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class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概要" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概要"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 概要 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概要-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-パーサの例" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#パーサの例"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 パーサの例 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-パーサの例-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-関数型言語での実装" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#関数型言語での実装"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 関数型言語での実装 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-関数型言語での実装-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-実例" 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vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目次" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 目次の表示・非表示を切り替え </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">再帰下降構文解析</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語12件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" > 12の言語版 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A" title="アラビア語: الترميز التكراري النموذجي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الترميز التكراري النموذجي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal%C3%BDza_rekurzivn%C3%ADm_sestupem" title="チェコ語: Analýza rekurzivním sestupem" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Analýza rekurzivním sestupem" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekursiver_Abstieg" title="ドイツ語: Rekursiver Abstieg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rekursiver Abstieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive_descent_parser" title="英語: Recursive descent parser" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Recursive descent parser" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ペルシア語: تجزیه‌کننده کاهشی بازگشتی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تجزیه‌کننده کاهشی بازگشتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%98%ED%96%A5_%ED%8C%8C%EC%84%9C" title="韓国語: 재귀 하향 파서" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="재귀 하향 파서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekursiv_descendant_parser" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Rekursiv descendant parser" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rekursiv descendant parser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analisador_sint%C3%A1tico_descendente_recursivo" title="ポルトガル語: Analisador sintático descendente recursivo" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Analisador sintático descendente recursivo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="ロシア語: Метод рекурсивного спуска" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Метод рекурсивного спуска" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analizator_rekurzivnim_spustom" title="セルビア語: Analizator rekurzivnim spustom" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Analizator rekurzivnim spustom" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA" title="ウクライナ語: Рекурсивний спуск" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рекурсивний спуск" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%99%A8" title="中国語: 递归下降解析器" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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dir="ltr">再帰下降構文解析（さいきかこうこうぶんかいせき、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英語</a>: Recursive Descent Parsing）は、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0" title="相互再帰">相互再帰</a>型の手続き（あるいは再帰的でない同等の手続き）で構成される<a href="/wiki/LL%E6%B3%95" title="LL法">LL法</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%80%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90" title="トップダウン構文解析">トップダウン</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90" title="構文解析">構文解析</a>であり、各<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3" title="プロシージャ">プロシージャ</a>が<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95" title="形式文法">文法</a>の各生成規則を実装することが多い。従って、生成されるプログラムの構造はほぼ正確にその文法を反映したものとなる。そのような実装の<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%99%A8" title="構文解析器">構文解析器</a>を再帰下降パーサ（Recursive Descent Parser）と呼ぶ。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概要">概要</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 概要">編集</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="バックトラック">バックトラック</a>のない再帰下降パーサを 予言的パーサ（predictive parser）と呼ぶ。予言的構文解析は<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%84%88%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95" title="文脈自由文法">文脈自由文法</a>の一種である<a href="/wiki/LL%E6%B3%95" title="LL法">LL(k)</a>文法クラスでのみ可能であり、ある正の整数 k が存在し、再帰下降構文解析で次に使用すべき生成規則を選択するのに k 個のトークンを調べることで決定可能である。LL(k)文法には曖昧さがなく、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0" title="左再帰">左再帰</a>も含まれない。文脈自由文法は左再帰のない形式に変換可能だが、左再帰を排除しただけでLL(k)文法となるわけではない。予言的パーサは<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="線形時間">線形時間</a>で動作する。 バックトラックのある再帰下降構文解析では、各生成規則を毎回試すことで適用すべき生成規則を決定する。バックトラックのある再帰下降構文解析はLL(k)文法以外にも適用できるが、LL(k)以外の文法で有限時間以内に構文解析が完了するかどうかは保証されない。また完了したとしても、バックトラックのある再帰下降構文解析は<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E9%96%A2%E6%95%B0%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="指数関数時間">指数関数時間</a>を要する。 予言的パーサはよく使われているものの、文法をLL(k)形式に変換するよりも、<a href="/wiki/LR%E6%B3%95" title="LR法">LR法</a>や<a href="/wiki/LALR%E6%B3%95" title="LALR法">LALR法</a>のパーサを作成することも多い。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="パーサの例">パーサの例</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: パーサの例">編集</a>]</div> 以下の文法はLL(1)形式の<a href="/wiki/EBNF" title="EBNF">EBNF</a>の例である（<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88" title="ニクラウス・ヴィルト">ニクラウス・ヴィルト</a>の<a href="/wiki/PL/0" title="PL/0">PL/0</a>言語）。単純化のため、ident と number は終端記号とされている: <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-ebnf mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre> program = block "." . block = ["const" ident "=" number {"," ident "=" number} ";"] ["var" ident {"," ident} ";"] {"procedure" ident ";" block ";"} statement . statement = [ident ":=" expression | "call" ident | "begin" statement {";" statement} "end" | "if" condition "then" statement | "while" condition "do" statement ] . condition = "odd" expression | expression ("="|"#"|"<"|"<="|">"|">=") expression . expression = ["+"|"-"] term {("+"|"-") term} . term = factor {("*"|"/") factor} . factor = ident | number | "(" expression ")" . </pre></div> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%82%E7%AB%AF%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="終端記号">終端記号</a>は引用符で囲まれている（identとnumber以外）。各<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%B5%82%E7%AB%AF%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="非終端記号">非終端記号</a>は文法規則で定義されている。 以下に示す予言的パーサが上記文法を正確に反映している点に注意されたい。各非終端記号に対応したプロシージャが存在している。構文解析はトップダウン的に行われ、全非終端記号が処理されるまで行われる。入力コード（プログラムの部分）の先頭の単語は大域変数 sym に格納されている。そして大域関数 getsym を使うことで sym を更新する。 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-c mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre>typedef enum {ident, number, lparen, rparen, times, slash, plus, minus, eql, neq, lss, leq, gtr, geq, callsym, beginsym, semicolon, endsym, ifsym, whilesym, becomes, thensym, dosym, constsym, comma, varsym, procsym, period, oddsym} Symbol; Symbol sym; void getsym(void); void error(const char msg[]); void expression(void); int accept(Symbol s) { if (sym == s) { getsym(); return 1; } return 0; } int expect(Symbol s) { if (accept(s)) return 1; error("expect: unexpected symbol"); return 0; } void factor(void) { if (accept(ident)) { ; } else if (accept(number)) { ; } else if (accept(lparen)) { expression(); expect(rparen); } else { error("factor: syntax error"); getsym(); } } void term(void) { factor(); while (sym == times || sym == slash) { getsym(); factor(); } } void expression(void) { if (sym == plus || sym == minus) getsym(); term(); while (sym == plus || sym == minus) { getsym(); term(); } } void condition(void) { if (accept(oddsym)) { expression(); } else { expression(); if (sym == eql || sym == neq || sym == lss || sym == leq || sym == gtr || sym == geq) { getsym(); expression(); } else { error("condition: invalid operator"); getsym(); } } } void statement(void) { if (accept(ident)) { expect(becomes); expression(); } else if (accept(callsym)) { expect(ident); } else if (accept(beginsym)) { do { statement(); } while (accept(semicolon)); expect(endsym); } else if (accept(ifsym)) { condition(); expect(thensym); statement(); } else if (accept(whilesym)) { condition(); expect(dosym); statement(); } } void block(void) { if (accept(constsym)) { do { expect(ident); expect(eql); expect(number); } while (accept(comma)); expect(semicolon); } if (accept(varsym)) { do { expect(ident); } while (accept(comma)); expect(semicolon); } while (accept(procsym)) { expect(ident); expect(semicolon); block(); expect(semicolon); } statement(); } void program(void) { getsym(); block(); expect(period); } </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="関数型言語での実装">関数型言語での実装</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 関数型言語での実装">編集</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Haskell" title="Haskell">Haskell</a>や<a href="/wiki/ML_(%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E)" title="ML (プログラミング言語)">ML</a>などの関数型言語での再帰下降構文解析の実装は特に簡単である。例えば、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~gmh/pearl.pdf">Functional Pearls: Monadic Parsing in Haskell</a> を参照されたい。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="実例">実例</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 実例">編集</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JavaCC" title="JavaCC">JavaCC</a> - 再帰下降パーサ生成器（コンパイラコンパイラ）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco/R" title="Coco/R">Coco/R</a> - 再帰下降パーサ生成器</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANTLR" title="ANTLR">ANTLR</a> - 再帰下降パーサ生成器</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spirit.sourceforge.net/">Spirit Parser Framework</a> - C++言語による再帰下降パーサ生成フレームワーク。プリコンパイル段階が不要。</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.codecodex.com/wiki/index.php?title=Recursive_descent_parsing">CodeCodex: Recursive descent parsing</a> - C言語、Java言語、OCaml での再帰下降パーサの例</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.cpan.org/~dconway/Parse-RecDescent-1.94/lib/Parse/RecDescent.pod">Parse::RecDescent</a>: <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> による各種再帰下降パーサ</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net/">pyparsing</a>: <a href="/wiki/Python" title="Python">Python</a> による各種再帰下降パーサ</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="種類">種類</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 種類">編集</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5" title="Prattパーサ">Prattパーサ</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D%E6%A7%8B%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90&action=edit&section=6" title="節を編集: 参考文献">編集</a>]</div> <ul><li>The Dragon book, <a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9B" title="アルフレッド・エイホ">Alfred V. Aho</a>, Ravi Sethi, and Jeffrey D Ullman, 特に Section 4.4.</li> <li>Modern Compiler Implementation in Java, Second Edition, Andrew Appel, 2002, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/052182060X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-82060-X</a>.</li> <li>Recursive Programming Techniques, W.H. Burge, 1975, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/0201144506" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-201-14450-6</a></li> <li>Crafting a Compiler with C, Charles N Fischer and Richard J LeBlanc, Jr, 1991, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/0805321667" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8053-2166-7</a>.</li> <li>Compiling with C# and Java, Pat Terry, 2005, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/032126360X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-321-26360-X</a>, 624</li> <li>Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs, <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88" title="ニクラウス・ヴィルト">Niklaus Wirth</a>, 1975, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/0130224189" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-13-022418-9</a></li> <li>Compiler Construction, Niklaus Wirth, 1996, <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/0201403536" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-201-40353-6</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101550682">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style>この記事は2008年11月1日以前に<a href="/wiki/FOLDOC" title="FOLDOC">Free On-line Dictionary of Computing</a>から取得した項目の資料を元に、<a href="/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a> バージョン1.3以降の「RELICENSING」(再ライセンス) 条件に基づいて組み込まれている。    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">「<a dir="ltr" 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