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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nearby_landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Nearby landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nearby_landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Square_(Pretoria)" title="Church Square (Pretoria) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Church Square (Pretoria)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Square_(Pretoria)" title="Church Square (Pretoria) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Church Square (Pretoria)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF_(%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1)" title="Եկեղեցու հրապարակ (Պրետորիա) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եկեղեցու հրապարակ (Պրետորիա)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="כיכר הכנסייה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כיכר הכנסייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%87" title="ميدان الكنيسه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميدان الكنيسه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerkplein_(Pretoria)" title="Kerkplein (Pretoria) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kerkplein (Pretoria)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%81%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A2_(%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2)" title="チャーチ・スクエア (プレトリア) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チャーチ・スクエア (プレトリア)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2749491#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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location">25.7465°S 28.1882°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-25.7465; 28.1882</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Square at the historic centre of Pretoria</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22">"Church Square, Pretoria"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Church+Square%2C+Pretoria%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org street-address">Church Square</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_Square,_Pretoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg/220px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg/330px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg/440px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af">Kerkplein</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Afrikaans_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans language">Afrikaans</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Former name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Market Square</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">1 ha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Church_Square,_Pretoria&params=25.7465_S_28.1882_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°44′47″S</span> <span class="longitude">28°11′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.7465°S 28.1882°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-25.7465; 28.1882</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">North</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Justice_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Justice (South Africa)">Palace of Justice</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">East</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tudor_Chambers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tudor Chambers (page does not exist)">Tudor Chambers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">South</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ou_Raadsaal" title="Ou Raadsaal">Ou Raadsaal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">West</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Old_Netherlands_Bank_building" title="Old Netherlands Bank building">Old Netherlands Bank building</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Capitol_Theatre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Capitol Theatre (page does not exist)">Old Capitol Theatre</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KerkpleinPretoria.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/KerkpleinPretoria.png/250px-KerkpleinPretoria.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/KerkpleinPretoria.png 1.5x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption><div><ol><li>Statue Paul Kruger (<a href="/wiki/Anton_van_Wouw" title="Anton van Wouw">Anton van Wouw</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Ou_Raadsaal" title="Ou Raadsaal">Old ZAR Council Chamber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sytze_Wierda" title="Sytze Wierda">Sytze Wierda</a>) 1891</li><li>Old Capitol Theatre (<a href="/w/index.php?title=PR_Cooke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PR Cooke (page does not exist)">PR Cooke</a>) 1931</li><li>Old Netherlands Bank (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_de_Zwaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm de Zwaan (page does not exist)">Wilhelm de Zwaan</a>) 1897</li><li>Regskamers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Phillip,_Carmicheal_%26_Murray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phillip, Carmicheal & Murray (page does not exist)">Phillip, Carmicheal & Murray</a>) 1891</li><li>Café Riche (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Francois_Soff_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francois Soff (architect) (page does not exist)">Francois Soff</a>) 1905</li><li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Justice,_Pretoria" title="Palace of Justice, Pretoria">Palace of Justice</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sytze_Wierda" title="Sytze Wierda">Sytze Wierda</a>) 1902</li><li>Old Reserve Bank and Old Old Mutual Building (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Baker_%26_Leith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baker & Leith (page does not exist)">Baker & Leith</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_McIntosh_Glennie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick McIntosh Glennie (page does not exist)">Frederick McIntosh Glennie</a>) 1930 and 1929</li><li>Ons Eerste Volksbank (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cowin_%26_Ellis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cowin & Ellis (page does not exist)">Cowin & Ellis</a>) 1930</li><li>Barclays Bank (<a href="/wiki/Gordon_Leith_(architect)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon Leith (architect)">Gordon Leith</a>) ca 1930</li><li>Tudor Chambers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ellis_(South_African_architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Ellis (South African architect) (page does not exist)">John Ellis</a>) 1904</li><li>Standard Bank (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stucke_%26_Harrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stucke & Harrison (page does not exist)">Stucke & Harrison</a>) 1934</li></ol></div><div><ol style="list-style-type:upper-alpha"><li>Bank of Africa (<a href="/w/index.php?title=TA_%26_FRE_Sladdin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TA & FRE Sladdin (page does not exist)">TA & FRE Sladdin</a>) 1906</li><li>Old National Bank and Mint Building and Old National Bank Chambers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=F_Emley_%26_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F Emley & Scott (page does not exist)">F Emley & Scott</a> and unknown architect) 1892 and 1903</li><li>General Post Office (<a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hawke_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hawke (architect) (page does not exist)">William Hawke</a>) 1910</li></ol></div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Church Square</b> (<a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a>: <b>Kerkplein</b>), originally <b>Market Square</b> (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: Marktplein),<sup id="cite_ref-sah_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sah-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the square at the historic centre of the city of <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>. The founder of Pretoria, <a href="/wiki/Marthinus_Wessel_Pretorius" title="Marthinus Wessel Pretorius">Marthinus Pretorius</a>, determined that the square be used as a market place and church yard. It was subsequently named for the church buildings that stood at the centre of the square from 1856 to 1905. The square's most prominent feature, since June 1954, is <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Paul_Kruger" class="mw-redirect" title="Statue of Paul Kruger">the statue</a> of the late <a href="/wiki/Boer" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer">Boer</a> leader and president of the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Republic" title="South African Republic">South African Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kruger" title="Paul Kruger">Paul Kruger</a>, at its centre.<sup id="cite_ref-Artefacts_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artefacts-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statues of four anonymous Boer citizen-soldiers surround that of Kruger on a lower level of the <a href="/wiki/Plinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Plinth">plinth</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_buildings">Current buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Current buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several historically and architecturally significant buildings surround the square: the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Justice_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Justice (South Africa)">Palace of Justice</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Capitol_Theatre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Capitol Theatre (page does not exist)">Old Capitol Theatre</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tudor_Chambers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tudor Chambers (page does not exist)">Tudor Chambers</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ou_Raadsaal" title="Ou Raadsaal">Ou Raadsaal</a> (Old Council Chamber) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office,_Pretoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office, Pretoria (page does not exist)">General Post Office</a>, which was designed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hawke_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hawke (architect) (page does not exist)">William Hawke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boukunsskatte-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2014_revamping_project">2014 revamping project</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2014 revamping project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In keeping with the historical value of the square, a rejuvenation project was announced in 2014 in the old Raadsaal. Roads around the square would be converted for exclusive use by the A Re Yeng ("Let's Go") <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus service</a> and its service vehicles, while pedestrian areas would be made more public-friendly.<sup id="cite_ref-martins1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martins1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-martins2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martins2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The defunct south wall's fountain head would be restored and trees would be planted around the square. Numerous street benches would be provided and the square's tar walkways would be replaced with slate. The Kruger statues at the centre of the square would remain, and the square will be closed for hawkers.<sup id="cite_ref-martins1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-martins1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market">Market</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Market"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Produce was conveyed to the Market Square by wagon, where their owners' oxen were also outspanned. The produce, if not sold direct from the wagon, would be placed on the ground amidst the trek oxen and the cattle and horses for sale. A first market shed was erected by the municipality after 1910 which led to a legal battle between the Pretoria Market and Estate Company and the town council. This was finally decided by <a href="/wiki/John_de_Villiers,_1st_Baron_de_Villiers" title="John de Villiers, 1st Baron de Villiers">Lord de Villiers</a> at Bloemfontein, whose verdict gave the council control over 3/4 of the square, while the Market and Estate Company retained control of the Market Hall and buildings on the square's north-western corner for about another 40 years. The building of further sheds and the paving of the Market Square c.1917 were consequences of Lord de Villiers' verdict.<sup id="cite_ref-bean_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bean-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lines for horse-drawn trams initially connected the railway station with Market, Church, du Toit and Esselen streets to the terminus at the east end of de Kock Street. This company ceased operations at the outbreak of war in 1899, and it was not until c.1904 that the municipality purchased their concession and restarted it. Only in November 1910 were electric trams put into operation.<sup id="cite_ref-bean_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bean-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Churches">Churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The square became known as Church Square due to a succession of three churches that stood at the center of the square. The first church on Church Square was built in 1856 by Skinner and Devereux, and inaugurated in 1857. This was replaced by a larger building, which burnt down in 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boukunsskatte-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This simple <a href="/wiki/Cape_Dutch_architecture" title="Cape Dutch architecture">Cape Dutch</a> style building was replaced by an early <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> style building, built by Claridge, together with Leslie Simmonds.<sup id="cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boukunsskatte-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This third church building, known as the Verenigde Kerk, was demolished in 1904/1905, shortly after president Paul Kruger's state funeral was conducted from it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fountain">Fountain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fountain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a <i>Minute of His Worship the Mayor (Andrew Johnson) for the Mayoral Year ending 25th October 1905, Municipality of Pretoria</i>, a fountain was proposed for the square by <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Marks" title="Sammy Marks">Mr. Samuel Marks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Artefacts_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artefacts-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This piece in turn was moved to the <a href="/wiki/National_Zoological_Gardens_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="National Zoological Gardens of South Africa">Pretoria Zoo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Artefacts_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artefacts-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making way for the current collection of sculptures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivonia_trial">Rivonia trial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rivonia trial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The turreted Palace of Justice was the scene of arguably the most famous political trial in South Africa's history, the <a href="/wiki/Rivonia_Trial" title="Rivonia Trial">Rivonia Trial</a>. During this trial, <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> and a number of other ANC members were charged with treason, found guilty and subsequently incarcerated. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nearby_landmarks">Nearby landmarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nearby landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nearby Pretoria landmarks include the <a href="/wiki/State_Theatre,_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="State Theatre, South Africa">State Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pretoria_City_Hall" title="Pretoria City Hall">City Hall</a>, the historic <a href="/wiki/Kruger_House,_Pretoria" title="Kruger House, Pretoria">Kruger House</a> and Paul Kruger church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Market_square_1881.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The original Market Square in 1881"><img alt="The original Market Square in 1881" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Market_square_1881.jpg/120px-Market_square_1881.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Market_square_1881.jpg/180px-Market_square_1881.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Market_square_1881.jpg/240px-Market_square_1881.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1047" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The original Market Square in 1881</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Verenigde Kerk building (1885-1905) was the third to grace the square"><img alt="The Verenigde Kerk building (1885-1905) was the third to grace the square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg/120px-Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg/180px-Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg/240px-Nagmaal_op_Kerkplein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="1181" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Verenigde Kerk building (1885-1905) was the third to grace the square</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564,_monochroom.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Boer commandos on the square during the Boer War, 1899"><img alt="Boer commandos on the square during the Boer War, 1899" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg/120px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg/180px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg/240px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Inspectie_van_Boerencommando%27s_op_het_grote_plein_voor_het_regeringsgebouw_TMnr_60038564%2C_monochroom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Boer commandos on the square during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Boer War</a>, 1899</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_Square,_Pretoria,_South_Africa,_1905_WDL3016.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The square in 1905, adorned by the Sammy Marks Fountain"><img alt="The square in 1905, adorned by the Sammy Marks Fountain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png/120px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png/180px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png/240px-Church_Square%2C_Pretoria%2C_South_Africa%2C_1905_WDL3016.png 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The square in 1905, adorned by the <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Marks" title="Sammy Marks">Sammy Marks</a> Fountain </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palace of Justice, 1988"><img alt="Palace of Justice, 1988" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg/120px-9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg/180px-9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg/240px-9_2_258_0013-Law_Chambers-Palace_of_Justice-Pretoria-s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Palace of Justice, 1988</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_Square,_PTA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paul Kruger statue, c.2004"><img alt="Paul Kruger statue, c.2004" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg/120px-Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg/180px-Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg/240px-Church_Square%2C_PTA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="273" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Paul Kruger statue, c.2004</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sah-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sah_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/president-paul-kruger-lays-foundation-stone-raadsaal-pretorias-church-square">"President Paul Kruger lays the foundation stone of the Raadsaal on Pretoria's Church Square"</a>. <i>sahistory.org.za</i>. 4 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sahistory.org.za&rft.atitle=President+Paul+Kruger+lays+the+foundation+stone+of+the+Raadsaal+on+Pretoria%27s+Church+Square&rft.date=2015-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sahistory.org.za%2Fdated-event%2Fpresident-paul-kruger-lays-foundation-stone-raadsaal-pretorias-church-square&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Artefacts-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Artefacts_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Artefacts_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Artefacts_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/bldgframes.php?bldgid=6242">"Church Square"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Church+Square&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fartefacts.co.za%2Fmain%2FBuildings%2Fbldgframes.php%3Fbldgid%3D6242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boukunsskatte-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boukunsskatte_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeiring1977" class="citation book cs1">Meiring, Hannes (1977). <i>Boukunsskatte van Suid-Afrika</i>. Kaapstad: Human & Rousseau. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7981-0806-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7981-0806-1"><bdi>0-7981-0806-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boukunsskatte+van+Suid-Afrika&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Human+%26+Rousseau&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-7981-0806-1&rft.aulast=Meiring&rft.aufirst=Hannes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-martins1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-martins1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-martins1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartins2014" class="citation web cs1">Martins, Du P (17 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rekordeast.co.za/30095/all9opdollie/">"Church Square to get a face lift"</a>. <i>rekordeast.co.za</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rekordeast.co.za&rft.atitle=Church+Square+to+get+a+face+lift&rft.date=2014-09-17&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Du+P&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frekordeast.co.za%2F30095%2Fall9opdollie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-martins2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-martins2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartins2014" class="citation web cs1">Martins, Du P (2 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rekordeast.co.za/36294/station-to-church-square-soon-part-of-brt/">"Station to Church Square soon part of BRT"</a>. <i>rekordeast.co.za</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rekordeast.co.za&rft.atitle=Station+to+Church+Square+soon+part+of+BRT&rft.date=2014-12-02&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Du+P&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frekordeast.co.za%2F36294%2Fstation-to-church-square-soon-part-of-brt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bean-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bean_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bean_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeanes" class="citation web cs1">Beanes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160405171219/http://www.sahra.org.za/sahris/sites/default/files/heritagereports/2014_PHASE%202_Iliso%20Church%20Square.pdf">"Reminiscence of Mr Beanes: Pretoria fifty years ago"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>sahra.org.za</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sahra.org.za/sahris/sites/default/files/heritagereports/2014_PHASE%202_Iliso%20Church%20Square.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sahra.org.za&rft.atitle=Reminiscence+of+Mr+Beanes%3A+Pretoria+fifty+years+ago&rft.au=Beanes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sahra.org.za%2Fsahris%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fheritagereports%2F2014_PHASE%25202_Iliso%2520Church%2520Square.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+Square%2C+Pretoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pretoria" title="Template:Pretoria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pretoria" title="Template talk:Pretoria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pretoria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pretoria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pretoria,_Tshwane,_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality">Tshwane</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Education in Pretoria">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria#History" title="Pretoria">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Pretoria" title="Timeline of Pretoria">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Mass media in Pretoria">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Pretoria" title="Category:People from Pretoria">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Sport in Pretoria">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transport_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Transport in Pretoria">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Pretoria">Buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_City_Hall" title="Pretoria City Hall">Pretoria City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Buildings" title="Union Buildings">Union Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voortrekker_Monument" title="Voortrekker Monument">Voortrekker Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_Forts" title="Pretoria Forts">Pretoria Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Theatre,_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="State Theatre, South Africa">State Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Justice,_Pretoria" title="Palace of Justice, Pretoria">Palace of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ou_Raadsaal" title="Ou Raadsaal">Ou Raadsaal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Pretoria" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Pretoria">Sacred Heart Cathedral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Museums_in_Pretoria" title="Category:Museums in Pretoria">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ditsong_Museums" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ditsong_Museums_of_South_Africa" title="Ditsong Museums of South Africa">Ditsong Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ditsong_National_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Ditsong National Museum of Natural History">National Museum of Natural History (Transvaal Museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditsong_National_Museum_of_Cultural_History" title="Ditsong National Museum of Cultural History">National Museum of Cultural History (African Window)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionier_Museum" title="Pionier Museum">Pionier Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Marks" title="Sammy Marks">Sammy Marks Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tswaing_crater" title="Tswaing crater">Tswaing Meteorite Crater Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kruger_House,_Pretoria" title="Kruger House, Pretoria">Kruger House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Prinsloo_Agricultural_Museum" title="Willem Prinsloo Agricultural Museum">Willem Prinsloo Agricultural Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Park_(South_Africa)" title="Freedom Park (South Africa)">Freedom Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapungubwe_Collection" title="Mapungubwe Collection">Mapungubwe Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose_House" title="Melrose House">Melrose House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Tilburg_Collection" title="Van Tilburg Collection">Van Tilburg Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Wouw_Museum" title="Van Wouw Museum">Van Wouw Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force_Museum" title="South African Air Force Museum">Air Force Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Police_Transport_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South African Police Transport Museum (page does not exist)">Police Transport Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_Art_Museum" title="Pretoria Art Museum">Pretoria Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Klapperkop_Military_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fort Klapperkop Military Museum (page does not exist)">Fort Klapperkop Military Museum</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sammy_Marks_Square&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sammy Marks Square (page does not exist)">Sammy Marks Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pretorius_Square&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pretorius Square (page does not exist)">Pretorius Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solomon_Mahlangu_Freedom_Square&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solomon Mahlangu Freedom Square (page does not exist)">Solomon Mahlangu Freedom Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Time_Square,_Pretoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Time Square, Pretoria (page does not exist)">Time Square</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_National_Botanical_Garden" title="Pretoria National Botanical Garden">Pretoria National Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgers_Park" title="Burgers Park">Burgers Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnolia_Dal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnolia Dal (page does not exist)">Magnolia Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Zoological_Gardens_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="National Zoological Gardens of South Africa">National Zoological Gardens of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroes%27_Acre,_Pretoria" title="Heroes' Acre, Pretoria">Heroes' Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Springbok_Park,_Pretoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Springbok Park, Pretoria (page does not exist)">Springbok Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venning_Park" title="Venning Park">Pretoria Rosarium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nature reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groenkloof_Nature_Reserve" title="Groenkloof Nature Reserve">Groenkloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_Valley,_Pretoria" title="Fountains Valley, Pretoria">Fountains Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klapperkop_Nature_Reserve" title="Klapperkop Nature Reserve">Klapperkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonderboom_Nature_Reserve" title="Wonderboom Nature Reserve">Wonderboom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faerie_Glen_Nature_Reserve" title="Faerie Glen Nature Reserve">Faerie Glen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Schoeman_Freeway" title="Ben Schoeman Freeway">Ben Schoeman Freeway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_Bypass" class="mw-redirect" title="Pretoria Bypass">Pretoria Bypass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_routes_in_Pretoria" title="Metropolitan routes in Pretoria">Metropolitan routes in Pretoria</a></li> <li>National routes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N1_(South_Africa)" title="N1 (South Africa)">N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N4_(South_Africa)" title="N4 (South Africa)">N4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Platinum_Highway" title="Platinum Highway">Platinum Highway</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N14_(South_Africa)" title="N14 (South Africa)">N14</a></li></ul></li> <li>Regional routes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R21_(South_Africa)" title="R21 (South Africa)">R21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R50_(South_Africa)" title="R50 (South Africa)">R50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R55_(South_Africa)" title="R55 (South Africa)">R55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R80_(South_Africa)" title="R80 (South Africa)">R80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R101_(South_Africa)" title="R101 (South Africa)">R101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R104_(South_Africa)" title="R104 (South Africa)">R104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R513_(South_Africa)" title="R513 (South Africa)">R513</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R514_(South_Africa)" title="R514 (South Africa)">R514</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Paul_Kruger" class="mw-redirect" title="Statue of Paul Kruger">Statue of Paul Kruger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Nelson_Mandela,_Union_Buildings" title="Statue of Nelson Mandela, Union Buildings">Statue of Nelson Mandela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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