Un equip de la UB presenta un innovador estudi teòric per explicar les propietats anòmales de l’aigua - Actualitat

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No obstant això, encara hi ha moltes incògnites sobre els mecanismes moleculars que explicarien les anomalies que fan única la molècula de l’aigua. Desxifrar i reproduir el comportament particular de l’aigua en diferents rangs de temperatures és encara un gran desafiament per a la comunitat científica. </strong><br /> <br /> Ara un estudi presenta un nou model teòric capaç de superar les limitacions de metodologies anteriors per entendre com es comporta l’aigua en condicions extremes. Giancarlo Franzese i Luis Enrique Coronas, de la Facultat de Física i l’Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia de la UB (IN2UB), lideren el treball,  destacat a la portada de la revista <a href="https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-abstract/161/16/164502/3317715/Phase-behavior-of-metastable-water-from-large?redirectedFrom=fulltext"><em>The Journal of Chemical Physics</em></a>.</p> <p>La recerca no tan sols amplia la comprensió de la física de l’aigua, sinó que té implicacions en els àmbits de la tecnologia, la biologia i la biomedicina, especialment per abordar el tractament de malalties neurodegeneratives i el desenvolupament de biotecnologies avançades.</p>", } </script> <link class="lfr-css-file" data-senna-track="temporary" href="https://estatics.web.ub.edu/o/ub-theme/css/main.css?browserId=ie&themeId=ub_WAR_ubtheme&minifierType=css&languageId=ca_ES&t=1731335288000" id="liferayThemeCSS" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <style data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/css"> 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src="/documents/2710030/24757712/journalcoverDEF.jpg/ad1acba1-54a3-e94c-ea76-4dcdadc57ca1?t=1731577077512"></picture></picture> </div> <div class="novedad-categories mb-2"> <span class="category">Notícia</span> <span class="separador">|</span> <span class="category">Recerca</span> </div> <div class="novedad-fecha">14/11/2024</div> <div class="novedad-description"><p><strong>L’aigua, una molècula essencial per a la vida, presenta unes propietats inusuals —conegudes com a <em>anomalies</em>— que en defineixen el comportament. No obstant això, encara hi ha moltes incògnites sobre els mecanismes moleculars que explicarien les anomalies que fan única la molècula de l’aigua. Desxifrar i reproduir el comportament particular de l’aigua en diferents rangs de temperatures és encara un gran desafiament per a la comunitat científica. </strong><br> <br> Ara un estudi presenta un nou model teòric capaç de superar les limitacions de metodologies anteriors per entendre com es comporta l’aigua en condicions extremes. Giancarlo Franzese i Luis Enrique Coronas, de la Facultat de Física i l’Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia de la UB (IN2UB), lideren el treball,  destacat a la portada de la revista <a href="https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-abstract/161/16/164502/3317715/Phase-behavior-of-metastable-water-from-large?redirectedFrom=fulltext"><em>The Journal of Chemical Physics</em></a>.</p> <p>La recerca no tan sols amplia la comprensió de la física de l’aigua, sinó que té implicacions en els àmbits de la tecnologia, la biologia i la biomedicina, especialment per abordar el tractament de malalties neurodegeneratives i el desenvolupament de biotecnologies avançades.</p></div> <div class="novedad-description mt-3 mb-2"></div> </div> </section> <section class="novedad-header d-none d-md-block"> <div class="container-xl p-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-5 pl-md-2"> <div class="image-container"> <picture data-fileentryid="29218183"><source media="(max-width:227px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29218183/Thumbnail-300x300/journalcoverDEF.jpg?t=1731577077512"><source media="(max-width:720px) and (min-width:227px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29218183/Preview-1000x0/journalcoverDEF.jpg?t=1731577077512"><picture data-fileentryid="29218183"><source media="(max-width:227px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29218183/Thumbnail-300x300/journalcoverDEF.jpg?t=1731577077512"><source media="(max-width:720px) and (min-width:227px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29218183/Preview-1000x0/journalcoverDEF.jpg?t=1731577077512"><img class="novedad-image" alt="" data-fileentryid="29218183" src="/documents/2710030/24757712/journalcoverDEF.jpg/ad1acba1-54a3-e94c-ea76-4dcdadc57ca1?t=1731577077512"></picture></picture> </div> </div> <div class="col-7 position-relative d-flex flex-column"> <div class="novedad-categories mb-2"> <span class="category">Notícia</span> <span class="separador">|</span> <span class="category">Recerca</span> </div> <div class="novedad-fecha">14/11/2024</div> <div class="novedad-description"><p><strong>L’aigua, una molècula essencial per a la vida, presenta unes propietats inusuals —conegudes com a <em>anomalies</em>— que en defineixen el comportament. No obstant això, encara hi ha moltes incògnites sobre els mecanismes moleculars que explicarien les anomalies que fan única la molècula de l’aigua. Desxifrar i reproduir el comportament particular de l’aigua en diferents rangs de temperatures és encara un gran desafiament per a la comunitat científica. </strong><br> <br> Ara un estudi presenta un nou model teòric capaç de superar les limitacions de metodologies anteriors per entendre com es comporta l’aigua en condicions extremes. Giancarlo Franzese i Luis Enrique Coronas, de la Facultat de Física i l’Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia de la UB (IN2UB), lideren el treball,  destacat a la portada de la revista <a href="https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-abstract/161/16/164502/3317715/Phase-behavior-of-metastable-water-from-large?redirectedFrom=fulltext"><em>The Journal of Chemical Physics</em></a>.</p> <p>La recerca no tan sols amplia la comprensió de la física de l’aigua, sinó que té implicacions en els àmbits de la tecnologia, la biologia i la biomedicina, especialment per abordar el tractament de malalties neurodegeneratives i el desenvolupament de biotecnologies avançades.</p></div> <div class="novedad-description mt-4 mb-2"></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="cuerpo-texto container-xl"> <div class="novedad-cuerpo"><p><strong>El model CVF: comprendre millor la física de l’aigua</strong></p> <p>La recerca, que deriva de la tesi doctoral de Luis E. Coronas —defensada el 2023 a la Facultat de Física de la UB—, presenta un nou model teòric que respon a les sigles CVF (les inicials dels cognoms dels investigadors Luis E. Coronas, Oriol Vilanova i Giancarlo Franzese). El nou model CVF es caracteritza per ser fiable, eficient, escalable i transferible, i incorpora càlculs quàntics <em>ab initio</em> que reprodueixen amb precisió les propietats termodinàmiques de l’aigua sota diferents condicions.</p> <p>Mitjançant l’aplicació del nou marc teòric, l’estudi revela que «existeix un punt crític entre dues formes líquides d’aigua, que és l’origen de les anomalies que fan que l’aigua sigui única i essencial per a la vida, així com per a moltes aplicacions tecnològiques», detalla el professor Giancarlo Franzese, de la Secció de Física Estadística del Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada. «Encara que aquesta conclusió ja s’havia aconseguit en altres models d’aigua, cap té les característiques específiques del model que hem desenvolupat en aquest estudi», prossegueix Franzese.</p></div> </section> <section class="novedad-texto-destacado"> <div class="container-xl text-center">Alguns dels models actuals per explicar les anomalies de l’aigua no són capaços de reproduir adequadament les propietats termodinàmiques de l’aigua, com, per exemple, la compressibilitat i la capacitat calorífica.</div> </section> <section class="cuerpo-texto container-xl mb-5"> <div class="novedad-cuerpo"><p>El professor Franzese admet que, «no obstant això, el model CVF aconsegueix fer-ho perquè incorpora resultats de càlculs quàntics <em>ab initio</em> sobre interaccions entre molècules. Aquestes interaccions, també conegudes com a <em>interaccions de molts cossos</em>, van més enllà de la física clàssica i es deuen al fet que les molècules d’aigua comparteixen electrons d’una manera difícil de mesurar experimentalment».</p> <p>Segons l’estudi, «les fluctuacions de densitat, energia i entropia de l’aigua estan regulades per aquestes interaccions quàntiques, amb efectes que van des de l’escala nanomètrica fins a la macroscòpica», detalla l’investigador Luis E. Coronas. «Per exemple, l’aigua regula l’intercanvi d’energia i molècules, així com l’estat d’agregació de proteïnes i àcids nucleics a les cèl·lules. Se sospita que defectes en aquests processos poden causar malalties greus com l’Alzheimer, el Parkinson i l’esclerosi lateral amiotròfica. Per tant, entendre com les fluctuacions de l’aigua contribueixen en aquests processos podria ser clau per trobar tractaments contra aquestes patologies», continua Coronas.</p> <p><strong>Impulsar el desenvolupament de noves biotecnologies  </strong></p> <p>El model CVF també ofereix nous avantatges, que permeten fer càlculs en què altres models fallen, pel fet que són molt pesats computacionalment o bé perquè es desvien significativament dels resultats experimentals.</p> <p>En l’àmbit del desenvolupament tecnològic, alguns laboratoris treballen en biotecnologies per reemplaçar músculs (actuadors mecànics) que aprofiten les interaccions quàntiques de l’aigua; memòries a base d’aigua (<em>water-based memristors</em>) per crear dispositius de memòria (amb una capacitat milions de vegades més gran que els habituals), o bé aplicar esponges de grafè que separen l’aigua d’impureses gràcies a les fluctuacions de densitat de l’aigua en nanoporus.</p> <p>També hi ha implicacions en la comprensió de la física de l’aigua. «Aquest model pot reproduir les propietats de l’aigua líquida en pràcticament totes les temperatures i pressions que hi ha al planeta, encara que es desvia en condicions extremes aconseguides en laboratoris», detallen els experts. «Això demostra que els efectes no inclosos en el model —els efectes quàntics nuclears—  també són importants en aquestes pressions i temperatures extremes. Així, les limitacions del model ens guien cap a on cal millorar per arribar a tenir-ne una formulació definitiva», conclouen.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Article de referència:</strong></p> <p>Coronas, Luis Enrique; Franzese, Giancarlo. <a href="https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-abstract/161/16/164502/3317715/Phase-behavior-of-metastable-water-from-large?redirectedFrom=fulltext">«Phase behavior of metastable water from large-scale simulations of a quantitatively accurate model near ambient conditions: The liquid–liquid critical point»</a>. <em>The Journal of Chemical Physics</em>, octubre de 2024. DOI: 10.1063/5.0219313</p></div> </section> <hr> <div class="container-xl pl-2 pr-2"> <div class="glider-contain px-0 news"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="row glider-ub pr-2"> <div class="col"> <h2 class="slider-title pl-2">Galeria multimèdia</h2> </div> <div class="col-auto ml-auto d-sm-none d-none btnArrow"> <div class="d-flex"> <button aria-label="Anterior" class="glider-prev"><span></span></button> <button aria-label="Següent" class="glider-next"><span></span></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="glider"> <div class=""> <div class="border"> <div class="ub-modal-gallery"> <div class="ub-modal-item image-item" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Amplia la imatge"> <picture data-fileentryid="29217981"><source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29217981/Thumbnail-300x300/Dr.GiancarloFranzese.jpg?t=1731576893694"><source media="(max-width:720px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29217981/Preview-1000x0/Dr.GiancarloFranzese.jpg?t=1731576893694"><img width="427" height="306" alt="" src="/documents/2710030/24757712/Dr.GiancarloFranzese.jpg/0a6eb3ab-05f1-f40d-0cb7-d882980e712f?t=1731576893694" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> </div> <div class="p-4"> <h3> El professor Giancarlo Franzese, de la Secció de Física Estadística del Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada de la UB. </h3> <p class="m-0"></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="border"> <div class="ub-modal-gallery"> <div class="ub-modal-item image-item" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="Amplia la imatge"> <picture data-fileentryid="29217996"><source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29217996/Thumbnail-300x300/Dr.LuisEnriqueCoronasDEF.jpg?t=1731576937527"><source media="(max-width:720px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="/o/adaptive-media/image/29217996/Preview-1000x0/Dr.LuisEnriqueCoronasDEF.jpg?t=1731576937527"><img width="427" height="306" alt="" src="/documents/2710030/24757712/Dr.LuisEnriqueCoronasDEF.jpg/738802e1-12db-3165-c94a-c4f369ba8804?t=1731576937527" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> </div> <div class="p-4"> <h3> La nova recerca deriva de la tesi doctoral de Luis E. Coronas, defensada el 2023 a la Facultat de Física de la UB. </h3> <p class="m-0"></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script defer> var screenXL = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--breakpoint-xl").slice(0, -2), //1200 screenLG = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--breakpoint-lg").slice(0, -2),//992 screenMD = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--breakpoint-md").slice(0, -2);//768 screenSM = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--breakpoint-sm").slice(0, -2);//576 Liferay.on('allPortletsReady', function(e) { new Glider(document.querySelector('.glider'), { slidesToShow: 1,//El número de diapositivas que se mostrarán en el contenedor. 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'\x2fc\x2fportal\x2frender_portlet\x3fp_l_id\x3d1919\x26p_p_id\x3dcom_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet\x26p_p_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_t_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_p_state\x3dnormal\x26p_p_mode\x3dview\x26p_p_col_id\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_pos\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_count\x3dnull\x26p_p_static\x3d1\x26p_p_isolated\x3d1\x26currentURL\x3d\x252Fweb\x252Factualitat\x252Fw\x252Fpropietats-anomales-aigua\x253Ftn\x253Dnp', refreshURLData: {} } ); Liferay.Portlet.register('com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto'); Liferay.Portlet.onLoad( { canEditTitle: false, columnPos: 0, isStatic: 'end', namespacedId: 'p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto_', portletId: 'com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto', refreshURL: 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'\x2fc\x2fportal\x2frender_portlet\x3fp_l_id\x3d1919\x26p_p_id\x3dcom_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto\x26p_p_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_t_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_p_state\x3dnormal\x26p_p_mode\x3dview\x26p_p_col_id\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_pos\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_count\x3dnull\x26p_p_static\x3d1\x26p_p_isolated\x3d1\x26currentURL\x3d\x252Fweb\x252Factualitat\x252Fw\x252Fpropietats-anomales-aigua\x253Ftn\x253Dnp', refreshURLData: {} } ); Liferay.Portlet.register('com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto'); Liferay.Portlet.onLoad( { canEditTitle: false, columnPos: 0, isStatic: 'end', namespacedId: 'p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto_', portletId: 'com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto', refreshURL: 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'\x2fc\x2fportal\x2frender_portlet\x3fp_l_id\x3d1919\x26p_p_id\x3dcom_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_contacto\x26p_p_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_t_lifecycle\x3d0\x26p_p_state\x3dnormal\x26p_p_mode\x3dview\x26p_p_col_id\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_pos\x3dnull\x26p_p_col_count\x3dnull\x26p_p_static\x3d1\x26p_p_isolated\x3d1\x26currentURL\x3d\x252Fweb\x252Factualitat\x252Fw\x252Fpropietats-anomales-aigua\x253Ftn\x253Dnp', refreshURLData: {} } ); Liferay.Portlet.register('com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_footerinstituciones'); Liferay.Portlet.onLoad( { canEditTitle: false, columnPos: 0, isStatic: 'end', namespacedId: 'p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_footerinstituciones_', portletId: 'com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_footerinstituciones', refreshURL: 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decodeURIComponent(params); window.location.href = decoded; } Liferay.on('allPortletsReady', function() { document.querySelector('.btnSearch').addEventListener("click", () => { let propuestasHtml = '<div class="propuestas">'; propuestasHtml += '<span class="propuestas-title">També et pot interessar...</span>'; propuestasHtml += '<a class="propuesta-link" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="launchPropuestaSearch(\'Arxiu històric\')">Arxiu històric</a>'; propuestasHtml += '<a class="propuesta-link" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="launchPropuestaSearch(\'Beques i ajuts\')">Beques i ajuts</a>'; propuestasHtml += '<a class="propuesta-link" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="launchPropuestaSearch(\'Responsabilitat social\')">Responsabilitat social</a>'; propuestasHtml += '</div>'; document.getElementById('theme-search-propuestas').innerHTML = propuestasHtml; }); }); </script></body> </html>

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