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</div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Racism</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="عنصرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عنصرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasizam" title="Rasizam – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rasizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasismus" title="Rasismus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rasismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rassismus" title="Rassismus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rassismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikiquote.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ρατσισμός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρατσισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasismo" title="Rasismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rasismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racismo" title="Racismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Racismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rassism" title="Rassism – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rassism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arrazismoa" title="Arrazismoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arrazismoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="نژادپرستی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نژادپرستی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racisme" title="Racisme – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Racisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racismo" title="Racismo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Racismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%96%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="גזענות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גזענות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasizam" title="Rasizam – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rasizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racism" title="Racism – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Racism" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Razzismo" title="Razzismo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Razzismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racisme" title="Racisme – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Racisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasisme" title="Rasisme – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rasisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rasizm" title="Rasizm – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rasizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Racismo" title="Racismo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Racismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Расизм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Расизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Расизам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Расизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Irk%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" title="Irkçılık – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Irkçılık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" 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href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism" class="extiw" title="w:Racism">Racism</a></b> may include <a href="/wiki/Prejudice" title="Prejudice">prejudice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a>, belief in the superiority of one race over another, antagonism directed against other people because they are of a different race or ethnicity, and the belief that members of different races or ethnicities should be treated differently. </p> <div role="navigation" style="margin-left: 2em;"> <p>Arranged alphabetically by author or source:<br /><a href="#A">A</a> · <a href="#B">B</a> · <a href="#C">C</a> · <a href="#D">D</a> · <a href="#E">E</a> · <a href="#F">F</a> · <a href="#G">G</a> · <a href="#H">H</a> · <a href="#I">I</a> · <a href="#J">J</a> · <a href="#K">K</a> · <a href="#L">L</a> · <a href="#M">M</a> · <a href="#N">N</a> · <a href="#O">O</a> · <a href="#P">P</a> · <a href="#Q">Q</a> · <a href="#R">R</a> · <a href="#S">S</a> · <a href="#T">T</a> · <a href="#U">U</a> · <a href="#V">V</a> · <a href="#W">W</a> · <a href="#X">X</a> · <a href="#Y">Y</a> · <a href="#Z">Z</a> · <a href="#See_also">See also</a> · <a href="#External_links">External links</a> </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="B">B</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Being a racist <a href="/wiki/Monster" title="Monster">monster</a> isn’t a <a href="/wiki/Mental_illness" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental illness">mental illness</a> – in fact, you can be one and be a very <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_stability" class="extiw" title="w:Mental stability">stable</a> <a href="/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">genius</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Bee" title="Samantha Bee">Samantha Bee</a>; <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_Frontal_with_Samantha_Bee" class="extiw" title="w:Full Frontal with Samantha Bee">Full Frontal with Samantha Bee</a></i>, (August 7, 2019); as qtd. in Adrian Horton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/aug/08/samantha-bee-trump-dallas-dayton-mass-shooting">“Samantha Bee: 'Being a racist monster isn't a mental illness'"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, (8 Aug 2019).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is a refuge for the ignorant. It seeks to divide and to destroy. It is the enemy of <a href="/wiki/Freedom" title="Freedom">freedom</a>, and deserves to be met head-on and stamped out. <ul><li>Attributed to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Berton" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Pierre Berton">Pierre Berton</a> in <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFRoss2004"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Ross" class="extiw" title="w:Lawrence Ross">Ross, Lawrence</a> (2004). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iN1xjBgECVUC">The Ways of Black Folks: A Year in the Life of a People</a></i>. Kensington Publishing Corporation. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7582-0634-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7582-0634-3">ISBN 978-0-7582-0634-3</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ways+of+Black+Folks%3A+A+Year+in+the+Life+of+a+People&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.au=Ross%2C+Lawrence&rft.date=2004&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B77&rft.pub=Kensington+Publishing+Corporation&rft.isbn=978-0-7582-0634-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiN1xjBgECVUC&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> And in <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFGaspirtz2016">Gaspirtz, Oliver (2016). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lEU9DgAAQBAJ&pg=PT4">Famous Quotes About Racism</a></i>. Westhoff Publishing. p. 4.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Famous+Quotes+About+Racism&rft.aulast=Gaspirtz&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft.au=Gaspirtz%2C+Oliver&rft.date=2016&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B4&rft.pub=Westhoff+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlEU9DgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is not something that is designated as an <a href="/wiki/Illness" title="Illness">illness</a> that can be treated by <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> professionals. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renee_Binder" class="extiw" title="w:Renee Binder">Renee Binder</a>, doctor and Chairwoman of the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Psychiatry and Law, as quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/26/opinion/they-hate-they-kill-are-they-insane.html">"They Hate. They Kill. Are They Insane?"</a>, Alvin F. Poussaint, <i>The New York Times</i>, (1999).</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="C">C</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: C"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_racism" class="extiw" title="w:Sexual racism">Sexual racism</a> is a specific form of racial <a href="/wiki/Prejudice" title="Prejudice">prejudice</a> enacted in the context of <a href="/wiki/Sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex">sex</a> or <a href="/wiki/Romance" title="Romance">romance</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Online">Online</a>, people use sex and dating profiles to describe racialized <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_attraction" class="extiw" title="w:Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a> through language such as “Not attracted to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asians" class="extiw" title="w:Asians">Asians</a>.” Among <a href="/wiki/Gay" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay">gay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bisexual" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisexual">bisexual</a> <a href="/wiki/Men" class="mw-redirect" title="Men">men</a>, sexual racism is a highly contentious issue. Although some characterize <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a> among partners on the basis of race as a form of racism, others present it as a matter of preference. In May 2011, 2177 gay and bisexual men in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> participated in an online survey that assessed how acceptably they viewed online sexual racism. Although the men sampled displayed diverse attitudes, many were remarkably <a href="/wiki/Tolerant" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolerant">tolerant</a> of sexual racism. We conducted two multiple linear regression analyses to compare factors related to men’s attitudes toward sexual racism online and their racist attitudes more broadly. Almost every identified factor associated with men’s <a href="/wiki/Racist" class="mw-redirect" title="Racist">racist</a> attitudes was also related to their attitudes toward sexual racism. The only differences were between men who identified as Asian or <a href="/wiki/Indian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian">Indian</a>. Sexual racism, therefore, is closely associated with generic racist attitudes, which challenges the idea of racial attraction as solely a matter of personal preference. <ul><li>Callander, D., Newman, C. E., & Holt, M. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-30734-001">“Is sexual racism really racism? Distinguishing attitudes toward sexual racism and generic racism among gay and bisexual men.”</a>, <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>, 44(7), 1991-2000.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>In the first place, an unjust law exists in this Commonwealth, by which <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">marriages</a> between persons of different color is pronounced illegal. I am perfectly aware of the gross ridicule to which I may subject myself by alluding to this particular; but I have lived too long, and observed too much, to be disturbed by the world's mockery... In the first place, the <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> ought not to be invested with power to control the affections, any more than the consciences of <a href="/wiki/Citizenship" title="Citizenship">citizens</a>. A man has at least as good a right to choose his <a href="/wiki/Wives" title="Wives">wife</a>, as he has to choose his <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>. His taste may not suit his neighbors; but so long as his deportment is correct, they have no right to interfere with his concerns... I do not know how the affair at Canterbury is generally considered; but I have heard individuals of all parties and all opinions speak of it—and never without merriment or indignation. Fifty years hence, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_codes" class="extiw" title="w:Black codes">black laws</a> of <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> will be a greater source of amusement to the antiquarian, than her famous <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_laws" class="extiw" title="w:Blue laws">blue laws</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Maria_Child" title="Lydia Maria Child">Lydia Maria Child</a>, <i>An Appeal on Behalf of That Class of Americans Called Africans</i> (1833), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/abolitn/abeslmca5t.html">Chapter VIII</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism tends to attract attention when it's flagrant and filled with invective. But like all bigotry, the most potent component of racism is frame-flipping - positioning the bigot as the actual victim. So the <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">gay</a> do not simply want to marry; they want to convert our <a href="/wiki/Children" title="Children">children</a> into <a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">sin</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews">Jews</a> do not merely want to be left in peace; they actually are plotting world take-over. And the blacks are not actually victims of <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> power, but beneficiaries of the war against hard-working <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">whites</a>. This is a respectable, more sensible, <a href="/wiki/Bigotry" title="Bigotry">bigotry</a>, one that does not seek to name-call, preferring instead change the subject and straw man. Thus <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">segregation</a> wasn't necessary to keep the niggers in line; it was necessary to protect the honor of <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a> <a href="/wiki/Women" title="Women">women</a>. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta-Nehisi_Coates" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Ta-Nehisi Coates">Ta-Nehisi Coates</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100718213545/http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2010/07/the-case-against-the-naacp/59793">"The NAACP is Right"</a> (15 July 2010), <i>The Atlantic</i>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="D">D</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: D"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">economy</a> by <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalists</a> from the North gave <a href="/wiki/Lynching" title="Lynching">lynching</a> its most vigorous impulse. If <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Black people</a>, by means of <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">terror</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mass_racial_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Mass racial violence in the United States">violence</a>, could remain the most brutally exploited group within the swelling ranks of the <a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a>, the capitalists could enjoy a double advantage. Extra <a href="/wiki/Profit" title="Profit">profits</a> would result from the superexploitation of Black <a href="/wiki/Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor">labor</a>, and white workers’ hostilities toward their employers would be defused. White workers who assented to lynching necessarily assumed a posture of racial solidarity with the white men who were really their oppressors. This was a critical moment in the popularization of <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">ideology</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a>, <i>Women, Race and Class</i> (1983)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>That there have been in all ages and in all countries, in every quarter of <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">the habitable globe</a>, especially among those nations laying the greatest claim to <a href="/wiki/Civilization" title="Civilization">civilization</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_(spiritual)" title="Enlightenment (spiritual)">enlightenment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_class" title="Social class">classes</a> of people who have been deprived of <a href="/wiki/Equality" title="Equality">equal</a> <a href="/wiki/Privilege" title="Privilege">privileges</a>, political, religious and social, cannot be denied, and that this deprivation on the part of the <a href="/wiki/Ruling_class" title="Ruling class">ruling classes</a> is cruel and unjust, is also equally true. Such classes have even been looked upon as inferior to their oppressors, and have ever been mainly the domestics and menials of society, doing the low offices and drudgery of those among whom they lived, moving about and existing by mere sufferance, having no rights nor privileges but those conceded by the common consent of their political superiors. These are historical facts that cannot be controverted. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Delany" title="Martin Delany">Martin Delany</a>, <i>The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States</i> (1852), Chapter 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Wherever there is arbitrary rule, there must be necessity, on the part of the dominant classes, superiority be assumed. To assume superiority, is to deny the equality of others. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Delany" title="Martin Delany">Martin Delany</a>, <i>The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States</i> (1852), Chapter 1</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="E">E</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: E"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The continual subjugation of the masses depends on competition and internal disunity. As long as <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a> exists, and racial or ethnic <a href="/wiki/Minority_group" title="Minority group">minorities</a> are <a href="/wiki/Oppressed" class="mw-redirect" title="Oppressed">oppressed</a>, the entire <a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">working class</a> is oppressed and weakened. This is so because the <a href="/wiki/Capitalist_class" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist class">Capitalist class</a> is able to use racism to drive down the <a href="/wiki/Wages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wages">wages</a> of individual segments of the working class by inciting racial antagonism and forcing a fight for jobs and services. This division is a development that ultimately undercuts the living standards of all workers. Moreover, by pitting <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">whites</a> against <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Blacks</a> and other oppressed <a href="/wiki/Nations" title="Nations">nationalities</a>, the Capitalist class is able to prevent workers from uniting against their common class enemy. As long as workers are fighting each other, Capitalist class rule is secure. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Kom%27boa_Ervin" title="Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin">Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lorenzo-kom-boa-ervin-anarchism-and-the-black-revolution">Anarchism and the Black Revolution</a></i> (1993)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The victims of racism know best how to fight back against it. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Kom%27boa_Ervin" title="Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin">Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lorenzo-kom-boa-ervin-anarchism-and-the-black-revolution">Anarchism and the Black Revolution</a></i> (1993)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="F">F</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: F"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>If it can plausibly be argued that '<a href="/wiki/Race" class="mw-disambig" title="Race">race</a>' is not a genetically meaningful concept, the question the <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a> must address is why it has nevertheless been such a powerful and violent preoccupation of modern times. An answer that suggests itself - also, as it happens, from the <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a> on <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolutionary</a> <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a> - is that racism, in the sense of a strongly articulated sense of racial differentiation, is one of those 'mêmes' characterized by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Richard Dawkins</a> as behaving in the realm of <a href="/wiki/Ideas" title="Ideas">ideas</a> the way <a href="/wiki/Genes" class="mw-redirect" title="Genes">genes</a> behave in the natural world. The idea of biologically distinct races, ironically, has been able to reproduce itself and retain its integrity far more successfully than the races it claims to identify. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niall_Ferguson" title="Niall Ferguson">Niall Ferguson</a>, <i>The War of the World: Twentieth-Century Conflict and the Descent of the West</i> (2006), p. li</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>You speak of racism, for example, and I tell you that there's no such thing as race. The point is that racism is the product of tribalism and <a href="/wiki/Ignorance" title="Ignorance">ignorance</a> and both are falling victim to communications and world-around literacy. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller" title="Buckminster Fuller">Buckminster Fuller</a> as quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=kVMEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22Pollution+is+nothing+but+resources+we're+not+harvesting+We+allow+them+to+disperse+because+we've+been+ignorant+of+their+value%22&pg=PA52#v=onepage">"The View from the Year 2000"</a> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Farrell_(journalist)" class="extiw" title="w:Barry Farrell (journalist)">Barry Farrell</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_(magazine)" class="extiw" title="w:Life (magazine)"><i>LIFE</i> magazine</a> (26 February 1971)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="G">G</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: G"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Once again a 'hate stare' drew my attention like a magnet. It came from a middle-aged, heavyset, well-dressed white man. He sat a few yards away, fixing his eyes on me. Nothing can describe the withering horror of this. You feel lost, sick at heart before such unmasked hatred, not so much because it threatens you as because it shows humans in such an inhuman light. You see a kind of insanity, something so obscene the very obscenity of it (rather than its threat) terrifies you. It was so new I could not take my eyes from the man's face. I felt like saying, 'What in God's name are you doing to yourself?' <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>So the noise poured forth like a jazzed-up fugue, louder and louder to cover the whisper in every man’s soul. “You are black. You are condemned.” This is what the white man mistook for “jubilant living” and called “whooping it up.” This is how the white man can say, “They live like dogs,” never realizing why they must, to save themselves, shout, get drunk, shake the hip, pour pleasures into bellies deprived of happiness. Otherwise, the sounds from the quarter would lose order and rhythm and become wails.” <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The social studies I’ve read... don’t deal with any basic difference in human nature between black and white... They only study the effects of environment on <a href="/wiki/Human_nature" title="Human nature">human nature</a>. You place the white man in the ghetto, deprive him of educational advantages, arrange it so he has to struggle hard to fulfill his instinct for <a href="/wiki/Self-respect" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-respect">self-respect</a>, give him little physical <a href="/wiki/Privacy" title="Privacy">privacy</a> and less <a href="/wiki/Leisure" title="Leisure">leisure</a>, and he would after a time assume the same characteristics you attach to the Negro. These characteristics don’t spring from whiteness or blackness, but from a man’s conditioning. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>What fragmented <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a> really meant was what happened to a black man who tried to make it in this society: in order to succeed, he had to become an imitation white man - dress white, talk white, think white, express the values of middle-class white culture (at least when he was in the presence of white men). Implied in all this was the hiding, the denial, of his selfhood, his negritude, his culture, as though they were somehow shameful. If he succeeded, he was an alienated marginal man - alienated from the strength of his culture and from fellow black men, and never able, of course, to become that imitation white man because he bore the pigment that made the white man view him as intrinsically other. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>The emotional garbage I had carried all of those years - the prejudice and the denial, the shame and the guilt - was dissolved by understanding that the Other is not other at all.</b> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>By keeping “peaceful” in this instance, we end up consenting to the destruction of all peace - for so long as we condone injustice by a small but powerful group, we condone the destruction of all social stability, all real peace <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>He was not talking with US, but with his IMAGE of us. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me</i></a> (1961)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="H">H</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: H"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>With the <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd" title="George Floyd">George Floyd</a> protests and people's uprising, white folks are seeing, again, that what Black and brown folks have been saying about <a href="/wiki/Police_brutality" class="mw-redirect" title="Police brutality">police thuggery</a> is true. Now the police are brutalizing white people... People of color always, throughout <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">American history</a>, suffer first. They are the first to suffer — and they suffer disproportionately. But de-industrialization has now hit the white working class. The tools of control are now being used against them. Overall, I don't so much fault the white racists. They are what they are. I fault the white <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberals</a> who really did not pay attention to what was happening to primarily poor people of color in urban areas... <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hedges" title="Chris Hedges">Chris Hedges</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2020/07/16/chris-hedges-america-faces-a-historic-choice--ugly-corporate-tyranny-or-revolution">Chris Hedges: America faces a historic choice — "ugly corporate tyranny" or revolution, Chuncey Devega, <i>Salon</i></a> (16 July 2020)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="J">J</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: J"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Racism is a <a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">sin</a>, which is a serious offense to God. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigdywiecej.org/pdf/pl/pismo/16/031_Kazde-prawe-sumienie.pdf">Nigdywiecej.org</a> March 13, 2020</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="K">K</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: K"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>This idea of a <a href="/wiki/Post-racial_America" title="Post-racial America">post-racial society</a> was quite possibly the most sophisticated racist idea ever created. Because unlike previous racist ideas, that specifically told us how we should think about particular people of color, or how we should think about this particular racial group. What post-racial ideas did was it said to us racism doesn't exist, racist policy doesn't exist, in the face of all of these racial inequities. And so then it caused us to say, OK, this inequity, like, the <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black</a> <a href="/wiki/Unemployment" title="Unemployment">unemployment</a> rate being twice as high as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_people" class="extiw" title="w:White people">white</a> unemployment rate, it can't exist because of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_discrimination#Ethnicity_3" class="extiw" title="w:Employment discrimination">racism</a>. It must exist because there's something wrong with black workers. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibram_X._Kendi" class="extiw" title="w:Ibram X. Kendi">Ibram X. Kendi</a>, as interviewed by Rachel Martin in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2019/08/14/751027770/how-racism-has-evolved-over-the-last-2-u-s-presidencies">“How Racism Has Evolved Over The Last 2 U.S. Presidencies”</a>, <i>NPR Morning Edition</i>, (August 14, 2019).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>And if we are to open employment opportunities in this country for members of all races and creeds, then the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal Government</a> must set an example…. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> himself must set the key example. I am not going to promise a Cabinet post or any other post to any race or ethnic group. That is <a href="/wiki/Reverse_racism" title="Reverse racism">racism in reverse</a> at its worst. So I do not promise to consider race or religion in my appointments if I am successful. I promise only that I will not consider them. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, campaign speech, Wittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio (October 17, 1960); <i>Freedom of Communications</i>, final report of the Committee on Commerce, United States Senate, part 1 (1961), p. 635. Senate Rept. 87–994.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>When you teach a man to hate and fear his brother, when you teach that he is a lesser man because of his color or his beliefs or the policies he pursues, when you teach that those who differ from you threaten your freedom or your job or your family, then you also learn to confront others not as fellow citizens but as enemies, to be met not with cooperation but with conquest; to be subjugated and mastered. We learn, at the last, to look at our brothers as aliens, men with whom we share a city, but not a community; men bound to us in common dwelling, but not in common effort. We learn to share only a common fear, only a common desire to retreat from each other, only a common impulse to meet disagreement with force. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Mindless_Menace_of_Violence" class="extiw" title="s:On the Mindless Menace of Violence">speech</a> given the day after the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._assassination" class="extiw" title="w:Martin Luther King, Jr. assassination">Martin Luther King, Jr. assassination</a>. Delivered at the City Club of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, 5 April 1968.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>No ally is better than one’s own race. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Young-sam" title="Kim Young-sam">Kim Young-sam</a>, as quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-north-koreas-motives-and-why-some-south-koreans-admire-the-north-83639">"What the West gets wrong about North Korea’s motives, and why some South Koreans admire the North"</a> (8 September 2017), <i>The Conversation</i></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Let's start with a simple definition of the concept: racism is the belief that there are differences in the abilities and characteristics of people according to the colour of their skin. Sometimes it may be expressed as a distinction between different religious beliefs. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaled_Al_Khamissi" class="extiw" title="w:Khaled Al Khamissi">Khaled Al Khamissi</a>, in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.qantara.de/content/black-lives-matter-in-egypt-the-controversy-surrounding-racism-are-arabs-racist">The controversy surrounding racism – are Arabs racist?</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>It is reprehensible, but not unusual for a girl whose skin is dark or "brunette" as we say in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, to hear <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_Arab_world" title="Racism in the Arab world">racist</a> comments from Egyptian men who are dark-skinned themselves. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaled_Al_Khamissi" class="extiw" title="w:Khaled Al Khamissi">Khaled Al Khamissi</a>, in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.qantara.de/content/black-lives-matter-in-egypt-the-controversy-surrounding-racism-are-arabs-racist">The controversy surrounding racism – are Arabs racist?</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Your accepted conceptions of cosmogony — whether from the theological or scientific standpoints —do not enable you to solve a single <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropological</a> or even ethnical problem and they stand in your way whenever you attempt to solve the problem of the races on this planet... Go on saying, <i>Our planet and man were created</i> — and you will be fighting against hard facts for ever, analyzing and losing time over trifling details—unable to even grasp the whole. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koot_Hoomi" class="extiw" title="w:Koot Hoomi">Koot Hoomi</a>, in <a href="/wiki/The_Mahatma_Letters_to_A._P._Sinnett" title="The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett"><i>The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett</i></a>, p. 75-76 (1923)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L">L</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: L"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Racism: The belief in the inherent superiority of one race over all others and thereby the right to dominance. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audre_Lorde" title="Audre Lorde">Audre Lorde</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister_Outsider" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Sister Outsider">Sister Outsider</a>: Essays and Speeches</i>. Crossing Press. 1984. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89594-142-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89594-142-8">ISBN 978-0-89594-142-8</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Awikipedia%3ASister+Outsider%7CSister+Outsider%5D%5D%3A+Essays+and+Speeches&rft.date=1984&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B45&rft.pub=Crossing+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-89594-142-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anger" title="Anger">Anger</a> is an appropriate reaction to racist attitudes, as is fury when the actions arising from those attitudes do not change. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audre_Lorde" title="Audre Lorde">Audre Lorde</a>, <i>The Uses of Anger: Women Responding to Racism</i>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister_Outsider" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Sister Outsider">Sister Outsider</a>: Essays and Speeches</i>. Crossing Press. 1984. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89594-142-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89594-142-8">ISBN 978-0-89594-142-8</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Awikipedia%3ASister+Outsider%7CSister+Outsider%5D%5D%3A+Essays+and+Speeches&rft.date=1984&rft.pub=Crossing+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-89594-142-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="M">M</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: M"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Racial differences will fade away in the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Aquarius" title="Age of Aquarius">New World</a>.<br /> Speak not of races. The drops of different seas are alike. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maitreya_(Theosophy)" title="Maitreya (Theosophy)">Maitreya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agni_Yoga#Leaves_of_Morya’s_Garden:_Book_One:_The_Call_(1924)" title="Agni Yoga"><i>Leaves of Morya’s Garden, Book One, The Call</i></a> (1924)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racial discrimination in the United States is a product of the <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialist</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" title="American imperialism">imperialist</a> system. The contradiction between the Black masses in the United States and the U.S. ruling circles is a class contradiction. Only by overthrowing the reactionary rule of the U.S. monopoly <a href="/wiki/Capitalist_class" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist class">capitalist class</a> and destroying the colonialist and imperialist system can the Black people in the United States win complete emancipation. The Black masses and the masses of white working people in the United States have common interests and common objectives to struggle for. Therefore, the Afro-American struggle is winning sympathy and support from increasing numbers of white working people and <a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">progressives</a> in the United States. The struggle of the Black people in the United States is bound to merge with the <a href="/wiki/Labor_history_of_the_United_States" title="Labor history of the United States">American workers’ movement</a>, and this will eventually end the criminal rule of the U.S. monopoly capitalist class. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-9/mswv9_80.htm">A New Storm Against Imperialism</a>” (1968)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>It would be a great mistake to look upon racism as an irrational doctrine: racism is not a doctrine of irrationalism, it is the very surging up of irrationalism as an elemental force, getting rid of all doctrine, truth and rational structure. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Jacques Maritain</a> (1939), <i>The Twilight of Civilization</i> (<i>La crépuscule de la civilisation</i>), translated by Lionel Landry. London: Sheed & Ward, 1946, p. 21.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Timothy Tseng reports that <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theological</a> engagements with race have been chequered. For the most part, Christians in history have accommodated the dominant views of human nature, whether the <a href="/wiki/Great_chain_of_being" title="Great chain of being">Great Chain of Being</a> rooted in <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotelian</a> thought or the emancipated self rooted in the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a>. Nevertheless, the church’s core affirmations about the <i>imago dei</i>, “one blood” origins of <a href="/wiki/Humanity" title="Humanity">humanity</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Universalism" title="Universalism">universality</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">sin</a>, the universal availability of <a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">salvation</a> through <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">eschatological</a> vision of the <a href="/wiki/Nations" title="Nations">nations</a> before the throne of God often challenged the racism that accompanied European expansionism. Tesng notes that while evangelical theology did little or nothing to engage race and racism in previous centuries, <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> awakenings and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentecostalism" class="extiw" title="w:Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> movement helped the Church see with greater clarity the transracial implications of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">gospel</a>, and helped dispel the mythical character of “race.” He urges evangelicals to examine hidden assumptions, use ethnic studies and critical race theory, speak prophetically against racism, and pay attention not only to multiracial but also ethnic congregations. <ul><li>McDermott, Gerald R., ed. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Evangelical_Theol/CPRWjoGOQJkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover">“The Oxford Handbook of Evangelical Theology”</a>, <i>Oxford University Press</i>. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195369441" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780195369441</a>. p.16</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Because their acts of racism often have been so violent and blatant, discussions of racism over the years have centered on <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservatives</a> and hardcore racists. But as these few paragraphs have attempted to show, although they have not been publicly associated with acts of physical violence acts, Christian <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberals</a> are little different than <a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">their conservative counterparts</a> when it comes to embracing the twisted <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> theological ideas first planted by the <a href="/wiki/Puritans" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritans">Puritans</a>. <br /> The one glaring difference between the two groups is that liberals throughout American history have learned to be more sophisticated with their antiblackess. From the Puritan era to the present, their sophistication often has been in the form of an eerie <a href="/wiki/Silence" title="Silence">silence</a> regarding the matter of race and racism. For example, the writings of heralded American theologians stretching from <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Edwards_(theologian)" title="Jonathan Edwards (theologian)">Jonathan Edwards</a> through <a href="/wiki/H._Richard_Niebuhr" title="H. Richard Niebuhr">H. Richard Niebuhr</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tillich" title="Paul Tillich">Paul Tilich</a> are conspicuously empty of any critical analysis of the interplay between Christian ideas of racism. While all of these “giants” wrote volumes analyzing the finer points of theology and showing how theology relates to human enterprises, none raised a question about how <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestants</a> repeatedly have corrupted theology in order to justify antiblackness as God-ordained. <br /> As we seek to not only understand but also to find solutions to the persistent problem of racism, the silence of these revered liberal Protestant thinkers is most troubling. Troubling because their writings – void of any critique of Protestantism’s racist history – are the very ones that seminaries and graduate schools of religion continue to lift up as standard reasoning for all who would learn and embrace the Protestant faith. Free of any critique of Protestant history in shaping racist attitudes, these writings give the false illusion that this faith is colorblind. But as these pages have attempted to demonstrate, skin color has always been one of the key embraces of many who embrace this tradition. Indeed, as Kyle Haselden said, Protestanism in the hands of bigoted Christians has long been the “other of racial patterns, the purveyor of arrant sedatives, and the teacher of moral moralities” as it relates to black people (Haselden, 1964:14). <ul><li>McGrath, Alister E.; Marks, Darren C. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Blackwell_Companion_to_Protestantism/Nw0wiHZ6BlYC?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover">”The Blackwell companion to Protestantism”</a>. John Wiley & Sons. Protestantism and Racism. pp. 368-369</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Rarely does a historian venture solutions. But I offer one here. In an era when some are asking again what can we do to bring an end to race prejudice, we must once more insist that Protestant churches are one, if not the, starting point. The churches hold this status because they still have not confessed and repented of their sins in making racism a cornerstone of this society. If there is any hope of a day when antiblackness will no longer be a hallmark of the society, Christians must rise up and be the first to confess the mighty role Protestantism has played in shaping that bigotry. Such a confession has been difficult for a variety of reasons. But the neglect of scholars to tell the story of how Protetantism and its theologians, from the Puritan era to the present, often have been leaders in planting, resowing, and resowing again and again the evil seeds of race hate into the very soul of America stands large. <ul><li>McGrath, Alister E.; Marks, Darren C. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Blackwell_Companion_to_Protestantism/Nw0wiHZ6BlYC?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover">”The Blackwell companion to Protestantism”</a>. John Wiley & Sons. Protestantism and Racism. p.369,</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All" class="mw-redirect" title="All">All</a> <a href="/wiki/Mankind" class="mw-redirect" title="Mankind">mankind</a> is from <a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Eve" title="Adam and Eve">Adam and Eve</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> has no <a href="/wiki/Superiority" class="mw-redirect" title="Superiority">superiority</a> over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a> has no superiority over black nor a <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black</a> has any superiority over white except by <a href="/wiki/Piety" title="Piety">piety</a> and <a href="/wiki/Good" class="mw-redirect" title="Good">good</a> <a href="/wiki/Action" title="Action">action</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Sermon" title="Farewell Sermon">Farewell Sermon</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="N">N</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: N"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The inequity of minority imprisonment is not only one of greater numbers, it is also one of greater duration of confinement once imprisoned. It has become increasingly evident that, proportionally, minority group members convicted of crimes are at greater risk of being: (a) sentenced to a term of <a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">imprisonment</a>, (b) sentenced to a longer term of imprisonment, and (c) forced to serve a longer portion of any given term of imprisonment. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Minority_Advisory_Council" class="extiw" title="w:National Minority Advisory Council">National Minority Advisory Council</a>, "The Inequality of Justice: A Report on Crime and the Administration of Justice in the Minority Community", <i>Office of Justice Assistance, Research and Statistics, U.S. Department of Justice</i>, Washington, D.C., September 1980, p. 243), as qtd. in Joan Petersilia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/127137NCJRS.pdf">"Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System"</a>, <i>National Institute of Corrections, Department of Justice</i>, (June 1983), p. 63.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O">O</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: O"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The emotions between the races could never be pure; even love was tarnished by the desire to find in the other some element that was missing in ourselves. Whether we sought out our demons or salvation, the other race would always remain just that: menacing, alien, and apart. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, <i>Dreams from My Father</i> (1995)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The colonists are by the <a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">law of nature</a> free born, as indeed all men are, white or black... Does it follow that tis right to <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">enslave</a> a man because he is black? Will short curl'd hair like wool, of christian hair, as tis called by those, hearts are as hard as the nether millstone, help the argument? Can any logical inference in favour of slavery, be drawn from a flat nose, a long or a short face. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Otis_Jr." title="James Otis Jr.">James Otis Jr.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n0IABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA74&dq=%22james+otis%22+%22freeborn+As+indeed+all+men+are%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CC4Q6AEwA2oVChMIsMPjxNfRxwIVyTI-Ch1OgwSt#v=onepage&q=%22james%20otis%22%20%22freeborn%20As%20indeed%20all%20men%20are%22&f=false"><i>The Rights of the British Colonies</i></a> (1764).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>When the mind senses a potentially harmful situation, it tells the body to prepare by increasing its heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. This response helped earlier humans outrun or fight predators and enemies. <br /> Today’s stressful situations, more likely a challenging interaction at work or a misbehaving child, result in the same physical reactions even though we are less likely to experience physical danger. The problem is, when this stress response is repeated frequently over time, evidence shows it leads to health problems including <a href="/wiki/Depression" title="Depression">depression</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia" class="extiw" title="w:Insomnia">insomnia</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_disease" class="extiw" title="w:Heart disease">heart disease</a>, skin rashes, and gastrointestinal problems—just to name a few. <br /> Now a growing body of evidence demonstrates that racial discrimination triggers this stress response. As a result, racial minorities may experience more health problems compared to others. One review of 121 studies published in 2013 found that youth between the ages of 12 and 18 who experienced discrimination were significantly more likely to experience mental health problems such as depression and anxiety compared to those who did not experience discrimination. Another review of 66 studies found that black American adults who perceived they were subjected to racism were more likely to experience mental health problems and more likely to report a lower quality of life. <ul><li>Anthony Ong in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/evidence-based-living/201710/examining-the-link-between-racism-and-health">”Examining the Link Between Racism and Health”</a>, <i>Psychology Today</i>, (Oct 19, 2017)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="P">P</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: P"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>I always say that racism is like pneumonia and anti-Semitism is like the common cold—everybody has it. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Paley" title="Grace Paley">Grace Paley</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2028/the-art-of-fiction-no-131-grace-paley">Interview</a> with The Paris Review (1992)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is simply an ugly form of <a href="/wiki/Collectivism" title="Collectivism">collectivism</a>, the mindset that views humans strictly as members of groups rather than individuals. Racists believe that all individuals who share superficial physical characteristics are alike: as collectivists, racists think only in terms of groups. By encouraging Americans to adopt a group mentality, the advocates of so-called "<a href="/wiki/Diversity" title="Diversity">diversity</a>" actually perpetuate racism. Their obsession with racial group identity is inherently racist. The true antidote to racism is <a href="/wiki/Liberty" title="Liberty">liberty</a>. Liberty means having a limited, <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional government">constitutional government</a> devoted to the protection of individual rights rather than group claims. Liberty means <a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">free-market</a> capitalism, which rewards individual achievement and competence, not skin color, gender, or ethnicity. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070418181353/http://www.house.gov/paul/tst/tst2007/tst041607.htm">"Government and Racism"</a> (16 April 2007), <i>United States House of Representatives</i>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>We are led to believe that racism is prejudicial behavior of one party against another rather than the coagulation of socioeconomic injustice against groups. If the state acts without prejudice (this is, if it acts <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" class="extiw" title="w:Equality before the law">equally</a>), then that is proof of the end of racism. Unequal socioeconomic conditions of today, based as they are on racisms of the past and of the present, are thereby rendered untouchable by the state. <a href="/wiki/Color_blindness_(racial_classification)" title="Color blindness (racial classification)">Color-blind</a> <a href="/wiki/Justice" title="Justice">justice</a> privatizes <a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality" title="Economic inequality">inequality</a> and racism, and it removes itself from the project of <a href="/wiki/Wealth_redistribution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wealth redistribution">redistributive</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-racism" title="Anti-racism">anti-racist</a> justice. This is the genteel racism of our new millennium. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Vijay Prashad</a>, <i>Everybody Was Kung Fu Fighting: Afro-Asian Connections and the Myth of Cultural Purity</i> (2002), p. 38</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Q">Q</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Q"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Black brothers often travel in droves; they are out at night out on the streets, nightclubs, and remote areas. They engage in <a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade" title="Illegal drug trade">drug trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_women" title="Violence against women">harassment of women</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fighting" title="Fighting">fighting</a>, which seriously disturbs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_and_order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law and order (page does not exist)">law and order</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>… <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africans</a> have a high rate of <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease" title="Ebola virus disease">Ebola virus</a> that can be transmitted via body fluids… If their population [keeps growing], <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> will change from a <a href="/wiki/Nation-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation-state">nation-state</a> to an <a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">immigration</a> country, from a yellow country to a black-and-yellow country. <ul><li>Pan Qinglin, as quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/945053/china-has-an-irrational-fear-of-a-black-invasion-bringing-drugs-crime-and-interracial-marriage/">China has an irrational fear of a “black invasion” bringing drugs, crime, and interracial marriage</a>, qz.com, March 30 2017. (original source in chinese <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.wenweipo.com/2017/03/03/IN1703030063.htm">here</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="R">R</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: R"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent,_1903.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg/220px-Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg/330px-Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg/440px-Theodore_Roosevelt_by_John_Singer_Sargent%2C_1903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1997" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>I cannot consent to take the position that the door of hope — the door of opportunity — is to be shut upon any man, no matter how worthy, purely upon the grounds of race or color. Such an attitude would, according to my convictions, be fundamentally wrong. ~ <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> </figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Racism is the lowest, most crudely primitive form of collectivism. It is the notion of ascribing moral, social or political significance to a man's <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetic</a> lineage—the notion that a man's intellectual and characterological traits are produced and transmitted by his internal body <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>. Which means, in practice, that a man is to be judged, not by his own character and actions, but by the characters and actions of a collective of ancestors. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a>, "Racism", <i>The Virtue of Selfishness</i> (1964)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism claims that the content of a man's <a href="/wiki/Mind" title="Mind">mind</a> (not his cognitive apparatus, but its content) is <a href="/wiki/Inheritance" title="Inheritance">inherited</a>; that a man's <a href="/wiki/Conviction" title="Conviction">convictions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Value_(ethics)" title="Value (ethics)">values</a> and <a href="/wiki/Character" title="Character">character</a> are determined before he is born, by physical forces beyond his control. This is the caveman's version of the doctrine of innate ideas—or of inherited <a href="/wiki/Knowledge" title="Knowledge">knowledge</a>—which has been thoroughly refuted by <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a>. Racism is a doctrine of, by and for brutes. It is a barnyard or stock-farm version of collectivism, appropriate to a mentality that differentiates between various breeds of animals, but not between animals and men. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alexpeak.com/twr/racism/">"Racism"</a>, <i>The Virtue of Selfishness</i> (1964)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Today, racism is regarded as a <a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">crime</a> if practiced by a majority—but as an inalienable right if practiced by a minority. <ul><li>Ayn Rand - The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution (1971)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is used by those with <a href="/wiki/Wealth" title="Wealth">wealth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Power" title="Power">power</a> to divide <a href="/wiki/Poor" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor">those with neither</a>, so they won’t see where all the wealth and power have gone. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reich" title="Robert Reich">Robert Reich</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1279503254024368130">Twitter,</a> (4 Jul 2020)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The simple fact is that no people can enslave another for centuries without coming out with a notion of superiority, and when the color and other physical traits of those peoples were quite different it was inevitable that the prejudice should take a racist form. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rodney" title="Walter Rodney">Walter Rodney</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Europe_Underdeveloped_Africa" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa">How Europe Underdeveloped Africa</a></i>. Howard University Press. 1972. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0">ISBN 978-0-9501546-4-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Awikipedia%3AHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%7CHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%5D%5D&rft.date=1972&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B99&rft.pub=Howard+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-9501546-4-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> planters and miners enslaved Africans for <i>economic</i> reasons, so that their labor power could be exploited. [...] Then, having become utterly dependent on African labor, Europeans at home and abroad found it necessary to rationalize that exploitation in racist terms as well. Oppression follows logically from exploitation, so as to guarantee the latter. Oppression of African people on purely racial grounds accompanied, strengthened, and became indistinguishable from oppression for economic reasons. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rodney" title="Walter Rodney">Walter Rodney</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Europe_Underdeveloped_Africa" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa">How Europe Underdeveloped Africa</a></i>. Howard University Press. 1972. pp. 99-100. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0">ISBN 978-0-9501546-4-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Awikipedia%3AHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%7CHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%5D%5D&rft.date=1972&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B99-100&rft.pub=Howard+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-9501546-4-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Europeans were also racially motivated to seek political domination over Africa. The <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">nineteenth century</a> was one in which white racism was most violently and openly expressed in capitalist societies, with the <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">U.S.A.</a> as a focal point, and with <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Racism in the United Kingdom">Britain</a> taking the lead among the <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Europe">Western European</a> capitalist nations. Britain accepted granting dominion status to its old <a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">colonies of white settlers</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>; but it withdrew self-government from the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean">West Indies</a> when the white planters were ousted from the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislative assemblies</a> by black (or brown) people. As far as Africa is concerned, <a href="/wiki/Englishmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Englishmen">Englishmen</a> violently opposed black self-government such as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fante_Confederation" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Fante Confederation">Fante Confederation</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Gold Coast</a> in the 1860s. They also tried to erode the authority of black <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" class="extiw" title="w:Sierra Leone Creole people">Creoles in Sierra Leone</a>. In 1874, when <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourah_Bay_College" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Fourah Bay College">Fourah Bay College</a> sought and obtained affiliation with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durham_University" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Durham University">Durham University</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">the <i>Times</i></a> newspaper declared that Durham should next affiliate with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Zoo" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:London Zoo">London Zoo</a>! Pervasive and vicious racism was present in <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialism</a> as a variant independent of the economic rationality that initially gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Racism in the United Kingdom">racism</a>. It was economics that determined that Europe should <a href="/wiki/Investment" title="Investment">invest</a> in Africa and control the continent’s raw materials and labor. It was racism which confirmed the decision that the form of control should be <a href="/wiki/Colonisation_of_Africa" title="Colonisation of Africa">direct colonial rule</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rodney" title="Walter Rodney">Walter Rodney</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Europe_Underdeveloped_Africa" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:How Europe Underdeveloped Africa">How Europe Underdeveloped Africa</a></i>. Howard University Press. 1972. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9501546-4-0">ISBN 978-0-9501546-4-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Awikipedia%3AHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%7CHow+Europe+Underdeveloped+Africa%5D%5D&rft.date=1972&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B155&rft.pub=Howard+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-9501546-4-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>We are a nation of many nationalities, many races, many religions, bound together by a single unity, the unity of freedom and equality. Whoever seeks to set one nationality against another, seeks to degrade all nationalities. Whoever seeks to set one race against another seeks to enslave all races. Whoever seeks to set one religion against another, seeks to destroy all religion. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, campaign address, Brooklyn, New York (1 November 1940); <i>The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1940</i> (1941), p. 53</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>I cannot consent to take the position that the door of hope — the door of opportunity — is to be shut upon any man, no matter how worthy, purely upon the grounds of race or color. Such an attitude would, according to my convictions, be fundamentally wrong. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-Library/Record.aspx?libID=o266191">letter to James Adger Smythe</a> (26 November 1902)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="S">S</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: S"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The real tragedy is that there are some ignorant brothers out here. That's why I'm not on this all-white or all-black shit. I'm on this all-real or all fake shit with people, whatever color you are. Because niggas will do you. I mean, there's some niggas out there; the same niggas that did <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a>, the same niggas that did <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>; every 'brother' ain't a brother. They will do you. So just because it's black, don't mean it's cool; and just because it's white don't mean it's evil. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tupac_Shakur" title="Tupac Shakur">Tupac Shakur</a>, from an interview, as quoted in <i>Tupac: Resurrection</i> (2003)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Several studies have shown a positive correlation between perceived experiences with <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a> and measures of psychological <a href="/wiki/Distress" class="mw-redirect" title="Distress">distress</a>. Indeed, perceived discrimination predicted psychiatric symptoms related to <a href="/wiki/Depression" title="Depression">depression</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a> better than <a href="/wiki/Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Age">age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gender" title="Gender">gender</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_class" title="Social class">social class</a>, or general stressors. Other studies have shown a positive correlation between self-reported perceptions of discrimination and poor physical <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a> outcomes including stroke, heart attack, diabetes, cancer, and lower birth weight babies. In addition, several studies have shown a positive correlation between perceptions of racial/ethnic discrimination and physiological outcomes, including resting BP, BP reactivity, and hypertensive status. Such correlational evidence, however, is not sufficient to conclude that perceived discrimination per se causes increases in BP. <ul><li>Jason Silverstein, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/03/how-racism-is-bad-for-our-bodies/273911/">“How Racism Is Bad for Our Bodies”</a>, <i>The Atlantic</i>, (Mar 12, 2013).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist">terrorist</a> act is the logical if extreme outcome of <a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">white supremacy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intolerance" title="Intolerance">intolerance</a>. Apparently, reasons this particular white supremacist gunman, 'if you can't own them, exploit them, or remove them, you kill them'. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooks_D._Simpson" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Brooks D. Simpson">Brooks D. Simpson</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwcrossroads.wordpress.com/2015/06/21/charleston-white-supremacy-black-lives-and-red-blood/">"Charleston: White Supremacy, Black Lives, and Red Blood"</a>, <i>Crossroads</i>, (21 June 2015).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>For those of you who are tired of hearing about racism, imagine how much more tired we are of experiencing it. ... The degree to which it is hard or uncomfortable for you to have the issue raised is the degree to which you know inside of yourself that you aren't dealing with the issue. ... I want to say right here that this is not a "guilt trip." It's a fact trip. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Smith" title="Barbara Smith">Barbara Smith</a>, "Racism and Women's Studies," Speech delivered at the 1979 National Women's Studies Association Annual Conference, as cited in <i>Black Feminism Reimagined After Intersectionality</i> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Duke University Press">Duke University Press</a>: 2018), p. 86</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Fifty years ago this month, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" class="extiw" title="w:John Howard Griffin">Griffin</a> published a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me">slim volume about his travels as a “black man.”</a> He expected it to be “an obscure work of interest primarily to sociologists,” but <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Like_Me" class="extiw" title="w:Black Like Me"><i>Black Like Me,</i></a> which told white Americans what they had long refused to believe, sold ten million copies and became a modern classic.<br /> <i>Black Like Me</i> disabused the idea that minorities were acting out of paranoia,” says <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Early" class="extiw" title="w:Gerald Early">Gerald Early</a>, a black scholar at Washington University and editor of Lure and Loathing: Essays on Race, Identity, and the Ambivalence of Assimilation. “There was this idea that black people said certain things about racism, and one rather expected them to say these things. Griffin revealed that what they were saying was true. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_Magazine" class="extiw" title="w:Smithsonian Magazine">Smithsonian Magazine</a>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/black-like-me-50-years-later-74543463/">https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/black-like-me-50-years-later-74543463/</a> <i>Black Like Me, 50 Years Later, Smithsonian Magazine,</i> October 2011</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>A terrorist act is the logical if extreme outcome of white supremacy and intolerance. Apparently, reasons this particular white supremacist gunman, 'if you can't own them, exploit them, or remove them, you kill them'. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooks_D._Simpson" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Brooks D. Simpson">Brooks D. Simpson</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwcrossroads.wordpress.com/2015/06/21/charleston-white-supremacy-black-lives-and-red-blood/">"Charleston: White Supremacy, Black Lives, and Red Blood"</a> (21 June 2015), <i>Crossroads</i>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>If you have always believed that everyone should play by the same rules and be judged by the same standards, that would have gotten you labeled a radical 50 years ago, a liberal 25 years ago and a racist today. <ul><li>Thomas Sowell - Creators Syndicate November 28, 1998.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism has never done this country any good, and it needs to be fought against, not put under new management for different groups. <ul><li>Thomas Sowell - "Out of Context", Jewish World Review, 2 June 2009</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="T">T</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: T"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>We hold as undeniable truths that the governments of the various States, and of the confederacy itself, were established exclusively by the white race, for themselves and their posterity; that the African race had no agency in their establishment; that they were rightfully held and regarded as an inferior and dependent race, and in that condition only could their existence in this country be rendered beneficial or tolerable. <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/primarysources/declarationofcauses.html"><i>Texas Declaration of Secession</i></a> (1861).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Among these widely differing families of men, the first that attracts attention, the superior in intelligence, in power, and in enjoyment, is the white, or European, the MAN pre-eminently so called, below him appear the Negro and the Indian... The most formidable of all the ills that threaten the future of the Union arises from the presence of a black population upon its territory; and in contemplating the cause of the present embarrassments, or the future dangers of the United States, the observer is invariably led to this as a primary fact... You may set the Negro free, but you cannot make him otherwise than an alien to the European. Nor is this all we scarcely acknowledge the common features of humanity in this stranger whom slavery has brought among us. His physiognomy is to our eyes hideous, his understanding weak, his tastes low; and we are almost inclined to look upon him as a being intermediate between man and the brutes. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Alexis de Tocqueville</a> (1835) <i>Democracy in America</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/DETOC/1_ch18.htm">part 1, chapter 18</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>As a people <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">we</a> are fighting to maintain the <a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">Heaven</a>-ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_American" class="extiw" title="w:African American">colored race</a>; a white flag would thus be emblematical of our cause. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Tappan_Thompson" title="William Tappan Thompson">William T. Thompson</a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savannah_Morning_News" class="extiw" title="w:Savannah Morning News">Savannah Morning News</a></i> (23 April 1863), as quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140127072956/http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/13/the-birth-of-the-stainless-banner/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0">"The Birth of the Stainless Banner"</a> (13 May 2013), by John M. Coski, <i>The New York Times</i>, New York: The New York Times Company.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The other problem with saying that people like that are just a product of their time is that not everyone at that time did think like that, and it kinda lets them off the hook. A lot of people thought that slavery was okay, but you know what: The slaves didn’t. And they said so, pretty loudly and often. So if other people thought that slavery was alright, it wasn’t ‘cause they didn’t know, it’s because they chose not to listen to that. They chose not to know. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Thorn" title="Abigail Thorn">Abigail Thorn</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weiz9wbIcGQ">Is Philoshopy Just White Guys Jerking Off? | Philosophy Tube</a>, 09.11.2018</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is a full-blown normative theory in its own right. Writing it off as just “hate” which needs “love” to combat it can be a little bit reductionist; it can stop us from understanding it. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Thorn" title="Abigail Thorn">Abigail Thorn</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weiz9wbIcGQ">Is Philoshopy Just White Guys Jerking Off? | Philosophy Tube</a>, 09.11.2018</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>I have black guys counting my money! I hate it. ... The only kind of people I want counting my money are short guys that wear yarmulkes every day. ... Laziness is a trait in blacks. It really is, I believe that. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, "Recalled" by John "Jack" O'Donnell, former president of Trump Plaza Hotel & Casino in "Trumped!: The Inside Story of the Real Donald Trump -His Cunning Rise and Spectacular Fall", (1991-01-01), John R. O'Donnell, James Rutherford, Simon & Schuster, New York, cited in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=4285">"Ignoring Trump's Record of Racism"</a>, <i>Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting</i> (2011-05-06).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>What is racism? The word has represented daily reality to millions of black people for centuries, yet it is rarely defined—perhaps just because that reality has been such a commonplace. By “racism” we mean the predication of decisions and policies on considerations of race for the purpose of <i>subordinating</i> a racial group and maintaining control over that group. That has been the practice of this country toward the black man; we shall see why and how. Racism is both overt and covert. It takes two, closely related forms: individual whites acting against individual blacks, and acts by the total white community against the black community. We call these individual racism and <a href="/wiki/Institutional_racism" title="Institutional racism">institutional racism</a>. The first consists of overt acts by individuals, which cause death, injury or the violent destruction of <a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">property</a>. This type can be recorded by television cameras; it can frequently be observed in the process of commission. The second type is less overt, far more subtle, less identifiable in terms of specific individuals committing the acts. But it is no less destructive of human life. The second type originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than the first type. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Ture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwame Ture">Kwame Ture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_V._Hamilton" title="Charles V. Hamilton">Charles V. Hamilton</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i>Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America</i>. Vintage Books. 1967. pp. 3-4. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5">ISBN 978-0-394-70033-5</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Power%3A+The+Politics+of+Liberation+in+America&rft.date=1967&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B3-4&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-394-70033-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>When <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States#White_nationalism_and_white_supremacy" class="extiw" title="w:Terrorism in the United States">white terrorists</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Street_Baptist_Church_bombing" class="extiw" title="w:16th Street Baptist Church bombing">bomb a black church</a> and kill five black children, that is an act of individual racism, widely deplored by most segments of the society. But when in that same city—<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a>—five hundred black babies die each year because of the lack of proper food, shelter and <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">medical facilities</a>, and thousands more are destroyed and maimed physically, emotionally and intellectually because of conditions of <a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">poverty</a> and discrimination in the black community, that is a function of institutional racism. When a black family moves into a home in a white neighborhood and is stoned, burned or routed out, they are victims of an overt act of individual racism which many people will condemn—at least in words. But it is institutional racism that keeps black people locked in dilapidated slum tenements, subject to the daily prey of exploitative slumlords, merchants, loan sharks and discriminatory <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a> agents. The society either pretends it does not know of this latter situation, or is in fact incapable of doing anything meaningful about it. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Ture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwame Ture">Kwame Ture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_V._Hamilton" title="Charles V. Hamilton">Charles V. Hamilton</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i>Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America</i>. Vintage Books. 1967. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5">ISBN 978-0-394-70033-5</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Power%3A+The+Politics+of+Liberation+in+America&rft.date=1967&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B4&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-394-70033-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism is not merely exclusion on the basis of race but exclusion for the purpose of subjugating or maintaining subjugation. The goal of the racists is to keep black people on the bottom, arbitrarily and dictatorially, as they have done in this country for over three hundred years. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Ture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwame Ture">Kwame Ture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_V._Hamilton" title="Charles V. Hamilton">Charles V. Hamilton</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i>Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America</i>. Vintage Books. 1967. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-70033-5">ISBN 978-0-394-70033-5</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Power%3A+The+Politics+of+Liberation+in+America&rft.date=1967&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B47&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-394-70033-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>One of the strategies of racism is to confuse the victims into believing all their victories should be awarded to the oppressor. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Ture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwame Ture">Kwame Ture</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Power:_The_Politics_of_Liberation" class="extiw" title="w:Black Power: The Politics of Liberation">Black Power: Politics of Liberation in America</a></i>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 10 November 1992. p. 193. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-679-74313-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-679-74313-2">ISBN 978-0-679-74313-2</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5Bw%3ABlack+Power%3A+The+Politics+of+Liberation%7CBlack+Power%3A+Politics+of+Liberation+in+America%5D%5D&rft.date=10+November+1992&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B193&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.isbn=978-0-679-74313-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Racism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Afterword</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Nearly all black and brown skins are beautiful, but a beautiful white skin is rare. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a>, <i>Following the Equator: A Journey Around the World</i> (1899).</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U">U</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: U"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Our acceptance of race-based state action has been rare for a reason. “Distinctions between citizens solely because of their ancestry are by their very nature odious to a free people whose institutions are founded upon the doctrine of equality.” Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U. S. 495, 517 (2000) (quoting Hirabayashi v. United States, 320 U. S. 81, 100 (1943)). That principle cannot be overridden except in the most extraordinary case. <ul><li>US Supreme Court, Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. ___ (2023)</li></ul></li> <li>We cannot be guided by those who would desire less in our <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">Constitution</a>, or by those who would desire more. “The Constitution abhors classifications based on race, not only because those classifications can harm favored races or are based on illegitimate motives, but also because every time the government places citizens on racial registers and makes race relevant to the provision of burdens or benefits, it demeans us all.” Grutter, 539 U. S., at 353 (opinion of THOMAS, J.). <ul><li>US Supreme Court, Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. ___ (2023)</li></ul></li> <li>The solution to our Nation’s racial problems thus cannot come from policies grounded in affirmative action or some other conception of equity. Racialism simply cannot be undone by different or more racialism. Instead, the solution announced in the second founding is incorporated in our Constitution: that we are all equal, and should be treated equally before the law without regard to our race. Only that promise can allow us to look past our differing skin colors and identities and see each other for what we truly are: individuals with unique thoughts, perspectives, and goals, but with equal dignity and equal rights under the law. <ul><li>US Supreme Court, Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. ___ (2023)</li></ul></li> <li>One of the principal reasons race is treated as a forbidden classification is that it demeans the dignity and worth of a person to be judged by ancestry instead of by his or her own merit and essential qualities. <ul><li>US Supreme Court, Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000)</li></ul></li> <li>If you're racist you're not that clever. I mean, you couldn't even figure out that we're all the f---ing same. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cenk_Uygur" title="Cenk Uygur">Cenk Uygur</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I49V9pdeVY4">"The SCARIEST Thing About Trump" (15 February 2017)</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="W">W</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: W"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>There is patently no legitimate overriding purpose independent of invidious racial discrimination which justifies this classification. The fact that <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> prohibits only interracial marriages involving white persons demonstrates that the racial classifications must stand on their own justification, as measures designed to maintain White Supremacy. We have consistently denied the constitutionality of measures which restrict the rights of citizens on account of race. There can be no doubt that restricting the freedom to marry solely because of racial classifications violates the central meaning of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Protection_Clause" class="extiw" title="w:Equal Protection Clause">Equal Protection Clause</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Earl Warren</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Everyone-African-Science-Explodes-Myth/dp/1633880184/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8"><i>Loving v. Virginia</i></a> (1967).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Arbeiter horch, sie ziehn ins Feld,<br />Und schreien <b>für Nation und Rasse</b>.<br />Das ist der Krieg der Herrscher der Welt<br />Gegen die Arbeiterklasse. <ul><li>Workers, hearken, they are going to war<br />And they yell "<b>For <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nation</a> and race</b>!"<br />This war is the rulers of the world's<br />Against the <a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">working class</a>!‎</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Weinert" class="extiw" title="w:Erich Weinert">Erich Weinert</a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_heimliche_Aufmarsch" class="extiw" title="w:Der heimliche Aufmarsch">Der heimliche Aufmarsch</a></i> (1929)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a> was orthodox <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a> for a century or more... So the socialist intelligentsia of the western world entered the first world war publicly committed to racial purity and white domination, and no less committed to violence. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_G._Watson" class="extiw" title="w:George G. Watson">George G. Watson</a> "The Lost Literature of Socialism" (1998), UK: Lutterworth Press, Cambridge, pp. 78-79</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The authority of science … promotes and encourages the activity of observing, comparing, measuring and ordering the physical characteristics of human bodies.… <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Cartesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a> and classical ideals produced forms of <a href="/wiki/Reason" title="Reason">rationality</a>, scientificity and <a href="/wiki/Objectivity" title="Objectivity">objectivity</a> that, though efficacious in the quest for truth and knowledge, prohibited the intelligibility and legitimacy of black equality…. In fact, to "think" such an idea was to be deemed irrational, barbaric or mad. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a> (2002), <i>Prophesy Deliverance!</i>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Racism should be viewed as an intervening variable. You give me a set of conditions and I can produce racism in any society. You give me a different set of conditions and I can reduce racism. You give me a situation where there are a sufficient number of social resources so people don't have to compete for those resources, and I will show you a society where racism is held in check. If we could create the conditions that make racism difficult, or discourage it, then there would be less stress and less need for affirmative action programs. One of those conditions would be an economic policy that would create tight labor markets over long periods of time. Now does that mean that affirmative action is here only temporarily? I think the ultimate goal should be to remove it. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Julius_Wilson" title="William Julius Wilson">William Julius Wilson</a>, interview with <i>Mother Jones</i> magazine, September/October 1996 issue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.motherjones.com/news/qa/1996/09/early.html">[1]</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="X">X</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: X"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In the past, yes, I have made sweeping indictments of all white people. I will never be guilty of that again — as I know now that some white people are truly sincere, that some truly are capable of being brotherly toward a black man. The true <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> has shown me that a blanket indictment of all white people is as wrong as when whites make blanket indictments against blacks. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a>, as quoted in <i>Malcolm X: The Seeker of Justice</i> (2003); also quoted at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colostate.edu/Orgs/MSA/find_more/m_x.html">"Malcolm X - An Islamic Perspective"</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bigotry" title="Bigotry">Bigotry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Black people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">Colonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injustice" title="Injustice">Injustice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_racism" title="Institutional racism">Institutional racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prejudice" title="Prejudice">Prejudice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race" class="mw-disambig" title="Race">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Racism in fiction">Racism in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">Racism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_inequality" title="Social inequality">Social inequality</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Racism&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article about: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Racism">Racism</a></b></i></div> </div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Racism&oldid=3653572">https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Racism&oldid=3653572</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Racism" title="Category:Racism">Racism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vices" title="Category:Vices">Vices</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Category:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 January 2025, at 08:27.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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