CINXE.COM

Information for journal article authors | Springer — International Publisher

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" > <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/public/css/styles.css"/> <title> Information for journal article authors | Springer — International Publisher </title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/public/images/springer-icon.svg"/> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ hotjarSiteId: 1381312, gaUniversalTrackingId: "UA-10576520-2", }); </script> <script src="https://cmp.springer.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-17-latest.js"></script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://collect.springer.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-54556ZX');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> </head> <body> <a class="c-skip-link" href="#main">skip to context</a> <header class="c-header"> <div class="c-header__container"> <div class="c-header__brand"> <a href="/" itemprop="url" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - / - Springer home" data-track-category="header links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <img alt="Springer home" itemprop="logo" role="img" src="/public/images/springer-logo.svg"> </a> </div> <ul class="c-header__menu"> <li class="c-header__item"> <a href="https://www.springer.com/springerlinkshop" class="c-header__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springer.com/springerlinkshop - SpringerLink shop" data-track-category="header links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> SpringerLink shop <svg class="u-icon u-ml-4" width="22" height="22" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="/public/images/shop.svg#i-shop"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <nav class="c-header__nav"> <ul class="c-header__nav-menu"> <li class="c-header__item"> <a href="/gp/subjects" class="c-header__link c-header__link--nav" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/subjects - Subjects" data-track-category="header links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Subjects</a> </li> <li class="c-header__item"> <a href="#services" class="c-header__link c-header__link--nav" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - #services - Services" data-track-category="header links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Services</a> </li> <li class="c-header__item"> <a href="/gp/about-springer" class="c-header__link c-header__link--nav" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/about-springer - About Us" data-track-category="header links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">About Us</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </header> <main class="u-container u-mt-32 u-mb-64" id="main" tabindex="-1"> <div class="intro u-mt-32 u-mb-32"> <div data-title="Information for journal article authors" class="block" id="block-49260" data-type="springerHero" lang="en"> <div class="c-hero"> <div class="c-hero__content c-hero__wide"> <h1>Information for journal article authors</h1> <p>↑&nbsp;<a href="/gp/authors-editors" target="_self">Authors &amp; editors</a></p> <p>The following pages will support you if you would like to publish an article with Springer. We are committed to providing you with the resources and advice you need to succeed in submitting your work and getting it published as smoothly and quickly as possible.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="u-mt-32 l-with-sidebar" style="--with-sidebar--gap: 4rem;"> <div class="main" style="--with-sidebar--min: 55%"> <div data-title="Are you looking for suitable journals to publish in?" class="block" id="id-49261" data-type="local/article" lang="en"> <article> <h2> Are you looking for suitable journals to publish in? </h2> <div class="c-content"><p class="intro--paragraph">If your manuscript is nearly ready for submission and you don’t know which journal would be best for your work, choose a journal from the <a href="/gp" target="_self"><strong>list</strong></a> and click to its homepage to find a detailed description, the instructions for authors and contact names.</p> <p><a href="http://www.springer.com/gp/open-access/springer-open-choice" target="_self" class="is-external"><strong>Open Choice</strong></a> allows you to publish <strong>open access</strong> in the majority of our subscription-based journals.</p></div> </article> </div> <div data-title="Springer Nature SharedIt" class="block" id="id-49262" data-type="local/video" lang="en"> <h2>Springer Nature SharedIt</h2> <div class="c-content"><p>Springer Nature SharedIt is leading the way in content sharing with links to free-to-read, full-text articles from subscription-based journals that can be posted anywhere.</p></div> <div class="c-video"> <div class="c-video__player"> <video controls poster="/public/images/video-poster.svg"> <source src="https://vod.video-cdn.net/A_vv16JM4GLm7WBNjuZw7W/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ.aaa,596,828,1656,2356,3656,.mp4.csmil/master.m3u8?set-cc-attribute&#x3D;cc&amp;hdnea&#x3D;exp&#x3D;1732665759~acl&#x3D;/A_vv16JM4GLm7WBNjuZw7W/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ.aaa,596,828,1656,2356,3656,.mp4.csmil/*~hmac&#x3D;d327ce171c3d12babb7f0fb662c809d0ad548175ce2423806916dcb52d04ebb0" type="application/vnd.apple.mpegurl"> <source src="https://asset-out-cdn.video-cdn.net/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa2356?cache-buster&#x3D;6759e6&amp;__token__&#x3D;exp&#x3D;1732665759~acl&#x3D;/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa2356*~hmac&#x3D;61a939291f54ac20d86d2bdd6d7b67bab595d02b9b9fa6ed9a24fcf4f7f8c030" type="video/mp4"> <source src="https://asset-out-cdn.video-cdn.net/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa828?cache-buster&#x3D;6759e6&amp;__token__&#x3D;exp&#x3D;1732665759~acl&#x3D;/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa828*~hmac&#x3D;94193780fa24ed39497aeccdec75a3880dfd09dfa588c8af48430d0cc1d6c631" type="video/mp4"> <source src="https://asset-out-cdn.video-cdn.net/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa596?cache-buster&#x3D;6759e6&amp;__token__&#x3D;exp&#x3D;1732665759~acl&#x3D;/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa596*~hmac&#x3D;79e6ba04e4e4fcd77123cedca6c39f7f4672159a82d32f71eaa08fabd6a43a92" type="video/mp4"> <source src="https://asset-out-cdn.video-cdn.net/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa1656?cache-buster&#x3D;6759e6&amp;__token__&#x3D;exp&#x3D;1732665759~acl&#x3D;/private/videos/9xrFoeN-r9cf9L9W1A6cGZ/formats/aaa1656*~hmac&#x3D;fe4a433d7174cdf34cb4c68278db45ed49c010e42654cdda6938330ae2f24f2a" type="video/mp4"> Sorry, your browser doesn’t support embedded videos. </video> </div> </div> </div> <div data-title="Untitled" class="block" id="id-49263" data-type="local/groups/gridThirds" lang="en"> <!-- grid of max three columns in main content area --> <ul class="l-grid" style="--grid--basis: min(200px, 100%)"> <li> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/11027344/data/v1" alt="T_A35191_sn_sharedit_270x152px"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/sharedit - Share subscription-based articles easily" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/sharedit"> Share subscription-based articles easily </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>SharedIt is now available for Springer journals. Learn more about how to share journal articles with anyone.</p></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/26782/data/v1" alt="Social Media"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/publication-promotion - How to promote your publication?" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/publication-promotion"> How to promote your publication? </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p class="MsoNormal">Here you will find tips &amp; tools to help you attract more readers to your book or article.</p></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/4296/data/v14" alt="Citation Alert"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk/citation-alert/18682 - Citation Alert" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk/citation-alert/18682"> Citation Alert </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>Never miss getting cited! Your article makes an impact –&nbsp; and we will tell you about it!</p></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div data-title="Untitled" class="block" id="id-49270" data-type="local/groups/gridThirds" lang="en"> <!-- grid of max three columns in main content area --> <ul class="l-grid" style="--grid--basis: min(200px, 100%)"> <li> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/16303672/data/v1" alt="Source Image Update"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - http://www.springersource.com/ - Visit The Source Blog" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="http://www.springersource.com/"> Visit The Source Blog </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>Stay up-to-date on posts for authors, editors, and reviewers.</p></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/16996/data/v4" alt="eBook Reader"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk/e-proofing - e.Proofing" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk/e-proofing"> e.Proofing </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>You can edit your article, book chapter or entire book proofs online. Speed up the proofing process and minimize typesetting errors.</p></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <aside class="sidebar l-with-sidebar__sidebar" style="--with-sidebar--basis: 454px"> <div data-title="Untitled" class="block" id="id-49275" data-type="local/menuBox" lang="en"> <nav class="c-box" aria-labelledby="title-49275"> <h2 id="title-49275" class="c-box__heading" aria-level="2"> Journal authors </h2> <ul class="c-box-links"> <li class="c-box-links__item c-box-links__item--current"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author" aria-current="page" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author - Home" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Home <svg class="u-icon u-ml-8" width="22" height="22" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="/public/images/icons/arrow-left.svg#i-arrow-left"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk - How to publish an article" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> How to publish an article </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/editorial-policies" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/editorial-policies - Editorial policies" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Editorial policies </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-academy" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-academy - Journal author tutorials" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Journal author tutorials </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/open-access-academy" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/open-access-academy - Open access tutorial" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Open access tutorial </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/open-access" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/open-access - Open access publishing" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Open access publishing </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/peer-review-academy" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/peer-review-academy - Peer review tutorial" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Peer review tutorial </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/transferdesk" rel="external" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/transferdesk - The Transfer Desk" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> The Transfer Desk <span role="img" aria-label="(external website)">&#x2197;</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/contact" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author/contact - Contact" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Contact </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div data-title="Untitled" class="block" id="id-49285" data-type="local/menuBox" lang="en"> <nav class="c-box" aria-labelledby="title-49285"> <h2 id="title-49285" class="c-box__heading" aria-level="2"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors - Authors &amp; editors" data-track-category="menu links" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> Authors &amp; editors </a> </h2> <ul class="c-box-links"> <li class="c-box-links__item c-box-links__item--current"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author" aria-current="page" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author - Journal authors" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Journal authors <svg class="u-icon u-ml-8" width="22" height="22" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="/public/images/icons/arrow-left.svg#i-arrow-left"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/editors" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/editors - Journal editors" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Journal editors </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/book-authors-editors" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/book-authors-editors - Book authors &amp; editors" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Book authors &amp; editors </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/conference-proceedings" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/conference-proceedings - Conference proceedings" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Conference proceedings </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/open-access" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/open-access - Open Access" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Open Access </span> </a> </li> <li class="c-box-links__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors/authorandreviewertutorials" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/authorandreviewertutorials - Author &amp; reviewer tutorials" data-track-category="menu item" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <span class="u-display-flex u-align-items-center"> Author &amp; reviewer tutorials </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div data-title="What authors are saying about us" class="block" id="id-49293" data-type="local/card" lang="en"> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/17381184/data/v1" alt="images_reputation"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/journal-author-survey-results?utm_source&#x3D;springer&amp;utm_medium&#x3D;referral&amp;utm_content&#x3D;RMarketing&amp;utm_campaign&#x3D;AEXS_1_CB02_GL_JASurveyResults - What authors are saying about us" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/journal-author-survey-results?utm_source&#x3D;springer&amp;utm_medium&#x3D;referral&amp;utm_content&#x3D;RMarketing&amp;utm_campaign&#x3D;AEXS_1_CB02_GL_JASurveyResults"> What authors are saying about us </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>90% of Springer Nature journal authors rated their overall experience with the publication process as excellent or good. Here's&nbsp;what they told us about the key factors.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-title="Your ORCID iD – As unique as you" class="block" id="id-49295" data-type="local/card" lang="en"> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/12238200/data/v4" alt="Picture1"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/orcid?utm_source&#x3D;springer&amp;utm_medium&#x3D;referral&amp;utm_content&#x3D;RMarketing&amp;utm_campaign&#x3D;AEXS_1_CB02_GL_ORCID-Springer_teaser - Your ORCID iD – As unique as you" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/orcid?utm_source&#x3D;springer&amp;utm_medium&#x3D;referral&amp;utm_content&#x3D;RMarketing&amp;utm_campaign&#x3D;AEXS_1_CB02_GL_ORCID-Springer_teaser"> Your ORCID iD – As unique as you </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>This persistent ID distinguishes you from every other researcher. Automated linkages between you and your publications or reviews ensure that your work is recognized. Your achievements will never be confused with a colleague’s work.<br></p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-title="Join our mailing list" class="block" id="id-49297" data-type="local/card" lang="en"> <div class="c-card"> <div class="c-card__image"> <img src="https://resource-cms.springernature.com/springer-cms/rest/v1/content/23305438/data/v1" alt="Join our mailing list"> </div> <div class="c-card__body"> <h3 class="c-card__title"> <a class="c-card__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/campaign/marketing-alerts - Join our mailing list" data-track-category="card" data-track-label="gp/authors-editors/journal-author" href="/gp/campaign/marketing-alerts"> Join our mailing list </a> </h3> <div class="c-card__summary"><p>Keeping you up-to-date with the latest offers and publication news in your discipline</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="c-dropdowns" id="dropdowns"> <div class="c-dropdowns__container"> <div class="c-dropdown" id="services" tabindex="-1"> <h2 class="c-dropdown__title">Services</h2> <ul class="c-dropdown__list"> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/advertisers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/advertisers - Advertisers" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Advertisers</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/authors-editors" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors - Authors &amp; Editors" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Authors &amp; Editors</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/booksellers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/booksellers - Booksellers (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Booksellers (SpringerNature)</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/reviewers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/reviewers - Book Reviewers" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Book Reviewers</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/lecturers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/lecturers - Instructors &amp; lecturers (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Instructors &amp; lecturers (SpringerNature)</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/about-springer/media" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/about-springer/media - Journalists" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Journalists</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians - Librarians (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Librarians (SpringerNature)</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/open-access" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/open-access - Open Access &amp; Springer" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Open Access &amp; Springer</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/editorial-policies" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/editorial-policies - Editorial Policies" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Editorial Policies</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/rights-permissions" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/rights-permissions - Rights &amp; Permissions" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Rights &amp; Permissions</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/partners" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/partners - Societies &amp; Publishing Partners" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Societies &amp; Publishing Partners</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians/agents" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians/agents - Subscription Agencies (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Subscription Agencies (SpringerNature)</a> </li> <li class="c-dropdown__item"> <a href="/gp/help" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/help - Help &amp; Contact" data-track-category="dropdown links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Help &amp; Contact</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-publisher-footer"> <div class="c-publisher-footer__section"> <div class="c-publisher-footer__container"> <div class="c-publisher-footer__menu"> <div class="c-publisher-footer__menu-group"> <dl class="c-publisher-footer__list"> <dt class="c-publisher-footer__heading">Publish with us</dt> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/authors-editors" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors - Authors" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Authors</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/authors-editors/journal-author - Journal authors" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Journal authors</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/editorial-policies" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/editorial-policies - Editorial Policies" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Editorial Policies</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/open-access" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/open-access - Open access &amp; Springer" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Open access &amp; Springer</a> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="c-publisher-footer__menu-group"> <dl class="c-publisher-footer__list"> <dt class="c-publisher-footer__heading">Discover content</dt> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://link.springer.com/" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://link.springer.com/ - SpringerLink" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">SpringerLink</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://link.springer.com/books/a/1" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://link.springer.com/books/a/1 - Books A - Z" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Books A - Z</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://link.springer.com/journals/a/1" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://link.springer.com/journals/a/1 - Journals A - Z" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Journals A - Z</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://link.springer.com/video" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://link.springer.com/video - Video" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Video</a> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="c-publisher-footer__menu-group"> <dl class="c-publisher-footer__list"> <dt class="c-publisher-footer__heading">Other services</dt> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/lecturers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/lecturers - Instructors &amp; lecturers (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Instructors &amp; lecturers (SpringerNature)</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians - Librarians (SpringerNature)" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Librarians (SpringerNature)</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/partners" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/partners - Societies &amp; Publishing Partners" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Societies &amp; Publishing Partners</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/advertisers" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/advertisers - Advertisers" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Advertisers</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="https://link.springer.com/shop/springer/titles/en-eu/" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://link.springer.com/shop/springer/titles/en-eu/ - SpringerLink shop" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">SpringerLink shop</a> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="c-publisher-footer__menu-group"> <dl class="c-publisher-footer__list"> <dt class="c-publisher-footer__heading">About Springer</dt> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/about-springer" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/about-springer - About us" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">About us</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/help" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/help - Help &amp; Support" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Help &amp; Support</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/help/contact" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/help/contact - Contact us" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Contact us</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/about-springer/media/press-releases" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/about-springer/media/press-releases - Press releases" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Press releases</a> </dd> <dd class="c-publisher-footer__item"> <a class="c-publisher-footer__link " href="/gp/imprint/610056" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/imprint/610056 - Impressum" data-track-category="publisher footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Impressum</a> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-corporate-footer"> <div class="c-corporate-footer__container"> <nav> <ul class="c-corporate-footer__links"> <li> <button class="c-corporate-footer__link" data-cc-action="preferences">Your Privacy Choices / Manage Cookies</button> </li> <li> <a class="c-corporate-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/info/accessibility" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/info/accessibility - Accessibility statement" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Accessibility statement</a> </li> <li> <a class="c-corporate-footer__link" href="/gp/privacy-policy" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/privacy-policy - Privacy policy" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Privacy policy</a> </li> <li> <a class="c-corporate-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/legal/ccpa" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp/legal/ccpa - Your US State Privacy Rights" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Your US State Privacy Rights</a> </li> <li> <a class="c-corporate-footer__link" href="/gp/standard-terms-and-conditions-of-business" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/standard-terms-and-conditions-of-business - Terms and conditions" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Terms and conditions</a> </li> <li> <a class="c-corporate-footer__link" href="/gp/help" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - /gp/help - Help and support" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author">Help and support</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp" class="c-corporate-footer__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="click - https://www.springernature.com/gp - Springer Nature logo" data-track-category="corporate footer links" data-track-label="/gp/authors-editors/journal-author"> <img src="/public/images/springernature-logo.svg" alt="Springer Nature logo" loading="lazy" width="200" height="20"/> </a> <p class="c-corporate-footer__legal" data-test="copyright">&copy; 2023 Springer Nature</p> </div> </div> </footer> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=&gtm_auth=&gtm_preview=&gtm_cookies_win=x;" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" title="Google Tag Manager"></iframe> </noscript> <script type="module" src="/public/js/bundle.js"></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10