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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Ramayana" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Ramayana" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Afbeeldingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afbeeldingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Afbeeldingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afbeeldingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Bibliografie-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uitgave" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uitgave"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Uitgave</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uitgave-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vertalingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vertalingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Vertalingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vertalingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ingekorte_versies_en_bloemlezingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ingekorte_versies_en_bloemlezingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ingekorte versies en bloemlezingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ingekorte_versies_en_bloemlezingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ramayana</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 117 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-117" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">117 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="رامايانا – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رامايانا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A3" title="ৰামায়ণ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰামায়ণ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A3" title="রামায়ণ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রামায়ণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%BC%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D%E0%BC%BD" title="༼ར་མ་ཡ་ན།༽ – Tibetaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="༼ར་མ་ཡ་ན།༽" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A3" title="রামায়ণ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="রামায়ণ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Krim-Tataars" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krim-Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1m%C3%A1jana" title="Rámájana – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rámájana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Ραμαγιάνα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ραμαγιάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajano" title="Ramajano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ramajano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81m%C4%81jana" title="Rāmājana – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rāmājana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="رامایانا – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رامایانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81m%C4%81ya%E1%B9%87a" title="Rāmāyaṇa – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rāmāyaṇa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Goa Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%A3" title="રામાયણ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રામાયણ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="ראמאיאנה – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ראמאיאנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1m%C3%A1jana" title="Rámájana – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rámájana" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ռամայանա – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռամայանա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81m%C4%81ya%E1%B9%87a" title="Rāmāyaṇa – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rāmāyaṇa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A4%E3%83%8A" title="ラーマーヤナ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラーマーヤナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რამაიანა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რამაიანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%88" title="រាមាយណៈ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រាមាយណៈ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A3" title="ರಾಮಾಯಣ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಮಾಯಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EC%95%BC%EB%82%98" title="라마야나 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라마야나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%8E%D9%86" title="رامایَن – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="رامایَن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%AB%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB" title="«Рамаяна» – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="«Рамаяна»" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayanum" title="Ramayanum – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ramayanum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81m%C4%81jana" title="Rāmājana – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rāmājana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамајана – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рамајана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="രാമായണം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രാമായണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯟ – Meitei" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Meitei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9A%E1%80%8F" title="ရာမာယဏ – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရာမာယဏ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="رامایانا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رامایانا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A3" title="ରାମାୟଣ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାମାୟଣ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3" title="ਰਾਮਾਇਣ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਮਾਇਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3" title="रामायण – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="रामायण" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" title="رامائن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رامائن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%BC" title="رامايڼ – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رامايڼ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%C3%A1iana" title="Ramáiana – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ramáiana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="रामायणम् – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रामायणम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаайана – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Рамаайана" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%BB" title="رامائڻ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="رامائڻ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="රාමායණය – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රාමායණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1m%C3%A1jana" title="Rámájana – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rámájana" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" title="رامائن – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="رامائن" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ramajana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамајана – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рамајана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Soendanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இராமாயணம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இராமாயணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%82" title="రామాయణం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రామాయణం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0" title="รามายณะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รามายณะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Oedmoerts" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Oedmoerts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Рамаяна – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рамаяна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="راماین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="راماین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%91%A9%E8%A1%8D%E9%82%A3" title="罗摩衍那 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗摩衍那" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რამაიანა – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რამაიანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%91%A9%E8%A1%8D%E9%82%A3" title="罗摩衍那 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗摩衍那" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%91%A9%E8%A1%8D%E9%82%A3" title="羅摩衍那 – Klassiek Chinees" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="羅摩衍那" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Klassiek Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ramayana" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%91%A9%E8%A1%8D%E9%82%A3" title="羅摩衍那 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅摩衍那" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37293#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" 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encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Ramayana </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Dubbelzijdig folio uit een versie van de Ramayana. Marwar, ca. 1820-40." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg/266px-Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="414" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg/399px-Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg/532px-Double-sided_folio_from_a_Ramayana_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Dubbelzijdig <a href="/wiki/Folio_(papierformaat)" title="Folio (papierformaat)">folio</a> uit een versie van de <i>Ramayana</i>. Marwar, ca. 1820-40.</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Oorspronkelijke titel </th> <td colspan="2">रामायणम्, <i>Rāmāyaṇam</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Auteur </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a> (toegeschreven) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Vertaler </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Georges_van_Vrekhem" title="Georges van Vrekhem">Georges van Vreckhem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Verbruggen" title="Hendrik Verbruggen">Hendrik Verbruggen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Land </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Oorspronkelijke taal </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sanskriet" title="Sanskriet">Sanskriet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Onderwerp </th> <td colspan="2">het verhaal over prins <a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Genre </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Epos" title="Epos">epos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Uitgiftedatum origineel </th> <td colspan="2">ca. tussen <a href="/wiki/750_v.Chr." title="750 v.Chr.">750 v.Chr.</a> en <a href="/wiki/1000" title="1000">1000</a> n.Chr. </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Literatuur" title="Portaal:Literatuur">Literatuur</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Valmiki_Ramayana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Valmiki_Ramayana.jpg/260px-Valmiki_Ramayana.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Valmiki_Ramayana.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a> schrijft de Ramayana.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg/260px-Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg/390px-Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg/520px-Hanuman_taking_Sita%27s_ring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> vindt de ontvoerde <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a> en neemt haar haarband mee terug naar <a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg/260px-Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg/390px-Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg/520px-Wat_phra_keaw_ramayana_fresco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="589" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fresco_(schilderterm)" title="Fresco (schilderterm)">Fresco</a> uit de Ramayana in <a href="/wiki/Wat_Phra_Kaew_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wat Phra Kaew (hoofdbetekenis)">Wat Phra Kaew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangkok_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangkok (hoofdbetekenis)">Bangkok</a></figcaption></figure> <p>De <i><b>Ramayana</b></i> ([rɑːˈmɑːjənə]<sup class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Internationaal_Fonetisch_Alfabet" title="Internationaal Fonetisch Alfabet">?</a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Sanskriet" title="Sanskriet">Sanskriet</a>: रामायणम्, <a href="/wiki/IAST" title="IAST">IAST</a>: <i>Rāmāyaṇam)</i> is een omvangrijk <a href="/wiki/Epos" title="Epos">epos</a> uit <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. Samen met de <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> vormt het een belangrijke culturele hoeksteen van het <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">hindoeïsme</a>. De dichter en wijze <a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a> heeft het <a href="/wiki/Epos" title="Epos">epos</a> naar schatting tussen 750 en 500 v.Chr. in een bepaald <a href="/wiki/Metrum" title="Metrum">metrum</a> gezet om het gemakkelijker te kunnen onthouden. Er bestaan ook een Ramayana van <a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a> en een Adhyatma Ramayana.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het epos is als <a href="/wiki/Orale_traditie" title="Orale traditie">orale literatuur</a> gedurende talloze generaties doorverteld, maar het oudste gevonden manuscript wordt gesitueerd omstreeks het jaar 1000 n.Chr. — in India schreef men toen op <a href="/wiki/Palmbladmanuscript" title="Palmbladmanuscript">palmbladeren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In totaal zijn er een 2000-tal gedeeltelijke of volledige manuscripten gevonden. De <i>Ramayana</i> bevat zo'n 24.000 verzen op 50.000 regels. </p><p>Het is het verhaal over prins <a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a>, zijn broer <a href="/wiki/Lakshmana" title="Lakshmana">Lakshmana</a> en zijn vrouw <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a>. De hoofdlijn van het verhaal betreft de ontvoering van Sita door de <a href="/wiki/Asura_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Asura (hindoeïsme)">asura</a> <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>. Ze wordt meegenomen naar <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Lanka</a> (de stad met de gouden muren). Uiteindelijk doodt Rama Ravana met de hulp van <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>. Daarnaast zijn er veel andere verhalen in het epos opgenomen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chhau" title="Chhau">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakawin_Ramayana" title="Kakawin Ramayana">Kakawin Ramayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecak" title="Kecak">Kecak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prambanan" title="Prambanan">Prambanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakien" title="Ramakien">Ramakien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbek_Thom" title="Sbek Thom">Sbek Thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayang" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang">Wayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasishtha" title="Yoga Vasishtha">Yoga Vasishtha</a>, ook wel Mahārāmāyana (Maharamayana) of Grote Rāmāyana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_ontvoering_van_Sita" title="De ontvoering van Sita">De ontvoering van Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Het_verhaal_van_Ram" title="Het verhaal van Ram">Het verhaal van Ram</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Afbeeldingen">Afbeeldingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Afbeeldingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Afbeeldingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="De Ramayana wordt voorgedragen tijdens een cultureel festival."><img alt="De Ramayana wordt voorgedragen tijdens een cultureel festival." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg/120px-Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg/180px-Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg/240px-Story_telling_-_Ramayana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">De Ramayana wordt voorgedragen tijdens een cultureel festival.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rama breekt de boog van Shiva en wint zo Sita als bruid."><img alt="Rama breekt de boog van Shiva en wint zo Sita als bruid." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg/78px-Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg" decoding="async" width="78" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg/117px-Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg/156px-Ravi_Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2678" data-file-height="4106" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a> breekt de boog van <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> en wint zo <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a> als bruid.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Sita_captive.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ravana vangt Sita (voorstelling op Bali)."><img alt="Ravana vangt Sita (voorstelling op Bali)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sita_captive.jpg/120px-Sita_captive.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sita_captive.jpg/180px-Sita_captive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sita_captive.jpg/240px-Sita_captive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a> vangt <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a> (voorstelling op <a href="/wiki/Bali_(eiland)" title="Bali (eiland)">Bali</a>).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Mural-LE2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hanuman maakt zijn lichaam groot om het paviljoen van Rama te beschermen."><img alt="Hanuman maakt zijn lichaam groot om het paviljoen van Rama te beschermen." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mural-LE2.jpg/120px-Mural-LE2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mural-LE2.jpg/180px-Mural-LE2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mural-LE2.jpg/240px-Mural-LE2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> maakt zijn lichaam groot om het paviljoen van <a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a> te beschermen.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana,_an_album_painting_on_paper,_c1820.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rama en Hanuman vechten tegen Ravana."><img alt="Rama en Hanuman vechten tegen Ravana." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg/86px-Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg/129px-Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg/172px-Rama_and_Hanuman_fighting_Ravana%2C_an_album_painting_on_paper%2C_c1820.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4445" data-file-height="6182" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a> en <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> vechten tegen <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Het gevecht bij Lanka (de stad van Ravana), tempel in Angkor"><img alt="Het gevecht bij Lanka (de stad van Ravana), tempel in Angkor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg/120px-Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg/180px-Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg/240px-Ramayana_war_-_angkor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Het gevecht bij <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Lanka</a> (de stad van <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>), tempel in <a href="/wiki/Angkor_(werelderfgoed)" title="Angkor (werelderfgoed)">Angkor</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rama en Sita zijn eindelijk samen (voorstelling in Manchester)."><img alt="Rama en Sita zijn eindelijk samen (voorstelling in Manchester)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg/118px-Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg/178px-Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg/237px-Rama_and_Sita_together_at_last.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rama_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama (hoofdbetekenis)">Rama</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a> zijn eindelijk samen (voorstelling in Manchester).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nang Yai-pop uit Thailand"><img alt="Nang Yai-pop uit Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg/81px-Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg/122px-Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg/162px-Nang_Yai_puppet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1064" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nang Yai-pop uit <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Wajang-wong_dansvoorstelling_met_twee_gemaskerde_dansers_waaronder_%C3%A9%C3%A9n_voorstellende_Hanuman_tijdens_een_ontvangst_in_het_kraton_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_60025428.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayang-wong dansvoorstelling met twee gemaskerde dansers waaronder één voorstellende Hanuman tijdens een ontvangst in het kraton van Yogyakarta"><img alt="Wayang-wong dansvoorstelling met twee gemaskerde dansers waaronder één voorstellende Hanuman tijdens een ontvangst in het kraton van Yogyakarta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Wajang-wong_dansvoorstelling_met_twee_gemaskerde_dansers_waaronder_%C3%A9%C3%A9n_voorstellende_Hanuman_tijdens_een_ontvangst_in_het_kraton_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_60025428.jpg/120px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Wajang-wong_dansvoorstelling_met_twee_gemaskerde_dansers_waaronder_%C3%A9%C3%A9n_voorstellende_Hanuman_tijdens_een_ontvangst_in_het_kraton_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_60025428.jpg/180px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Wajang-wong_dansvoorstelling_met_twee_gemaskerde_dansers_waaronder_%C3%A9%C3%A9n_voorstellende_Hanuman_tijdens_een_ontvangst_in_het_kraton_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_60025428.jpg/240px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Wayang" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang">Wayang</a>-wong dansvoorstelling met twee ge<a href="/wiki/Masker" title="Masker">maskerde</a> dansers waaronder één voorstellende <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> tijdens een ontvangst in het <a href="/wiki/Kraton_(onderdistrict)" title="Kraton (onderdistrict)">kraton</a> van <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogyakarta (hoofdbetekenis)">Yogyakarta</a> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bibliografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uitgave">Uitgave</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Uitgave" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Uitgave"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vālmīki, <i>Rāmāyaṇa. Critical Edition</i>, bezorgd door G. H. Bhatt en Umakant Premanand Shah, 7 dln., Oriental Institute, Baroda, 1960-1975</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vertalingen">Vertalingen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vertalingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vertalingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki. An Epic of Ancient India</i>, vertaald door Robert P. Goldman e.a., 7 dln., 1984-2016</li> <li><i>Le Râmâyana de Vâlmîki illustré par les miniatures indiennes du XVIe au XIXe siècles</i>, integrale vertaling uit het Sanskriet, 7 dln., 2011, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9782903656768" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9782903656768">ISBN 9782903656768</a></span></li> <li>Valmiki, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rama/index.htm">Ramayana</a></i>, Engelse vertaling van Ralph T. H. Griffith, 1870-74</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ingekorte_versies_en_bloemlezingen">Ingekorte versies en bloemlezingen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ingekorte versies en bloemlezingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ingekorte versies en bloemlezingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arsfloreat.nl/documents/Ramayana1.pdf">De Ramayana van Valmiki. Deel I. Balakanda - Rama's jeugd</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pdf-document"><img alt="Pdf-document" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/16px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/24px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/32px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span>, vertaald uit het Engels van de Goldman-editie, Stichting School voor Filosofie, 2004</li> <li><i>Ramayana. Een oud-Indisch epos vol mythen en religieuze beschouwingen</i>, vertaald uit het Sanskriet door <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Verbruggen" title="Hendrik Verbruggen">Hendrik Verbruggen</a>, 1992, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789062718283" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789062718283">ISBN 9789062718283</a></span></li> <li><i>Ramayana. De prins van Ayodhya</i>, Nederlandse vertaling door <a href="/wiki/Georges_van_Vrekhem" title="Georges van Vrekhem">Georges van Vreckhem</a> van de Engelse navertelling door D.S. Sarma, 1987, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789020233148" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789020233148">ISBN 9789020233148</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ramayana#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ramayana">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-klein toccolours noprint" style="box-sizing:border-box; display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; font-size:85%; clear:right; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; padding:0.5em; width:270px;"> <div style="min-width:fit-content;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> heeft mediabestanden in de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ramayana#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ramayana">Ramayana</a></b></i>.</div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-ramayana-of-valmiki">Ramayana van Valmiki</a> Volledige Engelse vertaling door Hari Prasad Shastri, 1952 (verbeterde versie met ingebouwd woordenboek)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arsfloreat.nl/documents/Ramayana1.pdf">Ramayana deel 1 NL</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pdf-document"><img alt="Pdf-document" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/16px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/24px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg/32px-Icons-mini-file_pdf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070113034155/http://www.valmikiramayan.net/">Ramayana Engels</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A.David-Neel (1934), <i>The Superhuman Life of Gesar of Ling</i>, New York, p. 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Niet hetzelfde als <a href="/wiki/Papyrus_(schrift)" title="Papyrus (schrift)">papyrus</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style 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title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Hindoeïsme" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">Hindoeïsme</a></div> <div class="navigatie-afb-groot noviewer"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:DevanagariAum.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hindoeïstisch symbool"><img alt="Hindoeïstisch symbool" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/DevanagariAum.svg/40px-DevanagariAum.svg.png" decoding="async" 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cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Shruti" title="Shruti">Shruti</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts">Vier <i><a href="/wiki/Veda%27s" title="Veda's">Veda's</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Yajoerveda" title="Yajoerveda">Yajoerveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i>), elk onderverdeeld in <i><a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhita's</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Brahmana_(geschrift)" title="Brahmana (geschrift)">brahmana's</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">aranyaka's</a></i> en <i><a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">upanishads</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Smriti" title="Smriti">Smriti</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedanga's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Itihasa" title="Itihasa">Itihasa</a></i> (<i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ramayana</a></i> en <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i>) · <i><a href="/wiki/Purana%27s" title="Purana's">Purana's</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kavya (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kavya</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dharmasoetra" title="Dharmasoetra">Dharmasoetra's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dharmashastra" title="Dharmashastra">Dharmashastra</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nibandha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nibandha (de pagina bestaat niet)">Nibandha's</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Concepten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Varna_(groep)" title="Varna (groep)">Varna</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ashrama" title="Ashrama">Ashrama</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brahman_(filosofisch_concept)" title="Brahman (filosofisch concept)">Brahman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Atman_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Atman (hindoeïsme)">Atman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">Samsara</a> · <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Purushartha" title="Purushartha">Purushartha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dharma_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Dharma (hindoeïsme)">dharma</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artha (de pagina bestaat niet)">artha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kama_(filosofie)" title="Kama (filosofie)">kama</a> en <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksa</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Purusa" title="Purusa">Purusa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Prakrti" title="Prakrti">Prakrti</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFstische_filosofie" title="Hindoeïstische filosofie">Filosofische scholen</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mimamsa" title="Mimamsa">Mimamsa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Stromingen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavisme" title="Vaishnavisme">Vaishnavisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shaivisme" title="Shaivisme">Shaivisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shaktisme" title="Shaktisme">Shaktisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Smartisme" title="Smartisme">Smartisme</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Godheden_en_teksten_binnen_het_hindoeïsme"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_hindoe%C3%AFstische_goden_en_teksten" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie hindoeïstische goden en teksten"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_hindoe%C3%AFstische_goden_en_teksten&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Godheden_en_teksten_binnen_het_hindoeïsme" class="navigatie-titel">Godheden en teksten binnen het <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">hindoeïsme</a></div> <div class="navigatie-afb-groot noviewer"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:HinduSwastika.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="HindoeSwastika"><img alt="HindoeSwastika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/30px-HinduSwastika.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/45px-HinduSwastika.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/60px-HinduSwastika.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="145" /></a></span></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Godin" title="Godin">Godinnen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Aditi" title="Aditi">Aditi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Danu_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Danu (hindoeïsme)">Danu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dakshayani" title="Dakshayani">Dakshayani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Devi_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Devi (hindoeïsme)">Devi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ganga_(godin)" title="Ganga (godin)">Ganga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gayatri" title="Gayatri">Gayatri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kali_(godin)" title="Kali (godin)">Kali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mariamman" title="Mariamman">Mariamman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Minakshi" title="Minakshi">Minakshi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saptamatrika" title="Saptamatrika">Saptamatrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_(godin)" title="Sarasvati (godin)">Sarasvati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sita_(godin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita (godin)">Sita</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/God_(algemeen)" title="God (algemeen)">Goden</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Aditya" title="Aditya">Aditya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aryaman" title="Aryaman">Aryaman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brahma_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Brahma (hindoeïsme)">Brahma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Deva_(godheid)" title="Deva (godheid)">Deva</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hanoeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanoeman">Hanoeman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indra_(mythologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indra (mythologie)">Indra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kalkin_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkin (hindoeïsme)">Kalkin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kasyapa_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Kasyapa (hindoeïsme)">Kashyapa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Krishna_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna (god)">Krishna</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marichi" title="Marichi">Marichi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mithra_(god)" title="Mithra (god)">Mitra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Murugan" title="Murugan">Murugan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Narayana" title="Narayana">Narayana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> · <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tandava" title="Tandava">Tandava</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varuna_(god)" title="Varuna (god)">Varuna</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Overig:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Asura_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Asura (hindoeïsme)">Asura</a> · <a href="/wiki/Garoeda" title="Garoeda">Garoeda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a> · <a href="/wiki/Koerma" title="Koerma">Koerma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Manu_(mythologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Manu (mythologie)">Manu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Naga_(bovennatuurlijk_wezen)" title="Naga (bovennatuurlijk wezen)">Naga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Purusa" title="Purusa">Purusha</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vim%C4%81na" title="Vimāna">Vimāna</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vishvarupa" title="Vishvarupa">Vishvarupa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Yaksha_(god)" title="Yaksha (god)">Yaksha</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Teksten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a> · <a href="/wiki/Devi_Mahatmya" title="Devi Mahatmya">Devi Mahatmya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Itihasa" title="Itihasa">Itihasa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rig-Veda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Purana%27s" title="Purana's">Purana's</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ramayana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">Upanishads</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veda%27s" title="Veda's">Veda's</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&oldid=68078921">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ramayana&oldid=68078921</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Religieus_boek" title="Categorie:Religieus 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