CINXE.COM
LDS in Senate and House of Representatives - BYU Daily Universe
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="ArticlePage " lang="en" > <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <style data-cssvarsponyfill="true"> :root { --siteBgColor: #ffffff; --siteInverseBgColor: #000000; --bannerColor: #BFF0FD; --bannerLinkColor: #ffffff; --bannerBackgroundColor: #ff1e3c; --primaryColor: #002e5d; --secondaryColor: #0057b8; --courseAccentColor: #1fb3d1; --courseAccentTextColor: #000000; --programAccentColor: #0062b8; --programAccentTextColor: #ffffff; --colorRed: #ff1e3c; --colorCharcoal: #2a2a2a; --colorAlmostBlack: #202020; --black: #000000; --white: #ffffff; --grey: #f0efed; --primaryColor2: #ffffff; --pageBackgroundColor: #ffffff; --pageHeadingBg: #f6f6f8; --headerBgColor: #002e5d; --headerBgColorInverse: #000000; --headerBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --headerBorderColorInverse: #858585; --headerTextColor: #ffffff; --headerTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --headerMenuBgColor: #ffffff; --headerMenuTextColor: #333333; --headerDividerColor: #33587d; --headerHorizontalDividerColor: transparent; --headerDarkNavigationBackgroundColor: #0254AF; --hamburgerHoverBackgroundColor: #004286; --hamburgerFocusBorderColor: #8097ae; --siteNavigationItemColor: #002e5d; --siteNavigationItemHoverUnderlineColor: #002e5d; --headerBreadcrumbDividerColor: #cdddee; --searchResultsHeaderColor: #cde6ff; --asideToggleBackgroundColor: #3bf2ff; --asideToggleTextColor: inherit; --secondaryHeaderBgColor: #ffffff; --secondaryHeaderTextColor: #333333; --homeHeaderBackgroundColor: #001832; --homeHeaderLogoBackgroundColor: #002d5f; --footerBgColor: #f6f6f6; --footerTextColor: #141414; --disclaimerContentSpacing: '\00a0'; --secondaryFooterBgColor: #eeeeee; --secondaryFooterTextColor: #002e5d; --siteNavigationItemHoverColor: #eeeeee; --primaryTextColor: #141414; --primaryTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --secondaryTextColor: #666666; --secondaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --tertiaryTextColor: #999999; --tertiaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --primaryLinkColor: #0057b8; --primaryLinkHoverColor: #002e5d; --listBorderColor: #030202; --gridBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --linkListHoverColor: #aed6fd; --buttonBgColor1: #0057b8; --buttonBorderColor1: #0057b8; --buttonTextColor1: #ffffff; --inverseButtonBgColor: #afd6fe; --tagButtonBorderColor: #e2dfdd; --tagButtonTextColor: #0057b8; --customButtonHoverColor: #1a66b7; --horizontalRuleColor: #afd6fe; --breakingBgColor: #e12327; --breakingTextColor: #ffffff; --brandColor: #002e5d; --darkestGrey: #030202; --darkGrey: #666666; --mediumDarkGrey: #cccccc; --mediumGrey: #e6e6e6; --mediumLightGrey: #f5f5f5; --lightGrey: #ffffff; --colorBeige1: #e6e6e6; --colorBeige2: #e9e6e3; --colorBeige3: #bfb5ae; --colorBeige4: #918883; --infoColor: #0057b8; --infoLightColor: #afd6fe; --warningColor: #fcc015; --warningLightColor: #fff0c5; --confirmColor: #38870c; --confirmLightColor: #cee0c3; --dangerColor: #a60318; --dangerLightColor: #fde3e6; --gridGutters: 20px; --maxPageWidth: 1240px; --headlineFont: HCo Ringside Narrow SSm; --secondaryHeadlineFont: HCo Ringside Narrow SSm; --bodyFont: Public Sans; --secondaryBodyFont: Public Sans; --navigationItemFont: HCo Ringside Narrow Semibold; --richTextHeaderFont: HCo Ringside Narrow SSm; } </style> <meta property="og:title" content="LDS in Senate and House of Representatives"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://universe.byu.edu/2015/01/29/lds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives/"> <meta property="og:description" content="Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been involved in politics since Joseph Smith ran for president in 1844. Many other Mormons have held government positions, on both a state and federal level. Ezra Taft Benson, the 13th president of the Church, served as the secretary…"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="BYU Daily Universe"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="article:author" content="https://universe.byu.edu/alex-e-j-mohammad"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2015-01-29T07:00:00"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-02-27T19:33:04.591"> <meta property="article:section" content="News"> <meta property="article:tag" content="church"> <meta property="article:tag" content="house of representative"> <meta property="article:tag" content="joseph smith"> <meta property="article:tag" content="lds"> <meta property="article:tag" content="mormons"> <meta property="article:tag" content="politics"> <meta property="article:tag" content="senate"> <meta property="article:tag" content="news"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been involved in politics since Joseph Smith ran for president in 1844. Many other Mormons have held government positions, on both a state and federal level. Ezra Taft Benson, the 13th president of the Church, served as the secretary of Agriculture under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Utah's current governor, Gary Herbert, is also a member of the Church."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="LDS in Senate and House of Representatives"/> <link data-cssvarsponyfill="true" class="Webpack-css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/resource/00000173-da06-d043-a7ff-dece7d790000/styleguide/All.min.4d8784c3a8bc241cff6ba28081a5d5a8.gz.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://brightspot.byu.edu/override-styles.css"> <style>/* Book, Topic, Tutorial */ .BookPage-bookContainer, .TutorialPage-bookContainer, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer { font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 40px; } .BookPage-bookContainer .Page-headingWrapper { padding: 0; background: transparent; margin-bottom: 1em; } .BookPage-bookContainer h1.Page-pageHeading, h1.CreativeWorkPage-headline, h1.TutorialPage-headline { text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 1.5em; text-align: left; margin-top: 1em; } @media (min-width: 640px) { .BookPage-bookContainer h1.Page-pageHeading, h1.CreativeWorkPage-headline, h1.TutorialPage-headline { font-size: 2em; } } @media (min-width: 1024px) { .BookPage-bookContainer h1.Page-pageHeading, h1.CreativeWorkPage-headline, h1.TutorialPage-headline { font-size: 2.35em; } } main.BookPage-main, .TutorialPage-bookContainer .TutorialPage-main { margin-top: 1em; } .BookPage-bookContainer .Topic-topicNavigation, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Topic-topicNavigation { border-top: 1px solid #ddd; } .BookPage-bookContainer .Topic-nextTopic-label, .BookPage-bookContainer .Topic-previousTopic-label, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Topic-nextTopic-label, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Topic-previousTopic-label { font-size: 0.85em; color: #333; } .BookPage-bookContainer .Topic-nextTopic-title, .BookPage-bookContainer .Topic-previousTopic-title, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Topic-nextTopic-title, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Topic-previousTopic-title { color: var(--primaryLinkColor); } .BookPage-bookContainer .Chapter, .BookPage-bookContainer .Chapter .Chapter, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Chapter, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Chapter .Chapter { font-size: 1em; } .BookPage-bookContainer .Chapter .Chapter .Chapter-icon, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .Chapter .Chapter .Chapter-icon { top: 2px; } .BookPage-bookContainer .BookPage-breadcrumbs, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .BookPage-breadcrumbs { font-size: 1em; } .BookPage-bookContainer .BookPage-breadcrumbs .Link, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .BookPage-breadcrumbs .Link { font-size: 0.9em; } .BookPage-bookContainer .SupportDeskTopicPage-main { margin: 0; } .BookPage-bookContainer h2.Page-pageSubHeading { letter-spacing: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 1.25em; } /* Remove the "Was this helpful?" section until we can get it working again */ .BookPage-supplementaryContent, .SupportDeskTopicPage-supplementaryContent, .BookPage-bookContainer .ContentPage-tags, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer .ContentPage-tags { display: none; } .BookPage-bookContainer h2.ModuleHeader-title, .SupportDeskTopicPage-bookContainer h2.ModuleHeader-title { text-align: left; left: 0; letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 2em; text-transform: none; color: var(--primaryColor); font-weight: 500; } .ModuleHeader-title .ModuleHeader-anchorLink:before { font-size: 0.75em; color: #ddd; position: absolute; left: -0.9em; top: 0.25em; transition: color 250ms ease; } .ModuleHeader-title .ModuleHeader-anchorLink:hover::before, .ModuleHeader-title .ModuleHeader-anchorLink:active::before { color: var(--primaryLinkColor); } .TutorialPage-headline { margin-top: 0; } .TutorialPage-info .TutorialPage-actions, .TutorialPage-info .TutorialPage-downloadLink, .TutorialPage-info .TutorialPage-duration { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; } .TutorialPage-introContainer, .TutorialPage-main-item .TutorialStep .TutorialDirection-content { padding: 0; } .BookPage-main hr, .DiscussionPage-main hr, .GlossaryPage-main hr, .HowToGuidePage-main hr, .ReferencePage-main hr, .SupportDeskTopicPage-main hr, .Topic-main hr, .TutorialPage-main hr { border-bottom: 4px solid #eee; } </style> <style>.CodeBlock pre>code[class*=language-] { background: hsl(0,0%,96.5%); padding: 2em; } code[class*=language-], pre[class*=language-] { font-size: 1.4rem !important; } </style> <style>/* Fonts Import */ @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Crimson+Pro:ital,wght@1,500&family=Open+Sans:wght@300..800&family=Roboto:wght@100&display=swap'); /* Base Styles */ .Header { position: relative; } .HTML5AudioPlayer-title { display: none; } /* No drop shadows on this site */ .PromoCardImageOnTop.promo-has-dropshadow { box-shadow: none; } .ListCardImageOnTop-items-item > .PromoCardImageOnTop > .PromoCardImageOnTop-content { align-items: flex-start !important; } .PromoCardImageOnTop-content > .PromoCardImageOnTop-title > a, .PromoCardImageOnTop-title, .PromoIconOnTopLarge-title, .PromoCardImageOnTop-description, .PromoIconOnTopLarge-description{ font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0; } .PromoCardImageOnTop-description, .PromoIconOnTopLarge-description{ font-weight: 400; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; } .SiteNavigationItem-text-link { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; font-weight: 525; } .ArticlePage-breadcrumbs > a { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; } .ArticlePage-authorTitle { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; } .ArticlePage-datePublished { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; } .Header-search-input, .ArticlePage-authorBy { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important; } .ArticlePage-aside { display: none !important; } .VideoEnhancement-title { font-family: 'Crimson Pro', serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; font-weight: 520; } .ArticlePage-main { margin-top: -20px !important; } .ArticlePage-headline, .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .ArticlePage-headline { font-weight: 624; } .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-weight: 354; } .ArticlePage-headingWrapper { padding-bottom: 0; background: white !important; } .ArticlePage-intro { text-align: left; width: 100%; } .SiteNavigationItem-text-link { font-size: 18px; } .Header-actions { display: none !important; } .Header-contentTop { height: 15em !important; } .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo > a > .PageLogo-image { max-width: 800px !important; } ::placeholder { color: #002e5d; } .Page-content > .Page-main { padding: 0px !important; } .ListCardImageOnTopRow > .ListCardImageOnTop-title { padding-left: 10px; } .Footer-secondaryLogo { max-width: 50em; } .college-home .Header-navigation .Header-search-input { color: #000 !important; }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5"><title>LDS in Senate and House of Representatives - BYU Daily Universe</title><meta name="description" content="Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been involved in politics since Joseph Smith ran for president in 1844. Many other Mormons have held government positions, on both a state and federal level. Ezra Taft Benson, the 13th president of the Church, served as the secretary of Agriculture under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Utah's current governor, Gary Herbert, is also a member of the Church."><link rel="canonical" href="https://universe.byu.edu/2015/01/29/lds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives/"><meta name="brightspot.contentId" content="00000189-9337-dc07-a7e9-f73faa920000"><link rel="apple-touch-icon"sizes="180x180"href="/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-16x16.png"> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","datePublished":"January 29, 2015 12:00 AM","headline":"LDS in Senate and House of Representatives","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://universe.byu.edu/2015/01/29/lds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives/"},"author":[{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Alex E. J. Mohammad","url":"https://universe.byu.edu/alex-e-j-mohammad"}]}</script> <script> "use strict"; (function () { if ( // No Reflect, no classes, no need for shim because native custom elements // require ES2015 classes or Reflect. window.Reflect === undefined || window.customElements === undefined || // The webcomponentsjs custom elements polyfill doesn't require // ES2015-compatible construction (`super()` or `Reflect.construct`). window.customElements.polyfillWrapFlushCallback) { return; } const BuiltInHTMLElement = HTMLElement; /** * With jscompiler's RECOMMENDED_FLAGS the function name will be optimized away. * However, if we declare the function as a property on an object literal, and * use quotes for the property name, then closure will leave that much intact, * which is enough for the JS VM to correctly set Function.prototype.name. */ const wrapperForTheName = { 'HTMLElement': function HTMLElement() { return Reflect.construct(BuiltInHTMLElement, [], this.constructor); }, }; window.HTMLElement = wrapperForTheName['HTMLElement']; HTMLElement.prototype = BuiltInHTMLElement.prototype; HTMLElement.prototype.constructor = HTMLElement; Object.setPrototypeOf(HTMLElement, BuiltInHTMLElement); })(); </script> <script> /** For the fastest load times https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/BlockingJS and to prevent any FOUC, as well as prevent any race conditions for browsers that also rely on the CSS variables polyfill, this is inlined. **/ if (!window.customElements) { (function(){ 'use strict';var h=new function(){};var aa=new Set("annotation-xml color-profile font-face font-face-src font-face-uri font-face-format font-face-name missing-glyph".split(" "));function m(b){var a=aa.has(b);b=/^[a-z][.0-9_a-z]*-[\-.0-9_a-z]*$/.test(b);return!a&&b}function n(b){var a=b.isConnected;if(void 0!==a)return a;for(;b&&!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document);)b=b.parentNode||(window.ShadowRoot&&b instanceof ShadowRoot?b.host:void 0);return!(!b||!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document))} function p(b,a){for(;a&&a!==b&&!a.nextSibling;)a=a.parentNode;return a&&a!==b?a.nextSibling:null} function t(b,a,c){c=c?c:new Set;for(var d=b;d;){if(d.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE){var e=d;a(e);var f=e.localName;if("link"===f&&"import"===e.getAttribute("rel")){d=e.import;if(d instanceof Node&&!c.has(d))for(c.add(d),d=d.firstChild;d;d=d.nextSibling)t(d,a,c);d=p(b,e);continue}else if("template"===f){d=p(b,e);continue}if(e=e.__CE_shadowRoot)for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)t(e,a,c)}d=d.firstChild?d.firstChild:p(b,d)}}function u(b,a,c){b[a]=c};function v(){this.a=new Map;this.s=new Map;this.f=[];this.b=!1}function ba(b,a,c){b.a.set(a,c);b.s.set(c.constructor,c)}function w(b,a){b.b=!0;b.f.push(a)}function x(b,a){b.b&&t(a,function(a){return y(b,a)})}function y(b,a){if(b.b&&!a.__CE_patched){a.__CE_patched=!0;for(var c=0;c<b.f.length;c++)b.f[c](a)}}function z(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state?b.connectedCallback(d):A(b,d)}} function B(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(d)}} function C(b,a,c){c=c?c:{};var d=c.w||new Set,e=c.i||function(a){return A(b,a)},f=[];t(a,function(a){if("link"===a.localName&&"import"===a.getAttribute("rel")){var c=a.import;c instanceof Node&&(c.__CE_isImportDocument=!0,c.__CE_hasRegistry=!0);c&&"complete"===c.readyState?c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0:a.addEventListener("load",function(){var c=a.import;if(!c.__CE_documentLoadHandled){c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0;var f=new Set(d);f.delete(c);C(b,c,{w:f,i:e})}})}else f.push(a)},d);if(b.b)for(a=0;a< f.length;a++)y(b,f[a]);for(a=0;a<f.length;a++)e(f[a])} function A(b,a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var c=a.ownerDocument;if(c.defaultView||c.__CE_isImportDocument&&c.__CE_hasRegistry)if(c=b.a.get(a.localName)){c.constructionStack.push(a);var d=c.constructor;try{try{if(new d!==a)throw Error("The custom element constructor did not produce the element being upgraded.");}finally{c.constructionStack.pop()}}catch(r){throw a.__CE_state=2,r;}a.__CE_state=1;a.__CE_definition=c;if(c.attributeChangedCallback)for(c=c.observedAttributes,d=0;d<c.length;d++){var e=c[d], f=a.getAttribute(e);null!==f&&b.attributeChangedCallback(a,e,null,f,null)}n(a)&&b.connectedCallback(a)}}}v.prototype.connectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.connectedCallback&&a.connectedCallback.call(b)};v.prototype.disconnectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.disconnectedCallback&&a.disconnectedCallback.call(b)}; v.prototype.attributeChangedCallback=function(b,a,c,d,e){var f=b.__CE_definition;f.attributeChangedCallback&&-1<f.observedAttributes.indexOf(a)&&f.attributeChangedCallback.call(b,a,c,d,e)};function D(b,a){this.c=b;this.a=a;this.b=void 0;C(this.c,this.a);"loading"===this.a.readyState&&(this.b=new MutationObserver(this.f.bind(this)),this.b.observe(this.a,{childList:!0,subtree:!0}))}function E(b){b.b&&b.b.disconnect()}D.prototype.f=function(b){var a=this.a.readyState;"interactive"!==a&&"complete"!==a||E(this);for(a=0;a<b.length;a++)for(var c=b[a].addedNodes,d=0;d<c.length;d++)C(this.c,c[d])};function ca(){var b=this;this.b=this.a=void 0;this.f=new Promise(function(a){b.b=a;b.a&&a(b.a)})}function F(b){if(b.a)throw Error("Already resolved.");b.a=void 0;b.b&&b.b(void 0)};function G(b){this.j=!1;this.c=b;this.o=new Map;this.l=function(b){return b()};this.g=!1;this.m=[];this.u=new D(b,document)} G.prototype.define=function(b,a){var c=this;if(!(a instanceof Function))throw new TypeError("Custom element constructors must be functions.");if(!m(b))throw new SyntaxError("The element name '"+b+"' is not valid.");if(this.c.a.get(b))throw Error("A custom element with name '"+b+"' has already been defined.");if(this.j)throw Error("A custom element is already being defined.");this.j=!0;var d,e,f,r,k;try{var g=function(b){var a=l[b];if(void 0!==a&&!(a instanceof Function))throw Error("The '"+b+"' callback must be a function."); return a},l=a.prototype;if(!(l instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("The custom element constructor's prototype is not an object.");d=g("connectedCallback");e=g("disconnectedCallback");f=g("adoptedCallback");r=g("attributeChangedCallback");k=a.observedAttributes||[]}catch(q){return}finally{this.j=!1}a={localName:b,constructor:a,connectedCallback:d,disconnectedCallback:e,adoptedCallback:f,attributeChangedCallback:r,observedAttributes:k,constructionStack:[]};ba(this.c,b,a);this.m.push(a);this.g|| (this.g=!0,this.l(function(){return da(c)}))};G.prototype.i=function(b){C(this.c,b)};function da(b){if(!1!==b.g){b.g=!1;for(var a=b.m,c=[],d=new Map,e=0;e<a.length;e++)d.set(a[e].localName,[]);C(b.c,document,{i:function(a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var e=a.localName,f=d.get(e);f?f.push(a):b.c.a.get(e)&&c.push(a)}}});for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)A(b.c,c[e]);for(;0<a.length;){for(var f=a.shift(),e=f.localName,f=d.get(f.localName),r=0;r<f.length;r++)A(b.c,f[r]);(e=b.o.get(e))&&F(e)}}} G.prototype.get=function(b){if(b=this.c.a.get(b))return b.constructor};G.prototype.whenDefined=function(b){if(!m(b))return Promise.reject(new SyntaxError("'"+b+"' is not a valid custom element name."));var a=this.o.get(b);if(a)return a.f;a=new ca;this.o.set(b,a);this.c.a.get(b)&&!this.m.some(function(a){return a.localName===b})&&F(a);return a.f};G.prototype.v=function(b){E(this.u);var a=this.l;this.l=function(c){return b(function(){return a(c)})}};window.CustomElementRegistry=G; G.prototype.define=G.prototype.define;G.prototype.upgrade=G.prototype.i;G.prototype.get=G.prototype.get;G.prototype.whenDefined=G.prototype.whenDefined;G.prototype.polyfillWrapFlushCallback=G.prototype.v;var H=window.Document.prototype.createElement,ea=window.Document.prototype.createElementNS,fa=window.Document.prototype.importNode,ga=window.Document.prototype.prepend,ha=window.Document.prototype.append,ia=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.prepend,ja=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.append,I=window.Node.prototype.cloneNode,J=window.Node.prototype.appendChild,K=window.Node.prototype.insertBefore,L=window.Node.prototype.removeChild,M=window.Node.prototype.replaceChild,N=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Node.prototype, "textContent"),O=window.Element.prototype.attachShadow,P=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Element.prototype,"innerHTML"),Q=window.Element.prototype.getAttribute,R=window.Element.prototype.setAttribute,S=window.Element.prototype.removeAttribute,T=window.Element.prototype.getAttributeNS,U=window.Element.prototype.setAttributeNS,ka=window.Element.prototype.removeAttributeNS,la=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ma=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML,na=window.Element.prototype.prepend, oa=window.Element.prototype.append,V=window.Element.prototype.before,pa=window.Element.prototype.after,qa=window.Element.prototype.replaceWith,ra=window.Element.prototype.remove,sa=window.HTMLElement,W=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.HTMLElement.prototype,"innerHTML"),ta=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ua=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML;function va(){var b=X;window.HTMLElement=function(){function a(){var a=this.constructor,d=b.s.get(a);if(!d)throw Error("The custom element being constructed was not registered with `customElements`.");var e=d.constructionStack;if(!e.length)return e=H.call(document,d.localName),Object.setPrototypeOf(e,a.prototype),e.__CE_state=1,e.__CE_definition=d,y(b,e),e;var d=e.length-1,f=e[d];if(f===h)throw Error("The HTMLElement constructor was either called reentrantly for this constructor or called multiple times."); e[d]=h;Object.setPrototypeOf(f,a.prototype);y(b,f);return f}a.prototype=sa.prototype;return a}()};function Y(b,a,c){function d(a){return function(c){for(var e=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)e[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],f=[],l=0;l<e.length;l++){var q=e[l];q instanceof Element&&n(q)&&f.push(q);if(q instanceof DocumentFragment)for(q=q.firstChild;q;q=q.nextSibling)d.push(q);else d.push(q)}a.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<f.length;e++)B(b,f[e]);if(n(this))for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)f=d[e],f instanceof Element&&z(b,f)}}c.h&&(a.prepend=d(c.h));c.append&&(a.append=d(c.append))};function wa(){var b=X;u(Document.prototype,"createElement",function(a){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry){var c=b.a.get(a);if(c)return new c.constructor}a=H.call(this,a);y(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"importNode",function(a,c){a=fa.call(this,a,c);this.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"createElementNS",function(a,c){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry&&(null===a||"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"===a)){var d=b.a.get(c);if(d)return new d.constructor}a=ea.call(this,a,c);y(b,a);return a}); Y(b,Document.prototype,{h:ga,append:ha})};function xa(){var b=X;function a(a,d){Object.defineProperty(a,"textContent",{enumerable:d.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:d.get,set:function(a){if(this.nodeType===Node.TEXT_NODE)d.set.call(this,a);else{var e=void 0;if(this.firstChild){var c=this.childNodes,k=c.length;if(0<k&&n(this))for(var e=Array(k),g=0;g<k;g++)e[g]=c[g]}d.set.call(this,a);if(e)for(a=0;a<e.length;a++)B(b,e[a])}}})}u(Node.prototype,"insertBefore",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes); a=K.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}e=n(a);d=K.call(this,a,d);e&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return d});u(Node.prototype,"appendChild",function(a){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var c=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=J.call(this,a);if(n(this))for(var e=0;e<c.length;e++)z(b,c[e]);return a}c=n(a);e=J.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"cloneNode",function(a){a=I.call(this,a);this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a); return a});u(Node.prototype,"removeChild",function(a){var c=n(a),e=L.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"replaceChild",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=M.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(B(b,d),d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}var e=n(a),f=M.call(this,a,d),c=n(this);c&&B(b,d);e&&B(b,a);c&&z(b,a);return f});N&&N.get?a(Node.prototype,N):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){for(var a=[],b= 0;b<this.childNodes.length;b++)a.push(this.childNodes[b].textContent);return a.join("")},set:function(a){for(;this.firstChild;)L.call(this,this.firstChild);J.call(this,document.createTextNode(a))}})})};function ya(b){var a=Element.prototype;function c(a){return function(e){for(var c=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)c[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],k=[],g=0;g<c.length;g++){var l=c[g];l instanceof Element&&n(l)&&k.push(l);if(l instanceof DocumentFragment)for(l=l.firstChild;l;l=l.nextSibling)d.push(l);else d.push(l)}a.apply(this,c);for(c=0;c<k.length;c++)B(b,k[c]);if(n(this))for(c=0;c<d.length;c++)k=d[c],k instanceof Element&&z(b,k)}}V&&(a.before=c(V));V&&(a.after=c(pa));qa&&u(a,"replaceWith",function(a){for(var e= [],c=0;c<arguments.length;++c)e[c-0]=arguments[c];for(var c=[],d=[],k=0;k<e.length;k++){var g=e[k];g instanceof Element&&n(g)&&d.push(g);if(g instanceof DocumentFragment)for(g=g.firstChild;g;g=g.nextSibling)c.push(g);else c.push(g)}k=n(this);qa.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)B(b,d[e]);if(k)for(B(b,this),e=0;e<c.length;e++)d=c[e],d instanceof Element&&z(b,d)});ra&&u(a,"remove",function(){var a=n(this);ra.call(this);a&&B(b,this)})};function za(){var b=X;function a(a,c){Object.defineProperty(a,"innerHTML",{enumerable:c.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:c.get,set:function(a){var e=this,d=void 0;n(this)&&(d=[],t(this,function(a){a!==e&&d.push(a)}));c.set.call(this,a);if(d)for(var f=0;f<d.length;f++){var r=d[f];1===r.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(r)}this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,this):x(b,this);return a}})}function c(a,c){u(a,"insertAdjacentElement",function(a,e){var d=n(e);a=c.call(this,a,e);d&&B(b,e);n(a)&&z(b,e); return a})}function d(a,c){function e(a,e){for(var c=[];a!==e;a=a.nextSibling)c.push(a);for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)C(b,c[e])}u(a,"insertAdjacentHTML",function(a,b){a=a.toLowerCase();if("beforebegin"===a){var d=this.previousSibling;c.call(this,a,b);e(d||this.parentNode.firstChild,this)}else if("afterbegin"===a)d=this.firstChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(this.firstChild,d);else if("beforeend"===a)d=this.lastChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(d||this.firstChild,null);else if("afterend"===a)d=this.nextSibling,c.call(this, a,b),e(this.nextSibling,d);else throw new SyntaxError("The value provided ("+String(a)+") is not one of 'beforebegin', 'afterbegin', 'beforeend', or 'afterend'.");})}O&&u(Element.prototype,"attachShadow",function(a){return this.__CE_shadowRoot=a=O.call(this,a)});P&&P.get?a(Element.prototype,P):W&&W.get?a(HTMLElement.prototype,W):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){return I.call(this,!0).innerHTML},set:function(a){var b="template"===this.localName,e=b?this.content:this, c=H.call(document,this.localName);for(c.innerHTML=a;0<e.childNodes.length;)L.call(e,e.childNodes[0]);for(a=b?c.content:c;0<a.childNodes.length;)J.call(e,a.childNodes[0])}})});u(Element.prototype,"setAttribute",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return R.call(this,a,c);var e=Q.call(this,a);R.call(this,a,c);c=Q.call(this,a);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,e,c,null)});u(Element.prototype,"setAttributeNS",function(a,c,d){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return U.call(this,a,c,d);var e=T.call(this,a,c);U.call(this, a,c,d);d=T.call(this,a,c);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,e,d,a)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttribute",function(a){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return S.call(this,a);var c=Q.call(this,a);S.call(this,a);null!==c&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,c,null,null)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttributeNS",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return ka.call(this,a,c);var d=T.call(this,a,c);ka.call(this,a,c);var e=T.call(this,a,c);d!==e&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,d,e,a)});ta?c(HTMLElement.prototype, ta):la?c(Element.prototype,la):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentElement` was not patched.");ua?d(HTMLElement.prototype,ua):ma?d(Element.prototype,ma):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentHTML` was not patched.");Y(b,Element.prototype,{h:na,append:oa});ya(b)};/* Copyright (c) 2016 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved. This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt */ var Z=window.customElements;if(!Z||Z.forcePolyfill||"function"!=typeof Z.define||"function"!=typeof Z.get){var X=new v;va();wa();Y(X,DocumentFragment.prototype,{h:ia,append:ja});xa();za();document.__CE_hasRegistry=!0;var customElements=new G(X);Object.defineProperty(window,"customElements",{configurable:!0,enumerable:!0,value:customElements})}; }).call(self); } /** This allows us to load the IE polyfills via feature detection so that they do not load needlessly in the browsers that do not need them. It also ensures they are loaded non async so that they load before the rest of our JS. */ var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; if (!window.CSS || !window.CSS.supports || !window.CSS.supports('--fake-var', 0)) { var script = document.createElement('script'); script.setAttribute('src', "https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/resource/00000173-da06-d043-a7ff-dece7d790000/styleguide/util/IEPolyfills.ea9c7fad6cd956f7e34044824221eb16.gz.js"); script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); script.async = false; head.appendChild(script); } </script> <script> var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; /** * Importing fonts via CSS slows the browser down. Best practices for mobile * performance is to load them as rel=preload. The following code allows us * to do that for browsers that support preload. * https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/optimizing-content-efficiency/webfont-optimization * Note: This article mentions that Roboto is a common normal font that might not need preload, * however Roboto is not a native font for most OSs that we target. */ function loadGoogleFont(fontFamily) { var projectFonts = ['hco ringside narrow ssm', 'noto mono', 'public sans']; var supportedFont = false; // check for existing project fonts before attempting a request to google fonts. for (var i = 0; i < projectFonts.length; i++) { if (projectFonts[i] == fontFamily.toLowerCase()) { supportedFont = true; break; } } if (supportedFont) { return; } fontFamily = fontFamily.split(' ').join('+'); var link = document.createElement('link'); link.setAttribute('href', '//fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=' + fontFamily + ':wght@300;400;700&display=swap'); var relList = link.relList; if (relList && relList.supports('preload')) { link.setAttribute('as', 'style'); link.setAttribute('rel', 'preload'); link.setAttribute('onload', 'this.rel="stylesheet"'); link.setAttribute('crossorigin', 'anonymous'); } else { link.setAttribute('rel', 'stylesheet'); } head.appendChild(link); } loadGoogleFont('Roboto') loadGoogleFont('Noto+Sans') </script> <script src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/resource/00000173-da06-d043-a7ff-dece7d790000/styleguide/All.min.bc4986d9ab88624c9d9fff11f95f33f7.gz.js"></script> <script>/*** BYU Meru Data Cookie Consent Banner and Cookie AutoBlocking ***/ const merudata_scripts = (function() { const byu_merudataID = "c5d6912a-d8fc-4138-8d1d-6daeb3056f57"; const byuh_merudataID = "3ef2e724-39fd-43dd-bcf0-9a418af50116"; const merudata_url = "https://ccm.merudata.app/assets/"; let domain_merudataID = null; // Set in isBYU() or isHawaii() // If this is a production BYU or BYU-Hawaii site, load the scripts if ( !isPreview() ) { if ( isBYU() || isHawaii() ) { loadConfig(); } } // Preview site? function isPreview() { return window.location.hostname.includes( "brigham-young.psdops.com" ); } // BYU site? function isBYU() { let isBYU = window.location.hostname.includes( "byu.edu" ); if ( isBYU ) { domain_merudataID = byu_merudataID; } return isBYU; } // BYU-Hawaii site? function isHawaii() { const isByuH_url = window.location.hostname.includes( "byuh.edu" ); const styleEl = document.querySelectorAll("style[data-cssvarsponyfill='true']")[0]; let isBYUH = isByuH_url || (styleEl ? styleEl.textContent.includes("--primaryColor: #9e1b34;") : false); if ( isBYUH ) { domain_merudataID = byuh_merudataID; } return isBYUH; } // Load scripts function loadConfig() { let scriptConfig = document.createElement("script"); scriptConfig.src = merudata_url + domain_merudataID + "/ccmconfig.js"; scriptConfig.onload = function() { loadScript(); // Load the script file loadStylesheet(); // Load the stylesheet file }; document.head.appendChild(scriptConfig); } function loadScript() { let script = document.createElement("script"); script.src = merudata_url + domain_merudataID + "/d_ccm.min.js"; document.head.appendChild(script); } function loadStylesheet() { let stylesheet = document.createElement("link"); stylesheet.rel = "stylesheet"; stylesheet.href = merudata_url + domain_merudataID + "/ccm.min.css" ; stylesheet.media = "print"; stylesheet.onload = function() { this.media = 'all'; }; document.head.appendChild(stylesheet); } })();</script> <script type="application/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-53TX96JGL9" async></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-53TX96JGL9');</script> <script>// Add the search bar to the header document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get the ul element with class SiteNavigation-items const navigationList = document.querySelector('.SiteNavigation-items'); // Create a new li element with the class SiteNavigation-items-item const searchListItem = document.createElement('li'); searchListItem.setAttribute('class', 'SiteNavigation-items-item'); // Set the HTML content of the new li element to the search form code searchListItem.innerHTML = ` <form class="Header-search-form" action="https://universe.prod.brigham-young.psdops.com/search" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="Header-search-input" name="q" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search"> <button class="Header-search-button" type="submit"> <svg class="icon-search"> <use xlink:href="#icon-search" href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> </form> `; // Add the new li element to the ul element navigationList.appendChild(searchListItem); // Fetch all elements with class 'ArticlePage-datePublished' const dateElements = document.querySelectorAll('.ArticlePage-datePublished'); dateElements.forEach(el => { let dateStr = el.textContent || el.innerText; // Get the text content of the element // Use regex to remove the time let dateOnly = dateStr.replace(/\s\d{2}:\d{2}\s[APM]{2}/, ""); // Use regex to remove the leading 0 from days dateOnly = dateOnly.replace(/(\w+)\s0(\d),/, "$1 $2,"); el.textContent = dateOnly; // Set the content back to the element without the time and leading 0 from days }); // Fetch all elements with class 'ArticlePage-authorTitle' const authorElements = document.querySelectorAll('.ArticlePage-authorTitle'); authorElements.forEach(el => { let authorName = el.textContent || el.innerText; // Get the text content of the element el.textContent = "By " + authorName; // Prefix the author name with "By " }); }); </script> <script>/* Embed the main Twitter widget */ window.twttr = (function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], t = window.twttr || {}; if (d.getElementById(id)) return t; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); t._e = []; t.ready = function(f) { t._e.push(f); }; return t; }(document, "script", "twitter-wjs")); /* Convert WordPress Twitter widgets, if present */ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { const figures = document.querySelectorAll('.wp-block-embed-twitter'); figures.forEach(figure => { const tweetLink = figure.querySelector('div').textContent; // Create a blockquote element for the embedded tweet const blockquote = document.createElement('blockquote'); blockquote.className = 'twitter-tweet'; const anchor = document.createElement('a'); anchor.href = tweetLink; blockquote.appendChild(anchor); // Clear the figure content and append the blockquote figure.innerHTML = ''; figure.appendChild(blockquote); }); // Load the Twitter embed script twttr.widgets.load(); });</script> <script type="application/javascript" src="//www.instagram.com/embed.js" async></script> <script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { const figures = document.querySelectorAll('.wp-block-embed-instagram'); figures.forEach(figure => { const div = figure.querySelector('div'); const instagramLink = div.textContent.trim(); // Create a blockquote element for the embedded Instagram post const blockquote = document.createElement('blockquote'); blockquote.className = 'instagram-media'; blockquote.setAttribute('data-instgrm-permalink', instagramLink); blockquote.setAttribute('data-instgrm-version', '12'); // Clear the figure content and append the blockquote figure.innerHTML = ''; figure.appendChild(blockquote); }); // Load the Instagram embed script window.instgrm.Embeds.process(); });</script> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display:none" class="icons-map"> <symbol id="arrow-up" viewBox="0 0 30 30"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <circle cx="15" cy="15" r="14.25" stroke="#0057b8" stroke-width="1.5"/> <path fill="#0057b8" d="M20.777 18.446a.423.423 0 0 1-.616 0l-5.264-5.263-5.263 5.263a.423.423 0 0 1-.616 0l-.67-.67a.423.423 0 0 1 0-.615l6.241-6.241a.423.423 0 0 1 .616 0l6.241 6.24a.423.423 0 0 1 0 .617l-.67.67z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-close" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <title>Close</title> <g> <path d="M437.5,386.6L306.9,256l130.6-130.6c14.1-14.1,14.1-36.8,0-50.9c-14.1-14.1-36.8-14.1-50.9,0L256,205.1L125.4,74.5 c-14.1-14.1-36.8-14.1-50.9,0c-14.1,14.1-14.1,36.8,0,50.9L205.1,256L74.5,386.6c-14.1,14.1-14.1,36.8,0,50.9 c14.1,14.1,36.8,14.1,50.9,0L256,306.9l130.6,130.6c14.1,14.1,36.8,14.1,50.9,0C451.5,423.4,451.5,400.6,437.5,386.6z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-home" viewBox="0 0 50 50"> <title>Home</title> <g> <path d="m25 9.0937l-17.719 16.281h5.563v15.531h24.312v-15.531h5.563l-17.719-16.281z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-down" viewBox="0 0 30 30"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <circle cx="15" cy="15" r="14.25" stroke="#0057b8" stroke-width="1.5"/> <path fill="#0057b8" d="M9.018 11.92a.423.423 0 0 1 .616 0l5.263 5.263 5.264-5.263a.423.423 0 0 1 .616 0l.67.67a.423.423 0 0 1 0 .615l-6.242 6.241a.423.423 0 0 1-.616 0l-6.24-6.24a.423.423 0 0 1 0-.617l.669-.67z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-left" viewBox="0 0 6 10"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.731.601a.317.317 0 0 1 0 .461L1.794 5 5.73 8.938a.317.317 0 0 1 0 .46l-.5.502a.317.317 0 0 1-.461 0L.1 5.23a.317.317 0 0 1 0-.46L4.77.1a.317.317 0 0 1 .46 0l.501.501z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-left-large" viewBox="0 0 60 60"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M30 58.5c15.74 0 28.5-12.76 28.5-28.5S45.74 1.5 30 1.5 1.5 14.26 1.5 30 14.26 58.5 30 58.5zm0 1.5C13.431 60 0 46.569 0 30 0 13.431 13.431 0 30 0c16.569 0 30 13.431 30 30 0 16.569-13.431 30-30 30z"/> <path d="M34.5 20.586L23.953 30.5 34.5 40.414l-1.477 1.336L21 30.5l12.023-11.25z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-left-large-hover" viewBox="0 0 60 60"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M30 60C13.431 60 0 46.569 0 30 0 13.431 13.431 0 30 0c16.569 0 30 13.431 30 30 0 16.569-13.431 30-30 30zm4.5-39.414l-1.477-1.336L21 30.5l12.023 11.25 1.477-1.336L23.953 30.5 34.5 20.586z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 6 10"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M.1 9.399a.317.317 0 0 1 0-.461L4.038 5 .1 1.062a.317.317 0 0 1 0-.46L.601.1a.317.317 0 0 1 .461 0l4.67 4.67a.317.317 0 0 1 0 .46L1.061 9.9a.317.317 0 0 1-.46 0L.1 9.399z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-right-large" viewBox="0 0 60 60"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M30 58.5c15.74 0 28.5-12.76 28.5-28.5S45.74 1.5 30 1.5 1.5 14.26 1.5 30 14.26 58.5 30 58.5zm0 1.5C13.431 60 0 46.569 0 30 0 13.431 13.431 0 30 0c16.569 0 30 13.431 30 30 0 16.569-13.431 30-30 30z"/> <path d="M25 20.586l1.477-1.336L38.5 30.5 26.477 41.75 25 40.414 35.547 30.5z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="arrow-right-large-hover" viewBox="0 0 60 60"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M30 60C13.431 60 0 46.569 0 30 0 13.431 13.431 0 30 0c16.569 0 30 13.431 30 30 0 16.569-13.431 30-30 30zm-5-39.414L35.547 30.5 25 40.414l1.477 1.336L38.5 30.5 26.477 19.25 25 20.586z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-refresh" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M1639 1056q0 5-1 7-64 268-268 434.5t-478 166.5q-146 0-282.5-55t-243.5-157l-129 129q-19 19-45 19t-45-19-19-45v-448q0-26 19-45t45-19h448q26 0 45 19t19 45-19 45l-137 137q71 66 161 102t187 36q134 0 250-65t186-179q11-17 53-117 8-23 30-23h192q13 0 22.5 9.5t9.5 22.5zm25-800v448q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-448q-26 0-45-19t-19-45 19-45l138-138q-148-137-349-137-134 0-250 65t-186 179q-11 17-53 117-8 23-30 23h-199q-13 0-22.5-9.5t-9.5-22.5v-7q65-268 270-434.5t480-166.5q146 0 284 55.5t245 156.5l130-129q19-19 45-19t45 19 19 45z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 264 512"> <path d="M215.8 85H264V3.6C255.7 2.5 227.1 0 193.8 0 124.3 0 76.7 42.4 76.7 120.3V192H0v91h76.7v229h94V283h73.6l11.7-91h-85.3v-62.7c0-26.3 7.3-44.3 45.1-44.3z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-instagram" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path d="M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9 287.7 141 224.1 141zm0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7 74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7zm146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8 26.8 12 26.8 26.8zm76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9 1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0 35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2 26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9 2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8zM398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6 29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6 11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-threads" viewBox="0 0 439.999 511.429"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" fill="black" d="M342.382 237.037a175.843 175.843 0 00-6.707-3.045c-3.947-72.737-43.692-114.379-110.428-114.805-38.505-.256-72.972 15.445-94.454 48.041l36.702 25.178c15.265-23.159 39.221-28.097 56.864-28.097.203 0 .408 0 .61.003 21.973.139 38.555 6.528 49.287 18.987 7.81 9.071 13.034 21.606 15.62 37.425-19.482-3.312-40.552-4.329-63.077-3.039-63.449 3.656-104.24 40.661-101.5 92.081 1.39 26.083 14.384 48.522 36.586 63.18 18.773 12.391 42.95 18.451 68.078 17.08 33.183-1.819 59.214-14.48 77.376-37.631 13.793-17.579 22.516-40.362 26.368-69.068 15.814 9.543 27.535 22.103 34.007 37.2 11.007 25.665 11.648 67.84-22.764 102.222-30.15 30.121-66.392 43.151-121.164 43.554-60.757-.45-106.707-19.934-136.582-57.914-27.976-35.563-42.434-86.93-42.973-152.675.539-65.745 14.997-117.113 42.973-152.675 29.875-37.979 75.824-57.464 136.581-57.914 61.197.455 107.948 20.033 138.967 58.195 15.21 18.713 26.677 42.248 34.236 69.688l43.011-11.476c-9.163-33.775-23.581-62.881-43.203-87.017C357.031 25.59 298.872.519 223.935 0h-.3C148.851.518 91.343 25.683 52.709 74.794 18.331 118.498.598 179.308.002 255.534l-.002.18.002.18c.596 76.226 18.329 137.037 52.707 180.741 38.634 49.11 96.142 74.277 170.926 74.794h.3c66.487-.462 113.352-17.868 151.96-56.442 50.511-50.463 48.991-113.717 32.342-152.548-11.944-27.847-34.716-50.464-65.855-65.402zm-114.795 107.93c-27.809 1.566-56.7-10.917-58.124-37.652-1.056-19.823 14.108-41.942 59.83-44.577 5.237-.302 10.375-.45 15.422-.45 16.609 0 32.146 1.613 46.272 4.702-5.268 65.798-36.173 76.483-63.4 77.977z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-twitter" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path fill="black" d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path d="M100.3 448H7.4V148.9h92.9V448zM53.8 108.1C24.1 108.1 0 83.5 0 53.8S24.1 0 53.8 0s53.8 24.1 53.8 53.8-24.1 54.3-53.8 54.3zM448 448h-92.7V302.4c0-34.7-.7-79.2-48.3-79.2-48.3 0-55.7 37.7-55.7 76.7V448h-92.8V148.9h89.1v40.8h1.3c12.4-23.5 42.7-48.3 87.9-48.3 94 0 111.3 61.9 111.3 142.3V448h-.1z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-tiktok" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path fill="black" d="M448 209.91a210.06 210.06 0 0 1-122.77-39.25v178.72A162.55 162.55 0 1 1 185 188.31v89.89a74.62 74.62 0 1 0 52.23 71.18V0h88a121.18 121.18 0 0 0 1.86 22.17A122.18 122.18 0 0 0 381 102.39a121.43 121.43 0 0 0 67 20.14Z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-tumblr" viewBox="0 0 320 512"> <path d="M309.8 480.3c-13.6 14.5-50 31.7-97.4 31.7-120.8 0-147-88.8-147-140.6v-144H17.9c-5.5 0-10-4.5-10-10v-68c0-7.2 4.5-13.6 11.3-16 62-21.8 81.5-76 84.3-117.1.8-11 6.5-16.3 16.1-16.3h70.9c5.5 0 10 4.5 10 10v115.2h83c5.5 0 10 4.4 10 9.9v81.7c0 5.5-4.5 10-10 10h-83.4V360c0 34.2 23.7 53.6 68 35.8 4.8-1.9 9-3.2 12.7-2.2 3.5.9 5.8 3.4 7.4 7.9l22 64.3c1.8 5 3.3 10.6-.4 14.5z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-pinterest" viewBox="0 0 496 512"> <path d="M496 256c0 137-111 248-248 248-25.6 0-50.2-3.9-73.4-11.1 10.1-16.5 25.2-43.5 30.8-65 3-11.6 15.4-59 15.4-59 8.1 15.4 31.7 28.5 56.8 28.5 74.8 0 128.7-68.8 128.7-154.3 0-81.9-66.9-143.2-152.9-143.2-107 0-163.9 71.8-163.9 150.1 0 36.4 19.4 81.7 50.3 96.1 4.7 2.2 7.2 1.2 8.3-3.3.8-3.4 5-20.3 6.9-28.1.6-2.5.3-4.7-1.7-7.1-10.1-12.5-18.3-35.3-18.3-56.6 0-54.7 41.4-107.6 112-107.6 60.9 0 103.6 41.5 103.6 100.9 0 67.1-33.9 113.6-78 113.6-24.3 0-42.6-20.1-36.7-44.8 7-29.5 20.5-61.3 20.5-82.6 0-19-10.2-34.9-31.4-34.9-24.9 0-44.9 25.7-44.9 60.2 0 22 7.4 36.8 7.4 36.8s-24.5 103.8-29 123.2c-5 21.4-3 51.6-.9 71.2C65.4 450.9 0 361.1 0 256 0 119 111 8 248 8s248 111 248 248z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-email" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-print" viewBox="0 0 24 18"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <mask id="icon-print-mask" fill="#fff"> <path d="M0 0h24v18H0z"/> </mask> <path d="M6.5 16.5H17v-3H6.5v3zm0-7.5H17V4.5h-1.875c-.313 0-.578-.11-.797-.328A1.085 1.085 0 0 1 14 3.375V1.5H6.5V9zm13.277 1.277A.72.72 0 0 0 20 9.75a.72.72 0 0 0-.223-.527A.72.72 0 0 0 19.25 9a.72.72 0 0 0-.527.223.72.72 0 0 0-.223.527.72.72 0 0 0 .223.527.72.72 0 0 0 .527.223.72.72 0 0 0 .527-.223zM21.5 9.75v4.875a.36.36 0 0 1-.111.264.36.36 0 0 1-.264.111H18.5v1.875c0 .313-.11.578-.328.797a1.085 1.085 0 0 1-.797.328H6.125c-.313 0-.578-.11-.797-.328A1.085 1.085 0 0 1 5 16.875V15H2.375a.36.36 0 0 1-.264-.111.36.36 0 0 1-.111-.264V9.75c0-.617.22-1.146.662-1.588.442-.441.97-.662 1.588-.662H5V1.125c0-.313.11-.578.328-.797C5.547.11 5.812 0 6.125 0H14c.313 0 .656.078 1.031.234.375.157.672.344.89.563l1.782 1.781c.219.219.406.516.563.89.156.376.234.72.234 1.032v3h.75c.617 0 1.146.22 1.588.662.441.442.662.97.662 1.588z" mask="url(#icon-print-mask)"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bookmark" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M0 512V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h288c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v464L192 400 0 512z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-favorite" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M462.3 62.6C407.5 15.9 326 24.3 275.7 76.2L256 96.5l-19.7-20.3C186.1 24.3 104.5 15.9 49.7 62.6c-62.8 53.6-66.1 149.8-9.9 207.9l193.5 199.8c12.5 12.9 32.8 12.9 45.3 0l193.5-199.8c56.3-58.1 53-154.3-9.8-207.9z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-follow" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-unfollow" viewBox="0 0 13 13"> <path d="M57.74 178.63c0 .156-.127.283-.283.283h-7.914c-.156 0-.282-.127-.282-.283v-2.26c0-.156.126-.283.282-.283h7.914c.156 0 .282.127.282.283v2.26zM47 177.5c0 3.584 2.916 6.5 6.5 6.5s6.5-2.916 6.5-6.5-2.916-6.5-6.5-6.5-6.5 2.916-6.5 6.5z" transform="translate(-567 -1044) translate(520 873)"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-youtube" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"> <path d="M711 1128l484-250-484-253v503zm185-862q168 0 324.5 4.5t229.5 9.5l73 4q1 0 17 1.5t23 3 23.5 4.5 28.5 8 28 13 31 19.5 29 26.5q6 6 15.5 18.5t29 58.5 26.5 101q8 64 12.5 136.5t5.5 113.5v176q1 145-18 290-7 55-25 99.5t-32 61.5l-14 17q-14 15-29 26.5t-31 19-28 12.5-28.5 8-24 4.5-23 3-16.5 1.5q-251 19-627 19-207-2-359.5-6.5t-200.5-7.5l-49-4-36-4q-36-5-54.5-10t-51-21-56.5-41q-6-6-15.5-18.5t-29-58.5-26.5-101q-8-64-12.5-136.5t-5.5-113.5v-176q-1-145 18-290 7-55 25-99.5t32-61.5l14-17q14-15 29-26.5t31-19.5 28-13 28.5-8 23.5-4.5 23-3 17-1.5q251-18 627-18z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-burger-menu" viewBox="0 0 20 12"> <title>Burger Menu Icon</title> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M0 1h20M0 6h20M0 11h20"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-close-x" width="16" height="15" viewBox="0 0 16 15"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M1 0l14.142 14.142M15.142 0L1 14.142"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-close-overlay-x" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30"> <path fill="#FFF" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.625 0c4.031 0 7.477 1.43 10.336 4.29 2.86 2.858 4.289 6.304 4.289 10.335 0 4.031-1.43 7.477-4.29 10.336-2.858 2.86-6.304 4.289-10.335 4.289-4.031 0-7.477-1.43-10.336-4.29C1.43 22.103 0 18.657 0 14.626c0-4.031 1.43-7.477 4.29-10.336C7.147 1.43 10.593 0 14.624 0zm0 27.984c3.75 0 6.914-1.289 9.492-3.867 2.578-2.578 3.867-5.742 3.867-9.492 0-3.75-1.289-6.914-3.867-9.492-2.578-2.578-5.742-3.867-9.492-3.867-3.75 0-6.914 1.289-9.492 3.867-2.578 2.578-3.867 5.742-3.867 9.492 0 3.75 1.289 6.914 3.867 9.492 2.578 2.578 5.742 3.867 9.492 3.867zm5.906-20.109l.844.844-5.906 5.906 5.906 5.906-.844.844-5.906-5.906-5.906 5.906-.844-.844 5.906-5.906-5.906-5.906.844-.844 5.906 5.906 5.906-5.906z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-fullscreen" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill="#0057b8" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/> <path fill="#FFF" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M6.017 5.167h3.237c.321 0 .58-.259.58-.58V4.58c0-.32-.259-.579-.58-.579H4.58C4.26 4 4 4.258 4 4.58v4.674c0 .321.258.58.58.58h.008c.32 0 .579-.259.579-.58V6.017l4.879 4.846a.573.573 0 0 0 .408.166.578.578 0 0 0 .408-.987L6.018 5.167zM19.42 4h-4.675c-.321 0-.58.258-.58.58v.008c0 .32.259.579.58.579h3.237l-4.846 4.879a.578.578 0 0 0 .817.82l4.88-4.85v3.238c0 .321.258.58.579.58h.008c.32 0 .579-.259.579-.58V4.58c0-.32-.258-.579-.58-.579zm-8.967 8.967c-.154 0-.3.058-.408.166l-4.88 4.85v-3.237c0-.321-.258-.58-.579-.58H4.58c-.32 0-.579.259-.579.58v4.675c0 .32.258.579.58.579h4.674c.321 0 .58-.258.58-.58v-.008c0-.32-.259-.579-.58-.579H6.017l4.846-4.879a.578.578 0 0 0-.409-.987zm8.967 1.2h-.008c-.321 0-.58.258-.58.579v3.237l-4.879-4.846a.573.573 0 0 0-.408-.166.578.578 0 0 0-.408.987l4.845 4.875h-3.237c-.321 0-.58.259-.58.58v.008c0 .32.259.579.58.579h4.675c.32 0 .579-.258.579-.58v-4.674c0-.321-.258-.58-.58-.58z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-search" viewBox="0 0 100 100"> <style>.st{stroke-width:10;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-linecap:round;}</style> <circle class="st" cx="45.5" cy="45.5" r="24.5"/><path class="st" d="M63 63l16 16"/> </symbol> <svg id="icon-dropdown-arrow" width="9" height="5" viewBox="0 0 9 5"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.32.57a.247.247 0 0 1 0 .36L4.68 4.57a.247.247 0 0 1-.36 0L.68.93a.247.247 0 0 1 0-.36l.39-.39a.247.247 0 0 1 .36 0L4.5 3.25 7.57.18a.247.247 0 0 1 .36 0l.39.39z"></path> </svg> <svg id="icon-chevron-down" viewBox="0 0 9 5"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.32.57a.247.247 0 0 1 0 .36L4.68 4.57a.247.247 0 0 1-.36 0L.68.93a.247.247 0 0 1 0-.36l.39-.39a.247.247 0 0 1 .36 0L4.5 3.25 7.57.18a.247.247 0 0 1 .36 0l.39.39z"></path> </svg> <symbol id="icon-video" width="80" height="80" viewBox="0 0 80 80"> <circle class="icon-video-fill" stroke=none cx="40" cy="40" r="37.5" /> <circle class="icon-video-outline" fill=none cx="40" cy="40" r="37.5" /> <polygon class="icon-video-triangle" stroke=none points="28,20.4 62,40 28,59.6 " /> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-chevron-left" viewBox="0 0 256 512"> <path d="M231.293 473.899l19.799-19.799c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L70.393 256 251.092 74.87c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L231.293 38.1c-4.686-4.686-12.284-4.686-16.971 0L4.908 247.515c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L214.322 473.9c4.687 4.686 12.285 4.686 16.971-.001z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-chevron-right" viewBox="0 0 256 512"> <path d="M24.707 38.101L4.908 57.899c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L185.607 256 4.908 437.13c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L24.707 473.9c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.971 0l209.414-209.414c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L41.678 38.101c-4.687-4.687-12.285-4.687-16.971 0z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-time" viewBox="0 0 42 42"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"> <path d="M41.125 21c0 11.116-9.013 20.125-20.125 20.125C9.88 41.125.875 32.116.875 21S9.88.875 21 .875C32.112.875 41.125 9.884 41.125 21z"/> <path d="M20.125 11.375V21l10.5 9.625"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-download" viewBox="0 0 384 512"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M348.5 264l-148 148.5c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0L35.5 264c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l7.1-7.1c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0l115.4 116V44c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h10c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v311.9L324.4 240c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0l7.1 7.1c4.7 4.6 4.7 12.2 0 16.9zM384 468v-8c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12H12c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v8c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12h360c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-grid-view" viewBox="0 0 23 23"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M14.5 0h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M6.5 0h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M22.5 0h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M14.5 8h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M6.5 8h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M22.5 8h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M14.5 16h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M6.5 16h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M22.5 16h-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-list-view" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M10.5 0H.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v10a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h10a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M10.5 13H.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v10a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h10a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-10a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5M12.5 2h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1M23.5 3h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 5h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 7h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 9h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 14h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 16h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 18h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 20h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1M23.5 22h-11a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h11a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bullet-arrow-circle" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g id="bullet/arrow-circle" stroke-width="1" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M9.345,6.533 L6.5875,9.4435 C6.4465,9.592 6.2565,9.674 6.053,9.674 C5.8565,9.674 5.6715,9.5975 5.532,9.458 L5.384,9.311 C5.0965,9.023 5.083,8.543 5.354,8.2405 L6.4645,6.998 L2.7505,6.998 C2.3365,6.998 2.0005,6.6615 2.0005,6.248 L2.0005,5.75 C2.0005,5.336 2.3365,5 2.7505,5 L6.4475,5.001 L5.307,3.7575 C5.0315,3.457 5.042,2.978 5.3305,2.6895 L5.4785,2.542 C5.7625,2.258 6.2575,2.2635 6.536,2.552 L9.341,5.464 C9.624,5.758 9.626,6.237 9.345,6.533 M6,0 C2.6915,0 0,2.691 0,6 C0,9.3085 2.6915,12 6,12 C9.3085,12 12,9.3085 12,6 C12,2.691 9.3085,0 6,0" id="Fill-399"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bullet-arrow" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g id="bullet/arrow" stroke-width="1" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M11.9263107,5.37327196 L6.85189122,0.348851732 C6.37189884,-0.131140648 5.51241248,-0.113140933 5.01192043,0.386351137 C4.49392865,0.904342913 4.47692892,1.72982981 4.97742098,2.23132185 L7.13838667,4.30278896 L1.01548388,4.30278896 C0.379993967,4.30278896 0,4.93877886 0,5.55276911 C0,5.86176421 0.0839986664,6.15625953 0.236496245,6.38275594 C0.420493324,6.65675159 0.692489006,6.80774919 1.00098411,6.80774919 L7.13888666,6.80774919 L5.06141964,8.88771617 C4.83242328,9.11471256 4.70742526,9.42320767 4.70742526,9.7552024 C4.70692527,10.1091968 4.85392294,10.4596912 5.11041887,10.7161871 C5.3664148,10.9716831 5.71590925,11.1186807 6.06990363,11.1186807 C6.40189836,11.1186807 6.71039347,10.9931827 6.93938983,10.7646864 L11.9278106,5.72676635 C12.0248091,5.62876791 12.0238091,5.47027042 11.9263107,5.37327196" id="Fill-347"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bullet-solid" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <circle cx="6" cy="6" r="3" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bullet-chevron" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g id="bullet/chevron" stroke-width="1" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M10.1632872,5.81004475 L3.51983519,0.0610863115 C3.46933556,0.017586626 3.40333604,-0.00391321855 3.33783651,0.000586748922 C3.27133699,0.00608670916 3.20983743,0.0365864887 3.16633775,0.08758612 L2.05984575,1.37857679 C2.01684606,1.42857643 1.99534622,1.49457595 2.00084618,1.56057547 C2.00634614,1.62707499 2.03734591,1.68857455 2.08834554,1.73157423 L7.11330922,5.99904338 L2.08834554,10.2685125 C2.03734591,10.3115122 2.00634614,10.3730118 2.00084618,10.4395113 C1.99534622,10.5055108 2.01684606,10.5715103 2.05984575,10.62151 L3.16633775,11.9125006 C3.20983743,11.9635003 3.27133699,11.994 3.33783651,11.9995 C3.34383647,12 3.34983642,12 3.35633638,12 C3.41583595,12 3.47383553,11.9785002 3.51983519,11.9390004 L10.1632872,6.18804202 C10.2177868,6.14054236 10.2497865,6.07204286 10.2497865,5.99904338 C10.2497865,5.92604391 10.2177868,5.85754441 10.1632872,5.81004475" id="Fill-397"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-bullet-dash" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g id="bullet/dash" stroke-width="1" fill-rule="evenodd"> <rect id="Rectangle" x="1" y="5" width="10" height="2" rx="1"></rect> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-external-link" width="448" height="512" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M448 80v352c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V80c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h352c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48zm-88 16H248.029c-21.313 0-32.08 25.861-16.971 40.971l31.984 31.987L67.515 364.485c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971l31.029 31.029c4.687 4.686 12.285 4.686 16.971 0l195.526-195.526 31.988 31.991C358.058 263.977 384 253.425 384 231.979V120c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24z"> </path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-clock" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/> <polyline points="12 6 12 12 15 15"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-phone" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"> <path d="M1600 1240q0 27-10 70.5t-21 68.5q-21 50-122 106-94 51-186 51-27 0-52.5-3.5t-57.5-12.5-47.5-14.5-55.5-20.5-49-18q-98-35-175-83-128-79-264.5-215.5t-215.5-264.5q-48-77-83-175-3-9-18-49t-20.5-55.5-14.5-47.5-12.5-57.5-3.5-52.5q0-92 51-186 56-101 106-122 25-11 68.5-21t70.5-10q14 0 21 3 18 6 53 76 11 19 30 54t35 63.5 31 53.5q3 4 17.5 25t21.5 35.5 7 28.5q0 20-28.5 50t-62 55-62 53-28.5 46q0 9 5 22.5t8.5 20.5 14 24 11.5 19q76 137 174 235t235 174q2 1 19 11.5t24 14 20.5 8.5 22.5 5q18 0 46-28.5t53-62 55-62 50-28.5q14 0 28.5 7t35.5 21.5 25 17.5q25 15 53.5 31t63.5 35 54 30q70 35 76 53 3 7 3 21z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-calendar" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M160,256H96v-64h64V256z M288,192h-64v64h64V192z M416,192h-64v64h64V192z M160,288H96v64h64V288z M288,288h-64v64h64V288z M416,288h-64v64h64V288z M160,384H96v64h64V384z M288,384h-64v64h64V384z M128,96c17.672,0,32-14.313,32-32V32 c0-17.688-14.328-32-32-32S96,14.313,96,32v32C96,81.688,110.328,96,128,96z M512,64v448H0V64h80c0,26.469,21.531,48,48,48 s48-21.531,48-48h160c0,26.469,21.531,48,48,48s48-21.531,48-48H512z M480,160H32v320h448V160z M384,96c17.688,0,32-14.313,32-32V32 c0-17.688-14.313-32-32-32s-32,14.313-32,32v32C352,81.688,366.313,96,384,96z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-checkmark" viewBox="0 0 1280.000000 1280.000000"> <g transform="translate(0.000000,1280.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)" fill="#000000" stroke="none"> <path d="M6100 12794 c-25 -2 -112 -8 -195 -14 -1720 -125 -3349 -977 -4456 -2330 -1097 -1340 -1600 -3045 -1408 -4765 233 -2086 1486 -3930 3347 -4929 1324 -711 2863 -929 4342 -615 1233 261 2375 893 3259 1805 1404 1447 2041 3442 1735 5434 -341 2223 -1850 4118 -3949 4962 -578 233 -1166 373 -1815 434 -153 14 -753 27 -860 18z m800 -989 c337 -32 678 -95 994 -185 624 -177 1242 -483 1761 -873 1035 -778 1755 -1889 2039 -3147 220 -979 166 -2006 -157 -2955 -247 -726 -652 -1401 -1170 -1950 -473 -502 -963 -866 -1567 -1164 -471 -233 -960 -392 -1480 -480 -801 -136 -1616 -94 -2400 125 -817 229 -1604 672 -2220 1252 -509 479 -884 986 -1181 1596 -464 956 -636 2003 -503 3066 155 1240 749 2407 1664 3265 948 890 2157 1402 3470 1469 148 7 588 -4 750 -19z"/> <path d="M9193 9046 c-23 -7 -62 -25 -85 -39 -24 -14 -803 -787 -1733 -1716 l-1690 -1691 -980 979 c-770 769 -991 984 -1030 1004 -72 36 -152 49 -222 36 -111 -21 -141 -44 -411 -317 -300 -303 -307 -314 -307 -462 0 -83 3 -102 27 -150 23 -46 259 -286 1475 -1503 l1448 -1447 2166 2167 c2439 2441 2214 2200 2214 2373 0 145 -12 163 -318 468 -210 209 -262 255 -310 277 -70 32 -181 42 -244 21z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-24-chevron-right" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M9.62,5.29a.91.91,0,0,0-1.34,0A1,1,0,0,0,8.2,6.61l.08.1,5,5.29-5,5.29a1,1,0,0,0-.08,1.32l.08.1a.91.91,0,0,0,1.25.08l.09-.08L16,12Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-24-chevron-left" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M14.38,5.29a.91.91,0,0,1,1.34,0,1,1,0,0,1,.08,1.32l-.08.1-5,5.29,5,5.29a1,1,0,0,1,.08,1.32l-.08.1a.91.91,0,0,1-1.25.08l-.09-.08L8,12Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-24-chevron-down" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M5.29,9.62a.91.91,0,0,1,0-1.34A1,1,0,0,1,6.61,8.2l.1.08,5.29,5,5.29-5a1,1,0,0,1,1.32-.08l.1.08a.91.91,0,0,1,.08,1.25l-.08.09L12,16Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-24-chevron-up" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M18.71,14.38a.91.91,0,0,1,0,1.34,1,1,0,0,1-1.32.08l-.1-.08-5.29-5-5.29,5a1,1,0,0,1-1.32.08l-.1-.08a.91.91,0,0,1-.08-1.25l.08-.09L12,8Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-activity" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <g fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M4 4h16v2H4zM0 4h2v2H0zM4 9h14v2H4zM0 9h2v2H0zM4 14h10v2H4zM0 14h2v2H0z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-lock" viewBox="0 0 40 40"> <g fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M20,0A20,20,0,1,0,40,20,20,20,0,0,0,20,0Zm0,38A18,18,0,1,1,38,20,18,18,0,0,1,20,38Z" /> <path d="M27.36,17.69v-2.6a7.36,7.36,0,0,0-14.72,0v2.6A2.39,2.39,0,0,0,11,20v9.82a2.4,2.4,0,0,0,2.45,2.45h13.1A2.4,2.4,0,0,0,29,29.82V20A2.39,2.39,0,0,0,27.36,17.69ZM20,9.36a5.7,5.7,0,0,1,5.73,5.73v2.46H14.27V15.09A5.7,5.7,0,0,1,20,9.36Zm7.36,20.46a.77.77,0,0,1-.81.82H13.45a.77.77,0,0,1-.81-.82V20a.77.77,0,0,1,.81-.82h13.1a.77.77,0,0,1,.81.82Z" /> <path d="M21.64,22.45a1.64,1.64,0,1,0-2.3,1.5l-.57,3.41h2.46L20.66,24A1.65,1.65,0,0,0,21.64,22.45Z" /> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-launch" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/> <path d="M19 19H5V5h7V3H5c-1.11 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.89 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2v-7h-2v7zM14 3v2h3.59l-9.83 9.83 1.41 1.41L19 6.41V10h2V3h-7z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-star" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M0 0L24 0 24 24 0 24z"/> <path d="M0 0L24 0 24 24 0 24z"/> <path fill="currentColor" d="M12 18.324L19.416 22.8 17.448 14.364 24 8.688 15.372 7.956 12 0 8.628 7.956 0 8.688 6.552 14.364 4.584 22.8z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-wand" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M0.003 0L24.003 0 24.003 24 0.003 24z"/> <path fill="currentColor" d="M24 0l-2.857 1.6L18.286 0l1.6 2.857-1.6 2.857 2.857-1.6L24 5.714l-1.6-2.857L24 0zm-8.719 6.045c-.446-.446-1.166-.446-1.611 0L.334 19.381c-.445.445-.445 1.165 0 1.61l2.674 2.675c.446.445 1.166.445 1.611 0l13.325-13.324c.445-.446.445-1.166 0-1.612L15.28 6.045zm-1.177 6.274l-2.423-2.423 2.789-2.788 2.422 2.422-2.788 2.789z"/> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-note" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M24.333 3H5.653C4.187 3 3 4.2 3 5.667l.013 18.666C3.013 25.8 4.2 27 5.667 27H19l8-8V5.667C27 4.2 25.8 3 24.333 3zm-16 6.667h13.334v2.666H8.333V9.667zm6.667 8H8.333V15H15v2.667zM17.667 25v-7.333H25L17.667 25z" /> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M0 0L24 0 24 24 0 24z"/> <path fill="currentColor" d="M0 22.727h24L12 2 0 22.727zm13.09-3.272h-2.18v-2.182h2.18v2.182zm0-4.364h-2.18v-4.364h2.18v4.364z"/> </g> </symbol> </svg> </head> <body class="ArticlePage-body header-large hide-read-time" > <a class="Header-skipToMainContent btn" href="#maincontent" data-cms-ai="0">Skip to main content</a> <ps-header class="Header header-light" data-with-toggle-menu> <!-- header top --> <div class="Header-contentTop"> <!-- Page logo --> <div class="Header-logo"> <a aria-label="home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img class="PageLogo-image" src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/52/5b/f0f2450c4f379e180dd3a5e99de5/du-flag-2010-black.svg" alt=""/> </a> </div> <!-- header title , breadcrumbs--> <div class="Header-titles"> <button class="Header-menu-button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sr-only">Menu</span></button> </div> <!-- search --> <div class="Header-actions"> <div class="Header-search"> <form class="Header-search-form" action="https://universe.byu.edu/search" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="Header-search-input" name="q" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search"> <button class="Header-search-button" type="submit"> <svg class="icon-search"> <use xlink:href="#icon-search" href="#icon-search" /></svg> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <!-- end header top --> <div class="Header-navigation" data-main-navigation data-toggle-item="navigation"> <nav class="SiteNavigation text-left " > <ul class="SiteNavigation-items"> <li class="SiteNavigation-items-item "> <div class="SiteNavigationItem" > <div class="SiteNavigationItem-text"> <a class="SiteNavigationItem-text-link " href="https://universe.byu.edu/campus" data-cms-ai="0">Campus</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="SiteNavigation-items-item "> <div class="SiteNavigationItem" > <div class="SiteNavigationItem-text"> <a class="SiteNavigationItem-text-link " href="https://universe.byu.edu/metro" data-cms-ai="0">Metro</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="SiteNavigation-items-item "> <div class="SiteNavigationItem" > <div class="SiteNavigationItem-text"> <a class="SiteNavigationItem-text-link " href="https://universe.byu.edu/sports" data-cms-ai="0">Sports</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="SiteNavigation-items-item "> <div class="SiteNavigationItem" > <div class="SiteNavigationItem-text"> <a class="SiteNavigationItem-text-link " href="https://universe.byu.edu/in-depth" data-cms-ai="0">In-Depth</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </ps-header> <div id="maincontent"></div> <div class="ArticlePage-contentWrapper"> <div class="ArticlePage-headingWrapper no-lead no-aside " > <div class="ArticlePage-intro"> <div class="ArticlePage-breadcrumbs"> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/news" data-cms-ai="0" >News</a></div> <h1 class="ArticlePage-headline"> LDS in Senate and House of Representatives </h1> <div class="ArticlePage-byline"><span class="ArticlePage-authorName"><span class="ArticlePage-authorBy">By </span><a aria-label="Alex E. J. Mohammad" href="https://universe.byu.edu/alex-e-j-mohammad" data-cms-ai="0">Alex E. J. Mohammad</a></span>, <div class="ArticlePage-datePublished"> January 29, 2015 12:00 AM </div> <meta content="2015-01-29T07:00:00Z"> </div> <div class="ActionBar-favorite-actions "> <div class="ActionBar "> <div class="ActionBar-items"> <div class="ActionBar-items-item "><a class="MailToLink" href="mailto:?body=LDS%20in%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Funiverse.byu.edu%2F2015%2F01%2F29%2Flds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives%2F%0A%0AMembers%20of%20The%20Church%20of%20Jesus%20Christ%20of%20Latter-day%20Saints%20have%20been%20involved%20in%20politics%20since%20Joseph%20Smith%20ran%20for%20president%20in%201844.%20Many%20other%20Mormons%20have%20held%20government%20positions%2C%20on%20both%20a%20state%20and%20federal%20level.%20Ezra%20Taft%20Benson%2C%20the%2013th%20president%20of%20the%20Church%2C%20served%20as%20the%20secretary%20of%20Agriculture%20under%20President%20Dwight%20D.%20Eisenhower.%20Utah%27s%20current%20governor%2C%20Gary%20Herbert%2C%20is%20also%20a%20member%20of%20the%20Church.&" data-cms-ai="0"> <span class="sr-only">Email</span> <svg class="icon icon-email"><use xlink:href="#icon-email"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="ActionBar-items-item "><a class="ActionLink twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Funiverse.byu.edu%2F2015%2F01%2F29%2Flds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives%2F&text=LDS%20in%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" ><span class="sr-only">Link to X (formally Twitter) User</span> <svg class="icon icon-twitter"><use xlink:href="#icon-twitter"/></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ArticlePage-content no-lead no-aside "> <main class="ArticlePage-main"> <article class="ArticlePage-mainContent no-aside" > <div class="ArticlePage-articleBody " > <div class="RichTextArticleBody"> <div class="RichTextArticleBody-body RichTextBody"><p>Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been involved in politics since Joseph Smith ran for president in 1844. Many other Mormons have held government positions, on both a state and federal level. Ezra Taft Benson, the 13th president of the Church, served as the secretary of Agriculture under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Utah's current governor, Gary Herbert, is also a member of the Church.</p><p>Several members of the LDS Church currently serve as United States Congressmen:</p><p>U.S. Senate<br></p><ul><br> <li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Reid" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Harry Reid<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (D-Nevada) Senate majority leader</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Udall" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Tom Udall<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (D-New Mexico)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Crapo" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Mike Crapo<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Idaho)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Flake" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Jeff Flake<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Arizona)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Orrin Hatch<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Utah)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Heller" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Dean Heller<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Nevada)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Lee_(U.S._politician)" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Mike Lee<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Utah)</li><p></p></ul><p>U.S. House of Representatives<br></p><ul><br> <li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eni_Faleomavaega" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Eni Faleomavaega<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (D-American Samoa) non-voting delegate</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Matheson" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Jim Matheson<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (D-Utah)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Bishop" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Rob Bishop<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Utah)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Chaffetz" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Jason Chaffetz<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Utah)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Stewart_(politician)" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Chris Stewart<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Utah)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Labrador" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Raúl Labrador<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Idaho)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck_McKeon" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Buck McKeon<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-California)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Salmon" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Matt Salmon<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Arizona)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Simpson" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Mike Simpson<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Idaho)</li><p> </p><li><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curt_Clawson" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Curt Clawson<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span>, (R-Florida)</li><p></p></ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="clear-fix"></div> <div class="ArticlePage-tags"> <div class="Tags"> <div class="Tags-title">Tags</div> <div class="Tags-items"> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/church" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >church<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/house-of-representative" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >house of representative<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/joseph-smith" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >joseph smith<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/lds" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >lds<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/mormons" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >mormons<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/politics" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >politics<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/senate" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >senate<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> <a class="Link" href="https://universe.byu.edu/tag/news" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >news<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ArticlePage-actions below"> <div class="ActionBar "> <div class="ActionBar-title">Share</div> <div class="ActionBar-items"> <div class="ActionBar-items-item "><a class="MailToLink" href="mailto:?body=LDS%20in%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Funiverse.byu.edu%2F2015%2F01%2F29%2Flds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives%2F%0A%0AMembers%20of%20The%20Church%20of%20Jesus%20Christ%20of%20Latter-day%20Saints%20have%20been%20involved%20in%20politics%20since%20Joseph%20Smith%20ran%20for%20president%20in%201844.%20Many%20other%20Mormons%20have%20held%20government%20positions%2C%20on%20both%20a%20state%20and%20federal%20level.%20Ezra%20Taft%20Benson%2C%20the%2013th%20president%20of%20the%20Church%2C%20served%20as%20the%20secretary%20of%20Agriculture%20under%20President%20Dwight%20D.%20Eisenhower.%20Utah%27s%20current%20governor%2C%20Gary%20Herbert%2C%20is%20also%20a%20member%20of%20the%20Church.&" data-cms-ai="0"> <span class="sr-only">Email</span> <svg class="icon icon-email"><use xlink:href="#icon-email"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="ActionBar-items-item "><a class="ActionLink twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Funiverse.byu.edu%2F2015%2F01%2F29%2Flds-members-in-senate-and-house-of-representatives%2F&text=LDS%20in%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" ><span class="sr-only">Link to X (formally Twitter) User</span> <svg class="icon icon-twitter"><use xlink:href="#icon-twitter"/></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </main> </div> </div> <div class="ArticlePage-below"><div class="RawHtmlModule"> <span class="Anchor" id="rawhtml-00000186-0e36-d" ></span> <div class="RawHtmlModule-html"><style>/* Mobile First Styles */ .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo { width: 100%; position: absolute; top: 2rem; } .PageLogo-image { width: 100%; height: auto; } .Header-contentTop { height: 130px; padding: 5px 0; } .ListCardImageOnTop-items-item > .PromoCardImageOnTop { box-shadow: none; } .PromoCardImageOnTop > .PromoCardImageOnTop-content { padding: 5px 0px 70px 0px !important; } .Page-main > .ListCardImageOnTop { padding-top: 0px; } .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-weight: 400 !important; } /* Desktop Styles */ @media screen and (min-width: 776px) { .Header-contentTop { height: 15em; } .Header-titles { display: none; } .Header-actions { padding-right: 10em; } .Header-logo { width: 600px; height: 550px; } .Header-navigation { padding-left: 0 !important; } .SiteNavigation { display: grid !important; justify-content: center !important; } .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo > a > .PageLogo-image { max-width: 800px; } .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-weight: 400 !important; } .PromoCardImageOnTop-description { color: black !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 4000px) { .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo > a > img { width: 90vw; /* Changed to vw for consistency, consider if this is what you want. */ } .Header-logo { height: auto; } .Header-menu-button { margin-top: 0; background: black; } .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo > a > .PageLogo-image { max-width: 1000px; } .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-weight: 400 !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { .Header-contentTop > .Header-logo > a > img { width: 70vw; } .college-home > .Page-body > .Header > .Header-navigation > .SiteNavigation > .SiteNavigation-items { grid-auto-flow: row; } .RichTextArticleBody-body { font-weight: 400 !important; } } </style></div> </div> </div> <footer class="Footer"> <div class="Footer-contentTop"> <div class="Footer-container"> <div class="Footer-row"> <div class="Footer-footerContent"> <div class="RichTextModule" > <span class="Anchor" id="richtext-about-us" ></span> <div class="RichTextModule-title">About Us</div> <div class="RichTextModule-items RichTextBody"><p>The Daily Universe is an educational lab tied to the curriculum of the journalism sequence in the BYU School of Communications and is committed to the mission of BYU and its sponsoring institution, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.</p><p>Contact us: <span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="javascript:;" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Dureceptionist@byu.edu<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="Footer-navigationItem"><div class="NavigationItem with-items" data-dropdown-icon > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> Social Links </div> <div class="NavigationItem-items" data-toggle-item="navItem"> <div class="NavigationItem-items-item" data-subnav-inline> <a class="SocialLink" href="https://www.facebook.com/UniverseBYU/" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook" data-cms-ai="0"><span class="sr-only">Link to facebook</span> <svg class="icon icon-facebook"><use xlink:href="#icon-facebook"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="NavigationItem-items-item" data-subnav-inline> <a class="SocialLink" href="https://twitter.com/UniverseBYU" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter" data-cms-ai="0"><span class="sr-only">Link to twitter</span> <svg class="icon icon-twitter"><use xlink:href="#icon-twitter"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="NavigationItem-items-item" data-subnav-inline> <a class="SocialLink" href="https://www.instagram.com/universebyu" target="_blank" data-social-service="instagram" data-cms-ai="0"><span class="sr-only">Link to instagram</span> <svg class="icon icon-instagram"><use xlink:href="#icon-instagram"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="NavigationItem-items-item" data-subnav-inline> <a class="SocialLink" href="https://www.youtube.com/@Universe-BYU" target="_blank" data-social-service="youtube" data-cms-ai="0"><span class="sr-only">Link to youtube</span> <svg class="icon icon-youtube"><use xlink:href="#icon-youtube"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="NavigationItem-items-item" data-subnav-inline> <a class="SocialLink" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@dailyunivsports" target="_blank" data-social-service="tiktok" data-cms-ai="0"><span class="sr-only">Link to tiktok</span> <svg class="icon icon-tiktok"><use xlink:href="#icon-tiktok"/></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Footer-contentBottom"> <div class="Footer-container"> <div class="Footer-logo"><a aria-label="home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img class="PageLogo-image" src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/52/5b/f0f2450c4f379e180dd3a5e99de5/du-flag-2010-black.svg" alt=""/> </a> </div> <div class="Footer-secondaryLogo"><a aria-label="home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img class="PageLogo-image" src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/52/5b/f0f2450c4f379e180dd3a5e99de5/du-flag-2010-black.svg" alt=""/> </a> </div> <div class="Footer-content"> <div class="Footer-disclaimer">©2024 BYU Daily Universe</div> <div class="Footer-mobileDisclaimer">©2024 BYU Daily Universe</div> <div class="Footer-privacyPolicy"><span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="https://privacy.byu.edu/" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Privacy Notice<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span> | <span class="Enhancement display-inline "><a class="Link" href="https://infosec.byu.edu/cookie-prefs" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0" >Cookie Preferences<svg class="icon icon-external-link"><use xlink:href="#icon-external-link"/></svg></a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/resource/00000173-da06-d043-a7ff-dece7d790000/_resource/brightspot/analytics/search/SiteSearchAnalytics.5eb1a8a326b06970c71b3a253fbeaa64.gz.js" data-bsp-contentid="00000189-9337-dc07-a7e9-f73faa920000"></script><span data-bsp-pv="4f8e492c-6f2f-390e-bc61-f176d3a37ab9"></span><span data-bsp-pv="00000189-9337-dc07-a7e9-f73faa920000"></span><script data-bsp-site="00000185-9d72-d3a2-abbd-9d7ff4db0000" data-bsp-contentid="00000189-9337-dc07-a7e9-f73faa920000"></script><script data-bsp-site="00000185-9d72-d3a2-abbd-9d7ff4db0000" data-bsp-contentid="00000189-9337-dc07-a7e9-f73faa920000" src="https://brightspotcdn.byu.edu/resource/00000173-da06-d043-a7ff-dece7d790000/_resource/analytics/bsp-analytics.min.3d492319d8b084de04ab3a208c32f0b5.gz.js"></script></body> </html>