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cycling</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: thermal cycling"> <meta name="keywords" content="thermal cycling"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="thermal cycling"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3746</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: thermal cycling</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3746</span> An Integrated Tailoring Method for Thermal Cycling Tests of Spacecraft Electronics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin-Yan%20Ji">Xin-Yan Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Wang"> Jing Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Liu"> Chang Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Qiang%20Bi"> Yan-Qiang Bi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhong-Xu%20Xu"> Zhong-Xu Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi-Yuan%20Li"> Xi-Yuan Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal tests of electronic units are critically important for the reliability validation and performance demonstration of the spacecraft hard-wares. The tailoring equation in MIL-STD-1540 is based on fatigue of solder date. In the present paper, a new test condition tailoring expression is proposed to fit different thermo-mechanical fatigue and different subsystems, by introducing an integrated evaluating method for the fatigue acceleration exponent. The validate test has been accomplished and the data has been analyzed and compared with that from the MIL-STD-1540 tailoring equations. The results are encouraging and reasonable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling%20test" title="thermal cycling test">thermal cycling test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20fatigue" title=" thermal fatigue"> thermal fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tailoring%20equation" title=" tailoring equation"> tailoring equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20condition%20planning" title=" test condition planning"> test condition planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63335/an-integrated-tailoring-method-for-thermal-cycling-tests-of-spacecraft-electronics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3745</span> Experimental Characterization of Fatigue Crack Initiation of AA320 Alloy under Combined Thermal Cycling (CTC) and Mechanical Loading (ML) during Four Point Rotating and Bending Fatigue Testing Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Atta%20Ur%20Rahman">Rana Atta Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Juhre"> Daniel Juhre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Initiation of crack during fatigue of casting alloys are noticed mainly on the basis of experimental results. Crack initiation and strength of fatigue of AA320 are summarized here. Load sequence effect is applied to notify initiation phase life. Crack initiation at notch root and fatigue life is calculated under single & two-step mechanical loading (ML) with and without combined thermal cycling (CTC). An Experimental setup is proposed to create the working temperature as per alloy applications. S-N curves are plotted, and a comparison is made between crack initiation leading to failure under different ML with & without thermal loading (TL). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title="fatigue">fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initiation" title=" initiation"> initiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SN%20curve" title=" SN curve"> SN curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alloy" title=" alloy"> alloy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63983/experimental-characterization-of-fatigue-crack-initiation-of-aa320-alloy-under-combined-thermal-cycling-ctc-and-mechanical-loading-ml-during-four-point-rotating-and-bending-fatigue-testing-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3744</span> The Influence of the Moving Speeds of DNA Droplet on Polymerase Chain Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh%20Jyh%20Chen">Jyh Jyh Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu%20H.%20Yang"> Fu H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20W.%20Wang"> Chen W. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20M.%20Lin"> Yu M. Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a reaction chamber is reciprocated among three temperature regions by using an oscillatory thermal cycling machine. Three cartridge heaters are collocated to heat three aluminum blocks in order to achieve PCR requirements in the reaction chamber. The effects of various chamber moving speeds among different temperature regions on the chamber temperature profiles are presented. To solve the evaporation effect of the sample in the PCR experiment, the mineral oil and the cover lid are used. The influences of various extension times on DNA amplification are also demonstrated. The target fragments of the amplification are 385-bp and 420-bp. The results show when the forward speed is set at 6 mm/s and the backward speed is 2.4 mm/s, the temperature required for the experiment can be achieved. It is successful to perform the amplification of DNA fragments in our device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillatory" title="oscillatory">oscillatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction" title=" polymerase chain reaction"> polymerase chain reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20chamber" title=" reaction chamber"> reaction chamber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling%20machine" title=" thermal cycling machine"> thermal cycling machine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64588/the-influence-of-the-moving-speeds-of-dna-droplet-on-polymerase-chain-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3743</span> Competing Interactions, and Magnetization Dynamics in Doped Rare-Earth Manganites Nanostructural System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wiqar%20Hussain%20Shah">Wiqar Hussain Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Structural, magnetic and transport behavior of La1-xCaxMnO3+ (x=0.48, 0.50, 0.52 and 0.55 and =0.015) compositions close to charge ordering, was studied through XRD, resistivity, DC magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements. With time and thermal cycling (T<300 K) there is an irreversible transformation of the low-temperature phase from a partially ferromagnetic and metallic to one that is less ferromagnetic and highly resistive. For instance, an increase of resistivity can be observed by thermal cycling, where no effect is obtained for lower Ca concentration. The time changes in the magnetization are logarithmic in general and activation energies are consistent with those expected for electron transfer between Mn ions. The data suggest that oxygen non-stoichiometry results in mechanical strains in this two-phase system, leading to the development of irreversible metastable states, which relax towards the more stable charge-ordered and antiferromagnetic microdomains at the nano-meter size. This behavior is interpreted in terms of strains induced charge localization at the interface between FM/AFM domains in the antiferromagnetic matrix. Charge, orbital ordering and phase separation play a prominent role in the appearance of such properties, since they can be modified in a spectacular manner by external factor, making the different physical properties metastable. Here we describe two factors that deeply modify those properties, viz. the doping concentration and the thermal cycling. The metastable state is recovered by the high temperature annealing. We also measure the magnetic relaxation in the metastable state and also the revival of the metastable state (in a relaxed sample) due to high temperature (800 ) thermal treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rare-earth%20maganites" title="Rare-earth maganites">Rare-earth maganites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-structural%20materials" title=" nano-structural materials"> nano-structural materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping%20effects%20on%20electrical" title=" doping effects on electrical"> doping effects on electrical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competing%20interactions" title=" competing interactions"> competing interactions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124247/competing-interactions-and-magnetization-dynamics-in-doped-rare-earth-manganites-nanostructural-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3742</span> An Analysis of Conditions for Efficiency Gains in Large ICEs Using Cycling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bauer%20Peter">Bauer Peter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murillo%20Jenny"> Murillo Jenny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the bounds of achievable fuel efficiency improvements in engines due to cycling between two operating points assuming a series hybrid configuration . It is shown that for linear bsfc dependencies (as a function of power), cycling is only beneficial if the average power needs are smaller than the power at the optimal bsfc value. Exact expressions for the fuel efficiency gains relative to the constant output power case are derived. This asymptotic analysis is then extended to the case where transient losses due to a change in the operating point are also considered. The case of the boundary bsfc trajectory where constant power application and cycling yield the same fuel consumption.is investigated. It is shown that the boundary bsfc locations of the second non-optimal operating points is hyperbolic. The analysis of the boundary case allows to evaluate whether for a particular engine, cycling can be beneficial. The introduced concepts are illustrated through a number of real world examples, i.e. large production Diesel engines in series hybrid configurations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title="cycling">cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bsfc" title=" bsfc"> bsfc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20hybrid" title=" series hybrid"> series hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diesel" title=" diesel"> diesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20point" title=" operating point"> operating point</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14203/an-analysis-of-conditions-for-efficiency-gains-in-large-ices-using-cycling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14203.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3741</span> Three Dimensional Analysis of Cubesat Thermal Vacuum Test </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maged%20Assem%20Soliman%20Mossallam">Maged Assem Soliman Mossallam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal vacuum testing target is to qualify the space system and ensure its operability under harsh space environment. The functionality of the cubesat was checked at extreme orbit conditions. Test was performed for operational and nonoperational modes. Analysis is done to simulate the cubesat thermal cycling inside thermal vacuum chamber. Comsol Multiphysics finite element is used to solve three dimensional problem for the cubesat inside TVAC. Three dimensional CAD model is done using Autodesk Inventor program. The boundary conditions were applied from the actual shroud temperature. The input heat load variation with time is considered to solve the transient three dimensional problem. Results show that the simulated temperature profiles are within an acceptable range from the real testing data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cubesat" title="cubesat">cubesat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20vacuum%20test" title=" thermal vacuum test"> thermal vacuum test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testing%20simulation" title=" testing simulation"> testing simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis "> finite element analysis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128852/three-dimensional-analysis-of-cubesat-thermal-vacuum-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3740</span> PTFE Capillary-Based DNA Amplification within an Oscillatory Thermal Cycling Device</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh%20J.%20Chen">Jyh J. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu%20H.%20Yang"> Fu H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20H.%20Liao"> Ming H. Liao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study describes a capillary-based device integrated with the heating and cooling modules for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The device consists of the reaction polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) capillary, the aluminum blocks, and is equipped with two cartridge heaters, a thermoelectric (TE) cooler, a fan, and some thermocouples for temperature control. The cartridge heaters are placed into the heating blocks and maintained at two different temperatures to achieve the denaturation and the extension step. Some thermocouples inserted into the capillary are used to obtain the transient temperature profiles of the reaction sample during thermal cycles. A 483-bp DNA template is amplified successfully in the designed system and the traditional thermal cycler. This work should be interesting to persons involved in the high-temperature based reactions and genomics or cell analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction" title="polymerase chain reaction">polymerase chain reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycles" title=" thermal cycles"> thermal cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary" title=" capillary"> capillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TE%20cooler" title=" TE cooler"> TE cooler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7439/ptfe-capillary-based-dna-amplification-within-an-oscillatory-thermal-cycling-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3739</span> Significance of Bike-Frame Geometric Factors for Cycling Efficiency and Muscle Activation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luen%20Chow%20Chan">Luen Chow Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advocacy of green transportation and green traveling, cycling has become increasingly popular nowadays. Physiology and bike design are key factors for the influence of cycling efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the significance of bike-frame geometric factors on cycling efficiency and muscle activation for different body sizes of non-professional Asian male cyclists. Participants who represented various body sizes, as measured by leg and back lengths, carried out cycling tests using a tailor-assembled road bike with different ergonomic design configurations including seat-height adjustments (i.e., 96%, 100%, and 104% of trochanteric height) and bike frame sizes (i.e., small and medium frames) for an assessable distance of 1 km. A specific power meter and self-developed adaptable surface electromyography (sEMG) were used to measure average pedaling power and cadence generated and muscle activation, respectively. The results showed that changing the seat height was far more significant than the body and bike frame sizes. The sEMG data evidently provided a better understanding of muscle activation as a function of different seat heights. Therefore, the interpretation of this study is that the major bike ergonomic design factor dominating the cycling efficiency of Asian participants with different body sizes was the seat height. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bike%20frame%20sizes" title="bike frame sizes">bike frame sizes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadence%20rate" title=" cadence rate"> cadence rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedaling%20power" title=" pedaling power"> pedaling power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seat%20height" title=" seat height"> seat height</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121431/significance-of-bike-frame-geometric-factors-for-cycling-efficiency-and-muscle-activation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3738</span> A Research Review of Cycling Suitability Assessment for Mountainous Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaofeng%20Fu">Xiaofeng Fu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper begins with the deconstruction of the localization of China's bicycle renaissance. Then think about how to scientifically plan bicycle traffic in a sustainable way in typed cities, especially in mountainous cities, because they need to respond to more serious geographical issues. Therefore, by sorting out the international research on bicycle traffic in mountainous cities, bike-ability is summarized as a prevalent qualitative analysis medium. Then this paper lists the influencing factors of likeability, the general research framework, and responds to the common problem of mountain cities, that is, the treatment of road longitudinal slopes, to assist urban managers in assessing whether the city's complex terrain is suitable for cycling and identifying possible improvements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20planning" title="traffic planning">traffic planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bikeability" title=" bikeability"> bikeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling%20suitability" title=" cycling suitability"> cycling suitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mountainous%20cities" title=" mountainous cities"> mountainous cities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167642/a-research-review-of-cycling-suitability-assessment-for-mountainous-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3737</span> Modeling and Analysis of a Cycling Prosthetic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Tolentino">John Tolentino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seok%20Park"> Yong Seok Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are currently many people living with limb loss in the USA. The main causes for amputation can range from vascular disease, to trauma, or cancer. This number is expected increase over the next decade. Many patients have a single prosthetic for the first year but end up getting a second one to accommodate their changing physique. Afterwards, the prosthesis gets replaced every three to five years depending on how often it is used. This could cost the patient up to $500,000 throughout their lifetime. Complications do not end there, however. Due to the absence of nerves, it becomes more difficult to traverse terrain with a prosthetic. Moving on an incline or decline becomes difficult, thus curbs and stairs can be a challenge. Certain physical activities, such as cycling, could be even more strenuous. It will need to be relearned to accommodate for the change in weight, center of gravity, and transfer of energy from the leg to the pedal. The purpose of this research project is to develop a new, alternate below-knee cycling prosthetic using Dieter & Schmidt’s design process approach. It will be subjected to fatigue analysis under dynamic loading to observe the limitations as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the prosthetic. Benchmark comparisons will be made between existing prosthetics and the proposed one, examining the benefits and disadvantages. The resulting prosthetic will be 3D printed using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polycarbonate (PC) plastic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20Printing" title="3D Printing">3D Printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cycling" title=" Cycling"> Cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prosthetic%20design" title=" Prosthetic design"> Prosthetic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Synthetic%20design." title=" Synthetic design."> Synthetic design.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123679/modeling-and-analysis-of-a-cycling-prosthetic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3736</span> Electromechanical Reliability of ITO/Ag/ITO Multilayer Coated Pet Substrate for Optoelectronic Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20W.%20Mohammed">D. W. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bowen"> J. Bowen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Kukureka"> S. N. Kukureka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Successful design and fabrication of flexible devices for electrode components requires a low sheet resistance, high optical transmittance, high mechanical reliability. Indium tin oxide (ITO) film is currently the predominant transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film in potential applications such as flexible organic light- emitting diodes, flat-panel displays, solar cells, and thin film transistors (TFTs). However ITO films are too brittle and their resistivity is rather high in some cases compared with ITO/Ag/ ITO, and they cannot completely meet flexible optoelectronic device requirements. Therefore, in this work the mechanical properties of ITO /Ag/ITO multilayer film that deposited on Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) compared with the single layered ITO sample were investigated using bending fatigue, twisting fatigue and thermal cycling experiments. The electrical resistance was monitored during the application of mechanical and thermal loads to see the pattern of relationship between the load and the electrical continuity as a consequent of failure. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to provide surface characterization of the mechanically-tested samples. The effective embedment of the Ag layer between upper and lower ITO films led to metallic conductivity and superior flexibility to the single ITO electrode, due to the high failure strain of the ductile Ag layer. These results indicate that flexible ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer electrodes are a promising candidate for use as transparent conductor in flexible displays. They provided significantly reduced sheet resistance compared to ITO, and improved bending and twisting properties both as a function of radius, angle and thermal cycling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITO%2FAg%2FITO%20multilayer" title="ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer">ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20strain" title=" failure strain"> failure strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET" title=" PET"> PET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18001/electromechanical-reliability-of-itoagito-multilayer-coated-pet-substrate-for-optoelectronic-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3735</span> Extending the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict Intention to Commute by Bicycle: Case Study of Mexico City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magda%20Cepeda">Magda Cepeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frances%20Hodgson"> Frances Hodgson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ann%20Jopson"> Ann Jopson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are different barriers people face when choosing to cycle for commuting purposes. This study examined the role of psycho-social factors predicting the intention to cycle to commute in Mexico City. An extended version of the theory of planned behaviour was developed and utilized with a simple random sample of 401 road users. We applied exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and after identifying five factors, a structural equation model was estimated to find the relationships among the variables. The results indicated that cycling attributes, attitudes to cycling, social comparison and social image and prestige were the most important factors influencing intention to cycle. Although the results from this study are specific to Mexico City, they indicate areas of interest to transportation planners in other regions especially in those cities where intention to cycle its linked to its perceived image and there is political ambition to instigate positive cycling cultures. Moreover, this study contributes to the current literature developing applications of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title="cycling">cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latent%20variable%20model" title=" latent variable model"> latent variable model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20planned%20behaviour" title=" theory of planned behaviour"> theory of planned behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59532/extending-the-theory-of-planned-behaviour-to-predict-intention-to-commute-by-bicycle-case-study-of-mexico-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3734</span> Cycling Usage and Determinants on University Campus in Ghana: The Case of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Anarfi%20Bofah">Nicholas Anarfi Bofah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Damsere-%20Derry"> James Damsere- Derry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is increasing interest among institutions, governments, and international organisations to combat congestion, reduce contribution to green gases and provide sustainable urban transportation. College campuses are a preeminent setting for promoting active commuting to ameliorate a community's healthy lifestyle. Cycling is an important physical activity and has a long-term effect on health, and it is considered one of the top five interventions to reduce the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The main objectives of the research were: (i) to identify students’ attitudes and behavior toward cycling usage, (ii) to identify barriers and opportunities for cycling on a university campus, and (iii) to construct tangible policy recommendations for promoting cycling in the vicinity of the university. The data used in this study were obtained from a survey conducted among students at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Kumasi between May 2022 and September 2022. A convenient sampling method was used to recruit and interview 398 participants. Two survey assistants who are former students of the university were engaged to administer the questionnaires randomly to students at the selected locations. Descriptive statistics were employed in the analysis of the data. Out of the 398 questionnaires, bicycle ridership and ownership among university students were 57% and 39%, respectively. Generally, the desire to use a bicycle as a mode of transport on campus was 36%. The desire to use a bicycle on campus was more prevalent among males 41% compared to females 30%. There is a high potential for increasing bicycle use among students. Recommendations include the provision of bicycle lanes, public education on the use of bicycles, and a campus bicycle-sharing program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title=" cycling"> cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20campus" title=" university campus"> university campus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bicycle" title=" bicycle"> bicycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169809/cycling-usage-and-determinants-on-university-campus-in-ghana-the-case-of-kwame-nkrumah-university-of-science-and-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3733</span> Preparation of Protective Coating Film on Metal Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Th.%20A.%20Al-rubaye">Rana Th. A. Al-rubaye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel chromium-free protective coating films based on a zeolite coating was growing onto a FeCrAlloy metal using in –situ hydrothermal method. The zeolite film was obtained using in-situ crystallization process that is capable of coating large surfaces with complex shape and in confined spaces has been developed. The zeolite coating offers an advantage of a high mechanical stability and thermal stability. The physico-chemical properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X–ray analysis (EDX) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The transition from oxide-on-alloy wires to hydrothermally synthesised uniformly zeolite coated surfaces was followed using SEM and XRD. In addition, the robustness of the prepared coating was confirmed by subjecting these to thermal cycling (ambient to 550°C). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fecralloy" title="fecralloy">fecralloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zsm-5%20zeolite" title=" zsm-5 zeolite"> zsm-5 zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeolite%20coatings" title=" zeolite coatings"> zeolite coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrothermal%20method" title=" hydrothermal method"> hydrothermal method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30792/preparation-of-protective-coating-film-on-metal-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3732</span> Comparison of Bone Mineral Density of Lumbar Spines between High Level Cyclists and Sedentary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shabani">Mohammad Shabani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The physical activities depending on the nature of the mechanical stresses they induce on bone sometimes have brought about different results. The purpose of this study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine between the high-level cyclists and sedentary. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 73 cyclists senior (age: 25.81 ± 4.35 years; height: 179.66 ± 6.31 cm; weight: 71.55 ± 6.31 kg) and 32 sedentary subjects (age: 28.28 ± 4.52 years; height: 176.56 ± 6.2 cm; weight: 74.47 ± 8.35 kg) participated voluntarily. All cyclists belonged to the different teams from the International Cycling Union and they trained competitively for 10 years. BMD of the lumbar spine of the subjects was measured using DXA X-ray (Lunar). Descriptive statistics calculations were performed using computer software data processing (Statview 5, SAS Institute Inc. USA). The comparison of two independent distributions (BMD high level cyclists and sedentary) was made by the Student T Test standard. Probability 0.05 (p≤0 / 05) was adopted as significance. Results: The result of this study showed that the BMD values of the lumbar spine of sedentary subjects were significantly higher for all measured segments. Conclusion and Discussion: Cycling is firstly a common sport and on the other hand endurance sport. It is now accepted that weight bearing exercises have an osteogenic effect compared to non-weight bearing exercises. Thus, endurance sports such as cycling, compared to the activities imposing intense force in short time, seem not to really be osteogenic. Therefore, it can be concluded that cycling provides low stimulates osteogenic because of specific biomechanical forces of the sport and its lack of impact. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMD" title="BMD">BMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbar%20spine" title=" lumbar spine"> lumbar spine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20level%20cyclist" title=" high level cyclist"> high level cyclist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title=" cycling"> cycling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48671/comparison-of-bone-mineral-density-of-lumbar-spines-between-high-level-cyclists-and-sedentary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3731</span> Environment Saving and Efficiency of Diesel Heat-Insulated Combustion Chamber Using Semitransparent Ceramic Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Yu.%20Garnova">Victoria Yu. Garnova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20G.%20Merzlikin"> Vladimir G. Merzlikin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20V.%20Khudyakov"> Sergey V. Khudyakov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeriy%20A.%20Tovstonog"> Valeriy A. Tovstonog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svyatoslav%20V.%20Cheranev"> Svyatoslav V. Cheranev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Long-term scientific forecasts confirm that diesel engines still will be the basis of the transport and stationary power in the near future. This is explained by their high efficiency and profitability compared to other types of heat engines. In the automotive industry carried basic researches are aimed at creating a new generation of diesel engines with reduced exhaust emissions (with stable performance) determining the minimum impact on the environment. The application of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and especially their modifications based on semitransparent ceramic materials allows solving this problem. For such researches, the preliminary stage of testing of physical characteristics materials and coatings especially with semitransparent properties the authors proposed experimental operating innovative radiative-and-convective cycling simulator. This setup contains original radiation sources (imitator) with tunable spectrum for modeling integral flux up to several MW/m2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment%20saving" title="environment saving">environment saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20and%20convective%20cycling%20simulator" title=" radiative and convective cycling simulator"> radiative and convective cycling simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semitransparent%20ceramic%20coatings" title=" semitransparent ceramic coatings"> semitransparent ceramic coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imitator%20radiant%20energy" title=" imitator radiant energy"> imitator radiant energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36494/environment-saving-and-efficiency-of-diesel-heat-insulated-combustion-chamber-using-semitransparent-ceramic-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3730</span> Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxides on Si/C Materials for the Improved Cycling Stability of High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Stehle">Philipp Stehle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragoljub%20Vrankovic"> Dragoljub Vrankovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Anjass"> Montaha Anjass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to its high availability and extremely high specific capacity, silicon (Si) is the most promising anode material for next generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, Si anodes are suffering from high volume changes during cycling causing unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI). One approach for mitigation of these effects is to embed Si particles into a carbon matrix to create silicon/carbon composites (Si/C). These typically show more stable electrochemical performance than bare silicon materials. Nevertheless, the same failure mechanisms mentioned earlier appear in a less pronounced form. In this work, we further improved the cycling performance of two commercially available Si/C materials by coating thin metal oxide films of different thicknesses on the powders via Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). The coated powders were analyzed via ICP-OES and AFM measurements. Si/C-graphite anodes with automotive-relevant loadings (~3.5 mAh/cm2) were processed out of the materials and tested in half coin cells (HCCs) and full pouch cells (FPCs). During long-term cycling in FPCs, a significant improvement was observed for some of the ALD-coated materials. After 500 cycles, the capacity retention was already up to 10% higher compared to the pristine materials. Cycling of the FPCs continued until they reached a state of health (SOH) of 80%. By this point, up to the triple number of cycles were achieved by ALD-coated compared to pristine anodes. Post-mortem analysis via various methods was carried out to evaluate the differences in SEI formation and thicknesses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20anodes" title="silicon anodes">silicon anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion%20batteries" title=" li-ion batteries"> li-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20layer%20deposition" title=" atomic layer deposition"> atomic layer deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon-carbon%20composites" title=" silicon-carbon composites"> silicon-carbon composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20coatings" title=" surface coatings"> surface coatings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156422/atomic-layer-deposition-of-metal-oxides-on-sic-materials-for-the-improved-cycling-stability-of-high-capacity-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3729</span> Analysis of Cycling Accessibility on Chengdu Tianfu Greenway Based on Improved Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Method: A Case Study of Jincheng Greenway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Zhu">Qin Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of accelerating the construction of Beautiful and Livable Park City in Chengdu, the Tianfu greenway system, as an important support system for the construction of parks in the whole region, its accessibility is one of the key indicators to measure the effectiveness of the greenway construction. In recent years, cycling has become an important transportation mode for residents to go to the greenways because of its low-carbon, healthy and convenient characteristics, and the study of greenway accessibility under cycling mode can provide reference suggestions for the optimization and improvement of greenways. Taking Jincheng Greenway in Chengdu City as an example, the Baidu Map Application Programming Interface (API) and questionnaire survey was used to improve the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method from the three dimensions of search threshold, supply side and demand side, to calculate the cycling accessibility of the greenway and to explore the spatial matching relationship with the population density, the number of entrances and the comprehensive attractiveness. The results show that: 1) the distribution of greenway accessibility in Jincheng shows a pattern of "high in the south and low in the north, high in the west and low in the east", 2) the spatial match between greenway accessibility and population density of the residential area is imbalanced, and there is a significant positive correlation between accessibility and the number of selectable greenway access points in residential areas, as well as the overall attractiveness of greenways, with a high degree of match. On this basis, it is proposed to give priority to the mismatch area to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand, optimize the greenway access points to improve the traffic connection, enhance the comprehensive quality of the greenway and strengthen the service capacity, to further improve the cycling accessibility of the Jincheng Greenway and improve the spatial allocation of greenway resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title="accessibility">accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baidu%20maps%20API" title=" Baidu maps API"> Baidu maps API</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title=" cycling"> cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenway" title=" greenway"> greenway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2SFCA" title=" 2SFCA"> 2SFCA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174643/analysis-of-cycling-accessibility-on-chengdu-tianfu-greenway-based-on-improved-two-step-floating-catchment-area-method-a-case-study-of-jincheng-greenway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3728</span> Two Major Methods to Control Thermal Resistance of Focus Ring for Process Uniformity Enhance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Uk%20Park">Jin-Uk Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the semiconductor industry is rapidly demanding complicated structures and mass production. From the point of view of mass production, the ETCH industry is concentrating on maintaining the ER (Etch rate) of the wafer edge constant regardless of changes over time. In this study, two major thermal factors affecting process were identified and controlled. First, the filler of the thermal pad was studied. Second, the significant difference of handling the thermal pad during PM was studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=etcher" title="etcher">etcher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20pad" title=" thermal pad"> thermal pad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20cleaning" title=" wet cleaning"> wet cleaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143443/two-major-methods-to-control-thermal-resistance-of-focus-ring-for-process-uniformity-enhance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3727</span> Using the Transient Plane Source Method for Measuring Thermal Parameters of Electroceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Krupa">Peter Krupa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetoz%C3%A1r%20Malinari%C4%8D"> Svetozár Malinarič</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transient plane source method has been used to measure the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of a compact isostatic electro-ceramics at room temperature. The samples were fired at temperatures from 100 up to 1320 degrees Celsius in steps of 50. Bulk density and specific heat capacity were also measured with their corresponding standard uncertainties. The results were compared with further thermal analysis (dilatometry and thermogravimetry). Structural processes during firing were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TPS%20method" title="TPS method">TPS method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20diffusivity" title=" thermal diffusivity"> thermal diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-ceramics" title=" electro-ceramics"> electro-ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firing" title=" firing"> firing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8438/using-the-transient-plane-source-method-for-measuring-thermal-parameters-of-electroceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3726</span> A Novel Environmentally Benign Positive Electrode Material with Improved Energy Density for Lithium Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wassima%20El%20Mofid">Wassima El Mofid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlozar%20Ivanov"> Svetlozar Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Bund"> Andreas Bund</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing requirements for high power and energy lithium ion batteries have led to the development of several classes of positive electrode materials. Among those one promising material is LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2 due to its high reversible capacity and remarkable cycling performance. Further structural stabilization and improved electrochemical performance of this class of cathode materials can be achieved by cationic substitution to a transition metal such as Al, Mg, Cr, etc. The current study discusses a novel NMC type material obtained by simultaneous cationic substitution of the cobalt which is a toxic element, with aluminum and iron. A compound with the composition LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.15Al0.025Fe0.025O2 (NMCAF) was synthesized by the self-combustion method using sucrose as fuel. The material has a layered α-NaFeO2 type structure with a good hexagonal ordering. Rietveld refinement analysis of the XRD patterns revealed a very low cationic mixing compared to the non-substituted material LiNi0.6Mn0,2Co0.2O2 suggesting a structural stabilization. Galvanostatic cycling measurements indicate improved electrochemical performance after the metal substitution. An initial discharge capacity of about 190 mAh.g−1 at slow rate (C/20), and a good cycling stability even at moderately faster rates (C/5 and C) have been observed. The long term cycling displayed a capacity retention of about 90% after 10 cycles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20substitution" title="cationic substitution">cationic substitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20ion%20batteries" title=" lithium ion batteries"> lithium ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20electrode%20material" title=" positive electrode material"> positive electrode material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-combustion%20synthesis%20method" title=" self-combustion synthesis method"> self-combustion synthesis method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24180/a-novel-environmentally-benign-positive-electrode-material-with-improved-energy-density-for-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3725</span> Thermal Properties of the Ground in Cyprus and Their Correlations and Effect on the Efficiency of Ground Heat Exchangers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20A.%20Florides">G. A. Florides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Theofanous"> E. Theofanous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Iosif-Stylianou"> I. Iosif-Stylianou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Christodoulides"> P. Christodoulides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kalogirou"> S. Kalogirou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Messarites"> V. Messarites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Zomeni"> Z. Zomeni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Tsiolakis"> E. Tsiolakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20D.%20Pouloupatis"> P. D. Pouloupatis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20P.%20Panayiotou"> G. P. Panayiotou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ground Coupled Heat Pumps (GCHPs) exploit effectively the heat capacity of the ground, with the use of Ground Heat Exchangers (GHE). Depending on the mode of operation of the GCHPs, GHEs dissipate or absorb heat from the ground. For sizing the GHE the thermal properties of the ground need to be known. This paper gives information about the density, thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal diffusivity of various lithologies encountered in Cyprus with various relations between these properties being examined through comparison and modeling. The results show that the most important correlation is the one encountered between thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity with both properties showing similar response to the inlet and outlet flow temperature of vertical and horizontal heat exchangers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20heat%20exchangers" title="ground heat exchangers">ground heat exchangers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20conductivity" title=" ground thermal conductivity"> ground thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20diffusivity" title=" ground thermal diffusivity"> ground thermal diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20properties" title=" ground thermal properties"> ground thermal properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2459/thermal-properties-of-the-ground-in-cyprus-and-their-correlations-and-effect-on-the-efficiency-of-ground-heat-exchangers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3724</span> A Literature Review of the Trend towards Indoor Dynamic Thermal Comfort</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Katungyi">James Katungyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Steady State thermal comfort model which dominates thermal comfort practice and which posits the ideal thermal conditions in a narrow range of thermal conditions does not deliver the expected comfort levels among occupants. Furthermore, the buildings where this model is applied consume a lot of energy in conditioning. This paper reviews significant literature about thermal comfort in dynamic indoor conditions including the adaptive thermal comfort model and alliesthesia. A major finding of the paper is that the adaptive thermal comfort model is part of a trend from static to dynamic indoor environments in aspects such as lighting, views, sounds and ventilation. Alliesthesia or thermal delight is consistent with this trend towards dynamic thermal conditions. It is within this trend that the two fold goal of increased thermal comfort and reduced energy consumption lies. At the heart of this trend is a rediscovery of the link between the natural environment and human well-being, a link that was partially severed by over-reliance on mechanically dominated artificial indoor environments. The paper concludes by advocating thermal conditioning solutions that integrate mechanical with natural thermal conditioning in a balanced manner in order to meet occupant thermal needs without endangering the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20thermal%20comfort" title="adaptive thermal comfort">adaptive thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alliesthesia" title=" alliesthesia"> alliesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20environment" title=" natural environment"> natural environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93485/a-literature-review-of-the-trend-towards-indoor-dynamic-thermal-comfort" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3723</span> Improving Physical, Social, and Mental Health Outcomes for People Living with an Intellectual Disability through Cycling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Faulkner">Sarah Faulkner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Faulkner"> Patrick Faulkner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Ellison"> Caroline Ellison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improved mental and physical health, community connection, and increased life satisfaction has been strongly associated with bike riding for those with and without a disability. However, much evidence suggests that people living with a disability face increased barriers to engaging in cycling compared to members of the general population. People with an intellectual disability often live more sedentary and socially isolated lives that negatively impact their mental and physical health, as well as life satisfaction. This paper is based on preliminary findings from a three-year intervention cycling project funded by the South Australian Government. The cycling project was developed in partnership with community stakeholders that provided weekly instruction, training, and support to individuals living with intellectual disabilities to increase their capacity in cycling. This project aimed to support people living with intellectual disabilities to foster and facilitate improved physical and mental health, confidence, and independence and enhance social networking through their engagement in community cycling. The program applied principles of social role valorisation (SRV) theory as its guiding framework. Preliminary data collected is based on qualitative interviews with over 50 program participants, results from two participant wellness questionnaires, as well as a perceptually regulated exercise test administered throughout the project implementation. Preliminary findings are further supplemented with ethnographic analyses by the researchers who took a phenology of life experience approach. Preliminary findings of the program suggest a variety of social motivations behind participants' desire to learn cycling that acknowledges previous barriers to engagement and cycling’s role to address feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Meaningful health benefits can be achieved as demonstrated by increases in predicted V02 max measures, suggesting that physical intervention can not only improve physical health outcomes but also provide a variety of other social benefits. Initial engagement in the project has demonstrated an increase in participants' sense of confidence, well-being, and physical fitness. Implementation of the project in partnership with a variety of community stakeholders has identified a number of critical factors and processes necessary for future service replication, sustainability, and success. Findings from this intervention study contribute to the development of a knowledge base on how best to support individuals living with an intellectual disability to partake in bike riding and increase positive outcomes associated with their capacity building, social interaction, increased physical activity, physical health, and mental well-being. The initial findings of this study provide critical academic insights into the social and physical benefits of cycling for people living with a disability, as well as practical advice for future human service applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling" title="cycling">cycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title=" disability"> disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20building" title=" capacity building"> capacity building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168872/improving-physical-social-and-mental-health-outcomes-for-people-living-with-an-intellectual-disability-through-cycling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3722</span> Thermal Analysis of Photovoltaic Integrated Greenhouse Solar Dryer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumit%20Tiwari">Sumit Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Tripathi"> Rohit Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20N.%20Tiwari"> G. N. Tiwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present study focused on the utilization of solar energy by the help of photovoltaic greenhouse solar dryer under forced mode. A single slope photovoltaic greenhouse solar dryer has been proposed and thermal modelling has been developed. Various parameters have been calculated by thermal modelling such as greenhouse room temperature, cell temperature, crop temperature and air temperature at exit of greenhouse. Further cell efficiency, thermal efficiency, and overall thermal efficiency have been calculated for a typical day of May and November. It was found that system can generate equivalent thermal energy up to 7.65 kW and 6.66 kW per day for clear day of May and November respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics%20curve" title="characteristics curve">characteristics curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20modelling" title=" thermal modelling"> thermal modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20efficiency" title=" thermal efficiency"> thermal efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36866/thermal-analysis-of-photovoltaic-integrated-greenhouse-solar-dryer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3721</span> Thermal Fatigue Behavior of 400 Series Ferritic Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min">Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, thermal fatigue properties of 400 series ferritic stainless steels have been evaluated in the temperature ranges of 200-800oC and 200-900oC. Systematic methods for control of temperatures within the predetermined range and measurement of load applied to specimens as a function of temperature during thermal cycles have been established. Thermal fatigue tests were conducted under fully constrained condition, where both ends of specimens were completely fixed. It has been revealed that load relaxation behavior at the temperatures of thermal cycle was closely related with the thermal fatigue property. Thermal fatigue resistance of 430J1L stainless steel is found to be superior to the other steels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritic%20stainless%20steel" title="ferritic stainless steel">ferritic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20exhaust" title=" automotive exhaust"> automotive exhaust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20fatigue" title=" thermal fatigue"> thermal fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20relaxation" title=" load relaxation"> load relaxation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44161/thermal-fatigue-behavior-of-400-series-ferritic-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3720</span> Concentrated Solar Energy Sintering of Multifunctional Metallic Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catalin%20Croitoru">Catalin Croitoru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ionut%20Claudiu%20Roata"> Ionut Claudiu Roata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Employing concentrated solar energy (CSE) for sintering metallic parts offers distinct advantages, notably in the rapid thermal cycling that significantly influences their microstructure and phase transitions. This study uses the thermal control that CSE affords, enhancing the mechanical properties and tailoring the functionality of nickel-based alloys. We synthesized bulk alloys by sintering Ni-Cr-Al-Y powders in varied ratios using a vertical solar furnace at PROMES-CNRS, Font-Romeu Odeillo, France. The process achieved optimal fusion at 800°C for 10 minutes, resulting in materials with a notable hydrophilic surface due to oxide formation. The alloys’ performance was evaluated through corrosion resistance tests in a 3.5% wt. NaCl solution, utilizing potentiodynamic scanning and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Our findings demonstrate the potential of CSE in advancing the material properties of nickel-based alloys for diverse applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentrated%20solar%20energy" title="concentrated solar energy">concentrated solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sintering" title=" sintering"> sintering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20resistance" title=" corrosion resistance"> corrosion resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20properties" title=" surface properties"> surface properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192237/concentrated-solar-energy-sintering-of-multifunctional-metallic-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3719</span> Modification of Li-Rich Layered Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 Cathode Material </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Li">Liu Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Seng%20Lee"> Kim Seng Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lu"> Li Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high-energy-density Li-rich layered materials are promising cathode materials for the next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries. The relatively low rate capability is one of the major problems that limit their practical application. In this work, Li-rich layered Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode material synthesized by coprecipitation method is further modified by F doping or surface treatment to enhance its cycling stability as well as rate capability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-ion%20battery" title="Li-ion battery">Li-ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-rich%20layered%20cathode%20material" title=" Li-rich layered cathode material"> Li-rich layered cathode material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transformation" title=" phase transformation"> phase transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling%20stability" title=" cycling stability"> cycling stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rate%20capacility" title=" rate capacility"> rate capacility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18626/modification-of-li-rich-layered-li12mn054ni013co013o2-cathode-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3718</span> Study of Li-Rich Layered Cathode Materials for High-Energy Li-ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Li">Liu Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Seng%20Lee"> Kim Seng Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lu"> Li Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high-energy-density Li-rich layered materials are promising cathode materials for the next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries. They have attracted a lot of attentions due mainly to their high reversible capacity of more than 250 mAh•g-1 at low charge-discharge current. However several drawbacks still hinder their applications, such as voltage decay caused by an undesired phase transformation during cycling and poor rate capability. To conquer these issues, the authors applied F modification methods on the pristine Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 to enhance its electrochemical performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-ion%20battery" title="Li-ion battery">Li-ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-rich%20layered%20cathode%20material" title=" Li-rich layered cathode material"> Li-rich layered cathode material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transformation" title=" phase transformation"> phase transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling%20stability" title=" cycling stability"> cycling stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rate%20capability" title=" rate capability"> rate capability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18628/study-of-li-rich-layered-cathode-materials-for-high-energy-li-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3717</span> The Implementation of a Numerical Technique to Thermal Design of Fluidized Bed Cooler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damiaa%20Saad%20Khudor">Damiaa Saad Khudor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper describes an investigation for the thermal design of a fluidized bed cooler and prediction of heat transfer rate among the media categories. It is devoted to the thermal design of such equipment and their application in the industrial fields. It outlines the strategy for the fluidization heat transfer mode and its implementation in industry. The thermal design for fluidized bed cooler is used to furnish a complete design for a fluidized bed cooler of Sodium Bicarbonate. The total thermal load distribution between the air-solid and water-solid along the cooler is calculated according to the thermal equilibrium. The step by step technique was used to accomplish the thermal design of the fluidized bed cooler. It predicts the load, air, solid and water temperature along the trough. The thermal design for fluidized bed cooler revealed to the installation of a heat exchanger consists of (65) horizontal tubes with (33.4) mm diameter and (4) m length inside the bed trough. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidization" title="fluidization">fluidization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20technology" title=" powder technology"> powder technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20design" title=" thermal design"> thermal design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchangers" title=" heat exchangers "> heat exchangers </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17881/the-implementation-of-a-numerical-technique-to-thermal-design-of-fluidized-bed-cooler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycling&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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