CINXE.COM

科学网—基本假设与基本概念不能自洽的《随机过程》理论 - 高宏的博文

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gbk" /> <title>科学网&mdash;基本假设与基本概念不能自洽的《随机过程》理论 - 高宏的博文</title> <meta name="keywords" content="基本假设与基本概念不能自洽的《随机过程》理论" /> <meta name="description" content="数学理论是描述现实世界数量关系和空间形式的知识体系。数学理论是从基本概念出发,由基本假设演绎推理出的一系列逻辑结论,因此,形式逻辑的无矛盾性 ... ,科学网" /> <meta name="generator" content="Discuz! X3.3" /> <meta name="author" content="Discuz! Team and Comsenz UI Team" /> <meta name="copyright" content="2001-2017 Comsenz Inc." /> <meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="True" /> <meta http-equiv="MSThemeCompatible" content="Yes" /> <base href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="data/cache/style_1_common.css?oxX" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="data/cache/style_1_home_space.css?oxX" /><link rel="stylesheet" id="css_extstyle" type="text/css" href="./template/default/style/t1/style.css" /><script type="text/javascript">var STYLEID = '1', STATICURL = 'static/', IMGDIR = 'static/image/common', VERHASH = 'oxX', charset = 'gbk', discuz_uid = '0', cookiepre = 'WUAe_5e15_', cookiedomain = 'sciencenet.cn', cookiepath = '/', showusercard = '1', attackevasive = '0', disallowfloat = 'newthread', creditnotice = '', defaultstyle = './template/default/style/t1', REPORTURL = 'aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuc2NpZW5jZW5ldC5jbi8vYmxvZy0zNDE4NzIzLTE0NjA4ODYuaHRtbA==', SITEURL = 'https://blog.sciencenet.cn/', JSPATH = 'static/js/', CSSPATH = 'data/cache/style_', DYNAMICURL = '';</script> <script src="static/blog/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="static/js/common.js?oxX" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="static/js/home.js?oxX" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- function browserRedirect() { var sUserAgent= navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(); var bIsIpad= sUserAgent.match(/ipad/i) == "ipad"; var bIsIphoneOs= sUserAgent.match(/iphone os/i) == "iphone os"; var bIsMidp= sUserAgent.match(/midp/i) == "midp"; var bIsUc7= sUserAgent.match(/rv:1.2.3.4/i) == "rv:1.2.3.4"; var bIsUc= sUserAgent.match(/ucweb/i) == "ucweb"; var bIsAndroid= sUserAgent.match(/android/i) == "android"; var bIsCE= sUserAgent.match(/windows ce/i) == "windows ce"; var bIsWM= sUserAgent.match(/windows mobile/i) == "windows mobile"; if (bIsIpad || bIsIphoneOs || bIsMidp || bIsUc7 || bIsUc || bIsAndroid || bIsCE || bIsWM) { document.write("<div style='padding-left:4em'><a href=\"http://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460886.html?mobile=1\" style='font-size:2em;color:#ba1413;line-height:2em;text-indent:4em'>点击此处切换为手机版网页</a></div>"); } else { //window.location= '电脑网站地址'; } } browserRedirect(); /* function operate() { setTimeout("disappeare()",10000); } function disappeare(){ document.getElementById('tishi').style.display = "none"; } operate(); */ //--> </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="data/cache/style_1_css_space.css?oxX" /> <link id="style_css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/space/t1/style.css?oxX"> <style id="diy_style"></style> </head> <body id="space" onkeydown="if(event.keyCode==27) return false;"><!--onLoad="viewpage(1, 1460886)"--> <div id="append_parent"></div> <div id="ajaxwaitid"></div> <div class="topnav cl"> <p class="y navinf"> <a href="member.php?mod=register">注册</a> <span class="pipe">|</span><a href="member.php?mod=logging&amp;action=login" onClick="showWindow('login', this.href);hideWindow('register');">登录</a> </p> <ul class="cl"> <li class="navlogo"><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog.php" title="构建全球华人科学博客圈">构建全球华人科学博客圈</a></li> <!--返回首页--> <li><span id="navs" class="xg1 showmenu" onMouseOver="showMenu(this.id);"><a href="http://www.sciencenet.cn/">返回首页</a></span></li> <li><span id="wbnavs" class="xg1"><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=follow">微博</a></span></li><!--add by 7u5--> <li><span id="navs" class="xg1"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/rss.php?uid=3418723">RSS订阅</a></span></li> <li><span id="navs" class="xg1"><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/misc.php?mod=faq">帮助</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div id="hd" class="wp cl"> <h2 id="spaceinfoshow"> <!--个人博客名称--> <strong id="spacename" class="mbn" > gaohong5250的个人博客<a class="oshr xs1 xw0" onClick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);" id="share_space" href="home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=share&amp;type=space&amp;id=3418723">分享</a></strong> <a id="domainurl" href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/gaohong5250" onClick="javascript:setCopy('http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/gaohong5250', '博客地址复制成功');return false;" class="xs0 xw0">http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/gaohong5250</a> <span id="spacedescription" class="xs1 xw0 mtn" ></span> </h2> <div id="nv"> <ul> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723">博客首页</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=home&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">动态</a></li> <!--add by 7u5--> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=doing&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">记录</a></li>--> <!--li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=follow&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=view&amp;type=profile">微博</a></li--> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=blog&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">博文</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=video&amp;view=view&amp;from=space">视频</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=album&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">相册</a></li> <!--li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=thread&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">主题</a></li--> <!--li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=share&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">分享</a></li--> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=friend&amp;view=me&amp;from=space">好友</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=wall">留言板</a></li> <!--设置只有管理员能看到个人资料页--> <!-- <li style="display:none">&lt;!&ndash;&ndash;&gt;<a id="academic" href="javascript:;" onClick="showWindow(this.id, 'broadcast.php?op=academic&uid=3418723&username=gaohong5250', 'get', -1);return false;">&lt;!&ndash;&ndash;&gt;学术名片</a></li>--> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="p_pop h_pop" id="mn_userapp_menu" style="display: none"></div> <ul id="navs_menu" class="p_pop topnav_pop" style="display:none;"> <li id="mn_N59f6" ><a href="http://www.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >首页</a></li> <li id="mn_N3b56" ><a href="http://news.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >新闻</a></li> <li id="mn_Nd081" ><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog.php" hidefocus="true" >博客</a></li> <li id="mn_N968f" ><a href="http://talent.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >人才</a></li> <li id="mn_N9d75" ><a href="http://meeting.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >会议</a></li> <li id="mn_N1867" ><a href="http://fund.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >基金</a></li> <li id="mn_Nec23" ><a href="http://paper.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >论文</a></li> <li id="mn_Nc1d1" ><a href="http://video.sciencenet.cn/" hidefocus="true" >视频</a></li> <li id="mn_Nffd8" ><a href="http://paper.sciencenet.cn/AInews" hidefocus="true" >小柯机器人</a></li> <li id="mn_home_13" ><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&do=album" hidefocus="true" title="Album" >相册<span>Album</span></a></li> <li id="mn_N0a2c" ><a href="misc.php?mod=faq" hidefocus="true" title="Help" >帮助<span>Help</span></a></li> </ul> <!--add by 7u5--><ul id="wbnavs_menu" class="p_pop topnav_pop" style="display:none;"> <!--<li id="mn_N59f9"><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn" hidefocus="true">微博</a></li>--> <li id="mn_N59g9"><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=follower" hidefocus="true">粉丝</a></li> <li id="mn_N59g9"><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=comments" hidefocus="true">评论</a></li> <li id="mn_N59g9"><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=atme" hidefocus="true">@我</a></li> <li id="mn_N59g9"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=privacy&amp;op=miniblog" hidefocus="true">提醒</a></li></ul> <ul id="myspace_menu" class="p_pop" style="display:none;"> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space">我的博客</a></li> </ul> <!--复制space_header模板,为添加移动设备切换的js功能而修改--> <style> em, cite { font-style:italic; } #blog_article span { float: none; } #blog_article th,#blog_article td { border: 1px solid #000; } p { margin: 1.12em 0; } .owner-switch { width: 28px; height: 14px; background-size: cover; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; background-image: url(/static/image/blog/owner.png); background-size: auto 14px; } .author-switch { width: 28px; height: 14px; background-size: cover; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; background-image: url(/static/image/blog/author.png); } .tips { border:3px solid #ccc; border-radius: 5px; background: rgba(255,255,255,1); font-size: 12px; position: absolute; top:50%; left: -620%; z-index: 99; width:300px; text-align:left; } .reveal{ display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; font-weight:bolder; color: #4e8a50; border-radius: 4px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; text-align: center; padding: 10px; cursor: pointer; } </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/static/blog/css/zan.css"><!--点赞样式--> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/static/blog/css/cai.css"><!--踩样式--> <script src="/static/js/jquery.lazyload.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* @author:Romey * 动态点赞 * 此效果包含css3,部分浏览器不兼容(如:IE10以下的版本) */ /* $(function(){ $(".praise").click(function(){ var choice = $(this).attr('id').valueOf(); cid = choice.split("_")[1]; //取得评论的cid var praise_img = $("#praise-img_"+cid); var text_box = $("#add-num_"+cid); var praise_txt = $("#praise-txt_"+cid); var num=parseInt(praise_txt.text()); if(praise_img.attr("src") == ("static/blog/images/yizan.png")){ $(this).html("<img src='static/blog/Images/zan.png' id='praise-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' />"); praise_txt.removeClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>-1</em>"); $(".add-animation").removeClass("hover"); num -=1; praise_txt.text(num) }else{ $(this).html("<img src='static/blog/images/yizan.png' id='praise-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' />"); praise_txt.addClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>+1</em>"); $(".add-animation").addClass("hover"); num +=1; praise_txt.text(num) } }); }) function getdata(url, id, action){ jQuery.getJSON(url, {type:'zancai', id:id, action:action, random:Math.random()}, function(data){ if(data.success==1){//投票成功 }else{ //$('#praise-txt_'+1460886).html(2000).show().css({'opacity':1,'top':'40px'}).animate({top:'-50px',opacity:0},"slow"); } }); } */ function dianzan(cid, blogid) { var tag = 0; var praise_img = jQuery("#praise-img_"+cid); var text_box = jQuery("#add-num_"+cid); var praise_txt = jQuery("#praise-txt_"+cid); var praise_txt_text = isNaN(praise_txt.text()) ? 0 : praise_txt.text(); var num=parseInt(praise_txt_text); if(praise_img.attr("src") == ("static/blog/images/zan.png")){ //取消赞 jQuery.ajax({ type:"GET", url:'misc.php', data:{type:'zancai', id:cid, blogid:blogid, action:'unzan'}, cache:false, dataType:"json", success:function(data){ if(data.success==1){//取消赞 jQuery("#praise_"+cid).html("<img src='static/blog/images/kong.png' id='praise-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' onclick='dianzan("+cid+","+blogid+");' />"); praise_txt.removeClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>-1</em>"); jQuery(".add-animation").removeClass("hover"); num -=1; praise_txt.text(num); tag = 1; }else if(data.success==0){//需要登录 showWindow('login', 'member.php?mod=logging&action=login'); //$('#praise-txt_'+1460886).html(2000).show().css({'opacity':1,'top':'40px'}).animate({top:'-50px',opacity:0},"slow"); }else{ //jQuery("#cuewords").text(data.msg); //jQuery("#disappare").show().delay(2000).fadeOut(); promptmsg(this, cid, data.msg); } } }); }else{ //添加赞 //进行数据库操作 jQuery.ajax({ type:"GET", url:'misc.php', data:{type:'zancai', id:cid, blogid:blogid, action:'zan'}, cache:false, dataType:"json", success:function(data){ if(data.success==1){//取消赞 jQuery("#praise_"+cid).html("<img src='static/blog/images/zan.png' id='praise-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' onclick='dianzan("+cid+","+blogid+");' />"); praise_txt.addClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>+1</em>"); jQuery(".add-animation").addClass("hover"); num +=1; praise_txt.text(num); }else if(data.success==0){//需要登录 showWindow('login', 'member.php?mod=logging&action=login'); //$('#praise-txt_'+1460886).html(2000).show().css({'opacity':1,'top':'40px'}).animate({top:'-50px',opacity:0},"slow"); }else{ //jQuery("#cuewords").text(data.msg); //jQuery("#disappare").show().delay(2000).fadeOut(); var msg = data.msg; if(data.msg == 'upgrade') { msg = '请进行实名认证审核,并<b><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=profile&amp;op=upgrade">升级为博主用户</a></b>,方可进行此操作'; } promptmsg(this, cid, msg); } } }); } } function diancai(cid, blogid) { var tag = 0; var praise_img = jQuery("#praise2-img_"+cid); var text_box = jQuery("#add2-num_"+cid); var praise_txt = jQuery("#praise2-txt_"+cid); var praise_txt_text = isNaN(praise_txt.text()) ? 0 : praise_txt.text(); var num=parseInt(praise_txt_text); if(praise_img.attr("src") == ("static/blog/images/cai.png")){ //取消踩 jQuery.getJSON("misc.php?randID="+escape(new Date()), {type:'zancai', id:cid, blogid:blogid, action:'uncai', random:Math.random()}, function(data) { if(data.success==1){//取消赞 jQuery("#praise2_"+cid).html("<img src='static/blog/images/kong2.png' id='praise2-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' onclick='diancai("+cid+","+blogid+");' />"); praise_txt.removeClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>-1</em>"); jQuery(".add-animation").removeClass("hover"); num -=1; praise_txt.text(num); }else if(data.success==0){//需要登录 showWindow('login', 'member.php?mod=logging&action=login'); //$('#praise-txt_'+1460886).html(2000).show().css({'opacity':1,'top':'40px'}).animate({top:'-50px',opacity:0},"slow"); }else{ //jQuery("#cuewords").text(data.msg); //jQuery("#disappare").show().delay(2000).fadeOut(); promptmsg(this, cid, data.msg); } }); }else{ //添加踩 jQuery.getJSON("misc.php?randID="+escape(new Date()), {type:'zancai', id:cid, blogid:blogid, action:'cai', random:Math.random()}, function(data) { if(data.success==1){//点踩 jQuery("#praise2_"+cid).html("<img src='static/blog/images/cai.png' id='praise2-img_" + cid + "' class='animation' onclick='diancai("+cid+","+blogid+");' />"); praise_txt.addClass("hover"); text_box.show().html("<em class='add-animation'>+1</em>"); jQuery(".add-animation").addClass("hover"); num +=1; praise_txt.text(num); }else if(data.success==0){//需要登录 showWindow('login', 'member.php?mod=logging&action=login'); //$('#praise-txt_'+1460886).html(2000).show().css({'opacity':1,'top':'40px'}).animate({top:'-50px',opacity:0},"slow"); }else{ //jQuery("#cuewords").text(data.msg); //jQuery("#disappare").show().delay(2000).fadeOut(); promptmsg(this, cid, data.msg); } }); } } var promptmsg = function(e,cid,msg) { var doc = jQuery("#praise_"+cid); tips = jQuery('<div id="tips" class="tips"></div>'); doc.append(tips); var pageX = e.pageX, pageY = e.pageY; tips.html(msg).css({ top: pageY, left: pageX }).show().delay(5000).fadeOut(); } function dianzanuser(cid, uid) { //查询点赞者 var str = '<div style="padding:4px;">点赞人:'; jQuery.ajax({ type:"GET", url:'misc.php', data:{type:'dianusers', id:cid, uid:uid}, cache:false, dataType:"json", success:function(data){ if(data.success==1){ str += data.msg; str += '</div>'; promptmsg(this, cid, str); }else{ //jQuery("#cuewords").text(data.msg); //jQuery("#disappare").show().delay(2000).fadeOut(); } } }); } function showall(obj) { var cid = jQuery(obj).attr('rel'); jQuery("#showreplay_"+cid).animate({height: 'toggle', opacity: 'toggle'}, "slow"); jQuery(obj).hide(); jQuery("#showreplay_"+cid).append('<a class="reveal" id="hidereplay_'+cid+'" onclick="packup('+cid+');">收起</a>'); } function packup(cid) { jQuery("#showreplay_"+cid).hide(); jQuery("#lookover_"+cid).show(); jQuery("#hidereplay_"+cid).remove(); } jQuery(document).ready( function($){ $("img").lazyload({ placeholder : "/static/js/grey.gif", effect : "fadeIn", threshold : 200 }); }); </script> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <h1 class="mt"><span class="z">博文</span> </h1> </div> <div class="bm_c"> <div class="vw mbm"> <div class="h pbm"> <h1 class="ph"> 基本假设与基本概念不能自洽的《随机过程》理论 </h1> <p class="xg2"> <span class="xg1">已有 14931 次阅读</span> <span class="xg1">2024-11-20 13:50</span> <span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">个人分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=blog&amp;classid=177005&amp;view=me">随机过程</a></span><span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">系统分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;do=blog&amp;view=all&amp;uid=3418723&amp;catid=1">科研笔记</a></span> </p> </div> <div id="blog_article" class="d cl" ><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">数学理论是描述现实世界数量关系和空间形式的知识体系。数学理论是从<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本概念</span>出发,由基本假设演绎推理出的一系列逻辑结论,<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">因此,</span>形式逻辑的<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">无矛盾性</span></strong>(逻辑完备性)是<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">数学理论的</span>重要特征。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本概念</span></strong><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">是数学理论对研究对象本质属性的数学抽象,如欧几里得《几何原本》中的点、线、面;<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本假设</span></strong>则是数学理论描述基本概念数量关系或空间形式的全称判断,如欧几里得《几何原本》中的公理,<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">因此,<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本概念是数学理论的逻辑出发点</span></strong>。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">如果一个数学理论的基本假设与基本概念相互矛盾,我们就说该理论在逻辑上不能自洽,包含了一个逻辑悖论。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">逻辑悖论会破坏数学理论的客观真理性和逻辑完备性,导致该理论不能正确描述现实世界的数量关系及空间形式。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">数学史上的三次数学危机均是由于发现数学理论<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">中</span>包含逻辑悖论而引发的。逻辑悖论的出现<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">还</span>会导致数学理论发生重大范式转换,推动数学理论取得重大突破性发展。<span style="font-size: 18px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">例如,“毕达哥拉斯悖论” <span style="font-size: 18px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">引发了第一次数学危机,</span>促成了公理几何与逻辑的诞生;“贝克莱悖论” <span style="font-size: 18px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">引发了第二次数学危机,</span>促成了分析基础理论的完善与集合论的创立;“罗素悖论”<span style="font-size: 18px; white-space-collapse: preserve; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">引发了第三次数学危机,</span>促成了数理逻辑与一批现代数学的产生。</span></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">一</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、</span></strong><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">》</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本概念</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">《随机过程》有三个基本概念:随机过程(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Random process</span>)、样本函数(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Sample function</span>)和随机变量(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Random variable</span>)。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">《随机过程》的研究对象为动态随机现象,例如<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">单个或大量</span>粒子的随机运动过程。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">对一个随机运动的粒子观察多次,或同时观察多个粒子的随机运动,会得到图1所示的随机试验结果(一族时间函数曲线)。《随机过程》首先将时间函数集合(随机试验结果)映射到样本空间<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Ω</span></em>,然后将<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span></strong>定义为<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Ω</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">×</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">T</span></em>上的二元函数<em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://image.sciencenet.cn/home/202411/20/102610r44ymieqkd8nupki.png" title="" alt="随机过程定义.png" width="566" height="226" style="width: 566px; height: 226px;"/></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">图<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">1</span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程基本概念定义示意图</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">X</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)有以下四种不同的情况:</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(1)</span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)是时间</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">的函数,描述单个粒子的位移随时间变化过程,称为<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">样本函数</span></strong>,或随机过程的一个物理实现,记为</span><em>x</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(2)</span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>,<em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)是样本点</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">的函数,描述所有粒子在</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时刻的空间位置分布状态,称为<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机变量</span></strong>,记为</span><em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span>)</span>。&nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(3)固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">,<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">X</span></em>(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">是一个实数,表示某个粒子在</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时刻的位移观测值。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(4)当</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">和</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">同时变化时,</span><em>X</em>(<em>ω</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)是一族依赖于样本空间的时间函数集合,或一族依赖于时间的随机变量集合。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">从上述《随机过程》基本概念的定义可以看出,样本函数和随机变量是两个内涵与外延完全不同的数学概念。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">样本函数</span></strong><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">是对<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">单个粒子</span></strong>运动过程的数学抽象,是描述单个粒子<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">个体行为</span></strong>的数学概念。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机变量</span></strong><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">X</span></em>(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">是对<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">所有粒子</span></strong>空间位置分布状态的数学抽象,是描述所有粒子<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">集体行为</span></strong>的数学概念。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">二</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、</span></strong><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">》</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本假设</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">以布朗运动基本假设为例,说明《随机过程》基本假设与基本概念在逻辑上不能自洽的逻辑错误。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">设</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">为一个布朗粒子在</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时刻的位<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">移</span>,根据《随机过程》基本概念定义,</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em>(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">是固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时的随机过程</span><em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>,<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">亦即描述单个粒子个体行为的<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">样本函数</span></strong>。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">但是,《随机过程》布朗运动定义却给出了如下的基本假设:</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)~<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">N</span></em>(0,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">σ</span></em><sup><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">2</span></sup><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">显然,基本假设中的</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">为服从正态分布的<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机变量</span></strong>,亦即固定</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时的随机过程</span><em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>,<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">而随机变量<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">是</span>描述所有布朗粒子集体行为<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">的数学概念</span></span>。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">三</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、</span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本假设与基本概念</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">在逻辑上</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">不能自洽</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《随机过程》的基本概念将单个粒子的“个体行为”抽象为样本函数,而基本假设将单个粒子的“个体行为”抽象为随机变量,因此,《随机过程》基本概念和基本假设对同一研究对象的数学抽象相互矛盾(表1),在逻辑上不能自洽,表明《随机过程》理论包含逻辑悖论。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">表</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000; font-size: 18px;">1</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"> <strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">《</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">》</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">基本概念与基本假设数学抽象对比</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://image.sciencenet.cn/home/202411/20/104059xu3hwi8uwrkxm4gr.png" title="" alt="基本假设.png" width="569" height="107" style="width: 569px; height: 107px;"/></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; white-space-collapse: preserve; color: #000000;">从形式逻辑的角度看,《随机过程》的基本假设没有保持与《随机过程》基本概念的同一,不加说明地用随机变量替代样本函数,产生了违反<strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; white-space-collapse: preserve; color: #000000;">同一律</span></strong>的“偷换概念”逻辑错误。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">四</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、</span></strong><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机过程</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">》</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">不能自洽的历史原因</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《随机过程》布朗运动理论的创立源于爱因斯坦1905年发表的布朗运动研究论文。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">爱因斯坦建立了描述大量布朗粒子<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">集体行为</span></strong>的扩散方程,得出了布朗粒子在扩散过程中的<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">浓度</span></strong>服从正态分布的结论:</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">f</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)~<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">N</span></em>(0,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">σ</span></em><sup><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">2</span></sup><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">1908</span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">年,法国物理学家佩兰</span>(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Perrin</span>)<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">对布朗运动进行了实验研究,实验证明了爱因斯坦布朗粒子浓度服从正态分布的结论。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">1913年,维纳(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Wiener</span>)在英国剑桥大学留学时,在罗素(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">Russell</span>)的建议下阅读了爱因斯坦的布朗运动研究论文,对单个布朗粒子的<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">个体行为</span></strong>产生了兴趣,开始研究“一个微粒所走曲线的数学性质”。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">维纳假设一个布朗粒子在</span><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">时刻的位移</span><em>x</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)也服从与浓度</span><em>f</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)相同的正态分布规律,于是给出了如下的布朗运动基本假设:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span>)~<em>N</em>(0,<em>σ</em><sup><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">2</span></sup><em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">显然,维纳混淆了浓度和位移这两个完全不同的物理概念,导致《随机过程》布朗运动基本假设产生了用随机变量描述单个布朗粒子个体行为的<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">“偷换概念”</span>逻辑错误。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">爱因斯坦布朗运动扩散方程中的浓度</span><em>f</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">x</span></em>,<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)描述的是所有布朗粒子在扩散过程中的集体行为,维纳用其描述一个布朗粒子的个体行为<em>x</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>,得出的所有逻辑结论必然与客观事实不符。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">五</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000; font-size: 18px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">各态历经随机过程</span></strong></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000; font-size: 18px;">研究随机过程的统计<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">规律</span>,从理论上说需要通过实验观测得到所有样本函数<em>x</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>,然后才能用统计方法求出不同时刻随机变量<em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>的数学期望、方差和自相关函数等数字特征,但这在实际研究工作中往往办不到,因为这需要对一个随机过程进行大量重复的实验或观察,甚至需要实验次数N趋于无穷大时才能满足要求。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000; font-size: 18px;">有一种平稳随机过程,对其任何一个样本函数<em>x</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>所做的各种时间平均,从概率意义上趋近于随机变量<em>X</em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">(<em><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">t</span></em>)</span>的各种空间平均或统计平均(图<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">2</span>),则称之为具有各态历经性的随机过程。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"><img src="http://image.sciencenet.cn/home/202411/21/085357hdd8v9fopvhpy3d8.png" title="" alt="图 各态历经.png" width="563" height="351" style="width: 563px; height: 351px;"/></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center; line-height: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000; font-size: 18px;">图2<span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"></span> 各态历经随机过程</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">各态历经随机过程的任何一个样本函数</span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">x</span></em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">(<em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">t</span></em>)</span><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">都经历了随机过程</span><em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">X</span></em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">(<em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">ω</span></em>,<em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">t</span></em>)</span><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">的所有可能状态,因此可用任何一个样本函数</span><em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">x</span></em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">(<em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">t</span></em>)</span><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">的时间平均来代替<span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">随机变量</span></span><em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">X</span></em>(<em><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">t</span></em>)<span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">的统计平均或集合平均,<span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">大大</span>简化随机现象的测量和计算过程,给解决实际问题带来极大的方便。</span></span><span style="font-size: 18px;"></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="white-space-collapse: preserve; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《随机过程》的研究对象(随机游走、布朗运动)为非平稳随机过程,不具有各态历经性,样本函数的时间平均和随机变量的空间平均完全不同,只能分别研究它们的时间变化规律和空间分布规律。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">六</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">、<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; color: #000000;">结论</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">《随机过程》理论的基本假设与基本概念在逻辑上不能自洽,或基本假设<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">中</span>隐含违反同一律的“偷换概念”逻辑错误,导致《随机过程》理论只能用描述随机现象集体行为的统计规律来描述随机现象的个体行为,就如同《物理学》用温度来描述一个分子的动能一样,不能正确描述实际随机运动现象及规律,为自然科学、工程技术和社会科学提供了错误的理论、方法及工具。因此,《随机过程》理论的基本假设将发生从随机变量到样本函数的重大范式转换,导致《随机过程》理论发生革命性演变,为中国的数学学科进入世界一流水平前列提供了千载难逢的历史性发展机遇。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">参考</span></strong><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">:</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-size: 18px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;">[1] </span><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">难以置信:随机过程专家学者混淆随机过程基本概念</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460565.html" target="_blank" target="_blank">https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460565.html</a>&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-size: 18px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;">[2] </span><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">随机运动理论中的“地心说”与“日心说”</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1459406.html" target="_blank" target="_blank">https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1459406.html</a>&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-size: 18px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;">[3]</span><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"> <span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">工程师与数学家的布朗运动理论对比</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1458528.html" target="_blank" target="_blank">https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1458528.html</a>&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-size: 18px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;">[4]</span><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"> <span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; color: #000000;">工程师的随机过程分析工具降维碾压数学家</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1459016.html" target="_blank" target="_blank">https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1459016.html</a>&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p> <br /><br /> <label style="font-size:13px; color:#850f0f">转载本文请联系原作者获取授权,同时请注明本文来自高宏科学网博客。<br />链接地址:</label><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460886.html" target="_blank" style="font-size:13px; color:#850f0f">https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460886.html </a> <br /><br />上一篇:<a href='blog-3418723-1460565.html' target='_black'>难以置信:随机过程专家学者混淆随机过程基本概念</a><br />下一篇:<a href='blog-3418723-1461056.html' target='_black'>《随机过程》理论描述和解决实际问题时遇到的两个难题</a> <!--大赛结束--> </div> <div id="click_div"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="atd"> <tr></tr> </table> <script type="text/javascript"> function errorhandle_clickhandle(message, values) { if(values['id']) { showCreditPrompt(); show_click(values['idtype'], values['id'], values['clickid']); } } </script> </div> <div class="o cl"> <!-- JiaThis Button BEGIN --> <!--<script src="/static/js/share.js" type="text/javascript" type="text/javascript"></script>--> <div id="shareblog"></div> <!-- JiaThis Button END --> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=favorite&amp;type=blog&amp;id=1460886&amp;spaceuid=3418723&amp;handlekey=favoritebloghk_1460886" id="a_favorite" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);" class="oshr ofav">收藏</a> <!--a href="home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=share&amp;type=blog&amp;id=1460886&amp;handlekey=sharebloghk_1460886" id="a_share" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);" class="oshr">分享</a--> IP: 59.66.100.*<span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=blog&amp;blogid=1460886&amp;op=edithot&amp;handlekey=bloghothk_1460886" id="blog_hot_1460886" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);">热度</a><span class="pipe">|</span> <!--<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow('miscreport1460886', 'misc.php?mod=report&rtype=blog&rid=1460886', 'get', -1);return false;">举报</a>--> </div> </div> <div class="ct_vw cl"> <!--<div class="ct_vw_sd">作者的其他博文和热门博文的原始位置,移动到了右侧</div>--> <div><!--最初的左侧的样式: class="ct_vw_mn" --> <div id="div_main_content" class="mbm"> <!-- [增加博主推荐他人博文 2010-7-14--> <h4 class="bbs pbn"> <span><label>当前推荐数:</label><font color="#FF0000" id="recommendcount">24</font> <label style="margin-left:10px;" id="recommendtag">推荐人:</label> <span id="recommendbody"> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=2724438" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="sunjie22">孙颉</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=41701" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="qiaoqiao1980">王涛</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=107667" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="zlyang">杨正瓴</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=565899" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="liuyuexue623">王从彦</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=39731" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="Bobby">刘进平</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=648126" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="qdp">钱大鹏</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=437607" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="0">郑永军</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=526326" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="sdjnwys">汪运山</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=2300375" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="sunnanping">孙南屏</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=39664" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="duzhanchi">杜占池</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=2687371" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="daozhen">刘炜</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3474929" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="chidelong">池德龙</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=575857" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="zbluebird">朱爱军</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=2071524" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="anliangwang">王安良</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=54025" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="钟炳">钟炳</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=750818" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="ninglz">宁利中</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=73066" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="yych66">晏成和</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=5889" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="huailu49">朱晓刚</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3389947" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="Anna999">崔锦华</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3589443" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="yueliusd07017">刘跃</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=280034" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="xupeiyang">许培扬</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=38693" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="周少祥">周少祥</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3433633" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="Duandelong66">段德龙</a> <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=38228" style="margin-right:5px; color:#360" title="zhulin">朱林</a> </span> </span> </h4> <div style="margin-bottom:20px;"> <p class="pns"> <button onclick="showWindow('login', 'member.php?mod=logging&action=login');hideWindow('register');"> 推荐到博客首页</button> </p> </div> <!--over]--> <h3 class="ptn pbn bbs"> <a onclick="showWindow('login', this.href);hideWindow('register');" href="member.php?mod=logging&amp;action=login" class="y xi2 xw0">该博文允许注册用户评论&nbsp;请点击登录</a> 评论 (<span id="comment_replynum">6</span> 个评论)<!--多少条评论--> </h3> <div id="comment_ul" class="xld xlda"> <!--通过下面的ajax,将博文评论加载到这里--> <a name="firstcomment"> </a> <div id="discusscontent" name="discusscontent" >数据加载中...</div> <div id="comment" style="text-align:right"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="scrollTo(0,0);">返回顶部</a> </div> </div> </div> <!--对未超过48小时的博文方可评论--> <style type="text/css"> .bancomment { background-color: #EEE; padding-right: 30px; font-size: 12px; line-height:25px; padding: 3px 0; border-radius: 8px; color: #aaa; text-align: center; cursor: default; } </style> <div class="bancomment hidden-xs"><span id="banreplay" value=""></span></div> <script type="text/javascript"> function addFriendCall(){ var el = $('friendinput'); if(!el || el.value == "") return; var s = '<input type="checkbox" name="fusername[]" class="pc" value="'+el.value+'" id="'+el.value+'" checked="checked">'; s += ' <label for="'+el.value+'">'+el.value+'</label>'; s += '<br />'; $('friends').innerHTML += s; el.value = ''; } resizeImg('div_main_content','450'); var elems = selector('dd[class~=magicflicker]'); for(var i=0; i<elems.length; i++){ magicColor(elems[i]); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* 方法一 function commentcontent(url) { var x = new Ajax('HTML', 'statusid'); x.get(url+'&inajax=1', function(s) { if(s.length>0) { $('discusscontent').innerHTML = s; } else $('discusscontent').innerHTML = '没有评论'; }); } window.onload = commentcontent('comment.php?mod=space&uid=3418723&do=blog&id=1460886'); */ function commentcontent(uid, id) { //alert(uid); var formDara = "uid=" + uid + "&id=" + id; if(window.XMLHttpRequest) { var xmlReq = new XMLHttpRequest(); } else if(window.ActiveXObject) { var xmlReq = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP'); } xmlReq.onreadystatechange = function(){ //alert(xmlReq.readyState); if(xmlReq.readyState == 4) { if(xmlReq.responseText != '0') { //防止用户复制评论产生相同的discusscontent(id) var arrs = document.getElementsByName("discusscontent"); if(arrs.length==1) { document.getElementById('discusscontent').innerHTML = xmlReq.responseText; } else { arrs[arrs.length-1].innerHTML = xmlReq.responseText; } } else { return false; } } } xmlReq.open("post", "comment.php?mod=space&amp;do=blog", false);//将true改为false xmlReq.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); xmlReq.send(formDara); return false; } //window.onload = commentcontent(3418723, 1460886); //window.onload=function(){commentcontent(3418723, 1460886);} function viewpage(p, id) { var formData = "page="+p; //p:翻页页码; id:博文id if(window.XMLHttpRequest) { var xmlReq = new XMLHttpRequest(); } else if(window.ActiveXObject) { var xmlReq = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP'); } //comment.php?mod=space&uid=3418723&do=blog&id=1460886 //var formId = "id=414264"; //var formMod = "mod=space"; //var formUid = "uid=40247"; //var formDo = "do=blog"; xmlReq.onreadystatechange = function(){ if(xmlReq.readyState == 4) { document.getElementById('discusscontent').innerHTML = xmlReq.responseText; //location.href = location.href + "#firstcomment"; window.location.hash = firstcomment; } } xmlReq.open("post", "comment.php?id="+id, true); xmlReq.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); xmlReq.send(formData); //xmlReq.send(formId); //xmlReq.send(formMod); //xmlReq.send(formUid); //xmlReq.send(formDo); return false; } function pagegoto(id, pages) { var gopagenum = document.getElementById('skiptopage').value; if(pages == '') { return false; } if(gopagenum == '') { alert('请先输入您想转到的页码再进行跳转'); return false; } if(!isNaN(gopagenum)) { gopagenum = parseInt(gopagenum); if(gopagenum < 1) { gopagenum = 1; } if(gopagenum > pages) { gopagenum = pages; } viewpage(gopagenum, id); } else { alert('请输入数字,进行跳转'); } } commentcontent(3418723, 1460886); function banreply(){ var banvalue = document.getElementById('banreplay').value; if(banvalue) { alert('该博文已超过48小时,暂停评论'); return false; } else return true; } jQuery(document).ready( function($){ if(!$("#banreplay").val()) $(".bancomment").hide(); //回复按钮只允许点击一次 $("#commentsubmit_btn").one("click",function(){ $(this).attr("disabled","disabled"); $(this).html('提交中'); $("#quickcommentform_1460886").submit(); }); //改写推荐到首页功能 $("#return_qcrecommend_1460886").bind('DOMNodeInserted', function(e) { var html = $(e.target).html(); var SCRIPT_REGEX = /<script\b[^<]*(?:(?!<\/script>)<[^<]*)*<\/script>/gi; var text = html.replace(SCRIPT_REGEX, ""); //正则替换为空 var arr = text.split('@'); if(arr[0] == '推荐成功') { //推荐成功提示 var num = parseInt($("#recommendcount").text()); $("#return_qcrecommend_1460886").text(arr[0]); //推荐数加1 $("#recommendcount").text(num+1); //推荐人显示 if($("#recommendcount").text()=='') { $("#recommendtag").html("推荐人"); $("#recommendbody").html(arr[1]); } else { $("#recommendbody").append(arr[1]); } } }); //渲染分享代码 $("#shareblog").html('<div style="text-align:left;float:left" class="bshare-custom"><div class="bsPromo bsPromo2"></div><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="bshare-weixin" title="分享到微信"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="bshare-qqxiaoyou" title="分享到朋友网"></a><a class="bshare-qzone" title="分享到QQ空间"></a><a class="bshare-sinaminiblog" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a class="bshare-qqmb" title="分享到腾讯微博"></a><a class="bshare-more bshare-more-icon more-style-addthis" title="更多平台"></a></div>'); /* jquery写法 var comment_cid = window.location.hash; var commentcid = comment_cid.slice(1); if(commentcid) { jQuery("#"+commentcid).parent().animate({height: 'toggle', opacity: 'toggle'}, "fast"); jQuery("#"+commentcid).parent().prev().hide(); } */ //window.onload = function(){ //js写法 //找到锚点 var comment_cid = window.location.hash.toString(); var commentcid = comment_cid.slice(1).toString(); var theNode = document.getElementById(commentcid); if(theNode.hasChildNodes()) { if(theNode.childNodes.length==1) { //alert(theNode.firstChild.nodeType); theNode.style.backgroundColor = "#E6E6B8"; theNode.previousElementSibling.style.marginBottom = "0px"; theNode.previousElementSibling.style.backgroundColor = "#E6E6B8"; theNode.previousElementSibling.previousElementSibling.style.backgroundColor = "#E6E6B8"; window.scrollTo(0, theNode.offsetTop+100); return false; } //获取第一个子节点 var first=theNode.children[0]; first.style.backgroundColor = "#E6E6B8"; //获取父节点元素 var prent = theNode.parentNode; prent.style.display = 'block'; //前一个元素节点 var pre = prent.previousElementSibling; pre.style.display = 'none'; } //} }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sd"><div> <div id="pcd" class="bm cl"> <div class="hm"> <p><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723"><img src="https://image-attachment.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/data/www/html/uc_server/data/avatar/003/41/87/23_avatar_middle.jpg?v=" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='https://bbs.sciencenet.cn/uc_server/images/noavatar_middle.gif?v='" /></a></p> <h2 class="xs2"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723">高宏</a></h2> </div> <ul class="xl xl2 cl ul_list"> <li class="ul_add"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=friend&amp;op=add&amp;uid=3418723&amp;handlekey=addfriendhk_3418723" id="a_friend_li_3418723" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);">加为好友</a></li> <li class="ul_contect"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=wall">给我留言</a></li> <li class="ul_poke"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=poke&amp;op=send&amp;uid=3418723&amp;handlekey=propokehk_3418723" id="a_poke_3418723" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href, 'get', 0);">打个招呼</a></li> <li class="ul_pm"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=pm&amp;op=showmsg&amp;handlekey=showmsg_3418723&amp;touid=3418723&amp;pmid=0&amp;daterange=2" id="a_sendpm_3418723" onclick="showWindow('showMsgBox', this.href, 'get', 0)">发送消息</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sd" style="margin-top:1px;"> <div id="pcd" class="bm cl" style="padding-top:0px"> <div style="width:170px; margin:0 auto;text-align:center;"> <script src="/static/js/qrcode.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 扫一扫,分享此博文<br> <div id="qrcodeb" style="text-align:center"></div> <script> var qrcode = new QRCode('qrcodeb', { text: 'http://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-3418723-1460886.html?mobile=1', width: 170, height: 170, colorDark : '#000000', colorLight : '#ffffff', correctLevel : QRCode.CorrectLevel.H }); </script> </div> <div style="width:170px"> <!--作者的精选博文--> <div class="mbm cl"> <h2 class="mbm ptn pbn bbs"><span class="xs1 xw0 y"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=blog&amp;view=me&amp;handpick =1">全部</a></span>作者的精选博文</h2> <ul class="xl xl1 cl"><li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1459016.html" target="_blank">工程师的随机过程分析工具降维碾压数学家</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1417937.html" target="_blank">《随机过程》教科书是如何违反同一律的</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1417421.html" target="_blank">判断科学理论是否正确的两个简单有效方法</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1417107.html" target="_blank">《随机过程》教科书中的四个重大科学问题</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1415197.html" target="_blank">为什么自然科学与工程技术的布朗运动理论对立冲突?</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1414886.html" target="_blank">发现重大科学问题的三种途径</a></li> </ul> </div> <!--作者的其他最新博文--> <div class="mbm cl"> <h2 class="mbm ptn pbn bbs"><span class="xs1 xw0 y"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=3418723&amp;do=blog&amp;view=me">全部</a></span>作者的其他最新博文</h2> <ul class="xl xl1 cl"><li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1461771.html" target="_blank">《随机过程》是一门没有抽象出基本概念和公理的经验科学</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1461594.html" target="_blank">《随机过程》无法用解析式描述随机现象的根本原因</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1461460.html" target="_blank">为什么《随机过程》无法用解析式描述随机现象?</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1461172.html" target="_blank">频域分析随机过程的四个优势</a></li> <li>&bull; <a href="blog-3418723-1461056.html" target="_blank">《随机过程》理论描述和解决实际问题时遇到的两个难题</a></li> </ul> </div> <!--热门博文导读--> <div class="mbm cl"> <h2 class="mbm ptn pbn bbs"><span class="xs1 xw0 y"><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog.php?mod=recommend">全部</a></span>精选博文导读</h2> <ul class="xl xl1 cl"><li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-45-1472894.html" target="_blank">想要论文登上顶刊封面?你需要这个好帮手!</a></span></li> <li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-45-1472175.html" target="_blank">科学网2025年1月十佳博文榜单公布!</a></span></li> <li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-729911-1474240.html" target="_blank">大学生科研立项的疑问</a></span></li> <li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-40841-1474223.html" target="_blank">态势感知中态势与感知的分离度、紧密度</a></span></li> <li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-3496796-1474204.html" target="_blank">山东大学主办期刊Healthcare and Rehabilitation(《健康照护与康复》)创刊号正式上线</a></span></li> <li><span class="xl1_elp">&bull; <a href="blog-3516770-1474200.html" target="_blank">Materials 南京理工大学谢阿明团队——石英砂对水泥基材料电磁波吸收的影响</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <SCRIPT type=text/x-mathjax-config> MathJax.Hub.Config({"HTML-CSS": { preferredFont: "TeX", availableFonts: ["STIX","TeX"], linebreaks: { automatic:true }, EqnChunk: (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMobile ? 10 : 50) }, tex2jax: { inlineMath: [ ["$", "$"], ["\\\\(","\\\\)"] ], displayMath: [ ["$$","$$"], ["\\[", "\\]"] ], processEscapes: true, ignoreClass: "tex2jax_ignore|dno" }, TeX: { noUndefined: { attributes: { mathcolor: "red", mathbackground: "#FFEEEE", mathsize: "90%" } } }, messageStyle: "none" }); </SCRIPT> <script type="text/javascript"> //增加监听,延迟加载外部js文件 if (window.addEventListener){ window.addEventListener("load", loadScript, false); }else if (window.attachEvent){ window.attachEvent("onload", loadScript); }else { window.onload = loadScript; } function loadScript(){ var myScript=document.createElement("script"); myScript.type="text/javascript"; //myScript.charset="utf-8"; myScript.src="https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_HTML"; document.body.appendChild(myScript); } </script> <!--<script src="https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_HTML" type="text/javascript"></script>--> <script src="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/static/js/buttonLite.js#style=-1&uuid=3e911bff-2140-46cc-81cb-ccaf1edd9b1b&pophcol=2&lang=zh" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/static/js/bshareC0.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </div> <div id="ft" class="wp cl"> <div id="flk" class="y"> <p> <a href="https://bbs.sciencenet.cn/archiver/" >Archiver</a><span class="pipe">|</span><a href="http://wap.sciencenet.cn" >手机版</a><span class="pipe">|</span><strong><a href="https://www.sciencenet.cn" target="_blank">科学网</a></strong> ( <a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn/" target="_blank">京ICP备07017567号-12</a> )<span style="display:none"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _bdhmProtocol = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? " https://" : " http://"); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + _bdhmProtocol + "hm.baidu.com/h.js%3Fcbf293a46e1e62385b889174378635f1' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> </span></p> <p class="xs0"> GMT+8, 2025-2-21 23:44<span id="debuginfo"> </span> </p> </div> <div id="frt"> <p>Powered by <strong><a href="http://www.sciencenet.cn" target="_blank">ScienceNet.cn</a></strong><em></em></p> <p class="xs0">Copyright &copy; 2007-<script type="text/javascript">var Date22 = new Date();var year22 = Date22.getFullYear();document.write(year22);</script> <a href="http://www.stimes.cas.cn" target="_blank">中国科学报社</a></p> </div></div> <!--move begin by zzx --> <ul id="usersetup_menu" class="p_pop" style="display:none;"> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=avatar">修改头像</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=profile">个人资料</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=profile&op=verify">认证</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=credit">积分</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=usergroup">用户组</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=privacy">隐私筛选</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&amp;ac=profile&amp;op=password">密码安全</a></li> </ul> <!--add by 7u5--> <!--<ul id="weibo_menu" class="p_pop" style="position: absolute; z-index: 301; left: 701.5px; top: 38px; display: none;">--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn">发微博</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=vote&a=index">投票广场</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=following">关注的人</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=find&a=index">查找好友</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=find&a=invite">邀请好友</a></li>--> <!--<ul class="sslct">--> <!--</ul>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=setting&a=privacy">私信过滤</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=setting&a=blacklist">黑名单</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn//home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=privacy&op=miniblog">微博设置</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=setting&a=index">昵称设置</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?m=app&a=weibo">同步设置</a></li>--> <!--</ul>--> <ul id="myprompt_menu" class="p_pop" style="position: absolute; z-index: 301; left: 0px; top: 278px; display: none;"> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=0&amp;do=blog&amp;view=com">查看博客评论 </a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;do=blog&amp;view=com&amp;order=mycom">查看评论回复 </a></li>--> <!--根据评论盖楼功能修改--> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;uid=0&amp;do=blog&amp;view=com">我收到的评论/回复 </a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;do=blog&amp;view=com&amp;order=mycom">我发表的评论/回复 </a></li> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=comments">查看微博评论</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=follower">查看粉丝</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="http://weibo.sciencenet.cn/?&act=at">查看@我</a></li>--> <!--隐藏微博2018.7.20--> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=follow&amp;uid=0&amp;do=comments">查看微博评论</a></li>--> <!--<li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=follow&amp;uid=0&amp;do=follower">查看粉丝</a></li>--> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;do=notice&amp;view=mypost&amp;type=at">查看@我</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&amp;do=notice&amp;view=interactive">查看其他</a></li> <!--<li><a onclick="showWindow('showMsgBox', this.href, 'get', 0)">发私信</a></li> <li><a href=http://weibo.sciencenet.cn>发微博</a></li <li><a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=privacy&op=miniblog">微博设置</a></li>>--> </ul> <div id="g_upmine_menu" class="g_up" style="display:none;"> <div class="crly"> 积分 0, 距离下一级还需 积分 </div> <div class="mncr"></div> </div> <!--move end --> <script src="home.php?mod=misc&ac=sendmail&rand=1740152677" type="text/javascript"></script> <div id="scrolltop"> <span hidefocus="true"><a title="返回顶部" onclick="window.scrollTo('0','0')" class="scrolltopa" ><b>返回顶部</b></a></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript">_attachEvent(window, 'scroll', function () { showTopLink(); });checkBlind();</script> <div id="discuz_tips" style="display:none;"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var tipsinfo = '|X3.3|0.6||0||0|7|1740152677||2'; </script> <!--<script src="http://discuz.gtimg.cn/cloud/scripts/discuz_tips.js?v=1" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8"></script>--></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10