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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Detail by country or territory subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Detail_by_country_or_territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alphabetical_index_to_classifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphabetical_index_to_classifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Alphabetical index to classifications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphabetical_index_to_classifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Northern_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Northern Africa </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horn_of_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.5 Horn of Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horn_of_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_Ocean_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_Ocean_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.6 Indian Ocean States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_Ocean_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.7 Southern Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Americas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 North America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Central America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caribbean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caribbean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 Caribbean </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caribbean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.4 South America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 Central Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.2 West Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.3 South Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.4 East Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southeast_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southeast_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.5 Southeast Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southeast_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.1 Central Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.2 Eastern Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.3 Northern Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.4 Southern Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.5 Western Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Oceania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australasia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australasia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.1 Australasia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australasia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Melanesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Melanesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.2 Melanesia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Melanesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micronesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micronesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.3 Micronesia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micronesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polynesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polynesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6.4 Polynesia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polynesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Footnotes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 References </div> </a> <ul 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(August 2020)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg/400px-Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg/600px-Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg/800px-Legal_status_of_bitcoin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Legal status of bitcoin</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Legal tender (bitcoin is officially recognized as a medium of exchange)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Permissive (legal to use bitcoin, with minimal or no restrictions)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Restricted (some legal restrictions on the usage of bitcoin)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Contentious (interpretation of old laws, but bitcoin is not directly prohibited)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Prohibited (full or partial prohibition on the use of bitcoin)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  No data (no information available)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:right"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legal_status_of_bitcoin" title="Template:Legal status of bitcoin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legal_status_of_bitcoin" title="Template talk:Legal status of bitcoin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legal_status_of_bitcoin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legal status of bitcoin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Legal_status" title="Legal status">legal status</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptocurrencies">cryptocurrencies</a> varies substantially from one jurisdiction to another, and is still undefined or changing in many of them.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Whereas, in the majority of countries the usage of cryptocurrency isn't in itself illegal, its status and usability as a means of payment (or a commodity) varies, with differing regulatory implications.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> While some states have explicitly allowed its use and trade, others have banned or restricted it. Likewise, various government agencies, departments, and courts have classified cryptocurrencies differently. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-4"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Detail_by_intergovernmental_organization">Detail by intergovernmental organization</h2></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The European Union has passed no specific legislation relative to the status of bitcoin as a currency, but has stated that VAT/GST is not applicable to the conversion between traditional (fiat) currency and bitcoin. VAT/GST and other taxes (such as income tax) still apply to transactions made using bitcoins for goods and services. <a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: European Union  In October 2015, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that "The exchange of traditional currencies for units of the 'bitcoin' virtual currency is exempt from VAT" and that "Member States must exempt, inter alia, transactions relating to 'currency, bank notes and coins used as <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a>'", making bitcoin a currency as opposed to being a commodity.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> According to judges, the tax should not be charged because bitcoins should be treated as a means of payment.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a>, traditional financial sector regulation is not applicable to bitcoin because it does not involve traditional financial actors.<a href="#cite_note-ECB-7">[7]</a>: 5  Others in the EU have stated, however, that existing rules can be extended to include bitcoin and bitcoin companies.<a href="#cite_note-EUPARANNEX-8">[8]</a> The European Central Bank classifies bitcoin as a convertible decentralized virtual currency.<a href="#cite_note-ECB-7">[7]</a>: 6  In July 2014 the <a href="/wiki/European_Banking_Authority" title="European Banking Authority">European Banking Authority</a> advised European banks not to deal in virtual currencies such as bitcoin until a regulatory regime was in place.<a href="#cite_note-EBA-9">[9]</a> In 2016 the European Parliament's proposal to set up a taskforce to monitor virtual currencies to combat money laundering and terrorism, passed by 542 votes to 51, with 11 abstentions, has been sent to the European Commission for consideration.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In January 2022, <a href="/wiki/Erik_Thed%C3%A9en" title="Erik Thedéen">Erik Thedéen</a>, vice-chair of the <a href="/wiki/European_Securities_and_Markets_Authority" title="European Securities and Markets Authority">European Securities and Markets Authority</a>, called for an <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> ban on <a href="/wiki/Proof_of_work" title="Proof of work">proof of work</a> crypto-mining to favor the <a href="/wiki/Proof_of_stake" title="Proof of stake">proof of stake</a> model and fight <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/G8_(forum)" class="mw-redirect" title="G8 (forum)">G7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In 2013 the <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">G7</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Financial_Action_Task_Force" title="Financial Action Task Force">Financial Action Task Force</a> issued the following statement in guidelines which may be applicable to companies involved in transmitting bitcoin and other currencies, "Internet-based <a href="/wiki/Payment_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Payment services">payment services</a> that allow third party funding from anonymous sources may face an increased risk of [money laundering/terrorist financing]." They concluded that this might "pose challenges to countries in [anti-money laundering/counter-terrorist financing] regulation and supervision".<a href="#cite_note-fatf-12">[12]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Detail_by_country_or_territory">Detail by country or territory</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ALegality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Protected+edit+request+on+24+November+2024&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+fully-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Legality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory">making an edit request</a><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a> . Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory#Complete_list_of_missing_countries" title="Talk:Legality of cryptocurrency by country or territory">talk page</a>. (April 2017)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphabetical_index_to_classifications">Alphabetical index to classifications</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="#Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="#Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="#Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="#Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="#Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="#Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="#Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="#Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="#Bosnia_and_Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="#Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="#Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="#Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="#Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="#Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="#China">China</a> (<a href="#Hong_Kong">Hong Kong SAR</a>)</li> <li><a href="#Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="#Costa_Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="#Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="#Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="#Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="#Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="#Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="#Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="#Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="#Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="#France">France</a></li> <li><a href="#Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="#Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="#Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="#Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="#Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="#India">India</a></li> <li><a href="#Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="#Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="#Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="#Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="#Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="#Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="#Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="#Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="#Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="#Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="#South_Korea">Korea (South)</a></li> <li><a href="#Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="#Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="#Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="#North_Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="#Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="#Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="#Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="#Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="#Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="#Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="#New_Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="#Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="#Nigeria">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="#Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="#Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="#Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="#Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="#Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="#Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="#Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="#Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="#Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="#Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="#Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="#Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="#South_Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="#Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="#Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="#Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="#Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="#Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="#Trinidad_and_Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="#Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="#Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="#United_Arab_Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="#United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="#United_States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="#Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="#Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="#Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="#Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Northern_Africa">Northern Africa</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> According to the official journal (28 December 2017): Art. 117. — The purchase, sale, use, and holding of so-called virtual currency is prohibited. Virtual currency is that used by internet users via the web. It is characterized by the absence of physical support such as coins, notes, payments by cheque or credit card. Any breach of this provision is punishable in accordance with the laws and regulations in force.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 82  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> "Individuals, banks, and other financial institutions are prohibited from dealing in cryptocurrencies."<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> On 20 November 2017 the exchange office issued a public statement in which it declared, "The Office des Changes wishes to inform the general public that the transactions via virtual currencies constitute an infringement of the exchange regulations, liable to penalties and fines provided for by [existing laws] in force."<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 87  The following day, the monetary authorities also reacted in a statement issued jointly by the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Bank Al-Maghrib and the Moroccan Capital Market Authority (AMMC), warning against risks associated with bitcoin, which may be used "for illicit or criminal purposes, including money laundering and terrorist financing".<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> On 19 December 2017, Abdellatif Jouahri, governor of Bank Al-Maghrib, said at a press conference held in Rabat during the last quarterly meeting of the Bank Al-Maghrib's Board of 2017 that bitcoin is not a currency but a "financial asset". He also warned of its dangers and called for a framework to be put in place for consumer protection.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Africa">Western Africa</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> As of 17 January 2017, The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has passed a circular to inform all Nigerian banks that bank transactions in bitcoin and other virtual currencies have been banned in Nigeria.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Later on, a committee was set up by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) to look into the possibility of the country adopting the technology driving bitcoin and other digital currencies – blockchain. The committee has submitted its report but "several sub-committees are still working on the issue" according to the Director, Banking & Payments System Department at CBN, Mr. ‘Dipo Fatokun.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> On 5 February 2021, The <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Nigeria" title="Central Bank of Nigeria">Central Bank of Nigeria</a> issued a circular informing financial institutions in Nigeria that sequel to their circular in January 2017, dealing in cryptocurrency or facilitating payment for same remains prohibited and would attract a stiff penalty.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_and_Central_Africa">East and Central Africa</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / Use discouraged by central bank <hr /> While not officially banned, the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Tanzania" title="Bank of Tanzania">Bank of Tanzania</a> advises not to use cryptocurrency, stressing that the <a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_shilling" title="Tanzanian shilling">Tanzanian shilling</a> is the only acceptable <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 22 April 2022 parliament of the Central African Republic voted for the cryptocurrency law which was promulgated on 27 April officially making Bitcoin a legal tender in the country.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In April 2023, the CAR agreed to repeal the adoption of Bitcoin as legal tender.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southeast_Africa">Southeast Africa</h4></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Horn_of_Africa">Horn of Africa</h4></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indian_Ocean_States">Indian Ocean States</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The Financial Services Commission of Mauritius considers cryptocurrencies to be regulated as a Digital Asset under the Financial Services Act 2007, and while it cautions investors they are not protected by any statutory compensation agreements, they are legal.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southern_Africa">Southern Africa</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> While government officials have advised against the use of bitcoin, there is no legislation against it and it remains fully legal.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In December 2014 the Reserve Bank of South Africa issued a position paper on virtual currencies whereby it declared that virtual currency had "no legal status or regulatory framework".<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> The South African Revenue Service classified bitcoin as an intangible asset.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> In September 2017 the Bank of Namibia issued a position paper on virtual currencies entitled<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> wherein it declared cryptocurrency exchanges are not allowed and cryptocurrency cannot be accepted as payment for goods and services. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_question_mark_(italic).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg/15px-Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg/23px-Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg/30px-Blue_question_mark_%28italic%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Unknown <hr /> The Reserve Bank Of Zimbabwe has banned the banking use of crypto currency, however the High Court Order lifted the ban. The Reserve Bank have filed a notice of objection with the Court. However, no source indicating a resolution of the matter was located.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWNovember2021LOC-30">[30]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Americas">Americas</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_America">North America</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/BitLicense" title="BitLicense">BitLicense</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Companies dealing in virtual currencies must register with the national <a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">financial intelligence</a> agency <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada</a> (FINTRAC), implement compliance programs, keep the required records, report suspicious or terrorist-related transactions, and determine if any of their customers are "politically exposed persons." The law applies to non-Canadian virtual currency exchanges if they have Canadian customers. Banks may not open or maintain accounts or have a correspondent banking relationship with companies dealing in virtual currencies if that company is not registered with FINTRAC. Dealers in digital currency are regulated as money services businesses.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_des_march%C3%A9s_financiers_(Quebec)" title="Autorité des marchés financiers (Quebec)">Autorité des marchés financiers</a> (AMF), the financial regulator in the province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, has declared that some bitcoin related business models, including exchanges and ATMs, are regulated under its current MSB Act.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> As of April 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Montreal" title="Bank of Montreal">Bank of Montreal</a> (BMO) announced that it would ban its credit and debit card customers from participating in cryptocurrency purchases with their cards.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> This is following another banking ban in Canada from <a href="/wiki/Toronto-Dominion_Bank" title="Toronto-Dominion Bank">Toronto-Dominion Bank</a> (TD).<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">U.S. Treasury</a> classified bitcoin as a convertible decentralized virtual currency in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-JSC-35">[35]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Commodity_Futures_Trading_Commission" title="Commodity Futures Trading Commission">Commodity Futures Trading Commission</a> (CFTC), classified bitcoin as a commodity in September 2015. Per the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a> (IRS), bitcoin is taxed as a property.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Bitcoin was mentioned in a <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> opinion (in the case of Wisconsin Central Ltd. v. United States) on 21 June 2018.<a href="#cite_note-ussc-37">[37]</a> In an opinion, the U.S. Supreme Court mentioned that the definition of money has changed over time and that "perhaps one day employees will be paid in Bitcoin or some other type of cryptocurrency..."<a href="#cite_note-ussc-37">[37]</a> If money services businesses, including cryptocurrency exchanges, money transmitters, and anonymizing services (known as "mixers" or "tumblers") do a substantial amount of business in the U.S., according to <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a> (FinCEN) director Kenneth Blanco in 2018, they are required to:<a href="#cite_note-fincen20180809-38">[38]</a> <ul><li>register with the <a href="/wiki/FinCEN" class="mw-redirect" title="FinCEN">U.S. FinCEN</a> as a money services business</li> <li>design and enforce an <a href="/wiki/Anti-money_laundering" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-money laundering">anti-money laundering</a> (AML) program, and</li> <li>keep appropriate records and make reports to FinCEN, including <a href="/wiki/Suspicious_Activity_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspicious Activity Report">Suspicious Activity Reports</a> (SARs) and <a href="/wiki/Currency_Transaction_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Currency Transaction Report">Currency Transaction Reports</a> (CTRs)</li></ul> As of August 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit">[update]</a>, U.S. FinCEN had been receiving more than 1,500 SARs per month involving cryptocurrencies.<a href="#cite_note-fincen20180809-38">[38]</a> Seventeen other countries have similar AML requirements.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> In September 2016, in a federal court case involving a person operating an unlicensed money transmitting businesses, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York">U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> ruled that "Bitcoins are funds within the plain meaning of that term. Bitcoins can be accepted as a payment for goods and services or bought directly from an exchange with a bank account. They therefore function as pecuniary resources and are used as a medium of exchange and a means of payment."<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Bitcoin was legal in Mexico as of 2017, with plans to regulate it as a virtual asset by the FinTech Law.<a href="#cite_note-elfinanciero20190322-40">[40]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_America">Central America</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Not considered currency <hr /> In October 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Costa_Rica" title="Central Bank of Costa Rica">Central Bank of Costa Rica</a> issued a statement that Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies are not considered currencies, are not backed by law, and cannot be traded on Costa Rica's national payment system. The Central Bank emphasized that anyone who used cryptocurrency did so at their own risk.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_in_El_Salvador" title="Bitcoin in El Salvador">Bitcoin in El Salvador</a></div> Bitcoin was made <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a> in the country through the <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Law" title="Bitcoin Law">Bitcoin Law</a>, which was passed on 8 June 2021,<a href="#cite_note-btcasamblea-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-btcelsalvador20210608-43">[43]</a> and took effect on 7 September 2021.<a href="#cite_note-wsj20210907-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnbc20210907-45">[45]</a> One month on, more Salvadorans have Bitcoin wallets than traditional bank accounts, and the most popular Bitcoin wallet—the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_El_Salvador" title="Government of El Salvador">government's</a> officially-sponsored Chivo wallet—had been downloaded by three million people, approaching 46 percent of the population.<a href="#cite_note-forbes20211006-46">[46]</a> However, only 12 percent of Salvadoran consumers have used the cryptocurrency, and 93 percent of companies surveyed reported receiving no payments in bitcoin during the first month.<a href="#cite_note-nbc20211007-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Not regulated as of 2014 <hr /> As of 2014, the government had not passed any regulation on Bitcoin, nor had the central bank issued rulings or guidelines. In January 2014, <a href="/wiki/El_Nuevo_Diario" title="El Nuevo Diario">El Nuevo Diario</a> reported that an American banker had used bitcoin to purchase real estate in the country. <a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Nicaragua  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Caribbean">Caribbean</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In 2017, <a href="/wiki/The_Bank_of_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bank of Jamaica">The Bank of Jamaica</a> (BoJ), issued a statement saying that it must create opportunities for the exploitation of cryptocurrency technology. The BoJ said it planned a campaign to build awareness of cryptocurrencies as part of increasing general financial literacy.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Jamaica  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago">Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago</a> issued a statement that it was willing to work with companies that provided <a href="/wiki/Financial_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial technology">Fintech</a> and virtual currencies, while also cautioning that virtual currencies were risky, could be used to facilitate criminal activities, and lacked insurance and regulator recourse in case of problems.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_America">South America</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Bitcoins may be considered money, but not <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal currency</a>. A bitcoin may be considered either a good or a thing under the Argentina's Civil Code, and transactions with bitcoins may be governed by the rules for the sale of goods under the Civil Code.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Argentina  On May 5, 2022, the Central Bank of Argentina banned financial institutions to facilitate any cryptocurrency-related transactions.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Bolivia" title="Central Bank of Bolivia">Central Bank of Bolivia</a> issued a resolution banning bitcoin and any other currency not regulated by a country or economic zone in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-bol-52">[52]</a> Resolution of the Central Bank of Bolivia No. 144 of Dec. 15, 2020 repealed Resolution No. 044 of May 6, 2014.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In December 2022, Brazil established a licensing regime for virtual asset service providers with the aim of legalizing crypto as a payment method. Previously regulated, according to a 2014 statement by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Brazil" title="Central Bank of Brazil">Central Bank of Brazil</a> concerning cryptocurrencies, but is discouraged because of operational risks.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In November 2017 this unregulated and discouraged status was reiterated by the Central Bank of Brazil.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> On 7 May 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Receita_Federal_do_Brasil" title="Receita Federal do Brasil">Special Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil</a> published a document on cryptocurrency taxes in the country.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> There is no regulation on the use of bitcoins.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Chile  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Financial institutions are not allowed to facilitate bitcoin transactions. The Superintendencia Financiera warned financial institutions in 2014 that they may not "protect, invest, broker, or manage virtual money operations".<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to trade and hold / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal as a payment tool, banking ban <hr /> Usage of any cryptocurrency as a payment tool is banned, according to Article 98 of the Organic Code on Monetary and Financial Matters, with sanctions that includes the seizure of cryptocurrencies and any product acquired with them.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> As of December 25, 2021, no person has been criminally prosecuted for this reason. The Ecuadorian financial system strictly blocks any cryptocurrency-related transaction. Despite this, on January 8, 2018, according to a statement issued by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Ecuador" title="Central Bank of Ecuador">Central Bank of Ecuador</a>, the purchase and sale of bitcoins is legal.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to hold / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal to mine <hr /> In January 2018 Carlos Vargas, the government's cryptocurrency superintendent said "It is an activity that is now perfectly legal. We have had meetings with the Supreme Court so that people who have been victims of seizures and arrests in previous years will have charges dismissed."<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable source?</a>] In March 2023, regulators issued a temporary ban on all cryptocurrency mining, due to concerns over corruption and embezzlement. As of June the ban remained in place.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Asia">Central Asia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> In August 2022 Taliban banned trading in cryptocurrencies.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Bitcoin is considered a commodity,<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> not a security or currency under the laws of the Kyrgyz Republic and may be legally mined, bought, sold and traded on a local commodity exchange.<a href="#cite_note-kyr-62">[62]</a> The use of bitcoin as a currency in domestic settlements is restricted.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 2 September 2018, a decree legalizing crypto trading — also making it tax-free — and mining in the country came into force, making Uzbekistan a crypto-friendly state.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="West_Asia">West Asia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> According to the Library of Congress "The Central Bank does not recognize cryptocurrencies as a form of payment yet. However, it is working on a new regulation for retail payment services that introduces the concept of tokens that could be used for payment purposes."<a href="#cite_note-RCAWNovember2021LOC-30">[30]</a> On 13 February 2018 Dubai gold trader Regal RA DMCC became the first company in the Middle East to get a license to trade cryptocurrencies, the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre said.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> DMCC's website emphasizes the "cold storage" of cryptocurrencies and states "DMCC's Crypto-commodities license is for Proprietary Trading in Crypto-commodities only. No initial coin offerings are permitted and no establishment of an exchange is permitted under this license."<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In November 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Commodities_Authority" title="Securities and Commodities Authority">Securities and Commodities Authority</a> published "The Chairman of the Authority's Board of Directors' Decision No. (23/Chairman) of 2020 Concerning Crypto Assets Activities Regulation." It establishes a regulatory framework for the offering, issuance, listing, and trading of crypto assets. Crypto assets providers must be incorporated onshore within the UAE.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Not considered currency <hr /> As of 2017, the Israel Tax Authorities issued a statement saying that bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies would not fall under the legal definition of currency, and neither of that of a financial security, but of a taxable asset.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Each time a bitcoin is sold, the seller would have to pay a capital gains tax of 25%. Miners, traders of bitcoins would be treated as businesses and would have to pay corporate income tax as well as charge a 17% VAT.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Financial institutions are warned from using bitcoin.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Central_Bank" title="Saudi Central Bank">Saudi Central Bank</a> (SAMA) has warned from using bitcoin as it is high risk and its dealers will not be guaranteed any protection or rights.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> The government of Jordan has issued a warning discouraging the use of bitcoin and other similar systems.<a href="#cite_note-disco-74">[74]</a> The Central Bank of Jordan prohibits banks, currency exchanges, financial companies, and <a href="/wiki/Payment_service_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Payment service companies">payment service companies</a> from dealing in bitcoins or other digital currencies.<a href="#cite_note-jordantimes-75">[75]</a> While it warned the public of risks of bitcoins, and that they are not legal tender, bitcoins are still accepted by small businesses and merchants.<a href="#cite_note-jordantimes-75">[75]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The government of Lebanon has issued a warning discouraging the use of bitcoin and other similar systems.<a href="#cite_note-disco-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal as a payment tool, banking ban <hr /> On 16 April 2021, <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" title="Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey">Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey</a> issued a regulation banning the use of cryptocurrencies including bitcoin and other such digital assets based on distributed ledger technology, directly or indirectly, to pay for goods and services, citing possible "irreparable" damage and transaction risks starting 30 April 2021.<a href="#cite_note-TRBanPayment-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Banks are not allowed to trade in bitcoin due to concerns over financial crimes and hacking. Additionally cryptocurrency is banned in the <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Financial_Centre" title="Qatar Financial Centre">Qatar Financial Centre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Financial institutions are not allowed by central bank to facilitate bitcoin transactions.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> In April 2018, <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran</a> issued a statement banning the country's banks and financial institutions from dealing with cryptocurrencies, citing money laundering and terrorism financing risks.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> Financial institutions are not allowed to facilitate bitcoin transactions.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> In September 2014, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bank" title="Bangladesh Bank">Bangladesh Bank</a> said that "anybody caught using the virtual currency could be jailed under the country's strict anti-money laundering laws".<a href="#cite_note-bangla-80">[80]</a> In 2021 the Bangladesh Bank said that cryptocurrency transactions or trade should be deemed as crimes if they involve money laundering or terror financing.<a href="#cite_note-BangladeshCentralBank-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Finance minister Arun Jaitley, in his budget speech on 1 February 2018, stated that the government will do everything to discontinue the use of bitcoin and other virtual currencies in India for criminal uses. He reiterated that India does not recognise them as legal tender and will instead encourage blockchain technology in payment systems. "The government does not recognise cryptocurrency as legal tender or coin and will take all measures to eliminate the use of these cryptoassets in financing illegitimate activities or as part of the payments system," Jaitley said.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In early 2018 India's central bank, the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_India" title="Reserve Bank of India">Reserve Bank of India</a> (RBI) announced a ban on the sale or purchase of cryptocurrency for entities regulated by RBI.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In 2019, a petition has been filed by Internet and Mobile Association of India with the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> challenging the legality of cryptocurrencies and seeking a direction or order restraining their transaction.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> In March 2020, the Supreme Court of India passed the verdict, revoking the RBI ban on cryptocurrency trade.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> In 2021, the government is exploring the creation of a state-backed digital currency issued by the Reserve Bank of India, while banning private ones like bitcoin.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> At present, India neither prohibits nor allows investment in the cryptocurrency market. In 2020, the Supreme Court of India had specifically lifted the ban on cryptocurrency, which was imposed by the Reserve Bank of India.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Since then the investment in cryptocurrency is considered legitimate though there is still ambiguity about the issues regarding the extent and payment of tax on the income accrued thereupon and also its regulatory regime. But it is being contemplated that the Indian Parliament will soon pass a specific law to either ban or regulate the cryptocurrency market in India.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Expressing his public policy opinion on the Indian <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency" title="Cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a> market to a well-known online publication, a leading <a href="/wiki/Public_policy" title="Public policy">public policy</a> lawyer and Vice President of <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">SAARCLAW</a> (South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation in Law) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemant_Batra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemant Batra (page does not exist)">Hemant Batra</a> has said that the "cryptocurrency market has now become very big with involvement of billions of dollars in the market hence, it is now unattainable and irreconcilable for the government to completely ban all sorts of cryptocurrency and its trading and investment".<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> He mooted regulating the cryptocurrency market rather than completely banning it. He favoured following <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Financial_Action_Task_Force" title="Financial Action Task Force">FATF</a> guidelines in this regard. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> Absolute ban.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> The use of any cryptocurrency is illegal in Nepal.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Cryptocurrencies including bitcoin are not officially regulated in Pakistan;<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> however, it is not illegal or banned. As of 16 January 2021, the State Bank of Pakistan has not authorized any individuals or organizations to carry out the sale, purchase, exchange, and investment of virtual currencies, coins, and tokens.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> There have been a number of arrests by the Cyber Crime Wing of the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) related to the mining of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. These arrests were made under money-laundering charges.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Despite the many controversies around virtual currencies, prominent Pakistani bloggers and social media influencers are publicly involved in trading bitcoin and regularly publish content on social media in the favor of regulating cryptocurrencies. In December 2020, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government became the first province in Pakistan to pass a resolution to legalize cryptocurrency in the country.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_Asia">East Asia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (PRC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal <hr /> Financial institutions are not allowed to facilitate bitcoin transactions.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> Regulation prohibits financial firms holding or trading cryptocurrencies.<a href="#cite_note-EUPARANNEX-8">[8]</a>: China  On 5 December 2013, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="People's Bank of China">People's Bank of China</a> (PBOC) made its first step in regulating bitcoin by prohibiting financial institutions from handling bitcoin transactions.<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberd-100">[100]</a> On 1 April 2014 PBOC ordered commercial banks and payment companies to close bitcoin trading accounts in two weeks.<a href="#cite_note-wsj4-2014-101">[101]</a> Cryptocurrency exchanges or trading platforms were effectively banned by regulation in September 2017 with 173 platforms closed down by July 2018.<a href="#cite_note-LOC2018China-102">[102]</a> In early 2018 the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="People's Bank of China">People's Bank of China</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/State_Administration_of_Foreign_Exchange" title="State Administration of Foreign Exchange">State Administration of Foreign Exchange</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Pan_Gongsheng" title="Pan Gongsheng">Pan Gongsheng</a> would crack down on bitcoin mining.<a href="#cite_note-techcrunchBTC-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-ChinaDaily20180105-104">[104]</a> Many bitcoin mining operations in China had stopped operating by January 2018.<a href="#cite_note-LOC2018China-102">[102]</a> A complete ban on cryptocurrency trading and mining was put into effect on 24 September 2021.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In 2013 <a href="/wiki/Norman_Chan" title="Norman Chan">Norman Chan</a>, the chief executive of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Monetary_Authority" title="Hong Kong Monetary Authority">Hong Kong Monetary Authority</a> (HKMA) said that bitcoin is only a virtual commodity. He also decided that bitcoin will not be regulated by HKMA. However, the authority will be closely watching the usage of bitcoin locally and its development overseas.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_for_Financial_Services_and_the_Treasury" title="Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury">Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury</a> addressed bitcoin in the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a> stating that "Hong Kong at present has no legislation directly regulating bitcoins and other virtual currencies of [a] similar kind. However, our existing laws (such as the Organised and Serious Crimes Ordinance) provide sanctions against unlawful acts involving bitcoins, such as fraud or money laundering."<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Hong Kong  Starting in late 2022 government bodies including the Treasury Bureau and the HKMA announced they intended to embrace digital assets, and began work on a regulatory framework based on the idea of “same activity, same risks, same regulation”.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> By late 2023 a supervision framework that includes enhanced identity verification was finalized.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> The new Virtual Asset Trading Platform regulations came into force mid-2024.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 7 March 2014, the Japanese government, in response to a series of questions asked in the <a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">National Diet</a>, made a cabinet decision on the legal treatment of bitcoins in the form of answers to the questions.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The decision did not see bitcoin as currency nor bond under the current Banking Act and Financial Instruments and Exchange Law, prohibiting banks and securities companies from dealing in bitcoins. The decision also acknowledges that there are no laws to unconditionally prohibit individuals or legal entities from receiving bitcoins in exchange for goods or services. Taxes may be applicable to bitcoins. As of April 2017, cryptocurrency exchange businesses operating in Japan have been regulated by the Payment Services Act. Cryptocurrency exchange businesses have to be registered, keep records, take security measures, and take measures to protect customers. The law on cryptocurrency transactions must comply with the anti-money laundering law; and measures to protect users investors. The Payment Services Act defines "cryptocurrency" as a property value. The Act also states that cryptocurrency is limited to property values that are stored electronically on electronic devices, not a legal tender.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Minors and all foreigners are prohibited from trading cryptocurrencies. Adult South Koreans may trade on registered exchanges using real name accounts at a bank where the exchange also has an account. Both the bank and the exchange are responsible for verifying the customer's identity and enforcing other anti-money-laundering provisions.<a href="#cite_note-LOCJune2018-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> Financial institutions are not allowed to facilitate bitcoin transactions.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> Regulators have warned the public that bitcoin does not have legal protection, "as the currency is not issued by any monetary authority and is therefore not entitled to legal claims or guarantee of conversion".<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Financial institutions have been warned by regulators that necessary regulatory actions may be taken if they use bitcoin.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Taiwan  On 31 December 2013, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Supervisory_Commission_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Supervisory Commission (Republic of China)">Financial Supervisory Commission (Republic of China)</a> (FSC) and CBC issued a joint statement which warns against the use of bitcoin. It is stated that bitcoin remains highly volatile, highly speculative, and is not entitled to legal claims or guarantee of conversion.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> On 5 January 2014, FSC chairman <a href="/wiki/Tseng_Ming-chung" title="Tseng Ming-chung">Tseng Ming-chung</a> stated that FSC will not allow the installation of bitcoin ATM in Taiwan because bitcoin is not a currency and it should not be accepted by individuals and banks as payment.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southeast_Asia">Southeast Asia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), has "asked banks in Cambodia not to allow people to conduct transactions with cryptocurrencies."<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to trade and hold / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal as payment tool <hr /> On 7 December 2017, <a href="/wiki/Bank_Indonesia" title="Bank Indonesia">Bank Indonesia</a>, the country's central bank, issued a regulation banning the use of cryptocurrencies including bitcoin as payment tools starting 1 January 2018.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a> On 11 November 2021, <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Ulema_Council" title="Indonesian Ulema Council">Indonesian Ulema Council</a> issued <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">haram</a> <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">fatwa</a> against use of cryptocurrencies as currency including Bitcoin, citing both Islamic laws and Indonesian banking and monetary regulations. The fatwa also forbids cryptocurrency trading and holding, except if those cryptocurrencies met the Islamic sil'ah standards of trade-able and own-able goods such as having physical form, having clear value, having known number, can be really owned, transferable, and not entirely speculative.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> By passing of the <a href="/wiki/Law_on_Financial_Sector_Development_and_Strengthening" title="Law on Financial Sector Development and Strengthening">Law on Financial Sector Development and Strengthening</a> on 15 December 2022, all cryptocurrencies including the Bitcoin listed as "monitored financial technologies" that all related affairs related to the innovation, utilization, and other activities related to it will become the subject of Bank Indonesia and <a href="/wiki/Financial_Services_Authority_(Indonesia)" title="Financial Services Authority (Indonesia)">Financial Services Authority</a> control and monitoring.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 4 November 2013, <a href="/wiki/Bank_Negara_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank Negara Malaysia">Bank Negara Malaysia</a> (BNM) met with local bitcoin proponents to learn more about the currency but did not comment at the time.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> BNM issued a statement on 6 January 2014 that bitcoin is not recognised as a legal tender in <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>. The central bank will not regulate bitcoin operations at the moment and users should aware of the risks associated with bitcoin usage.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Malaysia  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 6 March 2014, <a href="/wiki/Bangko_Sentral_ng_Pilipinas" title="Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas">Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas</a> (BSP) issued a statement on risks associated with bitcoin trading and usage. Recently virtual currencies were legalized and cryptocurrency exchanges are now regulated by Central Bank of the Philippines (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) under Circular 944; however bitcoin and other "virtual currencies" are not recognized by the BSP as currency as "it is neither issued or guaranteed by a central bank nor backed by any commodity."<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In December 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Monetary_Authority_of_Singapore" title="Monetary Authority of Singapore">Monetary Authority of Singapore</a> reportedly stated that "[w]hether or not businesses accept bitcoins in exchange for their goods and services is a commercial decision in which MAS does not intervene."<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Singapore  On 22 September 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Monetary_Authority_of_Singapore" title="Monetary Authority of Singapore">Monetary Authority of Singapore</a> (MAS) warned users of the risks associated with using bitcoin stating "If bitcoin ceases to operate, there may not be an identifiable party responsible for refunding their monies or for them to seek recourse"<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> and in December 2013 stated "Whether or not businesses accept bitcoins in exchange for their goods and services is a commercial decision in which MAS does not intervene"<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> In January 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue_Authority_of_Singapore" title="Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore">Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore</a> issued a series of tax guidelines according to which bitcoin transactions may be treated as a barter exchange if it is used as a payment method for real goods and services. Businesses that deal with bitcoin currency exchanges will be taxed based on their bitcoin sales.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> In April 2019, the MAS referred to bitcoin as a digital payment token for purposes of the <a href="/wiki/Payment_Services_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Payment Services Act">Payment Services Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to trade and hold / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal as payment tool <hr /> Thai based bitcoin exchanges can only exchange Digital Currencies for Thai Baht and are required to operate with a Thailand Business Development Department e-commerce license. They are also required to have KYC and CDD policies and procedures in place, in accordance with the Ministerial Regulation Prescribing Rules and Procedures for Customer Due Diligence, Reference Page 8 Volume 129 Part 44 A Government Gazette 23 May 2555 (2012).<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Suspicious activity must be reported to the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Money_Laundering_Office_(Thailand)" title="Anti-Money Laundering Office (Thailand)">Anti-Money Laundering Office</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> As of 1 April 2022, the Thai government no longer allows cryptocurrencies to be used as payment for goods or services. The regulation doesn't prohibit owning or trading cryptocurrencies, although commercial banks have been cautioned against direct involvement in digital assets.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to trade and hold / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal as payment tool <hr /> The State Bank of Vietnam has declared that the issuance, supply and use of bitcoin and other similar virtual currency is illegal as a mean of payment and subject to punishment ranging from 150 million to 200 million VND,<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> but the government does not ban bitcoin trading as a virtual goods or assets.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to trade and hold <hr />Bitcoin and cryptocurrency is not legal tender in Brunei Darussalam and are not regulated by AMBD (Brunei Monetary Authority). It is not protected under the laws administered by AMBD.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> AMBD however, advised the public not to be easily enticed by any investment or financial activity advertisements, and to conduct due diligence and understand the financial products properly before participating. There is no law that stated that holding or trading bitcoin is illegal.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Europe">Central Europe</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Not considered to be an official form of currency, earnings are subject to tax law. The Financial Market Authority (FMA) has warned investors that cryptocurrencies are risky and that the FMA does not supervise or regulate virtual currencies, including bitcoin, or cryptocurrency trading platforms.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 30–31  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Croatia's Financial Stability Council warned investors about the risks of virtual currencies, such as digital wallet theft and fraud, on 18 December 2017. The National Bank of Croatia issued a similar warning on 22 September 2017.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 33  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Businesses and individuals who buy, sell, store, manage, or mediate the purchase or sale of virtual currencies or provide similar services must comply with the anti-money laundering law.<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 33–34  Bitcoin is classified as an intangible asset (not as electronic money) for the purpose of accounting and taxes.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 19 August 2013, the <a href="/wiki/German_Finance_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="German Finance Ministry">German Finance Ministry</a> announced that bitcoin is now essentially a "unit of account" and can be used for the purpose of tax and trading in the country, meaning that purchases made with it must pay VAT as with euro transactions. It is not classified as a foreign currency or e–money but stands as "private money" which can be used in "multilateral clearing circles", according to the ministry.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bundesbank" title="Deutsche Bundesbank">Bundesbank</a> says that bitcoin is not a virtual currency or digital money. It recommends using the term "crypto token."<a href="#cite_note-RCAWJune2018LOC-14">[14]</a>: 41  In November 2019, a legislation passed by German parliament allows the banks to sell and store cryptocurrencies starting from 1 January 2020.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The Hungarian Central Bank, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB) has issued several warnings over cryptocurrencies, stating that it is "much riskier" than other electronic payments such as credit cards.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Back in 2018, Gibraltar became the first country in the world to provide a tailored regulatory framework for businesses that use distributed ledger technology.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> The travel rule was implemented through the Proceeds of Crime Act 2015 (Transfer of Virtual Assets) Regulations 2021 and has been in force since March 22, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The use of bitcoin in Poland is not regulated by a legal act at present.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Poland  Szymon Woźniak of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Poland)" title="Ministry of Finance (Poland)">Ministry of Finance</a> made an official announcement on the legality of bitcoin on 18 December 2013 at a conference at the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_School_of_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw School of Economics">Warsaw School of Economics</a> stating that the Ministry of Finance does not consider bitcoin illegal and does not want to hinder its development.<a href="#cite_note-pil_biznesu-145">[145]</a> He clarified that while not illegal, bitcoin cannot be considered <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a>, and, in the light of the directives of the European Union, it is neither <a href="/wiki/Electronic_money" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic money">electronic money</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pil_biznesu-145">[145]</a> As of 27 January 2015, several banks have closed accounts of clients trading bitcoin, and indicated "presumption of criminal offense" as the cause, with "criminal offense" presumably being "cryptocurrency trade".<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> As of 7 July 2017, the National Bank of Poland (<a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Poland" title="National Bank of Poland">NBP</a>) and Financial Supervision Authority (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Supervision_Authority_(Poland)" title="Financial Supervision Authority (Poland)">KNF</a>) issued a comment on virtual "currencies".<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> They underlined that virtual currencies (including bitcoin): (1) are not issued or guaranteed by the central bank, (2) are not money, i.e. they are neither legal tender nor currency, (3) can not be used to pay tax liabilities, (4) do not meet the criterion of universal acceptability in shopping and service points, (5) are not electronic money, (6) are not payment services (in legal terms), (7) are not financial instruments (in legal terms). They added that trading virtual currencies in Poland does not violate national or EU law, however, having virtual "currencies", involves many risks: (1) risk related to the possibility of loss of funds due to theft, (2) risk related to lack of guarantee, (3) risk of lack of universal acceptability, (4) risk related to the possibility of fraud, (5) risk of high price change. Because of these risks, the NBP and KNF warn against buying virtual currencies and investing in them. The NBP and KNF recognize that the purchase, possession and sale of virtual currencies by entities supervised by the KNF (e.g. banks) would be burdened with high risk and would not ensure a stable and prudent management of the financial institution. Financial institutions should be cautious about engaging and cooperating with virtual currency "trading" entities. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The use of bitcoin is regulated by Law 210/2019.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> As of March 2015, an official statement of the Romanian National Bank mentioned that "using digital currencies as payment has certain risks for the financial system".<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> In January 2019, Law nr. 30/2019 clarifies that starting in 2019, income from trading "virtual currency" is classified under "income from other sources". In addition, there is a new subpoint, Article 116. (2) c), specifying that the income tax of 10% is only applied on the "positive difference between the selling price and acquisition price" (and not to the entire received amount from a sale). In addition, profits under 200 RON per transaction that total under 600 RON during a fiscal year are exempt from tax.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The National Bank of Slovakia (NBS), stated<a href="#cite_note-NBS2015-151">[151]</a> that bitcoin does not have the legal attributes of a currency, and therefore it cannot be considered a currency.<a href="#cite_note-152">[note 1]</a> European legislation, including the Slovak law, does not define the activities associated with virtual currency. Such activities are not regulated and supervised by the National Bank of Slovakia or the European Central Bank. At the same time NBS points out that any legal person or natural person in the Slovak Republic shall not issue any notes or any other coins. Unlawful manufacturing of banknotes and coins and putting them into circulation is punishable by law. In this context, NBS points out that virtual currencies have not a physical counterpart in the form of legal tender and participation in such a scheme (virtual currency) is at your own risk. Exchanges or purchases of virtual currencies represent the business risk of investors and investors' money are not protected. For any compensation of losses caused by such exchanges or purchases there is no legal entitlement. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 23 December 2013 the Slovenian Ministry of Finance made an announcement<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> stating that bitcoin is neither a currency nor an asset. There is no capital gains tax chargeable on bitcoin, however bitcoin mining is taxed and businesses selling goods/services in bitcoin are also taxed. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Bitcoin businesses in Switzerland are subject to anti-money laundering regulations and in some instances may need to obtain a banking license.<a href="#cite_note-swiss-154">[153]</a> On 5 December 2013, a proposal was put forth by 45 members of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Parliament">Swiss Parliament</a> for digital sustainability (Pardigli), that calls on the Swiss government to evaluate the opportunities for utilization of bitcoin by the country's financial sector.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> It also seeks clarification on bitcoin's legal standing with respect to <a href="/wiki/Value_added_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value added tax">VAT</a>, securities and <a href="/wiki/Anti-money_laundering" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-money laundering">anti-money laundering</a> laws.<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> In response to the parliament postulates, the Swiss <a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Federal Council</a> issued a report on virtual currencies in June 2014.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> The report states that since virtual currencies are not in a legal vacuum, the Federal Council has concluded that there is no need for legislative measures to be taken at the moment. In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Zug,_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Zug, Switzerland">Zug</a> added bitcoin as a means of paying city fees, in a test and an attempt to advance Zug as a region that is advancing future technologies.<a href="#cite_note-dwf20160701-158">[157]</a> <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Federal_Railways" title="Swiss Federal Railways">Swiss Federal Railways</a>, government-owned railway company of Switzerland, sells bitcoins at its ticket machines.<a href="#cite_note-sbb.ch-159">[158]</a> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/FINMA" class="mw-redirect" title="FINMA">FINMA</a> stated that it would take a "balanced approach" towards the cryptocurrency industry and allow "legitimate innovators to navigate the regulatory landscape". By June 2021, a record number of 100 Exchange Traded Products (ETP) and crypto structured products were offered on the <a href="/wiki/SIX_Swiss_Exchange" title="SIX Swiss Exchange">SIX Swiss Exchange</a> with a total trading value of CHF 4.6 billion.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eastern_Europe">Eastern Europe</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> On 21 May 2020, Albania passed a new law to regulate cryptocurrency activities.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The Decree On the Development of Digital Economy — the decree of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Alexander Lukashenko</a>, the President of the Republic of <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, which includes measures to liberalize the conditions for conducting business in the sphere of high technologies. The provisions of the decree "On the Development of Digital Economy" create of a legal basis for the circulation of <a href="/wiki/Digital_currencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital currencies">digital currencies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Token_coin" title="Token coin">tokens</a> based on blockchain technology, so that resident companies of the <a href="/wiki/Belarus_High_Technologies_Park" title="Belarus High Technologies Park">High-Tech Park</a> can provide the services of stock markets and exchange offices with cryptocurrencies and attract financing through the <a href="/wiki/Initial_coin_offering" title="Initial coin offering">ICO</a>. For legal entities, the Decree confers the rights to create and place their own tokens, carry out transactions through stock markets and exchange operators; to individuals the Decree gives the right to engage in <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitcoin network">mining</a>, to own tokens, to acquire and change them for <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_rubel" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian rubel">Belarusian rubels</a>, foreign currency and electronic money, and to bequeath them. Up to 1 Jan In 2023, the Decree excludes revenue and profits from operations with tokens from the taxable base. In relation to individuals, the acquisition and sale of tokens is not considered entrepreneurial activity, and the tokens themselves and income from transactions with them are not subject to declaration. The peculiarity of the introduced regulation is that all operations will have to be carried out through the resident companies of the High-Tech Park. In addition, the decree includes: <ul><li>Extension of the validity period of the special legal regime of the High-Tech Park until 1 January 2049, and expansion of the list of activities of resident companies. Under the new rules, developers of <a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">blockchain</a>-based solutions, developers of <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a> systems based on <a href="/wiki/Artificial_neural_networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, companies from the medical and biotechnological industries, developers of unmanned vehicles, as well as software developers and publishers can become residents. The list of promising areas is unlimited and can be expanded by the decision of the High-Tech Park supervisory board.</li> <li>Preservation of existing benefits for resident companies in the High-Tech Park, including the cancellation of the profit tax (instead of which a contribution of 1% of the gross revenues proceeding to the administration of the park is applied), reduced to 9% of the personal income tax rate for employees, and the right to contribute to the Social Protection Fund according to the national average figures, and not the actual salaries.</li> <li>Exemption of foreign companies providing marketing, advertising, consulting and other services to the residents of the High-Tech Park from paying <a href="/wiki/Value-added_tax" title="Value-added tax">value-added tax</a>, as well as paying income tax, which allows to promote IT products of Belarusian companies in foreign markets. To encourage investments, the Decree also exempts foreign companies from the tax on income from the alienation of shares, stakes in the authorized capital and shares in the property of residents of the High-Tech Park (under condition of continuous possession of at least 365 days).</li> <li>Introduction of individual <a href="/wiki/English_law" title="English law">English law</a> institutions for residents of the High-Tech Park, which will make it possible to conclude <a href="/wiki/Option_(finance)" title="Option (finance)">option contracts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Convertible_bond" title="Convertible bond">convertible loan</a> agreements, non-competition agreements with employees, agreements with responsibility for enticing employees, irrevocable powers of attorney and other documents common in international practice. This measure is aimed at simplifying the structuring of transactions with foreign capital.</li> <li>Simplification of the regime of currency transactions for residents of the High-Tech Park, including the introduction of a notification procedure for currency transactions, the cancellation of the mandatory written form of foreign trade transactions, the introduction of confirmation of the conducted operations by primary documents drawn up unilaterally. Also, the decree removes restrictions on resident companies for transactions with <a href="/wiki/Digital_currency" title="Digital currency">electronic money</a> and allows opening accounts in foreign banks and credit and financial organizations without obtaining permission from the <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="National Bank of the Republic of Belarus">National Bank of the Republic of Belarus</a>.</li> <li>Simplification of the procedure for recruiting qualified foreign specialists by resident companies of the High-Tech Park, including the abolition of the recruitment permit, the simplified procedure for obtaining a work permit, and the visa-free regime for the founders and employees of resident companies with a term of continuous stay of up to 180 days.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Based on the public decision issued by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_of_Georgia" title="Ministry of Finance of Georgia">Ministry of Finance of Georgia</a> in 2019,<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> crypto, by its very nature, is not "sourced" in any specific geographical location, meaning that it is not considered "Georgian sourced". This type of income would come under the 0% tax on capital gains derived from crypto trading laws.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Ban on mining<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> <hr /> In January 2022, coinciding with an energy crisis, Kosovo outlawed all cryptocurrency mining. According to BBC News, cryptocurrency mining "is particularly popular in northern areas of Kosovo, where ethnic Serbs do not recognise the state's independence and refuse to pay electricity bills".<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal to mine <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Banking ban <hr /> As of 2014, from the point of view of the current Russian legislation, cryptocurrency is a monetary substitute. According to article 27 of the Federal Law "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)", the issue of monetary surrogates in the Russian Federation is prohibited.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> As of November 2016, bitcoins were "not illegal" according to the Federal Tax Service of Russia.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> Deputy Finance Minister of the Russian Federation Alexei Moiseev said in September 2017 it's "probably illegal" to accept cryptocurrency payments.<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> However, bitcoin market sites are blocked, and court decisions state that bitcoin is a currency surrogate which is outlawed in the territory of the Russian Federation.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> In 2017, the Central Bank of Russia and Rosfinmonitoring in their informational appeals have repeatedly warned Russian citizens that all operations with cryptocurrency are speculative and carry a high risk of loss of value. The Central Bank of Russia states that: "Most operations with cryptocurrencies are performed outside the legal regulation of both the Russian Federation and most other states. Cryptocurrencies are not guaranteed or provided by the Bank of Russia."<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> As of 2021, Putin said Russia accepts the role of cryptocurrencies, and that cryptocurrencies can be used for payment.<a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> In January 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Russia" title="Central Bank of Russia">Central Bank of Russia</a> proposed to ban "all cryptocurrency issuance and operations, stop banks from investing in cryptocurrencies, block exchanging crypto for traditional currency, and introduce legal liability for using crypto in purchases" citing systemic financial risk.<a href="#cite_note-pyramid-171">[170]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meduza" title="Meduza">Meduza</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">Federal Security Service</a> convinced the Central Bank to ban cryptocurrencies in Russia, as they are used to finance <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_Vladimir_Putin_in_Russia" title="Opposition to Vladimir Putin in Russia">the opposition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Russia#Political_pressure_on_independent_media" title="Media freedom in Russia">independent media</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> In February 2022, the Russian government eventually announced it would support, legalize, and regulate cryptocurrencies, and not ban them.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a> In July 2024, Russia regulated mining and allowed businesses to use cryptocurrencies in international trade while keeping the existing ban on domestic cryptocurrency payments.<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal / <a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a> Illegal to buy with local currency <hr /> On 16 March 2022, the president of Ukraine signed the Virtual Asset Bill into law.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> On 22 April, the Central Bank banned purchasing cryptocurrencies with local currency and made the monthly limit of $3300 for purchases with foreign currencies.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Northern_Europe">Northern Europe</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Denmark's <a href="/wiki/Financial_Supervisory_Authority_(Denmark)" title="Financial Supervisory Authority (Denmark)">Financial Supervisory Authority</a> issued a statement declaring that bitcoin is not a currency and stating that it will not regulate its use.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Denmark  On 17 December 2013, Denmark's Financial Supervisory Authority (FSA) has issued a statement that echoes <a href="/wiki/European_Banking_Authority" title="European Banking Authority">EBA</a>'s warning. As of 2017<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit">[update]</a>, FSA says that doing business with bitcoin does not fall under its regulatory authority and therefore FSA does not prevent anyone from opening such businesses.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> FSA's chief legal adviser says that Denmark might consider amending existing financial legislation to cover virtual currencies.<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In Estonia, the use of bitcoins is not regulated or otherwise controlled by the government.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Estonia  The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Estonia)" title="Ministry of Finance (Estonia)">Estonian Ministry of Finance</a> have concluded that there is no legal obstacles to use bitcoin-like crypto currencies as payment method. Traders must therefore identify the buyer when establishing a business relationship or if the buyer acquires more than 1,000 euros of the currency in a month.<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Finland" title="Taxation in Finland">Finnish Tax Administration</a> has issued instructions for the taxation of virtual currencies, including the bitcoin.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Finland <a href="#cite_note-veroohje-182">[181]</a> Rather than a currency or a security, a bitcoin transaction is considered a private contract equivalent to a <a href="/wiki/Contract_for_difference" title="Contract for difference">contract for difference</a> for tax purposes. Purchases of goods with bitcoin or conversion of bitcoin into legal currency "realizes" the value and any increase in price will be taxable; however, losses are not tax-deductible. Mined bitcoin is considered earned income.<a href="#cite_note-veroohje-182">[181]</a> Ruling 034/2014 by the Finnish Central Board of Taxes (CBT) stated that commission fees charged on bitcoin purchases by an exchange market were, under the EU VAT Directive, banking services and therefore VAT exempt. This is because the court classified bitcoins as payment instruments - whereas most countries treat their use as an unregulated method for the exchange of goods, or even as a crime.<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> According to a 2014 opinion, from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Iceland" title="Central Bank of Iceland">Central Bank of Iceland</a> "there is no authorization to purchase foreign currency from financial institutions in Iceland or to transfer foreign currency across borders on the basis of transactions with virtual currency. For this reason alone, transactions with virtual currency are subject to restrictions in Iceland."<a href="#cite_note-icy-185">[184]</a> This does not stop<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> businesses in Iceland from mining bitcoins.<a href="#cite_note-NYT1214-187">[186]</a> The Icelandic Central Bank confirmed that "it is prohibited to engage in foreign exchange trading with the electronic currency bitcoin, according to the Icelandic Foreign Exchange Act".<a href="#cite_note-mbl.is-188">[187]</a> On 12 March 2017, the Central Bank amended its rules. With the new rules, wide and general exemptions have been granted from the restrictions of the Foreign Exchange Act No. 87/1992.<a href="#cite_note-CB-189">[188]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Lithuania" title="Bank of Lithuania">Bank of Lithuania</a> released a warning on 31 January 2014, that bitcoin is not recognized as legal tender in <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> and that bitcoin users should be aware of the high risks that come with the usage of it.<a href="#cite_note-BL2014-190">[189]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Tax_Administration" title="Norwegian Tax Administration">Norwegian Tax Administration</a> stated in December 2013 that they do not define bitcoin as money but regard it as an <a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">asset</a>. Profits are subjected to wealth tax. In business, use of bitcoin falls under the <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> regulation.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> The Norwegian government stated in February 2017 that they would not levy VAT on the purchase or sale of bitcoin.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Tax_Agency" title="Swedish Tax Agency">Swedish Tax Agency</a> has given a preliminary ruling on Value Added Tax (VAT) on bitcoins, stating that trade in bitcoins is not subject to Swedish VAT, but is instead subject to the Finansinspektionen (Financial Supervisory Authority) regulations and treated as a currency. The decision has been appealed by the Swedish Tax Authority.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Sweden  The Swedish jurisdiction is in general quite favorable for bitcoin businesses and users as compared to other countries within the EU and the rest of the world. The governmental regulatory and supervisory body <a href="/wiki/Financial_Supervisory_Authority_(Sweden)" title="Financial Supervisory Authority (Sweden)">Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority</a> (Finansinspektionen) have legitimized the fast growing industry by publicly proclaiming bitcoin and other digital currencies as a means of payment. For certain businesses interacting with <a href="/wiki/Fiat_money" title="Fiat money">fiat</a> (mainly exchanges) the current regulation dictates that an application for approval/license must be filed and all the AML/CTF and KYC regulations applicable to more traditional financial service providers must be followed. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southern_Europe">Southern Europe</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> No regulation on the use of bitcoins. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> There is not a single word in Bulgarian laws about bitcoin. People owe 10% tax if they made a profit trading. </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The use of bitcoin is not regulated in Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Cyprus  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> No specific legislation on bitcoins exists in Greece.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Greece  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Italy does not regulate bitcoin use by private individuals.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Italy  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> As of 2017<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit">[update]</a>, Malta does not have any regulations specifically pertaining to bitcoins.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Malta  In 2017, the country's prime minister <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Muscat" title="Joseph Muscat">Joseph Muscat</a> announced the approval of a national strategy to promote bitcoin and blockchain technology. Muscat specifically addressed the bitcoin blockchain's ability to handle, store and process sensitive data in an immutable and decentralized ecosystem.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal No specific legislation on bitcoins or cryptocurrency exists in North Macedonia. In 2016, the <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_North_Macedonia" title="National Bank of North Macedonia">National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia</a> published a press release regarding an investigation it made into ONECOIN, and discouraged the citizens from investing in it since it was most likely a scam. In the same press release, the NBRM quoted the law on Foreign Exchange Operations, but since cryptocurrencies do not constitute a foreign currency as they are quoted by the law, it leaves them unregulated.<a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Portugal">Bank of Portugal</a> stated that Bitcoin was not a safe currency, as their issuance lacked oversight or prudential requirements. As of 2014, Portugal had no specific legal framework for Bitcoin. <a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Portugal  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Transactions in bitcoins are subject to the same laws as barter transactions.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Spain  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Europe">Western Europe</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In July 2013, the Minister of Finance expressed concerns over the use of Bitcoin for money laundering, but indicated that government intervention did not yet appear necessary.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Belgium  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The French Ministry of Finance issued regulations on 11 July 2014 pertaining to the operation of virtual currency professionals, exchanges, and taxation.<a href="#cite_note-France-195">[194]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td>Not regulated by central bank <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Ireland" title="Central Bank of Ireland">Central Bank of Ireland</a> was quoted in <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> in December 2013 as stating that it does not regulate bitcoin, and that bitcoin is not legal tender in the European Union.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Ireland  </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The <a href="/wiki/Commission_de_Surveillance_du_Secteur_Financier" title="Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier">Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier</a> has issued a communication in February 2014 acknowledging the status of currency to the bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.<a href="#cite_note-CSSF-VC-196">[195]</a> The first BitLicence was issued in October 2015.<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> As of 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit">[update]</a>, "alternative virtual currencies" such as bitcoin are not classified as money and do not fall within the scope of the Act on Financial Supervision of the Netherlands.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: Netherlands  When dealing with cryptocurrencies one must declare them and pay taxes to the <a href="/wiki/Tax_and_Customs_Administration" title="Tax and Customs Administration">Dutch Tax and Customs Administration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> As of 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cryptocurrency_by_country_or_territory&action=edit">[update]</a>, the government of the United Kingdom has stated that bitcoin is unregulated and that it is treated as a 'foreign currency' for most purposes, including VAT/GST.<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: United Kingdom  Bitcoin is treated as 'private money'. When bitcoin is exchanged for sterling or for foreign currencies, such as euro or dollar, no VAT will be due on the value of the bitcoins themselves. However, in all instances, VAT will be due in the normal way from suppliers of any goods or services sold in exchange for bitcoin or other similar cryptocurrency. Profits and losses on cryptocurrencies are subject to <a href="/wiki/Capital_gains_tax#United_Kingdom" title="Capital gains tax">capital gains tax</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> In March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Conduct_Authority" title="Financial Conduct Authority">Financial Conduct Authority</a> (FCA) declared that all <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_ATM" title="Bitcoin ATM">cryptocurrency ATMs</a> in the country were illegal, as none of the ATM's operators had successfully registered with the agency. The FCA cited a failure to comply with <a href="/wiki/Know_your_customer" title="Know your customer">know your customer</a> laws, as well as the high risk to customers, due to a lack of regulation and protection.<a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australasia">Australasia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> In December 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Reserve_Bank_of_Australia#Governors_and_their_roles" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia">governor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia" title="Reserve Bank of Australia">Reserve Bank of Australia</a> (RBA) indicated in an interview about bitcoin legality stating, "There would be nothing to stop people in this country deciding to transact in some other currency in a shop if they wanted to. There's no law against that, so we do have competing currencies."<a href="#cite_note-rbabtc-202">[201]</a> Beginning in April 2018, Australian digital currency exchanges must register with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Centre" title="Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre">Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre</a> and implement "<a href="/wiki/Know_your_customer" title="Know your customer">know your customer</a>" policies to comply with new anti-money laundering legislation.<a href="#cite_note-203">[202]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The Reserve Bank of New Zealand states: "Non-banks do not need our approval for schemes that involve the storage and/or transfer of value (such as 'bitcoin') – so long as they do not involve the issuance of physical circulating currency (notes and coins)."<a href="#cite_note-regulation-3">[3]</a>: New Zealand  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Melanesia">Melanesia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Prime Minister of Fiji">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Sitiveni_Rabuka" title="Sitiveni Rabuka">Sitiveni Rabuka</a> is a proponent of cryptocurrencies and has even planned to make bitcoin legal tender as soon as 2023.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The government officially supports the use of blockchain technologies, including cryptocurrencies.<a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Legalised in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-205">[204]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Micronesia">Micronesia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Decentralised_autonomous_organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralised autonomous organisation">Decentralised autonomous organisations</a> (DAOs), which are blockchain-based, are considered legal entities in the Marshall Islands.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The use of cryptocurrencies is officially supported by the government.<a href="#cite_note-206">[205]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Polynesia">Polynesia</h4></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:120px;">Country or territory</th> <th>Legality </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> The use of cryptocurrencies in Samoa is legal but discouraged by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Samoa" title="Central Bank of Samoa">Central Bank of Samoa</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> Legal <hr /> Tonga plans to make bitcoin legal tender by the end of 2023. This has been planned since late 2021.<a href="#cite_note-207">[206]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_algorithms" title="Regulation of algorithms">Regulation of algorithms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork_(blockchain)#Taxation" title="Fork (blockchain)">Taxation of cryptocurrency splits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Law" title="Bitcoin Law">Bitcoin Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-bitcoin_law_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-bitcoin law protests">Anti-bitcoin law protests</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> Translated from: "...bitcoin nespĺňa atribúty meny v právnom zmysle (jeho platnosť na určitom území nie je mocensky ustanovená, právny poriadok neupravuje jej obeh ani ochranu), zastávame názor, že ho nie je možné označovať za menu." </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3042248">Assessing the Differences in Bitcoin & Other Cryptocurrency Legality Across National Jurisdictions</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180603000413/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3042248">Archived</a> 3 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Information Systems & Economics eJournal. 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The Law Library of Congress, Global Legal Research Center. November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220130224349/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/llglrd/2021687419/2021687419.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+Cryptocurrency+Around+the+World&rft.date=2021-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftile.loc.gov%2Fstorage-services%2Fservice%2Fll%2Fllglrd%2F2021687419%2F2021687419.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanada2017" class="citation web cs1">Canada, Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of (28 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/msb-esm/intro-eng.asp">"Money services businesses (MSBs)"</a>. Fintrac-canafe.gc.ca. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190626102105/http://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/msb-esm/intro-eng.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fintrac-canafe.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Money+services+businesses+%28MSBs%29&rft.date=2017-03-28&rft.aulast=Canada&rft.aufirst=Financial+Transactions+and+Reports+Analysis+Centre+of&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca%2Fmsb-esm%2Fintro-eng.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFfinanciers" class="citation web cs1">financiers, L'Autorité des marchés. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181209110037/https://lautorite.qc.ca/en/general-public/media-centre/news/fiche-dactualites/virtual-currency-atms-and-trading-platforms-must-be-authorized/">"Virtual currency ATMs and trading platforms must be authorized"</a>. Autorité des marchés financiers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lautorite.qc.ca/en/general-public/media-centre/news/fiche-dactualites/virtual-currency-atms-and-trading-platforms-must-be-authorized/">the original</a> on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Autorit%C3%A9+des+march%C3%A9s+financiers&rft.atitle=Virtual+currency+ATMs+and+trading+platforms+must+be+authorized&rft.aulast=financiers&rft.aufirst=L%27Autorit%C3%A9+des+march%C3%A9s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flautorite.qc.ca%2Fen%2Fgeneral-public%2Fmedia-centre%2Fnews%2Ffiche-dactualites%2Fvirtual-currency-atms-and-trading-platforms-must-be-authorized%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReiff" class="citation web cs1">Reiff, Nathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.investopedia.com/news/canada-banks-ban-users-buying-cryptocurrency/">"Canada Banks Ban Users From Buying Cryptocurrency"</a>. Investopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018175710/https://www.investopedia.com/news/canada-banks-ban-users-buying-cryptocurrency/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Investopedia&rft.atitle=Canada+Banks+Ban+Users+From+Buying+Cryptocurrency&rft.aulast=Reiff&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Fnews%2Fcanada-banks-ban-users-buying-cryptocurrency%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/td-banks-bitcoin-1.4549697">"TD Bank stops allowing use of credit cards to buy cryptocurrencies"</a>. Cbc.ca. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018175710/https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/td-banks-bitcoin-1.4549697">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cbc.ca&rft.atitle=TD+Bank+stops+allowing+use+of+credit+cards+to+buy+cryptocurrencies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Ftd-banks-bitcoin-1.4549697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JSC-35"><a href="#cite_ref-JSC_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fincen.gov/news/testimony/statement-jennifer-shasky-calvery-director-financial-crimes-enforcement-network">"Statement of Jennifer Shasky Calvery, Director Financial Crimes Enforcement Network United States Department of the Treasury Before the United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on National Security and International Trade and Finance Subcommittee on Economic Policy"</a>. fincen.gov. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. 19 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709175503/https://www.fincen.gov/news/testimony/statement-jennifer-shasky-calvery-director-financial-crimes-enforcement-network">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fincen.gov&rft.atitle=Statement+of+Jennifer+Shasky+Calvery%2C+Director+Financial+Crimes+Enforcement+Network+United+States+Department+of+the+Treasury+Before+the+United+States+Senate+Committee+on+Banking%2C+Housing%2C+and+Urban+Affairs+Subcommittee+on+National+Security+and+International+Trade+and+Finance+Subcommittee+on+Economic+Policy&rft.date=2013-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fincen.gov%2Fnews%2Ftestimony%2Fstatement-jennifer-shasky-calvery-director-financial-crimes-enforcement-network&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irs.gov/uac/newsroom/irs-virtual-currency-guidance">"IRS Virtual Currency Guidance : Virtual Currency Is Treated as Property for U.S. Federal Tax Purposes; General Rules for Property Transactions Apply"</a>. Irs.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170822150011/https://www.irs.gov/uac/newsroom/irs-virtual-currency-guidance">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irs.gov&rft.atitle=IRS+Virtual+Currency+Guidance+%3A+Virtual+Currency+Is+Treated+as+Property+for+U.S.+Federal+Tax+Purposes%3B+General+Rules+for+Property+Transactions+Apply&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irs.gov%2Fuac%2Fnewsroom%2Firs-virtual-currency-guidance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ussc-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ussc_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ussc_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarquhar2018" class="citation news cs1">Farquhar, Peter (22 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180622030505/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-us-supreme-court-just-spoke-about-a-bitcoin-future-for-the-first-time-2018-6">"The US Supreme Court just spoke about a bitcoin future for the first time"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-us-supreme-court-just-spoke-about-a-bitcoin-future-for-the-first-time-2018-6">the original</a> on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2018. <q>Does a stock option received by an employee (along with, say, a paycheck) count as a 'form'—some form, 'any form'—of 'money remuneration?' The railroads, as the majority notes, believe they can find the answer to this question by engaging in (and winning) a war of 1930's dictionaries. I am less sanguine. True, some of those dictionaries say that 'money' primarily refers to currency or promissory documents used as 'a medium of exchange.' See ante, at 2–3. But even this definition has its ambiguities. A railroad employee cannot use her paycheck as a 'medium of exchange.' She cannot hand it over to a cashier at the grocery store; she must first deposit it. The same is true of stock, which must be converted into cash and deposited in the employee's account before she can enjoy its monetary value. Moreover, what we view as money has changed over time. Cowrie shells once were such a medium but no longer are, see J. Weatherford, The History of Money 24 (1997); our currency originally included gold coins and bullion, but, after 1934, gold could not be used as a medium of exchange, see Gold Reserve Act of 1934, ch. 6, §2, 48 Stat. 337; perhaps one day employees will be paid in Bitcoin or some other type of cryptocurrency,...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+US+Supreme+Court+just+spoke+about+a+bitcoin+future+for+the+first+time&rft.date=2018-06-22&rft.aulast=Farquhar&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com.au%2Fthe-us-supreme-court-just-spoke-about-a-bitcoin-future-for-the-first-time-2018-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fincen20180809-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fincen20180809_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fincen20180809_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fincen.gov/news/speeches/prepared-remarks-fincen-director-kenneth-blanco-delivered-2018-chicago-kent-block">"Prepared Remarks of FinCEN Director Kenneth A. Blanco, delivered at the 2018 Chicago-Kent Block (Legal) Tech Conference"</a>. Fincen.gov. U.S. Department of the Treasury. 9 August 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211015152423/https://www.fincen.gov/news/speeches/prepared-remarks-fincen-director-kenneth-blanco-delivered-2018-chicago-kent-block">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fincen.gov&rft.atitle=Prepared+Remarks+of+FinCEN+Director+Kenneth+A.+Blanco%2C+delivered+at+the+2018+Chicago-Kent+Block+%28Legal%29+Tech+Conference&rft.date=2018-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fincen.gov%2Fnews%2Fspeeches%2Fprepared-remarks-fincen-director-kenneth-blanco-delivered-2018-chicago-kent-block&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-jpmorgan-cyber-bitcoin-idUSKCN11P2DE">"Bitcoin is money, U.S. judge says in case tied to JPMorgan hack"</a>. Reuters. 20 September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180622111506/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-jpmorgan-cyber-bitcoin-idUSKCN11P2DE">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Bitcoin+is+money%2C+U.S.+judge+says+in+case+tied+to+JPMorgan+hack&rft.date=2016-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-jpmorgan-cyber-bitcoin-idUSKCN11P2DE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-elfinanciero20190322-40"><a href="#cite_ref-elfinanciero20190322_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/mercados/regulacion-sobre-bitcoin-avanza-con-ley-fintech.html">"Regulación sobre bitcoin avanza con Ley Fintech"</a>. Elfinanciero.com.mx. 4 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308035231/https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/mercados/regulacion-sobre-bitcoin-avanza-con-ley-fintech.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Elfinanciero.com.mx&rft.atitle=Regulaci%C3%B3n+sobre+bitcoin+avanza+con+Ley+Fintech&rft.date=2017-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elfinanciero.com.mx%2Fmercados%2Fregulacion-sobre-bitcoin-avanza-con-ley-fintech.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bccr.fi.cr/noticias/noticias-del-a%C3%B1o-2017">"Posición del Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR) y sus Órganos de Desconcentración Máxima (ODM) con respecto a las criptomonedas"</a>. Banco Central de Costa Rica. 9 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220525103412/https://www.bccr.fi.cr/noticias/noticias-del-a%C3%B1o-2017">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Posici%C3%B3n+del+Banco+Central+de+Costa+Rica+%28BCCR%29+y+sus+%C3%93rganos+de+Desconcentraci%C3%B3n+M%C3%A1xima+%28ODM%29+con+respecto+a+las+criptomonedas&rft.pub=Banco+Central+de+Costa+Rica&rft.date=2017-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bccr.fi.cr%2Fnoticias%2Fnoticias-del-a%25C3%25B1o-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-btcasamblea-42"><a href="#cite_ref-btcasamblea_42-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asamblea.gob.sv/node/11282">El Salvador, primer país del mundo en reconocer al Bitcoin como moneda de curso legal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211222071910/https://www.asamblea.gob.sv/node/11282">Archived</a> 22 December 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 9 June 2021, official website of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_El_Salvador" title="Legislative Assembly of El Salvador">Legislative Assembly of El Salvador</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-btcelsalvador20210608-43"><a href="#cite_ref-btcelsalvador20210608_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/nacional/oficialismo-aprobar-bitcoin-moneda-legal-el-salvador/846796/2021/">"Diputados oficialistas aprueban el Bitcoin como moneda de curso legal, ¿en qué consiste?"</a>. El Salvador. 8 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018183800/https://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/nacional/oficialismo-aprobar-bitcoin-moneda-legal-el-salvador/846796/2021/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Salvador&rft.atitle=Diputados+oficialistas+aprueban+el+Bitcoin+como+moneda+de+curso+legal%2C+%C2%BFen+qu%C3%A9+consiste%3F&rft.date=2021-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elsalvador.com%2Fnoticias%2Fnacional%2Foficialismo-aprobar-bitcoin-moneda-legal-el-salvador%2F846796%2F2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj20210907-44"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj20210907_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/bitcoin-comes-to-el-salvador-first-country-to-adopt-crypto-as-national-currency-11631005200">"El Salvador Becomes First Country to Adopt Bitcoin as National Currency"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. 7 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907233833/https://www.wsj.com/articles/bitcoin-comes-to-el-salvador-first-country-to-adopt-crypto-as-national-currency-11631005200">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=El+Salvador+Becomes+First+Country+to+Adopt+Bitcoin+as+National+Currency&rft.date=2021-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fbitcoin-comes-to-el-salvador-first-country-to-adopt-crypto-as-national-currency-11631005200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnbc20210907-45"><a href="#cite_ref-cnbc20210907_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/07/el-salvador-buys-400-bitcoin-ahead-of-law-making-it-legal-currency.html">"El Salvador bought $21 million of bitcoin as it becomes first country to make it a legal currency"</a>. CNBC. 7 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018183758/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/07/el-salvador-buys-400-bitcoin-ahead-of-law-making-it-legal-currency.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Salvador+bought+%2421+million+of+bitcoin+as+it+becomes+first+country+to+make+it+a+legal+currency&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.date=2021-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fel-salvador-buys-400-bitcoin-ahead-of-law-making-it-legal-currency.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes20211006-46"><a href="#cite_ref-forbes20211006_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoy2021" class="citation news cs1">Roy, Avik (7 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2021/10/07/in-el-salvador-more-people-have-bitcoin-wallets-than-traditional-bank-accounts/">"In El Salvador, More People Have Bitcoin Wallets Than Traditional Bank Accounts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018102636/https://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2021/10/07/in-el-salvador-more-people-have-bitcoin-wallets-than-traditional-bank-accounts/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 10 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=In+El+Salvador%2C+More+People+Have+Bitcoin+Wallets+Than+Traditional+Bank+Accounts&rft.date=2021-10-07&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Avik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftheapothecary%2F2021%2F10%2F07%2Fin-el-salvador-more-people-have-bitcoin-wallets-than-traditional-bank-accounts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nbc20211007-47"><a href="#cite_ref-nbc20211007_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/bitcoin-use-el-salvador-grows-setbacks-adopting-legal-tender-rcna2743">"Bitcoin use in El Salvador grows amid setbacks since its adoption as legal tender"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. 7 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018183758/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/bitcoin-use-el-salvador-grows-setbacks-adopting-legal-tender-rcna2743">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Bitcoin+use+in+El+Salvador+grows+amid+setbacks+since+its+adoption+as+legal+tender&rft.date=2021-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Flatino%2Fbitcoin-use-el-salvador-grows-setbacks-adopting-legal-tender-rcna2743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jis.gov.jm/boj-building-awareness-cryptocurrency/">"Bank of Jamaica building awareness of cryptocurrencies"</a>. 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Bcb.gov.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180726231905/http://www.bcb.gov.br/pre/normativos/busca/normativo.asp?numero=31379&tipo=Comunicado&data=16/11/2017">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2018. 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Retrieved 4 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=akipress.com&rft.atitle=New+report+on+Legal+Status+of+Blockchain+Commerce+in+the+Kyrgyz+Republic+released&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fakipress.com%2Fnews%3A604488%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbkr.kg/searchout.jsp?item=31&material=50718&lang=ENG">"Warning of the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic on the spread and use of the "virtual currency", in particular, bitcoins (bitcoin)"</a>. nbkr.kg. 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Retrieved 23 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nbkr.kg&rft.atitle=Warning+of+the+National+Bank+of+the+Kyrgyz+Republic+on+the+spread+and+use+of+the+%22virtual+currency%22%2C+in+particular%2C+bitcoins+%28bitcoin%29&rft.date=2014-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbkr.kg%2Fsearchout.jsp%3Fitem%3D31%26material%3D50718%26lang%3DENG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static.norma.uz/official_texts/%D0%9E%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B6%20%D0%B2%20%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%20%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.pdf">"decree "On measures to organize the activities of crypto-exchanges in Uzbekistan", № ПП-3926 from September 2nd 2018"</a> (PDF). Static.nora.uz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915225931/https://static.norma.uz/official_texts/%D0%9E%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B6%20%D0%B2%20%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%20%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Static.nora.uz&rft.atitle=decree+%22On+measures+to+organize+the+activities+of+crypto-exchanges+in+Uzbekistan%22%2C+%E2%84%96+%D0%9F%D0%9F-3926+from+September+2nd+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.norma.uz%2Fofficial_texts%2F%25D0%259E%2520%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%2520%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%2520%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8%2520%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D1%258F%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%2520%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE-%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25B6%2520%25D0%25B2%2520%25D0%25A0%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%2520%25D0%25A3%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarpenter2018" class="citation news cs1">Carpenter, Claudia (12 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-12/dubai-trader-gets-first-middle-east-license-in-cryptocurrencies">"Journalist"</a>. 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Retrieved 13 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Journalist&rft.date=2018-02-12&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2018-02-12%2Fdubai-trader-gets-first-middle-east-license-in-cryptocurrencies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dmcc.ae/news/worlds-first-deep-cold-storage-crypto-commodities-launched-regal-assets-dubai">"World's First Deep Cold Storage for Crypto-Commodities Launched by Regal Assets in Dubai"</a>. 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Retrieved 21 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taxes.gov.il&rft.atitle=Taxation+of+Cryptocurrency&rft.date=2017&rft.au=Israeli+Tax+Authorities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaxes.gov.il%2Fincometax%2Fdocuments%2Fhozrim%2Fhoz_x_2017_tyota.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alarabiya.net/aswaq/economy/2017/07/04/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B0%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86-">"تعرف على خطر عملة "بيتكوين" ولماذا منعتها السعودية"</a>. العربية (in Arabic). 4 July 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230622001841/https://www.alarabiya.net/aswaq/economy/2017/07/04/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B0%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86-">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.atitle=%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89+%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B1+%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9+%22%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%22+%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7+%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.date=2017-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alarabiya.net%2Faswaq%2Feconomy%2F2017%2F07%2F04%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B9%25D9%2588%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B0%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D9%2584-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A5%25D9%2584%25D9%2583%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A8%25D9%258A%25D8%25AA%25D9%2583%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D9%2586-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-disco-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-disco_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-disco_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnutsen,_Elise2014" class="citation web cs1">Knutsen, Elise (24 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Business/Lebanon/2014/Feb-24/248247-despite-warnings-bitcoin-gains-toehold-in-region.ashx">"Despite warnings, Bitcoin gains toehold in region"</a>. dailystar.com.lb. 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Retrieved 17 June 2015. <q>[In February of 2014] the Central Bank of Jordan issued a warning against the currency, becoming the second government in the region to do so after Lebanon.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dailystar.com.lb&rft.atitle=Despite+warnings%2C+Bitcoin+gains+toehold+in+region&rft.date=2014-02-24&rft.au=Knutsen%2C+Elise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailystar.com.lb%2FBusiness%2FLebanon%2F2014%2FFeb-24%2F248247-despite-warnings-bitcoin-gains-toehold-in-region.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jordantimes-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jordantimes_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jordantimes_75-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFObeidat2014" class="citation news cs1">Obeidat, Omar (22 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jordantimes.com/central-bank-warns-against-using-bitcoin">"Central bank warns against using bitcoin"</a>. 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Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416062647/https://www.reuters.com/technology/turkey-bans-use-cryptocurrencies-payments-sends-bitcoin-down-2021-04-16/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021. 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Retrieved 25 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thepeninsulaqatar.com&rft.atitle=Bitcoin+trading+prohibited+in+Qatar%3A+Central+Bank&rft.date=2018-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepeninsulaqatar.com%2Farticle%2F07%2F02%2F2018%2FBitcoin-trading-prohibited-in-Qatar-Central-Bank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-crypto-currencies-iran/iran-central-bank-bans-cryptocurrency-dealings-idUSKBN1HT0YN">"Iran central bank bans cryptocurrency dealings"</a>. 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Retrieved 22 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Iran+central+bank+bans+cryptocurrency+dealings&rft.date=2018-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-crypto-currencies-iran%2Firan-central-bank-bans-cryptocurrency-dealings-idUSKBN1HT0YN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bangla-80"><a href="#cite_ref-bangla_80-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAFP2014" class="citation web cs1">AFP (15 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/currency/11097208/Why-Bangladesh-will-jail-Bitcoin-traders.html">"Why Bangladesh will jail Bitcoin traders"</a>. telegraph.co.uk. 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Retrieved 23 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Why+Bangladesh+will+jail+Bitcoin+traders&rft.date=2014-09-15&rft.au=AFP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fcurrency%2F11097208%2FWhy-Bangladesh-will-jail-Bitcoin-traders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BangladeshCentralBank-81"><a href="#cite_ref-BangladeshCentralBank_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.dhakatribune.com/business/2021/07/27/bangladesh-bank-to-cid-trading-owning-cryptocurrency-not-illegal">"Bangladesh Bank to CID: Trading, owning cryptocurrency not illegal"</a>. dhakatribune.com. <a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Tribune" title="Dhaka Tribune">Dhaka Tribune</a>. 27 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130103913/https://archive.dhakatribune.com/business/2021/07/27/bangladesh-bank-to-cid-trading-owning-cryptocurrency-not-illegal">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dhakatribune.com&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+Bank+to+CID%3A+Trading%2C+owning+cryptocurrency+not+illegal&rft.date=2021-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.dhakatribune.com%2Fbusiness%2F2021%2F07%2F27%2Fbangladesh-bank-to-cid-trading-owning-cryptocurrency-not-illegal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnand" class="citation news cs1">Anand, Nupur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/1195316/budget-2018-busts-bitcoin-arun-jaitley-has-just-killed-indias-cryptocurrency-party/">"Arun Jaitley has just killed India's cryptocurrency party"</a>. 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BBC. 6 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190121165356/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-43669730">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=India+bans+crypto-currency+trades&rft.date=2018-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-india-43669730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190220181628/http://onelawstreet.com/challenge-to-cryptocurrencies/">"Challenge to cryptocurrencies"</a>. 1, Law Street. 17 February 2019. 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Retrieved 6 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=India+might+ban+private+cryptocurrencies+like+bitcoin+and+develop+a+national+digital+coin&rft.date=2021-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F01%2F30%2Fthe-indian-government-may-ban-cryptocurrencies-like-bitcoin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news18.com/news/opinion/rbi-lost-case-on-cryptocurrency-in-supreme-court-it-must-stop-behaving-like-sore-loser-4196594.html">"RBI Lost Case on Cryptocurrency in Supreme Court, It Must Stop Behaving Like Sore Loser"</a>. 18 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124051652/https://www.news18.com/news/opinion/rbi-lost-case-on-cryptocurrency-in-supreme-court-it-must-stop-behaving-like-sore-loser-4196594.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RBI+Lost+Case+on+Cryptocurrency+in+Supreme+Court%2C+It+Must+Stop+Behaving+Like+Sore+Loser&rft.date=2021-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news18.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Frbi-lost-case-on-cryptocurrency-in-supreme-court-it-must-stop-behaving-like-sore-loser-4196594.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerumal2021" class="citation news cs1">Perumal, Prashanth (2 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/business/future-of-cryptocurrency-in-india-continues-to-hang-in-the-balance/article34704676.ece">"Future of cryptocurrency in India continues to hang in the balance"</a>. 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Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Future+of+cryptocurrency+in+India+continues+to+hang+in+the+balance&rft.date=2021-06-02&rft.aulast=Perumal&rft.aufirst=Prashanth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fbusiness%2Ffuture-of-cryptocurrency-in-india-continues-to-hang-in-the-balance%2Farticle34704676.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/crypto/cryptocurrency-in-india-a-look-at-the-regulatory-journey-of-cryptocurrencies-7648767/">"From ban to regulation, cryptocurrency's journey so far in India"</a>. 2 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124051648/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/crypto/cryptocurrency-in-india-a-look-at-the-regulatory-journey-of-cryptocurrencies-7648767/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+ban+to+regulation%2C+cryptocurrency%27s+journey+so+far+in+India&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Ftechnology%2Fcrypto%2Fcryptocurrency-in-india-a-look-at-the-regulatory-journey-of-cryptocurrencies-7648767%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/personal-finance/sc-verdict-on-cryptocurrencies-what-it-means-for-investors-5070381.html">"SC verdict on cryptocurrencies: What it means for investors"</a>. 25 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124051654/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/personal-finance/sc-verdict-on-cryptocurrencies-what-it-means-for-investors-5070381.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SC+verdict+on+cryptocurrencies%3A+What+it+means+for+investors&rft.date=2020-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moneycontrol.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fpersonal-finance%2Fsc-verdict-on-cryptocurrencies-what-it-means-for-investors-5070381.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/why-is-the-indian-government-cracking-down-on-cryptocurrency/a-60148889">"Why is the Indian government cracking down on cryptocurrency? | DW | 16.12.2021"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128213818/https://www.dw.com/en/why-is-the-indian-government-cracking-down-on-cryptocurrency/a-60148889">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Why+is+the+Indian+government+cracking+down+on+cryptocurrency%3F+%26%23124%3B+DW+%26%23124%3B+16.12.2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fwhy-is-the-indian-government-cracking-down-on-cryptocurrency%2Fa-60148889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mumbaiuncensored.com/2022/01/15/the-crypto-effect-framework-challenges-the-way-forward/">"The Crypto Effect : Framework, challenges & the way forward"</a>. 15 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124050010/https://www.mumbaiuncensored.com/2022/01/15/the-crypto-effect-framework-challenges-the-way-forward/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Crypto+Effect+%3A+Framework%2C+challenges+%26+the+way+forward&rft.date=2022-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mumbaiuncensored.com%2F2022%2F01%2F15%2Fthe-crypto-effect-framework-challenges-the-way-forward%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrb.org.np/2020/11/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE-bitcoin-%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-cryptocurrency-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B/">"नपालमा Bitcoin लगायतका Cryptocurrency हरको कारोबार गरन पाइनछ/पाइदन ?"</a> [Can Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies be used in Nepal?] (in Nepali). <a href="/wiki/Nepal_Rastra_Bank" title="Nepal Rastra Bank">Nepal Rastra Bank</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909155341/https://www.nrb.org.np/2020/11/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE-bitcoin-%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-cryptocurrency-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE+Bitcoin+%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE+Cryptocurrency+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9B%2F%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8+%3F&rft.pub=Nepal+Rastra+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrb.org.np%2F2020%2F11%2F%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE-bitcoin-%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE-cryptocurrency-%25E0%25A4%25B9%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258B%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTanoli2020" class="citation news cs1">Tanoli, Ishaq (18 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techjuice.pk/crypto-to-be-legalized-in-pakistan-if-the-government-fails-to-reply-to-waqar-zakas-petition/">"State Bank never declared cryptocurrency illegal, SHC told"</a>. Dawn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122022614/https://www.techjuice.pk/crypto-to-be-legalized-in-pakistan-if-the-government-fails-to-reply-to-waqar-zakas-petition/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=State+Bank+never+declared+cryptocurrency+illegal%2C+SHC+told&rft.date=2020-12-18&rft.aulast=Tanoli&rft.aufirst=Ishaq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techjuice.pk%2Fcrypto-to-be-legalized-in-pakistan-if-the-government-fails-to-reply-to-waqar-zakas-petition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhurshid2020" class="citation news cs1">Khurshid, Jamal (18 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/760471-sbp-did-not-declare-crypto-currency-illegal-shc-told">"SBP did not declare crypto currency illegal, SHC told"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=China+Bans+Financial+Companies+From+Bitcoin+Transactions&rft.date=2013-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2013-12-05%2Fchina-s-pboc-bans-financial-companies-from-bitcoin-transactions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj4-2014-101"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj4-2014_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChao_DengLingling_Wei2014" class="citation news cs1">Chao Deng; Lingling Wei (1 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304157204579475233879506454">"China Cracks Down on Bitcoin"</a>. WSJ.com. 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Retrieved 12 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ambd.gov.bn&rft.atitle=Press+Release&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambd.gov.bn%2FSiteAssets%2FLists%2FNews%2FNews%2FAMBD%2520Press%2520Release%2520-%2520Cryptocurrencies.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mesec.cz/clanky/bitcoiny-a-pravo-do-jake-skatulky-kryptomenu-zaradit/">"Bitcoiny a právo: do jaké škatulky kryptoměnu zařadit?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171214125004/https://www.mesec.cz/clanky/bitcoiny-a-pravo-do-jake-skatulky-kryptomenu-zaradit/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2017. 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Retrieved 30 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesrat&rft.atitle=Gesetz+zur+Umsetzung+der+%C3%84nderungsrichtlinie+zur+Vierten+EU-Geldw%C3%A4scherichtlinie&rft.date=2019-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesrat.de%2FSharedDocs%2Fberatungsvorgaenge%2F2019%2F0501-0600%2F0598-19.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bitcoinregulation.world/Hungary">"Hungary - Bitcoinregulation.world"</a>. www.bitcoinregulation.world. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193728/https://www.bitcoinregulation.world/Hungary">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2018. 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Interfax.ru (in Russian). 8 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403104507/https://www.interfax.ru/business/578355">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interfax.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0+%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%B2+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85&rft.date=2017-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.ru%2Fbusiness%2F578355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://primorsky--spb.sudrf.ru/modules.php?name=sud_delo&srv_num=1&name_op=doc&number=84460799&delo_id=1540005&new=&text_number=1">"Приморский районный суд города Санкт-Петербурга"</a>. Primorsky--spb.sudrf.ru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518074137/https://primorsky--spb.sudrf.ru/modules.php?name=sud_delo&srv_num=1&name_op=doc&number=84460799&delo_id=1540005&new=&text_number=1">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Primorsky--spb.sudrf.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprimorsky--spb.sudrf.ru%2Fmodules.php%3Fname%3Dsud_delo%26srv_num%3D1%26name_op%3Ddoc%26number%3D84460799%26delo_id%3D1540005%26new%3D%26text_number%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.ru/press/pr/?file=04092017_183512if2017-09-04T18_31_05.htm">"On the use of "virtual currencies" in transactions, in particular, Bitcoin"</a>. Press Service of The Central Bank of Russia. 4 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908060804/http://www.cbr.ru/press/pr/?file=04092017_183512if2017-09-04T18_31_05.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+use+of+%22virtual+currencies%22+in+transactions%2C+in+particular%2C+Bitcoin&rft.pub=Press+Service+of+The+Central+Bank+of+Russia&rft.date=2017-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.ru%2Fpress%2Fpr%2F%3Ffile%3D04092017_183512if2017-09-04T18_31_05.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-14/putin-defends-cryptocurrencies-amid-global-regulation-push">Putin Says He Accepts Crypto’s Role in Making Payments</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211014235206/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-14/putin-defends-cryptocurrencies-amid-global-regulation-push">Archived</a> 14 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Bloomberg News, 14 October 2021, retrieved 15 October 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-pyramid-171"><a href="#cite_ref-pyramid_171-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeddonSzalay2022" class="citation news cs1">Seddon, Max; Szalay, Eva (20 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/54433e18-7442-4804-9fec-f0f934bf8b4e">"Russia's central bank proposes ban on crypto trading and mining"</a>. Financial Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128072458/https://www.ft.com/content/54433e18-7442-4804-9fec-f0f934bf8b4e">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+central+bank+proposes+ban+on+crypto+trading+and+mining&rft.date=2022-01-20&rft.aulast=Seddon&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.au=Szalay%2C+Eva&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F54433e18-7442-4804-9fec-f0f934bf8b4e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-20/russia-s-fsb-tells-nabiullina-to-ban-crypto-to-defund-opposition">"Bank of Russia Seeks to Outlaw Mining and Trading of Crypto"</a>. Bloomberg.com. 20 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128172243/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-20/russia-s-fsb-tells-nabiullina-to-ban-crypto-to-defund-opposition">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Bank+of+Russia+Seeks+to+Outlaw+Mining+and+Trading+of+Crypto&rft.date=2022-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-01-20%2Frussia-s-fsb-tells-nabiullina-to-ban-crypto-to-defund-opposition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meduza.io/news/2022/01/20/bloomberg-fsb-ubedila-tsentrobank-zapretit-kriptovalyuty-v-rossii-tak-kak-oni-ispolzuyutsya-dlya-finansirovaniya-inostrannyh-agentov">"Bloomberg: ФСБ убедила Центробанк запретить криптовалюты в России, так как они используются для финансирования "иностранных агентов""</a>. Meduza (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128094320/https://meduza.io/news/2022/01/20/bloomberg-fsb-ubedila-tsentrobank-zapretit-kriptovalyuty-v-rossii-tak-kak-oni-ispolzuyutsya-dlya-finansirovaniya-inostrannyh-agentov">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Meduza&rft.atitle=Bloomberg%3A+%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%91+%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C+%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%22%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeduza.io%2Fnews%2F2022%2F01%2F20%2Fbloomberg-fsb-ubedila-tsentrobank-zapretit-kriptovalyuty-v-rossii-tak-kak-oni-ispolzuyutsya-dlya-finansirovaniya-inostrannyh-agentov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/pressreview/1400067">"Press review: What Macron told Zelensky and Russia moves to regulate cryptocurrency"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220209163858/https://tass.com/pressreview/1400067">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Press+review%3A+What+Macron+told+Zelensky+and+Russia+moves+to+regulate+cryptocurrency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fpressreview%2F1400067&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-30/russia-races-to-legalize-crypto-as-sanctions-weigh-on-companies">"Russia Races to Legalize Crypto as Sanctions Weigh On Companies"</a>. Bloomberg.com. 30 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Russia+Races+to+Legalize+Crypto+as+Sanctions+Weigh+On+Companies&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2024-07-30%2Frussia-races-to-legalize-crypto-as-sanctions-weigh-on-companies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryanski2024" class="citation news cs1">Bryanski, Gleb (30 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/russia-launch-international-payments-crypto-before-end-2024-2024-07-30/">"Russia to allow crypto payments in international trade to counter sanctions"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+to+allow+crypto+payments+in+international+trade+to+counter+sanctions&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft.aulast=Bryanski&rft.aufirst=Gleb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Ftechnology%2Frussia-launch-international-payments-crypto-before-end-2024-2024-07-30%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/17/ukraine-legalizes-cryptocurrency-sector-as-donations-pour-in.html">Ukraine legalizes crypto sector as digital currency donations continue to pour in</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329165730/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/17/ukraine-legalizes-cryptocurrency-sector-as-donations-pour-in.html">Archived</a> 29 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 17 March 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/currencies/ukraine-bitcoin-ban-local-currency-hyrvnia-capital-flight-russia-war-2022-4">Ukraine's central bank is banning bitcoin purchases made with the hyrvnia to prevent capital from fleeing the war-ravaged country</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220422224403/https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/currencies/ukraine-bitcoin-ban-local-currency-hyrvnia-capital-flight-russia-war-2022-4">Archived</a> 22 April 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 22 April 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131217113641/http://www.finanstilsynet.dk/da/Nyhedscenter/Pressemeddelelser/2013/Advarsel-mod-virtuelle-valutaer-bitcom-mfl-2013.aspx">"Advarsel mod virtuelle valutaer"</a> [Warning against virtual currencies] (in Danish). Financial Supervisory Authority. 17 December 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.finanstilsynet.dk/da/Nyhedscenter/Pressemeddelelser/2013/Advarsel-mod-virtuelle-valutaer-bitcom-mfl-2013.aspx">the original</a> on 17 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Advarsel+mod+virtuelle+valutaer&rft.pub=Financial+Supervisory+Authority&rft.date=2013-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finanstilsynet.dk%2Fda%2FNyhedscenter%2FPressemeddelelser%2F2013%2FAdvarsel-mod-virtuelle-valutaer-bitcom-mfl-2013.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartzkopff" class="citation web cs1">Schwartzkopff, Frances. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131218191849/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-12-17/bitcoin-rules-drafted-in-denmark-as-regulator-warns-against-use">"Bitcoins Spark Regulatory Crackdown as Denmark Drafts Rules"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-12-17/bitcoin-rules-drafted-in-denmark-as-regulator-warns-against-use">the original</a> on 18 December 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bitcoins+Spark+Regulatory+Crackdown+as+Denmark+Drafts+Rules&rft.aulast=Schwartzkopff&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fnews%2F2013-12-17%2Fbitcoin-rules-drafted-in-denmark-as-regulator-warns-against-use&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://majandus24.postimees.ee/3776225/analueues-olemuslikke-takistusi-bitcoini-kasutamise-seadustamiseks-pole">"Analüüs: olemuslikke takistusi Bitcoini kasutamise seadustamiseks pole"</a>. Majandus (in Estonian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316113337/http://majandus24.postimees.ee/3776225/analueues-olemuslikke-takistusi-bitcoini-kasutamise-seadustamiseks-pole">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Majandus&rft.atitle=Anal%C3%BC%C3%BCs%3A+olemuslikke+takistusi+Bitcoini+kasutamise+seadustamiseks+pole&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmajandus24.postimees.ee%2F3776225%2Fanalueues-olemuslikke-takistusi-bitcoini-kasutamise-seadustamiseks-pole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-veroohje-182">^ <a href="#cite_ref-veroohje_182-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-veroohje_182-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vero.fi/syventavat-vero-ohjeet/ohje-hakusivu/48411/virtuaalivaluuttojen_tuloverotu/">"Virtuaalivaluuttojen tuloverotus"</a>. 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HM Revenue & Customs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140309033700/http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/briefs/vat/brief0914.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tax+treatment+of+activities+involving+Bitcoin+and+other+similar+cryptocurrencies&rft.pub=HM+Revenue+%26+Customs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hmrc.gov.uk%2Fbriefs%2Fvat%2Fbrief0914.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoon2022" class="citation news cs1">Moon, M. (11 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/uk-orders-bitcoin-atm-shutdown-125830919.html">"UK's financial regulator orders shutdown of all Bitcoin ATMs"</a>. Engadget. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311145437/https://www.engadget.com/uk-orders-bitcoin-atm-shutdown-125830919.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=UK%27s+financial+regulator+orders+shutdown+of+all+Bitcoin+ATMs&rft.date=2022-03-11&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2Fuk-orders-bitcoin-atm-shutdown-125830919.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTitcomb2022" class="citation news cs1">Titcomb, James (11 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/03/11/bitcoin-cashpoints-forced-shut-declared-illegal/">"Bitcoin cashpoints forced to shut down after being declared illegal"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311092308/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/03/11/bitcoin-cashpoints-forced-shut-declared-illegal/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Bitcoin+cashpoints+forced+to+shut+down+after+being+declared+illegal&rft.date=2022-03-11&rft.aulast=Titcomb&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fbusiness%2F2022%2F03%2F11%2Fbitcoin-cashpoints-forced-shut-declared-illegal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rbabtc-202"><a href="#cite_ref-rbabtc_202-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartge-Hazelman2013" class="citation web cs1">Hartge-Hazelman, Bianca (13 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afr.com/p/national/glenn_stevens_says_bitcoins_show_GWLQFcefJfF4RmiE0Z08AJ">"Glenn Stevens says Bitcoins show promise, but so did tulips"</a>. JHT. 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Retrieved 21 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JHT&rft.atitle=Glenn+Stevens+says+Bitcoins+show+promise%2C+but+so+did+tulips&rft.date=2013-12-13&rft.aulast=Hartge-Hazelman&rft.aufirst=Bianca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afr.com%2Fp%2Fnational%2Fglenn_stevens_says_bitcoins_show_GWLQFcefJfF4RmiE0Z08AJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.austrac.gov.au/new-australian-laws-regulate-cryptocurrency-providers">"New Australian laws to regulate cryptocurrency providers | AUSTRAC"</a>. www.austrac.gov.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210604002300/https://www.austrac.gov.au/new-australian-laws-regulate-cryptocurrency-providers">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.austrac.gov.au&rft.atitle=New+Australian+laws+to+regulate+cryptocurrency+providers+%26%23124%3B+AUSTRAC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.austrac.gov.au%2Fnew-australian-laws-regulate-cryptocurrency-providers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/438341/tuvalu-chases-digital-immortality-on-a-blockchain">"Tuvalu chases digital immortality on a blockchain"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand" title="Radio New Zealand">Radio New Zealand</a>. 14 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230105140135/https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/438341/tuvalu-chases-digital-immortality-on-a-blockchain">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=Tuvalu+chases+digital+immortality+on+a+blockchain&rft.date=2021-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Finternational%2Fpacific-news%2F438341%2Ftuvalu-chases-digital-immortality-on-a-blockchain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/crypto-ban-is-finally-lifted-in-vanuatu-after-lobbying-efforts-of-lawyers/">"Crypto Ban is Finally Lifted in Vanuatu after Lobbying Efforts of Lawyers | Finance Magnates"</a>. 26 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230105135338/https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/crypto-ban-is-finally-lifted-in-vanuatu-after-lobbying-efforts-of-lawyers/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crypto+Ban+is+Finally+Lifted+in+Vanuatu+after+Lobbying+Efforts+of+Lawyers+%26%23124%3B+Finance+Magnates&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.financemagnates.com%2Fcryptocurrency%2Fnews%2Fcrypto-ban-is-finally-lifted-in-vanuatu-after-lobbying-efforts-of-lawyers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/12/6/palau-pop-18000-seeks-to-blaze-trail-with-official-crypto">"Tiny Palau seeks to blaze trail with official crypto"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230105135845/https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/12/6/palau-pop-18000-seeks-to-blaze-trail-with-official-crypto">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tiny+Palau+seeks+to+blaze+trail+with+official+crypto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Feconomy%2F2021%2F12%2F6%2Fpalau-pop-18000-seeks-to-blaze-trail-with-official-crypto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/454865/tongan-mp-plans-bill-to-make-bitcoin-legal-tender">"Tongan MP plans bill to make bitcoin legal tender"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand" title="Radio New Zealand">Radio New Zealand</a>. 3 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230105135138/https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/454865/tongan-mp-plans-bill-to-make-bitcoin-legal-tender">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=Tongan+MP+plans+bill+to+make+bitcoin+legal+tender&rft.date=2021-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Finternational%2Fpacific-news%2F454865%2Ftongan-mp-plans-bill-to-make-bitcoin-legal-tender&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALegality+of+cryptocurrency+by+country+or+territory" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2014427360/">Regulation of Bitcoin in Selected Jurisdictions</a> – law.gov</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Bitcoin_ATM" title="Bitcoin ATM">Bitcoin ATM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm" title="Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm">ECDSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_Network" title="Lightning Network">Lightning Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">P2P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof_of_work" title="Proof of work">Proof of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SegWit" title="SegWit">SegWit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHA-2" title="SHA-2">SHA-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bitcoin_forks" title="List of bitcoin forks">Forks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Client</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitcoin Unlimited">Bitcoin Unlimited</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Cash" title="Bitcoin Cash">Bitcoin Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Gold" title="Bitcoin Gold">Bitcoin Gold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_scalability_problem" title="Bitcoin scalability problem">Bitcoin scalability problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bitcoin" title="History of bitcoin">History of bitcoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_buried_in_Newport_landfill" title="Bitcoin buried in Newport landfill">2013 Bitcoin buried in Newport landfill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency_bubble" title="Cryptocurrency bubble">2018 cryptocurrency crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Bitcoin_bomb_threats" title="2018 Bitcoin bomb threats">2018 Bitcoin bomb threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Twitter_account_hijacking" title="2020 Twitter account hijacking">2020 Twitter account hijacking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Rise_and_Rise_of_Bitcoin" title="The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin">The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin</a> (2014 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Web_(film)" title="Deep Web (film)">Deep Web</a> (2015 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal entities (not exchanges)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Foundation" title="Bitcoin Foundation">Bitcoin Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Magazine" title="Bitcoin Magazine">Bitcoin Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitGo" title="BitGo">BitGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitmain" title="Bitmain">Bitmain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan_Creative" title="Canaan Creative">Canaan Creative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoinDesk" title="CoinDesk">CoinDesk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GHash.io" title="GHash.io">GHash.io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_(company)" title="Nuri (company)">Nuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_in_El_Salvador" title="Bitcoin in El Salvador">Bitcoin in El Salvador</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Law" title="Bitcoin Law">Bitcoin Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playa_El_Zonte" title="Playa El Zonte">Bitcoin Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_City" title="Bitcoin City">Bitcoin City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bitcoin" title="Category:Bitcoin">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bitcoin" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bitcoin">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_countries_by_laws_and_law_enforcement_rankings" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Law_country_lists" title="Template:Law country lists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Law_country_lists" title="Template talk:Law country lists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law_country_lists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law country lists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_countries_by_laws_and_law_enforcement_rankings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories" title="Lists of sovereign states and dependent territories">Lists of countries</a> by <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">laws</a> and <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">law enforcement</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rankings" title="List of international rankings">rankings</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Age of</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_candidacy" title="Age of candidacy">Candidacy for political office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_criminal_responsibility" title="Age of criminal responsibility">Criminal responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drinking_age" title="Legal drinking age">Drinking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minimum_driving_ages" title="List of minimum driving ages">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_majority" title="Age of majority">Majority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriageable_age" title="Marriageable age">Marriage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_age_in_the_United_States" title="Marriage age in the United States">in the US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retirement_age" title="Retirement age">Retirement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_retirement" title="Mandatory retirement">Mandatory retirement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School-leaving_age" title="School-leaving age">School-leaving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._history_of_tobacco_minimum_purchase_age_by_state" title="U.S. history of tobacco minimum purchase age by state">in the US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_age" title="Voting age">Voting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">Suffrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_suffrage" title="Youth suffrage">Youth suffrage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_working_age" title="Legal working age">Working</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drugs and alcohol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_and_precursor_laws_by_country_or_territory" title="Drug and precursor laws by country or territory">Drug and precursor laws by country or territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">Alcohol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_alcohol_consumption_per_capita" title="List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita">Alcohol consumption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_salts_(drug)" title="Bath salts (drug)">Bath salts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mephedrone#Legal_status" title="Mephedrone">Legal status of Mephedrone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylone#Legal_status" title="Methylone">Legal status of Methylone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylenedioxypyrovalerone#Legality" title="Methylenedioxypyrovalerone">Legal status of MPDV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_prevalence_of_cocaine_use" title="List of countries by prevalence of cocaine use">Cocaine use</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_cocaine" title="Legal status of cocaine">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">Methamphetamine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_methamphetamine" title="Legal status of methamphetamine">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_prevalence_of_opiates_use" title="List of countries by prevalence of opiates use">Opiate use</a></li> <li>Psychedelics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanita#Psychoactive_species" title="Amanita">Amanita mushroom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_psychoactive_Amanita_mushrooms" title="Legal status of psychoactive Amanita mushrooms">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayahuasca" title="Ayahuasca">Ayahuasca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_ayahuasca_by_country" title="Legal status of ayahuasca by country">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis" title="Legality of cannabis">Legality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annual_cannabis_use_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Annual cannabis use by country">Annual use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adult_lifetime_cannabis_use_by_country" title="Adult lifetime cannabis use by country">Lifetime use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_ibogaine_by_country" title="Legal status of ibogaine by country">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LSD#Legal_status" title="LSD">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psilocybin_mushroom" title="Psilocybin mushroom">Psilocybin mushroom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms" title="Legal status of psilocybin mushrooms">Legality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvia_divinorum" title="Salvia divinorum">Salvia divinorum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Salvia_divinorum" title="Legal status of Salvia divinorum">Legality</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Death</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_euthanasia" title="Legality of euthanasia">Legality of euthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_killings_by_law_enforcement_officers_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of killings by law enforcement officers by country">Law enforcement killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_legislation" title="Suicide legislation">Legality of suicide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisted_suicide" title="Assisted suicide">Legality of assisted suicide</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">Guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_firearm-related_death_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by firearm-related death rate">Deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percent_of_households_with_guns_by_country" title="Percent of households with guns by country">Households</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estimated_number_of_civilian_guns_per_capita_by_country" title="Estimated number of civilian guns per capita by country">Ownership</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Punishment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_country" title="Capital punishment by country">Death penalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_incarceration_rate" title="List of countries by incarceration rate">Incarceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">Life imprisonment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Policing" class="mw-redirect" title="Policing">Policing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_abuse" title="Prisoner abuse">Prisoner abuse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_number_of_police_officers" title="List of countries and dependencies by number of police officers">Size of police forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_incest" title="Legality of incest">Laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_laws_by_region" title="Pornography laws by region">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_child_pornography" title="Legality of child pornography">Child pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_fictional_pornography_depicting_minors" title="Legal status of fictional pornography depicting minors">Fictional pornography depicting minors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_child_pornography" title="Simulated child pornography">Simulated child pornography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_pornography#Legal_status" title="Internet pornography">Internet pornography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_by_region" title="Prostitution by region">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_child_sexual_abuse" title="Laws regarding child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_rape" title="Laws regarding rape">Rape</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodomy_law" title="Sodomy law">Sodomy law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reproduction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minors_and_abortion" title="Minors and abortion">Minors and abortion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoption_law" title="Adoption law">Adoption law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_adoption" title="International adoption">International adoption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_cloning#Current_law" title="Human cloning">Human cloning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_human_sterilization_by_country" title="Legal status of human sterilization by country">Sterilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrogacy_laws_by_country" title="Surrogacy laws by country">Surrogacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Censorship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_country" title="Censorship by country">Censorship by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_censorship" title="Book censorship">Book censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_banned_by_governments" title="List of books banned by governments">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartographic_censorship" title="Cartographic censorship">Cartographic censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_censorship" title="Film censorship">Film censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banned_films" title="List of banned films">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Internet censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_by_country" title="Internet censorship and surveillance by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_LGBT_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship of LGBT issues">Censorship of LGBT issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_censorship" title="Political censorship">Political censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_censorship" title="Television censorship">Television censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_censorship#List_of_banned_television_series" title="Television censorship">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_controversies" title="Video game controversies">Video gaming censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banned_video_games_by_country" title="List of banned video games by country">by country</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Human rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_rights" title="Children's rights">Children's rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children_in_the_military" title="Children in the military">Children in the military</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_human_rights" title="Intersex human rights">Intersex rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_same-sex_marriage" title="Legal status of same-sex marriage">Same-sex marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">Human trafficking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement" title="Freedom of movement">Freedom of movement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement#Examples_by_jurisdiction" title="Freedom of movement">By country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedoms_of_the_air" title="Freedoms of the air">In the air</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_of_abode" title="Right of abode">Abode</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property</a> and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_law" title="Environmental law">environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_rights" title="Air rights">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_(probate_law)" title="Administration (probate law)">Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_law" title="Land law">Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_rights" title="Mineral rights">Minerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_law" title="Mining law">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortgage_law" title="Mortgage law">Mortgage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_right" title="Water right">Water</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riparian_water_rights" title="Riparian water rights">Riparian water</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_law" title="Commercial law">Business</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Competition_law" title="Competition law">Competition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Mergers and acquisitions">Mergers and acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">Monopoly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_law" title="Corporate law">Corporate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_liability" title="Corporate liability">Corporate liability</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Legality of cryptocurrency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Violence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_punishment" title="Corporal punishment">Corporal punishment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_punishment_in_the_home" title="Corporal punishment in the home">At home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_corporal_punishment" title="School corporal punishment">At school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_corporal_punishment" title="Judicial corporal punishment">In court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_by_country_or_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights by country or territory">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_brutality" title="Police brutality">Police brutality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_smoking_age" title="Legal smoking age">Smoking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_law" title="Alcohol law">Alcohol law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">Murder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Slavery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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