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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0;"/><title>Daniel 12 Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/commentaries/expositors/daniel/12.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/5001com.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="../spec.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 4800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 4800px)" href="/4801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1550px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1550px)" href="/1551.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1250px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1250px)" href="/1251.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1050px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1050px)" href="/1051.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 900px), only screen and (max-device-width: 900px)" href="/901.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 800px)" href="/801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 575px), only screen and (max-device-width: 575px)" href="/501.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-height: 450px), only screen and (max-device-height: 450px)" href="/h451.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him.">Daniel 11:45</a>, previous to the overthrow of the king. During the tribulation which precedes his overthrow, Michael (see <a href="/daniel/10-13.htm" title="But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me one and twenty days: but, see, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me; and I remained there with the kings of Persia.">Daniel 10:13</a>) comes to stand up in aid of the people.<p><span class= "bld">A time of trouble.—</span>This is the tribulation spoken of in Matt. in <a href="/context/matthew/24-21.htm" title="For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be.">Matthew 24:21-22</a>, which follows, as it does in the Book of Daniel, the wars, rumours of wars, and uprisings of sundry nations. (See <a href="/context/matthew/24-6.htm" title="And you shall hear of wars and rumors of wars: see that you be not troubled: for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet.">Matthew 24:6-7</a>.) It should be observed that the mere presence of Michael does not avert the times of trouble. He helps God’s people during the time of their trouble. On the mode in which the intensity of the tribulation is described, comp. <a href="/jeremiah/30-7.htm" title="Alas! for that day is great, so that none is like it: it is even the time of Jacob's trouble, but he shall be saved out of it.">Jeremiah 30:7</a>.<p><span class= "bld">Written in the book.—</span>Comp. <a href="/daniel/7-10.htm" title="A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousand thousands ministered to him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.">Daniel 7:10</a>; <a href="/philippians/4-3.htm" title="And I entreat you also, true yoke fellow, help those women which labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and with other my fellow laborers, whose names are in the book of life.">Philippians 4:3</a>; and see Note on <a href="/exodus/32-32.htm" title="Yet now, if you will forgive their sin--; and if not, blot me, I pray you, out of your book which you have written.">Exodus 32:32</a>.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-2.htm">Daniel 12:2</a></div><div class="verse">And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame <i>and</i> everlasting contempt.</div>(2) <span class= "bld">Many</span> . . . <span class= "bld">that sleep in the dust.—</span>Literally, <span class= "ital">Many sleepers in the land of dust.</span> The word “sleep” is applied to death (<a href="/jeremiah/51-39.htm" title="In their heat I will make their feasts, and I will make them drunken, that they may rejoice, and sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, said the LORD.">Jeremiah 51:39</a>; comp. <a href="/1_thessalonians/4-14.htm" title="For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him.">1Thessalonians 4:14</a>); while “dust” is used for the grave (<a href="/psalms/22-29.htm" title="All they that be fat on earth shall eat and worship: all they that go down to the dust shall bow before him: and none can keep alive his own soul.">Psalm 22:29</a>). Some difficulty is presented by the use of the word “many” where “all” would have been expected. Theodoret explains it from <a href="/romans/5-15.htm" title="But not as the offense, so also is the free gift. For if through the offense of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, has abounded to many.">Romans 5:15</a>, where he observes “many” stands for “all.” It is, however, more in accordance with the language to suppose that by the word “many” some contrast is implied, which is apparently between the <span class= "ital">many</span> who sleep in the dust and the comparatively small number of those who “are alive and remain.” (See <a href="/john/5-28.htm" title="Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice,">John 5:28</a>, &c.) It should be noted that this passage not only teaches the doctrine of a general resurrection, which had already been incidentally revealed by Daniel’s contemporary, Ezekiel (<a href="/context/ezekiel/37-1.htm" title="The hand of the LORD was on me, and carried me out in the spirit of the LORD, and set me down in the middle of the valley which was full of bones,">Ezekiel 37:1-4</a>), but also the facts of eternal life, and a resurrection of the unjust as well as of the just.<p><span class= "bld">Shame and everlasting contempt.—</span>The latter word occurs only in this passage and <a href="/isaiah/66-24.htm" title="And they shall go forth, and look on the carcasses of the men that have transgressed against me: for their worm shall not die, neither shall their fire be quenched; and they shall be an abhorring to all flesh.">Isaiah 66:24</a>, where see the Note. For the use of the word “shame,” comp. <a href="/jeremiah/23-40.htm" title="And I will bring an everlasting reproach on you, and a perpetual shame, which shall not be forgotten.">Jeremiah 23:40</a>.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-3.htm">Daniel 12:3</a></div><div class="verse">And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever.</div>(3) <span class= "bld">They that be wise.—</span>Comp. <a href="/matthew/13-43.htm" title="Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Who has ears to hear, let him hear.">Matthew 13:43</a>, Notes. “The wise” are the same as “those that understand” who were spoken of in <a href="/daniel/11-33.htm" title="And they that understand among the people shall instruct many: yet they shall fall by the sword, and by flame, by captivity, and by spoil, many days.">Daniel 11:33</a>, meaning those who by their own righteousness—that is, by their faithfulness to their covenant with God—had set a bright example to the others, as in <a href="/daniel/11-35.htm" title="And some of them of understanding shall fall, to try them, and to purge, and to make them white, even to the time of the end: because it is yet for a time appointed.">Daniel 11:35</a>. Such is the consolation held out for the support of those who shall witness the tribulation of the last days. (See Notes on Matthew 24 and the parallel passages.)<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-4.htm">Daniel 12:4</a></div><div class="verse">But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, <i>even</i> to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.</div>(4) <span class= "bld">Shut up the words.—</span>The revelation, which commenced in <a href="/daniel/10-20.htm" title="Then said he, Know you why I come to you? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia: and when I am gone forth, see, the prince of Grecia shall come.">Daniel 10:20</a>, now draws towards a close, and the prophet receives a further revelation respecting the time of the end. The revelation continues to be called by the same name, “the words,” as in <a href="/daniel/10-1.htm" title="In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a thing was revealed to Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the thing was true, but the time appointed was long: and he understood the thing, and had understanding of the vision.">Daniel 10:1</a>; and now the prophet is told that the book in which this revelation is written must be placed in a safe and sure place, for the need of it will be felt in “the time of the end,” that is, in the time when the fulfilment makes the meaning of the prophecy clear and unambiguous.<p><span class= "bld">Many shall run to and fro.—</span>The verb “to run” is used in <a href="/jeremiah/5-1.htm" title="Run you to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if you can find a man, if there be any that executes judgment, that seeks the truth; and I will pardon it.">Jeremiah 5:1</a> of searching after knowledge. In this sense it is used of “the eyes of the Lord” (<a href="/zechariah/4-10.htm" title="For who has despised the day of small things? for they shall rejoice, and shall see the plummet in the hand of Zerubbabel with those seven; they are the eyes of the LORD, which run to and fro through the whole earth.">Zechariah 4:10</a>; comp. <a href="/amos/8-12.htm" title="And they shall wander from sea to sea, and from the north even to the east, they shall run to and fro to seek the word of the LORD, and shall not find it.">Amos 8:12</a>). In the same sense it is used in this verse. Many will anxiously search in this book for knowledge of the manner of God’s dealings with His people, and will derive comfort and understanding therefrom.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-5.htm">Daniel 12:5</a></div><div class="verse">Then I Daniel looked, and, behold, there stood other two, the one on this side of the bank of the river, and the other on that side of the bank of the river.</div>(5) <span class= "bld">Other two.</span>—Two heavenly beings are now seen by the prophet. As the absence of the article shows he had not seen them before, St. Jerome supposes them to be the angels of Persia and Greece, but of course it is impossible to identify them.<p><span class= "bld">The river</span>—<span class= "ital">i.e.,</span> the Hiddekel, as in <a href="/daniel/10-4.htm" title="And in the four and twentieth day of the first month, as I was by the side of the great river, which is Hiddekel;">Daniel 10:4</a>, though a different word for “river” is used, which is generally employed to designate the Nile. For the reason of the choice of this word, see the next Note.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-6.htm">Daniel 12:6</a></div><div class="verse">And <i>one</i> said to the man clothed in linen, which <i>was</i> upon the waters of the river, How long <i>shall it be to</i> the end of these wonders?</div>(6) <span class= "bld">And one said.—</span>The speaker is evidently one of the persons just mentioned, but the LXX. and St. Jerome suppose Daniel to address the man clothed in white linen, who is obviously the same person who has already spoken (<a href="/daniel/10-5.htm" title="Then I lifted up my eyes, and looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins were girded with fine gold of Uphaz:">Daniel 10:5</a>, &c.). The position which he occupies is striking. He appears <span class= "ital">“upon”</span> or (see margin) from above, <span class= "ital">i.e.,</span> hovering over the waters of the Tigris. If, as is frequently the case in the symbolical language of Scripture (see <a href="/context/isaiah/8-6.htm" title="For as much as this people refuses the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah's son;">Isaiah 8:6-7</a>, <a href="/psalms/93-4.htm" title="The LORD on high is mightier than the noise of many waters, yes, than the mighty waves of the sea.">Psalm 93:4</a>), waters or streams are the emblems of nationalities, the Hiddekel will represent the Persian Empire, in the third year of which Daniel had this vision, and the position of the person implies his power to protect his people from all the assaults of the Persians. But at the same time, the remarkable word used for “river” recalls the Nile, and seems to be employed for the purpose of assuring the readers of the book that “He who smote the waters of the Nile” will restrain all earthly powers which war against His people.<p><span class= "bld">How long</span> . . . <span class= "bld">end.</span>—The end is that which has been frequently spoken of (<a href="/daniel/11-40.htm" title="And at the time of the end shall the king of the south push at him: and the king of the north shall come against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, and with horsemen, and with many ships; and he shall enter into the countries, and shall overflow and pass over.">Daniel 11:40</a> to <a href="/daniel/12-3.htm" title="And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever.">Daniel 12:3</a>). The question asks, “How long will the end of these wonders continue? The end always appears to be at hand, yet it never comes. How long will this continue?”<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-7.htm">Daniel 12:7</a></div><div class="verse">And I heard the man clothed in linen, which <i>was</i> upon the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand unto heaven, and sware by him that liveth for ever that <i>it shall be</i> for a time, times, and an half; and when he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people, all these <i>things</i> shall be finished.</div>(7) <span class= "bld">Held up his right hand</span> . . .—In general, a person when swearing lifted up the right hand only (see <a href="/genesis/14-22.htm" title="And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up my hand to the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth,">Genesis 14:22</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/32-40.htm" title="For I lift up my hand to heaven, and say, I live for ever.">Deuteronomy 32:40</a>). Both hands are represented here as being raised up, so as to give greater importance to the words. (See Note on <a href="/revelation/10-5.htm" title="And the angel which I saw stand on the sea and on the earth lifted up his hand to heaven,">Revelation 10:5</a>, and comp. <a href="/daniel/4-34.htm" title="And at the end of the days I Nebuchadnezzar lifted up my eyes to heaven, and my understanding returned to me, and I blessed the most High, and I praised and honored him that lives for ever, whose dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom is from generation to generation:">Daniel 4:34</a>.)<p><span class= "bld">A time, times</span> . . .—See Note on <a href="/daniel/7-25.htm" title="And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.">Daniel 7:25</a>; and observe that any reference to the period of the persecution under Antiochus is impossible, on account of the difference between the measures of time. (See <a href="/daniel/7-14.htm" title="And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.">Daniel 7:14</a>.)<p><span class= "bld">To scatter.</span>—The ancient versions (not the LXX., however) appear to have understood this to mean the dispersion of Israel (see <a href="/deuteronomy/7-6.htm" title="For you are an holy people to the LORD your God: the LORD your God has chosen you to be a special people to himself, above all people that are on the face of the earth.">Deuteronomy 7:6</a>), and seem to have connected the “<span class= "ital">end,”</span> of which Daniel speaks, with the cessation of the dispersion of Israel, or, in other words, to have regarded it as a prediction of the re-gathering of Israel, which would immediately precede the coming of Elias. (See the remarks of Theodoret on the passage.) But by the “holy people” are meant, more probably, those who shall suffer in the last days (comp. <a href="/daniel/7-25.htm" title="And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.">Daniel 7:25</a>, “the saints”), and the word “scatter” means to break in pieces, as <a href="/psalms/2-9.htm" title="You shall break them with a rod of iron; you shall dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.">Psalm 2:9</a>, &c. So that the words imply that the end will not come till “the shattering of the power of the saints” has been accomplished, or till persecution appears to have stamped out all that remains of godliness. This makes the prophecy accord with <a href="/daniel/7-25.htm" title="And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.">Daniel 7:25</a> and the parallel passages in the New Testament.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-8.htm">Daniel 12:8</a></div><div class="verse">And I heard, but I understood not: then said I, O my Lord, what <i>shall be</i> the end of these <i>things</i>?</div>(8) <span class= "bld">I understood not.—</span>He did not understand the answer given in <a href="/daniel/12-7.htm" title="And I heard the man clothed in linen, which was on the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand to heaven, and swore by him that lives for ever that it shall be for a time, times, and an half; and when he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people, all these things shall be finished.">Daniel 12:7</a>. The question did not seem to have had any reply. It had been asked how long the end should continue, and the answer had been only the obscure words, “time, times, and an half.”<p><span class= "bld">What shall be the</span> end?—Daniel refers to the “wonderful things” mentioned in <a href="/daniel/12-6.htm" title="And one said to the man clothed in linen, which was on the waters of the river, How long shall it be to the end of these wonders?">Daniel 12:6</a>, and using a different word for “end,” asks which of these wonders is to be the last—<span class= "ital">i.e.,</span> which of them is to come immediately before the end of all things.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-9.htm">Daniel 12:9</a></div><div class="verse">And he said, Go thy way, Daniel: for the words <i>are</i> closed up and sealed till the time of the end.</div>(9) <span class= "bld">Go thy way.—</span>That is, be at peace. Observe that the matter is not explained to Daniel any further. He is assured that the end will most certainly come. Compare another gentle rebuke that was addressed to one who wished to see further than was fitting into the future (<a href="/context/john/21-21.htm" title="Peter seeing him said to Jesus, Lord, and what shall this man do?">John 21:21-22</a>).<p><span class= "bld">Closed up and sealed.—</span>To be explained as in <a href="/daniel/12-4.htm" title="But you, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.">Daniel 12:4</a>. The book is to be carefully preserved till the end of time.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-10.htm">Daniel 12:10</a></div><div class="verse">Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly: and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall understand.</div>(10) <span class= "bld">Many shall be purified.—</span>See Notes on <a href="/revelation/22-11.htm" title="He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still.">Revelation 22:11</a>, and comp. <a href="/daniel/11-35.htm" title="And some of them of understanding shall fall, to try them, and to purge, and to make them white, even to the time of the end: because it is yet for a time appointed.">Daniel 11:35</a>. The words imply that all shall be fulfilled, the time of persecution shall certainly arise, the righteous will be purified, while the wicked will become apostates. The wise (see <a href="/daniel/11-33.htm" title="And they that understand among the people shall instruct many: yet they shall fall by the sword, and by flame, by captivity, and by spoil, many days.">Daniel 11:33</a>), and they only, will understand the true meaning and profit of tribulation as it is set forth in this prophecy.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-11.htm">Daniel 12:11</a></div><div class="verse">And from the time <i>that</i> the daily <i>sacrifice</i> shall be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set up, <i>there shall be</i> a thousand two hundred and ninety days.</div>(11) <span class= "bld">From the time.</span>—It appears as if at this verse the prophecy recurs to the more immediate future, and that these words point to the same subject as <a href="/daniel/11-31.htm" title="And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily sacrifice, and they shall place the abomination that makes desolate.">Daniel 11:31</a>. The language used respecting the “abomination” is almost verbally the same as that in <a href="/daniel/8-3.htm" title="Then I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last.">Daniel 8:3</a>; <a href="/daniel/8-11.htm" title="Yes, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of the sanctuary was cast down.">Daniel 8:11</a>; <a href="/daniel/9-27.htm" title="And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the middle of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured on the desolate.">Daniel 9:27</a>, and prevents us from arriving at any other conclusion. The great and apparently insoluble difficulty is the relation which the 1,290 or the 1,335 days occupy with regard to the 2,300 days, or the time, times, and the dividing of a time. Assuming that these four periods all commence at the same epoch (see Note on <a href="/daniel/8-14.htm" title="And he said to me, To two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.">Daniel 8:14</a>), the death of Antiochus closes the 1,290 days, and the 1,335 days point to some event which occurred forty-five days, or a month and a half, later. The principal objection to this view is that the exact date of the death of Antiochus is uncertain, and therefore all calculations based upon the precise day of his death must be untrustworthy. It is obvious that neither of the two periods mentioned in this and the following verse can be made to agree with three years and a half without setting the rules of arithmetic at defiance. Also the obscurity which rests over the greater portion of the history of Israel should guard us against assuming that we can explain all the contents of the last three chapters by means of what occurred in those times, and also against assuming our historical facts from Daniel, and then making use of them to illustrate his prophecies.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-12.htm">Daniel 12:12</a></div><div class="verse">Blessed <i>is</i> he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days.</div>(12) <span class= "bld">Blessed is he.—</span>Last words to Daniel. He shall rest in the grave, and stand up in his own lot at the end of the days.<p> <div class="versenum"><a href="/daniel/12-13.htm">Daniel 12:13</a></div><div class="verse">But go thou thy way till the end <i>be</i>: for thou shalt rest, and stand in thy lot at the end of the days.</div>(13) <span class= "bld">In thy lot.</span>—The reference is to the partition of Palestine by lot in the times of Joshua. Even so shall one greater than Joshua divide the heavenly Canaan among His saints who follow Daniel in faith, firmness, and consistency. (See <a href="/colossians/1-12.htm" title=" Giving thanks to the Father, which has made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light:">Colossians 1:12</a>.)<p><div id="botbox"><div class="padbot"><div align="center">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers<br /><br />Text Courtesy of <a href="//biblesupport.com" target="_top">BibleSupport.com</a>. 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