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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Зноскі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зноскі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Зноскі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зноскі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Алгол</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 51 мове." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – арагонская" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A9)" title="ألغول (لغة برمجة) – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألغول (لغة برمجة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol_dili" title="Algol dili – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Algol dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2" title="অ্যালগল – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যালগল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – баснійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="баснійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algolo_(programlingvo)" title="Algolo (programlingvo) – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Algolo (programlingvo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84" title="الگول – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الگول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol_(langage)" title="Algol (langage) – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Algol (langage)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol" title="Algol – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Algol" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol" title="Algol – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Algol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%AC_(%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4)" title="Ալգոլ (անվանում) – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալգոլ (անվանում)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Алгол – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Алгол" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EA%B3%A8_(%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D_%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4)" title="알골 (프로그래밍 언어) – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알골 (프로그래밍 언어)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol" title="Algol – кіргізская" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Algol" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кіргізская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE_(%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7)" title="അൽഗോൾ (പ്രോഗ്രാമിങ് ഭാഷ) – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അൽഗോൾ (പ്രോഗ്രാമിങ് ഭാഷ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – мірандыйская" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мірандыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol_(programmeertaal)" title="Algol (programmeertaal) – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Algol (programmeertaal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL_(programmeringsspr%C3%A5k)" title="ALGOL (programmeringsspråk) – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="ALGOL (programmeringsspråk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Алгол – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Алгол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol" title="Algol – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Algol" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algol_(programspr%C3%A5k)" title="Algol (programspråk) – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Algol (programspråk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Алгол – таджыкская" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Алгол" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыкская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="ALGOL" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188436#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q188436$ee305fa3-48b6-dee4-8e35-f2b45fe1ed78" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P154"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:1965_ALGOL_Logotype.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Выява лагатыпа" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/1965_ALGOL_Logotype.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Клас мовы</th> <td class="plainlist"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Працэдурнае праграмаванне">працэдурная</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Імператыўнае праграмаванне (няма такой старонкі)">імператыўная</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Структураванае праграмаванне (няма такой старонкі)">структураваная</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">З’явілася ў</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P571" class="no-wikidata">1958</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Аўтар(ы)</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P287" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_L._Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich L. Bauer (няма такой старонкі)">Bauer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Bottenbruch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Bottenbruch (няма такой старонкі)">Bottenbruch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Rutishauser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Rutishauser (няма такой старонкі)">Rutishauser</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Samelson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Samelson (няма такой старонкі)">Samelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Джон Бэкус">Бэкус</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Katz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Katz (няма такой старонкі)">Katz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Perlis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Perlis (няма такой старонкі)">Perlis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Henry_Wegstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Henry Wegstein (няма такой старонкі)">Wegstein</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Naur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Naur (няма такой старонкі)">Naur</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Vauquois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Vauquois (няма такой старонкі)">Vauquois</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adriaan_van_Wijngaarden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adriaan van Wijngaarden (няма такой старонкі)">van Wijngaarden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Woodger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Woodger (няма такой старонкі)">Woodger</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julien_Green&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julien Green (няма такой старонкі)">Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96" title="Джон Мак-Карці">Мак-Карці</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Зведала ўплыў</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q188436$51A9A615-8171-46E1-9089-20E83DC14A83" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P737"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Паўплывала на</th> <td class="plainlist"> Большасць пазнейшых імператыўных моў (г.зв. <i>алголападобныя</i> мовы) <br /> напр. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simula (няма такой старонкі)">Simula</a>, <a href="/wiki/C_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="C (мова праграмавання)">C</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPL (няма такой старонкі)">CPL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pascal" title="Pascal">Pascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Ада (мова праграмавання)">Ada</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Алгол</b> (скарачэнне ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en"><b>ALGO</b>rithmic <b>L</b>anguage</span>) прадстаўляе сабой сямейства <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Імператыўнае праграмаванне (няма такой старонкі)">імператыўных</a> камп'ютарных <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Мова праграмавання">моў праграмавання</a>. Першапачатковая распрацоўка адбывалася ў сярэдзіне 1950-х гадоў. Мова значна паўплывала на многія іншыя мовы, і была стандартным метадам апісання алгарытму, які выкарыстоўваўся ў падручніках <a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_for_Computing_Machinery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association for Computing Machinery (няма такой старонкі)">ACM</a> і навуковых крыніцах на працягу больш як трыццаці гадоў.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Хоць і не атрымаўшы паўсюднага камерцыйнага прымянення, мова аказала велізарны ўплыў на развіццё вылічальнай тэхнікі і канструяванне моў праграмавання. Распрацаваная, каб пазбегнуць некаторых з выяўленых праблем у <a href="/wiki/FORTRAN" class="mw-redirect" title="FORTRAN">FORTRAN</a>, у канчатковым выніку спарадзіла мноства іншых моў праграмавання, сярод якіх <a href="/w/index.php?title=BCPL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BCPL (няма такой старонкі)">BCPL</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B,_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B, мова праграмавання (няма такой старонкі)">B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pascal" title="Pascal">Pascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/PL/I" class="mw-redirect" title="PL/I">PL/I</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сімула (няма такой старонкі)">Сімула</a> і <a href="/wiki/C_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="C (мова праграмавання)">C</a>. У Алгол упершыню былі прадстаўлены блокі коду і пара ключавых словаў <code>begin</code>…<code>end</code> для іх размежавання. Таксама, у гэтай мове ўпершыню рэалізаваны ўкладзеныя вызначэнні функцый з лексічнай вобласцю бачнасці. Акрамя таго, гэта была першая мова праграмавання, якая надавала падрабязную ўвагу фармальнаму вызначэнню мовы, а ў справаздачы Алгол 60 была прадстаўлена <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%E2%80%93%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Форма Бэкуса–Наура (няма такой старонкі)">форма Бэкуса–Наура</a>, прынцыповае пазначэнне для распрацоўкі мовы. </p><p>Існуюць тры асноўныя спецыфікацыі: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_58&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алгол 58 (няма такой старонкі)">Алгол 58</a> — першапачаткова прапаноўвалася называць <b>IAL</b> (ад <b>I</b>nternational <b>A</b>lgebraic <b>L</b>anguage).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_60&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алгол 60 (няма такой старонкі)">Алгол 60</a> — упершыню рэалізавана ў відзе <i>X1 ALGOL 60</i> у сярэдзіне 1960-х, перагледжана ў 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_68&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алгол 68 (няма такой старонкі)">Алгол 68</a> — (перагледжана ў 1973<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) — былі ўведзеныя новыя элементы, уключаючы гнуткія масівы, слайсы, паралелізм, ідэнтыфікацыя аператара, а таксама розныя функцыі, якія пашыраюць магчымасці.</li></ul> <p>Афіцыйныя версіі Алгол утрымліваюць у назве лічбы года, у якім яны ўпершыню былі апублікаваны. </p><p>Алгол 68 істотна адрозніваецца ад Алгол 60 і быў не надта добра прыняты, такім чынам, абагульненая назва «Алгол» хутчэй азначае Алгол 60 і яго дыялекты. Фрагменты алголападобнага сінтаксісу часам і цяпер выкарыстоўваюцца ў якасці <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Псеўдакод (няма такой старонкі)">псеўдакоду</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зноскі"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Зноскі</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://calgo.acm.org/"><i>Collected Algorithms of the ACM</i></a> Compressed archives of the algorithms. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_for_Computing_Machinery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association for Computing Machinery (няма такой старонкі)">ACM</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBackusBauerGreenKatz1960" class="citation book cs1">Backus, J. W.; Bauer, F. L.; Green, J.; Katz, C.; McCarthy, J.; Perlis, A. J.; Rutishauser, H.; Samelson, K.; Vauquois, B.; Wegstein, J. H.; van Wijngaarden, A.; Woodger, M. (May 1960). Naur, Peter (рэд.). <i>Report on the Algorithmic Language ALGOL 60</i>. Copenhagen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (ідэнтыфікатар) (няма такой старонкі)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F367236.367262">10.1145/367236.367262</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0001-0782">0001-0782</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+Algorithmic+Language+ALGOL+60&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.date=1960-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F367236.367262&rft.issn=0001-0782&rft.aulast=Backus&rft.aufirst=J.+W.&rft.au=Bauer%2C+F.+L.&rft.au=Green%2C+J.&rft.au=Katz%2C+C.&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J.&rft.au=Perlis%2C+A.+J.&rft.au=Rutishauser%2C+H.&rft.au=Samelson%2C+K.&rft.au=Vauquois%2C+B.&rft.au=Wegstein%2C+J.+H.&rft.au=van+Wijngaarden%2C+A.&rft.au=Woodger%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_book" title="Шаблон:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: Папярэджанні CS1: месца без выдавецтва (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_CS1:_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Папярэджанні CS1: месца без выдавецтва">спасылка</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masswerk.at/algol60/report.htm">Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Algol 60</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none"><b> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="нявызначанай мовай">(нявызн.)</span></b></span> (1963). <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070625171638/http://www.masswerk.at/algol60/report.htm">Архівавана</a> з першакрыніцы 25 чэрвеня 2007.</small> <small>Праверана 8 June 2007.</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.ru.nl/~hubbers/courses/sl1/rr.pdf">Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language ALGOL 68</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none"><b> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="нявызначанай мовай">(нявызн.)</span></b></span><span class="ref-info">(недаступная спасылка)</span> (1973). <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140913132128/http://www.cs.ru.nl/~hubbers/courses/sl1/rr.pdf">Архівавана</a> з першакрыніцы 13 верасня 2014.</small> <small>Праверана 13 September 2014.</small></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Савіцкі М.</i> Тлумачальны слоўнік па інфарматыцы / Мікола Савіцкі. — Мн.: Энцыклапедыкс. 2009. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9789856742838" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-985-6742-83-8</a>.</li> <li>АЛГОЛ // Терминологический слолварь по основам информатики и вычислительной техники / А. П. Ершов, Н. М. Шанский, А. П. Окунева, Н. В. Баско; Под общ. ред. А. П. Ершова, Н. М. Шанского. — М.: Просвещение, 1991. — С. 22. — 159 с., ил. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/5090023797" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-09-0023797</a>-8. <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⛭" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></span><div id="Мовы_праграмавання" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Мова праграмавання">Мовы праграмавання</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Ада (мова праграмавання)">Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ALGOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9F%D0%9B_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="АПЛ (мова праграмавання)">APL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мова асэмблера">Асэмблер</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="C (мова праграмавання)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp" title="C Sharp">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COBOL" title="COBOL">COBOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Delphi (мова праграмавання)">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlang" title="Erlang">Erlang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Форт (мова праграмавання)">Forth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Go (мова праграмавання)">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell" title="Haskell">Haskell</a></li> <li><a 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