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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Iatroquímica</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Disponível em 28 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كيمياء طبية — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيمياء طبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatro_kimya" title="Yatro kimya — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yatro kimya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ятрохимия — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ятрохимия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%82%8F%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="ဓာတုတသီႏပညာႏ — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဓာတုတသီႏပညာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatroqu%C3%ADmica" title="Iatroquímica — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Iatroquímica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochemie" title="Iatrochemie — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Iatrochemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochemistry" title="Iatrochemistry — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Iatrochemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrokemio" title="Iatrokemio — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iatrokemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatroqu%C3%ADmica" title="Iatroquímica — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iatroquímica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrokeemia" title="Iatrokeemia — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iatrokeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="یاتروشیمی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یاتروشیمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrokemia" title="Iatrokemia — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iatrokemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochimie" title="Iatrochimie — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Iatrochimie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="रसायन चिकित्सा — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रसायन चिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatrok%C3%A9mia" title="Jatrokémia — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jatrokémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%A1%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Յատրոքիմիա — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յատրոքիմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochimica" title="Iatrochimica — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Iatrochimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ятрохимия — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ятрохимия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ятрохимия — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ятрохимия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ဓာတုဆေးပညာ — birmanês" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဓာတုဆေးပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochemie" title="Iatrochemie — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iatrochemie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatrochemia" title="Jatrochemia — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jatrochemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrochimie" title="Iatrochimie — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Iatrochimie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ятрохимия — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ятрохимия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatroch%C3%A9mia" title="Iatrochémia — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Iatrochémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iatrokemi" title="Iatrokemi — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Iatrokemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0atrokimya" title="İatrokimya — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İatrokimya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ятрохімія — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ятрохімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q898906#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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.tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Esta página <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">cita fontes</a>, mas que <b><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipédia:V">não cobrem</a> todo o conteúdo</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%C3%AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé">inserir referências</a> (<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&as_epq=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&tbm=nws&q=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica&oq=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica">N</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_epq=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica">L</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&q=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Janeiro de 2013</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A escola médica <b>iatroquímica</b>, fundada por <a href="/wiki/Jan_Baptista_van_Helmont" title="Jan Baptista van Helmont">Jan Baptista van Helmont</a> baseava-se no estudo do funcionamento do <a href="/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo">organismo</a> humano a partir de processos e reações químicas. Neste contexto, a principal inovação desta escola foi a introdução de compostos químicos no tratamento de doenças, em contraposição à ideia dos galenistas de que apenas forças ocultas, aliadas às ervas medicinais, surtiriam efeito na cura dos males do corpo.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Surgida sob os punhos de <a href="/wiki/Paracelso" title="Paracelso">Paracelsus</a> e organizada sob a mente de Van Helmont, a iatroquímica reinou absoluta durante o século XVII, até a introdução das ideias iatromecânicas de caráter oposto à iatroquímica. A escola iatromecânica explicava as doenças e o funcionamento do corpo humano segundo processos puramente mecânicos e representou, de certa forma, uma complementação das ideias iatroquímicas. </p><p>As ideias da iatroquímica eram carregadas de um cunho sobrenatural e influenciadas pelos galenistas. O próprio Van Helmont achava que os fenômenos vitais eram determinados por uma força misteriosa chamada “arqueus” situada na região estomacal. </p><p>A grande causa do surgimento da iatroquímica foi o desenvolvimento da alquimia. Segundo esta, era possível a transformação de quaisquer metais em ouro, ou seja, “a transmutação pela pedra filosofal”. Procurar o processo que permitiria tal proeza fez com que muitos alquimistas realizassem experiências sem critérios científicos bem estabelecidos, sem um método, o que gerou uma grande quantidade de resultados que não atingiram o objetivo da transmutação. Com tantos experimentos, muitas novas substâncias químicas foram descobertas, o que incentivou seu uso no tratamento de doenças, exatamente o que era pregado pela iatroquímica. </p><p>Obviamente, surgiram resistências a este tipo de abordagem. A Faculdade de Medicina de <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, ainda galenista, não adotava as ideias iatroquímicas enquanto que a Faculdade de Montpellier as adotava. O tiro de misericórdia às ideias galenistas foi dado quando o rei da França declarou ter sido curado de uma enfermidade após ter ingerido vinho com antimônio e proclamou a excelência deste último como medicamento. </p><p>A maioria dos iatroquímicos era formada por médicos que foram severamente criticados por suas ideias. Dizia-se que eram mais especuladores, mais cientistas de gabinete do que homens ligados à realidade das doenças e da morte. Apesar das críticas e do cunho sobrenatural que ainda permeavam a iatroquímica, não se pode negar que esta estendeu os limites dos tratamentos de doenças, muitos foram modificados e outros surgiram, fornecendo condições para o desenvolvimento da <a href="/wiki/Farmacologia" title="Farmacologia">farmacologia</a>. </p><p>Percebe-se que uma abordagem posterior mais acertada, traz elementos tanto da iatroquímica como da iatromecânica. Da mesma forma que a maioria das explicações científicas, este é um caso típico no qual se vagueia por ideias extremas até se atingir uma medida correta, o fiel da balança que representa a verdadeira interpretação da natureza. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referências"><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Referências" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iatroqu%C3%ADmica&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Referências"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Unicamp (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proquimica.iqm.unicamp.br/iatroquimica.htm">«A iatroquímica»</a>. <i>ProQuímica</i>. São Paulo: Editora Abril Cultural<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 26 de setembro de 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AIatroqu%C3mica&rft.atitle=A+iatroqu%C3mica&rft.au=Unicamp&rft.date=1968&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ProQu%C3mica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fproquimica.iqm.unicamp.br%2Fiatroquimica.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iatroquímica&oldid=65802058">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iatroquímica&oldid=65802058</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Categoria:Bioquímica">Bioquímica</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias ocultas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_carecem_de_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9_desde_janeiro_de_2013" title="Categoria:!Artigos que carecem de notas de rodapé desde janeiro de 2013">!Artigos que carecem de notas de rodapé desde janeiro de 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_carecem_de_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9_sem_indica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_tema" title="Categoria:!Artigos que carecem de notas de rodapé sem indicação de tema">!Artigos que carecem de notas de rodapé sem indicação de tema</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 10h46min de 3 de maio de 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0) da Creative Commons</a>; pode estar sujeito a condições adicionais. 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