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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0; maximum-scale=1.0; user-scalable=0;"/><title>Psalm 148:11 Commentaries: Kings of the earth and all peoples; Princes and all judges of the earth;</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/newcom.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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princes, and all judges of the earth:</div><div id="jump">Jump to: <a href="/commentaries/barnes/psalms/148.htm" title="Barnes' Notes">Barnes</a> • <a href="/commentaries/benson/psalms/148.htm" title="Benson Commentary">Benson</a> • <a href="/commentaries/illustrator/psalms/148.htm" title="Biblical Illustrator">BI</a> • <a href="/commentaries/calvin/psalms/148.htm" title="Calvin's Commentaries">Calvin</a> • <a href="/commentaries/cambridge/psalms/148.htm" title="Cambridge Bible">Cambridge</a> • <a href="/commentaries/clarke/psalms/148.htm" title="Clarke's Commentary">Clarke</a> • <a href="/commentaries/darby/psalms/148.htm" title="Darby's Bible Synopsis">Darby</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ellicott/psalms/148.htm" title="Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers">Ellicott</a> • <a href="/commentaries/expositors/psalms/148.htm" title="Expositor's Bible">Expositor's</a> • <a href="/commentaries/edt/psalms/148.htm" title="Expositor's Dictionary">Exp Dct</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gaebelein/psalms/148.htm" title="Gaebelein's Annotated Bible">Gaebelein</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gsb/psalms/148.htm" title="Geneva Study Bible">GSB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gill/psalms/148.htm" title="Gill's Bible Exposition">Gill</a> • <a href="/commentaries/gray/psalms/148.htm" title="Gray's Concise">Gray</a> • <a href="/commentaries/guzik/psalms/148.htm" title="Guzik Bible Commentary">Guzik</a> • <a href="/commentaries/haydock/psalms/148.htm" title="Haydock Catholic Bible Commentary">Haydock</a> • <a href="/commentaries/hastings/psalms/147-3.htm" title="Hastings Great Texts">Hastings</a> • <a href="/commentaries/homiletics/psalms/148.htm" title="Pulpit Homiletics">Homiletics</a> • <a href="/commentaries/jfb/psalms/148.htm" title="Jamieson-Fausset-Brown">JFB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/kad/psalms/148.htm" title="Keil and Delitzsch OT">KD</a> • <a href="/commentaries/kelly/psalms/148.htm" title="Kelly Commentary">Kelly</a> • <a href="/commentaries/king-en/psalms/148.htm" title="Kingcomments Bible Studies">King</a> • <a href="/commentaries/lange/psalms/148.htm" title="Lange Commentary">Lange</a> • <a href="/commentaries/maclaren/psalms/148.htm" title="MacLaren Expositions">MacLaren</a> • <a href="/commentaries/mhc/psalms/148.htm" title="Matthew Henry Concise">MHC</a> • <a href="/commentaries/mhcw/psalms/148.htm" title="Matthew Henry Full">MHCW</a> • <a href="/commentaries/parker/psalms/148.htm" title="The People's Bible by Joseph Parker">Parker</a> • <a href="/commentaries/poole/psalms/148.htm" title="Matthew Poole">Poole</a> • <a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/148.htm" title="Pulpit Commentary">Pulpit</a> • <a href="/commentaries/sermon/psalms/148.htm" title="Sermon Bible">Sermon</a> • <a href="/commentaries/sco/psalms/148.htm" title="Scofield Reference Notes">SCO</a> • <a href="/commentaries/ttb/psalms/148.htm" title="Through The Bible">TTB</a> • <a href="/commentaries/tod/psalms/148.htm" title="Treasury of David">TOD</a> • <a href="/commentaries/wes/psalms/148.htm" title="Wesley's Notes">WES</a> • <a href="#tsk" title="Treasury of Scripture Knowledge">TSK</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="comtype">EXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/psalms/148.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(11) <span class= "bld">All people.</span>—And now the whole animate and inanimate universe having been summoned, man takes his place as leader of the choir; and here the poet’s language is couched so as to include all, all ranks and nations, of every age, and each sex.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/benson/psalms/148.htm">Benson Commentary</a></div><span class="bld"><a href="/context/psalms/148-11.htm" title="Kings of the earth, and all people; princes, and all judges of the earth:...">Psalm 148:11-12</a></span>. <span class="ital">Kings of the earth, and all people </span>— “After the whole creation hath been called upon to praise Jehovah, man, for whom the whole was made; man, the last and most perfect work of God; man, that hath been since redeemed by the blood of the Son of God incarnate, is exhorted to join and fill up the universal chorus of heaven and earth, as being connected with both worlds, that which now is, and that which is to come. Persons of every degree, of each sex, and of every age; <span class="ital">kings, </span>whose power God hath made an image of his own, and who are the suns of their respective systems; <span class="ital">judges, </span>and magistrates of all kinds, who derive their power, as the moon and planets do their light, from its original source; <span class="ital">young men and maidens, </span>in the flower of health, strength, and beauty; <span class="ital">old men, </span>who have accomplished their warfare, and are going out of life; <span class="ital">children, </span>who are just come into it, and see every thing new before them; all these have their several reasons for <span class="ital">praising the Lord.” — </span>Horne.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="mhc" id="mhc"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/mhc/psalms/148.htm">Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary</a></div>148:7-14 Even in this world, dark and bad as it is, God is praised. The powers of nature, be they ever so strong, so stormy, do what God appoints them, and no more. Those that rebel against God's word, show themselves to be more violent than even the stormy winds, yet they fulfil it. View the surface of the earth, mountains and all hills; from the barren tops of some, and the fruitful tops of others, we may fetch matter for praise. And assuredly creatures which have the powers of reason, ought to employ themselves in praising God. Let all manner of persons praise God. Those of every rank, high and low. Let us show that we are his saints by praising his name continually. He is not only our Creator, but our Redeemer; who made us a people near unto him. We may by the Horn of his people understand Christ, whom God has exalted to be a Prince and a Saviour, who is indeed the defence and the praise of all his saints, and will be so for ever. In redemption, that unspeakable glory is displayed, which forms the source of all our hopes and joys. May the Lord pardon us, and teach our hearts to love him more and praise him better.<a name="bar" id="bar"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/barnes/psalms/148.htm">Barnes' Notes on the Bible</a></div>Kings of the earth, and all people - This would embrace all, as all are included in the idea of the rulers and the ruled.<p>Princes, and all judges of the earth - Those of exalted rank; those high in authority. This is proper in itself considered, as they are people like other people; and proper as an example to the rest. None of any rank are exempt from the obligation to praise God; none are cut off from the privilege. <a name="jfb" id="jfb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/jfb/psalms/148.htm">Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary</a></div>11, 12. Next all rational beings, from the highest in rank to little children.<p>princes—or, military leaders.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/poole/psalms/148.htm">Matthew Poole's Commentary</a></div> <span class="bld">Kings of the earth; </span> who, though you are called <span class="ital">gods</span>, and adored like gods by your subjects, yet are but men, and the creatures and subjects of this sovereign Lord, to whom you owe both your being, and all your power and dignity. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="gil" id="gil"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gill/psalms/148.htm">Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible</a></div>Kings of the earth, and all people,.... The order of the creation is pretty much observed throughout the whole of this account; and as man was made last of all, so here he is called upon last to praise the Lord; and the chief among men are begun with, "the kings of the earth", of the several nations of the earth divided into kingdoms, over which some are set as supreme: and these have reason to praise the Lord, who has raised them to such dignity, for promotion comes not by chance, but by the Lord, who sets up kings and puts them down at his pleasure; and also for those gifts bestowed upon them, qualifying them for government, for it is by him kings reign and princes decree justice; and likewise for the preservation of them, for it is he that gives salvation to kings, and continues them for usefulness, notwithstanding all plots and conspiracies against them, <a href="/psalms/144-9.htm">Psalm 144:9</a>; see <a href="/psalms/75-6.htm">Psalm 75:6</a>; "and all people"; their subjects, as they should submit unto them and pray for them, so should praise the Lord on their account, when they rule well, protect and defend them in their persons, property, and liberties, <a href="/proverbs/29-2.htm">Proverbs 29:2</a>; <p>princes, and all judges of the earth: the sons of kings, princes of the blood, heirs of the crown; or nobles, ministers of state, counsellors, and, all subordinate magistrates, who are in high places of honour, profit, and trust, and so should praise the Lord, by whom they are brought to such honour; and when they fill up their places, and discharge their trust aright, the people have reason to be thankful for them; and especially for the "judges of the earth", when they are men fearing God and hating covetousness, and impartially minister justice and judgment; see <a href="/psalms/2-10.htm">Psalm 2:10</a>. <a name="gsb" id="gsb"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/gsb/psalms/148.htm">Geneva Study Bible</a></div><span class="cverse2"><span class="cverse3">{g}</span> Kings of the earth, and all people; princes, and all judges of the earth:</span><p>(g) For the greater gifts that any has received and the more high that one is preferred, the more bound is he to praise God for the same: but neither high nor low condition or degree can be exempted from this duty.</div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="comtype">EXEGETICAL (ORIGINAL LANGUAGES)</div><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/cambridge/psalms/148.htm">Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges</a></div><span class="bld">11, 12</span>. Last of all man, as the crown of creation (<a href="/genesis/1-26.htm" title="And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.">Genesis 1:26</a>), is summoned to join the chorus, without distinction of rank or age or sex.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital">all people</span>] Peoples, naturally coupled with <span class="ital">kings</span>.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="pul" id="pul"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/148.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 11.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Kings of the earth, and all people</span>; rather, <span class="accented">all peoples</span>; or, <span class="accented">all nations</span>. <span class="accented"><span class="cmt_word"></span>Princes, and all judges of the earth</span>. "Kings," "princes," and "judges" represent the upper classes of society; "peoples," or "nations," all the remainder. Together, they include the whole race of mankind. Psalm 148:11<a name="kad" id="kad"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/kad/psalms/148.htm">Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament</a></div>The call to the praise of Jahve is now turned, in the second group of verses, to the earth and everything belonging to it in the widest extent. Here too מן־הארץ, like מן־השּׁמים, <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/148-1.htm">Psalm 148:1</a>, is intended of the place whence the praise is to resound, and not according to <a href="/psalms/10-18.htm">Psalm 10:18</a> of earthly beings. The call is addressed in the first instance to the sea-monsters or dragons (<a href="/psalms/74-13.htm">Psalm 74:13</a>), i.e., as Pindar (Nem. iii. 23f.) expresses it, θῆρας ἐν πελάγεΐ ὑπερο'χους, and to the surging mass of waters (תּהמות) above and within the earth. Then to four phenomena of nature, coming down from heaven and ascending heavenwards, which are so arranged in <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/148-8.htm">Psalm 148:8</a>, after the model of the chiasmus (crosswise position), that fire and smoke (קטור), more especially of the mountains (<a href="/exodus/19-18.htm">Exodus 19:18</a>), hail and snow stand in reciprocal relation; and to the storm-wind (רוּח סערה, an appositional construction, as in <a href="/psalms/107-25.htm">Psalm 107:25</a>), which, beside a seeming freeness and untractableness, performs God's word. What is said of this last applies also to the fire, etc.; all these phenomena of nature are messengers and servants of God, <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/104-4.htm">Psalm 104:4</a>, cf. <a href="/psalms/103-20.htm">Psalm 103:20</a>. When the poet wishes that they all may join in concert with the rest of the creatures to the praise of God, he excepts the fact that they frequently become destructive powers executing judicial punishment, and only has before his mind their (more especially to the inhabitant of Palestine, to whom the opportunity of seeing hail, snow, and ice was more rare than with us, imposing) grandeur and their relatedness to the whole of creation, which is destined to glorify God and to be itself glorified. He next passes over to the mountains towering towards the skies and to all the heights of earth; to the fruit-trees, and to the cedars, the kings among the trees of the forest; to the wild beasts, which are called חחיּה because they represent the most active and powerful life in the animal world, and to all quadrupeds, which, more particularly the four-footed domestic animals, are called בּהמה; to the creeping things (רמשׂ) which cleave to the ground as they move along; and to the birds, which are named with the descriptive epithet winged (צפּור כּנף as in <a href="http://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/4-17.htm">Deuteronomy 4:17</a>, cf. <a href="/genesis/7-14.htm">Genesis 7:14</a>; <a href="http://biblehub.com/ezekiel/39-17.htm">Ezekiel 39:17</a>, instead of עוף כּנף, <a href="/genesis/1-21.htm">Genesis 1:21</a>). And just as the call in <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/103.htm">Psalm 103</a> finds its centre of gravity, so to speak, at last in the soul of man, so here it is addressed finally to humanity, and that, because mankind lives in nations and is comprehended under the law of a state commonwealth, in the first instance to its heads: the kings of the earth, i.e., those who rule over the earth by countries, to the princes and all who have the administration of justice and are possessed of supreme power on the earth, then to men of both sexes and of every age.<p>All the beings mentioned from <a href="/psalms/148-1.htm">Psalm 148:1</a> onwards are to praise the Name of Jahve; for His Name, He (the God of this Name) alone (<a href="/isaiah/2-11.htm">Isaiah 2:11</a>; <a href="/psalms/72-18.htm">Psalm 72:18</a>) is נשׂגּב, so high that no name reaches up to Him, not even from afar; His glory (His glorious self-attestation) extends over earth and heaven (vid., <a href="/psalms/8-2.htm">Psalm 8:2</a>). כּי, without our being able and obliged to decide which, introduces the matter and the ground of the praise; and the fact that the desire of the poet comprehends in יהללוּ all the beings mentioned is seen from his saying "earth and heaven," as he glances back from the nearer things mentioned to those mentioned farther off (cf. <a href="/genesis/2-4.htm">Genesis 2:4</a>). In <a href="/psalms/148-14.htm">Psalm 148:14</a> the statement of the object and of the ground of the praise is continued. The motive from which the call to all creatures to Hallelujah proceeds, viz., the new mercy which God has shown towards His people, is also the final ground of the Hallelujah which is to sound forth; for the church of God on earth is the central-point of the universe, the aim of the history of the world, and the glorifying of this church is the turning-point for the transformation of the world. It is not to be rendered: He hath exalted the horn of His people, any more than in <a href="/psalms/132-17.htm">Psalm 132:17</a> : I will make the horn of David to shoot forth. The horn in both instances is one such as the person named does not already possess, but which is given him (different from <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/89-18.htm">Psalm 89:18</a>, <a href="/psalms/89-25.htm">Psalm 89:25</a>; <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/92-11.htm">Psalm 92:11</a>, and frequently). The Israel of the Exile had lost its horn, i.e., its comeliness and its defensive and offensive power. God has now given it a horn again, and that a high one, i.e., has helped Israel to attain again an independence among the nations that commands respect. In <a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/132.htm">Psalm 132</a>, where the horn is an object of the promise, we might directly understand by it the Branch (Zemach). Here, where the poet speaks out of his own present age, this is at least not the meaning which he associates with the words. What now follows is an apposition to ויּרם קרן לעמּו: He has raised up a horn for His people - praise (we say: to the praise of; cf. the New Testament εἰς ἔπαινον) to all His saints, the children of Israel, the people who stand near Him. Others, as Hengstenberg, take תּהלּה as a second object, but we cannot say הרים תּהלּה. Israel is called עם קרבו, the people of His near equals of His nearness or vicinity (Kster), as Jerusalem is called in <a href="/ecclesiastes/8-10.htm">Ecclesiastes 8:10</a> מקום קדושׁ instead of קדשׁ מקום (Ew. 287, a, b). It might also be said, according to <a href="http://biblehub.com/leviticus/10-3.htm">Leviticus 10:3</a>, עם קרביו, the nation of those who are near to Him (as the Targum renders it). In both instances עם is the governing noun, as, too, surely גּבר is in גּבר עמיתי ni, <a href="http://biblehub.com/zechariah/13-7.htm">Zechariah 13:7</a>, which need not signify, by going back to the abstract primary signification of עמית, a man of my near fellowship, but can also signify a man of my neighbour, i.e., my nearest man, according to Ew. loc. cit. (cf. above on <a href="/psalms/145-10.htm">Psalm 145:10</a>). As a rule, the principal form of עם is pointed עם; and it is all the more unnecessary, with Olshausen and Hupfeld, to take the construction as adjectival for עם קרוב לו. It might, with Hitzig after Aben-Ezra, be more readily regarded as appositional (to a people, His near, i.e., standing near to Him). We have here an example of the genitival subordination, which is very extensive in Hebrew, instead of an appositional co-ordination: populo propinqui sui, in connection with which propinqui may be referred back to propinquum equals propinquitas, but also to propinquus (literally: a people of the kind of one that is near to Him). Thus is Israel styled in <a href="/deuteronomy/4-7.htm">Deuteronomy 4:7</a>. In the consciousness of the dignity which lies in this name, the nation of the God of the history of salvation comes forward in this Psalm as the leader (choragus) of all creatures, and strikes up a Hallelujah that is to be followed by heaven and earth. <div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Interlinear</a><br /><a href="/texts/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Parallel Texts</a><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/niv/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="http://bibleapps.com/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Bible Apps</a><br /><a href="/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Parallel</a><br /><a href="http://bibliaparalela.com/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="http://holybible.com.cn/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="http://saintebible.com/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 French Bible</a><br /><a href="http://bibeltext.com/psalms/148-11.htm">Psalm 148:11 German Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/">Bible Hub</a><br /></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td align="center"><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="../psalms/148-10.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Psalm 148:10"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Psalm 148:10" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="../psalms/148-12.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Psalm 148:12"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Psalm 148:12" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div> <div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>