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class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Themes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soundtrack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soundtrack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Soundtrack </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soundtrack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Critical response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_nominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_nominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Awards and nominations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_nominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musical_adaptation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musical_adaptation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Musical adaptation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musical_adaptation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">8½</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" > 52 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85)" title="8½ (فيلم) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="8½ (فيلم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99kkiz_yar%C4%B1m_(film,_1963)" title="Səkkiz yarım (film, 1963) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səkkiz yarım (film, 1963)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B2_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%8C_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B6%DB%B3)" title="سککیز یاریم (فیلم، ۱۹۶۳) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سککیز یاریم (فیلم، ۱۹۶۳)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%8F_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B" title="অত্তো এ মেজ্জো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অত্তো এ মেজ্জো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Восем з паловай – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Восем з паловай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellini_8_%C2%BD" title="Fellini 8 ½ – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fellini 8 ½" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osm_a_p%C5%AFl" title="Osm a půl – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Osm a půl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achteinhalb" title="Achteinhalb – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Achteinhalb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD_(%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="8½ (ταινία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="8½ (ταινία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="هشت‌ونیم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هشت‌ونیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huit_et_demi" title="Huit et demi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Huit et demi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellini_8%C2%BD" title="Fellini 8½ – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fellini 8½" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%EA%B3%BC_1/2" title="8과 1/2 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="8과 1/2" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%A9_%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%BD" title="Ութ ու կես – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ութ ու կես" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99" title="שמונה וחצי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שמונה וחצי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="რვანახევარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რვანახევარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asto%C5%86arpus" title="Astoņarpus – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Astoņarpus" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_%C2%BD_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC)" title="8 ½ (филм) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="8 ½ (филм)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_1/2" title="8 1/2 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="8 1/2" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Восемь с половиной – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Восемь с половиной" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osem_in_pol" title="Osem in pol – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osem in pol" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE" title="Осам и по – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Осам и по" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_%C2%BD" title="8 ½ – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="8 ½" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD_(%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" title="8½ (திரைப்படம்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="8½ (திரைப்படம்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E" title="Вісім з половиною – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вісім з половиною" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/8%C2%BD" title="8½ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="8½" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8%E5%8D%8A" title="八部半 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="八部半" 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searchaux" style="display:none">1963 film by Federico Fellini</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For window system developed for the Plan 9, see <a href="/wiki/8%C2%BD_(Plan_9)" class="mw-redirect" title="8½ (Plan 9)">8½ (Plan 9)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">8½</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:8Mezzo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/46/8Mezzo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="302" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Federico Fellini</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Pinelli" title="Tullio Pinelli">Tullio Pinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Flaiano" title="Ennio Flaiano">Ennio Flaiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunello_Rondi" title="Brunello Rondi">Brunello Rondi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Story by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Federico Fellini</li> <li>Ennio Flaiano</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Rizzoli" title="Angelo Rizzoli">Angelo Rizzoli</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milo" title="Sandra Milo">Sandra Milo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Di_Venanzo" title="Gianni Di Venanzo">Gianni Di Venanzo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Catozzo" title="Leo Catozzo">Leo Catozzo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production companies</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cineriz" title="Cineriz">Cineriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francinex" title="Francinex">Francinex</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Cineriz (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Films S.A.</a> (France)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release dates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>2 January 1963 (1963-01-02) (<a href="/wiki/Acapulco_Film_Festival" title="Acapulco Film Festival">Acapulco</a>)</li> <li>13 February 1963 (1963-02-13) (Italy)</li> <li>29 May 1963 (1963-05-29) (France)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">138 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Italy</li> <li>France<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">Italian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$3.5 million (US/Canada <a href="/wiki/Distributor_rental" class="mw-redirect" title="Distributor rental">rentals</a>)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 8½ (Italian: Otto e mezzo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈɔtto e mˈmɛddzo]</a>) is a 1963 <a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">comedy drama</a> film co-written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Metafictional" class="mw-redirect" title="Metafictional">metafictional</a> narrative centers on Guido Anselmi (<a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a>), a famous Italian film director who suffers from stifled creativity as he attempts to direct an epic science fiction film. <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milo" title="Sandra Milo">Sandra Milo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rossella_Falk" title="Rossella Falk">Rossella Falk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Steele" title="Barbara Steele">Barbara Steele</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eddra_Gale" title="Eddra Gale">Eddra Gale</a> portray the various women in Guido's life. The film was shot in black and white by cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Gianni_Di_Venanzo" title="Gianni Di Venanzo">Gianni Di Venanzo</a> and features a score by <a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a>, with costume and set designs by <a href="/wiki/Piero_Gherardi" title="Piero Gherardi">Piero Gherardi</a>. 8½ was critically acclaimed and won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Best Costume Design</a> (black-and-white). It is acknowledged as an <a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">avant-garde</a> film<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> and a highly influential classic. It was ranked 10th on the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Sight_%26_Sound_Greatest_Films_of_All_Time_2012" title="The Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time 2012">The Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time 2012</a> critics' poll and 4th by directors.<a href="#cite_note-bfi2012-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-BFI_Directors'_Top_Ten_Poll-5">[5]</a> It is included in the Vatican's compilation of <a href="/wiki/Vatican%27s_list_of_films" title="Vatican's list of films">45 important films</a> made before 1995, the 100th anniversary of cinema.<a href="#cite_note-Vatican_Best_Films_List-6">[6]</a> The film ranked 7th in <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s 2018 list of The 100 Greatest Foreign Language Films voted by 209 film critics from 43 countries around the world.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> It was included on the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Cultural_Heritage_and_Activities_and_Tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism">Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage</a>'s <a href="/wiki/100_film_italiani_da_salvare" class="mw-redirect" title="100 film italiani da salvare">100 Italian films to be saved</a>, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978".<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> It is considered to be one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best" class="mw-redirect" title="List of films considered the best">greatest and most influential films of all time</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a>]</div> Guido Anselmi, a famous Italian film director, is suffering from "<a href="/wiki/Writer%27s_block" title="Writer's block">director's block</a>". Stalled on his new <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction film</a> that includes <a href="/wiki/Semi-autobiographical" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-autobiographical">thinly veiled autobiographical</a> references, he has lost interest amidst artistic and marital difficulties. While attempting to recover from his anxieties at a luxurious spa, Guido hires a well-known critic to review his ideas for his film, but the critic blasts them. Guido has recurring visions of an Ideal Woman, whom he sees as key to his story. His mistress Carla comes to visit him, but Guido puts her in a separate hotel. The film production crew relocates to Guido's hotel in an unsuccessful attempt to get him to work on the film. Guido admits to a cardinal that he is not happy. The cardinal offers little insight. Guido invites his estranged wife Luisa and her friends to join him. They dance, but Guido abandons her for his production crew. Guido confesses to his wife's best friend Rosella that he wanted to make a film that was pure and honest, but he is struggling with something honest to say. Carla surprises Guido, Luisa, and Rosella outside the hotel, and Guido claims that he and Carla ended their affair years earlier. Luisa and Rosella call him on the lie, and Guido slips into a fantasy world where he lords over a harem of women from his life, but a rejected showgirl starts a rebellion. The fantasy women attack Guido with harsh truths about himself and his sex life. When Luisa sees how bitterly Guido represents her in the film, she declares that their marriage is over. Guido's Ideal Woman arrives in the form of an actress named Claudia. Guido explains that his film is about a burned-out man who finds salvation in this Ideal Woman. Claudia concludes that the protagonist is unsympathetic because he is incapable of love. Broken, Guido calls off the film, but the producer and the film's staff announce a press conference. Guido attempts to escape from the journalists and eventually imagines shooting himself in the head. Guido realizes he was attempting to solve his personal confusion by creating a film to help others, when instead he needs to accept his life for what it is. He asks Luisa for her assistance in doing so. Carla tells him that she figured out what he was trying to say: that Guido cannot do without the people in his life. The men and women hold hands and walk briskly around the circle with Guido and Luisa joining them last. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;min-width: min(25em, 100%);"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> as Guido Anselmi, a film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> as Claudia, a film star Guido casts as his Ideal Woman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a> as Luisa Anselmi, Guido's estranged wife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milo" title="Sandra Milo">Sandra Milo</a> as Carla, Guido's mistress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossella_Falk" title="Rossella Falk">Rossella Falk</a> as Rossella, Luisa's best friend and Guido's confidante</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Steele" title="Barbara Steele">Barbara Steele</a> as Gloria Morin, Mezzabotta's new young girlfriend</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Lebeau" title="Madeleine Lebeau">Madeleine Lebeau</a> as Madeleine, a French actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterina_Boratto" title="Caterina Boratto">Caterina Boratto</a> as a mysterious lady in the hotel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddra_Gale" title="Eddra Gale">Eddra Gale</a> as La Saraghina, a prostitute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Alberti" title="Guido Alberti">Guido Alberti</a> as Pace, a film producer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mario_Conocchia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mario Conocchia (page does not exist)">Mario Conocchia</a> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Conocchia" class="extiw" title="it:Mario Conocchia">it</a>] as a fictionalized version of himself, Guido's production assistant</li> <li>Bruno Agostini as a fictionalized version of himself, the production director</li> <li>Cesarino Miceli Picardi as a fictionalized version of himself, the production supervisor</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Rougeul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Rougeul (page does not exist)">Jean Rougeul</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rougeul" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean Rougeul">fr</a>] as Carini Daumier, a film critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Pisu" title="Mario Pisu">Mario Pisu</a> as Mario Mezzabotta, Guido's friend</li> <li>Yvonne Casadei as Jacqueline Bonbon, a former cabaret dancer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdalqadir_as-Sufi" title="Abdalqadir as-Sufi">Ian Dallas</a> as Maurice, Maya's assistant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mino_Doro" title="Mino Doro">Mino Doro</a> as Alberto, Claudia's agent</li> <li>Nadia Sanders as Nadine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edy_Vessel" title="Edy Vessel">Edy Vessel</a> as a mannequin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Walter" title="Eugene Walter">Eugene Walter</a> as an American journalist</li> <li>Mary Indovino as Maya, the clairvoyant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuditta_Rissone" title="Giuditta Rissone">Giuditta Rissone</a> as Guido's mother</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annibale_Ninchi" title="Annibale Ninchi">Annibale Ninchi</a> as Guido's father</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpia_Cavalli" title="Olimpia Cavalli">Olimpia Cavalli</a> as Olimpia (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Guillaume" title="Ferdinand Guillaume">Ferdinand Guillaume</a> as the clown (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Antonietta_Beluzzi" title="Maria Antonietta Beluzzi">Maria Antonietta Beluzzi</a> as a prostitute (uncredited)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes">Themes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Themes">edit</a>]</div> 8½ is about the struggles involved in the creative process, both technical and personal, and the problems artists face when expected to deliver something personal and profound with intense public scrutiny, on a constricted schedule, while simultaneously having to deal with their own personal relationships. It is, in a larger sense, about the search for meaning within a difficult, fragmented life. Like several Italian films of the period (most evident in the films of Fellini's contemporary, <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a>), 8½ also is about the alienating effects of <a href="/wiki/Modernization_theory" title="Modernization theory">modernization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> At this point, Fellini had directed six feature films: <a href="/wiki/The_White_Sheik" title="The White Sheik">Lo sceicco bianco</a> (1952), <a href="/wiki/I_Vitelloni" title="I Vitelloni">I Vitelloni</a> (1953), <a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">La Strada</a> (1954), <a href="/wiki/Il_bidone" title="Il bidone">Il bidone</a> (1955), <a href="/wiki/Nights_of_Cabiria" title="Nights of Cabiria">Le notti di Cabiria</a> (1957), and <a href="/wiki/La_Dolce_Vita" class="mw-redirect" title="La Dolce Vita">La Dolce Vita</a> (1960). He had co-directed <a href="/wiki/Variety_Lights" title="Variety Lights">Luci del varietà</a> (Variety Lights) (1950) with <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Lattuada" title="Alberto Lattuada">Alberto Lattuada</a>, and had directed two short segments, Un'Agenzia Matrimoniale (A Marriage Agency) in the <a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">omnibus film</a> <a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_City_(1953_film)" title="Love in the City (1953 film)">L'amore in città</a> (Love in the City) (1953) and Le Tentazioni del Dottor Antonio from the omnibus film <a href="/wiki/Boccaccio_%2770" title="Boccaccio '70">Boccaccio '70</a> (1962). The title is in keeping with Fellini's self-reflexive theme: by his count it was his eighth-and-a-half film.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> The working title for 8½ was La bella confusione (The Beautiful Confusion) proposed by co-screenwriter, <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Flaiano" title="Ennio Flaiano">Ennio Flaiano</a>, but Fellini then "had the simpler idea (which proved entirely wrong) to call it Comedy".<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> According to Italian writer <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Arbasino" title="Alberto Arbasino">Alberto Arbasino</a>, 8½ used techniques similar to, and has parallels with, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Robert Musil</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Man_Without_Qualities" title="The Man Without Qualities">The Man Without Qualities</a> (1930).<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The film is unusual in that it is a film about making a film, and the film that is being made is the film that the audience is viewing. An example is the dream sequence of "Guido's Harem" where Guido is bathed and carried in white linen by all the women from the film, only to have the women protest for being sent to live upstairs in the house when they turn 30, and "Jacquilene Bonbon" does her last dance. The Guido's Harem scene is immediately followed by the "Screen Test" depicting the same actors in a theater, each taking the stage for a screen test, being chosen to act for the very scene the audience just watched. This mirror of mirrors is further emphasized at the end where the director Guido sits at the table of the press conference, where the entire table is a mirror reflecting the director in it. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg/220px-Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg/330px-Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg/440px-Marcello_Mastroianni_in_8%C2%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> as Guido Anselmi</figcaption></figure> In an October 1960 letter to his colleague Brunello Rondi, Fellini first outlined his film ideas about a man suffering from a creative block: "Well then—a guy (a writer? any kind of professional man? a theatrical producer?) has to interrupt the usual rhythm of his life for two weeks because of a not-too-serious disease. It's a warning bell: something is blocking up his system."<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Unclear about the script, its title, and his protagonist's profession, he scouted locations throughout Italy "looking for the film"<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> in the hope of resolving his confusion. Flaiano suggested La bella confusione (literally The Beautiful Confusion) as the film's title. Under pressure from his producers, Fellini finally settled on 8½, a <a href="/wiki/Self-reference" title="Self-reference">self-referential</a> title referring principally (but not exclusively)<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> to the number of films he had directed up to that time. Giving the order to start production in spring 1962, Fellini signed deals with his producer Rizzoli, fixed dates, had sets constructed, cast Mastroianni, <a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milo" title="Sandra Milo">Sandra Milo</a> in lead roles, and did screen tests at the Scalera Studios in Rome. He hired <a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">cinematographer</a> <a href="/wiki/Gianni_Di_Venanzo" title="Gianni Di Venanzo">Gianni Di Venanzo</a>, among key personnel. But apart from naming his hero Guido Anselmi, he still could not decide what his character did for a living.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The crisis came to a head in April when, sitting in his Cinecittà office, he began a letter to Rizzoli confessing he had "lost his film" and had to abandon the project. Interrupted by the chief machinist requesting he celebrate the launch of 8½, Fellini put aside the letter and went on the set. Raising a toast to the crew, he "felt overwhelmed by shame... I was in a no exit situation. I was a director who wanted to make a film he no longer remembers. And lo and behold, at that very moment everything fell into place. I got straight to the heart of the film. I would narrate everything that had been happening to me. I would make a film telling the story of a director who no longer knows what film he wanted to make".<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg/220px-Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg/330px-Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg/440px-Anouk_Aimee_-_1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="806" /></a><figcaption>Anouk Aimée as Luisa Anselmi</figcaption></figure>When shooting began on 9 May 1962, <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Walter" title="Eugene Walter">Eugene Walter</a> recalled Fellini taking "a little piece of brown paper tape" and sticking it near the <a href="/wiki/Viewfinder" title="Viewfinder">viewfinder</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Movie_camera" title="Movie camera">camera</a>. Written on it was Ricordati che è un film comico ("Remember that this is a comic film").<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Perplexed by the seemingly chaotic, incessant improvisation on the set, Deena Boyer, the director's American press officer at the time, asked for a rationale. Fellini told her that he hoped to convey the three levels "on which our minds live: the past, the present, and the conditional - the realm of fantasy".<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> 8½ was filmed in the spherical cinematographic process, using 35-millimeter film, and exhibited with an <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">aspect ratio</a> of 1.85:1. As with most Italian films of this period, the sound was entirely dubbed in afterwards; following a technique dear to Fellini, many lines of the dialogue were written only during post production, while the actors on the set mouthed random lines. 8½ marks the first time that actress <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> was allowed to dub her own dialogue; previously her voice was thought to be too throaty and, coupled with her <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisian</a> accent, was considered undesirable.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> This is Fellini's last black-and-white film.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In September 1962, Fellini shot the end of the film as initially written: Guido and his wife sit together in the restaurant car of a train bound for <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. Lost in thought, Guido looks up to see all the characters of his film smiling ambiguously at him as the train enters a tunnel. Fellini then shot an alternative ending set around the spaceship on the beach at dusk but with the intention of using the scenes as a trailer for promotional purposes only. In the 2002 documentary <a href="/wiki/Fellini:_I%27m_a_Born_Liar" title="Fellini: I'm a Born Liar">Fellini: I'm a Born Liar</a>, co-scriptwriter <a href="/wiki/Tullio_Pinelli" title="Tullio Pinelli">Tullio Pinelli</a> explains how he warned Fellini to abandon the train sequence with its implicit theme of <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> for an upbeat ending.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Fellini accepted the advice, using the alternative beach sequence as a more harmonious and exuberant finale.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> After shooting wrapped on 14 October, <a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> composed various circus marches and fanfares that would later become signature tunes of the maestro's cinema.<a href="#cite_note-Kezich,_245-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Soundtrack">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No.</th> <th>Title</th> <th>Composer </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.</td> <td>La Passerella di Otto e Mezzo</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2a.</td> <td>Cimitero</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>2b.</td> <td>Gigolette</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Franz_Leh%C3%A1r" title="Franz Lehár">Franz Lehár</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2c.</td> <td>Cadillac / Carlotta's Galop</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.</td> <td>E Poi (Walzer)</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.</td> <td>L'Illusionista</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.</td> <td>Concertino Alle Terme</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Piotr I. Tchaikovsky</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.</td> <td>Nell'Ufficio Produzione di Otto e Mezzo</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.</td> <td>Ricordi d'Infanza - Discesa al Fanghi</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>8.</td> <td>Guido e Luiza - Nostalgico Swing</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>9.</td> <td>Carlotta's Galop</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>10.</td> <td>L'Harem</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>11a.</td> <td>Rivolta nell'Harem</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11b.</td> <td>La Ballerina Pensionata (Ça C'Est Paris)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Padilla_(composer)" title="José Padilla (composer)">José Padilla Sánchez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11c.</td> <td>La Conferenza Stampa del Regista</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.</td> <td>La Passerella di Addio</td> <td>Nino Rota </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a>]</div> First released in Italy on 14 February 1963, 8½ received widespread acclaim, with reviewers hailing Fellini as "a genius possessed of a magic touch, a prodigious style".<a href="#cite_note-Kezich,_245-24">[24]</a> Italian novelist and critic <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Moravia" title="Alberto Moravia">Alberto Moravia</a> described the film's protagonist, Guido Anselmi, as "obsessed by eroticism, a sadist, a masochist, a self-mythologizer, an adulterer, a clown, a liar and a cheat. He's afraid of life and wants to return to his mother's womb ... In some respects, he resembles <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Bloom" title="Leopold Bloom">Leopold Bloom</a>, the hero of <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a>, and we have the impression that Fellini has read and contemplated this book. The film is introverted, a sort of private monologue interspersed with glimpses of reality .... Fellini's dreams are always surprising and, in a figurative sense, original, but his memories are pervaded by a deeper, more delicate sentiment. This is why the two episodes concerning the hero's childhood at the old country house in <a href="/wiki/Romagna" title="Romagna">Romagna</a> and his meeting with the woman on the beach in <a href="/wiki/Rimini" title="Rimini">Rimini</a> are the best of the film, and among the best of all Fellini's works to date".<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Reviewing for <a href="/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a>, Giovanni Grazzini underlined that "the beauty of the film lies in its 'confusion'... a mixture of error and truth, reality and dream, stylistic and human values, and in the complete harmony between Fellini's cinematographic language and Guido's rambling imagination. It is impossible to distinguish Fellini from his fictional director and so Fellini's faults coincide with Guido's spiritual doubts. The <a href="/wiki/Osmosis" title="Osmosis">osmosis</a> between art and life is amazing. It will be difficult to repeat this achievement.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Fellini's genius shines in everything here, as it has rarely shone in the movies. There isn't a set, a character or a situation that doesn't have a precise meaning on the great stage that is 8½".<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Mario Verdone of Bianco e Nero insisted the film was "like a brilliant improvisation ... The film became the most difficult feat the director ever tried to pull off. It is like a series of acrobats [sic] that a tightrope walker tries to execute high above the crowd, ... always on the verge of falling and being smashed on the ground. But at just the right moment, the acrobat knows how to perform the right somersault: with a push he straightens up, saves himself and wins".<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> 8½ screened at the <a href="/wiki/1963_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1963 Cannes Film Festival">1963 Cannes Film Festival</a> in April to "almost universal acclaim"<a href="#cite_note-Alpert,_180-29">[29]</a> and was Italy's official entry in the later <a href="/wiki/3rd_Moscow_International_Film_Festival" title="3rd Moscow International Film Festival">3rd Moscow International Film Festival</a> where it won the Grand Prize. French film director <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> wrote: "Fellini's film is complete, simple, beautiful, honest, like the one Guido wants to make in 8½".<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Premier Plan critics André Bouissy and Raymond Borde argued that the film "has the importance, magnitude, and technical mastery of <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a>. It has aged twenty years of the avant-garde in one fell swoop because it both integrates and surpasses all the discoveries of experimental cinema".<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Pierre Kast of Les <a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_cin%C3%A9ma" class="mw-redirect" title="Cahiers du cinéma">Cahiers du cinéma</a> explained that "my admiration for Fellini is not without limits. For instance, I did not enjoy <a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">La Strada</a> but I did <a href="/wiki/I_Vitelloni" title="I Vitelloni">I Vitelloni</a>. But I think we must all admit that 8½, leaving aside for the moment all prejudice and reserve, is prodigious. Fantastic liberality, a total absence of precaution and hypocrisy, absolute dispassionate sincerity, artistic and financial courage these are the characteristics of this incredible undertaking".<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The film ranked 10th on <a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_Cin%C3%A9ma" title="Cahiers du Cinéma">Cahiers du Cinéma</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_Cin%C3%A9ma%27s_Annual_Top_10_Lists" title="Cahiers du Cinéma's Annual Top 10 Lists">Top 10 Films of the Year List</a> in 1963.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Released in the United States on 25 June 1963 by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Levine" title="Joseph E. Levine">Joseph E. Levine</a>, who had bought the rights sight unseen, the film was screened at the Festival Theatre in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in the presence of Fellini and <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a>. The acclaim was unanimous with the exception of reviews by <a href="/wiki/Judith_Crist" title="Judith Crist">Judith Crist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Simon_(critic)" title="John Simon (critic)">John Simon</a>. Crist "didn't think the film touched the heart or moved the spirit".<a href="#cite_note-Alpert,_180-29">[29]</a> Kael derided the film as a "structural disaster" while Simon considered it "a disheartening fiasco".<a href="#cite_note-Kezich,_247-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a> defended the film as "beyond doubt, a work of art of the first magnitude".<a href="#cite_note-Alpert,_180-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a> praised it in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> as "a piece of entertainment that will really make you sit up straight and think, a movie endowed with the challenge of a fascinating intellectual game ... If Mr. Fellini has not produced another masterpiece – another all-powerful exposure of Italy's ironic sweet life – he has made a stimulating contemplation of what might be called, with equal irony, a sweet guy".<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Archer Winsten of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a> interpreted the film as "a kind of review and summary of Fellini's picture-making" but doubted that it would appeal as directly to the American public as <a href="/wiki/La_Dolce_Vita" class="mw-redirect" title="La Dolce Vita">La Dolce Vita</a> had three years earlier: "This is a subtler, more imaginative, less sensational piece of work. There will be more people here who consider it confused and confusing. And when they do understand what it is about – the simultaneous creation of a work of art, a philosophy of living together in happiness, and the imposition of each upon the other, they will not be as pleased as if they had attended the exposition of an international scandal".<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Audiences, however, loved it to such an extent that a company attempted to obtain the rights to mass-produce Guido Anselmi's black director's hat.<a href="#cite_note-Kezich,_247-34">[34]</a> Fellini biographer <a href="/wiki/Hollis_Alpert" title="Hollis Alpert">Hollis Alpert</a> noted that in the months following its release, critical commentary on 8½ proliferated as the film "became an intellectual cud to chew on".<a href="#cite_note-Alpert,_181-38">[38]</a> Philosopher and social critic <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Macdonald" title="Dwight Macdonald">Dwight Macdonald</a>, for example, insisted it was "the most brilliant, varied, and entertaining movie since Citizen Kane".<a href="#cite_note-Alpert,_181-38">[38]</a> In 1987, a group of thirty European intellectuals and filmmakers voted Otto e mezzo the most important European film ever made.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In 1993, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a> film reviewer <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> wrote that "despite the efforts of several other filmmakers to make their own versions of the same story, it remains the definitive film about director's block".<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> 8½ was voted the best foreign (i.e. non-Swedish) sound film with 21 votes in a 1964 poll of 50 Swedish film professionals organized by Swedish film magazine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaplin_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaplin (magazine) (page does not exist)">Chaplin</a> [<a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaplin_(filmtidskrift)" class="extiw" title="sv:Chaplin (filmtidskrift)">sv</a>].<a href="#cite_note-Chaplin-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a> ranked the film at number 112 in its Top 250 "Best Films of the Century" list in 1999, based on a poll of critics.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a> voted it at No. 36 on their list of 100 Greatest Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In 2000, Ebert added it to his "<a href="/wiki/Great_Movies" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Movies">Great Movies</a>" list, calling it "the best film ever made about filmmaking", concluding "I have seen 8½ over and over again, and my appreciation only deepens. It does what is almost impossible: Fellini is a magician who discusses, reveals, explains and deconstructs his tricks, while still fooling us with them. He claims he doesn't know what he wants or how to achieve it, and the film proves he knows exactly, and rejoices in his knowledge."<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> 8½ is a fixture on the British Film Institute's <a href="/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a> critics' and directors' polls of the top 10 films ever made. The film ranked 4th and 5th on critics' poll in 1972<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> and 1982<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> respectively. It ranked 2nd on the magazine's 1992<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> and 2002<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Directors' Top Ten Poll and 8th on the 2002 Critics' Top Ten Poll.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> It was slightly lower in the 2012 directors' poll, 4th<a href="#cite_note-BFI_Directors'_Top_Ten_Poll-5">[5]</a> and 10th on the 2012 critics' poll.<a href="#cite_note-bfi2012-4">[4]</a> The film was included in <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Time_magazine%27s_%22All-TIME%22_100_best_movies" class="mw-redirect" title="Time magazine's "All-TIME" 100 best movies">All-Time 100 best movies</a> list in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The film was voted at No. 46 on the list of "100 Greatest Films" by the prominent French magazine <a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_cin%C3%A9ma" class="mw-redirect" title="Cahiers du cinéma">Cahiers du cinéma</a> in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2010, the film was ranked #62 in <a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)">Empire</a> magazine's "The 100 Best Films of World Cinema".<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> It was also ranked number 1 when the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_of_Cinematography_in_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum of Cinematography in Łódź (page does not exist)">Museum of Cinematography in Łódź</a> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeum_Kinematografii_w_%C5%81odzi" class="extiw" title="pl:Muzeum Kinematografii w Łodzi">pl</a>] asked 279 Polish film professionals (filmmakers, critics, and professors) to vote for the best films in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-Łódź-53">[53]</a> On the review aggregator website <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, 8½ has an approval rating of 97% based on 61 reviews, with an average score of 8.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads: "Inventive, thought-provoking, and funny, 8 1/2 represents the arguable peak of Federico Fellini's many towering feats of cinema."<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>, the film has a weighted average score of 93 out of 100 based on 23 critic's reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_nominations">Awards and nominations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards and nominations">edit</a>]</div> 8½ won two <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Best Costume Design</a> (black-and-white) while garnering three other nominations for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Best Original Screenplay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction</a> (black-and-white).<a href="#cite_note-Oscars1964-56">[56]</a> The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle</a> also named 8½ <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film">best foreign language film</a> in 1964. The <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento" title="Nastro d'Argento">Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists</a> awarded the film all seven prizes for <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Director" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Director">director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Producer" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Producer">producer</a>, original story, screenplay, <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Score" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Score">music</a>, cinematography, and best <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Supporting_Actress" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actress">supporting actress</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milo" title="Sandra Milo">Sandra Milo</a>). It also garnered nominations for <a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Actor" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Actor">Best Actor</a>, Best Costume Design, and Best Production Design. At the Saint Vincent Film Festival, it was awarded Grand Prize over <a href="/wiki/Luchino_Visconti" title="Luchino Visconti">Luchino Visconti</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Leopard_(1963_film)" title="The Leopard (1963 film)">Il gattopardo</a> (The Leopard). The film screened in April at the <a href="/wiki/1963_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1963 Cannes Film Festival">1963 Cannes Film Festival</a><a href="#cite_note-festival-cannes.com-57">[57]</a> to "almost universal acclaim but no prize was awarded because it was shown outside the competition. Cannes rules demanded exclusivity in competition entries, and 8½ was already earmarked as Italy's official entry in the later Moscow festival".<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Presented on 18 July 1963 to an audience of 8,000 in the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Kremlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Kremlin">Kremlin</a>'s conference hall, 8½ won the prestigious Grand Prize at the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Moscow_International_Film_Festival" title="3rd Moscow International Film Festival">3rd Moscow International Film Festival</a><a href="#cite_note-Moscow1963-59">[59]</a> to acclaim that, according to Fellini biographer <a href="/wiki/Tullio_Kezich" title="Tullio Kezich">Tullio Kezich</a>, worried the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> festival authorities: the applause was "a cry for freedom".<a href="#cite_note-Kezich,_247-34">[34]</a> Jury members included <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Marais" title="Jean Marais">Jean Marais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a>, and screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Amidei" title="Sergio Amidei">Sergio Amidei</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> The film was nominated for a <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="British Academy Film Awards">BAFTA Award</a> in <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film">Best Film from any Source</a> category in <a href="/wiki/17th_British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="17th British Academy Film Awards">1964</a>. It won the <a href="/wiki/Bodil_Award_for_Best_Non-American_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodil Award for Best Non-American Film">Best European Film</a> Award at <a href="/wiki/Bodil_Awards" title="Bodil Awards">Bodil Awards</a> in 1964. The film also won <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film">National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film</a>. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin:auto; margin:auto;"> <caption>List of awards and nominations </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Award/Festival </th> <th scope="col">Category </th> <th scope="col">Recipient(s) </th> <th scope="col">Result </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a></td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay">Best Story and Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen</a> </th> <td>Federico Fellini, <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Flaiano" title="Ennio Flaiano">Ennio Flaiano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tullio_Pinelli" title="Tullio Pinelli">Tullio Pinelli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brunello_Rondi" title="Brunello Rondi">Brunello Rondi</a></td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction – Black-and-White</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Piero_Gherardi" title="Piero Gherardi">Piero Gherardi</a></td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Best Costume Design – Black-and-White</a> </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Academy Award for Best International Feature Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA Award">BAFTA Award</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film">Best Film from any Source</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bodil_Awards" title="Bodil Awards">Bodil Award</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bodil_Award_for_Best_European_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodil Award for Best European Film">Best European Film</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_Cin%C3%A9ma" title="Cahiers du Cinéma">Cahiers du Cinéma</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_Cin%C3%A9ma%27s_Annual_Top_10_Lists" title="Cahiers du Cinéma's Annual Top 10 Lists">Annual Top 10 Lists</a> </th> <td rowspan="4">Federico Fellini </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">10th place </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Awards" title="Directors Guild of America Awards">Directors Guild of America Award</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film">Outstanding Directing – Feature Film</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_International_Film_Festival" title="Moscow International Film Festival">Moscow International Film Festival</a> </th> <th scope="row">Grand Prix </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="9"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento" title="Nastro d'Argento">Nastro d'Argento</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Director" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Director">Best Director</a> </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Screenplay">Best Screenplay</a> </th> <td>Federico Fellini, Ennio Flaiano, Tullio Pinelli, Brunello Rondi </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Best Story </th> <td>Federico Fellini, Ennio Flaiano </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Producer" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Producer">Best Producer</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Rizzoli" title="Angelo Rizzoli">Angelo Rizzoli</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Actor" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Best Cinematography </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Di_Venanzo" title="Gianni Di Venanzo">Gianni Di Venanzo</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nastro_d%27Argento_for_Best_Score" title="Nastro d'Argento for Best Score">Best Score</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Best Production Design </th> <td rowspan="2">Piero Gherardi </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Best Costume Design </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review" title="National Board of Review">National Board of Review</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review:_Top_Five_Foreign_Language_Films" class="mw-redirect" title="National Board of Review: Top Five Foreign Language Films">Top Five Foreign Language Films</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award">New York Film Critics Circle Award</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film">Best Foreign Language Film</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> Later in the year of the film's 1963 release, a group of young Italian writers founded <a href="/wiki/Neoavanguardia" title="Neoavanguardia">Gruppo '63</a>, a literary collective of the <a href="/wiki/Neoavanguardia" title="Neoavanguardia">neoavanguardia</a> composed of novelists, reviewers, critics, and poets inspired by 8½ and <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Umberto Eco</a>'s seminal essay, Opera aperta (Open Work).<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> "Imitations of 8½ pile up by directors all over the world", wrote Fellini biographer <a href="/wiki/Tullio_Kezich" title="Tullio Kezich">Tullio Kezich</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> The following is Kezich's short-list of the films it has inspired: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_One" title="Mickey One">Mickey One</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arthur_Penn" title="Arthur Penn">Arthur Penn</a>, 1965), <a href="/wiki/Alex_in_Wonderland" title="Alex in Wonderland">Alex in Wonderland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a>, 1970), <a href="/wiki/Beware_of_a_Holy_Whore" title="Beware of a Holy Whore">Beware of a Holy Whore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rainer_Werner_Fassbinder" title="Rainer Werner Fassbinder">Rainer Werner Fassbinder</a>, 1971), <a href="/wiki/Day_for_Night_(film)" title="Day for Night (film)">Day for Night</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a>, 1974), <a href="/wiki/All_That_Jazz_(film)" title="All That Jazz (film)">All That Jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bob_Fosse" title="Bob Fosse">Bob Fosse</a>, 1979), <a href="/wiki/Stardust_Memories" title="Stardust Memories">Stardust Memories</a> (<a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>, 1980), Sogni d'oro (<a href="/wiki/Nanni_Moretti" title="Nanni Moretti">Nanni Moretti</a>, 1981), <a href="/wiki/Planet_Parade" title="Planet Parade">Planet Parade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vadim_Abdrashitov" title="Vadim Abdrashitov">Vadim Abdrashitov</a>, 1984), <a href="/wiki/A_King_and_His_Movie" title="A King and His Movie">A King and His Movie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carlos_Sor%C3%ADn" title="Carlos Sorín">Carlos Sorín</a>, 1986), 1993), <a href="/wiki/Living_in_Oblivion" title="Living in Oblivion">Living in Oblivion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tom_DiCillo" title="Tom DiCillo">Tom DiCillo</a>, 1995), <a href="/wiki/8%C2%BD_Women" title="8½ Women">8½ Women</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peter_Greenaway" title="Peter Greenaway">Peter Greenaway</a>, 1999), and <a href="/wiki/8_%C2%BD_$" title="8 ½ $">8½ $</a> (Grigori Konstantinopolsky, 1999). <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> included 8½ on his ballot for the Sight & Sound poll.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In conversation with the <a href="/wiki/Criterion_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Criterion Collection">Criterion Collection</a>, he named it one of his favorites:<blockquote> What would Fellini do after La dolce vita? We all wondered. How would he top himself? Would he even want to top himself? Would he shift gears? Finally, he did something that no one could have anticipated at the time. He took his own artistic and life situation—that of a filmmaker who had eight and a half films to his name (episodes for two omnibus films and a shared credit with Alberto Lattuada on Variety Lights counted for him as one and a half films, plus seven), achieved international renown with his last feature and felt enormous pressure when the time came for a follow-up—and he built a movie around it. 8½ has always been a touchstone for me, in so many ways—the freedom, the sense of invention, the underlying rigor and the deep core of longing, the bewitching, physical pull of the camera movements and the compositions...But it also offers an uncanny portrait of being the artist of the moment, trying to tune out all the pressure and the criticism and the adulation and the requests and the advice, and find the space and the calm to simply listen to oneself. The picture has inspired many movies over the years (including Alex in Wonderland, Stardust Memories, and All That Jazz), and we’ve seen the dilemma of Guido, the hero played by Marcello Mastroianni, repeated many times over in reality—look at the life of <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> during the period we covered in <a href="/wiki/No_Direction_Home" title="No Direction Home">No Direction Home</a>, to take just one example. Like with <a href="/wiki/The_Red_Shoes_(1948_film)" title="The Red Shoes (1948 film)">The Red Shoes</a>, I look at it again every year or so, and it's always a different experience.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_adaptation">Musical adaptation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Musical adaptation">edit</a>]</div> The Tony-winning 1982 <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> musical <a href="/wiki/Nine_(musical)" title="Nine (musical)">Nine</a> (score by <a href="/wiki/Maury_Yeston" title="Maury Yeston">Maury Yeston</a>, book by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kopit" title="Arthur Kopit">Arthur Kopit</a>) is based on the film, underscoring Guido's obsession with women by making him the only male character. The original production, directed by <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tune" title="Tommy Tune">Tommy Tune</a>, starred <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Juli%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Raúl Juliá">Raúl Juliá</a> as Guido, <a href="/wiki/Anita_Morris" title="Anita Morris">Anita Morris</a> as Carla, <a href="/wiki/Liliane_Montevecchi" title="Liliane Montevecchi">Liliane Montevecchi</a> as Liliane LaFleur, Guido's producer and <a href="/wiki/Karen_Akers" title="Karen Akers">Karen Akers</a> as Luisa. A 2003 Broadway revival starred <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Banderas" title="Antonio Banderas">Antonio Banderas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Krakowski" title="Jane Krakowski">Jane Krakowski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Stuart_Masterson" title="Mary Stuart Masterson">Mary Stuart Masterson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chita_Rivera" title="Chita Rivera">Chita Rivera</a>. The play was adapted into a <a href="/wiki/Nine_(2009_live-action_film)" title="Nine (2009 live-action film)">2009 film of the same name</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Rob_Marshall" title="Rob Marshall">Rob Marshall</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> as Guido alongside <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kate_Hudson" title="Kate Hudson">Kate Hudson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz" title="Penélope Cruz">Penélope Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fergie_(singer)" title="Fergie (singer)">Fergie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Nisi_Masa" title="Asa Nisi Masa">Asa Nisi Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_submissions_for_the_Academy_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Italian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film">List of Italian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submissions_to_the_36th_Academy_Awards_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="List of submissions to the 36th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film">List of submissions to the 36th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best" class="mw-redirect" title="List of films considered the best">List of films considered the best</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806002023/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/45423">"8½"</a>. BFI Film & Television Database. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/45423">the original</a> on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BFI+Film+%26+Television+Database&rft.atitle=8%C2%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftvdb.bfi.org.uk%2Fsift%2Ftitle%2F45423&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> "Top Rental Films of 1963", <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>, 8 January 1964 p 37 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Arbasino" title="Alberto Arbasino">Alberto Arbasino</a> (1963), review of 8½ in Il Giorno, 6 March 1963 </li> <li id="cite_note-bfi2012-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bfi2012_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bfi2012_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120902123023/http://www.bfi.org.uk/greatest-films-all-time">"The 100 Greatest Films of All Time | Sight & Sound"</a>. British Film Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bfi.org.uk/greatest-films-all-time">the original</a> on 2 September 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=The+100+Greatest+Films+of+All+Time+%26%23124%3B+Sight+%26+Sound&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bfi.org.uk%2Fgreatest-films-all-time&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BFI_Directors'_Top_Ten_Poll-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BFI_Directors'_Top_Ten_Poll_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BFI_Directors'_Top_Ten_Poll_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309025007/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news/sight-sound-2012-directors-top-ten">"Directors' 10 Greatest Films of All Time | Sight & Sound"</a>. British Film Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news/sight-sound-2012-directors-top-ten">the original</a> on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=Directors%27+10+Greatest+Films+of+All+Time+%26%23124%3B+Sight+%26+Sound&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bfi.org.uk%2Fnews%2Fsight-sound-2012-directors-top-ten&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vatican_Best_Films_List-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Vatican_Best_Films_List_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723032146/http://www.usccb.org/movies/vaticanfilms.shtml">"Vatican Best Films List"</a>. USCCB. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usccb.org/movies/vaticanfilms.shtml">the original</a> on 23 July 2010. Retrieved 25 July 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vatican+Best+Films+List&rft.pub=USCCB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usccb.org%2Fmovies%2Fvaticanfilms.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20181029-the-100-greatest-foreign-language-films">"The 100 Greatest Foreign Language Films"</a>. bbc. 29 October 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bbc&rft.atitle=The+100+Greatest+Foreign+Language+Films&rft.date=2018-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fculture%2Farticle%2F20181029-the-100-greatest-foreign-language-films&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.corriere.it/spettacoli/08_febbraio_28/elenco_cento_film_d83cacd8-e5ce-11dc-ab61-0003ba99c667.shtml">"Ecco i cento film italiani da salvare Corriere della Sera"</a>. www.corriere.it. Retrieved 11 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.corriere.it&rft.atitle=Ecco+i+cento+film+italiani+da+salvare+Corriere+della+Sera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.corriere.it%2Fspettacoli%2F08_febbraio_28%2Felenco_cento_film_d83cacd8-e5ce-11dc-ab61-0003ba99c667.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/reviews/rev0703/gmolbr15.html">"Screening the Past"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070915134131/http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/reviews/rev0703/gmolbr15.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2007. Retrieved 9 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Screening+the+Past&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latrobe.edu.au%2Fscreeningthepast%2Freviews%2Frev0703%2Fgmolbr15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Bondanella, The Cinema of Federico Fellini, 175 </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> Quoted in Kezich, 234 </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Gabriele Pedullà, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Arbasino" title="Alberto Arbasino">Alberto Arbasino</a> [2000] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libraweb.net/articoli3.php?chiave=543&rivista=23&articolo=200302301011">"Interviste –Sull'albero di ciliegie" ("On the Cherry Tree")</a> in CONTEMPORANEA Rivista di studi sulla letteratura e sulla comunicazione, Volume 1, 2003. Q: In some of your texts written during the 60 – I'm thinking above all of Certi romanzi – critical reflections on questions of the novel [...] are always interlaced in both an implicit and explicit way with reflections on cinema. In particular, it seems to me that your affinity with Fellini is especially significant: for example, your review of Otto e mezzo in Il Giorno. A: Reading Musil, we discovered parallels and similar procedures. But without being able to establish, either then or today, how much there was of Flaiano and how much, on the other hand, was of [Fellini's] own intuition. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Affron, 227 </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Alpert, 159 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Kezich, 234 and Affron, 3-4 </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Alpert, 160 </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Fellini, Comments on Film, 161-62 </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> Eugene Walter, "Dinner with Fellini", The Transatlantic Review, Autumn 1964. Quoted in Affron, 267 </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Alpert, 170 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> 8½, Criterion Collection DVD, featured commentary track. </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton2015" class="citation news cs1">Newton, Michael (15 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/may/15/fellinis-eight-and-a-half-masterpiece-cinemas-dreamer">"Fellini's 8½ – a masterpiece by cinema's ultimate dreamer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fellini%27s+8%C2%BD+%E2%80%93+a+masterpiece+by+cinema%27s+ultimate+dreamer&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2015%2Fmay%2F15%2Ffellinis-eight-and-a-half-masterpiece-cinemas-dreamer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> "The suicide theme is so overwhelming," Pinelli told Fellini, "that you'll crush your film." Cited in Fellini: I'm a Born Liar (2002), directed by <a href="/wiki/Damian_Pettigrew" title="Damian Pettigrew">Damian Pettigrew</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Alpert, 174-175, and Kezich, 245. The documentary L'Ultima sequenza (2003) also discusses the lost sequence. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kezich,_245-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kezich,_245_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kezich,_245_24-1">b</a> Kezich, 245 </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Moravia's review first published in L'Espresso (Rome) on 17 February 1963. Quoted in Fava and Vigano, 115–116 </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Grazzini's review first published in Corriere della Sera (Milan) on 16 February 1963. Quoted in Fava and Vigano, 116 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> This translation of Grazzini's review quoted in Affron, 255 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Affron, 255 </li> <li id="cite_note-Alpert,_180-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alpert,_180_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alpert,_180_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alpert,_180_29-2">c</a> Alpert, 180 </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Truffaut's review first published in Lui (Paris), 1 July 1963. Affron, 257 </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> First published in Premier Plan (Paris), 30 November 1963. Affron, 257 </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> First published in Les Cahiers du Cinéma (Paris), July 1963. Fava and Vigano, 116 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Eric C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120327102838/http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html">"Cahiers du Cinema: Top Ten Lists 1951–2009"</a>. alumnus.caltech.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/critics/cahiers.html">the original</a> on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alumnus.caltech.edu&rft.atitle=Cahiers+du+Cinema%3A+Top+Ten+Lists+1951%E2%80%932009&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Eric+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falumnus.caltech.edu%2F~ejohnson%2Fcritics%2Fcahiers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kezich,_247-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kezich,_247_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kezich,_247_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kezich,_247_34-2">c</a> Kezich, 247 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> John Simon considered the film's originality was compromised "because the 'dance of life' at the end was suggested by Bergman's dance of death in <a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Seal" title="The Seventh Seal">The Seventh Seal</a> (which Fellini had not seen)". Quoted in Alpert, 181 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> First published in the NYT, 26 June 1963. Fava and Vigano, 118 </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> First published in the New York Post, 26 June 1963. Fava and Vigano, 118. </li> <li id="cite_note-Alpert,_181-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alpert,_181_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alpert,_181_38-1">b</a> Alpert, 181 </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Bondanella, The Films of Federico Fellini, 93. </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Ebert,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19930507/REVIEWS/305070303">"Fellini's 8½"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120916120112/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19930507%2FREVIEWS%2F305070303">Archived</a> 16 September 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a> (7 May 1993). 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Retrieved 14 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muzeum+Kinematografii+w+%C5%81odzi&rft.atitle=Wyniki+ankiety%3A+12+film%C3%B3w+na+120-lecie+kina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkinomuzeum.pl%2F%3Fp%3D14471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kinomuzeum.pl/?p=14473">"ŚWIAT – NAJLEPSZE FILMY według wszystkich ankietowanych"</a>. Muzeum Kinematografii w Łodzi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171007135049/http://kinomuzeum.pl/?p=14473">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muzeum+Kinematografii+w+%C5%81odzi&rft.atitle=%C5%9AWIAT+%E2%80%93+NAJLEPSZE+FILMY+wed%C5%82ug+wszystkich+ankietowanych&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkinomuzeum.pl%2F%3Fp%3D14473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kinomuzeum.pl/?p=14515">"POLSKA – NAJLEPSZE FILMY według wszystkich ankietowanych"</a>. Muzeum Kinematografii w Łodzi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171008163431/http://kinomuzeum.pl/?p=14515">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muzeum+Kinematografii+w+%C5%81odzi&rft.atitle=POLSKA+%E2%80%93+NAJLEPSZE+FILMY+wed%C5%82ug+wszystkich+ankietowanych&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkinomuzeum.pl%2F%3Fp%3D14515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/8-12">"8 1/2"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=8+1%2F2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2F8-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/-1963">"8½"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=8%C2%BD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fmovie%2F-1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oscars1964-56"><a href="#cite_ref-Oscars1964_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1964">"The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners"</a>. oscars.org. Retrieved 3 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=oscars.org&rft.atitle=The+36th+Academy+Awards+%281964%29+Nominees+and+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Foscars%2Fceremonies%2F1964&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-festival-cannes.com-57"><a href="#cite_ref-festival-cannes.com_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119025138/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/3125/year/1963.html">"Festival de Cannes: 8½"</a>. festival-cannes.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/3125/year/1963.html">the original</a> on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=festival-cannes.com&rft.atitle=Festival+de+Cannes%3A+8%C2%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.festival-cannes.com%2Fen%2Farchives%2FficheFilm%2Fid%2F3125%2Fyear%2F1963.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> Alpert, 180. </li> <li id="cite_note-Moscow1963-59"><a href="#cite_ref-Moscow1963_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116210707/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1963">"3rd Moscow International Film Festival (1963)"</a>. MIFF. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1963">the original</a> on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MIFF&rft.atitle=3rd+Moscow+International+Film+Festival+%281963%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moscowfilmfestival.ru%2Fmiff34%2Feng%2Farchives%2F%3Fyear%3D1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> Kezich, 248 </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Kezich, 246 </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> Kezich, 249 </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/greatest-films-all-time/all-voters/martin-scorsese">"Martin Scorsese's Top 10"</a>. British Film Institute.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martin+Scorsese%27s+Top+10&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Fsight-and-sound%2Fgreatest-films-all-time%2Fall-voters%2Fmartin-scorsese&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/current/top-10-lists/214-martin-scorsese-s-top-10">"Martin Scorsese's Top 10"</a>. The Criterion Collection.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martin+Scorsese%27s+Top+10&rft.pub=The+Criterion+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.criterion.com%2Fcurrent%2Ftop-10-lists%2F214-martin-scorsese-s-top-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A8%C2%BD" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> Kezich, 249-250 </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Affron, Charles. 8½: Federico Fellini, Director. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1989.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollis_Alpert" title="Hollis Alpert">Alpert, Hollis</a>. Fellini: A Life. New York: Paragon House, 1988.</li> <li>Bondanella, Peter. The Cinema of Federico Fellini. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.</li> <li>Bondanella, Peter. The Films of Federico Fellini. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.</li> <li>Fava, Claudio and Aldo Vigano. The Films of Federico Fellini. New York: Citadel Press, 1990.</li> <li>Fellini, Federico. Comments on Film. Ed. Giovanni Grazzini. Trans. Joseph Henry. Fresno: The Press of California State University at Fresno, 1988.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Kezich" title="Tullio Kezich">Kezich, Tullio</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini:_His_Life_and_Work" title="Federico Fellini: His Life and Work">Federico Fellini: His Life and Work</a>. New York: Faber and Faber, 2006.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=8%C2%BD&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:AllMovie_title" title="Template:AllMovie title">AllMovie title</a> is being <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_11#Template:AllMovie_title" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 11">considered for deletion</a>.› <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v318">8½</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12018#P1562" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/73932/enwp">8½</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12018#P2631" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20000528/REVIEWS08/5280301/1023">Chicago Sun-Times review</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130216123330/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20000528%2FREVIEWS08%2F5280301%2F1023">Archived</a> 16 February 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/1999/apr/22/derekmalcolmscenturyoffilm.derekmalcolm">Guardian.uk review</a> by <a href="/wiki/Derek_Malcolm" title="Derek Malcolm">Derek Malcolm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/173-8-1-2-a-film-with-itself-as-its-subject">8½: A Film with Itself as Its Subject</a> – an essay by Alexander Sesonske at <a href="/wiki/The_Criterion_Collection" title="The 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Template:Academy Award for Best International Feature Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best International Feature Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best International Feature Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Academy Award for Best International Feature Film">Academy Award for Best International Feature Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82; text-align:center;;width:1%">1947–1955 (Honorary)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Shoeshine_(film)" title="Shoeshine (film)">Shoeshine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_De_Sica" title="Vittorio De Sica">Vittorio De Sica</a> </li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/Monsieur_Vincent" title="Monsieur Vincent">Monsieur Vincent</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Cloche" title="Maurice Cloche">Maurice Cloche</a> </li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">Bicycle Thieves</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_De_Sica" title="Vittorio De Sica">Vittorio De Sica</a> </li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/The_Walls_of_Malapaga" title="The Walls of Malapaga">The Walls of Malapaga</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cl%C3%A9ment" title="René Clément">René Clément</a> </li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Rashomon" title="Rashomon">Rashomon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> </li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cl%C3%A9ment" title="René Clément">René Clément</a> </li> <li>1953: No Award</li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Hell_(film)" title="Gate of Hell (film)">Gate of Hell</a> – <a href="/wiki/Teinosuke_Kinugasa" title="Teinosuke Kinugasa">Teinosuke Kinugasa</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Samurai_I:_Musashi_Miyamoto" title="Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto">Samurai, The Legend of Musashi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Inagaki" title="Hiroshi Inagaki">Hiroshi Inagaki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82; text-align:center;;width:1%">1956–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1956: <a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">La Strada</a> – <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> </li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Nights_of_Cabiria" title="Nights of Cabiria">Nights of Cabiria</a> – <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> </li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Mon_Oncle" title="Mon Oncle">My Uncle</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Tati" title="Jacques Tati">Jacques Tati</a> </li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Black_Orpheus" title="Black Orpheus">Black Orpheus</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Camus" title="Marcel Camus">Marcel Camus</a> </li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_Spring" title="The Virgin Spring">The Virgin Spring</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Through_a_Glass_Darkly_(film)" title="Through a Glass Darkly (film)">Through a Glass Darkly</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> </li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Sundays_and_Cyb%C3%A8le" title="Sundays and Cybèle">Sundays and Cybèle</a> – <a href="/wiki/Serge_Bourguignon" title="Serge Bourguignon">Serge Bourguignon</a> </li> <li>1963: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">8½</a> – <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> </li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Yesterday,_Today_and_Tomorrow" title="Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow">Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_De_Sica" title="Vittorio De Sica">Vittorio De Sica</a> </li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/The_Shop_on_Main_Street" title="The Shop on Main Street">The Shop on Main Street</a> – <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Kad%C3%A1r" title="Ján Kadár">Ján Kadár</a> & <a href="/wiki/Elmar_Klos" title="Elmar Klos">Elmar Klos</a> </li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/A_Man_and_a_Woman" title="A Man and a Woman">A Man and a Woman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Lelouch" title="Claude Lelouch">Claude Lelouch</a> </li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Closely_Watched_Trains" title="Closely Watched Trains">Closely Watched Trains</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Menzel" title="Jiří Menzel">Jiří Menzel</a> </li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(film_series)" title="War and Peace (film series)">War and Peace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bondarchuk" title="Sergei Bondarchuk">Sergei Bondarchuk</a> </li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Z_(1969_film)" title="Z (1969 film)">Z</a> – <a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> </li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Investigation_of_a_Citizen_Above_Suspicion" title="Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion">Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elio_Petri" title="Elio Petri">Elio Petri</a> </li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_the_Finzi-Continis_(film)" title="The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (film)">The Garden of the Finzi-Continis</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_De_Sica" title="Vittorio De Sica">Vittorio De Sica</a> </li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/The_Discreet_Charm_of_the_Bourgeoisie" title="The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie">The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> </li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Day_for_Night_(film)" title="Day for Night (film)">Day for Night</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> </li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Amarcord" title="Amarcord">Amarcord</a> – <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> </li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Dersu_Uzala_(1975_film)" title="Dersu Uzala (1975 film)">Dersu Uzala</a> – <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82; text-align:center;;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Black_and_White_in_Color" title="Black and White in Color">Black and White in Color</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Annaud" title="Jean-Jacques Annaud">Jean-Jacques Annaud</a> </li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Madame_Rosa" title="Madame Rosa">Madame Rosa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mosh%C3%A9_Mizrahi" title="Moshé Mizrahi">Moshé Mizrahi</a> </li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Get_Out_Your_Handkerchiefs" title="Get Out Your Handkerchiefs">Get Out Your Handkerchiefs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Blier" title="Bertrand Blier">Bertrand Blier</a> </li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/The_Tin_Drum_(film)" title="The Tin Drum (film)">The Tin Drum</a> – <a href="/wiki/Volker_Schl%C3%B6ndorff" title="Volker Schlöndorff">Volker Schlöndorff</a> </li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Does_Not_Believe_in_Tears" title="Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears">Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Menshov" title="Vladimir Menshov">Vladimir Menshov</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Mephisto_(1981_film)" title="Mephisto (1981 film)">Mephisto</a> – <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Szab%C3%B3" title="István Szabó">István Szabó</a> </li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Begin_the_Beguine_(film)" title="Begin the Beguine (film)">Volver a Empezar ('To Begin Again')</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Garci" title="José Luis Garci">José Luis Garci</a> </li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Fanny_and_Alexander" title="Fanny and Alexander">Fanny and Alexander</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> </li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Moves" title="Dangerous Moves">Dangerous Moves</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dembo" title="Richard Dembo">Richard Dembo</a> </li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/The_Official_Story" title="The Official Story">The Official Story</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luis_Puenzo" title="Luis Puenzo">Luis Puenzo</a> </li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/The_Assault_(1986_film)" title="The Assault (1986 film)">The Assault</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fons_Rademakers" title="Fons Rademakers">Fons Rademakers</a> </li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Babette%27s_Feast" title="Babette's Feast">Babette's Feast</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Axel" title="Gabriel Axel">Gabriel Axel</a> </li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Pelle_the_Conqueror" title="Pelle the Conqueror">Pelle the Conqueror</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bille_August" title="Bille August">Bille August</a> </li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Cinema_Paradiso" title="Cinema Paradiso">Cinema Paradiso</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tornatore" title="Giuseppe Tornatore">Giuseppe Tornatore</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Journey_of_Hope" title="Journey of Hope">Journey of Hope</a> – <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Koller" title="Xavier Koller">Xavier Koller</a> </li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Mediterraneo" title="Mediterraneo">Mediterraneo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Salvatores" title="Gabriele Salvatores">Gabriele Salvatores</a> </li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Indochine_(film)" title="Indochine (film)">Indochine</a> – <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Wargnier" title="Régis Wargnier">Régis Wargnier</a> </li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque_(film)" title="Belle Époque (film)">Belle Époque</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Trueba" title="Fernando Trueba">Fernando Trueba</a> </li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Burnt_by_the_Sun" title="Burnt by the Sun">Burnt by the Sun</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Mikhalkov" title="Nikita Mikhalkov">Nikita Mikhalkov</a> </li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Antonia%27s_Line" title="Antonia's Line">Antonia's Line</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marleen_Gorris" title="Marleen Gorris">Marleen Gorris</a> </li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Kolya_(film)" title="Kolya (film)">Kolya</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Sv%C4%9Br%C3%A1k" title="Jan Svěrák">Jan Svěrák</a> </li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Character_(film)" title="Character (film)">Character</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_van_Diem" title="Mike van Diem">Mike van Diem</a> </li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful" title="Life Is Beautiful">Life Is Beautiful</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> </li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/All_About_My_Mother" title="All About My Mother">All About My Mother</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> </li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82; text-align:center;;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/No_Man%27s_Land_(2001_film)" title="No Man's Land (2001 film)">No Man's Land</a> – <a href="/wiki/Danis_Tanovi%C4%87" title="Danis Tanović">Danis Tanović</a> </li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Nowhere_in_Africa" title="Nowhere in Africa">Nowhere in Africa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Link" title="Caroline Link">Caroline Link</a> </li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/The_Barbarian_Invasions" title="The Barbarian Invasions">The Barbarian Invasions</a> – <a href="/wiki/Denys_Arcand" title="Denys Arcand">Denys Arcand</a> </li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Inside" title="The Sea Inside">The Sea Inside</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Amen%C3%A1bar" title="Alejandro Amenábar">Alejandro Amenábar</a> </li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Tsotsi" title="Tsotsi">Tsotsi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Hood" title="Gavin Hood">Gavin Hood</a> </li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/The_Lives_of_Others" title="The Lives of Others">The Lives of Others</a> – <a href="/wiki/Florian_Henckel_von_Donnersmarck" title="Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck">Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck</a> </li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/The_Counterfeiters_(2007_film)" title="The Counterfeiters (2007 film)">The Counterfeiters</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Ruzowitzky" title="Stefan Ruzowitzky">Stefan Ruzowitzky</a> </li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Departures_(2008_film)" title="Departures (2008 film)">Departures</a> – <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Djir%C5%8D_Takita" title="Yōjirō Takita">Yōjirō Takita</a> </li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/The_Secret_in_Their_Eyes" title="The Secret in Their Eyes">The Secret in Their Eyes</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Campanella" title="Juan José Campanella">Juan José Campanella</a> </li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/In_a_Better_World" title="In a Better World">In a Better World</a> – <a href="/wiki/Susanne_Bier" title="Susanne Bier">Susanne Bier</a> </li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/A_Separation" title="A Separation">A Separation</a> – <a href="/wiki/Asghar_Farhadi" title="Asghar Farhadi">Asghar Farhadi</a> </li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Amour_(2012_film)" title="Amour (2012 film)">Amour</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Beauty" title="The Great Beauty">The Great Beauty</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Sorrentino" title="Paolo Sorrentino">Paolo Sorrentino</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Ida_(film)" title="Ida (film)">Ida</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pawe%C5%82_Pawlikowski" title="Paweł Pawlikowski">Paweł Pawlikowski</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Son_of_Saul" title="Son of Saul">Son of Saul</a> – <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Nemes" title="László Nemes">László Nemes</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/The_Salesman_(2016_film)" title="The Salesman (2016 film)">The Salesman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Asghar_Farhadi" title="Asghar Farhadi">Asghar Farhadi</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/A_Fantastic_Woman" title="A Fantastic Woman">A Fantastic Woman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Lelio" title="Sebastián Lelio">Sebastián Lelio</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Roma_(2018_film)" title="Roma (2018 film)">Roma</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Another_Round" title="Another Round">Another Round</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Vinterberg" title="Thomas Vinterberg">Thomas Vinterberg</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Drive_My_Car_(film)" title="Drive My Car (film)">Drive My Car</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front_(2022_film)" title="All Quiet on the Western Front (2022 film)">All Quiet on the Western Front</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Berger" title="Edward Berger">Edward Berger</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/The_Zone_of_Interest_(film)" title="The Zone of Interest (film)">The Zone of Interest</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italian_submissions_for_Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_submissions_for_the_Academy_Award" title="Template:Italian submissions for the Academy Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_submissions_for_the_Academy_Award" title="Template talk:Italian submissions for the Academy Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_submissions_for_the_Academy_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian submissions for the Academy Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_submissions_for_Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_submissions_for_the_Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="List of Italian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film">Italian submissions</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_International_Feature_Film" title="Academy Award for Best International Feature Film">Best International Feature Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;;width:1%">1947–1960</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoeshine_(film)" title="Shoeshine (film)">Shoeshine</a> (1947) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">Bicycle Thieves</a> (1949) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walls_of_Malapaga" title="The Walls of Malapaga">The Walls of Malapaga</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">La Strada</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nights_of_Cabiria" title="Nights of Cabiria">Nights of Cabiria</a> (1957) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Deal_on_Madonna_Street" title="Big Deal on Madonna Street">Big Deal on Madonna Street</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_War_(1959_film)" title="The Great War (1959 film)">The Great War</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapo_(1960_film)" title="Kapo (1960 film)">Kapo</a> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;;width:1%">1961–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Notte" title="La Notte">La Notte</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Days_of_Naples_(film)" title="The Four Days of Naples (film)">The Four Days of Naples</a> (1962)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8½</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesterday,_Today_and_Tomorrow" title="Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow">Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_Italian_Style" title="Marriage Italian Style">Marriage Italian Style</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Algiers" title="The Battle of Algiers">The Battle of Algiers</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Is_Near" title="China Is Near">China Is Near</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_with_the_Pistol" title="The Girl with the Pistol">The Girl with the Pistol</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini_Satyricon" title="Fellini Satyricon">Fellini Satyricon</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigation_of_a_Citizen_Above_Suspicion" title="Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion">Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_the_Finzi-Continis_(film)" title="The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (film)">The Garden of the Finzi-Continis</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_(1972_film)" title="Roma (1972 film)">Roma</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarcord" title="Amarcord">Amarcord</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scent_of_a_Woman_(1974_film)" title="Scent of a Woman (1974 film)">Scent of a Woman</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Beauties" title="Seven Beauties">Seven Beauties</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Special_Day" title="A Special Day">A Special Day</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_nuovi_mostri" title="I nuovi mostri">I nuovi mostri</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_Forget_Venice" title="To Forget Venice">To Forget Venice</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Leap_in_the_Dark" title="A Leap in the Dark">A Leap in the Dark</a> (1980)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;;width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Brothers_(1981_film)" title="Three Brothers (1981 film)">Three Brothers</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Night_of_the_Shooting_Stars" title="The Night of the Shooting Stars">The Night of the Shooting Stars</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/And_the_Ship_Sails_On" title="And the Ship Sails On">And the Ship Sails On</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Where%27s_Picone%3F" title="Where's Picone?">Where's Picone?</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroni_(film)" title="Macaroni (film)">Macaroni</a> (1985)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Night" title="Summer Night">Summer Night</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Family_(1987_film)" title="The Family (1987 film)">The Family</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_the_Holy_Drinker_(film)" title="The Legend of the Holy Drinker (film)">The Legend of the Holy Drinker</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Paradiso" title="Cinema Paradiso">Cinema Paradiso</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Doors_(film)" title="Open Doors (film)">Open Doors</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterraneo" title="Mediterraneo">Mediterraneo</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stolen_Children" title="The Stolen Children">The Stolen Children</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Pumpkin_(film)" title="The Great Pumpkin (film)">The Great Pumpkin</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamerica" title="Lamerica">Lamerica</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star_Maker_(1995_film)" title="The Star Maker (1995 film)">The Star Maker</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Generation_(1996_film)" title="My Generation (1996 film)">My Generation</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Man_(1998_film)" title="The Best Man (1998 film)">The Best Man</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful" title="Life Is Beautiful">Life Is Beautiful</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_of_this_World_(film)" title="Not of this World (film)">Not of this World</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Hundred_Steps" title="One Hundred Steps">One Hundred Steps</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;;width:1%">2001–2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Son%27s_Room" title="The Son's Room">The Son's Room</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinocchio_(2002_film)" title="Pinocchio (2002 film)">Pinocchio</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Scared" title="I'm Not Scared">I'm Not Scared</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Keys_to_the_House" title="The Keys to the House">The Keys to the House</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Tell_(2005_film)" title="Don't Tell (2005 film)">Don't Tell</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuovomondo" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuovomondo">Golden Door</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Woman" title="The Unknown Woman">The Unknown Woman</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomorrah_(film)" title="Gomorrah (film)">Gomorrah</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baar%C3%ACa_(film)" title="Baarìa (film)">Baarìa</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Beautiful_Thing" title="The First Beautiful Thing">The First Beautiful Thing</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraferma_(film)" title="Terraferma (film)">Terraferma</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Must_Die" title="Caesar Must Die">Caesar Must Die</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Beauty" title="The Great Beauty">The Great Beauty</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Capital_(2013_film)" title="Human Capital (2013 film)">Human Capital</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Be_Bad" title="Don't Be Bad">Don't Be Bad</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_at_Sea" title="Fire at Sea">Fire at Sea</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Ciambra" title="A Ciambra">A Ciambra</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogman_(2018_film)" title="Dogman (2018 film)">Dogman</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Traitor_(2019_film)" title="The Traitor (2019 film)">The Traitor</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notturno_(film)" title="Notturno (film)">Notturno</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;;width:1%">2021–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Hand_of_God_(film)" title="The Hand of God (film)">The Hand of God</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia_(2022_film)" title="Nostalgia (2022 film)">Nostalgia</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_capitano" title="Io capitano">Io capitano</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermiglio_(film)" title="Vermiglio (film)">Vermiglio</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Moscow_International_Film_Festival_Main_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#9a9a9a"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MIFF_Main_Award" title="Template:MIFF Main Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MIFF_Main_Award" title="Template talk:MIFF Main Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MIFF_Main_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MIFF Main Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Moscow_International_Film_Festival_Main_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_International_Film_Festival" title="Moscow International Film Festival">Moscow International Film Festival</a> Main Award</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9a9a9a;width:1%;background:#bdb99b">1959–1967 Grand Prix</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fate_of_a_Man" title="Fate of a Man">Fate of a Man</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Naked_Island" title="The Naked Island">The Naked Island </a> – <a href="/wiki/Clear_Skies_(film)" title="Clear Skies (film)">Clear Skies</a> (1961)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8+1⁄2</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(film_series)" title="War and Peace (film series)">War and Peace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Twenty_Hours" title="Twenty Hours">Twenty Hours</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Journalist_(1967_film)" title="The Journalist (1967 film)">The Journalist</a> – <a href="/wiki/Father_(1966_film)" title="Father (1966 film)">Father</a> (1967)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9a9a9a;width:1%;background:#bdb99b">1969–1987 Golden Prize</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luc%C3%ADa" title="Lucía">Lucía</a> – <a href="/wiki/Serafino_(film)" title="Serafino (film)">Serafino</a> – <a href="/wiki/We%27ll_Live_Till_Monday" title="We'll Live Till Monday">We'll Live Till Monday</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_a_Police_Captain" title="Confessions of a Police Captain">Confessions of a Police Captain</a> – <a href="/wiki/Live_Today,_Die_Tomorrow!" title="Live Today, Die Tomorrow!">Live Today, Die Tomorrow!</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_White_Bird_Marked_with_Black" title="The White Bird Marked with Black">The White Bird Marked with Black</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_Sweet_Word:_Liberty!" title="That Sweet Word: Liberty!">That Sweet Word: Liberty!</a> – <a href="/wiki/Affection_(film)" title="Affection (film)">Affection</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Promised_Land_(1975_film)" title="The Promised Land (1975 film)">The Promised Land</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dersu_Uzala_(1975_film)" title="Dersu Uzala (1975 film)">Dersu Uzala</a> – <a href="/wiki/We_All_Loved_Each_Other_So_Much" title="We All Loved Each Other So Much">We All Loved Each Other So Much</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Seal" title="The Fifth Seal">The Fifth Seal</a> – <a href="/wiki/Foul_Play_(1977_film)" title="Foul Play (1977 film)">El puente</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mimino" title="Mimino">Mimino</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Stopped_at_Eboli_(film)" title="Christ Stopped at Eboli (film)">Christ Stopped at Eboli</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seven_Days_in_January" title="Seven Days in January">Siete días de enero</a> – <a href="/wiki/Camera_Buff" title="Camera Buff">Camera Buff</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_Homem_que_Virou_Suco" title="O Homem que Virou Suco">O Homem que Virou Suco</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Abandoned_Field:_Free_Fire_Zone" title="The Abandoned Field: Free Fire Zone">The Abandoned Field: Free Fire Zone</a> – <a href="/wiki/Teheran_43" title="Teheran 43">Teheran 43</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amok_(1983_film)" title="Amok (1983 film)">Amok</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alsino_and_the_Condor" title="Alsino and the Condor">Alsino and the Condor</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vassa_(film)" title="Vassa (film)">Vassa</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_and_See" title="Come and See">Come and See</a> – <a href="/wiki/A_Soldier%27s_Story" title="A Soldier's Story">A Soldier's Story</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Descent_of_the_Nine" title="The Descent of the Nine">The Descent of the Nine</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intervista" title="Intervista">Intervista</a> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9a9a9a;width:1%;background:#bdb99b">1989–present Golden St. George</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Icicle_Thief" title="The Icicle Thief">The Icicle Thief</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_Dog_Running_at_the_Edge_of_the_Sea" title="Spotted Dog Running at the Edge of the Sea">Spotted Dog Running at the Edge of the Sea</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me_Ivan,_You_Abraham" title="Me Ivan, You Abraham">Me Ivan, You Abraham</a> (1993)</li> <li>(No award in 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin%27s_Room_(film)" title="Marvin's Room (film)">Marvin's Room</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_to_Live" title="Will to Live">Will to Live</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_as_a_Fatal_Sexually_Transmitted_Disease" title="Life as a Fatal Sexually Transmitted Disease">Life as a Fatal Sexually Transmitted Disease</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Believer_(2001_film)" title="The Believer (2001 film)">The Believer</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_(2001_film)" title="Resurrection (2001 film)">Resurrection</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_End_of_a_Mystery" title="The End of a Mystery">The End of a Mystery</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Own_(2004_film)" title="Our Own (2004 film)">Our Own</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreaming_of_Space" title="Dreaming of Space">Dreaming of Space</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/About_Sara" title="About Sara">About Sara</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travelling_with_Pets" title="Travelling with Pets">Travelling with Pets</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Simple_as_That_(film)" title="As Simple as That (film)">As Simple as That</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_on_the_Way_to_Heaven" title="Pete on the Way to Heaven">Pete on the Way to Heaven</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermano_(film)" title="Hermano (film)">Hermano</a> (2010)</li> <li>Las olas (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkhearts" title="Junkhearts">Junkhearts</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particle_(film)" title="Particle (film)">Particle</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Man_(2014_film)" title="My Man (2014 film)">My Man</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losers_(film)" title="Losers (film)">Losers</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughter_(2016_film)" title="Daughter (2016 film)">Daughter</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crested_Ibis_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crested Ibis (film) (page does not exist)">Yuan Shang</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Lord_Eagle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Lord Eagle (page does not exist)">The Lord Eagle</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Secret_of_A_Leader&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Secret of A Leader (page does not exist)">The Secret of A Leader</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Siege_Diary" title="A Siege Diary">A Siege Diary</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogpoopgirl" title="Dogpoopgirl">Dogpoopgirl</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Prior_Appointment" title="No Prior Appointment">No Prior Appointment</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tres_Hermanos_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tres Hermanos (film) (page does not exist)">Tres Hermanos</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shame_(2024_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shame (2024 film) (page does not exist)">Shame</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_International_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Template:National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Template talk:National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_International_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film">National Board of Review Award for Best International Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1934–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Man_of_Aran" title="Man of Aran">Man of Aran</a> (1934)</li> <li>No Award (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_in_Flanders_(film)" title="Carnival in Flanders (film)">Carnival in Flanders</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Eternal_Mask" title="The Eternal Mask">The Eternal Mask</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grande_Illusion" title="La Grande Illusion">La Grande Illusion</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Shadows" title="Port of Shadows">Port of Shadows</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Baker%27s_Wife_(film)" title="The Baker's Wife (film)">The Baker's Wife</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9p%C3%A9_le_Moko" title="Pépé le Moko">Pépé le Moko</a> (1941)</li> <li>No Award (1942–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Titan:_Story_of_Michelangelo" title="The Titan: Story of Michelangelo">The Titan</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashomon" title="Rashomon">Rashomon</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_Barrier" title="The Sound Barrier">The Sound Barrier</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Queen_Is_Crowned" title="A Queen Is Crowned">A Queen Is Crowned</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1954_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1954 film)">Romeo and Juliet</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prisoner_(1955_film)" title="The Prisoner (1955 film)">The Prisoner</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silent_World" title="The Silent World">The Silent World</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordet" title="Ordet">Ordet</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pather_Panchali" title="Pather Panchali">Pather Panchali</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Strawberries_(film)" title="Wild Strawberries (film)">Wild Strawberries</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_of_Apu" title="The World of Apu">The World of Apu</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Br%C3%BCcke_(film)" title="Die Brücke (film)">Die Brücke</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundays_and_Cybele" class="mw-redirect" title="Sundays and Cybele">Sundays and Cybele</a> (1962)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8½</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Without_Sun" title="World Without Sun">World Without Sun</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet_of_the_Spirits" title="Juliet of the Spirits">Juliet of the Spirits</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sleeping_Car_Murders" title="The Sleeping Car Murders">The Sleeping Car Murders</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvira_Madigan_(1967_film)" title="Elvira Madigan (1967 film)">Elvira Madigan</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(film_series)" title="War and Peace (film series)">War and Peace</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shame_(1968_film)" title="Shame (1968 film)">Shame</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Child" title="The Wild Child">The Wild Child</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire%27s_Knee" title="Claire's Knee">Claire's Knee</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sorrow_and_the_Pity" title="The Sorrow and the Pity">The Sorrow and the Pity</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cries_and_Whispers" title="Cries and Whispers">Cries and Whispers</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarcord" title="Amarcord">Amarcord</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Adele_H." title="The Story of Adele H.">The Story of Adele H.</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Marquise_of_O_(film)" title="The Marquise of O (film)">The Marquise of O</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_Obscure_Object_of_Desire" title="That Obscure Object of Desire">That Obscure Object of Desire</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autumn_Sonata" title="Autumn Sonata">Autumn Sonata</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(film)" title="La Cage aux Folles (film)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tin_Drum_(film)" title="The Tin Drum (film)">The Tin Drum</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Few_Days_from_the_Life_of_I._I._Oblomov" title="A Few Days from the Life of I. I. Oblomov">A Few Days from the Life of I. I. Oblomov</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mephisto_(1981_film)" title="Mephisto (1981 film)">Mephisto</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_and_Alexander" title="Fanny and Alexander">Fanny and Alexander</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Sunday_in_the_Country" title="A Sunday in the Country">A Sunday in the Country</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(film)" title="Ran (film)">Ran</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1986_film)" title="Otello (1986 film)">Otello</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Florette" title="Jean de Florette">Jean de Florette</a> / <a href="/wiki/Manon_des_Sources_(1986_film)" title="Manon des Sources (1986 film)">Manon des Sources</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_on_the_Verge_of_a_Nervous_Breakdown" title="Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown">Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_of_Women" title="Story of Women">Story of Women</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrano_de_Bergerac_(1990_film)" title="Cyrano de Bergerac (1990 film)">Cyrano de Bergerac</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Europa" title="Europa Europa">Europa Europa</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochine_(film)" title="Indochine (film)">Indochine</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_My_Concubine_(film)" title="Farewell My Concubine (film)">Farewell My Concubine</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eat_Drink_Man_Woman" title="Eat Drink Man Woman">Eat Drink Man Woman</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Triad" title="Shanghai Triad">Shanghai Triad</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridicule_(film)" title="Ridicule (film)">Ridicule</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shall_We_Dance%3F_(1996_film)" title="Shall We Dance? (1996 film)">Shall We Dance?</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Station_(film)" title="Central Station (film)">Central Station</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_About_My_Mother" title="All About My Mother">All About My Mother</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amores_perros" title="Amores perros">Amores perros</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_to_Her" title="Talk to Her">Talk to Her</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barbarian_Invasions" title="The Barbarian Invasions">The Barbarian Invasions</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Inside" title="The Sea Inside">The Sea Inside</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Now" title="Paradise Now">Paradise Now</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volver" title="Volver">Volver</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Diving_Bell_and_the_Butterfly_(film)" title="The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (film)">The Diving Bell and the Butterfly</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_(film)" title="Mongol (film)">Mongol</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Prophet" title="A Prophet">A Prophet</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Of_Gods_and_Men_(film)" title="Of Gods and Men (film)">Of Gods and Men</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Separation" title="A Separation">A Separation</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amour_(2012_film)" title="Amour (2012 film)">Amour</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Past_(2013_film)" title="The Past (2013 film)">The Past</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Tales_(film)" title="Wild Tales (film)">Wild Tales</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Saul" title="Son of Saul">Son of Saul</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salesman_(2016_film)" title="The Salesman (2016 film)">The Salesman</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtrot_(2017_film)" title="Foxtrot (2017 film)">Foxtrot</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(2018_film)" title="Cold War (2018 film)">Cold War</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Llorona_(2019_film)" title="La Llorona (2019 film)">La Llorona</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Hero" title="A Hero">A Hero</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_(2022_film)" title="Close (2022 film)">Close</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_a_Fall" title="Anatomy of a Fall">Anatomy of a Fall</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seed_of_the_Sacred_Fig" title="The Seed of the Sacred Fig">The Seed of the Sacred Fig</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_International_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_International_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Foreign_Language_Film" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best International Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1937–1977</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayerling_(1936_film)" title="Mayerling (1936 film)">Mayerling</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grande_Illusion" title="La Grande Illusion">Grand Illusion</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvest_(1937_film)" title="Harvest (1937 film)">Harvest</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Baker%27s_Wife_(film)" title="The Baker's Wife (film)">The Baker's Wife</a> (1940)</li> <li>No Award (1941–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_Open_City" title="Rome, Open City">Rome, Open City</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_Live_in_Peace" title="To Live in Peace">To Live in Peace</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisan" title="Paisan">Paisan</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">Bicycle Thieves</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Amore_(film)" title="L'Amore (film)">L'Amore</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_in_Milan" title="Miracle in Milan">Miracle in Milan</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Is_Done" title="Justice Is Done">Justice Is Done</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Hell_(film)" title="Gate of Hell (film)">Gate of Hell</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_D." title="Umberto D.">Umberto D.</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">The Road</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gervaise_(film)" title="Gervaise (film)">Gervaise</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon_Oncle" title="Mon Oncle">My Uncle</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_400_Blows" title="The 400 Blows">The 400 Blows</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_mon_amour" title="Hiroshima mon amour">Hiroshima My Love</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_dolce_vita" title="La dolce vita">The Sweet Life</a> (1961)</li> <li>No Award (1962)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8½</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_Man_from_Rio" title="That Man from Rio">That Man from Rio</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet_of_the_Spirits" title="Juliet of the Spirits">Juliet of the Spirits</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shop_on_Main_Street" title="The Shop on Main Street">The Shop on Main Street</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_War_Is_Over_(1966_film)" title="The War Is Over (1966 film)">The War Is Over</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(film_series)" title="War and Peace (film series)">War and Peace</a> (1968)</li> <li>No Award (1969–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1978–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bread_and_Chocolate" title="Bread and Chocolate">Bread and Chocolate</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tree_of_Wooden_Clogs" title="The Tree of Wooden Clogs">The Tree of Wooden Clogs</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_American_Uncle" title="My American Uncle">My American Uncle</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixote" title="Pixote">Pixote</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Stands_Still_(film)" title="Time Stands Still (film)">Time Stands Still</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_and_Alexander" title="Fanny and Alexander">Fanny and Alexander</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Sunday_in_the_Country" title="A Sunday in the Country">A Sunday in the Country</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(film)" title="Ran (film)">Ran</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Decline_of_the_American_Empire" title="The Decline of the American Empire">The Decline of the American Empire</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Life_as_a_Dog" title="My Life as a Dog">My Life as a Dog</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_on_the_Verge_of_a_Nervous_Breakdown" title="Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown">Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_of_Women" title="Story of Women">Story of Women</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Nasty_Girl" title="The Nasty Girl">The Nasty Girl</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Europa" title="Europa Europa">Europa Europa</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raise_the_Red_Lantern" title="Raise the Red Lantern">Raise the Red Lantern</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_My_Concubine_(film)" title="Farewell My Concubine (film)">Farewell My Concubine</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Colours:_Red" title="Three Colours: Red">Three Colours: Red</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Reeds" title="Wild Reeds">Wild Reeds</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Balloon" title="The White Balloon">The White Balloon</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponette" title="Ponette">Ponette</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festen" class="mw-redirect" title="Festen">The Celebration</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_About_My_Mother" title="All About My Mother">All About My Mother</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Yi" title="Yi Yi">Yi Yi</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Mood_for_Love" title="In the Mood for Love">In the Mood for Love</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y_tu_mam%C3%A1_tambi%C3%A9n" title="Y tu mamá también">And Your Mother Too</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_God_(2002_film)" title="City of God (2002 film)">City of God</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Education_(2004_film)" title="Bad Education (2004 film)">Bad Education</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2046_(film)" title="2046 (film)">2046</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Shadows" title="Army of Shadows">Army of Shadows</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lives_of_Others" title="The Lives of Others">The Lives of Others</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Months,_3_Weeks_and_2_Days" title="4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days">4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Hours" title="Summer Hours">Summer Hours</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_(miniseries)" title="Carlos (miniseries)">Carlos</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Separation" title="A Separation">A Separation</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amour_(2012_film)" title="Amour (2012 film)">Amour</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Is_the_Warmest_Colour" title="Blue Is the Warmest Colour">Blue Is the Warmest Colour</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_(film)" title="Ida (film)">Ida</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timbuktu_(2014_film)" title="Timbuktu (2014 film)">Timbuktu</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Erdmann" title="Toni Erdmann">Toni Erdmann</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPM_(Beats_per_Minute)" title="BPM (Beats per Minute)">BPM (Beats per Minute)</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(2018_film)" title="Cold War (2018 film)">Cold War</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacurau" title="Bacurau">Bacurau</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Worst_Person_in_the_World_(film)" title="The Worst Person in the World (film)">The Worst Person in the World</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EO_(film)" title="EO (film)">EO</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_a_Fall" title="Anatomy of a Fall">Anatomy of a Fall</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_We_Imagine_as_Light" title="All We Imagine as Light">All We Imagine as Light</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federico_Fellini" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federico_Fellini" title="Template:Federico Fellini"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federico_Fellini" title="Template talk:Federico Fellini"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federico_Fellini" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federico Fellini"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federico_Fellini" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">As director</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Variety_Lights" title="Variety Lights">Variety Lights</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Sheik" title="The White Sheik">The White Sheik</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Vitelloni" title="I Vitelloni">I Vitelloni</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_in_the_City_(1953_film)" title="Love in the City (1953 film)">Love in the City</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Strada" title="La Strada">La Strada</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_bidone" title="Il bidone">Il bidone</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nights_of_Cabiria" title="Nights of Cabiria">Nights of Cabiria</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_dolce_vita" title="La dolce vita">La dolce vita</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boccaccio_%2770" title="Boccaccio '70">Boccaccio '70</a> (1962)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8½</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet_of_the_Spirits" title="Juliet of the Spirits">Juliet of the Spirits</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirits_of_the_Dead" title="Spirits of the Dead">Spirits of the Dead</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini:_A_Director%27s_Notebook" title="Fellini: A Director's Notebook">Fellini: A Director's Notebook</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini_Satyricon" title="Fellini Satyricon">Fellini Satyricon</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_clowns" title="I clowns">The Clowns</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_(1972_film)" title="Roma (1972 film)">Roma</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarcord" title="Amarcord">Amarcord</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini%27s_Casanova" title="Fellini's Casanova">Casanova</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestra_Rehearsal" title="Orchestra Rehearsal">Orchestra Rehearsal</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Women" title="City of Women">City of Women</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/And_the_Ship_Sails_On" title="And the Ship Sails On">And the Ship Sails On</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_and_Fred" title="Ginger and Fred">Ginger and Fred</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intervista" title="Intervista">Intervista</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_the_Moon" title="The Voice of the Moon">The Voice of the Moon</a> (1990)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">As writer only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Wagon_(1943_film)" title="The Last Wagon (1943 film)">The Last Wagon</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_Open_City" title="Rome, Open City">Rome, Open City</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisan" title="Paisan">Paisan</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flesh_Will_Surrender" title="Flesh Will Surrender">Flesh Will Surrender</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullet_for_Stefano" title="Bullet for Stefano">Bullet for Stefano</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Amore_(film)" title="L'Amore (film)">L'Amore</a> ("The Miracle" segment, 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Without_Pity_(1948_film)" title="Without Pity (1948 film)">Without Pity</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Name_of_the_Law_(1949_film)" title="In the Name of the Law (1949 film)">In the Name of the Law</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Pain" title="City of Pain">City of Pain</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mill_on_the_Po" title="The Mill on the Po">The Mill on the Po</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Flowers_of_St._Francis" title="The Flowers of St. Francis">The Flowers of St. Francis</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_of_Hope" title="Path of Hope">Path of Hope</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Ways_Out" title="Four Ways Out">Four Ways Out</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameriera_bella_presenza_offresi..." title="Cameriera bella presenza offresi...">Cameriera bella presenza offresi...</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bandit_of_Tacca_Del_Lupo" title="The Bandit of Tacca Del Lupo">The Bandit of Tacca Del Lupo</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunella_(film)" title="Fortunella (film)">Fortunella</a> (1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works about</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E_il_Casanova_di_Fellini%3F" title="E il Casanova di Fellini?">E il Casanova di Fellini? (1975 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini:_His_Life_and_Work" title="Federico Fellini: His Life and Work">Federico Fellini: His Life and Work (1987/2002 biography)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini:_I%27m_a_Born_Liar" title="Fellini: I'm a Born Liar">Fellini: I'm a Born Liar (2002 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27m_a_Born_Liar" title="I'm a Born Liar">I'm a Born Liar (2003 book)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_Strange_to_Be_Named_Federico" title="How Strange to Be Named Federico">How Strange to Be Named Federico (2013 documentary)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giulietta_Masina" title="Giulietta Masina">Giulietta Masina (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellini_Museum" title="Fellini Museum">Fellini Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Nisi_Masa" title="Asa Nisi Masa">Asa Nisi Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paparazzi" title="Paparazzi">Paparazzi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12018#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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