communities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castes_and_communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Distribution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Telugu_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Telugu_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Notable Telugu people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Telugu_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Telugu people</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" > 32 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="تيلوغويون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيلوغويون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teluqular" title="Teluqular – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Teluqular" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="তেলুগু জাতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তেলুগু জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Тэлугу (народ) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэлугу (народ)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85_(%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82)" title="Τελούγκου (λαός) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τελούγκου (λαός)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="مردم تلوگو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم تلوگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%94%EB%A3%A8%EA%B5%AC%EC%9D%B8" title="텔루구인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="텔루구인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="तेलुगू लोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तेलुगू लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Telugu" title="Suku Telugu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Telugu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_(popolo)" title="Telugu (popolo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Telugu (popolo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ტელუგები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტელუგები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Телугулер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Телугулер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugai" title="Telugai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Telugai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telogo_(vahoaka)" title="Telogo (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Telogo (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95" title="तेलुगू लोक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तेलुगू लोक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تيلوجويين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تيلوجويين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Telugu" title="Orang Telugu – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Telugu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%B3%D2%AF" title="Тэлүгү – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тэлүгү" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="तेलगु जाति – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तेलगु जाति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teluguer" title="Teluguer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Teluguer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu" title="Telugu – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Telugu" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugowie" title="Telugowie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Telugowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Телугу (народ) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Телугу (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_people" title="Telugu people – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Telugu people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Телугу (народ) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Телугу (народ)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_(narod)" title="Telugu (narod) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Telugu (narod)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugut" title="Telugut – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Telugut" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_(folk)" title="Telugu (folk) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Telugu (folk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="தெலுங்கர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தெலுங்கர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="తెలుగు ప్రజలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తెలుగు ప్రజలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnolinguistic group native to southeastern India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Andhra people" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Andhra_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Andhra (disambiguation)">Andhra (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the ancient tribe, see <a href="/wiki/Andhras" title="Andhras">Andhras</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Telugu people</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div lang="te">Teluguvāru <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1094882035">.mw-parser-output .script-Cprt{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Cypriot",Code2001}.mw-parser-output .script-Hano{font-size:125%;font-family:"Noto Sans Hanunoo",FreeSerif,Quivira}.mw-parser-output .script-Latf,.mw-parser-output .script-de-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Breitkopf Fraktur",UnifrakturCook,UniFrakturMaguntia,MarsFraktur,"MarsFraktur OT",KochFraktur,"KochFraktur OT",OffenbacherSchwabOT,"LOB.AlteSchwabacher","LOV.AlteSchwabacher","LOB.AtlantisFraktur","LOV.AtlantisFraktur","LOB.BreitkopfFraktur","LOV.BreitkopfFraktur","LOB.FetteFraktur","LOV.FetteFraktur","LOB.Fraktur3","LOV.Fraktur3","LOB.RochFraktur","LOV.RochFraktur","LOB.PostFraktur","LOV.PostFraktur","LOB.RuelhscheFraktur","LOV.RuelhscheFraktur","LOB.RungholtFraktur","LOV.RungholtFraktur","LOB.TheuerbankFraktur","LOV.TheuerbankFraktur","LOB.VinetaFraktur","LOV.VinetaFraktur","LOB.WalbaumFraktur","LOV.WalbaumFraktur","LOB.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOV.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOB.WieynckFraktur","LOV.WieynckFraktur","LOB.ZentenarFraktur","LOV.ZentenarFraktur"}.mw-parser-output .script-en-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Cankama,"Old English Text MT","Textura Libera","Textura Libera Tenuis",London}.mw-parser-output .script-it-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Rotunda Pommerania",Rotunda,"Typographer Rotunda"}.mw-parser-output .script-Lina{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear A"}.mw-parser-output .script-Linb{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear B"}.mw-parser-output .script-Ugar{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Ugaritic",Aegean}.mw-parser-output .script-Xpeo{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Old Persian",Artaxerxes,Xerxes,Aegean}</style>తెలుగువారు</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG/220px-Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG/330px-Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG/440px-Telugu_talli_bomma.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Talli" class="mw-redirect" title="Telugu Talli">Telugu Talli</a>, the personification of Telugu people and culture</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circa#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:circa">c.</a> 85 million<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-census_india-2">[2]</a> (native speakers)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> <a href="/wiki/Yanam_district" title="Yanam district">Yanam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="infobox-data">81,127,740 (2011)<a href="#cite_note-census_india-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,230,000 (2024) (<a href="/wiki/Telugu_Americans" title="Telugu Americans">Telugu Americans</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500,000<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">408,000<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">383,000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">200,000<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">90,400<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="infobox-data">74,685<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40,000<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="infobox-data">33,000<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></th><td class="infobox-data">34,000<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20,000<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18,700<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></th><td class="infobox-data">13,300<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5,754<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5,000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="infobox-data">23000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="infobox-data">15000 <a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a>(Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a>(Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2500<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2500<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2500<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2000<a href="#cite_note-ethnologue-1">[1]</a> (Estimated)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="infobox-data">See <a href="/wiki/Telugu_diaspora" title="Telugu diaspora">Telugu diaspora</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Majority: <a href="/wiki/File:Om.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/15px-Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/23px-Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/30px-Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="200" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> Minority: <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_peoples" title="Dravidian peoples">Dravidian peoples</a>:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chenchu_people" title="Chenchu people">Chenchus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kannadigas" title="Kannadigas">Kannadigas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tamils" title="Tamils">Tamils</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tuluvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuluvas">Tuluvas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kodavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodavas">Kodavas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Malayali" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayali">Malayalis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gondi_people" title="Gondi people">Gonds</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Radala" title="Radala">Radala</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="background:#fff6d9"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:#fee8ab">Person</th><td class="infobox-data">Telugu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:#fee8ab">People</th><td class="infobox-data">Teluguvāru</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:#fee8ab">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">Telugu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:#fee8ab">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Telugu Nāḍu</td></tr></tbody></table> Telugu people (<a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1094882035">తెలుగువారు, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Telugu" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Telugu">romanized</a>: Teluguvāru), also called Āndhras, are an <a href="/wiki/Ethnolinguistic_group" title="Ethnolinguistic group">ethno-linguistic</a> group who speak the <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> language and are native to the <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> states of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yanam_district" title="Yanam district">Yanam district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a>. They are the most populous of the four major <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_peoples" title="Dravidian peoples">Dravidian</a> linguistic groups. Telugu is the <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">fourth most spoken language</a> in India<a href="#cite_note-spoken-14">[14]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers" title="List of languages by number of native speakers">14th most spoken native language</a> in the world.<a href="#cite_note-e262-15">[15]</a> A significant number of Telugus also reside in the Indian states of <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Orissa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>. Members of the <a href="/wiki/Telugu_diaspora" title="Telugu diaspora">Telugu diaspora</a> are spread across countries like <a href="/wiki/Telugu_Americans" title="Telugu Americans">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Australians" title="Indian Australians">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Telugu" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Telugu">Malaysia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a> and others.<a href="#cite_note-:20-16">[16]</a> Telugu is the fastest-growing language in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> It is also a protected language in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SA-18">[18]</a> Andhra is an <a href="/wiki/Ethnonym" title="Ethnonym">ethnonym</a> used for Telugu people since antiquity.<a href="#cite_note-:23-19">[19]</a> The earliest mention of the Andhras occurs in <a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Brahmana" title="Aitareya Brahmana">Aitareya Brahmana</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 800 <a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a>, the infantry of <a href="/wiki/Satyaki" title="Satyaki">Satyaki</a> was composed of a tribe called the Andhras, known for their long hair, tall stature, sweet language, and mighty prowess. They were also mentioned in the Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Jataka_tales" title="Jataka tales">Jataka tales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Megasthenes" title="Megasthenes">Megasthenes</a> reported in his <a href="/wiki/Indica_(Megasthenes)" title="Indica (Megasthenes)">Indica</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 310 BCE) that the Andhras, living in the <a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">river deltas</a>, were famous for their formidable military strength, which was second only to that of the <a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a> in the entire <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-22">[22]</a> The first major Andhra <a href="/wiki/Polity" title="Polity">polity</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahana dynasty</a> (2nd century BCE–2nd century CE) which ruled over the entire <a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan plateau</a> and even distant areas of <a href="/wiki/Western_India" title="Western India">western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_India" title="Central India">central</a> India.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> They established trade relations with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, and their capital city near <a href="/wiki/Amaravathi,_Palnadu_district" title="Amaravathi, Palnadu district">Amaravathi</a> was the most prosperous city in India during the 2nd century CE.<a href="#cite_note-:10-24">[24]</a> Inscriptions in Old Telugu script (Vengi script) were found as far away as <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In the 13th century, <a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiyas</a> unified various Telugu-speaking areas under one realm.<a href="#cite_note-:8-26">[26]</a> Later, Telugu culture and literature flourished and reached its zenith during the late <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:17-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, various Telugu rulers called <a href="/wiki/Nayaka_dynasties" title="Nayaka dynasties">Nayakas</a> established independent kingdoms across <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a> serving the same function as <a href="/wiki/Rajput" title="Rajput">Rajput</a> warriors clans of northern India.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nayaks_of_Kandy" title="Nayaks of Kandy">Kandyan Nayaks</a>, the last dynasty to rule <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> were of Telugu descent.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In this era, Telugu became the language of <a href="/wiki/High_culture" title="High culture">high culture</a> throughout <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>.<a href="#cite_note-high_culture-31">[31]</a> Vijaya Ramaswamy compared it to the overwhelming dominance of <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> as the cultural language of modern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> during roughly the same era.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Telugu also predominates in the evolution of <a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a>, one of two main subgenres of <a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The architecture developed by Andhras in <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> river valley in early first centuries <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a>, called the <a href="/wiki/Amaravati_art" title="Amaravati art">Amaravati School of Art</a>, is regarded as one of the three major styles of ancient Indian art and had a great influence on art in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mahayana" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a>, the predominant <a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism" title="Schools of Buddhism">Buddhist tradition</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> and the largest Buddhist denomination in the world, was developed among Telugus in Andhra.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Telugu is one of six languages designated as a <a href="/wiki/Classical_Languages_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Languages of India">classical language</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>. It has been in use as an official language for over 1,400 years<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Feb2022-36">[36]</a> and has an unbroken and diverse <a href="/wiki/Telugu_literature" title="Telugu literature">literary tradition</a> of over a thousand years.<a href="#cite_note-:18-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-:19-38">[38]</a> Telugu <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performing arts</a> include the <a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">classical dance</a> form <a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Perini_Sivatandavam" title="Perini Sivatandavam">Perini Sivatandavam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Burra_katha" title="Burra katha">Burra Katha</a>. The Telugu <a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">shadow puppetry</a> tradition, <a href="/wiki/Tholu_bommalata" title="Tholu bommalata">Tholu Bommalata</a>, dates back to the 3rd century BCE,<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> and is the ancestor of <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Wayang</a>, the popular Indonesian art form that has been a staple of Indonesian tourism.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/Telugu_cinema" title="Telugu cinema">Telugu cinema</a> is the largest film industry in India in terms of box office as well as admissions.<a href="#cite_note-:16-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-mint-42">[42]</a> The industry has produced some of India's <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_Indian_films" title="List of most expensive Indian films">most expensive</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_Indian_films" title="List of highest-grossing Indian films">highest-grossing films</a>, influencing Indian popular culture well beyond Telugu-speaking regions.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telugu">Telugu</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Telugu">edit</a>]</div> Speakers of Telugu refer to it as simply Telugu or Telugoo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Chapter_2-44">[44]</a> Older forms of the name include Teluṅgu and Tenuṅgu.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Tenugu is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Dravidian_language" title="Proto-Dravidian language">Proto-Dravidian</a> word *ten ("south")<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> to mean "the people who lived in the south/southern direction". The name Telugu, then, is a result of an "n" to "l" alternation established in Telugu.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Introduction-48">[48]</a> P. Chenchiah and Bhujanga Rao note that Atharvana Acharya in the 13th century wrote a grammar of Telugu, calling it the Trilinga Shabdānushāsana (or Trilinga Grammar).<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> However, most scholars note that Atharvana's grammar was titled Atharvana Karikavali.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="/wiki/Appa-kavi" title="Appa-kavi">Appa Kavi</a> in the 17th century explicitly wrote that Telugu was derived from Trilinga. Scholar Charles P. Brown made a comment that it was a "strange notion" since the predecessors of Appa Kavi had no knowledge of such a derivation.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Abraham_Grierson" title="George Abraham Grierson">George Abraham Grierson</a> and other linguists doubt this derivation, holding rather that Telugu was the older term and Trilinga must be the later <a href="/wiki/Sanskritisation" title="Sanskritisation">Sanskritisation</a> of it.<a href="#cite_note-Grierson1967-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> If so the derivation itself must have been quite ancient because Triglyphum, Trilingum and Modogalingam are attested in ancient Greek sources, the last of which can be interpreted as a Telugu rendition of "Trilinga".<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andhra">Andhra</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Andhra">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Andhras" title="Andhras">Andhras</a></div> Andhra is an <a href="/wiki/Ethnonym" title="Ethnonym">ethnonym</a> used for Telugu people since antiquity.<a href="#cite_note-:23-19">[19]</a> Andhras were an ancient non-Aryan tribe of south-central <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, whose existence is attested during the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age_in_India" title="Iron Age in India">Iron Age</a>. As per <a href="/wiki/Iravatham_Mahadevan" title="Iravatham Mahadevan">Iravatham Mahadevan</a>, non-Aryan people living beyond the borders of the region inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Aryan_languages" title="Indo-Aryan languages">Indo-Aryan</a> speakers were known as the Andhras.<a href="#cite_note-:142-58">[58]</a> Mahadevan notes that since most <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_languages" title="Dravidian languages">Dravidian</a>-speaking men had names ending with the suffIx -(a)nṟ, the Dravidian <a href="/wiki/Etymon" class="mw-redirect" title="Etymon">etymon</a> -(a)nṟ was borrowed as a loanword into Indo-Aryan as andha and later as āndhra to denote the name of the neighbouring Dravidian-speaking people.<a href="#cite_note-:142-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="History of Andhra Pradesh">History of Andhra Pradesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Telangana" title="History of Telangana">History of Telangana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_era">Ancient era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ancient era">edit</a>]</div> Andhra (<a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>: ఆంధ్ర) was a kingdom mentioned in the epic <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> It was a southern kingdom, currently identified as Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a> where it got its name from. Andhra communities are also mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Vayu_Purana" title="Vayu Purana">Vayu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a>. In the Mahabharata the infantry of <a href="/wiki/Satyaki" title="Satyaki">Satyaki</a> was composed by a tribe called Andhras, known for their long hair, tall stature, sweet language, and mighty prowess. They lived along the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Godavari" class="mw-redirect" title="Godavari">Godavari</a> river. Andhras and Kalingas supported the Kauravas during the Mahabharata war. Sahadeva defeated the kingdoms of Pandya, Andhra, Kalinga, Dravida, Odra and Chera while performing the <a href="/wiki/Rajasuya" title="Rajasuya">Rajasuya Yajna</a>. Buddhist references to Andhras are also found.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png/220px-Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png/330px-Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png/440px-Map_of_the_Satavahanas.png 2x" data-file-width="2324" data-file-height="2151" /></a><figcaption>Approximate extent of the <a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahana Empire</a> (Andhra Empire) in the late 1st century CE.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Andhras" title="Andhras">Andhras</a> were mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Brahmana" title="Aitareya Brahmana">Aitareya Brahmana</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a> (<abbr>c.</abbr> 500 BCE) as descendants of sage <a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> They were referred to as <a href="/wiki/Dasa" title="Dasa">dasyus</a> or non-aryans living on the fringes of Aryan settlements.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Deccan" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Deccan">Eastern Deccan</a> region inhabited by Andhras was called <a href="/wiki/Andhradesa" title="Andhradesa">Andhradesa</a>. They were also mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> and Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Jataka_tales" title="Jataka tales">Jataka tales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> In the seventh century BCE, <a href="/wiki/Asmaka" title="Asmaka">Asmaka</a> was one of the sixteen <a href="/wiki/Mahajanapadas" title="Mahajanapadas">Mahajanapadas</a>. Andhras were mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Megasthenes" title="Megasthenes">Megasthenes</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Indica_(Megasthenes)" title="Indica (Megasthenes)">Indica</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 310 BCE) as being second only to <a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Mauryans</a> in military strength in the entire <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>. They had 30 fortified towns along the Godavari River and an army of 1,00,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 1,000 elephants.<a href="#cite_note-:6-22">[22]</a> They are mentioned at the time of the death of the great Mauryan King <a href="/wiki/Ashoka" title="Ashoka">Ashoka</a> in 232 BCE.<a href="#cite_note-:4-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The first major Andhra <a href="/wiki/Polity" title="Polity">polity</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahana dynasty</a> (2nd century BCE–2nd century CE) which ruled over the entire <a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan plateau</a> and established trade relations with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:9-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-70">[70]</a> The kingdom reached its zenith under <a href="/wiki/Gautamiputra_Satakarni" title="Gautamiputra Satakarni">Gautamiputra Satakarni</a>. Their capital city, <a href="/wiki/Amaravathi,_Palnadu_district" title="Amaravathi, Palnadu district">Amaravati</a> was the most prosperous city in India in 2nd century CE.<a href="#cite_note-:10-24">[24]</a> At the end of the Satavahana rule, the Telugu region was divided into <a href="/wiki/Realm" title="Realm">Kingdoms</a> ruled by lords. In the late second century CE, the <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Ikshvaku" title="Andhra Ikshvaku">Andhra Ikshvakus</a> ruled the eastern region along the Krishna River. During the fourth century, the <a href="/wiki/Pallava_dynasty" title="Pallava dynasty">Pallava dynasty</a> extended their rule across southern Andhra Pradesh and <a href="/wiki/Tamilakam" title="Tamilakam">Tamilakam</a> and established their capital at <a href="/wiki/Kanchipuram" title="Kanchipuram">Kanchipuram</a>. Their power increased during the reigns of <a href="/wiki/Mahendravarman_I" title="Mahendravarman I">Mahendravarman I</a> (571–630) and <a href="/wiki/Narasimhavarman_I" title="Narasimhavarman I">Narasimhavarman I</a> (630–668). The Pallavas dominated the southern Telugu-speaking region and northern Tamilakam until the end of the ninth century. Later, various dynasties have ruled the area, including the <a href="/wiki/Salankayana_dynasty" title="Salankayana dynasty">Salankayanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cholas" class="mw-redirect" title="Cholas">Cholas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishnukundina_dynasty" title="Vishnukundina dynasty">Vishnukundinas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Chalukyas" title="Eastern Chalukyas">Eastern Chalukyas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:4-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_era">Medieval era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Medieval era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png/220px-Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png/330px-Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png/440px-Map_of_the_Kakatiyas.png 2x" data-file-width="2324" data-file-height="2151" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Kakatiyas, circa 1150–1300 CE.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg/206px-Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="206" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg/308px-Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg/411px-Vijayanagara-empire-map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1585" data-file-height="1850" /></a><figcaption>Extent of Vijayanagara Empire, around 1520 CE.</figcaption></figure> Between 1163 and 1323 the <a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiya dynasty</a> emerged, bringing the distinct upland and lowland cultures of Telugu lands, which brought into being a feeling of cultural affinity between those who spoke the <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu language</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:8-26">[26]</a> Kakatiya era also saw the development of a distinct style of architecture which improved and innovated upon the existing modes.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Most notable examples are the <a href="/wiki/Thousand_Pillar_Temple" title="Thousand Pillar Temple">Thousand Pillar Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanamkonda" title="Hanamkonda">Hanamkonda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramappa_Temple" title="Ramappa Temple">Ramappa Temple</a> in Palampet, <a href="/wiki/Warangal_Fort" title="Warangal Fort">Warangal Fort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golconda_Fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Golconda Fort">Golconda Fort</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kota_Gullu" title="Kota Gullu">Kota Gullu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ghanpur,_Mulugu_district" title="Ghanpur, Mulugu district">Ghanpur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Reddy2-73">[73]</a> During this period, the <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu language</a> emerged as a literary medium with the writings of Nannaya, <a href="/wiki/Tikkana" title="Tikkana">Tikkana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yerrapragada" title="Yerrapragada">Eranna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pothana" title="Pothana">Pothana</a> etc. are the translators and poets of the great Hindu epics like <a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharatha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavatha</a> etc. Telingana, a term referring to the land inhabited by Telugus, was first used during the 14th century CE.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> In 1323 the <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghiyath_al-Din_Tughluq" title="Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq">Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq</a>, sent a large army commanded by Ulugh Khan (later, as <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Tughluq" title="Muhammad bin Tughluq">Muhammad bin Tughluq</a>, the Delhi sultan) to conquer the Telugu region and lay <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Warangal_(1323)" title="Siege of Warangal (1323)">siege to Warangal</a>. The fall of the <a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiya dynasty</a> led to an era with competing influences from the Turkic kingdoms of Delhi and the Persio-Tajik sultanate of central India. The struggle for Andhra ended with the victory of the <a href="/wiki/Musunuri_Nayaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Musunuri Nayaks">Musunuri Nayaks</a> over the Turkic <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a>. The Telugus achieved independence under <a href="/wiki/Krishnadevaraya" title="Krishnadevaraya">Krishnadevaraya</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a> (1336–1646). The <a href="/wiki/Qutb_Shahi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutb Shahi dynasty">Qutb Shahi dynasty</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bahmani_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahmani Sultanate">Bahmani Sultanate</a> succeeded that empire. The <a href="/wiki/Qutb_Shahi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutb Shahi dynasty">Qutub Shahis</a> were tolerant of Telugu culture from the early 16th to the end of the 17th centuries.<a href="#cite_note-Eaton-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern era">edit</a>]</div> The arrival of Europeans (the French under the <a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Bussy-Castelnau" title="Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau">Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau</a> and the English under <a href="/wiki/Robert_Clive" title="Robert Clive">Robert Clive</a>) altered polity of the region. In 1765, Clive and the <a href="/wiki/Tribal_chief" title="Tribal chief">chief</a> and council at <a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam" title="Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a> obtained the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Circars" title="Northern Circars">Northern Circars</a> from <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Shah_Alam" title="Shah Alam">Shah Alam</a>. The British achieved supremacy when they defeated Maharaja Vijaya Rama Gajapati Raju of Vizianagaram in 1792. Andhra's modern foundation was laid in the struggle for Indian independence. <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of India">India became independent</a> from the United Kingdom in 1947. <a href="/wiki/Potti_Sreeramulu" title="Potti Sreeramulu">Potti Sreeramulu</a>'s campaign for a state independent of the <a href="/wiki/Madras_Presidency" title="Madras Presidency">Madras Presidency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tanguturi_Prakasam" title="Tanguturi Prakasam">Tanguturi Prakasam Panthulu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kandukuri_Veeresalingam" title="Kandukuri Veeresalingam">Kandukuri Veeresalingam</a>'s social-reform movements led to the formation of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_State" title="Andhra State">Andhra State</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Kurnool" title="Kurnool">Kurnool</a> as its capital and freedom-fighter Prakasam Pantulu as its first chief minister. Andhra, the first Indian state formed primarily on a linguistic basis, was carved from the Madras Presidency in 1953. Although the Muslim <a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a> wanted to retain independence from India, he was <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Hyderabad" title="Annexation of Hyderabad">forced</a> to cede his kingdom to the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">Dominion of India</a> in 1948 to form <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_State_(1948%E2%80%931956)" title="Hyderabad State (1948–1956)">Hyderabad State</a>. In 1956, Andhra State was merged with the Telugu-speaking portion of <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_State" title="Hyderabad State">Hyderabad State</a> (the Telangana region) to create the state of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_(1956%E2%80%932014)" title="Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)">Andhra Pradesh</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> approved the formation of <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> from ten northwestern districts of Andhra Pradesh on 18 February 2014.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Culture of Andhra Pradesh">Culture of Andhra Pradesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Telangana" title="Culture of Telangana">Culture of Telangana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Andhra_cuisine" title="Andhra cuisine">Andhra cuisine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telangana_cuisine" title="Telangana cuisine">Telangana cuisine</a></div> Different regions of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana all produce distinctive variations of Telugu cuisine. Telugu cuisine is generally known for its tangy, hot, and spicy taste. Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer of red chili and rice in India. The concentration of red chili production in Andhra Pradesh has led to the liberal use of spices in Andhra cuisine. Rice is the staple in Telugu culture along with Ragi (రాగి) which is popular in Rayalaseema and Palnadu regions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Language">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu language</a></div> Telugu is a South-Central <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_languages" title="Dravidian languages">Dravidian language</a> primarily spoken in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language. The oldest inscriptions with Telugu words date to 400 BCE found at <a href="/wiki/Bhattiprolu" title="Bhattiprolu">Bhattiprolu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guntur_district" title="Guntur district">Guntur district</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-78">[78]</a> Other early inscriptions with more refined language were found in Kantamanenivarigudem, <a href="/wiki/Guntupalle,_West_Godavari_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Guntupalle, West Godavari district">Guntupalli</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Godavari_district" title="West Godavari district">West Godavari</a> district and Gummadidurru and <a href="/wiki/Ghantasala,_Krishna_district" title="Ghantasala, Krishna district">Ghantasala</a> in <a href="/wiki/Krishna_district" title="Krishna district">Krishna district</a>. The earliest inscription completely written in Telugu dates to 575 CE were found at Kalamalla village in Kadapa district.<a href="#cite_note-:0-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Literature">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Telugu_literature" title="Telugu literature">Telugu literature</a></div> Telugu has an unbroken and diverse <a href="/wiki/Telugu_literature" title="Telugu literature">literary tradition</a> of over a thousand years.<a href="#cite_note-:18-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-:19-38">[38]</a> The earliest Telugu literature dates to 11th century CE with <a href="/wiki/Nannayya" title="Nannayya">Nannaya</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Mahabharatam" title="Andhra Mahabharatam">Andhra Mahabharatam</a>. The language experienced a golden age under the patronage of the <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara</a> king-poet <a href="/wiki/Krishnadevaraya" title="Krishnadevaraya">Krishnadevaraya</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:17-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_arts">Performing arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Performing arts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg/220px-A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg/330px-A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg/440px-A_Kuchipudi_dance_by_two_Hindu_girls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Two <a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a> dancers from Andhra Pradesh, 2011</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a>, originating from the <a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi,_Krishna_district" title="Kuchipudi, Krishna district">eponymous</a> village in <a href="/wiki/Krishna_district" title="Krishna district">Krishna district</a>, is of the eight major <a href="/wiki/Classical_Indian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Indian dance">Indian classical dances</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-village-80">[80]</a> It is a dance-drama performance, with its roots in the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text of <a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Varadpande1982p133-81">[81]</a> It developed as a religious art linked to traveling bards, temples and spiritual beliefs, like all major classical dances of India.<a href="#cite_note-lochtefeld376-82">[82]</a> Other Telugu <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performing arts</a> include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Natyam" title="Andhra Natyam">Andhra Natyam</a></li> <li>Vilasini Natyam</li> <li>Nava Janardhanam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perini_Sivatandavam" title="Perini Sivatandavam">Perini Sivatandavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oggu_Katha" title="Oggu Katha">Oggu Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burra_katha" title="Burra katha">Burra Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tholu_bommalata" title="Tholu bommalata">Tholu Bommalata</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Architecture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amaravati_School_of_Art">Amaravati School of Art</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Amaravati School of Art">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg/202px-Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg/303px-Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg/404px-Amaravati_Stupa_relief_at_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="2128" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amaravati_Stupa" title="Amaravati Stupa">Amaravati Stupa</a> relief at a museum (1st–2nd century CE)</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Amaravati_art" title="Amaravati art">Amaravati School of Art</a> is an ancient Indian art style that evolved in the region of <a href="/wiki/Amaravathi,_Palnadu_district" title="Amaravathi, Palnadu district">Amaravati</a> (then known as Dhānyakaṭaka) from 2nd century BCE to the end of the 3rd century CE.<a href="#cite_note-:03-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> It is also called the Andhra School or Vengi School.<a href="#cite_note-:12-84">[84]</a> Art historians regard the art of Amaravati as one of the three major styles or schools of ancient Indian art, the other two being the <a href="/wiki/Mathura,_Uttar_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura, Uttar Pradesh">Mathura</a> style, and the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhist_art" title="Greco-Buddhist art">Gandharan</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-:11-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-:22-87">[87]</a> Amaravati school flourished under the local Sada rulers, Satavahanas, and <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Ikshvaku" title="Andhra Ikshvaku">Andhra Ikshvakus</a> till 325–340 CE. <a href="/wiki/Amaravati_Stupa" title="Amaravati Stupa">Amaravati Stupa</a> is the most famous monument of this style, and it was for some time "the greatest monument in Buddhist Asia",<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> and "the jewel in the crown of early Indian art".<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Apart from Amaravati, the style is also found in <a href="/wiki/Nagarjunakonda" title="Nagarjunakonda">Nagarjunakonda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chandavaram_Buddhist_site" title="Chandavaram Buddhist site">Chandavaram Buddhist site</a>. Largely because of the maritime trading links of the East Indian coast, the Amaravati school of sculpture had great influence on art in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South-East_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="South-East Asia">South-East Asia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:13-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-:03-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-:22-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Buddha image in sculptures which later on became the prototype of images in different Buddhist countries was standardised here.<a href="#cite_note-:22-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-:32-92">[92]</a> The Amaravati style of Buddha image retained its popularity in Sri Lanka till the 12th century.<a href="#cite_note-:32-92">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kakatiya_architecture">Kakatiya architecture</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Kakatiya architecture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_architecture" title="Kakatiya architecture">Kakatiya architecture</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg/215px-Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="215" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg/323px-Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg/430px-Master_piece_of_ramappa_temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5489" data-file-height="2864" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ramappa_Temple" title="Ramappa Temple">Ramappa temple</a> (1213–1253 CE), a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a></figcaption></figure> Kakatiya era also saw the development of a distinct style of architecture which improved and innovated upon the existing modes.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> It is a fusion of <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_architecture" title="Dravidian architecture">Dravidian architecture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhumija" title="Bhumija">Nagara Bhumija</a> styles in which <a href="/wiki/Sand_box_(civil_engineering)" title="Sand box (civil engineering)">sandbox technology</a> is used to construct <a href="/wiki/Vimana_(architectural_feature)" title="Vimana (architectural feature)">Vimana</a>—horizontal stepped tower. Most notable examples are the <a href="/wiki/Thousand_Pillar_Temple" title="Thousand Pillar Temple">Thousand Pillar Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanamkonda" title="Hanamkonda">Hanamkonda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramappa_Temple" title="Ramappa Temple">Ramappa Temple</a> in Palampet, and <a href="/wiki/Kota_Gullu" title="Kota Gullu">Kota Gullu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ghanpur,_Mulugu_district" title="Ghanpur, Mulugu district">Ghanpur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Reddy2-73">[73]</a> Ramappa Temple, also known as the Rudreswara temple, is a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Mulugu" title="Mulugu">Mulugu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cinema">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Telugu_cinema" title="Telugu cinema">Telugu cinema</a></div><a href="/wiki/Telugu_cinema" title="Telugu cinema">Telugu cinema</a> is the largest film industry in India in terms of box-office as well as admissions.<a href="#cite_note-:15-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-:16-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-mint-42">[42]</a> The industry has produced some of India's <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_Indian_films" title="List of most expensive Indian films">most expensive</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_Indian_films" title="List of highest-grossing Indian films">highest-grossing films</a> of all time over the years. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clothing">Clothing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Clothing">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Masculine</li></ul> <ol><li>Uttareeyam (<a href="/wiki/Uttariya" title="Uttariya">Uttariya</a>) or Pai Pancha (<a href="/wiki/Angvastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Angvastra">Angvastram</a> or veil)</li> <li>Pancha (<a href="/wiki/Dhoti" title="Dhoti">Dhoti</a>)</li> <li>Jubba (<a href="/wiki/Kurta" title="Kurta">Kurta</a>) The top portion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungi" title="Lungi">Lungi</a> (Casual dress)</li></ol> <ul><li>Feminine</li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Langa_voni" title="Langa voni">Langa voni</a> (Half <a href="/wiki/Sari" title="Sari">sari</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattu_pavada" class="mw-redirect" title="Pattu pavada">Pattu pavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari" title="Sari">Cheera</a> (sari)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festivals">Festivals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Festivals">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="List of festivals in Andhra Pradesh">List of festivals in Andhra Pradesh</a></div> Important festivals celebrated by Telugu people include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Bhogi, Makara Sankranti, Kanuma</a> in January. (The exact date may vary as per the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a>.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Sivaratri</a> in February/March. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a> or the Telugu New Year in March/April. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Rama_Navami" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Rama Navami">Sri Rama Navami</a> celebrated in March/April, 9 days after Ugadi. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonalu" title="Bonalu">Bonalu</a> celebrated in <a href="/wiki/Ashada_masam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashada masam">Ashada masam</a> (July/August). (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman_Jayanti" title="Hanuman Jayanti">Hanuman Jayanti</a> in March/May/June. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikuntha_Ekadashi" title="Vaikuntha Ekadashi">Vaikunta Ekadasi</a> in December /January. (The exact date may vary as per Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varalakshmi_Vratam" title="Varalakshmi Vratam">Varalakshmi Vratam</a> in August. (The exact date may vary as per Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Krishna Janmashtami</a> in August. (The exact date may vary as per Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayaka_Chaviti" title="Vinayaka Chaviti">Vinayaka Chaviti</a> in August. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathukamma" title="Bathukamma">Bathukamma</a> celebrated for nine days during <a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Durga Navaratri</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Dasara</a> in September/October. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atla_Tadde" title="Atla Tadde">Atla Tadde</a> 3rd day in bright half of <a href="/wiki/Ashviyuja" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashviyuja">Ashviyuja</a> month (falls in September/October in Gregorian calendar). However, the exact date may vary according to the Hindu calendar.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepavali" class="mw-redirect" title="Deepavali">Deepavali</a> (date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagula_Chavithi" title="Nagula Chavithi">Nagula Chavithi</a> is in October/November. (The exact date may vary as per the Hindu calendar.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramzan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muharram" title="Muharram">Muharram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vesak" title="Vesak">Vesak</a> are among the minorities.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Sport">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Traditional_games_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Traditional games of Andhra Pradesh">Traditional games of Andhra Pradesh</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Population">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Castes_and_communities">Castes and communities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Castes and communities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Telugu_castes" title="List of Telugu castes">List of Telugu castes</a></div> The Telugu people are subdivided into several castes and communities such as the <a href="/wiki/Telugu_Brahmin" title="Telugu Brahmin">Telugu Brahmin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_Kshatriya_(Raju)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telugu Kshatriya (Raju) (page does not exist)">Telugu Kshatriya (Raju)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komati_(caste)" title="Komati (caste)">Komati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddy" title="Reddy">Reddy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamma_(caste)" title="Kamma (caste)">Kamma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kapu_(caste)" title="Kapu (caste)">Kapu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telaga" title="Telaga">Telaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balija" title="Balija">Balija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Velama" title="Velama">Velama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boya_(caste)" title="Boya (caste)">Boya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devanga" title="Devanga">Devanga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Padmasali" class="mw-redirect" title="Padmasali">Padmasali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhatraju" title="Bhatraju">Bhatraju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golla_(caste)" title="Golla (caste)">Golla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">Goud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mala_(caste)" title="Mala (caste)">Mala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madiga" title="Madiga">Madiga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jangam" title="Jangam">Jangam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuruba" title="Kuruba">Kuruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Relli_(caste)" title="Relli (caste)">Relli</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vaddera" title="Vaddera">Vaddera</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution">Distribution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Distribution">edit</a>]</div> Telugu is the third most common language in India, right behind Bengali. Telugu is predominantly spoken in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, although it’s also the official language of several other states like <a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar" class="mw-redirect" title="Andaman and Nicobar">Andaman and Nicobar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orissa" class="mw-redirect" title="Orissa">Orissa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kharagpur" title="Kharagpur">Kharagpur</a> of West Bengal, <a href="/wiki/Bellary" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellary">Bellary</a> Of Karnataka. It is a part of the Dravidian language family, which has been around for about 5,000 years. Outside <a href="/wiki/Telugu_states" title="Telugu states">Telugu states</a> the largest number of Telugu speakers are found in Karnataka (3.7 million) and Tamil Nadu, making them the second largest language groups in those neighbouring states.<a href="#cite_note-toi-97">[97]</a> In Karnataka, Telugu people are predominantly found in the border districts with majority in <a href="/wiki/Bengaluru" title="Bengaluru">Bengaluru</a> city and <a href="/wiki/Bellary" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellary">Bellary</a> city. In <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, the Telugu population is over 1.4 million, followed by 0.7 million in <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Orissa</a>. Other states with significant populations include <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> with 200,000, 150,000 and 100,000 respectively.<a href="#cite_note-toi-97">[97]</a> Members of the overseas <a href="/wiki/Telugu_diaspora" title="Telugu diaspora">Telugu diaspora</a> are spread across countries like <a href="/wiki/Telugu_Americans" title="Telugu Americans">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Australians" title="Indian Australians">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a>; <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Telugu" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Telugu">Malaysia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>; <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Arabian Gulf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:20-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-:21-98">[98]</a> Telugu speakers number more than 1,000,000 in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, with the highest concentration in Central New Jersey, Texas, and California.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> There are around 300,000 <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Telugu" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Telugu">Telugu people in Malaysia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> and 200,000 in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Telugu_people">Notable Telugu people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable Telugu people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Telugu_people" title="List of Telugu people">List of Telugu people</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_states" title="Telugu states">Telugu states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Andhra_Pradesh" title="List of people from Andhra Pradesh">List of people from Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Telangana" title="List of people from Telangana">List of people from Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Telugu development">Telugu development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Telugu cuisine">Telugu cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_cinema" title="Telugu cinema">Telugu cinema</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ethnologue-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue_1-7">h</a> <a 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BBC News. 20 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191213071110/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-45902204">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Do+you+speak+Telugu%3F+Welcome+to+America&rft.date=2018-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-45902204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SA-18"><a href="#cite_ref-SA_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/chapter-1-founding-provisions">"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 – Chapter 1: Founding Provisions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Africa" title="Government of South Africa">Government of South Africa</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141028043044/http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/chapter-1-founding-provisions">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2014. 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(1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vnO2BMPdYEoC&dq=Megasthenes+Andhras&pg=PA9">Buddhist Remains in Andhra and the History of Andhra Between 225 and 610 A.D.</a> <a href="/wiki/Asian_Educational_Services" title="Asian Educational Services">Asian Educational Services</a>. pp. 8, 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0444-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0444-5"><bdi>978-81-206-0444-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhist+Remains+in+Andhra+and+the+History+of+Andhra+Between+225+and+610+A.D.&rft.pages=8%2C+9&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-206-0444-5&rft.aulast=Subramanian&rft.aufirst=K.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvnO2BMPdYEoC%26dq%3DMegasthenes%2BAndhras%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMajumdar1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._C._Majumdar" title="R. 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Majumdar">Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra</a> (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&dq=Megasthenes+Andhras&pg=PA132">Ancient India</a>. <a href="/wiki/Motilal_Banarsidass" title="Motilal Banarsidass">Motilal Banarsidass</a>. p. 132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0436-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0436-4"><bdi>978-81-208-0436-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+India&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0436-4&rft.aulast=Majumdar&rft.aufirst=Ramesh+Chandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXNxiN5tzKOgC%26dq%3DMegasthenes%2BAndhras%26pg%3DPA132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kumar_Suresh_Singh" title="Kumar Suresh Singh">Singh, K. S.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Iv5s-qwMw30C&q=Aitareya+Brahmana">People of India: Andhra Pradesh</a>. <a href="/wiki/Anthropological_Survey_of_India" title="Anthropological Survey of India">Anthropological Survey of India</a>. p. 646. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7671-006-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7671-006-0"><bdi>978-81-7671-006-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=People+of+India%3A+Andhra+Pradesh&rft.pages=646&rft.pub=Anthropological+Survey+of+India&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-81-7671-006-0&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=K.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIv5s-qwMw30C%26q%3DAitareya%2BBrahmana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahadevan2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Iravatham_Mahadevan" title="Iravatham Mahadevan">Mahadevan, Iravatham</a> (1 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210610153451/https://rmrl.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/papers/41.pdf">"Harappan Heritage of Andhra: A New Interpretation"</a> (PDF). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rmrl.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/papers/41.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 10 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Dravidian+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Harappan+Heritage+of+Andhra%3A+A+New+Interpretation&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=12%2C+14&rft.date=2010-01-01&rft.aulast=Mahadevan&rft.aufirst=Iravatham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frmrl.in%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F02%2Fpapers%2F41.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_21-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChopra1994" class="citation book cs1">Chopra, Pran Nath (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zfFtAAAAMAAJ&q=Jataka+Tales+ANDHRAS">Encyclopaedia of India: Andhra Pradesh</a>. Rima Publishing House. p. 135.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+India%3A+Andhra+Pradesh&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=Rima+Publishing+House&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Chopra&rft.aufirst=Pran+Nath&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzfFtAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DJataka%2BTales%2BANDHRAS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV._D.2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vidya_Dhar_Mahajan" title="Vidya Dhar Mahajan">V. D., Mahajan</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7TJlDwAAQBAJ&dq=Megasthenes+Andhras&pg=PA297">Ancient India</a>. <a href="/wiki/S._Chand_Group" title="S. Chand Group">S. Chand Publishing</a>. p. 297. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-5253-132-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-5253-132-5"><bdi>978-93-5253-132-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+India&rft.pages=297&rft.pub=S.+Chand+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-93-5253-132-5&rft.aulast=V.+D.&rft.aufirst=Mahajan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7TJlDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DMegasthenes%2BAndhras%26pg%3DPA297&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolpert1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wolpert" title="Stanley Wolpert">Wolpert, Stanley A.</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QSZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Andhra">A New History of India</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 75, 76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505636-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505636-5"><bdi>978-0-19-505636-5</bdi></a>. <q>Apparently originating somewhere between the peninsular rivers Godavari and Krishna, homeland of the Dravidian Telugu-speaking peoples whose descendants now live in a state called Andhra, the great Andhra dynasty spread across much of south and central India from the second century BC till the second century AD.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+History+of+India&rft.pages=75%2C+76&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-19-505636-5&rft.aulast=Wolpert&rft.aufirst=Stanley+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQSZuAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DAndhra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Andhra-Pradesh/History">"History of Andhra Pradesh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a>. Retrieved 26 March 2023. <q>About the 1st century CE the Satavahanas (or Satakarni), one of the most-renowned of the Andhra dynasties, came to power.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=History+of+Andhra+Pradesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FAndhra-Pradesh%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShastri1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ajay_Mitra_Shastri" title="Ajay Mitra Shastri">Shastri, Ajay Mitra</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ&q=satavahanas+telugu">The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: A Historical Framework</a>. Dattsons. pp. 11, 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7192-031-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7192-031-0"><bdi>978-81-7192-031-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+S%C4%81tav%C4%81hanas+and+the+Western+Kshatrapas%3A+A+Historical+Framework&rft.pages=11%2C+12&rft.pub=Dattsons&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-81-7192-031-0&rft.aulast=Shastri&rft.aufirst=Ajay+Mitra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS0puAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dsatavahanas%2Btelugu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_24-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolpert1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wolpert" title="Stanley Wolpert">Wolpert, Stanley A.</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QSZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Andhra">A New History of India</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 75, 76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505636-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505636-5"><bdi>978-0-19-505636-5</bdi></a>. <q>Amaravati on the banks of the Krishna, which was later the southeast capital of the Satavahanas, flourished in its trade with Rome, Ceylon, and Southeast Asia, and may well have been the most prosperous city of India during the second century of the Christian era.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+History+of+India&rft.pages=75%2C+76&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-19-505636-5&rft.aulast=Wolpert&rft.aufirst=Stanley+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQSZuAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DAndhra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Miśra, Bhāskaranātha; Rao, Manjushri; Pande, Susmita, eds. (1996). India's Cultural Relations with South-east Asia. Sharada Publishing House. pp. 70, 71. ISBN 978-81-85616-39-1. </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_26-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalbot2001" class="citation book cs1">Talbot, Cynthia (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HSfoCwAAQBAJ&dq=Kakatiyas+unified+various+Telugu-speaking+areas&pg=PA126">Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513661-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513661-6"><bdi>978-0-19-513661-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Precolonial+India+in+Practice%3A+Society%2C+Region%2C+and+Identity+in+Medieval+Andhra&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-513661-6&rft.aulast=Talbot&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHSfoCwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DKakatiyas%2Bunified%2Bvarious%2BTelugu-speaking%2Bareas%26pg%3DPA126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:17-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:17_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_27-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaradaraja" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Varadaraja_V._Raman" title="Varadaraja V. Raman">Varadaraja, V. Raman</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GWIkmUq8lIUC&dq=Telugu+vijayanagara+zenith&pg=PA136">Glimpses of Indian Heritage</a>. Popular Prakashan. p. 136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7154-758-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7154-758-6"><bdi>978-81-7154-758-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glimpses+of+Indian+Heritage&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=Popular+Prakashan&rft.isbn=978-81-7154-758-6&rft.aulast=Varadaraja&rft.aufirst=V.+Raman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGWIkmUq8lIUC%26dq%3DTelugu%2Bvijayanagara%2Bzenith%26pg%3DPA136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsherTalbot2006" class="citation book cs1">Asher, Catherine B.; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/indiabeforeeurop0000ashe">India before Europe</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80904-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80904-7"><bdi>978-0-521-80904-7</bdi></a>. <q>The Telugu language became particularly prominent in ruling circles by the early sixteenth century, because of the large number of warrior lords who were either from Andhra or had served the kingdom there.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+before+Europe&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-521-80904-7&rft.aulast=Asher&rft.aufirst=Catherine+B.&rft.au=Talbot%2C+Cynthia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findiabeforeeurop0000ashe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHabibRaychaudhuri2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Irfan_Habib" title="Irfan Habib">Habib, Irfan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tapan_Raychaudhuri" title="Tapan Raychaudhuri">Raychaudhuri, Tapan</a>, eds. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PsyatLixPsUC&dq=Telugu&pg=PA110">Cambridge Economic History Of India Vol-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 106, 457. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-250-2730-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-250-2730-0"><bdi>978-81-250-2730-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cambridge+Economic+History+Of+India+Vol-1&rft.pages=106%2C+457&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-81-250-2730-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPsyatLixPsUC%26dq%3DTelugu%26pg%3DPA110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStein1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Burton_Stein" title="Burton Stein">Stein, Burton</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OpxeaYQbGDMC&dq=Nayaka+zenith&pg=PA131">The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 130–132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-26693-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-26693-2"><bdi>978-0-521-26693-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+History+of+India%3A+Vijayanagara&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E130-%3C%2Fspan%3E132&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-521-26693-2&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=Burton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOpxeaYQbGDMC%26dq%3DNayaka%2Bzenith%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPillalamarri2018" class="citation web cs1">Pillalamarri, Akhilesh (10 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/south-indias-warrior-lords-the-telugus/">"South India's Warrior Lords: The Telugus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Diplomat_(magazine)" title="The Diplomat (magazine)">The Diplomat</a>. Retrieved 7 August 2024. <q>Telugu warrior nayaks (chiefs) were the ruling class over much of South India — including ethnic Tamil and Kannada areas — and were in some ways, served the same function as the rajput warrior clans of northern India. The last dynasty to rule Sri Lanka before the annexation of the Kingdom of Kandy by the British, were also Telugu nayaks.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=South+India%E2%80%99s+Warrior+Lords%3A+The+Telugus&rft.date=2018-08-10&rft.aulast=Pillalamarri&rft.aufirst=Akhilesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2018%2F08%2Fsouth-indias-warrior-lords-the-telugus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> * <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuthiah2017" class="citation news cs1">Muthiah, S. (27 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/society/the-last-king-of-kandy/article17675774.ece">"The Nayaka kings of Kandy"</a>. The Hindu. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. Retrieved 23 October 2020. <q>All four worshipped at Buddhist and Hindu shrines, used Sinhala and Tamil as court languages (though they spoke Telugu), and encouraged their courtiers to take wives from Madurai and Thanjavur.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=The+Nayaka+kings+of+Kandy&rft.date=2017-03-27&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Muthiah&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fsociety%2Fthe-last-king-of-kandy%2Farticle17675774.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CJ1RAQAAIAAJ&q=kandy+telugu">The Journal of Asian studies</a>. Vol. 53. Issue 1-2. University of California. 1994. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Journal+of+Asian+studies&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=University+of+California&rft.date=1994&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCJ1RAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dkandy%2Btelugu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-high_culture-31"><a href="#cite_ref-high_culture_31-0">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinterbottom2016" class="citation book cs1">Winterbottom, Anna (29 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b3wYDAAAQBAJ&dq=telugu+high+culture&pg=PA120">Hybrid Knowledge in the Early East India Company World</a>. Springer. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-38020-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-38020-3"><bdi>978-1-137-38020-3</bdi></a>. <q>Telugu had become the language of high culture in southern India during the medieval period, and by the seventeenth century its status rivalled that of Sanskrit.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hybrid+Knowledge+in+the+Early+East+India+Company+World&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016-04-29&rft.isbn=978-1-137-38020-3&rft.aulast=Winterbottom&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db3wYDAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dtelugu%2Bhigh%2Bculture%26pg%3DPA120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stoler_Miller" title="Barbara Stoler Miller">Miller, Barbara Stoler</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q3_WAAAAMAAJ&q=Telugu+language+of+high+culture">The Powers of Art: Patronage in Indian Culture</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-562842-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-562842-5"><bdi>978-0-19-562842-5</bdi></a>. <q>In Tyagaraja's time, Telugu was the language of high culture even in Tanjore, the heartland of the Tamil linguistic area.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Powers+of+Art%3A+Patronage+in+Indian+Culture&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-19-562842-5&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Barbara+Stoler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ3_WAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DTelugu%2Blanguage%2Bof%2Bhigh%2Bculture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamaswamy2017" class="citation book cs1">Ramaswamy, Vijaya (25 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALUvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA88">Historical Dictionary of the Tamils</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0686-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0686-0"><bdi>978-1-5381-0686-0</bdi></a>. <q>In precolonial or early-modern South India, Telugu became the cultural language of the south, including the Tamil country, somewhat similar to the overwhelming dominance of French as the cultural language of modern Europe during roughly the same era. Therefore, Telugu predominates in the evolution of Carnatic music, and it is the practice to teach Telugu language in music colleges to those aspiring to become singers.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Tamils&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2017-08-25&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0686-0&rft.aulast=Ramaswamy&rft.aufirst=Vijaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALUvDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamaswamy2017" class="citation book cs1">Ramaswamy, Vijaya (25 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALUvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA88">Historical Dictionary of the Tamils</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0686-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0686-0"><bdi>978-1-5381-0686-0</bdi></a>. <q>In precolonial or early-modern South India, Telugu became the cultural language of the south, including the Tamil country, somewhat similar to the overwhelming dominance of French as the cultural language of modern Europe during roughly the same era. Therefore, Telugu predominates in the evolution of Carnatic music, and it is the practice to teach Telugu language in music colleges to those aspiring to become singers.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Tamils&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2017-08-25&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0686-0&rft.aulast=Ramaswamy&rft.aufirst=Vijaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALUvDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Arnold, Alison, ed. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZOlNv8MAXIEC&dq=telugu+court+language&pg=PA269">The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music</a>. Vol. 5: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent. Taylor & Francis. pp. 231, 232, 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-4946-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-4946-1"><bdi>978-0-8240-4946-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Garland+Encyclopedia+of+World+Music&rft.pages=231%2C+232%2C+269&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8240-4946-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZOlNv8MAXIEC%26dq%3Dtelugu%2Bcourt%2Blanguage%26pg%3DPA269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandel2003" class="citation book cs1">Randel, Don Michael (28 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2udRDwAAQBAJ&dq=Telugu+carnatic+music&pg=PT1331">The Harvard Dictionary of Music: Fourth Edition</a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-41799-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-41799-1"><bdi>978-0-674-41799-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Harvard+Dictionary+of+Music%3A+Fourth+Edition&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2003-11-28&rft.isbn=978-0-674-41799-1&rft.aulast=Randel&rft.aufirst=Don+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2udRDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DTelugu%2Bcarnatic%2Bmusic%26pg%3DPT1331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShulman2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Dean_Shulman" title="David Dean Shulman">Shulman, David</a> (1 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=80gWwO3XJOMC&dq=Telugu+musical+language&pg=PR14">Spring, Heat, Rains: A South Indian Diary</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. pp. xiii, xiv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-75578-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-75578-6"><bdi>978-0-226-75578-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spring%2C+Heat%2C+Rains%3A+A+South+Indian+Diary&rft.pages=xiii%2C+xiv&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.isbn=978-0-226-75578-6&rft.aulast=Shulman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D80gWwO3XJOMC%26dq%3DTelugu%2Bmusical%2Blanguage%26pg%3DPR14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPal1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pratapaditya_Pal" title="Pratapaditya Pal">Pal, Pratapaditya</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=clUmKaWRFTkC&q=Andhra+style+of+sculpture">Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art" title="Los Angeles County Museum of Art">Los Angeles County Museum of Art</a>. p. 154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-05991-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-05991-7"><bdi>978-0-520-05991-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Sculpture%3A+Circa+500+B.C.-A.D.+700&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=Los+Angeles+County+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-520-05991-7&rft.aulast=Pal&rft.aufirst=Pratapaditya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DclUmKaWRFTkC%26q%3DAndhra%2Bstyle%2Bof%2Bsculpture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFRowland1967">Rowland 1967</a>, p. 210</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Amaravati-sculpture">"Amarāvatī sculpture"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a>. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Amar%C4%81vat%C4%AB+sculpture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FAmaravati-sculpture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarder2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._K._Warder" title="A. K. Warder">Warder, Anthony Kennedy</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sE8MgUVGNHkC&q=Andhra">Indian Buddhism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Motilal_Banarsidass" title="Motilal Banarsidass">Motilal Banarsidass</a>. pp. 336, 355, 402, 464. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1741-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1741-8"><bdi>978-81-208-1741-8</bdi></a>. <q>Those of us who have studied the evidence above will prefer to locate this source of most of the Mahāyāna sutras in Andhra. (p. 355) From the internal evidence it appears that this sutra was written in South India, very likely in Andhra, in which case the country of origin of the Mahāyāna continued in the lead in the development of new ideas in India. (p. 402)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Buddhism&rft.pages=336%2C+355%2C+402%2C+464&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1741-8&rft.aulast=Warder&rft.aufirst=Anthony+Kennedy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsE8MgUVGNHkC%26q%3DAndhra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Guang Xing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28569/1/10672728.pdf">The Evolution of the Concept of the Buddha from Early Buddhism to the Formulation of the Trikaya Theory</a>. 2002. p. 104. "Several scholars have suggested that the Prajñāpāramitā probably developed among the Mahasamghikas in Southern India, in the Andhra country, on the Krishna River."</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(Buddhist_studies_scholar)" title="Paul Williams (Buddhist studies scholar)">Williams, Paul</a>. Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd edition. Routledge, 2009, p. 47.</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Feb2022-36"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Feb2022_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFరెడ్డి2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">రెడ్డి, తులసీ ప్రసాద్ (22 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/telugu/india-60467482">"కడప జిల్లాలోని కలమల్ల శాసనమే తొలి తెలుగు శాసనమా?"</a>. BBC News తెలుగు (in Telugu). Retrieved 5 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81&rft.atitle=%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AA+%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF+%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2+%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87+%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF+%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81+%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%3F&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft.aulast=%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF&rft.aufirst=%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80+%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ftelugu%2Findia-60467482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:18_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:18_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreeneCushman2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roland_Greene" title="Roland Greene">Greene, Roland</a>; Cushman, Stephen (22 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dC7FCgAAQBAJ&dq=Telugu+literature+thousand+years&pg=PA541">The Princeton Handbook of World Poetries</a>. Princeton University Press. p. 541. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-8063-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-8063-8"><bdi>978-1-4008-8063-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Princeton+Handbook+of+World+Poetries&rft.pages=541&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2016-11-22&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-8063-8&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.au=Cushman%2C+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdC7FCgAAQBAJ%26dq%3DTelugu%2Bliterature%2Bthousand%2Byears%26pg%3DPA541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:19-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:19_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:19_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarder2017" class="citation book cs1">Harder, Hans (3 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NlsvDwAAQBAJ&dq=Telugu+literature+thousand+years&pg=PT87">Literature and Nationalist Ideology: Writing Histories of Modern Indian Languages</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-38435-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-38435-3"><bdi>978-1-351-38435-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literature+and+Nationalist+Ideology%3A+Writing+Histories+of+Modern+Indian+Languages&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017-08-03&rft.isbn=978-1-351-38435-3&rft.aulast=Harder&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNlsvDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DTelugu%2Bliterature%2Bthousand%2Byears%26pg%3DPT87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsnes2001" class="citation book cs1">Osnes, Beth (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WTkCI62oXjEC&dq=Tholu+bommalata&pg=PA335">Acting: An International Encyclopedia</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-Clio" title="ABC-Clio">ABC-Clio</a>. pp. 152, 335. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87436-795-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87436-795-9"><bdi>978-0-87436-795-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acting%3A+An+International+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=152%2C+335&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-87436-795-9&rft.aulast=Osnes&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWTkCI62oXjEC%26dq%3DTholu%2Bbommalata%26pg%3DPA335&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/wayang">"Wayang | Indonesian theatre"</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 3 April 2023. <q>Developed before the 10th century, the form had origins in the tholu bommalata, the leather puppets of southern India. The art of shadow puppetry probably spread to Java with the spread of Hinduism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Wayang+%7C+Indonesian+theatre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fwayang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeith1999" class="citation web cs1">Keith, Rawlings (November 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.citenet.net/users/ctmw2400/chapter2.html">"Observations on the historical development of puppetry - Chapter Two"</a>. Retrieved 3 April 2023. <q>Perhaps the most interesting of the south-Indian puppet types for me, however, were the tholu bommalata -- the articulated, leather, shadow puppets -- which are the probable ancestors of Indonesia's wayang.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Observations+on+the+historical+development+of+puppetry+-+Chapter+Two&rft.date=1999-11&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=Rawlings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpages.citenet.net%2Fusers%2Fctmw2400%2Fchapter2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurrell1974" class="citation book cs1">Currell, David (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mUbHDOdulAwC&q=bommalata++wayang">The Complete Book of Puppetry</a>. Pitman. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-273-36118-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-273-36118-3"><bdi>978-0-273-36118-3</bdi></a>. <q>The tolu bommalata shadow puppets are found in the Andhra region and may be the origin of the Javanese wayang kulit puppets.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Book+of+Puppetry&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Pitman&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-273-36118-3&rft.aulast=Currell&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmUbHDOdulAwC%26q%3Dbommalata%2B%2Bwayang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDatta1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Amaresh_Datta" title="Amaresh Datta">Datta, Amaresh</a> (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&dq=leather+puppet+play+Andhra+Indonesia&pg=PA1317">Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Devraj to Jyoti</a>. Sahitya Akademi. p. 1317. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1194-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1194-0"><bdi>978-81-260-1194-0</bdi></a>. <q>Puppetry is one of the most ancient Indian folk arts and Andhra history records that this art was in vogue during the Satavahana period in the 4th century B.C. Art critics opine that the puppetry spread from Andhra to Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, and from there to Africa, Greece, Macedonia and the Byzantine empire.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Indian+Literature%3A+Devraj+to+Jyoti&rft.pages=1317&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-81-260-1194-0&rft.aulast=Datta&rft.aufirst=Amaresh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzB4n3MVozbUC%26dq%3Dleather%2Bpuppet%2Bplay%2BAndhra%2BIndonesia%26pg%3DPA1317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRāmarāju1991" class="citation book cs1">Rāmarāju, Bi (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=744OAAAAYAAJ&q=leather+puppet+play">Glimpses Into Telugu Folklore</a>. Janapada Vijnana Prachuranalu. p. 90. <q>Leather puppet shadow play is one of the most ancient performing folk art forms known to Andhras from 3rd century B.C. Historians and art critics opine that it spread to Java, Malaysia, and Indonesia from Andhra.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glimpses+Into+Telugu+Folklore&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Janapada+Vijnana+Prachuranalu&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=R%C4%81mar%C4%81ju&rft.aufirst=Bi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D744OAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dleather%2Bpuppet%2Bplay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma2004" class="citation book cs1">Sharma, Manorma (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Le7ZAAAAMAAJ&q=Tholu+Bommalata+Wayang+Telugu">Folk India: A Comprehenseive Study of Indian Folk Music and Culture</a>. Sundeep Prakashan. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7574-140-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7574-140-9"><bdi>978-81-7574-140-9</bdi></a>. <q>Indonesian version of Tholu Bommalata known as "Wayang" has roots in the Telugu-speaking region.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Folk+India%3A+A+Comprehenseive+Study+of+Indian+Folk+Music+and+Culture&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Sundeep+Prakashan&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7574-140-9&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Manorma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLe7ZAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DTholu%2BBommalata%2BWayang%2BTelugu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAutiero" class="citation book cs1">Autiero, Serena. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/37454976">Tholu Bommalata: Telugu Shadow Puppet Theatre</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tholu+Bommalata%3A+Telugu+Shadow+Puppet+Theatre&rft.aulast=Autiero&rft.aufirst=Serena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F37454976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-:16-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:16_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:16_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesstoday.in/trending/box-office/story/why-telugu-films-gave-hindi-films-a-run-for-their-money-in-the-pandemic-322690-2022-02-15">"Why Telugu films gave Hindi films a run for their money in the pandemic"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Today_(India)" title="Business Today (India)">Business Today</a>. 15 February 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Today&rft.atitle=Why+Telugu+films+gave+Hindi+films+a+run+for+their+money+in+the+pandemic&rft.date=2022-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstoday.in%2Ftrending%2Fbox-office%2Fstory%2Fwhy-telugu-films-gave-hindi-films-a-run-for-their-money-in-the-pandemic-322690-2022-02-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mint-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mint_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mint_42-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJha2023" class="citation web cs1">Jha, Lata (31 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livemint.com/industry/media/footfallsforhindifilmsslumpupto50-11675188279041.html">"Footfalls for Hindi films slump up to 50%"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mint_(newspaper)" title="Mint (newspaper)">Mint</a>. Retrieved 14 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mint&rft.atitle=Footfalls+for+Hindi+films+slump+up+to+50%25&rft.date=2023-01-31&rft.aulast=Jha&rft.aufirst=Lata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2Findustry%2Fmedia%2Ffootfallsforhindifilmsslumpupto50-11675188279041.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news18.com/lifestyle/telugu-language-day-2023-history-significance-and-impact-of-telugu-cinema-8554589.html">"Telugu Language Day 2023: History, Significance, and Impact of Telugu Cinema"</a>. News18. 29 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News18&rft.atitle=Telugu+Language+Day+2023%3A+History%2C+Significance%2C+and+Impact+of+Telugu+Cinema&rft.date=2023-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news18.com%2Flifestyle%2Ftelugu-language-day-2023-history-significance-and-impact-of-telugu-cinema-8554589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Chapter_2-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Chapter_2_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRaoShulman2002">Rao & Shulman 2002</a>, Chapter 2. sfn error: no target: CITEREFRaoShulman2002 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParpola2015" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Asko_Parpola" title="Asko Parpola">Parpola, Asko</a> (2015), The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, p. 167, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0190226923" title="Special:BookSources/978-0190226923"><bdi>978-0190226923</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roots+of+Hinduism%3A+The+Early+Aryans+and+the+Indus+Civilization&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0190226923&rft.aulast=Parpola&rft.aufirst=Asko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Telugu Basha Charitra. Hyderabad: Osmania University. 1979. pp. 6, 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Telugu+Basha+Charitra&rft.place=Hyderabad&rft.pages=6%2C+7&rft.pub=Osmania+University&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The Dravidian Languages – Bhadriraju Krishnamurti.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dravidian+Languages+%E2%80%93+Bhadriraju+Krishnamurti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Introduction-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaoShulman2002Introduction_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRaoShulman2002">Rao & Shulman 2002</a>, Introduction. sfn error: no target: CITEREFRaoShulman2002 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChenchiahRao1988" class="citation book cs1">Chenchiah, P.; Rao, Raja M. Bhujanga (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xwXx7LB-ai4C&pg=PA55">A History of Telugu Literature</a>. Asian Educational Services. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0313-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0313-4"><bdi>978-81-206-0313-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221013130924/https://books.google.com/books?id=xwXx7LB-ai4C&pg=PA55">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Telugu+Literature&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-81-206-0313-4&rft.aulast=Chenchiah&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.au=Rao%2C+Raja+M.+Bhujanga&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxwXx7LB-ai4C%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bBJuAAAAMAAJ&q=Atharvana">Sri Venkateswara University Oriental Journal</a>. Vol. 17. Oriental Research Institute, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Venkateswara_University" title="Sri Venkateswara University">Sri Venkateswara University</a>. 1974. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sri+Venkateswara+University+Oriental+Journal&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Oriental+Research+Institute%2C+Sri+Venkateswara+University&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbBJuAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DAtharvana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurushottam1996" class="citation book cs1">Purushottam, Boddupalli (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_lZkAAAAMAAJ&q=Atharvana+Telugu+Grammar">The Theories of Telugu Grammar</a>. International School of Dravidian Linguistics. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-85692-17-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-85692-17-3"><bdi>978-81-85692-17-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Theories+of+Telugu+Grammar&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=International+School+of+Dravidian+Linguistics&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-81-85692-17-3&rft.aulast=Purushottam&rft.aufirst=Boddupalli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_lZkAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DAtharvana%2BTelugu%2BGrammar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAksharajna1915" class="citation book cs1">Aksharajna (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh43AQAAMAAJ&q=Atharvana+Telugu+Grammar">Some Mile-stones in Telugu Literature</a>. Read & Company. p. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+Mile-stones+in+Telugu+Literature&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Read+%26+Company&rft.date=1915&rft.au=Aksharajna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDh43AQAAMAAJ%26q%3DAtharvana%2BTelugu%2BGrammar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherwani1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Haroon_Khan_Sherwani" title="Haroon Khan Sherwani">Sherwani, Haroon Khan</a> (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9T5uAAAAMAAJ&q=Atharvana+Telugu+Grammar">History of Medieval Deccan, 1295-1724: Mainly cultural aspects</a>. Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 167.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Medieval+Deccan%2C+1295-1724%3A+Mainly+cultural+aspects&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Government+of+Andhra+Pradesh&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Sherwani&rft.aufirst=Haroon+Khan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9T5uAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DAtharvana%2BTelugu%2BGrammar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1839" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Phillip_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Phillip Brown">Brown, Charles P.</a> (1839), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZhkYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA53">"Essay on the Language and Literature of Telugus"</a>, Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vol. X, Vepery mission Press., p. 53, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221013130924/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZhkYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA53">archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2022, retrieved 26 January 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Essay+on+the+Language+and+Literature+of+Telugus&rft.btitle=Madras+Journal+of+Literature+and+Science&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Vepery+mission+Press.&rft.date=1839&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Charles+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZhkYAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grierson1967-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Grierson1967_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrierson1967" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/George_Abraham_Grierson" title="George Abraham Grierson">Grierson, George A.</a> (1967) [1906]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rosettaproject_tel_detail-1">"Telugu"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/lsi/lsi.php?volume=4&pages=701">Linguistic Survey of India</a>. Vol. IV, Mundā and Dravidian languages. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 576. Retrieved 12 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Telugu&rft.btitle=Linguistic+Survey+of+India&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pages=576&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Grierson&rft.aufirst=George+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frosettaproject_tel_detail-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSekaram1973" class="citation cs2">Sekaram, Kandavalli Balendu (1973), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E6E5AQAAIAAJ">The Andhras through the ages</a>, Sri Saraswati Book Depot, p. 4, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221013130925/https://books.google.com/books?id=E6E5AQAAIAAJ">archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2022, retrieved 25 January 2017, <q>The easier and more ancient "Telugu" appears to have been converted here into the impressive Sanskrit word Trilinga, and making use of its enormous prestige as the classical language, the theory was put forth that the word Trilinga is the mother and not the child.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Andhras+through+the+ages&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Sri+Saraswati+Book+Depot&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Sekaram&rft.aufirst=Kandavalli+Balendu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE6E5AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaldwell1856" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Caldwell" title="Robert Caldwell">Caldwell, Robert</a> (1856), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil_elib/Cdw856__Caldwell_ComparativeGrammarDravidian.pdf">A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages</a> (PDF), London: Harrison, p. 64, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil_elib/Cdw856__Caldwell_ComparativeGrammarDravidian.pdf">archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Comparative+Grammar+of+the+Dravidian+or+South-Indian+Family+of+Languages&rft.place=London&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Harrison&rft.date=1856&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de%2Fgretil_elib%2FCdw856__Caldwell_ComparativeGrammarDravidian.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:142-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:142_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:142_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahadevan2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Iravatham_Mahadevan" title="Iravatham Mahadevan">Mahadevan, Iravatham</a> (1 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210610153451/https://rmrl.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/papers/41.pdf">"Harappan Heritage of Andhra: A New Interpretation"</a> (PDF). 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Abhinav Publications. pp. 48, 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-090-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-090-7"><bdi>978-81-7017-090-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thai+Art+with+Indian+Influences&rft.pages=48%2C+49&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-090-7&rft.aulast=Jermsawatdi&rft.aufirst=Promsak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0O9je9dECH8C%26dq%3DAmaravati%2BSchooli%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> Harle, 35 </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> Harle, 34 </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-90"><a href="#cite_ref-:13_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRowland1967">Rowland 1967</a>, p. 210 </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChowdhuri2022" class="citation web cs1">Chowdhuri, Sreyashi Ray (24 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/history/essay/amaravati-art-study/d/doc1147549.html">"Impact of Amarāvatī on early schools of art of South-East Asia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Calcutta" title="University of Calcutta">University of Calcutta</a>. 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Accessed 27 Mar. 2023. </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1570/">"Kakatiya Rudreswara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana"</a>. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 1 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.atitle=Kakatiya+Rudreswara+%28Ramappa%29+Temple%2C+Telangana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1570%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1999" class="citation book cs1">Singh, B. Satyanarayana (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SujVAAAAMAAJ">The Art and Architecture of the Kākatīyas</a>. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. pp. 33, 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-86050-34-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-86050-34-7"><bdi>978-81-86050-34-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+and+Architecture+of+the+K%C4%81kat%C4%AByas&rft.pages=33%2C+65&rft.pub=Bharatiya+Kala+Prakashan&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-81-86050-34-7&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=B.+Satyanarayana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSujVAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-95"><a href="#cite_ref-auto_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNanisetti2021" class="citation news cs1">Nanisetti, Serish (25 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/telanganas-ramappa-temple-inscribed-as-a-world-heritage-site/article35522471.ece">"Telangana's Ramappa Temple inscribed as a World Heritage Site"</a>. The Hindu. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. Retrieved 25 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Telangana%27s+Ramappa+Temple+inscribed+as+a+World+Heritage+Site&rft.date=2021-07-25&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Nanisetti&rft.aufirst=Serish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Ftelangana%2Ftelanganas-ramappa-temple-inscribed-as-a-world-heritage-site%2Farticle35522471.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:15-96"><a href="#cite_ref-:15_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKohli-Khandekar2022" class="citation news cs1">Kohli-Khandekar, Vanita (4 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/entertainment/rise-of-the-south-telugu-cinema-sets-indian-box-office-on-fire-122020400061_1.html#:~:text=Telugu%20cinema%20has%20zoomed%20through,2021%20after%20Tanhaji%20(Hindi).">"Rise of the South: Telugu cinema sets Indian box office on fire"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Standard" title="Business Standard">Business Standard</a>. Retrieved 11 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard&rft.atitle=Rise+of+the+South%3A+Telugu+cinema+sets+Indian+box+office+on+fire&rft.date=2022-02-04&rft.aulast=Kohli-Khandekar&rft.aufirst=Vanita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-standard.com%2Farticle%2Fentertainment%2Frise-of-the-south-telugu-cinema-sets-indian-box-office-on-fire-122020400061_1.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DTelugu%2520cinema%2520has%2520zoomed%2520through%2C2021%2520after%2520Tanhaji%2520%28Hindi%29.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-toi-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toi_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-toi_97-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Kannadigas-outnumber-Malayalis-21-in-Tamil-Nadu/articleshow/2952062.cms">"Kannadigas outnumber Malayalis 2:1 in Tamil Nadu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a>. 15 April 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111113162926/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-04-15/chennai/27759074_1_telugus-punjabis-bengalis">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Kannadigas+outnumber+Malayalis+2%3A1+in+Tamil+Nadu&rft.date=2008-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fchennai%2FKannadigas-outnumber-Malayalis-21-in-Tamil-Nadu%2Farticleshow%2F2952062.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:21-98"><a href="#cite_ref-:21_98-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajanSaxena2019" class="citation book cs1">Rajan, S. Irudaya; Saxena, Prem (10 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jm21DwAAQBAJ&dq=telugu+people+gulf&pg=PA281">India's Low-Skilled Migration to the Middle East: Policies, Politics and Challenges</a>. Springer Nature. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-13-9224-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-13-9224-5"><bdi>978-981-13-9224-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221013130925/https://books.google.com/books?id=jm21DwAAQBAJ&dq=telugu+people+gulf&pg=PA281">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+Low-Skilled+Migration+to+the+Middle+East%3A+Policies%2C+Politics+and+Challenges&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2019-10-10&rft.isbn=978-981-13-9224-5&rft.aulast=Rajan&rft.aufirst=S.+Irudaya&rft.au=Saxena%2C+Prem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djm21DwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dtelugu%2Bpeople%2Bgulf%26pg%3DPA281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvadhuta2017" class="citation web cs1">Avadhuta, Mahesh (14 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/141217/telugu-language-scores-big-in-us.html">"Telugu language scores big in the US"</a>. Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 18 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deccan+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Telugu+language+scores+big+in+the+US&rft.date=2017-12-14&rft.aulast=Avadhuta&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanchronicle.com%2Fnation%2Fcurrent-affairs%2F141217%2Ftelugu-language-scores-big-in-us.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSatyanarayana2008" class="citation cs1">Satyanarayana, Adapa (2008). Proceedings of the Indian History Congress Vol. 69 : Telugu Diaspora in South East/West Asia, 1871-1990. Indian History Congress.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Indian+History+Congress+Vol.+69+%3A+Telugu+Diaspora+in+South+East%2FWest+Asia%2C+1871-1990&rft.pub=Indian+History+Congress&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Satyanarayana&rft.aufirst=Adapa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/telugu-population-dwindling-in-myanmar/article22926312.ece">"'Telugu population dwindling in Myanmar'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. 4 March 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. Retrieved 11 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=%27Telugu+population+dwindling+in+Myanmar%27&rft.date=2018-03-04&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2FVijayawada%2Ftelugu-population-dwindling-in-myanmar%2Farticle22926312.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowland1967" class="citation book cs1">Rowland, Benjamin (1967). The Art and Architecture of India: Buddhist, Hindu, Jain (3rd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books#Pelican_History_of_Art" title="Penguin Books">Pelican History of Art, Penguin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0140561021" title="Special:BookSources/0140561021"><bdi>0140561021</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+and+Architecture+of+India%3A+Buddhist%2C+Hindu%2C+Jain&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pelican+History+of+Art%2C+Penguin&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=0140561021&rft.aulast=Rowland&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelugu+people" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Harle, J.C., The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent, 2nd edn. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0300062176" title="Special:BookSources/0300062176">0300062176</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Telugu_people&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telugu_people" class="extiw" 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data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Telangana" title="Architecture of Telangana">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_cuisine" title="Telangana cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Telangana" title="Culture of Telangana">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Telangana" title="Demographics of Telangana">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Telangana" title="Economy of Telangana">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Telangana" title="Education in Telangana">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana#Geography" title="Telangana">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Telangana" title="Government of Telangana">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Telangana" title="History of Telangana">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Language_Day" title="Telangana Language Day">Language day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Telangana" title="Politics of Telangana">Politics</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Telangana" title="List of people from Telangana">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Telangana" title="Tourism in Telangana">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dynasties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnukundina_dynasty" title="Vishnukundina dynasty">Vishnukundinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalukya_dynasty" title="Chalukya dynasty">Chalukyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_Empire" title="Rashtrakuta Empire">Rastrakutas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Chalukya_Empire" title="Western Chalukya Empire">Western Chalukyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musunuri_Nayakas" title="Musunuri Nayakas">Musunuri Nayakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahmani_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahmani Sultanate">Bahmanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Golconda" title="Sultanate of Golconda">Qutb Shahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Asaf Jahi dynasty (Nizams)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Telangana" title="List of districts of Telangana">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adilabad_district" title="Adilabad district">Adilabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komaram_Bheem_Asifabad_district" title="Komaram Bheem Asifabad district">Komaram Bheem Asifabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadradri_Kothagudem_district" title="Bhadradri Kothagudem district">Bhadradri Kothagudem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanamkonda_district" title="Hanamkonda district">Hanamkonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_district,_India" title="Hyderabad district, India">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagtial_district" title="Jagtial district">Jagtial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangaon_district" title="Jangaon district">Jangaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayashankar_Bhupalpally_district" title="Jayashankar Bhupalpally district">Jayashankar Bhupalpally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogulamba_Gadwal_district" title="Jogulamba Gadwal district">Jogulamba Gadwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamareddy_district" title="Kamareddy district">Kamareddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karimnagar_district" title="Karimnagar district">Karimnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khammam_district" title="Khammam district">Khammam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabubabad_district" title="Mahabubabad district">Mahabubabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabubnagar_district" title="Mahabubnagar district">Mahabubnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mancherial_district" title="Mancherial district">Mancherial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medak_district" title="Medak district">Medak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medchal-Malkajgiri_district" title="Medchal-Malkajgiri district">Medchal-Malkajgiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulugu_district" title="Mulugu district">Mulugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagarkurnool_district" title="Nagarkurnool district">Nagarkurnool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalgonda_district" title="Nalgonda district">Nalgonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayanpet_district" title="Narayanpet district">Narayanapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmal_district" title="Nirmal district">Nirmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamabad_district" title="Nizamabad district">Nizamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peddapalli_district" title="Peddapalli district">Peddapalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajanna_Sircilla_district" title="Rajanna Sircilla district">Rajanna Sircilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranga_Reddy_district" title="Ranga Reddy district">Ranga Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangareddy_district" title="Sangareddy district">Sangareddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddipet_district" title="Siddipet district">Siddipet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suryapet_district" title="Suryapet district">Suryapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikarabad_district" title="Vikarabad district">Vikarabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanaparthy_district" title="Wanaparthy district">Wanaparthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warangal_district" title="Warangal district">Warangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadadri_Bhuvanagiri" title="Yadadri Bhuvanagiri">Y.Bhuvanagiri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">Commissionerates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_City_Police" title="Hyderabad City Police">Hyderabad central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachakonda_Police_Commissionerate" title="Rachakonda Police Commissionerate">Rachakonda-Bhuvanagiri, Hyderabad East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberabad_Metropolitan_Police" title="Cyberabad Metropolitan Police">Cyberabad-Hyderabad West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karimnagar_Police_Commissionerate" title="Karimnagar Police Commissionerate">Karimnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khammam_Police_Commissionerate" title="Khammam Police Commissionerate">Khammam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamabad_Police" title="Nizamabad Police">Nizamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramagundam_Police_Commissionerate" title="Ramagundam Police Commissionerate">Ramagundam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddipet_Police_Commissionerate" title="Siddipet Police Commissionerate">Siddipet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warangal_Police_Commissionerate" title="Warangal Police Commissionerate">Warangal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Telangana" title="List of cities and towns in Telangana">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warangal" title="Warangal">Warangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamabad,_Telangana" title="Nizamabad, Telangana">Nizamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khammam" title="Khammam">Khammam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karimnagar" title="Karimnagar">Karimnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramagundam" title="Ramagundam">Ramagundam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahbubnagar" title="Mahbubnagar">Mahbubnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalgonda" title="Nalgonda">Nalgonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adilabad" title="Adilabad">Adilabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secunderabad" title="Secunderabad">Secunderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suryapet" title="Suryapet">Suryapet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Telangana" title="Tourism in Telangana">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Telangana" title="Category:Churches in Telangana">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dams_in_Telangana" title="Category:Dams in Telangana">Dams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forts_in_Telangana" title="Category:Forts in Telangana">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Temples_in_Telangana" title="Category:Temples in Telangana">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_in_Telangana" title="Category:Mosques in Telangana">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Telangana" title="Category:Lakes of Telangana">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_parks_in_Telangana" title="Category:National parks in Telangana">National Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wildlife_sanctuaries_of_Telangana" title="Category:Wildlife sanctuaries of Telangana">Sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waterfalls_of_Telangana" title="Category:Waterfalls of Telangana">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Municipal corporations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Hyderabad_Municipal_Corporation" title="Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karimnagar_Municipal_Corporation" title="Karimnagar Municipal Corporation">Karimnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khammam_Municipal_Corporation" title="Khammam Municipal Corporation">Khammam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamabad_Municipal_Corporation" title="Nizamabad Municipal Corporation">Nizamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramagundam_Municipal_Corporation" title="Ramagundam Municipal Corporation">Ramagundam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Warangal_Municipal_Corporation" title="Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation">Warangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boduppal" title="Boduppal">Boduppal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerzadiguda" title="Peerzadiguda">Peerzadiguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharnagar,_Telangana" title="Jawaharnagar, Telangana">Jawaharnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizampet" title="Nizampet">Nizampet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badangpet" title="Badangpet">Badangpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandlaguda_Jagir" title="Bandlaguda Jagir">Bandlaguda Jagir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerpet%E2%80%93Jillelguda" title="Meerpet–Jillelguda">Meerpet–Jillelguda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Telangana" title="List of cities and towns in Telangana">List of cities in Telangana by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Telangana" title="List of cities and towns in Telangana">List of cities in Telangana by population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_agglomerations_in_Telangana" title="List of urban agglomerations in Telangana">List of urban agglomerations in Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Telangana" title="List of districts of Telangana">List of districts in Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_local_bodies_in_Telangana" title="List of urban local bodies in Telangana">List of urban local bodies in Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_State_of_Andhra_Pradesh690" style="vertical-align: middle;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Andhra_Pradesh" title="Template:Andhra Pradesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Andhra_Pradesh" title="Template talk:Andhra Pradesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Andhra_Pradesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Andhra Pradesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_State_of_Andhra_Pradesh690" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" />  <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: none; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><div>Capital: <a href="/wiki/Amaravati" title="Amaravati">Amaravati</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Andhra Pradesh">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="History of Andhra Pradesh">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Geography of Andhra Pradesh">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Government of Andhra Pradesh">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Language</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Demographics of Andhra Pradesh">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Culture of Andhra Pradesh">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Economy of Andhra Pradesh">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Politics of Andhra Pradesh">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Education in Andhra Pradesh">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_cuisine" title="Andhra cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Andhra_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema of Andhra Pradesh">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Andhra Pradesh">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Sports in Andhra Pradesh">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Transport in Andhra Pradesh">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Song</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maa_Telugu_Thalliki" class="mw-redirect" title="Maa Telugu Thalliki">Maa Telugu Thalliki</a></dd> <dt>Language</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a></dd> <dt>Dance</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></dd> <dt>Sport</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></dd> <dt>Animal</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Blackbuck</a></dd> <dt>Bird</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rose-ringed_parakeet" title="Rose-ringed parakeet">Rose-ringed parakeet</a></dd> <dt>Fish</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Channa_marulius" title="Channa marulius">Great Snakehead</a></dd> <dt>Flower</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jasminum_officinale" title="Jasminum officinale">Jasmine</a></dd> <dt>Fruit</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Banganapalle_(mango)" title="Banganapalle (mango)">Banginapalli Mango</a></dd> <dt>Tree</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Azadirachta_indica" title="Azadirachta indica">Neem</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Administrative divisions of India">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Andhra" title="North Andhra">North Andhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_Andhra" title="Coastal Andhra">Coastal Andhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayalaseema" title="Rayalaseema">Rayalaseema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Andhra Pradesh">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitharama_Raju_district" title="Alluri Sitharama Raju district">Alluri Sitharama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anakapalli_district" title="Anakapalli district">Anakapalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantapur_district" title="Anantapur district">Anantapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annamayya_district" title="Annamayya district">Annamayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bapatla_district" title="Bapatla district">Bapatla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittoor_district" title="Chittoor district">Chittoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Godavari_district" title="East Godavari district">East Godavari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eluru_district" title="Eluru district">Eluru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntur_district" title="Guntur district">Guntur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadapa_district" title="Kadapa district">Kadapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakinada_district" title="Kakinada district">Kakinada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konaseema_district" title="Konaseema district">Konaseema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_district" title="Krishna district">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurnool_district" title="Kurnool district">Kurnool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandyal_district" title="Nandyal district">Nandyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTR_district" title="NTR district">NTR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palnadu_district" title="Palnadu district">Palnadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvathipuram_Manyam_district" title="Parvathipuram Manyam district">Parvathipuram Manyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prakasam_district" title="Prakasam district">Prakasam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellore_district" title="Nellore district">Nellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srikakulam_district" title="Srikakulam district">Srikakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sathya_Sai_district" title="Sri Sathya Sai district">Sri Sathya Sai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirupati_district" title="Tirupati district">Tirupati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam_district" title="Visakhapatnam district">Visakhapatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizianagaram_district" title="Vizianagaram district">Vizianagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Godavari_district" title="West Godavari district">West Godavari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_India_by_population" title="List of cities in India by population">Metropolis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam" title="Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayawada" title="Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Andhra_Pradesh_by_population" title="List of cities in Andhra Pradesh by population">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoni" title="Adoni">Adoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantapur" title="Anantapur">Anantapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimavaram" title="Bhimavaram">Bhimavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilakaluripet" title="Chilakaluripet">Chilakaluripet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittoor" title="Chittoor">Chittoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmavaram,_Sri_Sathya_Sai_district" title="Dharmavaram, Sri Sathya Sai district">Dharmavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadiri" title="Kadiri">Kadiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eluru" title="Eluru">Eluru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudivada" title="Gudivada">Gudivada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntakal" title="Guntakal">Guntakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntur" title="Guntur">Guntur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindupur" title="Hindupur">Hindupur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadapa" title="Kadapa">Kadapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakinada" title="Kakinada">Kakinada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurnool" title="Kurnool">Kurnool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machilipatnam" title="Machilipatnam">Machilipatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madanapalle" title="Madanapalle">Madanapalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandyal" title="Nandyal">Nandyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasaraopet" title="Narasaraopet">Narasaraopet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellore" title="Nellore">Nellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuzvid" title="Nuzvid">Nuzvid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ongole" title="Ongole">Ongole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakollu" title="Palakollu">Palakollu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proddatur" title="Proddatur">Proddatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajahmundry" title="Rajahmundry">Rajahmundry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srikakulam" title="Srikakulam">Srikakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadepalligudem" title="Tadepalligudem">Tadepalligudem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadipatri" title="Tadipatri">Tadipatri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenali" title="Tenali">Tenali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirupati" title="Tirupati">Tirupati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuni" title="Tuni">Tuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayawada" title="Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam" title="Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizianagaram" title="Vizianagaram">Vizianagaram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Transport in Andhra Pradesh">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Airports_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Airports in Andhra Pradesh">Airports</a></li> <li>Railways</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:State_highways_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:State highways in Andhra Pradesh">Roadways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ports_and_harbours_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Ports and harbours of Andhra Pradesh">Seaports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Andhra Pradesh">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dams_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Dams in Andhra Pradesh">Dams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forts_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Forts in Andhra Pradesh">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Lakes of Andhra Pradesh">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_parks_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:National parks in Andhra Pradesh">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_temples_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Hindu temples in Andhra Pradesh">Hindu temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Churches in Andhra Pradesh">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wildlife_sanctuaries_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Andhra Pradesh">Wildlife sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waterfalls_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:Waterfalls of Andhra Pradesh">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="History of Andhra Pradesh">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahana dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Ikshvaku" title="Andhra Ikshvaku">Andhra Ikshvaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Gotrika" title="Ananda Gotrika">Ananda Gotrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salankayana_dynasty" title="Salankayana dynasty">Salankayana dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnukundina_dynasty" title="Vishnukundina dynasty">Vishnukundina dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallava_dynasty" title="Pallava dynasty">Pallava dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Chalukyas" title="Eastern Chalukyas">Eastern Chalukyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiya dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velanati_Chodas" title="Velanati Chodas">Velanati Chodas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musunuri_Nayakas" title="Musunuri Nayakas">Musunuri Nayakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ganga_dynasty" title="Eastern Ganga dynasty">Eastern Ganga dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddi_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Reddi kingdom">Reddi kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutb_Shahi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutb Shahi dynasty">Qutb Shahi dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asaf_Jahi_dynasty" title="Asaf Jahi dynasty">Asaf Jahi dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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</a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 32 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d695944bd-5mrjb","wgBackendResponseTime":202,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.909","walltime":"2.191","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12303,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":304512,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15844,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":22,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":440053,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1818.665 1 -total"," 46.43% 844.326 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.90% 361.835 62 Template:Cite_book"," 16.26% 295.700 1 Template:Infobox_ethnic_group"," 10.16% 184.705 13 Template:Cite_news"," 7.78% 141.414 2 Template:Langx"," 6.67% 121.293 35 Template:Flag"," 6.45% 117.262 2 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