CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="kn" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://kn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ - ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )knwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9","೦\t೧\t೨\t೩\t೪\t೫\t೬\t೭\t೮\t೯"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ಜನವರಿ","ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ","ಮಾರ್ಚ್","ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್","ಮೇ","ಜೂನ್","ಜುಲೈ","ಆಗಸ್ಟ್","ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್","ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್","ನವೆಂಬರ್","ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್"],"wgRequestId":"fa26f665-1273-4189-9471-8751d559d81a", "wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ","wgTitle":"ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ","wgCurRevisionId":1295603,"wgRevisionId":1295603,"wgArticleId":25775,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"kn","wgPageContentLanguage":"kn","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ","wgRelevantArticleId":25775,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"kn","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"kn"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict" :false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym": "বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr" },{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym": "गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr" },{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"knc","autonym":"Yerwa Kanuri","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc", "autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai", "autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym": "閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap", "autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"တႆး","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"syl","autonym":"ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tig","autonym":"ትግሬ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym": "удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" ,"dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","knc","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg", "mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","syl","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tig","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q181394","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":[ "brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":false,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":false},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0],"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.3"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.minerva.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.Link_Edit","ext.gadget.ProveIt","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.shortUrl","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=kn&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=kn&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="837"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="558"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png/640px-Nutrient-cycle_hg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="446"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ - ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ (kn)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//kn.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.kn"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://kn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://kn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ rootpage-ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://kn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="kn" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B3%258C%25E0%25B2%25B7%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಮುಖ್ಯಪುಟ</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:Random?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಹೀಗೇ ಒಂದು ಪುಟ</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಹತ್ತಿರದ</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor mw-list-item menu__item--login" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಲಾಗ್ ಇನ್</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:MobileOptions&returnto=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಗಳು</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source%3Ddonate%26wmf_medium%3Dsidebar%26wmf_campaign%3Dkn.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Dkn%26wmf_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ದೇಣಿಗೆ</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">ಹಕ್ಕು ನಿರಾಕರಣೆಗಳು</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-kn.svg" alt="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ" width="122" height="40" style="width: 7.625em; height: 2.5em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="ವಿಶೇಷ:Search"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಅನ್ನು ಹುಡುಕಿ" aria-label="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಅನ್ನು ಹುಡುಕಿ" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಅನ್ನು ಹುಡುಕಿ [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>ಹುಡುಕು</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"> <div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div> <script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eಮರೆಮಾಡಲು\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"kn\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable style=\"background-color: #FFFFC2; color: #333; width: 100%; border: 2px solid #FFF; padding: 5px;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"\u003Eಬರೆಯುವಾಗ ಕೀಲಿಮಣೆ ಐಕಾನ್ ಒತ್ತಿ ಕನ್ನಡ ಆಯ್ದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದರ ಅಥವಾ Ctrl+M ಒತ್ತುವುದರ ಮೂಲಕ ಈಗ ನೇರವಾಗಿ ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರೆಯಬಹುದು! ವಿವರಗಳಿಗೆ \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0\" title=\"ಸಹಾಯ:ಲಿಪ್ಯಂತರ\"\u003Eಈ ಪುಟ ನೋಡಿ.\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script> </div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> ಜೀವಸತ್ವ </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="ಭಾಷೆ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>ಭಾಷೆ</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>ವೀಕ್ಷಿಸಿ</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="kn" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257802">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> ಈ ಲೇಖನದಲ್ಲಿ<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Verifiability">ಪರಿಶೀಲನೆ</a>ಗಾಗಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿದೆ.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1" class="extiw" title="en:Help:Introduction to referencing/1">ನಂಬಲಾರ್ಹ ಮೂಲಗಳ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸುವ</a> ಮೂಲಕ <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B3%258C%25E0%25B2%25B7%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%26action%3Dedit">ಈ ಲೇಖನವನ್ನು ಸುಧಾರಿಸಲು</a> ಸಹಾಯ ಮಾಡಿ. ಆಕರಗಳಿಲ್ಲದ ಭಾಗಗಳನ್ನು ಆಕ್ಷೇಪಿಸಿ ಅಳಿಸಬಹುದಾಗಿದೆ.</b></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2007</span>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ</b> ವೆಂಬುದು ಒಂದು ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕವಾಗಿದ್ದು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಾವಯವ">ಜೀವಿ</a>ಯ ಜೀವಿತಕ್ಕೆ ಹಾಗು ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆಗೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ ಅಥವಾ ಒಂದು ಜೀವಿಯ ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ ಬಳಕೆಯಾಗುವ, ಅದರ ಪರಿಸರದಿಂದ ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳಲಾದ ಪದಾರ್ಥವಾಗಿದೆ.<sup id="cite_ref-WhitneyRolfes2005_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WhitneyRolfes2005-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>೧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳೆಂಬುದು ದೇಹವನ್ನು ಪುಷ್ಟಿಗೊಳಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳಾಗಿವೆ. ಇವುಗಳು ಜೀವಕೋಶಗಳನ್ನು ರೂಪಿಸುತ್ತವೆ ಹಾಗು ಸರಿಪಡಿಸುತ್ತವೆ, ಶಾಖ ಹಾಗು ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ನೀಡುತ್ತವೆ, ಹಾಗು ದೇಹದ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಯಂತ್ರಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕವನ್ನು ಒಳತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವ ವಿಧಾನಗಳು ಭಿನ್ನವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ, ಪ್ರಾಣಿಗಳು ಹಾಗು ಪ್ರೋಟಿಸ್ಟ್(ಪ್ರಟಿಸ್ಟ ಜೀವಿರಾಜ್ಯದ ಯಾವುದೇ ಏಕಕೋಶ ಜೀವಿ)ಗಳು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಪಚನ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯಿಂದ ಜೀರ್ಣವಾಗುವ ಆಹಾರಗಳನ್ನು ಸೇವಿಸುತ್ತವೆ, ಆದರೆ ಹಲವು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಸ್ಯ">ಸಸ್ಯ</a>ಗಳು ಮಣ್ಣಿನಿಂದ ನೇರವಾಗಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಬೇರುಗಳ ಮೂಲಕ ಅಥವಾ ವಾತಾವರಣದ ಮೂಲಕ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳನ್ನು ಸೇವಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಅಪವಾದವೆಂದರೆ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಮಾಂಸಾಹಾರಿ ಸಸ್ಯ">ಮಾಂಸಾಹಾರಿ ಸಸ್ಯ</a>ಗಳು, ಇವುಗಳು ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕವನ್ನು ಸೇವಿಸುವ ಮುಂಚೆ ಪ್ರಾಣಿಗಳಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕವನ್ನು ಬಾಹ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಜೀರ್ಣಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತವೆ. ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳ ಪರಿಣಾಮವು ಪ್ರಮಾಣ-ಅವಲಂಬಿತವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0:Nutrient-cycle_hg.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png/220px-Nutrient-cycle_hg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png/330px-Nutrient-cycle_hg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png/440px-Nutrient-cycle_hg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="558"></a> <figcaption> ಸಾಗರಗಳಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ ಚಕ್ರ </figcaption> </figure> <p>ಜೈವಿಕ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು, ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು(ಅಥವಾ ಅವುಗಳು ನಿರ್ಮಿಸುವ ವ್ಯೂಹಗಳು, ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳು), ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಜೀವಸತ್ವಗಳು">ವಿಟಮಿನ್</a> ಗಳು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿವೆ. ಅಜೈವಿಕ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳಾದ ಆಹಾರ ಖನಿಜಗಳು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a>ವನ್ನೂ ಸಹ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳೆಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಬಹುದು.<sup title="The text in the vicinity of this tag needs citation." class="noprint">[<a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಉಲ್ಲೇಖನ"><i>ಸಾಕ್ಷ್ಯಾಧಾರ ಬೇಕಾಗಿದೆ</i></a>]</sup> ಸಾಕಷ್ಟು ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಜೀವಿಯಿಂದ ಸಂಯೋಜಿತವಾಗದಿದ್ದರೆ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕವು ಒಂದು ಜೀವಿಗೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಇದನ್ನು ಒಂದು ಬಾಹ್ಯ ಮೂಲದಿಂದ ಪಡೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ದೊಡ್ಡ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿರುವ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳನ್ನು <b>ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್</b> ಗಳೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ; <b>ಮೈಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ಗಳು</b> ಕೇವಲ ಸಣ್ಣ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿರುತ್ತದೆ.</p> <p>ಮಾನವನ ಪೋಷಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳ ಪಾತ್ರದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗಾಗಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕರ ಆಹಾರಕ್ರಮವನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="kn" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">ಪರಿವಿಡಿ</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81"><span class="tocnumber">೧</span> <span class="toctext">ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕದ ಮಾದರಿಗಳು</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81"><span class="tocnumber">೧.೧</span> <span class="toctext">ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81"><span class="tocnumber">೧.೨</span> <span class="toctext">ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ ಸಹಕರಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81"><span class="tocnumber">೨</span> <span class="toctext">ಅಗತ್ಯ ಹಾಗು ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81"><span class="tocnumber">೩</span> <span class="toctext">ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF"><span class="tocnumber">೪</span> <span class="toctext">ಇವನ್ನೂ ಗಮನಿಸಿ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕದ_ಮಾದರಿಗಳು"><span id=".E0.B2.AA.E0.B3.8C.E0.B2.B7.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.9F.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.95.E0.B2.A6_.E0.B2.AE.E0.B2.BE.E0.B2.A6.E0.B2.B0.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.B3.E0.B3.81"></span>ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕದ ಮಾದರಿಗಳು</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕದ ಮಾದರಿಗಳು" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259365">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nutrition&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Nutrition (ಪುಟವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ)">Nutrition</a> </div> <p><b>ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್</b> ಗಳನ್ನು ಹಲವಾರು ವಿವಿಧ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅರ್ಥನಿರೂಪಣೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.</p> <ul> <li>ಮಾನವರು ಸೇವಿಸುವ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಮೂಲಧಾತು">ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಂಶ</a>ಗಳೆಂದರೆ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಇಂಗಾಲ">ಕಾರ್ಬನ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಜಲಜನಕ">ಹೈಡ್ರೋಜನ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಾರಜನಕ">ನೈಟ್ರೋಜನ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ರಂಜಕ">ಫಾಸ್ಫಾರಸ್</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಗಂಧಕ">ಸಲ್ಫರ್</a>.</li> <li>ಮಾನವರು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇವಿಸುವ ಹಾಗು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ನೀಡುವ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳ ವರ್ಗಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು, ಹಾಗು ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು. <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a> ಹಾಗು ವಾತವರಣದಲ್ಲಿ ದೊರೆಯುವ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a>ವನ್ನೂ ಸಹ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇವಿಸಬೇಕು, ಆದರೆ ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ "ಆಹಾರ" ಅಥವಾ "ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳೆಂದು" ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.</li> <li><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಕ್ಯಾಲ್ಶಿಯಮ್">ಕ್ಯಾಲ್ಷಿಯಂ</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81_(%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಉಪ್ಪು (ಖಾದ್ಯ)">ಲವಣ</a>, (<a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸೋಡಿಯಮ್">ಸೋಡಿಯಂ</a> ಹಾಗು ಕ್ಲೋರೈಡ್), <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ಮ್ಯಗ್ನೀಶಿಯಮ್">ಮೆಗ್ನಿಶಿಯಂ</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಶಿಯಮ್">ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಷಿಯಂ</a>(ಫಾಸ್ಫರಸ್ ಹಾಗು ಸಲ್ಫರ್ ನೊಂದಿಗೆ) ಅನ್ನು ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇರಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ, ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಇತರ ವಿಟಮಿನ್ ಗಳು ಹಾಗು ಖನಿಜಗಳಿಗೆ ಹೋಲಿಸಿದರೆ ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಅಧಿಕ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇವಿಸಬೇಕು. ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋಮಿನರಲ್ಸ್ ಎಂದು ಸೂಚಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.</li> </ul> <p>ಉಳಿದ ವಿಟಮಿನ್ ಗಳು, ಖನಿಜಗಳು, ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ಅಂಶಗಳನ್ನು, <b>ಮೈಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್</b> ಗಳೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ತುಲನಾತ್ಮಕವಾಗಿ ಇವುಗಳು ಕಡಿಮೆ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು_ಒದಗಿಸುವ_ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು"><span id=".E0.B2.B6.E0.B2.95.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.A4.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.AF.E0.B2.A8.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.A8.E0.B3.81_.E0.B2.92.E0.B2.A6.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.B8.E0.B3.81.E0.B2.B5_.E0.B2.AA.E0.B2.A6.E0.B2.BE.E0.B2.B0.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.A5.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.B3.E0.B3.81"></span>ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಕ್ಕರೆ">ಸಕ್ಕರೆ</a>ಯಿಂದ ತಯಾರಾದ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳಾಗಿವೆ. ಅವುಗಳಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಸಿಹಿ ಅಂಶಗಳನ್ನು ಆಧರಿಸಿ ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳನ್ನು ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ: ಮೋನೋಸ್ಯಾಕರೈಡ್ ಗಳು (ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ ಗ್ಲುಕೋಸ್ ಹಾಗು ಫ್ರುಕ್ಟೋಸ್), ಡಿಸ್ಯಾಕರೈಡ್ ಗಳು (ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ ಸುಕ್ರೋಸ್ ಹಾಗು ಲ್ಯಾಕ್ಟೋಸ್), ಆಲಿಗೋಸ್ಯಾಕರೈಡ್ ಗಳು, ಹಾಗು ಪಾಲಿಸ್ಯಾಕರೈಡ್ ಗಳು(ಉದಾರಹಣೆಗೆ ಪಿಷ್ಟ, ಗ್ಲೈಕೋಜನ್, ಹಾಗು ಸೆಲ್ಯುಲೋಸ್).</li> <li><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು ಜೈವಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳಾಗಿವೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ಪೆಪ್ಟೈಡ್ ಬಂಧಗಳಿಂದ ಒಂದುಗೂಡಿದ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿರುತ್ತವೆ. ದೇಹವು ಕೆಲವು ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ(ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಅಗತ್ಯ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳೆಂದು ಹೆಸರಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ); ಆಹಾರವು ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂರೈಕೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು. ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ, ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್ ಗಳು ಪ್ರೋಟಿಯೇಸ್ ಗಳಿಂದ ಪಚನವಾಗುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಬೇರ್ಪಟ್ಟು ಮತ್ತೆ ಮುಕ್ತವಾದ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳಾಗ* <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು ಜೈವಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳಾಗಿವೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ಪೆಪ್ಟೈಡ್ ಬಂಧಗಳಿಂದ ಒಂದುಗೂಡಿದ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿರುತ್ತವೆ. ದೇಹವು ಕೆಲವು ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ(ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಅಗತ್ಯ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳೆಂದು ಹೆಸರಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ); ಆಹಾರವು ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂರೈಕೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು. ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ, ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್ ಗಳು ಪ್ರೋಟಿಯೇಸ್ ಗಳಿಂದ ಪಚನವಾಗುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಬೇರ್ಪಟ್ಟು ಮತ್ತೆ ಮುಕ್ತವಾದ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳಾಗುತ್ತವೆ.</li> <li>ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು ಮೂರು ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿಕೊಂಡು ಗ್ಲಿಸರಿನ್ ಅಣುವನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿರುತ್ತವೆ. ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು ಕವಲೊಡೆಯದ ಹೈಡ್ರೋಕಾರ್ಬನ್ ಸರಪಣಿಗಳಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ಏಕವಾದ ಬಂಧಕಗಳಿಂದ (ಸಂಪೂರಿತವಾದ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು) ಅಥವಾ ಎರಡು ಹಾಗು ಒಂದು ಬಂಧಕಗಳಿಂದ ಸಂಯೋಜಿತವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ (ಸಂಪೂರಿತವಾಗದ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು). ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು, ಕೋಶದ ಒಳಪೊರೆಯು ಸರಿಯಾದ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಲು ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ದೇಹದ ಅಂಗಾಂಗಗಳು ಆಘಾತಕ್ಕೆ ವಿರೋಧವಾಗಿ ವಿಯೋಜಿಸಲು, ದೇಹದ ತಾಪಮಾನವನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿ ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು, ಹಾಗು ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕರ ಚರ್ಮ ಹಾಗು ಕೂದಲನ್ನು ಪೋಷಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ದೇಹವು ಕೆಲವು ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ(ಇದನ್ನು ಅಗತ್ಯ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ) ಹಾಗು ಆಹಾರವು ಇವುಗಳ ಪೂರೈಕೆ * ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು ಮೂರು ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿಕೊಂಡು ಗ್ಲಿಸರಿನ್ ಅಣುವನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿರುತ್ತವೆ. ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು ಕವಲೊಡೆಯದ ಹೈಡ್ರೋಕಾರ್ಬನ್ ಸರಪಣಿಗಳಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ಏಕವಾದ ಬಂಧಕಗಳಿಂದ (ಸಂಪೂರಿತವಾದ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು) ಅಥವಾ ಎರಡು ಹಾಗು ಒಂದು ಬಂಧಕಗಳಿಂದ ಸಂಯೋಜಿತವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ (ಸಂಪೂರಿತವಾಗದ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು). ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು, ಕೋಶದ ಒಳಪೊರೆಯು ಸರಿಯಾದ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಲು ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ, ಇವುಗಳು ದೇಹದ ಅಂಗಾಂಗಗಳು ಆಘಾತಕ್ಕೆ ವಿರೋಧವಾಗಿ ವಿಯೋಜಿಸಲು, ದೇಹದ ತಾಪಮಾನವನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿ ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು, ಹಾಗು ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕರ ಚರ್ಮ ಹಾಗು ಕೂದಲನ್ನು ಪೋಷಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ದೇಹವು ಕೆಲವು ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ(ಇದನ್ನು ಅಗತ್ಯ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ) ಹಾಗು ಆಹಾರವು ಇವುಗಳ ಪೂರೈಕೆ ಮಾಡಬೇಕು.</li> </ul> <p>ಕೊಬ್ಬು 9 kcal/g (~37.7 kJ/g)ನಷ್ಟು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಶಕ್ತಿ">ಶಕ್ತಿ</a>ಯ ಅಂಶವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದೆ; <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು ಹಾಗು ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು 4 kcal/g (~16.7 kJ/g). ಎಥನೋಲ್(ಗ್ರೈನ್ ಆಲ್ಕೋಹಾಲ್) 7 kcal/g (~29.3 kJ/g)ನಷ್ಟು ಶಕ್ತಿಯ ಅಂಶವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತದೆ.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>೨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ_ಸಹಕರಿಸುವ_ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು"><span id=".E0.B2.89.E0.B2.AA.E0.B2.BE.E0.B2.AA.E0.B2.9A.E0.B2.AF.E0.B2.95.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.95.E0.B3.86_.E0.B2.B8.E0.B2.B9.E0.B2.95.E0.B2.B0.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.B8.E0.B3.81.E0.B2.B5_.E0.B2.AA.E0.B2.A6.E0.B2.BE.E0.B2.B0.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.A5.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.B3.E0.B3.81"></span>ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ ಸಹಕರಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ ಸಹಕರಿಸುವ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> </ul> <p>ಆಹಾರದಲ್ಲಿನ ಖನಿಜಗಳು ಸಾಧಾರಣವಾಗಿ ಸಿದ್ಧಪಡಿಸಿದ ಅಂಶಗಳು, ಲವಣಗಳು, ಅಥವಾ ಅಯಾನುಗಳಾಗಿವೆ ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ ತಾಮ್ರ ಹಾಗು ಕಬ್ಬಿಣ. ಈ ಖನಿಜಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ಮಾನವ ಉಪಾಪಚಯಕ್ಕೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಜೀವಸತ್ವಗಳು">ವಿಟಮಿನ್</a> ಗಳು ದೇಹಕ್ಕೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾದ ಜೈವಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳಾಗಿವೆ. ಇವುಗಳು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ದೇಹದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ವಿವಿಧ ಪ್ರೋಟೀನುಗಳ ಸಹಕಿಣ್ವಗಳಾಗಿ ಅಥವಾ ಸಹಅಂಶಗಳಾಗಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುತ್ತವೆ.</li> <li><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a> ಅಗತ್ಯವಾದ ಒಂದು ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕವಾಗಿದೆ ಜೊತೆಗೆ ವಿಲೇಯಕವಾದ ಇದರಿಂದ ದೇಹದ ಎಲ್ಲ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗಳು ನಡೆಯುತ್ತವೆ.</li> </ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259365"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main articles: <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Plant_nutrition&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Plant nutrition (ಪುಟವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ)">Plant nutrition</a> and <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fertilizer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fertilizer (ಪುಟವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ)">Fertilizer</a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0:Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg/400px-Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="735"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 300px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg/400px-Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg" data-width="400" data-height="300" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg/600px-Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg/800px-Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> ಸಮುದ್ರ ತೀರದುದ್ದಕ್ಕೂ ಕಂಡುಬರುವ ಹಸಿರು ಪಾಚಿಯ(ಎಂಟರೋಮಾರ್ಫಾ) ಪಟ್ಟೆಯು, ಸಮೀಪದಲ್ಲೇ ಇರಬಹುದಾದ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳ ಆಧಾರವನ್ನು ಸೂಚಿಸುತ್ತದೆ(ಬಹುಶಃ ಒಂದು ಸಣ್ಣ ನದಿಮುಖದಿಂದ ಸಿಗಬಹುದಾದ ನೈಟ್ರೇಟ್ ಅಥವಾ ಅಮೋನಿಯ). </figcaption> </figure> <p>ಸಸ್ಯಗಳು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಅಗಾಧ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಸೇವಿಸುವ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಂಶಗಳೆಂದರೆ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಇಂಗಾಲ">ಕಾರ್ಬನ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಜಲಜನಕ">ಹೈಡ್ರೋಜನ್</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a>. ಇವುಗಳು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a> ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಇಂಗಾಲದ ಡೈಆಕ್ಸೈಡ್">ಇಂಗಾಲದ ಡೈ ಆಕ್ಸೈಡ್</a> ರೂಪದಲ್ಲಿ ಪರಿಸರದಲ್ಲಿ ಇರುತ್ತದೆ; ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಸೂರ್ಯನಕಿರಣವು ಒದಗಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಾರಜನಕ">ನೈಟ್ರೋಜನ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ರಂಜಕ">ಫಾಸ್ಫರಸ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಶಿಯಮ್">ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಷಿಯಂ</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಗಂಧಕ">ಸಲ್ಫರ್</a> ಗಳೂ ಸಹ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ಒಟ್ಟಾರೆಯಾಗಿ, ಇವುಗಳು ಸಸ್ಯಗಳಿಗೆ ಅತ್ಯಗತ್ಯವಾದ <b>ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್</b> ಗಳಾಗಿವೆ, ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಮೊದಲಕ್ಷರ CHNOPSನಿಂದ ಸೂಚಿತವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಅಜೈವಿಕ (ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಇಂಗಾಲದ ಡೈಆಕ್ಸೈಡ್">ಇಂಗಾಲದ ಡೈ ಆಕ್ಸೈಡ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a>, ನೈಟ್ರೇಟ್, ಫಾಸ್ಫೇಟ್, ಸಲ್ಫೇಟ್ ಅಥವಾ ಜೈವಿಕ ಮೂಲಗಳಿಂದ ಉತ್ಪತ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತವೆ (ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು, ಮೆದಸ್ಸುಗಳು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್</a> ಗಳು ಸಂಯುಕ್ತಗಳು), ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ ಅತ್ಯಗತ್ಯವಾದ ನೈಟ್ರೋಜನ್ ಹಾಗು (ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ) ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕದ ಡೈಅಟಾಮಿಕ್(ಅಣುವಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಎರಡು ಪರಮಾಣುಗಳಿರುವ) ಅಣುಗಳನ್ನು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಬಳಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.</p> <p>ಇತರ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಂಶಗಳೂ ಸಹ ವಿವಿಧ ದೇಹ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಹಾಗು ನಿರ್ಮಾಣ ವಿನ್ಯಾಸಗಳಿಗೆ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ; ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗಾಗಿ ಗೊಬ್ಬರ ಹಾಗು ಮೈಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ವಿಭಾಗವನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ.</p> <p>ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟ ಜೀವಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ಗಳೆಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿತವಾಗಿದೆ. ನೆನಪಿನ ಸಾಧನ C. HOPKiN'S CaFe Mg(C. ಹಾಪ್ಕಿನ್ಸ್ ಕಾಫಿ ಮಗ್ ಎಂದು ಬಳಸಬೇಕು) ಅನ್ನು ಕೆಲವು ವಿಧ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳು ಈ ಕೆಳಕಂಡ ಪಟ್ಟಿಯನ್ನು ಸ್ಮರಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಬಳಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾರೆ: ಕಾರ್ಬನ್, ಹೈಡ್ರೋಜನ್, ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ, ಫಾಸ್ಫರಸ್, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಶಿಯಮ್">ಪೊಟ್ಯಾಷಿಯಂ</a>, ನೈಟ್ರೋಜನ್, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಗಂಧಕ">ಸಲ್ಫರ್</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಕ್ಯಾಲ್ಶಿಯಮ್">ಕ್ಯಾಲ್ಷಿಯಂ</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಕಬ್ಬಿಣ">ಕಬ್ಬಿಣ</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ಮ್ಯಗ್ನೀಶಿಯಮ್">ಮೆಗ್ನಿಶಿಯಂ</a>. <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸಿಲಿಕಾನ್"> ಸಿಲಿಕಾನ್</a>, ಕ್ಲೋರೈಡ್, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸೋಡಿಯಮ್">ಸೋಡಿಯಂ</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ತಾಮ್ರ">ತಾಮ್ರ</a>, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಸತುವು">ಜಿಂಕ್</a>, ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಮಾಲಿಬ್ಡಿನಮ್">ಮಲಿಬ್ಡಿನಂ</a> ಗಳನ್ನೂ ಸಹ ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ಬಾರಿ ಸೇರಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ, ಆದರೆ ಇತರ ಪರಿಸ್ಥಿತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮೈಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ಗಳೆಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.<sup id="cite_ref-Perry1994_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Perry1994-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>೩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>ಸಸ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳನ್ನು ಅಗತ್ಯಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಒದಗಿಸುವುದು ಪರಿಸರದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಧಿಕ ಸಸ್ಯಗಳ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆ ಹಾಗು ಪಾಚಿಯ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಯುಟ್ರೋಫಿಕೇಶನ್(ಜಲಚರಗಳು ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕವಿಲ್ಲದೆ ಸಾಯುವಷ್ಟು ಸಸ್ಯಗಳು ಬೆಳೆಯುವಂತೆ ವಿಪರೀತವಾಗಿ ಫಲವತ್ತಾಗಿರುವಿಕೆ) ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ ಈ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಯು, ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅಸಮತೋಲನವನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ ಹಾಗು ಇತರ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು ಕೆಲವೊಂದು ಜೀವಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಹಾನಿಕರವಾಗಿದೆ. ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ, ಒಂದು ಪಾಚಿಯ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆಯು, ಮೀನಿಗೆ ಉಸಿರಾಡಲು ಲಭ್ಯವಿರುವ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a>ವನ್ನು ನಿಷ್ಕಾಸಗೊಳಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದರ ಕಾರಣಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕೃಷಿ ಭೂಮಿಯಿಂದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯಾಗುವ ರೊಚ್ಚು ಅಥವಾ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ನೀರಿನಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B2_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಜಲ ಮಾಲಿನ್ಯ">ಜಲ ಮಾಲಿ</a>ನ್ಯ ಸೇರಿದೆ(ಅಧಿಕವಾದ ಕೃಷಿ ಗೊಬ್ಬರಗಳ ಹರಿವು) ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಬೆಳವಣಿಗೆಯನ್ನು ಸೀಮಿತಗೊಳಿಸುವ ಅಂಶಗಳೆಂದರೆ ನೈಟ್ರೋಜನ್ ಹಾಗು ಫಾಸ್ಫರಸ್, ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಈ ರೀತಿಯಾಗಿ ಕೃತಕವಾಗಿ ಪರಿಚಯಿಸಿದಾಗ ಯುಟ್ರೋಫಿಕೇಶನ್ ಸರಣಿಕ್ರಿಯಾಕಾರಿಯಾಗಬಹುದು.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="ಅಗತ್ಯ_ಹಾಗು_ಅನಗತ್ಯ_ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು"><span id=".E0.B2.85.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.A4.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.AF_.E0.B2.B9.E0.B2.BE.E0.B2.97.E0.B3.81_.E0.B2.85.E0.B2.A8.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.A4.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.AF_.E0.B2.AA.E0.B3.8C.E0.B2.B7.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.9F.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.95.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.B3.E0.B3.81"></span>ಅಗತ್ಯ ಹಾಗು ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಅಗತ್ಯ ಹಾಗು ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259365"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Essential_nutrient&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Essential nutrient (ಪುಟವು ಇನ್ನೂ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ)">Essential nutrient</a> </div> <p>ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳನ್ನು ಸಾಧಾರಣವಾಗಿ ಅಗತ್ಯ ಅಥವಾ ಅನಗತ್ಯಗಳೆಂದು ವಿಂಗಡಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಅಗತ್ಯ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳನ್ನು ಆಂತರಿಕವಾಗಿ ಸಂಶ್ಲೇಷಿತಗೊಳಿಸಲು ಅಸಮರ್ಥವಾಗಿದೆ(ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ, ಅಥವಾ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟಿಲ್ಲದ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಗಳು), ಹಾಗು ಈ ರೀತಿಯಾಗಿ ಒಂದು ಜೀವಿಯು ತನ್ನ ಪರಿಸರದಿಂದ ಇದನ್ನು ಸೇವಿಸಬೇಕು.</p> <p>ಮಾನವರಿಗೆ, ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗತ್ಯ ನೆಣಾಮ್ಲಗಳು, ಅಗತ್ಯ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳು, ವಿಟಮಿನ್ ಗಳು, ಹಾಗು ನಿರ್ದಿಷ್ಟ ಆಹಾರ ಖನಿಜಗಳು. ಮಾನವನ ಅಸ್ತಿತ್ವಕ್ಕೆ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ">ಆಮ್ಲಜನಕ</a> ಹಾಗು <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ನೀರು">ನೀರು</a> ಸಹ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ, ಆದರೆ ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಪ್ರತ್ಯೇಕವಾಗಿ ಸೇವಿಸಿದಾಗ ಸಾಧಾರಣವಾಗಿ "ಆಹಾರ" ಎಂದು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಲಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.</p> <p>ಮನುಷ್ಯರು, ಕೊಬ್ಬುಗಳು, ಕಾರ್ಬೋಹೈಡ್ರೇಟ್ ಗಳು, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್">ಪ್ರೋಟೀನು</a>ಗಳು ಹಾಗು ಎಥನೋಲ್ ನಿಂದ ವ್ಯಾಪಕವಾಗಿ ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಪಡೆಯಬಹುದು, ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಅಗತ್ಯ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳಿಂದ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾದ ಇತರ ಅಮೈನೋ ಆಮ್ಲಗಳನ್ನು ಸಂಶ್ಲೇಷಿತಗೊಳಿಸಬಹುದು.</p> <p>ಆಹಾರದಲ್ಲಿನ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳು ಆರೋಗ್ಯದ ಮೇಲೆ ಮಹತ್ವದ ಪರಿಣಾಮವನ್ನು ಬೀರಬಹುದು, ಇದು ದೇಹಕ್ಕೆ ಅನುಕೂಲವನ್ನು ಅಥವಾ ನಂಜನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡಬಹುದು. ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗೆ, ಆಹಾರದಲ್ಲಿನ ನಾರುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನವುಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾನವನ ಪಚನ ಅಂಗವು ಹೀರಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ಆದರೆ ಇದು ಉಳಿದಂತೆ ಹಾನಿಕರ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳನ್ನು ಜೀರ್ಣಮಾಡಲು ಹಾಗು ಹೀರಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಬಹಳ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇತ್ತೀಚಿಗೆ ಫೈಟೋಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ ಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿದೆ, ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಪ್ರಯೋಜನವನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುವ ಹಲವು ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಪದಾರ್ಥಗಳನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿದೆ.<sup id="cite_ref-WhitneyRolfes2005_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WhitneyRolfes2005-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>೧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು"><span id=".E0.B2.89.E0.B2.B2.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.B2.E0.B3.87.E0.B2.96.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.B3.E0.B3.81"></span>ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li>ಡೋನಟೆಲ್ಲೆ, ರೆಬೆಕಾ J.2008. <i>ಹೆಲ್ತ್: ದಿ ಬೇಸಿಕ್ಸ್, 8ನೇ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ</i>. ಬೆಂಜಮಿನ್ ಕಂಮಿಂಗ್ಸ್, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:BookSources/9780321523020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0321523020</a></li> <li>ವೈಟ್ನಿ, ಎಲನೋರ್ ಹಾಗು ಶರೋನ್ ರೋಲ್ಫೆಸ್. 2007. <i>ಅಂಡರ್ಸ್ಟ್ಯಾಂಡಿಂಗ್ ನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಶನ್, 11ನೇ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ</i>. ವ್ಯಾಡ್ಸ್ವರ್ತ್ ಪಬ್ಲಿಷಿಂಗ್ <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:BookSources/9780495116868?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0495116868</a></li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256053">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WhitneyRolfes2005-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WhitneyRolfes2005_1-0">೧.೦</a></sup> <sup><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WhitneyRolfes2005_1-1">೧.೧</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">ವೈಟ್ನಿ, ಎಲನೋರ್ ಹಾಗು ಶರೋನ್ ರೋಲ್ಫ್ಸ್. 2005. <i>ಅಂಡರ್ಸ್ಟ್ಯಾಂಡಿಂಗ್ ನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಶನ್, 10ನೇ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ</i>, ಪುಟ 6. ಥಾಮ್ಸನ್-ವ್ಯಾಡ್ಸ್ವರ್ತ್.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ಕಾಯ್ಲೆ EF. 1995. ವ್ಯಾಯಾಮದ ಅವಧಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕೊಬ್ಬಿನ ಉಪಾಪಚಯ ಕ್ರಿಯೆ. ಕ್ರೀಡಾ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ವಿನಿಮಯ 8(6):59-65</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Perry1994-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Perry1994_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256853">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFPerry1994" class="citation cs2">Perry, David A (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/?id%3DZWNtHLz3fXYC%26pg%3DPA340%26dq%3DC.%2BHOPKiNS%2BCaFe%2BMg"><i>Forest ecosystems</i></a>, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7:BookSources/9780801849879?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಶೇಷ:BookSources/9780801849879"><bdi>9780801849879</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forest+ecosystems&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780801849879&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=David+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DZWNtHLz3fXYC%26pg%3DPA340%26dq%3DC.%2BHOPKiNS%2BCaFe%2BMg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fkn.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <p><br></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="ಇವನ್ನೂ_ಗಮನಿಸಿ"><span id=".E0.B2.87.E0.B2.B5.E0.B2.A8.E0.B3.8D.E0.B2.A8.E0.B3.82_.E0.B2.97.E0.B2.AE.E0.B2.A8.E0.B2.BF.E0.B2.B8.E0.B2.BF"></span>ಇವನ್ನೂ ಗಮನಿಸಿ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ವಿಭಾಗ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ: ಇವನ್ನೂ ಗಮನಿಸಿ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li>ಪರಿಸರ ನೈರ್ಮಲ್ಯ</li> <li>ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ರೋನ್ಯೂಟ್ರಿಯಂಟ್ ಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟಿ</li> <li>ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ ಸಾಂದ್ರತೆ</li> <li>ನಿಜವಾದ ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕಗಳು</li> <li>ಪೋಷಣೆ</li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%26oldid%3D1295603">https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ಪೌಷ್ಟಿಕ&oldid=1295603</a>" ಇಂದ ಪಡೆಯಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="ChiK" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1740134975"> <span>Last edited on ೨೧ ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ ೨೦೨೫, at ೧೬:೧೯</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voedingstof" title="Voedingstof – ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾನ್ಸ್" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Voedingstof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾನ್ಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25BA%25D8%25B0%25D9%258A" title="مغذي – ಅರೇಬಿಕ್" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مغذي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ಅರೇಬಿಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A6%2595" title="পুষ্টিকাৰক – ಅಸ್ಸಾಮೀಸ್" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পুষ্টিকাৰক" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ಅಸ್ಸಾಮೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogen" title="Biogen – ಅಜೆರ್ಬೈಜಾನಿ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Biogen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ಅಜೆರ್ಬೈಜಾನಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2589%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Хранителни вещества – ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯನ್" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хранителни вещества" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrijent" title="Nutrijent – ಬೋಸ್ನಿಯನ್" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nutrijent" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ಬೋಸ್ನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient – ಕೆಟಲಾನ್" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nutrient" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ಕೆಟಲಾನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25AF%25DB%2595_%25D8%25AE%25DB%2586%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25DA%25A9%25DB%258C%25DB%258C%25DB%2595%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="ماددە خۆراکییەکان – ಮಧ್ಯ ಕುರ್ದಿಶ್" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ماددە خۆراکییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ಮಧ್ಯ ಕುರ್ದಿಶ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDivina" title="Živina – ಜೆಕ್" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Živina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ಜೆಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A6ringsstof_(f%25C3%25B8demiddel)" title="Næringsstof (fødemiddel) – ಡ್ಯಾನಿಶ್" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Næringsstof (fødemiddel)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ಡ್ಯಾನಿಶ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A4hrstoff" title="Nährstoff – ಜರ್ಮನ್" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nährstoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ಜರ್ಮನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2589%25DE%25A7%25DE%2589%25DE%25A8%25DE%2582%25DE%25B0_%25DE%2587%25DE%25AE%25DE%2581%25DE%25B0%25DE%2593%25DE%25A6%25DE%2583%25DE%25AA" title="މާމިން އޮށްޓަރު – ದಿವೆಹಿ" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މާމިން އޮށްޓަރު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ದಿವೆಹಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2598%25CF%2581%25CE%25B5%25CF%2580%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AC_%25CF%2583%25CF%2585%25CF%2583%25CF%2584%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AC" title="Θρεπτικά συστατικά – ಗ್ರೀಕ್" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θρεπτικά συστατικά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ಗ್ರೀಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient – ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nutrient" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutra%25C4%25B5o" title="Nutraĵo – ಎಸ್ಪೆರಾಂಟೊ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nutraĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ಎಸ್ಪೆರಾಂಟೊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrimento" title="Nutrimento – ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nutrimento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toitained" title="Toitained – ಎಸ್ಟೊನಿಯನ್" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toitained" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ಎಸ್ಟೊನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantenugai" title="Mantenugai – ಬಾಸ್ಕ್" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mantenugai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ಬಾಸ್ಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF_%25D9%2585%25D8%25BA%25D8%25B0%25DB%258C" title="مواد مغذی – ಪರ್ಶಿಯನ್" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مواد مغذی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ಪರ್ಶಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravinne" title="Ravinne – ಫಿನ್ನಿಶ್" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ravinne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ಫಿನ್ನಿಶ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutriment" title="Nutriment – ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nutriment" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cothaithigh" title="Cothaithigh – ಐರಿಷ್" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cothaithigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ಐರಿಷ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutriente" title="Nutriente – ಗ್ಯಾಲಿಶಿಯನ್" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nutriente" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ಗ್ಯಾಲಿಶಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%259E%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599_%25D7%259E%25D7%2596%25D7%2595%25D7%259F" title="חומרי מזון – ಹೀಬ್ರೂ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חומרי מזון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ಹೀಬ್ರೂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5" title="पोषक तत्व – ಹಿಂದಿ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पोषक तत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ಹಿಂದಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrijent" title="Nutrijent – ಕ್ರೊಯೇಶಿಯನ್" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nutrijent" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ಕ್ರೊಯೇಶಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibstans_nitritif" title="Sibstans nitritif – ಹೈಟಿಯನ್ ಕ್ರಿಯೋಲಿ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sibstans nitritif" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ಹೈಟಿಯನ್ ಕ್ರಿಯೋಲಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25A1panyag" title="Tápanyag – ಹಂಗೇರಿಯನ್" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tápanyag" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ಹಂಗೇರಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrien" title="Nutrien – ಇಂಡೋನೇಶಿಯನ್" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nutrien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ಇಂಡೋನೇಶಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A6ringarefni" title="Næringarefni – ಐಸ್‌ಲ್ಯಾಂಡಿಕ್" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Næringarefni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ಐಸ್‌ಲ್ಯಾಂಡಿಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principi_nutritivi" title="Principi nutritivi – ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Principi nutritivi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25A0%2584%25E9%25A4%258A%25E7%25B4%25A0" title="栄養素 – ಜಾಪನೀಸ್" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="栄養素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ಜಾಪನೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hara" title="Hara – ಜಾವಾನೀಸ್" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hara" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ಜಾವಾನೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2598%2581%25EC%2596%2591%25EC%2586%258C" title="영양소 – ಕೊರಿಯನ್" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영양소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ಕೊರಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maistin%25C4%2597s_med%25C5%25BEiagos" title="Maistinės medžiagos – ಲಿಥುವೇನಿಯನ್" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Maistinės medžiagos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ಲಿಥುವೇನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Хранлива материја – ಮೆಸಿಡೋನಿಯನ್" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хранлива материја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ಮೆಸಿಡೋನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%25B7%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%2582" title="പോഷകം – ಮಲಯಾಳಂ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പോഷകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="ಮಲಯಾಳಂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC_%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D0%25B6%25D1%258D%25D1%258D%25D0%25BB" title="Шим тэжээл – ಮಂಗೋಲಿಯನ್" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шим тэжээл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="ಮಂಗೋಲಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrien" title="Nutrien – ಮಲಯ್" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nutrien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ಮಲಯ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voedingsstof" title="Voedingsstof – ಡಚ್" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Voedingsstof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ಡಚ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A6ringsemne" title="Næringsemne – ನಾರ್ವೇಜಿಯನ್ ನೈನಾರ್ಸ್ಕ್" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Næringsemne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ನಾರ್ವೇಜಿಯನ್ ನೈನಾರ್ಸ್ಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A6ringsstoff" title="Næringsstoff – ನಾರ್ವೆಜಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಮಲ್" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Næringsstoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ನಾರ್ವೆಜಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಮಲ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%25C5%2582adniki_od%25C5%25BCywcze" title="Składniki odżywcze – ಪೊಲಿಶ್" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Składniki odżywcze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ಪೊಲಿಶ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutriente" title="Nutriente – ಪೋರ್ಚುಗೀಸ್" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nutriente" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ಪೋರ್ಚುಗೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient – ರೊಮೇನಿಯನ್" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nutrient" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ರೊಮೇನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2589%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Питательное вещество – ರಷ್ಯನ್" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Питательное вещество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ರಷ್ಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrijent" title="Nutrijent – ಸರ್ಬೋ-ಕ್ರೊಯೇಶಿಯನ್" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nutrijent" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="ಸರ್ಬೋ-ಕ್ರೊಯೇಶಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%259D%25E0%25B7%2582%25E0%25B6%259A_%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25AE" title="පෝෂක පදාර්ථ – ಸಿಂಹಳ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෝෂක පදාර්ථ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="ಸಿಂಹಳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nutrient" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BDivina" title="Živina – ಸ್ಲೋವಾಕ್" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Živina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ಸ್ಲೋವಾಕ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafaqo" title="Nafaqo – ಸೊಮಾಲಿ" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Nafaqo" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="ಸೊಮಾಲಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25ABnd%25C3%25ABt_ushqyese" title="Lëndët ushqyese – ಅಲ್ಬೇನಿಯನ್" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lëndët ushqyese" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ಅಲ್ಬೇನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrijent" title="Nutrijent – ಸೆರ್ಬಿಯನ್" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nutrijent" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ಸೆರ್ಬಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A4rings%25C3%25A4mne" title="Näringsämne – ಸ್ವೀಡಿಷ್" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Näringsämne" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ಸ್ವೀಡಿಷ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virutubishi" title="Virutubishi – ಸ್ವಹಿಲಿ" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Virutubishi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ಸ್ವಹಿಲಿ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%258A%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2582%25E0%25AE%25B1%25E0%25AF%2581" title="ஊட்டக்கூறு – ತಮಿಳು" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஊட்டக்கூறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ತಮಿಳು" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B1%258B%25E0%25B0%25B7%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B1%2581" title="పోషకాలు – ತೆಲುಗು" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పోషకాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="ತೆಲುಗು" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3" title="สารอาหาร – ಥಾಯ್" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารอาหาร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ಥಾಯ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besin" title="Besin – ಟರ್ಕಿಶ್" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Besin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ಟರ್ಕಿಶ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2587%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0" title="Поживна речовина – ಉಕ್ರೇನಿಯನ್" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Поживна речовина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ಉಕ್ರೇನಿಯನ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25E1%25BA%25A5t_dinh_d%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%25A1ng" title="Chất dinh dưỡng – ವಿಯೆಟ್ನಾಮೀಸ್" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chất dinh dưỡng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ವಿಯೆಟ್ನಾಮೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2590%25A5%25E5%2585%25BB%25E7%25B4%25A0" title="营养素 – ವು ಚೈನೀಸ್" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="营养素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ವು ಚೈನೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2590%25A5%25E5%2585%25BB" title="营养 – ಚೈನೀಸ್" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="营养" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ಚೈನೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A4%258A%25E5%2588%2586" title="養分 – ಕ್ಯಾಂಟನೀಸ್" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="養分" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ಕ್ಯಾಂಟನೀಸ್" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-kn.svg" alt="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ" width="122" height="40" style="width: 7.625em; height: 2.5em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">ಈ ಪುಟವನ್ನು ೨೧ ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ ೨೦೨೫, ೧೬:೧೯ ರಂದು ಕೊನೆಯಾಗಿ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಲಾಯಿತು.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ಟಿಪ್ಪಣಿ ಮಾಡದಿದ್ದ ಹೊರತು ಪಠ್ಯ "<a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.kn">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>" ರಡಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿದೆ.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">ಖಾಸಗಿ ಮಾಹಿತಿಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಿಲುವು</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://kn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">ಹಕ್ಕು ನಿರಾಕರಣೆಗಳು</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">ಡೆವೆಲಪರ್‌ಗಳು</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/kn.wikipedia.org">ಅಂಕಿ ಅಂಶಗಳು</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">ಕುಕಿ ಹೇಳಿಕೆ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">ಬಳಕೆಯ ನಿಬಂಧನೆಗಳು</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B3%258C%25E0%25B2%25B7%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">ಡೆಸ್ಕ್‌ಟಾಪ್</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5fd4b9f45-fmgqm","wgBackendResponseTime":214,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.166","walltime":"0.540","ppvisitednodes":{"value":333,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":8979,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":94,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":8320,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 465.250 1 -total"," 51.19% 238.165 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Reflist"," 38.82% 180.602 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Citation"," 26.94% 125.333 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Citations_missing"," 21.61% 100.534 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Ambox"," 18.70% 87.024 3 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Main"," 2.48% 11.553 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Fact"," 1.27% 5.907 1 ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.097","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2737389,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-57bccb6b4d-qhqjh","timestamp":"20250221104938","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0caa\u0ccc\u0cb7\u0ccd\u0c9f\u0cbf\u0c95","url":"https:\/\/kn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q181394","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q181394","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-10-22T05:21:38Z","dateModified":"2025-02-21T10:49:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/13\/Nutrient-cycle_hg.png","headline":"\u0c9c\u0cc0\u0cb5\u0cb8\u0ca4\u0ccd\u0cb5"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-mw-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('kn', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>