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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Utilizare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Utilizare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilizare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prezentare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prezentare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prezentare</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prezentare-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prezentare subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prezentare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lunile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lunile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lunile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lunile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zilele_săptămânii" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zilele_săptămânii"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Zilele săptămânii</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zilele_săptămânii-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Echivalarea_anilor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Echivalarea_anilor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Echivalarea anilor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Echivalarea_anilor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Numerotarea_anilor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numerotarea_anilor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Numerotarea anilor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Numerotarea_anilor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Numerotarea anilor subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Numerotarea_anilor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primii_zece_ani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primii_zece_ani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Primii zece ani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primii_zece_ani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decizia_lui_′Umar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decizia_lui_′Umar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Decizia lui ′Umar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decizia_lui_′Umar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calendarul_preislamic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calendarul_preislamic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Calendarul preislamic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Calendarul_preislamic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Calendarul preislamic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Calendarul_preislamic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nasiʾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nasiʾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span><i>Nasiʾ</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nasiʾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Calendarul islamic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 125 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-125" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">125 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanak_Islam" title="Almanak Islam – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Almanak Islam" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamitiese_kalender" title="Islamitiese kalender – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Islamitiese kalender" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamische_Zeitrechnung" title="Islamische Zeitrechnung – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Islamische Zeitrechnung" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تقويم هجري – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقويم هجري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" title="تقويم إسلامي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تقويم إسلامي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%89" title="تقويم هجرى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تقويم هجرى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80" title="ইছলামিক বৰ্ষপঞ্জী – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইছলামিক বৰ্ষপঞ্জী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendariu_isl%C3%A1micu" title="Calendariu islámicu – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Calendariu islámicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Исламияб календарь – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Исламияб календарь" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="हिजरी – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हिजरी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hicri_t%C9%99qvim" title="Hicri təqvim – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hicri təqvim" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="هیجری قمری تقویمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیجری قمری تقویمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%82%D3%99%D2%A1%D2%AF%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Һижри тәҡүим – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һижри тәҡүим" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мусульманскі каляндар – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мусульманскі каляндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мусульманскі каляндар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мусульманскі каляндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ислямски календар – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислямски календар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0" title="हिजरी कलेंडर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हिजरी कलेंडर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanak_Hijriah" title="Almanak Hijriah – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Almanak Hijriah" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="ইসলামি বর্ষপঞ্জি – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলামি বর্ষপঞ্জি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiziadur_muzulmat" title="Deiziadur muzulmat – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deiziadur muzulmat" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamski_kalendar" title="Islamski kalendar – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islamski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendari_musulm%C3%A0" title="Calendari musulmà – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Calendari musulmà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Исламан рузма – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Исламан рузма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%98%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%86%DB%8C" title="ڕۆژژمێری کۆچی – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژژمێری کۆچی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1msk%C3%BD_kalend%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Islámský kalendář – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islámský kalendář" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisk_kalender" title="Islamisk kalender – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islamisk kalender" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamischer_Kalender" title="Islamischer Kalender – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islamischer Kalender" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serrenameyo_H%C4%B1cri" title="Serrenameyo Hıcri – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Serrenameyo Hıcri" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ισλαμικό ημερολόγιο – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλαμικό ημερολόγιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islamic calendar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islama_kalendaro" title="Islama kalendaro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islama kalendaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_musulm%C3%A1n" title="Calendario musulmán – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Calendario musulmán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islami_kalender" title="Islami kalender – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islami kalender" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamiar_egutegia" title="Islamiar egutegia – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islamiar egutegia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="گاه‌شماری هجری قمری – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاه‌شماری هجری قمری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamilainen_kalenteri" title="Islamilainen kalenteri – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islamilainen kalenteri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calendrier hégirien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaamisk_kalender" title="Islaamisk kalender – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Islaamisk kalender" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendari_islamic" title="Calendari islamic – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Calendari islamic" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamityske_kalinder" title="Islamityske kalinder – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Islamityske kalinder" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_musulm%C3%A1n" title="Calendario musulmán – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Calendario musulmán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="هجری قمری تقویم – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="هجری قمری تقویم" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%95_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97" title="ઇસ્લામીક પંચાંગ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇસ્લામીક પંચાંગ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijira_kalanda" title="Hijira kalanda – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Hijira kalanda" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99" title="הלוח המוסלמי – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הלוח המוסלמי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="हिजरी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिजरी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamski_kalendar" title="Islamski kalendar – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Islamski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalandriye_ejiryen" title="Kalandriye ejiryen – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kalandriye ejiryen" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muszlim_napt%C3%A1r" title="Muszlim naptár – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Muszlim naptár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%85%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D6%81" title="Իսլամական օրացույց – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամական օրացույց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_islamic" title="Calendario islamic – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Calendario islamic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Hijriah" title="Kalender Hijriah – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalender Hijriah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamala_kalendario" title="Islamala kalendario – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Islamala kalendario" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dslamska_t%C3%ADmatali%C3%B0" title="Íslamska tímatalið – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íslamska tímatalið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_islamico" title="Calendario islamico – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Calendario islamico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%A9%E6%9A%A6" title="ヒジュラ暦 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒジュラ暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pananggalan_Hijriyah" title="Pananggalan Hijriyah – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pananggalan Hijriyah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98)" title="ჰიჯრა (კალენდარი) – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიჯრა (კალენდარი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taswast_tineslemt" title="Taswast tineslemt – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taswast tineslemt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%8D%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Ислъам махуэгъэпс – kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ислъам махуэгъэпс" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Ислам күнтізбесі – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ислам күнтізбесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಿಜರಿ ಕ್ಯಾಲೆಂಡರ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಿಜರಿ ಕ್ಯಾಲೆಂಡರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EB%A0%A5" title="이슬람력 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%90%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%8E%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%96%D9%85" title="اِسلامی تَقويٖم – cașmiră" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِسلامی تَقويٖم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cașmiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salnameya_ko%C3%A7%C3%AE" title="Salnameya koçî – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Salnameya koçî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendarium_Islamicum" title="Calendarium Islamicum – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Calendarium Islamicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Бусурманнал календарь – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Бусурманнал календарь" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calend%C3%A4io_isl%C3%A0mico" title="Calendäio islàmico – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Calendäio islàmico" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musulmon%C5%B3_kalendorius" title="Musulmonų kalendorius – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Musulmonų kalendorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81ma_kalend%C4%81rs" title="Islāma kalendārs – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāma kalendārs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetiandro_mozilmana" title="Tetiandro mozilmana – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tetiandro mozilmana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Hijriyah" title="Kalender Hijriyah – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kalender Hijriyah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Исламски календар – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Исламски календар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC" title="ഇസ്‌ലാമിക കലണ്ടർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്‌ലാമിക കലണ്ടർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="इस्लामिक कालगणना – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्लामिक कालगणना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takwim_Hijrah" title="Takwim Hijrah – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Takwim Hijrah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="အစ္စလာမ်ပြက္ခဒိန် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ္စလာမ်ပြက္ခဒိန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="هجری قمری تقویم – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هجری قمری تقویم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="इस्लामी पात्रो – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्लामी पात्रो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamitische_kalender" title="Islamitische kalender – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islamitische kalender" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimsk_tidsrekning" title="Muslimsk tidsrekning – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Muslimsk tidsrekning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamsk_kalender" title="Islamsk kalender – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islamsk kalender" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendi%C3%A8r_musulman" title="Calendièr musulman – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Calendièr musulman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0" title="ਇਸਲਾਮੀ ਕਲੰਡਰ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮੀ ਕਲੰਡਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendarz_muzu%C5%82ma%C5%84ski" title="Kalendarz muzułmański – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kalendarz muzułmański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1" title="اسلامی کیلنڈر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسلامی کیلنڈر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%96%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D9%84%DB%90%DA%96%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="سپوږميز لېږديز کليز – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سپوږميز لېږديز کليز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calend%C3%A1rio_isl%C3%A2mico" title="Calendário islâmico – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Calendário islâmico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Исламский календарь – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исламский календарь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Islamic calendar" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A_%DA%AA%D8%A6%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A%D8%B1" title="هجري ڪئلينڊر – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هجري ڪئلينڊر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamski_kalendar" title="Islamski kalendar – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islamski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1" title="ඉස්ලාමීය දිනදසුන – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්ලාමීය දිනදසුන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islamic calendar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamsk%C3%BD_kalend%C3%A1r" title="Islamský kalendár – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Islamský kalendár" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamski_koledar" title="Islamski koledar – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islamski koledar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalandarka_Islaamka" title="Kalandarka Islaamka – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kalandarka Islaamka" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendari_hixhri" title="Kalendari hixhri – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kalendari hixhri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Исламски календар – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Исламски календар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C3%A9nder_Islam" title="Kalénder Islam – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kalénder Islam" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslimska_kalendern" title="Muslimska kalendern – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Muslimska kalendern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalenda_ya_Kiislamu" title="Kalenda ya Kiislamu – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kalenda ya Kiislamu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="இசுலாமிய நாட்காட்டி – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுலாமிய நாட்காட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్లామీయ కేలండర్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లామీయ కేలండర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D2%B3%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D2%B7%D1%80%D3%A3" title="Гоҳшумории ҳиҷрӣ – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гоҳшумории ҳиҷрӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="ปฏิทินฮิจเราะห์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปฏิทินฮิจเราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_kalendary" title="Islam kalendary – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Islam kalendary" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamikong_kalendaryo" title="Islamikong kalendaryo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Islamikong kalendaryo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hicr%C3%AE_takvim" title="Hicrî takvim – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hicrî takvim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D2%97%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%82%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Һиҗри тәкъвим – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һиҗри тәкъвим" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%89%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95_%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%82%DB%8B%D9%89%D9%85%D9%89" title="ھىجرىيە تەقۋىمى – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھىجرىيە تەقۋىمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мусульманський календар – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мусульманський календар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="اسلامی تقویم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلامی تقویم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islomiy_taqvim" title="Islomiy taqvim – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islomiy taqvim" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o" title="Lịch Hồi giáo – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lịch Hồi giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calindr%C3%AE_muzulman" title="Calindrî muzulman – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Calindrî muzulman" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendaryo_Islamiko" title="Kalendaryo Islamiko – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kalendaryo Islamiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weeri_wolof" title="Weeri wolof – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Weeri wolof" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86" title="伊斯兰历 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯兰历" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98)" title="ჰიჯრა (კალენდარი) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰიჯრა (კალენდარი)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A8" title="איסלאמישער קאלענדאר – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איסלאמישער קאלענדאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86" title="伊斯兰历 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯兰历" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%9B%86" title="回曆 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="回曆" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_Le%CC%8Dk-hoat" title="Islam Le̍k-hoat – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Islam Le̍k-hoat" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%9B%86" title="回曆 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="回曆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28892#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Calendarul_islamic" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" 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permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Calendarul_islamic&id=16569416&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCalendarul_islamic"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCalendarul_islamic"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Calendarul+islamic"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Calendarul_islamic&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Islamic_calendars" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28892" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><p><b>Calendarul islamic</b> sau <b>calendarul <a href="/wiki/Hegir%C4%83" title="Hegiră">hegirei</a></b> (<b>H</b>) este un <a href="/wiki/Calendar_lunar" title="Calendar lunar">calendar lunar</a> format din 12 luni, într-un an de 354 sau 355 zile. El începe cu data 1 muharram, anul 1 al <a href="/wiki/Hegir%C4%83" title="Hegiră">hegirei</a>, dată care corespunde în <a href="/wiki/Calendarul_gregorian" title="Calendarul gregorian">calendarul solar gregorian</a> cu data de 16 iulie 622 d.H., și reprezintă începutul erei islamice, marcată de strămutarea (ar. هجرة : hiğra) profetului <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> la <a href="/wiki/Yathrib" class="mw-redirect" title="Yathrib">Yathrib</a> (viitoare Medina). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kaaba_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/220px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/330px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/440px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption> <center><b><a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>, principalul reper în islamul</b></center></figcaption></figure> <div style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; padding:3px; color:white; float:right; text-align:center; clear:right; background:#31644d; border:1px solid #215E21;"><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;color:var(--color-base, #000) !important;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width:180px; border:1px dotted #afbfb8; background:#31644d; color:#afbfb8; padding:1px; float:none; clear:none; margin:0; border-spacing:0.2em 0.8em;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em">Articole <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Islam" title="Categorie:Islam"><span style="color:white;">referitoare la </span></a>:</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam"><span style="color:white; font-size:140%; font-family:Palatino Linotype;"><b>Islam</b></span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;padding:0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Allah1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Allah1.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="195" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iman_(concept)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iman (concept) — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color: white;">Credințe</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tawhid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tawhid — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Unicitatea</span></a> lui <a href="/wiki/Dumnezeu_%C3%AEn_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumnezeu în Islam"><span style="color:#555555;">Dumnezeu</span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profe%C8%9Bi_ai_Islamului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Profeți ai Islamului — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;"> Profeți </span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C4%83r%C8%9Bi_islamice_sfinte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cărți islamice sfinte — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Cărți sfinte</span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Engeri_%C3%AEn_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Îngeri în islam — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Îngeri</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Predestinarea_%C3%AEn_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predestinarea în Islam — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Predestinarea</span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viziunea_Islamic%C4%83_a_Judec%C4%83%C8%9Bii_de_Apoi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viziunea Islamică a Judecății de Apoi — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Ziua Învierii</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/wiki/Cinci_St%C3%A2lpi_ai_Islamului" title="Cinci Stâlpi ai Islamului"><span style="color: white;">Practici</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shahada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shahada — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Mărturisirea credinței</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Salah" class="mw-redirect" title="Salah"><span style="color:#555555;">Rugăciune</span></a> <br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Sawm" title="Sawm"><span style="color:#555555;">Postul</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zak%C4%81t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakāt — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Pomană</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj"><span style="color:#555555;">Pelerinaj</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=List%C4%83_de_texte_islamice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Listă de texte islamice — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color: white;">Texte</span></a> și <a href="/wiki/Sharia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia"><span style="color: white;">legi</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Coran" title="Coran"><span style="color:#555555;">Coran</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnah — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Sunnah</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith"><span style="color:#555555;">Hadith</span></a><br /> </p> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiqh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiqh — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Fiqh</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sharia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia"><span style="color:#555555;">Sharia</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam"><span style="color:#555555;">Kalam</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/wiki/Istoria_musulmanilor" class="mw-redirect" title="Istoria musulmanilor"><span style="color: white;">Istorie</span></a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lideri_islamici_religio%C8%99i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lideri islamici religioși — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color: white;">lideri</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cronologia_istoriei_musulmane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cronologia istoriei musulmane — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Cronologie</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mahomed" title="Mahomed"><span style="color:#555555;">Mahomed</span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahl_al-Bayt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahl al-Bayt — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Ahl al-Bayt</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" title="Sahaba"><span style="color:#555555;">Sahaba</span></a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Califatul_Rashidun" title="Califatul Rashidun"><span style="color:#555555;">Rashidun</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imamah_(doctrin%C4%83_Shia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imamah (doctrină Shia) — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Imamat</span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Califat" title="Califat"><span style="color:#555555;">Califat</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C4%83sp%C3%A2ndirea_islamului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Răspândirea islamului — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Răspândirea islamului</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coli_%C8%99i_ramuri_islamice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școli și ramuri islamice — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color: white;">Culte</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Sunnism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnism"><span style="color:#555555;">Sunnism</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98iia" class="mw-redirect" title="Șiia"><span style="color:#555555;">Șiia</span></a> <br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism"><span style="color:#555555;">Sufism</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ibadism" title="Ibadism"><span style="color:#555555;">Ibadism</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya"><span style="color:#555555;">Ahmadiyya</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quranism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quranism — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Quraniyoon</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam"><span style="color:#555555;">NOI</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_islamic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura islamică — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color: white;">Cultură</span></a> și <a href="/wiki/Lumea_musulman%C4%83" title="Lumea musulmană"><span style="color: white;">societate</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studii_islamice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studii islamice — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Studii</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamul_%C8%99i_animalele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamul și animalele — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Animale</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Art%C4%83_islamic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artă islamică — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Artă</span></a><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#555555;">Calendar</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamul_%C8%99i_copii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamul și copii — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Copii</span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dawah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dawah — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Dawah</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  </p> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamul_dup%C4%83_%C8%9Bar%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamul după țară — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Demografie</span></a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%83rb%C4%83tori_musulmane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sărbători musulmane — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Festivaluri</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Moschee" title="Moschee"><span style="color:#555555;">Moschee</span></a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofia_islamic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofia islamică — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Filozofie</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspectele_politice_ale_Islamului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspectele politice ale Islamului — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Politică</span></a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamul_%C8%99i_%C8%99tiin%C8%9Ba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamul și știința — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Știința</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Condi%C8%9Bia_femeii_%C3%AEn_islam" title="Condiția femeii în islam"><span style="color:#555555;">Femeia</span></a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.3em; background:white; line-height:1.2em; font-size:112%;"> <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Islam" title="Categorie:Islam"><span style="color: white;">Vezi și</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0; background:#fdfdfb; border-top:3px solid #1f4835; border-bottom:3px solid #1f4835; border-left:2px solid #31644d; border-right:2px solid #31644d;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamul_%C8%99i_alte_religii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamul și alte religii — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Alte religii</span></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glosar_de_termeni_islamici_%C3%AEn_arab%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glosar de termeni islamici în arabă — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:#555555;">Glosar</span></a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold"> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Islam — pagină inexistentă"><span style="color:white;">Portal Islam</span></a></b><br /> <span class="noprint plainlinks" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: xx-small; font-weight: normal; ;"><span style="color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Islam-start" title="Format:Islam-start"><span title="Vizualizare format" style="color:white;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Islam-start&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Islam-start — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style="color:white;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Islam-start&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style="color:white;;">m</span></a></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilizare">Utilizare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Utilizare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Calendarul islamic este folosit pentru a marca evenimentele din multe țări islamice (concomitent cu cel gregorian), și este folosit de către musulmanii pretutindeni pentru a stabili zilele sărbătoririi anuale a <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>-ului, pentru a participa la <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a>, și pentru a sărbători alte evenimente specifice culturii. </p><p>Primul an islamic a fost în <a href="/wiki/622" title="622">622</a> d.Hr., an în care a avut loc emigrarea profetului <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> la <a href="/wiki/Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Medina">Medina</a>, cunoscut sub numele de <a href="/wiki/Hegira" class="mw-redirect" title="Hegira">hegira</a>. Fiecare an numerotat este desemnat fie "H" de la hegira sau "AH" pentru latinescul anno Hegirae („în anul <a href="/wiki/Hegir%C4%83" title="Hegiră">hegirei</a>”).<br /> </p><p>Anul islamic current este <b>1445 AH</b> (corespunzător perioadei de la <a href="/wiki/2023" title="2023">19 iulie 2023</a> la <a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">7 iulie 2024</a> din calendarul gregorian). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prezentare">Prezentare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Prezentare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Prezentare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lunile">Lunile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Lunile" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lunile"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cele douăsprezece luni ale calendarului islamic sunt denumite după cum urmează în <a href="/wiki/Arab%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabă">arabă</a>: </p> <ol><li><b>Muḥarram</b> (المحرم însemnând „interzis”), numit asa deoarece lupta a fost interzisă (haram) în cursul acestei luni. Muharram include ziua de <a href="/wiki/S%C4%83rb%C4%83toarea_Ashura" class="mw-redirect" title="Sărbătoarea Ashura">Ashura</a>.</li> <li><b>Șafar</b> (صفر însemnând „gol” ), se presupune că este numit astfel deoarece casele arabilor păgâni erau goale în această perioadă a anului în timp ce ocupanții lor adunau alimente.</li> <li><b>Rabīʿ I</b> (rabiʿ al-awwal , ربيعالأول), care înseamnă „primul izvor”.</li> <li><b>Rabīʿ II</b> (rabiʿ ath-thani ربيعالثاني sau rabiʿ al-akhir ربيعالآخر ), care înseamnă „a doua (sau ultima) primăvară”.</li> <li><b>Jumādā I</b> (jumādā al-ula , جمادىالأولى înseamnă „prima lună de teren uscat”). De multe ori considerată vara pre–islamică.</li> <li><b>Jumādā II</b> (jumādā ath-thania جمادىالثانية sau jumādā al-akhira جمادىالآخرة ), care înseamnă „a doua (sau ultima) lună de pământ uscat.</li> <li><b>Rajab</b> (رجب însemnând „respect”, „onoare”). Aceasta este încă o lună sacră în care lupta a fost interzisă în mod tradițional.</li> <li><b>Șaʿban</b> (شعبان însemnând „risipit”). Marca perioada din an în care triburile arabe erau dispersate pentru a găsi apă.</li> <li><b>Ramaḍān</b> (رمضان însemnând „ars”). Ramadanul este luna cea mai venerată din calendarul Hijri, când musulmanii trebuie să postească din zori până la apusul soarelui și ar trebui să facă acte de caritate pentru săraci.</li> <li><b>Șawwāl</b> (شوال care înseamnă „ridicat”). Cămilele femele, în mod normal, ar avea viței în acest moment al anului.</li> <li><b>Dhū al-qaʿda</b> (ذوالقعدة însemnând „cel de armistițiu”). Dhu al-qa'da a fost o lună în care a fost interzis războiul.</li> <li><b>Dhū al-hijja</b> (ذوالحجة însemnând „cel de pelerinaj”). Este luna în care are loc pelerinajul musulman anual la <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a>).</li></ol> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nr. crt.</th> <th>Lunile calendarului islamic</th> <th>Durata în zile </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muharram">Muḥarram</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safar">Șafar</a></td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabi%27_al-awwal">Rabiʿ al-awwal</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabi%27_al-thani">Rabiʿ al-thani</a></td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumada_al-awwal">Jumādā Al-ula</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumada_al-thani">Jumādā ath-thani</a></td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajab">Rajab</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sha%27aban">Șaʿban</a></td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawwal">Șawwal</a></td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhu_al-Qi%27dah">Dhū al-qaʿda</a></td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah">Dhū al-hijja</a></td> <td>29/(30) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <td>354/(355) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zilele_săptămânii"><span id="Zilele_s.C4.83pt.C4.83m.C3.A2nii"></span>Zilele săptămânii</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Zilele săptămânii" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Zilele săptămânii"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În arabă, ca și în ebraică, prima zi a săptămânii corespunde cu duminica săptămânii planetare. Zilele săptămânii islamice, ca și cele în <a href="/wiki/Ebraic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebraică">ebraică</a> și calendarele <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í">Bahá'í</a>, încep la apusul soarelui, în timp ce zilele săptămânii creștine medievale si planetare încep la următoarul miez de noapte. Totuși, ziua liturgică creștină, ținuta în mănăstiri, începe cu vecernie, care este seara, în conformitate cu alte tradiții avraamice).<br /> </p><p>Musulmanii se adună pentru închinare la o moschee la prânz in „ziua întrunirii” (<a href="/wiki/Arab%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabă">arabă</a>: yaum al-jumu'ah, yawm يوم „zi”), care corespunde cu vineri. Astfel, „ziua întrunirii” este adesea considerată ca zi săptămânală de odihnă. Acest lucru se face oficial în mod frecvent, multe țări musulmane adoptând zilele de vineri și sâmbătă (de exemplu, <a href="/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt">Egipt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudit%C4%83" title="Arabia Saudită">Arabia Saudită</a>), sau joi și vineri, ca sfârșituri de săptămână oficiale, în care birourile sunt închise; alte țări, precum <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, face ziua de vineri numai o zi de odihnă. Câteva altele (de exemplu, <a href="/wiki/Turcia" title="Turcia">Turcia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>) au adoptat weekend-urile occidentale pentru sâmbătă – duminică, ceea ce face vinerea o zi de lucru, cu o pauză de prânz lungă, pentru a permite timp liber pentru închinare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Echivalarea_anilor">Echivalarea anilor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Echivalarea anilor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Echivalarea anilor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso">Articol principal: <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16505893">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}</style> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg/250px-Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg/375px-Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg/500px-Inscription_of_years_by_A.H.%26A.D._eras.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1786" /></a><figcaption> <center><b>Utilizarea concomitentă a calendarului gregorian și islamic la o bibliotecă din Ierusalim</b></center></figcaption></figure> <p>Anul islamic este un <a href="/wiki/Calendar_(astronomic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar (astronomic)">an selenar</a>, format din douăsprezece luni, iar fiecare lună are un număr de zile egal cu un ciclu lunar complet. Ca atare, anul islamic numără 354 de zile, cu 11 zile mai puțin decât <a href="/wiki/Calendarul_gregorian" title="Calendarul gregorian">anul solar</a>, folosit acum curent în întreaga lume. Acest lucru face ca sărbătorile islamice raportate la <a href="/wiki/Calendarul_gregorian" title="Calendarul gregorian">calendarul solar</a> sa fie în fiecare an cu 11 zile mai devreme față de anul precedent. </p><p>Pentru a elimina decalajul ce se forma între cele două sisteme de calendare — cel islamic, <a href="/wiki/Calendar_(astronomic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar (astronomic)">selenar</a> și cel creștin, <a href="/wiki/Calendar_(astronomic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar (astronomic)">solar</a> —- <a href="/wiki/Otoman" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Otoman">otomanii</a> au introdus la 1 martie <a href="/wiki/1676" title="1676">1676</a> un calendar financiar lunaro-solar, prin care la fiecare trei <a href="/wiki/Calendar_(astronomic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar (astronomic)">ani</a> lunari se mai adăuga o lună de 30 zile (aceasta era luna martie-bis). În felul acesta se puneau de acord cele două <a href="/wiki/Calendar_(astronomic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar (astronomic)">sisteme calendaristice</a>, însă acest hibrid nu se folosea decât în domeniul financiar. </p><p>Echivalarea anilor selenari cu cei solari, și invers, se face pe baza a două ecuații algebrice simple care pornesc de la faptul ca egalitatea între anii islamici și cei creștini se stabilește o dată la 32 de ani solari. Așadar, 32 ani solari înseamnă 33 ani selenari. </p> <center>Ecuația de echivalare a anilor solari conform calendarului <a href="/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism" title="Creștinism">creștin</a> în ani selenari conform calendarului islamic este:</center> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"> <tbody><tr> <th><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {C}={622+}{M\times 32 \over 33}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>622</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mn>32</mn> </mrow> <mn>33</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {C}={622+}{M\times 32 \over 33}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/976185859db0da13d7544184680be49c418f7e58" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:18.604ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {C}={622+}{M\times 32 \over 33}}"></span> </th></tr> </tbody></table> <center>Pentru aflarea anilor islamici plecând de la anii <a href="/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism" title="Creștinism">creștini</a>, formula este:</center> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"> <tbody><tr> <th><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {M}={(C-622)\times 33 \over 32}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>622</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <mn>33</mn> </mrow> <mn>32</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {M}={(C-622)\times 33 \over 32}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/49cfd9d23b49a49a2123f2579aaf863a02d7028a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:21.445ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {M}={(C-622)\times 33 \over 32}}"></span> </th></tr> </tbody></table> <pre> <i>unde C reprezintă anii solari, creștini, <a href="/wiki/622" title="622">622</a> este anul </i>hegirei<i>, iar M, anii selenari, islamici</i> </pre> <p>Zecimalele care apar la rezultat reprezintă zile ce vor fi grupate în luni. În epoca actuală, în majoritatea țărilor islamice se folosesc în paralel cele doua calendare, pe actele oficiale menționându-se întotdeauna doua date: cea islamică ce poartă indicativul H (هـ)de la <i>hegira</i>, și cea creștină ce poartă indicativul M (م) de la <i>Al-Milād</i>, Nașterea (lui <a href="/wiki/Hristos" class="mw-redirect" title="Hristos">Hristos</a>) în <a href="/wiki/Limba_arab%C4%83" title="Limba arabă">arabă</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Numerotarea_anilor">Numerotarea anilor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Numerotarea anilor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Numerotarea anilor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În Arabia preislamică, exista obiceiul de a identifica un an după un eveniment major care a avut loc în el. Astfel, conform tradiției islamice, Abraha, guvernator al <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemenului</a>, apoi al unei provincii a <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum">Regatului creștin din Aksum</a>, acum în <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a>, a încercat să distrugă <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>, cu o armată care a inclus mai mulți elefanți. Raidul nu a avut succes, dar acel an a devenit cunoscut sub numele de Anul Elefantului, în care s-a născut <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>. Mulți echivalează acest lucru cu anul AD 570, dar o minoritate utilizează anul AD 571. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primii_zece_ani">Primii zece ani</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primii zece ani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Primii zece ani"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Primii zece ani după hegira nu au fost numerotați, dar au fost numiți după evenimentele din viața lui Muhammad conform lui Abū Rayhan al-Biruni<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p><p>1. Anul permisiunii<br /> 2. Anul ordinului de luptă <br /> 3. Anul judecății<br /> 4. Anul felicitărilor pentru căsătorie<br /> 5. Anul cutremurului<br /> 6. Anul întrebărilor<br /> 7. Anul obținerii victoriei<br /> 8. Anul egalității<br /> 9. Anul dispensei<br /> 10. Anul de rămas bun </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decizia_lui_′Umar"><span id="Decizia_lui_.E2.80.B2Umar"></span>Decizia lui ′Umar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Decizia lui ′Umar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Decizia lui ′Umar"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În 638 AD/17 AH, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Musa_Ashaari">Abu Musa Ashaari</a>, unul dintre oficialii califului ′Umar din <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a>, s-a plâns de absența oricăror ani de corespondență primită de la <a href="/wiki/Umar" title="Umar">′Umar</a>, făcând astfel dificilă pentru el determinarea instrucțiunilor care ar fi fost cele mai recente. Acest raport l-a convins pe calif de necesitatea introducerii unei ere pentru musulmani. După dezbaterea acestei probleme cu consilierii săi, a decis că primul an ar trebui să includă data sosirii lui <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> la <a href="/wiki/Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Medina">Medina</a> - cunoscut sub numele de Yathrib înainte de sosirea lui <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthman_ibn_Affan">Uthman ibn Affan</a> a sugerat apoi că lunile încep cu Muharram, în conformitate cu obiceiul stabilit de arabi la acel moment<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și astfel anii din calendarul islamic au început cu luna muharram, în anul sosirii lui <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> în <a href="/wiki/Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Medina">Medina</a>, chiar dacă emigrarea efectivă a avut loc în safar și rabi' I<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, iar calendarul a fost numit după acest eveniment marcant în istoria <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamului</a>. </p><p>Prima zi a primei luni a primului an islamic - 1 muharram 1 AH, a fost vineri, ceea ce corespunde cu 16 iulie 622 în calendarul iulian<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Această dată a fost determinată de către astronomii musulmani medievali prin proiectarea înapoi în timp a propriului lor <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar">calendar tabular islamic</a>, care alterna luni de 30 si 29 de zile în fiecare an lunar, plus 11 zile bisecte la fiecare 30 de ani. Cu toate că nu a fost folosită nici de astronomii musulmani medievali, nici de oamenii de știință moderni pentru a determina epoca islamică, semiluna subțire ar fi devenit, de asemenea, vizibilă pentru prima dată (presupunând că norii nu au ascuns-o), la scurt timp după apusul soarelui precedent serii zilei de 15 iulie<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Deși Patricia Crone și Michael Cook în „Hagarism-ul sau facerea lumii islamice” citează o monedă din 17 AH <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, primele utilizări atestate care au supraviețuit ale unui calendar islamic datează, alături de o altă dată calendaristică dintr-un calendar copt,pe un papirus din Egipt din 22 AH, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PERF_558">PERF 558</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calendarul_preislamic">Calendarul preislamic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Calendarul preislamic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Calendarul preislamic"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inscripții de vechi calendare ale Arabiei de Sud dezvăluie utilizarea unui număr de calendare locale, cel puțin unele dintre aceste calendare urmând <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar">sistemul lunisolar</a>. Pentru Arabia Centrală, mai ales <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, există o lipsă de dovezi epigrafice, însă detaliile se găsesc în scrierile autorilor musulmani ale epocii abbaside. Atât <a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Biruni">al-Biruni</a> cât și <a href="/wiki/Al-Masudi" title="Al-Masudi">al-Mas'udi</a> sugerează că arabii antici utilizau aceleași nume de luni ca și musulmanii, deși ei au înregistrat, de asemenea, alte denumiri de luna utilizate de către arabii păgâni. </p><p>Tradiția islamică este unanimă în atestarea faptului că arabii de Tihamah, Hejaz și Najd distingeau între două tipuri de luni, permise (<br /> halal) și interzise (haram). Lunile interzise au fost în numar de patru, timp în care lupta este interzisă, acestea fiind rajab și trei luni din jurul sezonul de pelerinaj,dhū al-qaʿda, dhū al-hijja și muharram. Informații despre lunile interzise se gasesc, de asemenea, în scrierile lui <a href="/wiki/Procopius" title="Procopius">Procopius</a>, unde el descrie un armistițiu cu arabii de est ai lui <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mundhir_III_ibn_al-Nu%27man">Lakhmid al-Mundhir</a>, care a avut loc în vara anului 541 AD. Cu toate acestea, istoricii musulmani nu leagă aceste luni la un anumit sezon. Coranul leagă cele patru luni interzise cu nasiʾ (<a href="/wiki/Arab%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabă">arabă</a>: النسيء‎; lit. "amânare"). Conform tradiției musulmane, decizia de amânare a fost administrată de către tribul <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banu_Kinanah">Banu Kinanah</a>, de catre un om cunoscut sub numele de al-Qalammas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nasiʾ"><span id="Nasi.CA.BE"></span><i>Nasiʾ</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Nasiʾ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Nasiʾ"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au fost propuse interpretări diferite ale conceptului de <i>nasiʾ</i>(<a href="/wiki/Arab%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabă">arabă</a>: النسيء‎; lit. "amânare"). Unii oameni de știință, atât musulmani cât și vestici, susțin că acest calendar pre-islamic folosit în Arabia Centrală a fost un calendar pur lunar similar cu calendarul islamic modern. În conformitate cu acest punct de vedere <i>nasi</i>ʾ este legat de practicile păgâne ale arabilor din Mecca, prin care au modificat distribuția lunilor interzise într-un anumit an, fără sa implice o manipulare a calendarului. Această interpretare este susținută de către istorici și lexicografi arabi, cum ar fi <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Manzur">Ibn Manzursi</a> corpusul de exegeza coranică<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. De asemenea, este confirmat de o veche inscripție <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabaean_language">sabeeană</a>, în care un ritual religios a fost "amânat" din cauza războiului. Conform contextului acestei inscripții, verbul nsʾ(ن س ء ) nu are nimic de-a face cu intercalarea, ci numai cu mișcarea evenimentelor religioase în cadrul calendarului în sine. Similaritatea dintre conceptul religios al aceastei inscripții antice și <a href="/wiki/Coran" title="Coran">Coran</a> sugerează că amânarea non-calendaristică este, de asemenea, sensul coranic al lui nasiʾ. Astfel, Enciclopedia Islamului concluzionează că "Sistemul arab de [ nasi ʾ ] doar muta pelerinajul și târgurile asociate cu acesta în apropiere de <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> într-un sezon adecvat al anului. Nu a fost destinat pentru a stabili un calendar fix care să fie în respectat." </p><p>Alții sunt de acord că acesta a fost inițial un calendar lunar, dar sugerează că aproximativ 200 de ani înainte de Hijra a fost transformat într-un calendar lunisolar care conținea o lună intercalată adăugata din când în când pentru a menține pelerinajul în sezonul din an în care marfa era cea mai abundentă. Această interpretare a fost propusă pentru prima dată de astrologul și astronomulmusulman medieval, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ma'shar_al-Balkhi">Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi</a>, și mai târziu de către <a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Biruni">al-Biruni</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și <a href="/wiki/Al-Masudi" title="Al-Masudi">al-Mas'udi</a>, dar și de unii cercetători occidentali<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Această interpretare consideră nasiʾ ca fiind un sinonim pentru cuvântul arab "intercalare" (kabīsa). De asemenea, se sugerează că în fiecare al doilea sau al treilea an, începutul anului era amânat cu o lună. Intercalarea a dublat luna pelerinajului, iar lunii de pelerinaj și celei următoare le-a fost atribuit acelasi nume, amânând astfel numele și caracterul sacru al tuturor lunilor ulterioare din an. Prima intercalare a dublat prima lună Muharram, apoi trei ani mai târziu a doua lună Safar a fost dublată, continuând până când intercalareaa trecut prin toate cele douăsprezece luni din an și s-a întors la Muharram, când a fost repetată. Arabii , în conformitate cu o explicație menționat de către <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ma'shar_al-Balkhi">Abu Ma'shar</a>, ar fi învățat acest tip de intercalare de la evrei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.archive.org/details/elementsofjewish00burnuoft">http://www.archive.org/details/elementsofjewish00burnuoft</a> (1901) p. 376</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.muis.gov.sg/cms/uploadedFiles/PortalSG/Community/Khutbah/E08Jan11%20-%20Appreciating%20Islamic%20History.doc">http://www.muis.gov.sg/cms/uploadedFiles/PortalSG/Community/Khutbah/E08Jan11%20-%20Appreciating%20Islamic%20History.doc</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001163736/http://www.muis.gov.sg/cms/uploadedFiles/PortalSG/Community/Khutbah/E08Jan11%20-%20Appreciating%20Islamic%20History.doc">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2008-10-01">1 octombrie 2008</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accesat la 23 mai 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Watt, W. Montgomery. "Hidjra". In P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/elementsofjewish00burnuoft">https://archive.org/details/elementsofjewish00burnuoft</a> (1901) pp.373–5, 382–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/phase/phases0601.html">http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/phase/phases0601.html</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101008214455/http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/phase/phases0601.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-10-08">8 octombrie 2010</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accesat la 23 mai 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagarism">Hagarism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Muḥammad al-Khuḍarī Bayk (1935). Muḥāḍarāt tārīkh al-Umam al-Islāmiyya 2 (4th ed.). Al-maktaba al-tijāriyya. pp. 59–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%27far_ibn_Muhammad_Abu_Ma%27shar_al-Balkhi">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%27far_ibn_Muhammad_Abu_Ma%27shar_al-Balkhi</a> Journal Asiatique, series 5, xi (1858) 168+. (French) (Arabic)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://books.google.ro/books?id=kUpmAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#PPA73,M1">http://books.google.ro/books?id=kUpmAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#PPA73,M1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://books.google.ro/books?id=9JQ3AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">http://books.google.ro/books?id=9JQ3AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</a> E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, Accesat la 23 mai 2014.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar">„Calendarul islamic”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2014-05-23">23 mai 2014</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calendarul+islamic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIslamic_calendar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACalendarul+islamic" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/calendar/islamic.shtml">„Calendar islamic”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2014-05-23">23 mai 2014</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calendar+islamic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.nus.edu.sg%2Faslaksen%2Fcalendar%2Fislamic.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACalendarul+islamic" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.urducalendar.com/converter.php/">http://www.urducalendar.com/converter.php/</a> Convertor calendare</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.makkahcalendar.org/">http://www.makkahcalendar.org/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181231113207/http://makkahcalendar.org/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2018-12-31">31 decembrie 2018</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ro.truecalendar.com/islamic/1444">Calendarul islamic pentru anul 1444</a> (perioada gregoriană corespunzătoare: 30 iulie 2022 - 18 iulie 2023)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendarul_gregorian" title="Calendarul gregorian">Calendarul gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendarul_chinezesc" title="Calendarul chinezesc">Calendarul chinezesc</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&oldid=16569416">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calendarul_islamic&oldid=16569416</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Coran" title="Categorie:Coran">Coran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cultura_islamic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Cultura islamică">Cultura islamică</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Islam" title="Categorie:Islam">Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Istoria_islamului" title="Categorie:Istoria islamului">Istoria islamului</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie ascunsă: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Categorie:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 15 octombrie 2024, ora 23:36.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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