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color: white; padding: 10px 18px; text-align: center; width: 94%; } .button { font-size: 1.0rem; background-color: #36b0d8; border: none; margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px; color: white; padding: 1.0rem 1.2rem; text-align: center; width: 100%; } .postcategory {color:#fc621f} .postcategory a {color:#fc621f} h2.widgettitle {color:#fc621f;} .relatedcontent {color:#75838b;} #headerfirst{ position: absolute ; _top: -30px; _top:4px; width: 100%; } body{ background: white !important ; _font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",Times,serif; font-family:Lora,"Lora",Times,serif; font-size:14px; font-size:1.4rem; /*use dynamic sizing with a fixed width fallback for <ie9*/ color:black; background-color:white; padding:0; _margin:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; max-width:1700px; margin-right:auto; width:100%; } /*body img {height:initial; width:initial;} */ #header{ width: 100%; overflow: visible!important; position: relative; /* padding: 0px; */ height: 125px !important; /* background: url(/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/header_circles.png) scroll no-repeat; */ top: 0px !important; /*left: 2%;*/ } /*put this back in css */ .contentwrapper{ _width:94%; _margin:0px 5% 0 5% ; margin: 12px 7% 0 7%; padding:0px ; z-index:1; /*display:flex; justify-content:space-between; */ } #wrap{background:transparent; margin:0 auto; padding:0; width:100%; color:#414141; padding:0} .l_sidebar{width:15%} .r_sidebar{ width:22%; _min-width:150px; min-width:160px; max-width:345px; float:left; background-color: white; /*background-color:#bdbec2; */ /*:transparent; */ font-size:1.3rem; _margin-top:0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2px; padding:0 0 0 10px; overflow:visible ; } .da-third-column{overflow:visible !important ;} .middle_sidebar{font-size: 1.4rem; _width:14%; width:17%; min-width:90px; max-width:180px; float:left; background:transparent; margin:.5% .5%; padding:0px .5% 0 1%; _border-right:1px dotted #d1ccbc; min-width:128px; } div.middle_sidebar{ border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-color: #d1ccbc ;} .contentmiddle{ width:54% ; min-width:185px; float:left; margin-top:.4rem; font-size:16px; font-size:1.6rem; /* line-height:15px; line-height:150%; */ _margin-right:5px; _padding-right: 20px; _max-width: 700px; padding-right: 3%; } .contentmiddle h1, .contentmiddle h1 a { text-decoration: none; font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: normal; color: #373731; /* near black */ line-height: 140%; } #headerW {height:100%; width: 100% !important; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display:block;} .l_sidebar a:link,.l_sidebar a:visited, .middle_sidebar a:link, .middle_sidebar a:visited, .r_sidebar a:visited, .r_sidebar a:link{ /*color:#0183B2; old blue*/ color: #394244; font-size: 1.4rem; border-top: 1px solid lightgrey; /*word-spacing: -.3rem; */ } .new_subscription_block { font-family:"Muli", sans-serif ; background: #daf4fc; border-radius: 0rem; margin:4% 5% 4% 5%; padding: 5% 7% 5% 7%; line-height:150%; } .new_subscription_block p{ Font-Family:Lora; font-style:italic;} .new_subscription_block h3, h4 {font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; } .r_sub_con a:visited, .r_sub_con a:link, .new_subscription_block a:visited, .new_subscription_block a:link{ border-top: 0px ;} /* turn off links */ #clearfixheader { clear: both; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-top: 0px; padding-top:0px; } .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a, .social_li a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: .2rem .8rem !important /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color:#1e3a4a } .social_li li{display:inline; margin-left:10px ;margin-left:1rem; margin-right:10px; margin-right:1rem;} .centerwrap ul {margin: 0px -1% 0px 0%} #navbar{ font-size: 1.6rem; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 400; _text-transform: uppercase; font-weight:bold; z-index:99; /*margin-top, margin-bottom: 0px !important; */ text-alignment:center; height:auto !important; text-align:justify; -ms-text-justify:distribute-all-lines; text-justify:distribute-all-lines; _letter-spacing:-.5px; color:#39AACF; margin-top: 0px; margin-left:0%; _margin-right:7% ; border-radius:0px; _background-color:rgba(118,154,172,.9); background-color:rgba(57, 170, 207, .85); min-width:245px; _width: 86%; width: 100%; } #navbar a{ _font-weight:bold; text-decoration:none; font-weight:bold; padding:0 12px; padding:0 1rem; padding-top: 2px; text-decoration:none; letter-spacing: .1px; color: white; _font-family: Helvetica; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.55rem; line-height: 2.2rem; padding-top: 3px; } .nav ul, .socmedia ul {text-align:center} /*#nav{list-style-type:none;} */ /* #nav li{display:inline;float:left;list-style-type:none} #nav .stretch { display: inline-block; width: 100%; *display: inline; zoom: 1 } */ /*icons by https://www.entypo.com/*/ .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a,.social a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: 0 .8rem !important; /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color: white; /*#1e3a4a */ } /* might work to space out items more nav li:before { margin-left: 3px} */ #search-old2{ display: inline-block!important; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px; float: none!important; width: 115px!important; font-family: font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",Times,serif !important; background-color: #1497c2; text-align: left !important; font-weight: normal!important; } #search-old2 form{background:none!important; width:110px; height:100%; margin-top:2px !important; padding:0px} /* this indents widget */ .contentwrapper ul li li{ text-indent: -1.1rem; } .contentwrapper a, a:visited, a:hover{font-size: inherit; } /* 1.6rem; shouldnt this just inherit */ .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul, .r_sidebar ul li { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*shading boxes around ads + contact info*/ .r_sidebar .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{background: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 0rem; } /*#bdbec2 */ .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{text-align:left; padding: 10px 18px 10px 18px; margin:12px -4px 0px -4px;} .box { border: .2rem solid black; font-size: 4rem; border-radius:2px;} .lightbox {border: .1rem solid grey ;} _colorcontrast {background-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); margin: 0px; border-right: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-radius: 8px;} .tagline { text-align:left ; font-size:13px; font-size:1.3hw; line-height:100%; margin:0; margin-top: 6px; /* color:white !important; */ margin-left:6px; padding:2px; color:#4a7d96; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } #tagline_container{ max-width:335px; width:100%; margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 21px; } _ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:3.5%; margin-right:4.3%;} #ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:7%; margin-right:4%; margin-top:3px;} #logocontainer{width:auto; float:left; margin-left:0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width:40%; } #big_logo { /* margin-left: 25%; max-width: 7%; transform: scale(8); float: left; width:100%; max-height: 10%; */ } #big_logo{ transform: scale(8); max-height:10%; max-width:325px; float: left !important; text-align: left; width: 100%; } #logo_container { width: 100%; float: left; z-index: -40; /* overflow: visible; */ max-width: 600px; max-height: 200px; min-width: 140px; margin-left: 20px; height: auto; min-height: 40px; margin-top: 0px; _background-image: url(/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/openculture_banner.png); background-size: contain; background-repeat: no-repeat; max-width:80vw;; /*css3 viewport setting */ } .left { /* border: 2px dashed #f0f; */ text-align:left; _min-height:40px; height:auto; _margin-top: 45px; margin-left: 0px; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo-with-stacked-tagline.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo-with-tagline.svg") no-repeat; background-size: contain; max-width:600px; min-width:90px; overflow:hidden; _background-position-y:0px; _background-position-x:0px; background-position-x: center !important; background-position-y: center !important; z-index:200; } .right { float: right; _width: 740px; /*min-height: 25px;*/ margin-left: 2.5%; padding-left: 0px; margin-right: 20px ; padding-right:0px; /* border: 2px dashed #00f; */ position:relative; z-index:200; } .top{} .bottom{ background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background-size: contain; background-size: revert-layer; min-height:80px; /* border: 2px dashed green; */ clear:both; padding-top:8px; _margin: 4px 10px 0 10px; _background-position-y: 0px; /* min-height: 65px; */ clear: both; background-position-x: center; background-position-y:center; padding-top: 0px; margin: 2px 1rem 0px 1rem; /* height: 90px; */ _min-height: 110px; } #footerW{ right: 0; left: 0; position: relative; padding: 0; overflow:hidden;} .clear {clear:both;} .logo_clickable { position:absolute; width:100%; height:100%; top:0; left: 0; z-index: 50; _position:absolute; /* fixes overlap error in IE7/8, make sure you have an empty gif */ _background-image: url('empty.gif'); } .socialblock li {top: 2px;} .social-mail a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .social-mail-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-black.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-facebook-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-rss-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-mail a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a:hover { background: url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search :hover {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} /* override images that we dont want to go to margin */ .contentmiddle img.noexpand, .contentmiddle p img.noexpand, .contentmiddle img[src$="feed-icon16x16139.png"],img[title|="noexpand"], .contentmiddle div.noexpand img, .contentmiddle div.noexpand p img , .begbox img, .ct_comment_info img, ct_this_is_spam img, ct_comment_info div{ width:initial !important; display: block !important; line-height: 100%; } .noexpand img {width:initial !important;} /*this seems to work more reliably than above */ .contentmiddle img.oneXone {width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important;} .contentmiddle img.noexpand.center{display:block !important; } #footer { color: white; width: 100%; /*margin:0 auto; */ margin-bottom:100px; padding:28px 0 0 0px; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; font-weight:400; clear:both; display:inline-block; } .framearound_ad_in_post{margin: .6rem 0px 2.4rem 0px; height:auto;max-height:120px; width:100%;padding:0px; border: 2px solid #D3D3D3; border-radius:8px;min-height:3rem; } .advertisement_notice{text-align:center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant:small caps; color: #0183b2;} .begbox{color:white;width:100%;display:inline-block; background: #36b0d8; margin-left: -4px; padding: 0; font-family: Lora, "Lora", Times, serif;font-style:normal} .begbox img { width:250px ; margin: 8px auto} .begbox p, .begbox div {margin: 1em 0px 0 12px} .da_bottom {line-height:10%} .no-framearound_ad_in_post {padding-bottom: 25px; padding-top:15px; width: 100%} img.no-framearound_ad_in_post {width:100%} .responsive_belowheadline_ad{ height: 100%; display:inline-block; width:98%; min-height:70px; max-height:200px; margin-right:4px; padding-bottom: 10px; } /*comment box */ div.cbInner {background: #eaebe8; border-radius:8px ;} div.cbInner h5 {color: #000;} .comments {color:#000:;} /*bullets*/ /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars*/ /*.contentwrapper ul li li, */ .r_sidebar a:link,.r_sidebar a:visited,.r_sidebar a:hover,.middle_sidebar a:link,.middle_sidebar a:visited,.middle_sidebar a:hover{ font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; } .contentmiddle a:link, .contentwrapper a {text-decoration:none; } .l_sidebar ul li a:hover, .middle_sidebar ul li a:hover, .r_sidebar ul li a:hover, .contentmiddle a:hover { text-decoration:underline} #footer ul li {line-height:130%; list-style:none;} #footer ul li a:link {color:white; font-size:1.6rem; text-decoration:none;} #footer ul li a:hover {text-decoration:underline;} .l_sidebar li a, .r_sidebar li a, .middle_sidebar li a{ /*display:block; */ /*OC-typography.png */ text-decoration:none; padding-left: 1em; /*font-style:italic;*/ font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; _font-style:bold; font-weight:400; color:#394244; } .widgettitle{ _border-top-width: 1px; _border-top-style: dotted; _border-top-color: gray; font-family:"Lora", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 600; _font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 19px; font-weight: bold; padding: 3px ; margin: 8px 2px 2px 1px !important; /*color: #898477; */ letter-spacing: -.5px; } .widgetbox ul,.widget_categories ul, .widget_archive ul { border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc ; padding-bottom: 30px !important; display:block;} .widgetbox li a, .widget_categories li a, .widget_archive li a {display:block;} .recent_post{ border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc; padding: 0 0 30px 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; line-height:150%; overflow:hidden; } .noborder, .middle_sidebar.noborder:link, div.noborder a {border-top: 0px white !important;} .contentmiddle ul li a{} /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars* .contentwrapper ul li li,*/ .contentmiddle li, .r_sidebar li, .l_sidebar li, .middle_sidebar li { /* background:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhBQAFALMJANTPvq2ok8rGs8C8qMXBrrKtmLeynufj0+Pezvby4wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAkALAAAAAAFAAUAQAQQcByCkqQpCQPCKYiBfCESAQA7) no-repeat 0 10px; */ list-style-type:none; zoom:1; margin-left: .8em; zoom: 1; padding-left: .2em; margin-bottom: .3em; line-height:1.9rem; } .contentmiddle ul li li :before , .r_sidebar ul li li :before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, .l_sidebar ul li li :before { /*content: "\25B8"; */ float:left; padding-right:1rem; font-style:normal;} .contentmiddle ul li li li :before {content:none;} .contentmiddle ul li {list-style-type: none; padding-right:.8rem; padding-bottom: .4rem; font-style:normal;} /*set general padding for Ul lists */ .contentwrapper ul { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 10px 0; background:none; } .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*titles in widgets*/ .widgettitle, ul.l_sidebar li h2, ul.r_sidebar li h2, ul.middle_sidebar li h2, .middle_sidebar li h2 { font-weight:normal; padding:3px; margin:2px 2px 2px 1px; _font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-family:Lora; color:#fc621f letter-spacing:-.5px; list-style-type:none; background: none !important; font-size: 1.9rem; } .r_sidebar ul {margin-left:-.6rem;} .middle_sidebar ul{ margin-top:1.2rem; margin-left:-1.1rem;} .middle_sidebar ul li {background:none } .contentmiddle li {background: none no-repeat 0 10px; list-style-type:none; zoom:1; /*margin-left: .8rem; */ zoom: 1; padding-left: .2rem; margin-bottom: 0rem; } /* turn off bullets on headers */ .contentwrapper ul {background:none;} /*lists inside lists */ .contentmiddle ul li li {margin-bottom:0rem; margin-left:5rem; list-style-type: none; } .contentwrapper ul {content:"";} .contentmiddle ul li li:before, .contentmiddle ul li:before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, /*put right triangle before bullets */ .middle_sidebar ul li li, .r_sidebar ul li li, .l_sidebar ul li li {line-height:inherit;} // Variables @colorBase: #394244; .transition (@prop: all, @time: 1s, @ease: linear) { -webkit-transition: @prop @time @ease; -moz-transition: @prop @time @ease; -o-transition: @prop @time @ease; -ms-transition: @prop @time @ease; transition: @prop @time @ease; } .universal-inline-block { display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline; } /* horizontal buttons */ div .social-icons2 { text-align: center; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.5em; color: @colorBase; _margin: -2% -8% -2% -14%; } .social-icons2 ul { margin: 0; _padding: 0; list-style-type: none; text-align: center; } .social-icons2 ul li { _padding: 0px 8px 0px 6px; display:inline-block; text-indent:0; margin: 0px -4px 0px -4px;} .social-icons2 ul li a { text-decoration: none; _padding: .1rem .8rem; color: #fff; } .social-icons2-altmargin ul li {padding: 0 20px;} .social-icons2 ul li a:hover{ color: #1497c2; } .margin_left_10 {margin-left:-10px;} .white_background {background-color:white;} .oc-center, .oc-center img { width:100% ; max-width:100% !important; margin:0 auto; display:block; text-align:center;} .oc-center-da, .oc-center-da img, .oc-center-da object, .oc-center-da img { max-width: 100% !important; width: 100% !important; margin:0 auto; display: block; text-align:center;} /*fix expanding captcha refresh */ #fscf_captcha_refresh1 {width: 24px;height: 24px;} .oc-video-container { position: relative; _padding-bottom: 63.25%; padding-bottom:54%; padding-top: 10px; height: 0; } a.mashicon-reddit{background-color: darkred;} /* allow for override of img resizer */ .contentmiddle div.oc-no-resize-center img{ width: inherit !important; margin 0 auto; float:left} /*#footer img{width:inherit!important ;} */ /*footer stuff */ #flexcanvas{ width: 100%; max-width:100%; _height: 600px !important; margin-left: 3px; } .rowParent, .columnParent{ display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: -webkit-flex; display: flex; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-flex-direction: row; -ms-flex-direction: row; flex-direction: row; -webkit-flex-wrap: nowrap; -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap; flex-wrap: nowrap; -webkit-box-pack: start; -webkit-justify-content: flex-start; -ms-flex-pack: start; justify-content: flex-start; -webkit-align-content: stretch; -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch; align-content: stretch; -webkit-box-align: stretch; -webkit-align-items: stretch; -ms-flex-align: stretch; align-items: stretch; } .columnParent{ -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .flexChild{ -webkit-box-flex: 1; -webkit-flex: 1; -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1; -webkit-align-self: auto; -ms-flex-item-align: auto; align-self: auto; margin:1px; font-size:1.3rem; /*border: 1px dotted #d1ccbc */ } .flexChild ul, .flexChild ul li {margin-left:-1.2rem;} .rowChild85696 {padding:1.8rem; margin-bottom:1.4rem} .rowChild9255 {margin:0px;} .minustopbottommargin20{margin-top:-20px !important; margin-bottom:-20px !important;} .minustopbottommargin40{margin-top:-40px !important; margin-bottom:-40px !important;} .minustopmargin20{margin-top:-20px !important;} .minustopmargin40{margin-top:-40px !important;} .curatedcategory ul li { text-decoration: none; list-style-type: none; padding: 0px; margin-left:1.0rem; line-height: 140%;} .curatedcategory ul {margin-left: 1.2rem;} .curatedcategory h2 {margin-left:1.0rem;} .curatedcategory h2 a {font-variant:small-caps;} .contentmiddle ol {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;} .contentmiddle ol li {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;line-spacing:120%;margin-bottom:.8rem;} input[type=search] { -moz-appearance:none; -webkit-appearance:none; } .sb-search { position: relative; color:#fff; border:none; width: 20px; width: 0%; min-width: 24px; min-height: 2.4rem; float: right; height:100%; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: width 0.3s; -moz-transition: width 0.3s; transition: width 0.6s; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; } .sb-search-input, input[type="search"] { position: absolute; top: -6px; right: 0px; border: none; outline: none; margin-right:24px; width: 100%; height: 88%; min-height:2.5rem; _margin: 8px 2px 8px 2px; z-index: 25; _padding: 4px 65px 4px 20px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.8rem; 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</script></div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-82404" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/the-15-most-popular-posts-from-open-culture-in-2013.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to The 15 Most Popular Posts from Open Culture in 2013"> The 15 Most Popular Posts from Open Culture in 2013 </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a> </em> | December 31st, 2013 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-82404" class="post-82404 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-most_popular"> <p><a href="http://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201.jpg"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-82437 native-lazyload-js-fallback" alt="chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="480" height="359" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201.jpg 480w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201-150x112.jpg 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201-300x224.jpg 300w" data-sizes="(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-82437" alt="chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201.jpg" width="480" height="359" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201.jpg 480w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201-150x112.jpg 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/chomsky-zizek-feud-continues-e1374507471201-300x224.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"></noscript></a></p> <p>In 2013, we pub­lished 1300+ posts on a wide range of cul­tur­al sub­jects. Look­ing back through our logs we were able to iden­ti­fy the 15 posts that res­onat­ed most wide­ly with our read­ers. We hope you enjoy this recap, and share some of the items with friends. And we look for­ward to see­ing you in 2014. Hap­py New Year to you all.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/noam_chomsky_slams_zizek_and_lacan_empty_posturing.html">Noam Chom­sky Slams Žižek and Lacan: Emp­ty ‘Pos­tur­ing’</a></strong>: A lit­tle spat broke out between Chom­sky and Žižek&nbsp;this sum­mer. Chom­sky <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/noam_chomsky_slams_zizek_and_lacan_empty_posturing.html">got the debate going</a>&nbsp;after he accused Jacques Lacan of being a “total char­la­tan” and Slavoj Žižek of pos­tur­ing rather than offer­ing real intel­lec­tu­al sub­stance. Žižek&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/slavoj-zizek-responds-to-noam-chomsky.html">replied sharply</a>. Chom­sky <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/noam-chomsky-responds-to-zizek-describes-remarks-as-sheer-fantasy.html">rebutted</a>. Žižek&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/slavoj-zizek-publishes-a-very-clearly-written-essay-length-response-to-chomskys-brutal-criticisms.html">coun­tered again</a>. Some scored it a draw.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/09/the-10-greatest-films-of-all-time-according-to-846-film-critics.html">The 10 Great­est Films of All Time Accord­ing to 846 Film Crit­ics</a></strong>: Through­out the year, our res­i­dent film schol­ar Col­in Mar­shall revis­it­ed the favorite films of some of the great­est film­mak­ers —&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/stanley-kubricks-list-of-top-ten-films.html">Stan­ley Kubrick</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/martin-scorsese-reveals-his-10-favorite-movies.html">Mar­tin Scors­ese</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/08/woody-allen-lists-the-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Woody Allen</a>, and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/08/quentin-tarantino-lists-the-12-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Quentin Taran­ti­no</a>, to name a few. But it also made sense to take a more glob­al view of things, to sur­vey the films loved by 800+ direc­tors and film crit­ics. That’s what you can&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/09/the-10-greatest-films-of-all-time-according-to-846-film-critics.html">find here</a>.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/listen_to_freddie_mercury_and_david_bowie_on_the_isolated_vocal_track_for_the_queen_hit_under_pressure_1981.html">Lis­ten to Fred­die Mer­cury and David Bowie on the Iso­lat­ed Vocal Track for the Queen Hit ‘Under Pres­sure,’ 1981</a></strong>: In 2013, we fea­tured a series of iso­lat­ed tracks that offer unique insights into clas­sic songs. You might recall&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/04/kurt_cobains_isolated_vocal_track_from_smells_like_teen_spirit_1991.html">Kurt Cobain’s Vocals From ‘Smells Like Teen Spir­it,’</a>&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/05/eric_claptons_isolated_guitar_track_from_the_classic_beatles_song_while_my_guitar_gently_weeps_1968.html">Eric Clapton’s Iso­lat­ed Gui­tar Track From ‘While My Gui­tar Gen­tly Weeps’</a>, and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/mick_jagger_tells_the_story_behind_gimme_shelter.html">Mer­ry Clayton’s Haunt­ing Back­ground Vocals on the Rolling Stones’ ‘Gimme Shel­ter’</a>. But your favorite was Fred­die Mer­cury and David Bowie’s unfor­get­table per­for­mance on <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/listen_to_freddie_mercury_and_david_bowie_on_the_isolated_vocal_track_for_the_queen_hit_under_pressure_1981.html">Queen’s Under Pres­sure</a>. You have good taste. Bowie fans should also check his list of his <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/10/david-bowies-list-of-top-100-books.html">Top 100 Books</a>.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/10/read-14-short-stories-from-nobel-prize-winning-writer-alice-munro-free-online.html">Read 18 Short Sto­ries From Nobel Prize-Win­ning Writer Alice Munro Free Online</a></strong>: When Alice Munro won the Nobel Prize on the strength of her many short sto­ries, Josh Jones gath­ered for you 18 free short sto­ries writ­ten by the now 82-year-old author. They’re all free to read online. Dur­ing the year, we also put togeth­er col­lec­tions of&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/03/10_free_stories_by_george_saunders_author_of_itenth_of_decemberi_the_best_book_youll_read_this_year.html">10 Free Sto­ries by George Saun­ders</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/12/read-10-free-articles-by-hunter-s-thompson.html">10 Free Arti­cles by Hunter S. Thomp­son</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/03/stories_by_jennifer_egan.html">Four Sto­ries by Jen­nifer Egan</a>, and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/09/read-30-free-essays-stories-by-david-foster-wallace-on-the-5th-anniversary-of-his-death.html">30 Free Essays &amp; Sto­ries by David Fos­ter Wal­lace</a>. Be sure to enjoy them as well.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/08/free-the-metropolitan-museum-of-art-and-the-guggenheim-offer-474-free-art-catalogues-online.html">Free: The Met­ro­pol­i­tan Muse­um of Art and the Guggen­heim Offer 474 Free Art Books Online</a></strong>: Art cat­a­logues from muse­ums can be down­right expen­sive. That’s why we were excit­ed when The Met and the&nbsp;Guggen­heim put an archive of art cat­a­logues online for free. For no cost, you can read high­ly visu­al intro­duc­tions to the work of&nbsp;<a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/67">Alexan­der Calder</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/139">Edvard Munch</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/148">Fran­cis Bacon</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/70">Gus­tav Klimt &amp; Egon Schiele</a>, <a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/110">Wass­i­ly&nbsp;Kandin­sky</a>, <a href="http://www.metmuseum.org/research/metpublications/Georgia_O_Keeffe_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art_Bulletin_v_42_no_2_Fall_1984?Tag=&amp;title=o'keeffe&amp;author=&amp;pt=0&amp;tc=0&amp;dept=0&amp;fmt=0">Geor­gia O’Ke­effe</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/exhibitions/publications/from-the-archives/items/view/337">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>&nbsp;and many oth­er influ­en­tial artists.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/12/british-library-puts-1000000-images-into-public-domain.html">The British Library Puts 1,000,000 Images into the Pub­lic Domain, Mak­ing Them Free to Reuse &amp; Remix</a></strong>: Some of the world’s great libraries are also open­ing access to our cul­tur­al her­itage. Take for exam­ple the British Library, which announced this month that it has&nbsp;<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/britishlibrary">released over a mil­lion images&nbsp;onto Flickr Com­mons</a> for any­one to use, remix and repur­pose. Culled from the pages of 17th, 18th and 19th cen­tu­ry books, the images include a dizzy­ing array of “maps, geo­log­i­cal dia­grams, beau­ti­ful illus­tra­tions, com­i­cal satire, illu­mi­nat­ed and dec­o­ra­tive let­ters, col­or­ful illus­tra­tions, land­scapes, wall-paint­ings” and more.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/09/john-coltranes-handwritten-outline-for-his-masterpiece-a-love-supreme.html">John Coltrane’s Hand­writ­ten Out­line for His Mas­ter­piece <i>A Love Supreme</i></a></strong>: To cel­e­brate Trane’s birth­day, we fea­tured&nbsp;a rare doc­u­ment from the Smithsonian’s Nation­al Muse­um of Amer­i­can His­to­ry: Coltrane’s hand­writ­ten out­line of his ground­break­ing jazz com­po­si­tion&nbsp;<i>A Love Supreme</i>. In terms of pop­u­lar­i­ty, this post was just about tied with anoth­er great (but very dif­fer­ent) jazz doc­u­ment:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2012/09/thelonious_monk_scribbles_a_list_of_tips_for_playing_a_gig.html">Thelo­nious Monk’s List of Tips for Play­ing a Gig</a>.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/02/the_genius_of_js_bachs_crab_canon_visualized_on_a_mobius_strip.html">The Genius of J.S. Bach’s “Crab Canon” Visu­al­ized on a Möbius Strip</a></strong>:&nbsp;Bach wrote his “Crab Canon” in such a way that it could be played back­wards as well as for­wards. But pre­pare your­self for the mind-blow­ing&nbsp;coup de grâce when&nbsp;math­e­mat­i­cal image-mak­er&nbsp;Jos Ley&nbsp;lays the piece out on a&nbsp;Möbius strip.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/02/seven_tips_from_ernest_hemingway_on_how_to_write_fiction.html">Sev­en Tips From Ernest Hem­ing­way on How to Write Fic­tion</a>:&nbsp;</strong>Hem­ing­way nev­er wrote a trea­tise on the art of writ­ing fic­tion. He did, how­ev­er, leave behind a great many pas­sages in let­ters, arti­cles and books with opin­ions and advice on writ­ing. Some of the best of those were assem­bled in 1984 by Lar­ry W. Phillips into a book, <a href="http://amzn.to/ZpgMuJ"><i>Ernest Hem­ing­way on Writ­ing</i></a>. We’ve select­ed sev­en of our favorite quo­ta­tions from the book and placed them, along with our own com­men­tary,<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/02/seven_tips_from_ernest_hemingway_on_how_to_write_fiction.html"> on this page</a>. Read­ers will also want to peruse these relat­ed posts:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/09/18-books-ernest-hemingway-wished-he-could-read-again-for-the-first-time.html">18 (Free) Books Ernest Hem­ing­way Wished He Could Read Again for the First Time</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/05/ernest_hemingways_reading_list_for_a_young_writer_1934.html">Hem­ing­way Cre­ates a Read­ing List for a Young Writer, 1934</a>, plus&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/08/f-scott-fitzgerald-creates-a-list-of-22-essential-books-1936.html">F. Scott Fitzger­ald Cre­ates a List of 22 Essen­tial Books, 1936</a>.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/04/pink_floyds_david_gilmour_sings_shakespeares_sonnet_18.html" rel="nofollow">Pink Floyd’s David Gilmour Sings Shakespeare’s&nbsp;<i>Son­net 18</i></a>:</strong> In the ear­ly 2000s, Pink Floyd&nbsp;gui­tarist and singer&nbsp;David Gilmour record­ed a musi­cal inter­pre­ta­tion of&nbsp;<a href="http://shakespeare.mit.edu/Poetry/sonnet.XVIII.html">William Shakespeare’s “Son­net 18″</a> at his home stu­dio aboard the his­toric, 90-foot house­boat the&nbsp;<em>Asto­ria</em>. This video of Gilmour singing the son­net was released as an extra on the 2002 DVD&nbsp;<em>David Gilmour in Con­cert</em>, and it’s pret­ty sub­lime.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/02/learn_to_code_with_harvards_intro_to_computer_science_course_and_other_free_tech_classes_.html">Learn to Code with Harvard’s Intro to Com­put­er Sci­ence Course And Oth­er Free Tech Class­es</a></strong>: These days, it could nev­er hurt to make sure you have some good tech chops. Many of you under­stand that, and that’s why you jumped on Har­vard’s free, intro­duc­to­ry com­put­er sci­ence course. Taught by David Malan, the intro­duc­to­ry course cov­ers “abstrac­tion, algo­rithms, encap­su­la­tion, data struc­tures, data­bas­es, mem­o­ry man­age­ment, secu­ri­ty, soft­ware devel­op­ment, vir­tu­al­iza­tion, and web­sites. Lan­guages include C, PHP, and JavaScript plus SQL, CSS, and HTML.” You can always find the course list­ed in the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses#ComputerScience">Com­put­er Sci­ence sec­tion</a>&nbsp;of our col­lec­tion of 800&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses">Free Cours­es Online</a>.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/12/michelangelos-illustrated-grocery-list.html">Michelangelo’s Illus­trat­ed 16th-Cen­tu­ry Gro­cery List</a></strong>: Very few of Michelan­gelo’s papers sur­vive today, but we do odd­ly have the gro­cery lists that he had his ser­vant bring to the food mar­ket.&nbsp;“Because the ser­vant he was send­ing to mar­ket was illit­er­ate,” writes the Oregonian‘s Steve Duin, “Michelan­ge­lo illus­trat­ed the shop­ping lists — a her­ring, tortel­li, two fen­nel soups, four anchovies and ‘a small quar­ter of a rough wine’ — with rushed … car­i­ca­tures in pen and ink.” It’s a unique his­tor­i­cal item, cer­tain­ly worth check­ing out.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/11/fly-through-17th-century-london.html">Prize-Win­ning Ani­ma­tion Lets You Fly Through 17th Cen­tu­ry Lon­don</a></strong>: Six stu­dents from&nbsp;De Mont­fort Uni­ver­si­ty&nbsp;cre­at­ed&nbsp;a stel­lar 3D rep­re­sen­ta­tion of 17th cen­tu­ry Lon­don, as it exist­ed before&nbsp;The Great Fire of 1666. The three-minute video pro­vides a&nbsp;real­is­tic ani­ma­tion of Tudor Lon­don, and par­tic­u­lar­ly a sec­tion called&nbsp;Pud­ding Lane&nbsp;where the fire start­ed. Grab a small hand­ful of pop­corn, and sit back and enjoy.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/11/take-hermann-rorschachs-original-rorschach-test-1921.html">Her­mann Rorschach’s Orig­i­nal Rorschach Test: What Do You See?</a></strong>:&nbsp;In hon­or of Her­mann Rorschach’s birth­day in Novem­ber, we high­light­ed the orig­i­nal images used in his famous psy­chol­o­gy test back in 1921. And we invit­ed you to say what you saw in these images. The answers were often amus­ing, some­times per­plex­ing.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/05/simone_de_beauvoir_explains_why_im_a_feminist_in_a_rare_tv_interview_1975.html">Simone de Beau­voir Explains “Why I’m a Fem­i­nist” in a Rare TV Inter­view (1975)</a></strong>:&nbsp;In a 1975 inter­view, Simone de Beau­voir picked up on ideas she explored in&nbsp;<i>The Sec­ond Sex. </i>This reveal­ing clip can be watched along­side oth­er 2013 posts fea­tur­ing de Beau­voir and her part­ner Jean-Paul Sartre. See&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/01/jean-paul_sartre_and_simone_de_beauvoir_together_in_1967.html">Lovers and Philoso­phers — Jean-Paul Sartre &amp; Simone de Beau­voir Togeth­er in 1967</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/philosophys_power_couple_jean-paul_sartre_and_simone_de_beauvoir_featured_in_1967_tv_interview_.html">Philosophy’s Pow­er Cou­ple, Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beau­voir, Fea­tured in 1967 TV Inter­view</a>.</p> <p><strong>Bonus</strong>:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/12/fill-your-device-with-free-ebooks-movies-audio-books-online-courses.html" rel="nofollow">Fill Your New Kin­dle, iPad, iPhone, eRead­er with Free eBooks, Movies, Audio Books, Online Cours­es &amp; More</a>: Just last week, we told you where to load up your new iPads, Kin­dles, and oth­er&nbsp;devices with free intel­li­gent media. If you missed it the first time around, it’s not too late to cir­cle back.</p> <p>Don’t miss any­thing from Open Cul­ture in 2014. Sign up for our&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/dailyemail">Dai­ly Email</a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/OpenCulture">RSS Feed.</a>&nbsp;And we’ll send cul­tur­al curiosi­ties your way, every day.</p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/the-15-most-popular-posts-from-open-culture-in-2013.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/the-15-most-popular-posts-from-open-culture-in-2013.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/the-15-most-popular-posts-from-open-culture-in-2013.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (0) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-12522" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2010.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to The Best of Open Culture 2010"> The Best of Open Culture 2010 </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/random" rel="category tag">Random</a> </em> | December 29th, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-12522" class="post-12522 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-most_popular category-random"> <p>That’s it. We’re putting a wrap on 2010. We’ll hit the ground run­ning again on Mon­day. But, until then, we leave you with a handy list of our favorite and most pop­u­lar posts from 2010, all ordered in a rather ran­dom way. If you crave a lit­tle more Open Cul­ture good­ies, you can always browse through&nbsp;<a href="http://www.openculture.com/archive">our com­plete archive here</a>, and fol­low us on <a href="http://twitter.com/#!/openculture">Twit­ter</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.facebook.com/openculture">Face­book</a>, and <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/OpenCulture">RSS</a>. Hope you have a safe, hap­py and pros­per­ous New Year!</p> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/11/45_great_cultural_icons_revisited.html">45 Great Cul­tur­al Icons Revis­it­ed</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/01/richard_dawkins_on_the_awe_of_life_science.html">Richard Dawkins on the Awe of Life &amp; Sci­ence</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_illustrated_guide_to_a_phd.html">The Illus­trat­ed Guide to a Ph.D.</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/03/a_virtual_tour_of_the_sistine_chapel.html">A Vir­tu­al Tour of the Sis­tine Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/11/3_year_old_conducts_beethovens_5th_symphony_and_the_real_karajan.html">3 Year Old Kid &amp; Her­bert von Kara­jan Con­duct Beethoven’s 5th: Duel­ing Videos</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/03/mark_twain_captured_on_film_by_thomas_edison_1909.html">Mark Twain Cap­tured on Film by Thomas Edi­son (1909)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/12/philosophy_with_john_searle_three_free_courses.html">Phi­los­o­phy with John Sear­le: Three Free Cours­es</a> (added to col­lec­tion of <a href="http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses">Free Cours­es</a>)</li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/05/vintage_radio_huxley_narrates_brave_new_world.html">Down­load&nbsp;<em>Brave New World</em> for Free: Read by Aldous Hux­ley</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/11/the_last_days_of_leo_tolstoy_a_century_ago.html">The Last Days of Leo Tol­stoy: 100 Years Ago</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/12/my_blackberry_is_not_working.html">My Black­ber­ry is Not Work­ing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/01/rod_serling_where_do_ideas_come_from.html">Rod Ser­ling: Where Do Ideas Come From?</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/04/johnny_depp_reads_hunter_s_thompson.html">John­ny Depp Reads Let­ters from Hunter S. Thomp­son</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_paris_review_interviews_now_online.html"><em>The Paris Review</em> Inter­views Now Online</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/04/william_faulkner_reads_from_as_i_lay_dying.html">William Faulkn­er Reads from&nbsp;<em>As I Lay Dying</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/04/what_leonardo_da_vinci_really_looked_like.html">What Leonar­do da Vin­ci Real­ly Looked Like</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/08/harvard_presents_free_courses_with_its_open_learning_initiative.html">Har­vard Presents Free Cours­es with the Open Learn­ing Ini­tia­tive</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/10/net_positive_a_conversation_with_clay_shirky.html">Net Pos­i­tive: A Con­ver­sa­tion with Clay Shirky</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/01/modern_physics_a_complete_introduction.html">Mod­ern Physics: A Com­plete Intro­duc­tion</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/07/great_authors_and_actors_read_famous_literature_out_loud.html">20 Great Authors (and Actors) Read Famous Lit­er­a­ture Out Loud</a> (many in <a href="http://www.openculture.com/freeaudiobooks">Free Audio Books</a> col­lec­tion)</li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/05/alice_in_wonderland.html">Alice In Open­land</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/04/marshall_mcluhan_the_world_is_a_global_village_.html">Mar­shall McLuhan: The World is a Glob­al Vil­lage</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/11/frankenstein_on_the_silver_screen_1910.html">Franken­stein Hits the Sil­ver Screen (1910)</a> (added to col­lec­tion of <a href="http://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">Free Movies</a>)</li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/02/frank_lloyd_wrights_fallingwater_animated.html">Frank Lloyd Wright’s&nbsp;<em>Falling­wa­ter</em> Ani­mat­ed</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/free_textbooks">Where to Find Free Text­books</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/12/water_drop_filmed_in_10000_frames_per_second.html">Water Drop Filmed in 10,000 Frames Per Sec­ond</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/12/multiplication_the_japanese_way.html" rel="nofollow">Mul­ti­pli­ca­tion: The Vedic Way</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2016/10/stephen-fry-what-i-wish-i-knew-when-i-was-18.html">Stephen Fry: What I Wish I Had Known When I Was 18</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/07/tarkovksy.html">Tarkovsky Films Now Free Online</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/05/the_best_of_ken_loach_on_youtube.html">The Best of Ken Loach on YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/06/george_orwells_animal_farm_the_movie.html" rel="nofollow">George Orwell’s Ani­mal Farm: The Movie</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/11/books_savored_in_time_lapse_video.html">Books Savored in Stop Motion Film</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/12/aurora_borealis_over_norway_in_hd.html">Auro­ra Bore­alis over Nor­way in HD</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/06/platos_republic_in_clay.html">Plato’s Repub­lic … in Clay</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/10/dark_side_of_the_lens.html">Dark Side of the Lens</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/10/donald_duck_discovers_glenn_beck_a_remix.html">Don­ald Duck Dis­cov­ers Glenn Beck: A Remix</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/07/elvis_costello_sings_penny_lane_for_sir_paul.html">Elvis Costel­lo Sings “Pen­ny Lane” for Sir Paul</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/07/bbc_launches_world_music_archive.html">BBC Launch­es World Music Archive</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/09/puppet_making_with_jim_henson_a_primer.html">Pup­pet Mak­ing with Jim Hen­son: A Primer</a></li> </ul> <p>More to come Mon­day…</p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2010.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2010.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2010.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (0) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-12412" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/my_blackberry_is_not_working.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to My Blackberry Is Not Working!"> My Blackberry Is Not Working! </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/comedy" rel="category tag">Comedy</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/technology" rel="category tag">Technology</a> </em> | December 23rd, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-12412" class="post-12412 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-comedy category-most_popular category-technology"> <p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="480" height="295" codebase="https://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><param name="src" value="https://www.youtube.com/v/kAG39jKi0lI?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US&amp;rel=0&amp;hd=1"><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="480" height="295" src="https://www.youtube.com/v/kAG39jKi0lI?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US&amp;rel=0&amp;hd=1" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></object></p> <p>Clas­sic… This fruity sketch just aired on the BBC pro­gram <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00wyj62">The One Ron­nie</a>. Great work by Ron­nie Cor­bett and Har­ry Enfield.</p> <p><strong>Relat­ed Con­tent: </strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/05/conan_obrien_google.html">Conan O’Brien @ Google</a><br> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/the_monty_python_philosophy_football_match.html">The Mon­ty Python Phi­los­o­phy Foot­ball Match Revis­it­ed</a><br> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/01/father_guido_sarduccis_five_minute_university-2.html" rel="nofollow">Father Gui­do Sarducci’s Five Minute Uni­ver­si­ty</a></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/my_blackberry_is_not_working.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/my_blackberry_is_not_working.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/12/my_blackberry_is_not_working.html#comments">4</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (4) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-11696" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/11/45_great_cultural_icons_revisited.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to 45 Great Cultural Icons Revisited"> 45 Great Cultural Icons Revisited </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/art" rel="category tag">Art</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/literature" rel="category tag">Literature</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/philosophy" rel="category tag">Philosophy</a> </em> | November 21st, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-11696" class="post-11696 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-art category-literature category-most_popular category-philosophy"> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2.jpg"><img decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-11726 native-lazyload-js-fallback" title="picasso" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="260" height="195" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541.jpg 260w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541-150x113.jpg 150w" data-sizes="(max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-11726" title="picasso" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541.jpg" alt width="260" height="195" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541.jpg 260w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/picasso2-e1290416303541-150x113.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px"></noscript></a>It’s no secret. We love to high­light vin­tage video of cul­tur­al icons. This week­end, we showed you <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/11/the_last_days_of_leo_tolstoy_a_century_ago.html">the last days of Leo Tol­stoy</a> to com­mem­o­rate the cen­ten­ni­al&nbsp;of the great writer’s death, and you expressed your appre­ci­a­tion. And it led us to think: why not dig through our archive, and revive some of the great trea­sures pre­vi­ous­ly fea­tured on Open Cul­ture? And so here it goes: Below, you will find 45+ video &amp; audio clips that record the words and actions of major fig­ures from a bygone era. Artists, archi­tects, film­mak­ers, actors, poets, nov­el­ists, com­posers, musi­cians, world-chang­ing lead­ers, and those not eas­i­ly cat­e­go­rized – they’re all here. So close, you can almost touch them. Enjoy the list, and if we’re miss­ing some good clips, don’t hes­i­tate to <a href="https://www.openculture.com/contact">send them our way</a>…</p> <p><strong>Video</strong></p> <ol> <li><a href="Salvador Dali (and Other VIPs) on “What’s My Line?”" rel="nofollow">Sal­vador Dali (and Oth­er VIPs) on “What’s My Line?”</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/11/arthur_conan_doyle_discusses_sherlock_holmes_and_psychics_in_a_rare_filmed_interview_1927.html">Arthur Conan Doyle Recounts the Back­sto­ry to Sher­lock Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/03/orson_welles_final_moments.html">Orson Welles’ Final Moments</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/06/william_s_burroughs_shoots_shakespeare_.html">William S. Bur­roughs Shoots Shake­speare</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/08/borges_the_task_of_art.html">Borges: The Task of Art</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/05/jack_kerouac_and_gore_vidal_meet_william_f_buckley.html">Jack Ker­ouac Meets William F. Buck­ley (1968)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/ingmar_bergman_visits_dick_cavett_1971.html">Ing­mar Bergman Vis­its Dick Cavett, 1971</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/picasso_painting_on_glass.html">Picas­so Paint­ing on Glass</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/bernstein_breaks_down_beethoven.html">Leonard Bern­stein Breaks Down Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/record_making_with_duke_ellington_1937.html">Record Mak­ing With Duke Elling­ton (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/bertrand_russell_on_god.html">Bertrand Rus­sell on God</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/03/mark_twain_captured_on_film_by_thomas_edison_1909.html">Mark Twain Cap­tured on Film by Thomas Edi­son (1909)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/01/a_young_glenn_gould_plays_bach.html">A Young Glenn Gould Plays Bach</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/03/mark_twain_captured_on_film_by_thomas_edison_1909.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/01/rod_serling_where_do_ideas_come_from.html">Rod Ser­ling: Where Do Ideas Come From?</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/01/rod_serling_where_do_ideas_come_from.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/08/richard_feynman_fun_to_imagine.html">Richard Feyn­man: Fun to Imag­ine</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/rare_interview_with_alfred_hitchcock_now_online.html">Rare Inter­view with Alfred Hitch­cock Now Online</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2007/06/miles_and_coltrane_on_youtube_the_jazz_greats.html">Miles and Coltrane on YouTube: The Jazz Greats</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2007/06/miles_and_coltrane_on_youtube_the_jazz_greats.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2008/12/footage_of_nietzsches_final_days.html">Footage of Nietzsche’s Final Days</a> (May be bogus)</li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/samuel_beckett_speaks.html">Samuel Beck­ett Speaks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/samuel_beckett_speaks.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/hendrix_plays_sgt_peppers_lonely_hearts_club_band.html">Jimi Hen­drix Plays Sgt. Pep­per’s Lone­ly Hearts Club Band</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/hendrix_plays_sgt_peppers_lonely_hearts_club_band.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/django_go.html">Djan­go Rein­hardt at 100</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/django_go.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/07/pavarotti_sings_with_lou_reed_sting_james_brown_and_other_friends.html">When Pavarot­ti Met James Brown, the God­fa­ther of Soul</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/james_dean_and_ronald_reagan_clash_in_newly_discovered_video.html">James Dean and Ronald Rea­gan Clash in New­ly Dis­cov­ered Video</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/the_last_czar_1896.html">The Last Czar (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/08/leon_trotsky_in_mexico.html">Leon Trot­sky: Love, Death and Exile in Mex­i­co</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/revisiting_jfk_on_youtube.html">Revis­it­ing JFK on YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/10/watch-gandhi-talk-in-his-first-filmed-interview-1947.html">Mahat­ma Gand­hi Talks (in First Record­ed Video)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/malcolm_x_at_oxford_1964.html">Mal­colm X at Oxford, 1964</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/helen_keller_captured_on_video.html">Helen Keller Cap­tured on Video</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/anne_frank_the_only_existing_video_now_online.html">Anne Frank: The Only Exist­ing Video Now Online</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2008/04/rewind_the_videotape_mike_wallace_interviews_1950s_celebrities.html" rel="nofollow">Mike Wal­lace Inter­views 1950s Celebri­ties</a> (Frank Lloyd Wright, Pearl Buck, Sal­vador Dali, Rein­hold Niebuhr, Aldous Hux­ley, Erich Fromm, etc.)</li> </ol> <p><strong>Audio:</strong></p> <ol> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/11/tchaikovskys_voice_captured_on_an_edison_cylinder_1890.html">Tchaikovsky’s Voice Cap­tured on an Edi­son Cylin­der (1890)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/05/vintage_radio_huxley_narrates_brave_new_world.html">Aldous Hux­ley Nar­rates Brave New World</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/truman_capote_reads_from_breakfast_at_tiffanys.html">Tru­man Capote Reads from Break­fast at Tiffany’s</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/03/kurt_vonnegut_reads_from_slaughterhouse-five.html">Kurt Von­negut Reads from Slaugh­ter­house-Five</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/william_faulkner_audio_archive_goes_online.html">William Faulkn­er Audio Archive Goes Online</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/the_john_lennon_interviews.html">The John Lennon Inter­views</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2008/05/rare_recording_of_walt_whitman_reading.html">Rare Record­ing of Walt Whit­man Read­ing</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2008/05/rare_recording_of_walt_whitman_reading.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/virginia_woolf_her_voice_recaptured.html">Vir­ginia Woolf: Her Voice Recap­tured</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/virginia_woolf_her_voice_recaptured.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/11/ts_eliot_reads_the_wasteland.html">T.S. Eliot Reads The Waste Land</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/11/ts_eliot_reads_the_wasteland.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/ernest_hemingway_reads_in_harrys_bar_in_venice.html">Ernest Hem­ing­way Reads “In Harry’s Bar in Venice”</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/ernest_hemingway_reads_in_harrys_bar_in_venice.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/02/f_scott_fitzgerald_reads_shakespeare.html">F. Scott Fitzger­ald Reads Shake­speare</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/06/james_joyce_reading_from_finnegans_wake.html">James Joyce Read­ing from <em>Finnegans Wake</em></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/06/james_joyce_reading_from_finnegans_wake.html"><em></em></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2007/04/rare_ezra_pound.html">Rare Ezra Pound Record­ings Now Online</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2007/04/rare_ezra_pound.html"></a><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/05/william_carlos_williams_reads_his_poetry.html">William Car­los Williams Reads His Poet­ry (1954)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/11/interviews_with_schoenberg_and_bartk.html">Inter­views with Schoen­berg and Bartók</a></li> </ol> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/11/45_great_cultural_icons_revisited.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/11/45_great_cultural_icons_revisited.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/11/45_great_cultural_icons_revisited.html#comments">3</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (3) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-10781" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/74_free_banned_books_for_banned_books_week.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to 74 Free Banned Books (for Banned Books Week)"> 74 Free Banned Books (for Banned Books Week) </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/books" rel="category tag">Books</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/literature" rel="category tag">Literature</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a> </em> | October 1st, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-10781" class="post-10781 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-books category-literature category-most_popular"> <p><a href="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned.png"><img decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-10788 native-lazyload-js-fallback" title="banned" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="150" height="200" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned.png" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned.png 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned-113x150.png 113w" data-sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-10788" title="banned" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned.png" alt width="150" height="200" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned.png 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/banned-113x150.png 113w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px"></noscript></a>To com­mem­o­rate&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ala.org/ala/issuesadvocacy/banned/bannedbooksweek/index.cfm" rel="nofollow">Banned Books Week</a>, the always great&nbsp;Inter­net Archive has <a href="https://www.archive.org/details/bannedbooks">opened up access to 74 banned books</a>. The <a href="https://www.archive.org/details/bannedbooks">col­lec­tion</a> fea­tures some seri­ous pieces of lit­er­a­ture (James Joyce’s <em><a href="https://www.archive.org/details/ulysses04300gut">Ulysses</a>, </em>F. Scott Fitzger­ald’s <em><a href="https://www.archive.org/details/tenderisthenight030608mbp" rel="nofollow">Ten­der is the Night</a>, </em>Hux­ley’s <a href="https://www.archive.org/details/Book-AldousHuxley-BraveNewWorldPdf" rel="nofollow"><em>Brave New World</em></a>, etc.); some tra­di­tion­al chil­dren’s clas­sics (<em><a href="https://www.archive.org/details/winniethepooh01miln">Win­nie the Pooh</a></em>); and some sin­is­ter books of unques­tion­able his­tor­i­cal impor­tance (<em><a href="https://www.archive.org/details/meinkampf035176mbp">Mein Kampf</a></em>). These books can be down­loaded in mul­ti­ple dig­i­tal for­mats, includ­ing some­times ePub and Kin­dle for­mats. This gives you the abil­i­ty to read the the works on the <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B002Y27P3M?&amp;tag=openculture-20&amp;camp=212709&amp;creative=391577&amp;linkCode=ur1&amp;adid=0Q3QPHKXWH3Z6802NQP8">Kin­dle</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B002C7481G?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=openculture-20&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creativeASIN=B002C7481G">iPad</a>, <a href="https://gan.doubleclick.net/gan_click?lid=41000000032500486&amp;pubid=21000000000164638" rel="nofollow">Nook</a> and oth­er main­stream ebook read­ers. (See note below.) But the old fash­ioned com­put­er will also do the job.</p> <p>Cen­sor­ship remains a seri­ous prob­lem in the US and beyond. The Amer­i­can Library Asso­ci­a­tion record­ed 460 attempts in 2009 to restrict books in US schools and libraries. But they esti­mate that this rep­re­sents only 20–25% of actu­al attempts to cen­sor. All of this cen­sor­ship is neat­ly (and rather specif­i­cal­ly) <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&amp;hl=en&amp;oe=UTF8&amp;source=embed&amp;t=h&amp;msa=0&amp;msid=112317617303679724608.00047051ed493efec0bb8&amp;ll=38.68551,-96.503906&amp;spn=32.757579,56.25&amp;z=4">tracked on Google Maps</a>.</p> <p>NOTE: Please see our pre­vi­ous post describ­ing <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/reading_free_books_on_the_kindle.html">how to add files to the Kin­dle</a>. Mean­while <a href="https://www.anypdftools.com/ebook-reading/how-to-transfer-local-ebooks-to-ipad.html">this page describes how to trans­fer ePub files to the iPad</a>.</p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/74_free_banned_books_for_banned_books_week.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/74_free_banned_books_for_banned_books_week.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/10/74_free_banned_books_for_banned_books_week.html#comments">15</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (15) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-10363" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_illustrated_guide_to_a_phd.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to The Illustrated Guide to a Ph.D."> The Illustrated Guide to a Ph.D. </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/education" rel="category tag">Education</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a> </em> | September 13th, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-10363" class="post-10363 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-education category-most_popular"> <p><a href="https://matt.might.net/">Matthew Might</a>, a com­put­er sci­ence pro­fes­sor at the Uni­ver­si­ty of Utah, writes: “Every fall, I explain to a fresh batch of Ph.D. stu­dents what a Ph.D. is. It’s hard to describe it in words. So, I use pic­tures.” Here it goes. Mat­t’s&nbsp;<a href="https://matt.might.net/articles/phd-school-in-pictures/">Illus­trat­ed Guide</a>:</p> <p>Imag­ine a cir­cle that con­tains all of human knowl­edge:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.001.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.001.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>By the time you fin­ish ele­men­tary school, you know a lit­tle:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.002.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.002.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>By the time you fin­ish high school, you know a bit more:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.003.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.003.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>With a bach­e­lor’s degree, you gain a spe­cial­ty:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.004.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.004.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>A mas­ter’s degree deep­ens that spe­cial­ty:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.005.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.005.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>Read­ing research papers takes you to the edge of human knowl­edge:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.006.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.006.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>Once you’re at the bound­ary, you focus:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.007.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.007.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>You push at the bound­ary for a few years:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.008.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.008.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>Until one day, the bound­ary gives way:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.009.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.009.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>And, that dent you’ve made is called a Ph.D.:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.010.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.010.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>Of course, the world looks dif­fer­ent to you now:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.011.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.011.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>So, don’t for­get the big­ger pic­ture:</p> <div class="graphic"><img decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" width="440" loading="lazy" class="native-lazyload-js-fallback" data-src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.012.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" alt src="https://www.openculture.com/images/PhDKnowledge.012.jpg" width="440"></noscript></div> <p>Keep push­ing.</p> <p><em>You can find Mat­t’s </em><a href="https://matt.might.net/articles/phd-school-in-pictures/"><em>Illus­trat­ed Guide host­ed on his web site</em></a><em>. This guide/reality check is pub­lished under a Cre­ative Com­mons License. You can also</em><em> <a href="https://www.magcloud.com/browse/Issue/105539">buy a print ver­sion for </a></em><em><a href="https://www.magcloud.com/browse/Issue/105539">$6.50</a></em><em>. (The mon­ey goes to char­i­ty.) Matt offers more insights for Ph.D. stu­dents </em><a href="https://matt.might.net/articles/"><em>here</em></a><em>. </em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_illustrated_guide_to_a_phd.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_illustrated_guide_to_a_phd.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/09/the_illustrated_guide_to_a_phd.html#comments">40</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (40) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-9443" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/tarkovksy.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Watch Andrei Tarkovsky’s Films Free Online: <i>Stalker</i>, <i>The Mirror</i> &amp; <i>Andrei Rublev</i>"> Watch Andrei Tarkovsky’s Films Free Online: <i>Stalker</i>, <i>The Mirror</i> &amp; <i>Andrei Rublev</i> </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/film" rel="category tag">Film</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a> </em> | July 13th, 2010 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-9443" class="post-9443 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-film category-most_popular"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Q3hBLv-HLEc?wmode=transparent&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en&amp;showsearch=0&amp;rel=0&amp;theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p> <!-- /oc-video-embed --> </p></div> <p><!-- /oc-video-wrapper --></p> <p>The stench of Vladimir Putin and his inva­sion of Ukraine should­n’t taint every­thing Russ­ian, espe­cial­ly some of its finest cin­e­ma. So we’ll give you this heads up: Mos­film, the largest and old­est film stu­dio in Rus­sia, has post­ed sev­er­al major films by Andrei Tarkovsky (1932–1986), on its <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7EqAsBxqGgjarBzACNmCNDdr0y0iFu8U">offi­cial YouTube channe</a>l. Above, you can watch <em>Stalk­er</em>, which <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=stalker+openculture.com&amp;oq=stalker+openculture.com&amp;aqs=chrome..69i57j69i60.4587j0j7&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8">we’ve cov­ered amply here on Open Cul­ture</a>. Below, stream <em>The Mir­ror</em>, <em>Andrei Rublev</em>, and <em>Ivan’s Child­hood.</em></p> <p><strong>The Mir­ror</strong></p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/NrMINC5xjMs?wmode=transparent&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en&amp;showsearch=0&amp;rel=0&amp;theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p> <!-- /oc-video-embed --> </p></div> <p><!-- /oc-video-wrapper --></p> <p><strong>Andrei Rublev</strong></p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/je75FDjcUP4?wmode=transparent&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en&amp;showsearch=0&amp;rel=0&amp;theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p> <!-- /oc-video-embed --> </p></div> <p><!-- /oc-video-wrapper --></p> <p><strong>Solaris</strong></p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Z8ZhQPaw4rE?wmode=transparent&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en&amp;showsearch=0&amp;rel=0&amp;theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p> <!-- /oc-video-embed --> </p></div> <p><!-- /oc-video-wrapper --><br> <strong>Ivan’s Child­hood</strong></p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/6Lnb1bI0VIk?wmode=transparent&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en&amp;showsearch=0&amp;rel=0&amp;theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p> <!-- /oc-video-embed --> </p></div> <p><!-- /oc-video-wrapper --></p> <p><em>If you would like to sign up for Open Culture’s free email newslet­ter,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.openculture.com/newsletter-signup">please find it here</a>. It’s a great way to see our new posts, all bun­dled in one email, each day.</em></p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you would like to sup­port the mis­sion of Open Cul­ture, con­sid­er <a href="https://bit.ly/3EBHjtX">mak­ing&nbsp;a dona­tion to our site</a>. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your <a href="https://bit.ly/3EBHjtX">con­tri­bu­tions</a> will help us con­tin­ue pro­vid­ing the best free cul­tur­al and edu­ca­tion­al mate­ri­als to learn­ers every­where. You can con­tribute through <a href="https://www.openculture.com/help-fund-open-culture">Pay­Pal</a>, <a href="https://bit.ly/3eB2GRB">Patre­on</a>, and Ven­mo (@openculture). Thanks!</span></i><i></i></p> <p><strong>Relat­ed Con­tent:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/the-masterful-polaroid-pictures-taken-by-filmmaker-andrei-tarkovsky.html">The Mas­ter­ful Polaroid Pic­tures Tak­en by Film­mak­er Andrei Tarkovsky</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/01/tarkovskys_advice_to_young_filmmakers.html">Tarkovsky’s Advice to Young Film­mak­ers: Sac­ri­fice Your­self for Cin­e­ma</a></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Andrei Tarkovsky Calls Kubrick’s <i>2001: A Space Odyssey</i> a “Phony” Film “With Only Pretensions to Truth”" href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/07/andrei-tarkovsky-calls-kubricks-2001-a-space-odyssey-a-phony-film-with-only-pretensions-to-truth.html" rel="bookmark">Andrei Tarkovsky Calls Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey a “Pho­ny” Film “With Only Pre­ten­sions to Truth</a>”</p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Slavoj Žižek Explains the Artistry of Andrei Tarkovsky’s Films: <i>Solaris</i>, <i>Stalker</i> &amp; More" href="https://www.openculture.com/2016/06/slavoj-zizek-breaks-down-the-artistry-of-andrei-tarkovskys-films.html" rel="bookmark">Slavoj Žižek Explains the Artistry of Andrei Tarkovsky’s Films: Solaris, Stalk­er &amp; More</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2024/04/watch-stalker-andrei-tarkovskys-mind-bending-masterpiece-free.html">Watch <em>Stalk­er</em>, Andrei Tarkovsky’s Mind-Bend­ing Mas­ter­piece Free Online</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/01/andrei-tarkovskys-masterpiece-stalker-gets-adapted-into-a-video-game.html">Andrei Tarkovsky’s Mas­ter­piece Stalk­er Gets Adapt­ed into a Video Game</a></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/tarkovksy.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/tarkovksy.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/07/tarkovksy.html#comments">110</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (110) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-6516" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2009.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to The Best of Open Culture 2009"> The Best of Open Culture 2009 </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular" rel="category tag">Most Popular</a> </em> | December 29th, 2009 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- New text links --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-6516" class="post-6516 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-most_popular"> <p>Could­n’t let you down. Could­n’t let the year end with­out giv­ing you a “best of” list. So here it goes. A pure­ly sub­jec­tive list. 25 items. Some edu­ca­tion­al; some a lit­tle more enter­tain­ing; some pop­u­lar, etc. I hope you enjoy, and you can always search through <a href="https://www.openculture.com/archive">our com­plete archive here</a>. Thanks all, and best wish­es in ’10.</p> <ul> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/10_power_tools_for_lifelong_learners.html">10 Pow­er Tools for Life­long Learn­ers</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">Big List of Free Movies</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/09/how_a_bach_canon_works.html">How a Bach Canon Works. Bril­liant.</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/09/every_ted_talk_under_the_sun.html">Every TED Talk Under the Sun</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/top_ten_reasons_why_the_kindle_wont_be_an_ipod_for_books.html">Top Ten Rea­sons Why the Kin­dle Won’t Be an iPod for Books</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/top_ten_reasons_why_the_kindle_wont_be_an_ipod_for_books.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/the_bayeux_tapestry_animated.html">The Bayeux Tapes­try Ani­mat­ed</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/the_bayeux_tapestry_animated.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/anne_frank_the_only_existing_video_now_online.html">Anne Frank: The Only Exist­ing Video Now Online</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/10/anne_frank_the_only_existing_video_now_online.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/09/the_old_man_the_sea_animated.html">The Old Man &amp; The Sea Ani­mat­ed</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/intelligentvideo">Intel­li­gent Video: The Top Cul­tur­al &amp; Edu­ca­tion­al Video Sites</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/intelligentvideo"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">Free Movies Online: Great Clas­sics, Indies, Film Noir, Doc­u­men­taries &amp; More</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/free_ebooks_for_your_pc_iphone_kindle_beyond.html">Free eBooks for Your PC, iPhone, Kin­dle &amp; Beyond</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/07/ira_glass_on_why_creative_excellence_takes_time.html">Ira Glass on Why Cre­ative Excel­lence Takes Time</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/06/james_joyce_reading_from_finnegans_wake.html">James Joyce Read­ing from Finnegans Wake</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/04/learning_physics_through_open_courses.html">Learn­ing Physics Through Free Online Cours­es</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/02/steve_jobs_demos_the_first_macintosh_in_1984.html">Steve Jobs Demos the First Mac­in­tosh in 1984</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/11/tchaikovskys_voice_captured_on_an_edison_cylinder_1890.html">Tchaikovsky’s Voice Cap­tured on an Edi­son Cylin­der (1890)</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/helen_keller_captured_on_video.html">Helen Keller Cap­tured on Video</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/08/helen_keller_captured_on_video.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/07/the_ancient_history_learning_guide.html">The Ancient His­to­ry Learn­ing Guide</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/07/the_ancient_history_learning_guide.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/07/bill_gates_puts_richard_feynman_lectures_online_.html">Bill Gates Puts Richard Feyn­man Lec­tures Online</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/03/sita_sings_the_blues.html">Sita Sings the Blues: Share It, Remix It</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/07/bill_gates_puts_richard_feynman_lectures_online_.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/06/bike_tricks_courtesy_of_thomas_edison.html">Bike Tricks Cour­tesy of Thomas Edi­son</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/06/bike_tricks_courtesy_of_thomas_edison.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/02/blogs_podcasts_for_the_economic_crisis.html">Blogs &amp; Pod­casts for the Finan­cial Cri­sis</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/02/blogs_podcasts_for_the_economic_crisis.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/02/google_puts_free_books_on_your_mobile_phone.html">Google Puts Free Books on Your Mobile Phone</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/02/google_puts_free_books_on_your_mobile_phone.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/01/when_stand_by_me_travels_around_the_world.html">When “Stand By Me” Trav­els Around the World</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: underline; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/01/when_stand_by_me_travels_around_the_world.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/01/the_history_of_the_internet_in_8_minutes.html">The His­to­ry of the Inter­net in 8 Min­utes</a></li> <li><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/01/the_history_of_the_internet_in_8_minutes.html"></a><a style="color: #366884; text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/student_brings_typewriter_to_class.html">Dis­rup­tive Tech­nol­o­gy: Stu­dent Brings Type­writer to Class</a></li> </ul> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2009.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2009.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2009/12/the_best_of_open_culture_2009.html#comments">1</a> ) | </p> <!-- Comments (1) </p>--> <!-- google_ad_section_end --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cleared"></div> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/most_popular/page/2" >More in this category... &raquo;</a> </div> <!--contenttitle --> <div class="middle_sidebar"> <ul id="middle_sidebarwidgeted"> <li id="execphp-431254483" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Essentials</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses">1,700 Free Online Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-certificate-programs">200 Online Certificate Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-degrees">100+ Online Degree & Mini-Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">1,150 Free Movies</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeaudiobooks">1,000 Free Audio Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/great-podcasts">150+ Best Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_ebooks">800 Free eBooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_textbooks">200 Free Textbooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freelanguagelessons">300 Free Language Lessons</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/business_free_courses">150 Free Business Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources">Free K-12 Education</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/dailyemail">Get Our Daily Email</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254506" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Support Us</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox noborder"> <br> We're hoping to rely on loyal readers, rather than erratic ads. 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Eliot Reads Waste Land</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/hear_sylvia_plath_read_fifteen_poems_from_her_final_collection_ariel_in_1962_recording.html">Sylvia Plath - Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/06/on_bloomsday_hear_james_joyce_read_from_his_epic_iulyssesi_1924.html">Joyce Reads Ulysses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/02/james_joyce_reads_anna_livia_plurabelle_from_ifinnegans_wakei.html">Joyce - Finnegans Wake</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/01/watch_patti_smith_read_from_virginia_woolf_and_hear_the_only_surviving_recording_of_woolfs_voice.html">Patti Smith Reads Virginia Woolf</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/listen_as_albert_einstein_reads_the_common_language_of_science_1941.html">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/charles-bukowski-poem-read-by-bukowski-tom-waits-and-bono.html">Charles Bukowski</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/bill-murray-reads-poetry-by-billy-collins-cole-porter-and-sarah-manguso.html">Bill Murray</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/ernest_hemingway_reads_in_harrys_bar_in_venice.html">Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/f_scott_fitzgerald_reads_from_shakespeares_iothelloi_and_john_masefields_on_growing_old_c1940.html">Fitzgerald Reads Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/william_faulkner_reads_from_as_i_lay_dying.html">William Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/05/rare_1959_audio_flannery_oconnor_reads_a_good_man_is_hard_to_find.html">Flannery O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/j-r-r-tolkien-reads-from-the-two-towers-the-second-book-of-the-lord-of-the-rings-trilogy.html">Tolkien - The Hobbit</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/allen_ginsberg_reads_his_beat_classic_poem_howl.html">Allen Ginsberg - Howl</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/rare_1930s_audio_wb_yeats_reads_four_of_his_poems.html">W.B Yeats</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/10/ezra_pounds_fiery_1939_reading_of_his_early_poem_isestina_altafortei.html">Ezra Pound</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/08/dylan_thomas_recites_do_not_go_gentle_into_that_good_night_and_other_poems.html">Dylan Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/anne_sexton_confessional_poet_reads_wanting_to_die_in_ominous_1966_video.html">Anne Sexton</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/06/john-cheever-reads-the-swimmer.html">John Cheever</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/hear-david-foster-wallace-read-his-own-essays-and-short-fiction.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254484" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Book Lists By</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2011/12/neil_degrasse_tyson_8_books_every_intelligent_person_should_read.html">Neil deGrasse Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/ernest_hemingways_reading_list_for_a_young_writer_1934.html">Ernest Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/f-scott-fitzgerald-creates-a-list-of-22-essential-books-1936.html">F. Scott Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/patti-smiths-list-of-favorite-books.html">Patti Smith</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/08/brian-eno-book-lists.html">Brian Eno</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/henry-miller-makes-a-list-of-the-100-books-that-influenced-me-most.html">Henry Miller</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/christopher_hitchens_creates_a_reading_list_for_eight-year-old_girl.html">Christopher Hitchens</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/11/joseph-brodskys-reading-list-for-having-an-intelligent-conversation.html">Joseph Brodsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">W.H. Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/07/carl_sagans_undergrad_reading_list_from_plato_and_shakespeare_to_huxley_and_gide.html">Carl Sagan</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/10/david-bowies-list-of-top-100-books.html">David Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/the-books-samuel-beckett-really-liked.html">Samuel Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/art-garfunkel-lists-1195-books.html">Art Garfunkel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/the-430-books-in-marilyn-monroes-library.html">Marilyn Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/jorge-luis-borges-personal-library.html">Jorge Luis Borges</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/74-books-curated-by-female-creatives.html">Picks by Female Creatives</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li><li id="execphp-431254513" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254490" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Syllabi</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">WH Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/david_foster_wallaces_1994_syllabus.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/zadie-smith-and-gary-shteyngarts-syllabi-from-columbia-university.html">Zadie Smith & Gary Shteyngart</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/spike-lee-shares-his-nyu-teaching-list-of-87-essential-films-every-aspiring-director-should-see.html">Spike Lee</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/11/lynda-barrys-wonderfully-illustrated-syllabus-homework-assignments-from-her-uw-madison-class-the-unthinkable-mind.html">Lynda Barry</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/02/junot-diazs-syllabi-for-his-mit-writing-classes.html">Junot Diaz</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254491" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Favorite Movies</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/stanley-kubricks-list-of-top-ten-films.html">Kubrick</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/01/akira-kurosawas-list-of-his-100-favorite-movies.html">Kurosawa's 100</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/quentin-tarantino-lists-the-12-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Tarantino</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/martin-scorsese-reveals-his-10-favorite-movies.html">Scorsese</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/08/andrei-tarkovsky-creates-a-list-of-his-10-favorite-films-1972.html">Tarkovsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/09/david-lynch-on-his-favorite-directors-including-fellini-wilder-tati-and-hitchcock.html">David Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/05/werner-herzog-picks-his-5-favorite-films.html">Werner Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/woody-allen-lists-the-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Woody Allen</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/03/wes-andersons-favorite-films.html">Wes Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/05/the-10-favorite-films-of-avant-garde-surrealist-filmmaker-luis-bunuel-including-his-own-collaboration-with-salvador-dali.html">Luis Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/07/roger-eberts-final-list-of-his-top-10-favorite-films-2012.html">Roger Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/susan-sontags-50-favorite-films.html">Susan Sontag</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/scorseses-list-of-39-essential-foreign-films.html">Scorsese Foreign Films</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/44-essential-movies-for-the-student-of-philosophy.html">Philosophy Films</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="archives-3" class="widget widget_archive"><h2 class="widgettitle">Archives</h2> <ul> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2025/03'>March 2025</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2025/02'>February 2025</a></li> <li><a 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