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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Protista" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Protista" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Protista" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Protista" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah_klasifikasi_protista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah_klasifikasi_protista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah klasifikasi protista</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah_klasifikasi_protista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikasi_tradisional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikasi_tradisional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Klasifikasi tradisional</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Klasifikasi_tradisional-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Klasifikasi tradisional</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Klasifikasi_tradisional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Protozoa,_protista_yang_menyerupai_hewan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protozoa,_protista_yang_menyerupai_hewan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Protozoa, protista yang menyerupai hewan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protozoa,_protista_yang_menyerupai_hewan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Algae,_protista_yang_menyerupai_tumbuhan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Algae,_protista_yang_menyerupai_tumbuhan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Algae, protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Algae,_protista_yang_menyerupai_tumbuhan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protista_yang_menyerupai_jamur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protista_yang_menyerupai_jamur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Protista yang menyerupai jamur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protista_yang_menyerupai_jamur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikasi_modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikasi_modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Klasifikasi modern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasifikasi_modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metabolisme,_reproduksi,_dan_peranan_protista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metabolisme,_reproduksi,_dan_peranan_protista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Metabolisme, reproduksi, dan peranan protista</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metabolisme,_reproduksi,_dan_peranan_protista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pemanfaatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pemanfaatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pemanfaatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pemanfaatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Bibliografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Umum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Umum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Umum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Umum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fisiologi,_ekologi_dan_paleontologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fisiologi,_ekologi_dan_paleontologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Fisiologi, ekologi dan paleontologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fisiologi,_ekologi_dan_paleontologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Protista</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 114 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protis" title="Protis – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Protis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisten" title="Protisten – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Protisten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D" title="प्रोटिस्ट् – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="प्रोटिस्ट्" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="طلائعيات – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طلائعيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="طلائعيات – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طلائعيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="প্ৰটিষ্টা – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="প্ৰটিষ্টা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0btidail%C9%99r" title="İbtidailər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İbtidailər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1" title="پروتیستلر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پروتیستلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Протистар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Протистар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist%C4%81" title="Protistā – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Protistā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Пратысты – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пратысты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Пратысты – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пратысты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Протисти – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Протисти" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F" title="প্রোটিস্ট – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রোটিস্ট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisti" title="Protisti – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Protisti" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protists" title="Protists – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Protists" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B4%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شانشینی پێشەنگییەکان – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شانشینی پێشەنگییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist%C3%A9" title="Protisté – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Protisté" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protister" title="Protister – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Protister" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisten" title="Protisten – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Protisten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Πρώτιστα – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρώτιστα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistoj" title="Protistoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Protistoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistid" title="Protistid – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Protistid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisto" title="Protisto – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Protisto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آغازیان – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آغازیان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkueli%C3%B6t" title="Alkueliöt – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alkueliöt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistiq" title="Protistiq – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Protistiq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uurdiarten" title="Uurdiarten – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Uurdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3taisteach" title="Prótaisteach – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Prótaisteach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistas" title="Protistas – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Protistas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פרוטיסטים – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרוטיסטים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="प्रजीव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रजीव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoktisti" title="Protoktisti – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Protoktisti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwotis" title="Pwotis – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pwotis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protiszt%C3%A1k" title="Protiszták – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Protiszták" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisto" title="Protisto – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Protisto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protiste" title="Protiste – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Protiste" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisto" title="Protisto – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Protisto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumverur" title="Frumverur – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frumverur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="原生生物 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="原生生物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pruotis" title="Pruotis – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Pruotis" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პროტისტები – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პროტისტები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Споралылар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Споралылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪ್ರೊಟಿಸ್ಟ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ರೊಟಿಸ್ಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%83%9D%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="원생생물 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원생생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisten" title="Protisten – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Protisten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistai" title="Protistai – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Protistai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisti" title="Protisti – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Protisti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Протисти – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Протисти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1" title="പ്രോട്ടിസ്റ്റ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രോട്ടിസ്റ്റ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Протист – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Протист" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protis" title="Protis – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Protis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD" title="မူလသက်ရှိ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မူလသက်ရှိ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisten" title="Protisten – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Protisten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisten" title="Protisten – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Protisten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistar" title="Protistar – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Protistar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoktister" title="Protoktister – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Protoktister" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirootistaa" title="Pirootistaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Pirootistaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F" title="ਪਰੋਟਿਸਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਰੋਟਿਸਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisty" title="Protisty – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Protisty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B3%D9%B9" title="پروٹسٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پروٹسٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%27ulla_kawsaykuq" title="Ch'ulla kawsaykuq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ch'ulla kawsaykuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protiste" title="Protiste – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Protiste" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Протисты – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Протисты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Протистар – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Протистар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisti" title="Protisti – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Protisti" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="ප්‍රෝටිස්ටා රාජධානිය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රෝටිස්ටා රාජධානිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist" title="Protist – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Protist" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protisti" title="Protisti – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Protisti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brotista" title="Brotista – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Brotista" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Протисти – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Протисти" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protister" title="Protister – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Protister" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="அதிநுண்ணுயிரி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அதிநுண்ணுயிரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE" title="ప్రోటిస్టా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రోటిస్టా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%93%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Оғозиён – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оғозиён" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="โพรทิสต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โพรทิสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%CA%BBamo%CA%BBuimu%CA%BBa" title="Meʻamoʻuimuʻa – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Meʻamoʻuimuʻa" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistler" title="Protistler – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Protistler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Протистлар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Протистлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Протисти – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Протисти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%81" title="یک خلوی عضویہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یک خلوی عضویہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistad" title="Protistad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Protistad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt_nguy%C3%AAn_sinh" title="Sinh vật nguyên sinh – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh vật nguyên sinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protista" title="Protista – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Protista" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="原生生物 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="原生生物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="פראטיסטן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פראטיסטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="原生生物 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="原生生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C3%A2n-seng_seng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Goân-seng seng-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Goân-seng seng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="原生生物 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="原生生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10892#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Protista" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Protista"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Protista"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Protista" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Protista" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&oldid=26262308" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Protista&id=26262308&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FProtista"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FProtista"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Protista"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Protista&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Protista" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Protista" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispesies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link 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mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota biota-infobox"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="background:rgb(245,215,255);">Protista<div><small>Rentang waktu: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Paleoproterozoikum" title="Paleoproterozoikum">Paleoproterozoikum</a> – <a href="/wiki/Holocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocene">Sekarang</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; font-size:small; position:relative; z-index:0;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,192,141); left:220.3317371589px; width:15.928901267087px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,197,202); left:236.26063842598px; width:10.153990326614px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(242,249,29); left:246.4146287526px; width:3.5853712474027px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(154,217,221); left:220.3317371589px; width:28.573492994568px;"><a href="/wiki/Fanerozoikum" title="Fanerozoikum"><span style="color:black;">Fa.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,67,112); left:113.1537691831px; width:49.264643094082px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,180,98); left:162.41841227719px; width:32.843095396055px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,179,66); left:195.26150767324px; width:25.070229485655px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,53,99); left:113.1537691831px; width:107.17796797579px;"><a href="/wiki/Proterozoikum" title="Proterozoikum"><span style="color:black;">Proterozoikum</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(218,3,127); left:41.993729158319px; width:10.947698465352px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(244,68,159); left:52.941427623671px; width:21.895396930703px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,104,169); left:74.836824554374px; width:21.895396930703px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(249,155,193); left:96.732221485077px; width:16.421547698027px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,4,127); left:41.993729158319px; width:71.160040024786px;"><a href="/wiki/Arkaikum" title="Arkaikum"><span style="color:black;">Arkaikum</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(174,2,126); left:0px; width:41.993729158319px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(174,2,126); left:0px; width:41.993729158319px;"><a href="/wiki/Hadaikum" title="Hadaikum"><span style="color:white;">Had.</span></a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:249px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:135.04916611381px; width:114.95083388619px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:135.04916611381px; width:114.95083388619px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:136.04916611381px; width:112.95083388619px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></small></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="image-section"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Protist_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Protist_collage.jpg/220px-Protist_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Protist_collage.jpg/330px-Protist_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Protist_collage.jpg/440px-Protist_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1062" data-file-height="1216" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="min-width:15em;text-align:center;background:rgb(245,215,255);"><a href="/wiki/Taksonomi_(biologi)" title="Taksonomi (biologi)">Klasifikasi ilmiah</a><span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Taxonomy/Eukaryota" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span><div style="font-weight:normal;">(parafiletik)</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="background:rgb(245,215,255);">Klasifikasi </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="section-content"> <ul><li><b>Kelompok yang tidak termasuk</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Supergrup<sup id="cite_ref-Adl2012_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl2012-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan filum khas</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a> (sebagian)</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alga_merah" title="Alga merah">Rhodophyta</a> (alga merah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Supergrup_SAR" title="Supergrup SAR">SAR</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Stramenopila" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopila">Stramenopila</a></b> (alga coklat, diatom, oomycetes, ...)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apicomplexa" title="Apicomplexa">Apicomplexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciliophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciliophora">Ciliophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinoflagellata" title="Dinoflagellata">Dinoflagellata</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cercozoa" title="Cercozoa">Cercozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foraminifera" title="Foraminifera">Foraminifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiolaria" title="Radiolaria">Radiolaria</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglenozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percolozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Percolozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Percolozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamonada" title="Metamonada">Metamonada</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hacrobia" title="Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Apusozoa" title="Apusozoa">Apusozoa</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a> (sebagian)</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choanozoa" title="Choanozoa">Choanozoa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26258645">.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox{text-align:left;width:200px;font-size:100%}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td:not(.image-section){padding:2px 10px}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox th.section-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.section-content{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.list-section{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.taxon-section{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.image-section{text-align:center;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy{margin:0 auto;text-align:left;background:transparent;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy tr{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy td{padding:1px}</style> <p><b>Protista</b> adalah <a href="/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme">mikroorganisme</a> <a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">eukariota</a> yang bukan <a href="/wiki/Hewan" title="Hewan">hewan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a>, atau <a href="/wiki/Jamur" title="Jamur">jamur</a>. Mereka pernah dikelompokkan ke dalam satu <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_(biologi)" title="Kerajaan (biologi)">kerajaan</a> bernama <i>protista</i>, tetapi sekarang tidak dipertahankan lagi.<sup id="cite_ref-Simonite2005_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simonite2005-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Penggunaannya masih digunakan untuk kepentingan kajian <a href="/wiki/Ekologi" title="Ekologi">ekologi</a> dan morfologi bagi semua <a href="/wiki/Organisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisme">organisme</a> <a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">eukariotik</a> bersel tunggal yang hidup secara mandiri atau, jika membentuk <a href="/wiki/Koloni" title="Koloni">koloni</a>, bersama-sama namun tidak menunjukkan diferensiasi menjadi <a href="/wiki/Jaringan" title="Jaringan">jaringan</a> yang berbeda-beda.<sup id="cite_ref-Adl_05_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl_05-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dari sudut pandang taksonomi, pengelompokan ini ditinggalkan karena bersifat <a href="/wiki/Kladistika" title="Kladistika">parafiletik</a>. Organisme dalam Protista tidak memiliki kesamaan, kecuali pengelompokan yang mudah<sup id="cite_ref-urlSystematics_of_the_Eukaryota_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlSystematics_of_the_Eukaryota-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—baik yang <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Organisme_multiseluler" title="Organisme multiseluler">bersel banyak</a> tanpa memiliki <a href="/wiki/Jaringan_(biologi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaringan (biologi)">jaringan</a>. Protista hidup di hampir semua lingkungan yang mengandung air. Kebanyakan anggota protista berasal dari protozoa dan alga.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banyak protista, seperti <a href="/wiki/Algae" class="mw-redirect" title="Algae">algae</a>, adalah <a href="/wiki/Fotosintesis" title="Fotosintesis">fotosintetik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Produsen_primer" title="Produsen primer">produsen primer</a> vital dalam ekosistem, khususnya di laut sebagai bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">plankton</a>. Protista lain, seperti <a href="/wiki/Kinetoplastea" title="Kinetoplastea">Kinetoplastid</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Apicomplexa" title="Apicomplexa">Apicomplexa</a>, adalah penyakit berbahaya bagi manusia, seperti <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tripanosomiasis" title="Tripanosomiasis">tripanosomiasis</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah_klasifikasi_protista">Sejarah klasifikasi protista</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah klasifikasi protista" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah klasifikasi protista"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Tahun 1830-an, Protista pertama kali diusulkan untuk dipisah dari makhluk hidup lain, oleh pakar biologi Jerman, Georg A. Goldfuss yang memperkenalkan istilah <i><a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a></i> yang meliputi <a href="/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata">Ciliata</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Coral" class="mw-redirect" title="Coral">Coral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scamardella1999_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scamardella1999-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tahun 1845, penganut Goldfuss mengembangkannya agar meliputi semua hewan <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a> seperti <a href="/wiki/Foraminifera" title="Foraminifera">Foraminifera</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ameba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ameba">Ameba</a>.</li> <li>Awal 1860-an, istilah <i>Protoctista</i> sebagai kategori klasifikasi pertama kali diusulkan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hogg (halaman belum tersedia)">John Hogg</a>, yang menganggap protista harus juga meliputi apa yang dia sebut dengan hewan dan tumbuhan primitif <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a>. Dia mendefinisikan Protoctista sebagai kingdom keempat setelah tumbuhan, hewan, dan mineral.<sup id="cite_ref-Scamardella1999_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scamardella1999-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kemudian kingdom mineral dibuang oleh <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Ernst Haeckel</a>, tersisa tumbuhan, hewan, dan protista.<sup id="cite_ref-Rothschild1989_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rothschild1989-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tahun 1938, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Copeland" title="Herbert Copeland">Herbert Copeland</a> menghidupkan lagi klasifikasi Hogg. Menurutnya, "Protoctista" secara harfiah berarti "makhluk hidup pertama". Dia menyanggah istilah Haeckel <i>protista</i> karena meliputi mikrob tak berinti sel seperti <a href="/wiki/Bakteri" title="Bakteri">Bakteri</a>, sementara istilah <i>protoctista</i> tidak meliputinya. Sebaliknya, <i>protoctista</i> meliputi <a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">eukaryota</a> <a href="/wiki/Inti_sel" title="Inti sel">berinti sel</a> seperti <a href="/wiki/Diatom" title="Diatom">diatom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alga_hijau" title="Alga hijau">alga hijau</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">fungi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Copeland1938_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copeland1938-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Perombakan besar oleh Copeland ini kemudian menjadi dasar dari klasifikasi Whittaker yang hanya membagi Protoctista menjadi Protista dan <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whittaker1959_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whittaker1959-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kingdom Protista ini kemudian berfungsi sebagai pembeda antara <a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryota">prokaryota</a> yang dimasukkan kingdom <a href="/wiki/Monera" title="Monera">Monera</a>, dan mikroorganisme eukaryotik yang dimasukkan Protista definisi Whittaker.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_(biologi)" title="Kerajaan (biologi)">Sistem lima kingdom</a> bertahan hingga ditemukannya <a href="/wiki/Filogenetika_molekuler" title="Filogenetika molekuler">filogenetik molekular</a> di akhir abad ke-20, karena ternyata protista dan monera tidak ada hubungannya (bukan <a href="/wiki/Clade" class="mw-redirect" title="Clade">kelompok monofiletik</a>).</li> <li>Tahun 2004, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavalier-Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cavalier-Smith (halaman belum tersedia)">Cavalier-Smith</a> menetapkan <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_(biologi)" title="Kerajaan (biologi)">Sistem enam kingdom</a> berdasarkan molekuler, ultrastruktur, dan palaeontological.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikasi_tradisional">Klasifikasi tradisional</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Klasifikasi tradisional" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klasifikasi tradisional"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Protista pertama kali diusulkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Ernst Haeckel</a>. Secara tradisional, protista digolongkan menjadi beberapa kelompok berdasarkan kesamaannya dengan kerajaan yang lebih tinggi yaitu meliputi <a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a> yang menyerupai <a href="/wiki/Hewan" title="Hewan">hewan</a> <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Protophyta</a> yang menyerupai <a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a> (mayoritas <a href="/wiki/Algae" class="mw-redirect" title="Algae">algae</a> <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a>), serta <a href="/wiki/Jamur_lendir" title="Jamur lendir">jamur lendir</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Jamur_air" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamur air">jamur air</a> yang menyerupai <a href="/wiki/Jamur" title="Jamur">jamur</a>. </p><p>Dulu, <a href="/wiki/Bakteri" title="Bakteri">bakteri</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Porifera" title="Porifera">spons</a> juga dianggap sebagai protista dalam sistem tiga kerajaan (Animalia, Plantae termasuk jamur, dan Protista). Namun kemudian bakteri dipisah dari protista setelah diketahui bahwa ia adalah prokariotik. Sedangkan spons dipisah dari protista karena mempunyai <i>larva stages</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun 1878, 10 taksa yaitu, <i><a href="/wiki/Monera" title="Monera">Monera</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lobosa" title="Lobosa">Lobosa</a></i> (Amoebina), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregarinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregarinae (halaman belum tersedia)">Gregarinae</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Flagellata" title="Flagellata">Flagellata</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catallacta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catallacta (halaman belum tersedia)">Catallacta</a></i> (misalnya, Synura), <i><a href="/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata">Ciliata</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acinetae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acinetae (halaman belum tersedia)">Acinetae</a></i> (Suctoria, sekelompok ciliates), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labyrinthuleae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labyrinthuleae (halaman belum tersedia)">Labyrinthuleae</a></i> (sebuah peculiargroup dengan sel darahoid yang membentuk jaringan-jaringan ektoplasma), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bacillariae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bacillariae (halaman belum tersedia)">Bacillariae</a></i> (diatom), Fungi, <i><a href="/wiki/Jamur_lendir" title="Jamur lendir">Myxomycetes</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thalomorpha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thalomorpha (halaman belum tersedia)">Thalomorpha</a></i> (Rhizopoda), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Heliozoa</a></i> ("sunanimalcules"), dan <i><a href="/wiki/Radiolaria" title="Radiolaria">Radiolaria</a></i> termasuk ke dalam kingdom protista.<sup id="cite_ref-Rothschild1989_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rothschild1989-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protozoa,_protista_yang_menyerupai_hewan"><span id="Protozoa.2C_protista_yang_menyerupai_hewan"></span>Protozoa, protista yang menyerupai hewan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Protozoa, protista yang menyerupai hewan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Protozoa, protista yang menyerupai hewan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Protozoa hampir semuanya protista bersel satu, mampu bergerak yang makan dengan cara fagositosis, walaupun ada beberapa pengecualian. Mereka biasanya berukuran 0,01-0,5 mm sehingga secara umum terlalu kecil untuk dapat dilihat tanpa bantuan mikroskop. Bentuk sel Protozoa sangat bervariasi ada yang tetap dan ada yang berubah-ubah. Protozoa umumnya dapat bergerak aktif karena mempunyai alat gerak berupa kaki semu (pseudopodia), bulu cambuk (<a href="/wiki/Flagelum" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagelum">flagellum</a>), bulu getar (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cilia (halaman belum tersedia)">cilia</a>), namun ada juga yang tidak memiliki alat gerak. Protozoa sebagian besar melakukan reproduksi secara aseksual dengan pembelahan biner. Sebagian yang lain Protozoa melakukan reproduksi seksual dengan penyatuan sel generatif (sel gamet) atau dengan penyatuan inti sel vegetatif. Reproduksi seksual dengan penyatuan inti vegetatif disebut <a href="/wiki/Konjugasi" title="Konjugasi">konjugasi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa protozoa ada yang bersifat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holozoik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holozoik (halaman belum tersedia)">holozoik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holofitik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holofitik (halaman belum tersedia)">holofitik</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saprozoik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saprozoik (halaman belum tersedia)">saprozoik</a>. Holozoik artinya memakan organisme yang berukuran lebih kecil daripada ukuran tubuhnya. Holofitik artinya mampu menghasilkan makanan sendiri melalui proses fotosintesis. Adapun saprozoik artinya memakan organisme mati yang telah membusuk.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cara hidup protozoa ada yang soliter, ada pula yang koloni. Jika keadaan lingkungannya kurang menguntungkan protozoa dapat melindungi dirinya dengan membentuk <a href="/wiki/Kista" title="Kista">kista</a>. Jika lingkungan kembali normal, protozoa akan aktif lagi. Dalam memperoleh protozoa ada yang <a href="/wiki/Parasit" title="Parasit">parasit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saprofit" title="Saprofit">saprofit</a>, dan hidup bebas.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kebanyakan protozoa berkembang dalam fase-fase kehidupan dalam bentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trofozoit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trofozoit (halaman belum tersedia)">trofozoit</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siste (halaman belum tersedia)">siste</a>. Siste merupakan satu bentuk kehidupan protozoa yang mengalami kondisi lingkungan kurang kondusif bagi kehidupan protozoa, seperti ketersediaan makanan, temperatur tinggi dan kondisi kurang air (kering). Dalam bentuk siste protozoa dapat bertahan hidup serta dapat berkembang di luar media hidupnya.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Protoza dapat ditemukan di mana-mana, seperti lingkungan berair dan tanah, umumnya mampu bertahan pada periode kering sebagai kista (<i>cyst</i>?) atau spora, dan termasuk beberapa parasit penting. Protozoa juga dapat menghasilkan penyakit-penyakit seperti, malaria, amuba disentri, penyakit tidur, penyakit Chagas, dan lain-lain.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Berdasarkan pergerakannya, protozoa dikelompokkan menjadi: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flagellata" title="Flagellata">Flagellata</a> / Mastigophora yang bergerak dengan <a href="/wiki/Flagellum" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagellum">flagella</a>(rambut cambuk). Contoh: <i><a href="/wiki/Trypanosoma" title="Trypanosoma">Trypanosoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trichomonas" title="Trichomonas">Trichomonas</a></i></li> <li>Rhizopoda / Sacrodina yang bergerak dengan <a href="/wiki/Pseudopodia" title="Pseudopodia">pseudopodia</a> (kaki semu/kaki akar) yaitu yang berarti setiap kali ia akan bergerak harus membentuk kaki semu sebelum dapat bergerak dan pembentukan kaki ini dinamakan fase gel. Contoh: <i><a href="/wiki/Amoeba" class="mw-redirect" title="Amoeba">Amoeba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilliata" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilliata">Cilliata</a> / Ciliophora yang bergerak dengan <a href="/wiki/Silia" title="Silia">silia</a> (rambut getar). Contoh: <i><a href="/wiki/Paramaecium" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramaecium">Paramaecium</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sporozoa">Sporozoa</a> yang tidak memiliki alat; beberapa mampu membentuk <a href="/wiki/Spora" title="Spora">spora</a>. Contoh: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasmodium_sp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasmodium sp (halaman belum tersedia)">Plasmodium sp</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Algae,_protista_yang_menyerupai_tumbuhan"><span id="Algae.2C_protista_yang_menyerupai_tumbuhan"></span>Algae, protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Algae, protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Algae, protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelompok protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan terdiri atas organisme eukariotik bersel satu maupun bersel banyak, yang sel-selnya memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama. Karena kemampuannya melakukan fotosintesis, kebanyakan protista dari kelompok ini merupakan fitoplankton.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Protista (ganggang atau algae) dikatakan menyerupai tumbuhan karena ia bersifat <a href="/wiki/Autotrof" title="Autotrof">autotrof</a>, memiliki <a href="/wiki/Klorofil" title="Klorofil">klorofil</a>, dan dengan bantuan cahaya matahari mampu melakukan fotosintesis.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reproduksi algae dapat dilakukan secara seksual dan aseksual. Secara seksual dilakukan dengan cara isogami dan oogami. Isogami terjadi jika antara sel betina dan sel kelamin jantan memiliki ukuran yang sama dan sulit dibedakan. Oogami terjadi jika antara sel kelamin jantan dan sel kelamin betina memiliki bentuk dan ukuran yang berbeda. Dari peleburan dua sel kelamin tersebut, akan terjadi pembuahan yang menghasilkan zigot. Zigot akan terus berkembang menjadi individu baru.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algae mencakup semua organisme bersel tunggal maupun banyak yang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Kloroplas" title="Kloroplas">kloroplas</a>. Termasuk di dalamnya adalah kelompok-kelompok berikut. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alga_hijau" title="Alga hijau">Alga hijau</a> (Filum Chlorophyta), yang memiliki relasi dengan <a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a> yang lebih tinggi (<a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">Embryophyta</a> ). Contoh: <i><a href="/wiki/Ulva" title="Ulva">Ulva</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alga_merah" title="Alga merah">Alga merah</a> (Filum Rhodophyta), mencakup banyak alga laut. Contoh: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Porphyra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porphyra (halaman belum tersedia)">Porphyra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heterokontophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterokontophyta">Heterokontophyta</a> (Filum Phaephyta), meliputi ganggang coklat. Contoh: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macrocystis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macrocystis (halaman belum tersedia)">Macrocystis</a></i> .</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filum_Euglenophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filum Euglenophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Filum Euglenophyta</a>. Contoh: <i>Euglena sp.</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filum_Phyrophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filum Phyrophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Filum Phyrophyta</a> (Dinoflagellata), meliputi ganggang api. Contoh: <i>Ceratium</i></li> <li>Filum Bacillariophyta (Diatom)</li> <li>Filum Chrysophyta (Ganggang Pirang). Contoh: <i>Dinobryon</i></li></ul> <p>Alga hijau dan merah, bersama dengan kelompok kecil yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a>, sekarang diketahui memiliki hubungan evolusi yang dekat dengan tumbuhan darat berdasarkan bukti-bukti morfologi, fisiologi, dan <a href="/wiki/Biologi_molekuler" title="Biologi molekuler">molekuler</a>, sehingga lebih tepat masuk dalam kelompok <a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a>, bersama-sama dengan <a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a> biasa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protista_yang_menyerupai_jamur">Protista yang menyerupai jamur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Protista yang menyerupai jamur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Protista yang menyerupai jamur"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Protista mirip jamur disebut juga jamur lendir. Protista ini dikatakan mirip jamur karena kemiripannya dalam hal <a href="/wiki/Morfologi_tumbuhan" title="Morfologi tumbuhan">morfologi</a> dan sifatnya yang saprofit. Perbedaannya dengan jamur terletak pada sifatnya. Pada jamur, zigotnya tidak dapat bergerak (imotil) karena tidak memiliki <a href="/wiki/Flagela" title="Flagela">flagela</a>. Adapun pada jamur lendir, zigotnya dapat bergerak (motil) karena memiliki flagel.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Protista yang menyerupai jamur menghabiskan sebagian besar waktu hidupnya dalam bentuk <a href="/wiki/Uniseluler" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniseluler">uniseluler</a>. Akan tetapi, Protista ini dapat bergabung dan berkelompok sehingga membentuk organisme <a href="/wiki/Multiseluler" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiseluler">multiseluler</a>. Dalam keadaan tersebut, Protista ini juga mengalami masa transisi dari uniseluler menuju multiseluler. Protista menyerupai atau yang lebih dikenal dengan jamur lendir memiliki susunan sel, cara reproduksi, dan siklus hidup yang berbeda dari jamur. Berdasarkan perbandingan molekuler, jamur lendir mirip dengan beberapa alga walaupun jamur lendir tidak memiliki kloroplas.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gerakan dan reproduksi protista yang menyerupai jamur mirip dengan <i><a href="/wiki/Amoeba_(genus)" title="Amoeba (genus)">Amoeba</a></i> sehingga dimasukkan dalam anggota Protista.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Protista yang menyerupai jamur mendapatkan makanan dan energi dengan cara menguraikan materi organik berasal dari ranting dan daun yang jatuh, partikel-partikel makanan dan materi organik lain.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beragam organisme dengan organisasi tingkat protista awalnya dianggap sama dengan jamur, sebab mereka memproduksi <a href="/wiki/Sporangium" title="Sporangium">sporangia</a>. Ini meliputi <i><a href="/wiki/Chytridiomycota" title="Chytridiomycota">chytrid</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Jamur_lendir" title="Jamur lendir">jamur lendir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamur_air" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamur air">jamur air</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Labyrinthulomycetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labyrinthulomycetes (halaman belum tersedia)">Labyrinthulomycetes</a>. <i>Chytrid</i> sekarang diketahui memiliki hubungan dengan <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a> dan biasanya diklasifikasikan dengan mereka. Sementara yang lain sekarang ditempatkan bersama dengan heterokontofita lainnya (yang memiliki selulosa, bukan dinding <i>chitin</i>) atau <a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a> (yang tidak memiliki dinding sel). </p> <ul><li>Filum <a href="/wiki/Jamur_lendir" title="Jamur lendir">Myxomycota</a> (Jamur Lendir)</li> <li>Filum <a href="/wiki/Oomycota" class="mw-redirect" title="Oomycota">Oomycota</a> (Jamur Air)</li></ul> <p>Memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Memiliki sel berflagela pada suatu waktu dalam siklus hidupnya</li> <li>Khusus pada jamur air, memiliki dinding sel yang tersusun oleh zat selulosa, sedangkan jamur tersususn oleh zat kitin</li> <li>Membentuk spora diploid dan hasil meiosis berupa gamet. Pada jamur air mengasilkan sesuatu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikasi_modern">Klasifikasi modern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Klasifikasi modern" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klasifikasi modern"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saat ini istilah <i>protist</i> dipakai untuk mengacu pada eukariota <a href="/wiki/Bersel_satu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersel satu">bersel satu</a> baik sel independen atau kalaupun berkoloni tidak menunjukkan diferensiasi dalam jaringan.<sup id="cite_ref-Adl_05_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl_05-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istilah <i>protozoa</i> dipakai untuk spesies <a href="/wiki/Heterotrof" title="Heterotrof">heterotrofik</a> dari protista yang tidak membentuk filamen. Istilah ini tidak dipakai lagi di klasifikasi modern. Klasifikasi modern berupaya menyajikan kelompok <a href="/wiki/Monofili" title="Monofili">monofili</a> berdasarkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultrastruktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultrastruktur (halaman belum tersedia)">ultrastruktur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biokimia" title="Biokimia">biokimia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Genetika" title="Genetika">genetika</a>. Karena protista adalah <a href="/wiki/Parafili" title="Parafili">parafili</a> sistem seperti itu sering kali memecah atau meninggalkan kingdom tersebut, ketimbang memperlakukan kelompok protista sebagai eukaryota. Beberapa kelompok utama dari protista, yang mungkin diklasifikasikan sebagai fila, disajikan di kotak sebelah kanan.<sup id="cite_ref-Cavalier_Smith_03_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cavalier_Smith_03-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banyak yang menganggapnya sebagai monofili, meskipun masih belum meyakinkan. Misalnya, <a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a> mungkin tidak monofili dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromalveolate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromalveolate (halaman belum tersedia)">Chromalveolate</a> mungkin monofili jika <a href="/wiki/Haptophyta" title="Haptophyta">haptophyta</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptomonad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptomonad (halaman belum tersedia)">cryptomonad</a> dimasukkan.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metabolisme,_reproduksi,_dan_peranan_protista"><span id="Metabolisme.2C_reproduksi.2C_dan_peranan_protista"></span>Metabolisme, reproduksi, dan peranan protista</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Metabolisme, reproduksi, dan peranan protista" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Metabolisme, reproduksi, dan peranan protista"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flagelata makan menggunakan penyaring, yaitu dengan melewatkan air melalui flagelanya. Protista lain bisa menelan bakteri dan mencernanya secara internal, dengan memanjangkan <a href="/wiki/Dinding_sel" title="Dinding sel">dinding selnya</a> di sekitar makanannya, untuk membentuk sebuah <a href="/wiki/Vakuola" title="Vakuola">vakuola makanan</a>. Makanan ini lalu masuk ke dalam sel melalui <a href="/wiki/Endositosis" title="Endositosis">endositosis</a> (biasanya <a href="/wiki/Fagositosis" title="Fagositosis">fagositosis</a>; kadang-kadang <a href="/wiki/Pinositosis" title="Pinositosis">pinositosis</a>). </p><p>Sebagian protista berkembang biak secara <a href="/wiki/Reproduksi_seksual" title="Reproduksi seksual">seksual</a> (konjugasi), sementara lainnya secara <a href="/wiki/Reproduksi_aseksual" title="Reproduksi aseksual">aseksual</a> (fisi biner). <i><a href="/wiki/Plasmodium_falciparum" title="Plasmodium falciparum">Plasmodium falciparum</a></i>, memiliki <a href="/wiki/Siklus_hidup_biologis" class="mw-redirect" title="Siklus hidup biologis">siklus hidup biologis</a> super kompleks yang meliputi berbagai macam makhluk hidup, sebagian bereproduksi seksual, sebagian lain aseksual.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun, masih belum jelas seberapa seringnya reproduksi seksual menyebabkan pertukaran genetika antar strain yang berbeda dari <i>Plasmodium</i> dan sebagian besar protista parasit adalah <b>clonal line</b> yang jarang melakukan pertukaran gen dengan strain lain.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa protista adalah patogen terhadap <a href="/wiki/Hewan" title="Hewan">hewan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Plasmodium_falciparum" title="Plasmodium falciparum">Plasmodium falciparum</a></i> menyebabkan <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> pada manusia dan <i><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora_infestans" title="Phytophthora infestans">Phytophthora infestans</a></i> menyebabkan <a href="/wiki/Hawar_daun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawar daun">hawar daun</a> pada kentang. Pemahaman lebih mendalam tentang protista akan membuat penyakit ini bisa diobati secara efisien. </p><p>Peneliti dari <b>Agricultural Research Service</b> memanfaatkan protista sebagai patogen untuk mengendalikan populasi semut api merah (<i>Solenopsis invicta</i>) di Argentina. Dengan bantuan protista penghasil spora seperti <i>Kneallhazia solenopsae</i> populasi semut api merah bisa berkurang 53-100%.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para peneliti berhasil menginjeksikan protista itu ke lalat sebagai perantara untuk membunuh semut api merah, tanpa membahayakan lalat itu.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pemanfaatan">Pemanfaatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Pemanfaatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pemanfaatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333525">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Kembangkan_bagian plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Bagian ini memerlukan <b>pengembangan</b>. Anda dapat membantu dengan <a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section="><b>mengembangkannya</b></a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Jenis Protista yang menguntungkan adalah jenis <a href="/wiki/Ganggang" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganggang">ganggang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alga_merah" title="Alga merah">Alga merah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyanobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanobacteria">Cyanophyta</a>, dan lainnya) yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk bahan kosmetik serta dapat dikonsumsi. </p><p>Protista yang menyerupai tumbuhan seperti <i><a href="/wiki/Ulva_lactuca" title="Ulva lactuca">Ulva lactuca</a></i> juga biasa di konsumsi sebagai sayuran sebagai selada laut. Ada juga alga yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pupuk karena mengandung berbagai unsur hara tanaman yang meliputi nitrogen, fosfor, kalium, kalsium dan magnesium.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenis Protista yang merugikan adalah jenis <a href="/wiki/Sporozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sporozoa">sporozoa</a> (contoh: <i><a href="/wiki/Plasmodium" title="Plasmodium">Plasmodium</a></i>) yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit, seperti <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Adl2012-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adl2012_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Adl Sina M.; et al. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160616160800/http://www.paru.cas.cz/docs/documents/93-Adl-JEM-2012.pdf">"The revised classification of eukaryotes"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology</i>. <b>59</b> (5): 429–514. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2012.00644.x">10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3483872">3483872</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23020233">23020233</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paru.cas.cz/docs/documents/93-Adl-JEM-2012.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2016-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2016-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Eukaryotic+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+revised+classification+of+eukaryotes&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=429-514&rft.date=2012&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3483872&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23020233&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2012.00644.x&rft.au=Adl+Sina+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paru.cas.cz%2Fdocs%2Fdocuments%2F93-Adl-JEM-2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Simonite2005-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Simonite2005_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Simonite T (2005). "Protists push animals aside in rule revamp". <i>Nature</i>. <b>438</b> (7064): 8–9. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F438008b">10.1038/438008b</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16267517">16267517</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Protists+push+animals+aside+in+rule+revamp&rft.volume=438&rft.issue=7064&rft.pages=8-9&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F438008b&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16267517&rft.au=Simonite+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adl_05-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Adl_05_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adl_05_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Adl SM, Simpson AG, Farmer MA; et al. (2005). "The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists". <i>J. Eukaryot. Microbiol</i>. <b>52</b> (5): 399–451. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x">10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16248873">16248873</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Eukaryot.+Microbiol.&rft.atitle=The+new+higher+level+classification+of+eukaryotes+with+emphasis+on+the+taxonomy+of+protists&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=399-451&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16248873&rft.au=Adl+SM%2C+Simpson+AG%2C+Farmer+MA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Penggunaan_et_al._yang_eksplisit" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit">link</a>) Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urlSystematics_of_the_Eukaryota-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urlSystematics_of_the_Eukaryota_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/alllife/eukaryotasy.html">"Systematics of the Eukaryota"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-05-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Systematics+of+the+Eukaryota&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucmp.berkeley.edu%2Falllife%2Feukaryotasy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Simpson, Alastair (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303252144_Protist_Diversification">"Protist Diversification"</a>. <i>Encylopedia of Evalutionary Biology</i>. <b>3</b>: 345. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-0-12-800049-6.00247-X">10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00247-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encylopedia+of+Evalutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Protist+Diversification&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=345&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-12-800049-6.00247-X&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Alastair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F303252144_Protist_Diversification&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scamardella1999-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scamardella1999_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scamardella1999_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Scamardella, J. M. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614000656/http://www.im.microbios.org/08december99/03%20Scamardella.pdf">"Not plants or animals: a brief history of the origin of Kingdoms Protozoa, Protista and Protoctista"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Microbiology</i>. <b>2</b>: 207–221. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.im.microbios.org/08december99/03%20Scamardella.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2011-06-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Not+plants+or+animals%3A+a+brief+history+of+the+origin+of+Kingdoms+Protozoa%2C+Protista+and+Protoctista&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=207-221&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Scamardella%2C+J.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.im.microbios.org%2F08december99%2F03%2520Scamardella.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rothschild1989-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rothschild1989_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rothschild1989_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rothschild LJ (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/index/LW54T61737212643.pdf">"Protozoa, Protista, Protoctista: what's in a name?"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>J Hist Biol</i>. <b>22</b> (2): 277–305. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00139515">10.1007/BF00139515</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11542176">11542176</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Hist+Biol&rft.atitle=Protozoa%2C+Protista%2C+Protoctista%3A++what%27s+in+a+name%3F&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=277-305&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00139515&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11542176&rft.au=Rothschild+LJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Findex%2FLW54T61737212643.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Maret 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Copeland1938-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Copeland1938_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Copeland, H. F. (1938). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033-5770(193812)13%3A4%3C383%3ATKOO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K">"The Kingdoms of Organisms"</a>. <i>Quarterly Review of Biology</i>. <b>13</b> (4): 383. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F394568">10.1086/394568</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Review+of+Biology&rft.atitle=The+Kingdoms+of+Organisms&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=383&rft.date=1938&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F394568&rft.au=Copeland%2C+H.+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinks.jstor.org%2Fsici%3Fsici%3D0033-5770%28193812%2913%253A4%253C383%253ATKOO%253E2.0.CO%253B2-K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whittaker1959-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whittaker1959_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Whittaker, R. H. (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033-5770(195909)34%3A3%3C210%3AOTBCOO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J">"On the Broad Classification of Organisms"</a>. <i>Quarterly Review of Biology</i>. <b>34</b> (3): 210. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F402733">10.1086/402733</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Review+of+Biology&rft.atitle=On+the+Broad+Classification+of+Organisms&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=210&rft.date=1959&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F402733&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+R.+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinks.jstor.org%2Fsici%3Fsici%3D0033-5770%28195909%2934%253A3%253C210%253AOTBCOO%253E2.0.CO%253B2-J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Whittaker RH (1969). "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Evolutionary relations are better represented by new classifications than by the traditional two kingdoms". <i>Science (journal)</i>. <b>163</b> (863): 150–60. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.163.3863.150">10.1126/science.163.3863.150</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5762760">5762760</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28journal%29&rft.atitle=New+concepts+of+kingdoms+or+organisms.+Evolutionary+relations+are+better+represented+by+new+classifications+than+by+the+traditional+two+kingdoms&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=863&rft.pages=150-60&rft.date=1969&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.163.3863.150&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F5762760&rft.au=Whittaker+RH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rothschild, Lynn (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11804626_Protozoa_Protista_Protoctista_what's_in_a_name">"Protozoa, Protista, Protictista: what's in a name?"</a>. <i>Journal of The History of Biology</i>. <b>22</b> (2): 290. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00139515">10.1007/BF00139515</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+The+History+of+Biology&rft.atitle=Protozoa%2C+Protista%2C+Protictista%3A+what%27s+in+a+name%3F&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=290&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00139515&rft.aulast=Rothschild&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F11804626_Protozoa_Protista_Protoctista_what%27s_in_a_name&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Anshori, Moch; Martono, Joko (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128125338/https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Moch_Anshori_Djoko_Martono_2009.pdf"><i>Biologi untuk siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA)-Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Kelas X</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 108. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-130-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-130-9">978-979-068-130-9</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Moch_Anshori_Djoko_Martono_2009.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2020-11-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologi+untuk+siswa+Sekolah+Menengah+Atas+%28SMA%29-Madrasah+Aliyah+%28MA%29+Kelas+X&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=108&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-130-9&rft.aulast=Anshori&rft.aufirst=Moch&rft.au=Martono%2C+Joko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsd.pendidikan.id%2Fdata%2FSMA_10%2FBiologi_1_Kelas_10_Moch_Anshori_Djoko_Martono_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Firmansyah, Rikky; Mawadi H, Agus; Umar Riandi, M (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defantri.com/2020/06/bse-biologi-sma.html"><i>Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Biologi untuk Kelas X Sekolah Menengah Atas/Madrasah Aliyah</i></a>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 42–47. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-828-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-828-5">978-979-068-828-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mudah+dan+Aktif+Belajar+Biologi+untuk+Kelas+X+Sekolah+Menengah+Atas%2FMadrasah+Aliyah&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=42-47&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-828-5&rft.aulast=Firmansyah&rft.aufirst=Rikky&rft.au=Mawadi+H%2C+Agus&rft.au=Umar+Riandi%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defantri.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fbse-biologi-sma.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Subardi, Nuryani; Pramono, Shidiq (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123171835/https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_Kelas_10_Subardi_Nuryani_Shidiq_Pramono_2009.pdf"><i>Biologi Untuk Kelas X SMA dan MA</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 58. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-835-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-835-3">978-979-068-835-3</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_Kelas_10_Subardi_Nuryani_Shidiq_Pramono_2009.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2021-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologi+Untuk+Kelas+X+SMA+dan+MA&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-835-3&rft.aulast=Subardi&rft.aufirst=Nuryani&rft.au=Pramono%2C+Shidiq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsd.pendidikan.id%2Fdata%2FSMA_10%2FBiologi_Kelas_10_Subardi_Nuryani_Shidiq_Pramono_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Subandi, M (2010). <i>Mikrobiologi</i>. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. hlm. 116. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-692-469-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-692-469-1">978-979-692-469-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mikrobiologi&rft.place=Bandung&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=PT+Remaja+Rosdakarya&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-979-692-469-1&rft.aulast=Subandi&rft.aufirst=M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Yani, Riani; Atikah, Tintin; Purwianingsih, Widi (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kakbio.school.blog/2018/12/06/ebook-biologi-sma-kelas-x-xi-dan-xii/"><i>Biologi 1 SMA dan MA Kelas X</i></a>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 70–78. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-834-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-834-6">978-979-068-834-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologi+1+SMA+dan+MA+Kelas+X&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=70-78&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-834-6&rft.aulast=Yani&rft.aufirst=Riani&rft.au=Atikah%2C+Tintin&rft.au=Purwianingsih%2C+Widi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkakbio.school.blog%2F2018%2F12%2F06%2Febook-biologi-sma-kelas-x-xi-dan-xii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|first2=</code> tanpa <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|last2=</code> di Authors list (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#first_missing_last" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Sulistyorini, Ari (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929234414/http://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Ari_Sulistyorini_2009.pdf"><i>Biologi 1 untuk Sekolah Menengah Atas/Madrasah Aliyah Kelas X</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 89–90. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-132-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-132-3">978-979-068-132-3</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Ari_Sulistyorini_2009.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2020-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologi+1+untuk+Sekolah+Menengah+Atas%2FMadrasah+Aliyah+Kelas+X&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=89-90&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-132-3&rft.aulast=Sulistyorini&rft.aufirst=Ari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsd.pendidikan.id%2Fdata%2FSMA_10%2FBiologi_1_Kelas_10_Ari_Sulistyorini_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ferdinand P, Fictor; Ariebowo, Moekti (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128062145/https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Praktis_Belajar_Biologi_Kelas_10_Fictor_Ferdinand_P_Moekti_Ariebowo_2009.pdf"><i>Praktis Belajar Biologi untuk kelas X Sekolah Menengah Atas/Madrasah Aliyah</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 44. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-824-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-824-7">978-979-068-824-7</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Praktis_Belajar_Biologi_Kelas_10_Fictor_Ferdinand_P_Moekti_Ariebowo_2009.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2020-11-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Praktis+Belajar+Biologi+untuk+kelas+X+Sekolah+Menengah+Atas%2FMadrasah+Aliyah&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-824-7&rft.aulast=Ferdinand+P&rft.aufirst=Fictor&rft.au=Ariebowo%2C+Moekti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsd.pendidikan.id%2Fdata%2FSMA_10%2FPraktis_Belajar_Biologi_Kelas_10_Fictor_Ferdinand_P_Moekti_Ariebowo_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kistinnah, Idun; Sri Lestari, Endang (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127211207/https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Idun_Kistinnah_Endang_Sri_Lestari_2009.pdf"><i>Biologi 1 Makhluk Hidup dan Lingkungannya Untuk SMA/MA Kelas X</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. hlm. 142. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-068-131-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-068-131-6">978-979-068-131-6</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsd.pendidikan.id/data/SMA_10/Biologi_1_Kelas_10_Idun_Kistinnah_Endang_Sri_Lestari_2009.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2020-11-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologi+1+Makhluk+Hidup+dan+Lingkungannya+Untuk+SMA%2FMA+Kelas+X&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Pusat+Perbukuan+Departemen+Pendidikan+Nasional&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-068-131-6&rft.aulast=Kistinnah&rft.aufirst=Idun&rft.au=Sri+Lestari%2C+Endang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbsd.pendidikan.id%2Fdata%2FSMA_10%2FBiologi_1_Kelas_10_Idun_Kistinnah_Endang_Sri_Lestari_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cavalier_Smith_03-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cavalier_Smith_03_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE (2003). "Phylogeny and classification of phylum Cercozoa (Protozoa)". <i>Protist</i>. <b>154</b> (3-4): 341–58. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1078%2F143446103322454112">10.1078/143446103322454112</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14658494">14658494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protist&rft.atitle=Phylogeny+and+classification+of+phylum+Cercozoa+%28Protozoa%29&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=3-4&rft.pages=341-58&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1078%2F143446103322454112&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14658494&rft.au=Cavalier-Smith+T%2C+Chao+EE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Laura Wegener Parfrey, Erika Barbero, Elyse Lasser, Micah Dunthorn, Debashish Bhattacharya, David J Patterson, and Laura A Katz (2006 December). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1713255">"Evaluating Support for the Current Classification of Eukaryotic Diversity"</a>. <i>PLoS Genet</i>. <b>2</b> (12): e220. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020220">10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1713255">1713255</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17194223">17194223</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Genet.&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Support+for+the+Current+Classification+of+Eukaryotic+Diversity&rft.chron=2006+December&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=e220&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1713255&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17194223&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020220&rft.au=Laura+Wegener+Parfrey%2C+Erika+Barbero%2C+Elyse+Lasser%2C+Micah+Dunthorn%2C+Debashish+Bhattacharya%2C+David+J+Patterson%2C+and+Laura+A+Katz&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1713255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Talman AM, Domarle O, McKenzie FE, Ariey F, Robert V (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC497046">"Gametocytogenesis: the puberty of Plasmodium falciparum"</a>. <i>Malar. J</i>. <b>3</b>: 24. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1475-2875-3-24">10.1186/1475-2875-3-24</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC497046">497046</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15253774">15253774</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Malar.+J.&rft.atitle=Gametocytogenesis%3A+the+puberty+of+Plasmodium+falciparum&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=24&rft.date=2004&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC497046&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15253774&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1475-2875-3-24&rft.au=Talman+AM%2C+Domarle+O%2C+McKenzie+FE%2C+Ariey+F%2C+Robert+V&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC497046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Tibayrenc M, Kjellberg F, Arnaud J; et al. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1675793">"Are eukaryotic microorganisms clonal or sexual? A population genetics vantage"</a>. <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</i>. <b>88</b> (12): 5129–33. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.88.12.5129">10.1073/pnas.88.12.5129</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC51825">51825</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1675793">1675793</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proc.+Natl.+Acad.+Sci.+U.S.A.&rft.atitle=Are+eukaryotic+microorganisms+clonal+or+sexual%3F+A+population+genetics+vantage&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=5129-33&rft.date=1991&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC51825&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1675793&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.88.12.5129&rft.au=Tibayrenc+M%2C+Kjellberg+F%2C+Arnaud+J&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fcgi%2Fpmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D1675793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Penggunaan_et_al._yang_eksplisit" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit">link</a>) Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/is/pr/2010/100128.htm">"ARS Parasite Collections Assist Research and Diagnoses"</a>. USDA Agricultural Research Service. January 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARS+Parasite+Collections+Assist+Research+and+Diagnoses&rft.pub=USDA+Agricultural+Research+Service&rft.date=2010-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ars.usda.gov%2Fis%2Fpr%2F2010%2F100128.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AProtista" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/is/pr/2010/100128.htm">[1]</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Bibliografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bibliografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Umum">Umum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Umum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Umum"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Haeckel, E. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/haeckel/protistenreich/index.html">Das Protistenreich</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022013539/http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/haeckel/protistenreich/index.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2013-10-22 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i>. Leipzig, 1878.</li> <li>Hausmann, K., N. Hulsmann, R. Radek. <i>Protistology</i>. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchshandlung, Stuttgart, 2003.</li> <li>Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman. <i>Handbook of Protoctista</i>. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, 1990.</li> <li>Margulis, L., K.V. Schwartz. <i>Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth</i>, 3rd ed. New York: W.H. Freeman, 1998.</li> <li>Margulis, L., L. Olendzenski, H.I. McKhann. <i>Illustrated Glossary of the Protoctista</i>, 1993.</li> <li>Margulis, L., M.J. Chapman. <i>Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth</i>. Amsterdam: Academic Press/Elsevier, 2009.</li> <li>Schaechter, M. <i>Eukaryotic microbes</i>. Amsterdam, Academic Press, 2012.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fisiologi,_ekologi_dan_paleontologi"><span id="Fisiologi.2C_ekologi_dan_paleontologi"></span>Fisiologi, ekologi dan paleontologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Fisiologi, ekologi dan paleontologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fisiologi, ekologi dan paleontologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Foissner, W.; D.L. Hawksworth. <i>Protist Diversity and Geographical Distribution</i>. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009</li> <li>Fontaneto, D. <i>Biogeography of Microscopic Organisms. Is Everything Small Everywhere?</i> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011.</li> <li>Levandowsky, M. <i>Physiological Adaptations of Protists</i>. In: <i>Cell physiology sourcebook: essentials of membrane biophysics</i>. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier/AP, 2012.</li> <li>Moore, R. C., and other editors. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treatise_on_Invertebrate_Paleontology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (halaman belum tersedia)">Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology</a></i>. Protista, part B (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32775&-findall=">vol. 1</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Maret 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup>, Charophyta, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32803&-findall=">vol. 2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161009084415/http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32803&-findall=">Diarsipkan</a> 2016-10-09 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Chrysomonadida, Coccolithophorida, Charophyta, Diatomacea & Pyrrhophyta), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=82&-findall=">part C</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161009084510/http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=82&-findall=">Diarsipkan</a> 2016-10-09 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Sarcodina, Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida) and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=83&-findall=">part D</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Maret 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup> (Chiefly Radiolaria and Tintinnina). Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America; & Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protista&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> mempunyai informasi mengenai <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Protista" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Protista">Protista</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> mempunyai informasi mengenai <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Protoctista" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Protoctista">Protoctista</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Protista" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Protista"><span style="">Protista</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3">Tree of Life: Eukaryotes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120129074456/http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-01-29 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phylogenetics.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/etv/">A java applet for exploring the new higher level classification of eukaryotes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planktonchronicles.org/en/episode/9">Plankton Chronicles – Protists – Cells in the Sea – video</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110907012031/http://www.planktonchronicles.org/en/episode/9">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-09-07 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/pdb/images/subjects/indexE.html">Database of protist images</a></li> <li>Holt, Jack R. and Carlos A. Iudica. 2013. Diversity of Life. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/202/Taxa.htm">http://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/202/Taxa.htm</a>. Last modified: 11/18/13.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Amoebozoa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discosea" title="Discosea">Discosea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubulinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tubulinea (halaman belum tersedia)">Tubulinea</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eumycetozoa" title="Eumycetozoa">Eumycetozoa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Variosea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variosea (halaman belum tersedia)">Variosea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archamoebea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archamoebea (halaman belum tersedia)">Archamoebea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutosea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cutosea (halaman belum tersedia)">Cutosea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);">   <a href="/wiki/Obazoa" title="Obazoa">Obazoa</a>   </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apusomonadida" class="mw-redirect" title="Apusomonadida">Apusomonadida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breviatea" title="Breviatea">Breviatea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Holomycota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><a href="/wiki/Holomycota" title="Holomycota">Holomycota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cristidiscoidea" title="Cristidiscoidea">Rotosphaerida</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></b>¹</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><span style="margin:-32px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);">   <a href="/wiki/Holozoa" title="Holozoa">Holozoa</a>   </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunicaraptor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunicaraptor (halaman belum tersedia)">Tunicaraptor</a></i></li> <li>†<i><a href="/wiki/Bicellum" title="Bicellum">Bicellum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosporea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ichthyosporea (halaman belum tersedia)">Ichthyosporea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluriformea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluriformea (halaman belum tersedia)">Pluriformea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><a href="/wiki/Filozoa" title="Filozoa">Filozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filasterea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filasterea (halaman belum tersedia)">Filasterea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(245,215,255)"><a href="/wiki/Choanozoa" title="Choanozoa">Choanozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choanoflagellata" class="mw-redirect" title="Choanoflagellata">Choanoflagellata</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></b>¹</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Diaphoretickes" title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provora (halaman belum tersedia)">Provora</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Haptista" title="Haptista">Haptista</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centroplasthelida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centroplasthelida (halaman belum tersedia)">Centroplasthelida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haptophyta" title="Haptophyta">Haptophyta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);">    <a href="/wiki/TSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="TSAR">TSAR</a>    </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telonemia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telonemia (halaman belum tersedia)">Telonemia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);">     <a href="/wiki/Supergrup_SAR" title="Supergrup SAR">SAR</a>     </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cercozoa" title="Cercozoa">Cercozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endomyxa" title="Endomyxa">Endomyxa</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Foraminifera" title="Foraminifera">Foraminifera</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Radiolaria" title="Radiolaria">Radiolaria</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colponemida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colponemida (halaman belum tersedia)">Colponemida</a>*</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata">Ciliophora</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80); vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Myzozoa" title="Myzozoa">Myzozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Apicomplexa" title="Apicomplexa">Apicomplexa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colpodellida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colpodellida (halaman belum tersedia)">Colpodellida</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dinoflagellata" title="Dinoflagellata">Dinoflagellata</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perkinsozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perkinsozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Perkinsozoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Stramenopila" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopila">Stramenopila</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platysulcus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platysulcus (halaman belum tersedia)">Platysulcus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bigyra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bigyra (halaman belum tersedia)">Bigyra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bicosoecea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bicosoecea (halaman belum tersedia)">Bicosoecida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placidozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Placidozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Placidozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagenista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagenista (halaman belum tersedia)">Sagenista</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Gyrista" title="Gyrista">Gyrista</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Developea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Developea (halaman belum tersedia)">Developea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirsoniales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pirsoniales (halaman belum tersedia)">Pirsoniales</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyphochytriomycetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyphochytriomycetes (halaman belum tersedia)">Hyphochytriomycetes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ochrophyta" title="Ochrophyta">Ochrophyta</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oomycetes" title="Oomycetes">Oomycetes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Actinophryida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Actinophryida (halaman belum tersedia)">Actinophryida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;background:rgb(180,250,180)"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);">     CAM     </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(180,250,180)">Pan-Cryptista</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microheliella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microheliella (halaman belum tersedia)">Microheliella</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptista (halaman belum tersedia)">Cryptista</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palpitomonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palpitomonas (halaman belum tersedia)">Palpitomonas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katablepharida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katablepharida (halaman belum tersedia)">Katablepharida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Cryptophyta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan#Current_definitions_of_Plantae" title="Tumbuhan">Archaeplastida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picozoa" title="Picozoa">Picozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodelphidia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodelphidia (halaman belum tersedia)">Rhodelphidia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rhodophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodophyta">Rhodophyta</a></b></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Viridiplantae(tumbuhan_sensu_lato)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Viridiplantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Viridiplantae">Viridiplantae</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Plant#Alternative_concepts" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">tumbuhan <i>sensu lato</i></a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prasinodermophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prasinodermophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Prasinodermophyta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chlorophyta" title="Chlorophyta">Chlorophyta</a></b></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Streptophyta" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Streptophyta" title="Streptophyta">Streptophyta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorokybus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorokybus (halaman belum tersedia)">Chlorokybus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesostigma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesostigma (halaman belum tersedia)">Mesostigma</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klebsormidiophyceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klebsormidiophyceae (halaman belum tersedia)">Klebsormidiophyceae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charophyceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charophyceae (halaman belum tersedia)">Charophyceae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coleochaetophyceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coleochaetophyceae (halaman belum tersedia)">Coleochaetophyceae</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zygnematophyceae" title="Zygnematophyceae">Zygnematophyceae</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">Embryophyta</a></b>¹</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavates</a>*</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discoba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discoba (halaman belum tersedia)">Discoba</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobida (halaman belum tersedia)">Jakobida</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsukubamonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsukubamonas (halaman belum tersedia)">Tsukubamonas</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discicristata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discicristata (halaman belum tersedia)">Discicristata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterolobosea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterolobosea (halaman belum tersedia)">Heterolobosea</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglenozoa</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metamonada" title="Metamonada">Metamonada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barthelona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barthelona (halaman belum tersedia)">Barthelona</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anaeramoebae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anaeramoebae (halaman belum tersedia)">Anaeramoebae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anaeromonada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anaeromonada (halaman belum tersedia)">Anaeromonada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornicata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fornicata (halaman belum tersedia)">Fornicata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parabasalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parabasalia (halaman belum tersedia)">Parabasalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malawimonada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malawimonada (halaman belum tersedia)">Malawimonada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malawimonadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malawimonadidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Malawimonadidae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imasidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imasidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Imasidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><span style="margin:-29px;display: inline-block;-webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);-moz-transform: rotate(270deg);-ms-transform: rotate(270deg);-o-transform: rotate(270deg);transform: rotate(270deg);"><i><a href="/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis">Incertae sedis</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/Acritarch" title="Acritarch">Acritarchs</a></li> <li>†<i><a href="/wiki/Grypania" title="Grypania">Grypania</a></i></li> <li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chert_Gunflint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chert Gunflint (halaman belum tersedia)">Mikrobiota Gunflint</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Chitinozoa" title="Chitinozoa">Chitinozoa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteora_sporadica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteora sporadica (halaman belum tersedia)">Meteora sporadica</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hemimastigophora" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemimastigophora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemimastigophora (halaman belum tersedia)">Hemimastigophora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spironemidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spironemidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Spironemidae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spironematellidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spironematellidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Spironematellidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancyromonadida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancyromonadida (halaman belum tersedia)">Ancyromonadida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancyromonadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancyromonadidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Ancyromonadidae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planomonadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planomonadidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Planomonadidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CRuMs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRuMs (halaman belum tersedia)">CRuMs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collodictyonidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collodictyonidae (halaman belum tersedia)">Collodictyonidae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mantamonadida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantamonadida (halaman belum tersedia)">Mantamonadida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rigifilida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rigifilida (halaman belum tersedia)">Rigifilida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>¹<a href="/wiki/Kingdom" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Kingdom">Kingdom</a> tradisional dikecualikan dari <a class="mw-selflink selflink">protista</a></li> <li>*kelompok <a href="/wiki/Parafiletik" class="mw-redirect" title="Parafiletik">parafiletik</a></li> <li><b>tebal</b> menandai kelompok dengan lebih dari 1000 spesies</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mikrobiologi:_Protista" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#F0E68C"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Protista" title="Templat:Protista"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Protista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Protista (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Protista&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mikrobiologi:_Protista" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mikrobiologi" title="Mikrobiologi">Mikrobiologi</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Protista</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#F0E68C"><div><a href="/wiki/Eukariotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukariotik">Eukariotik</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Uniseluler" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniseluler">Uniseluler</a>/<a href="/wiki/Multiseluler" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiseluler">Multiseluler</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerak_aktif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerak aktif (halaman belum tersedia)">Gerak aktif</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Klorofil" title="Klorofil">Klorofil</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Klasifikasi sebelumnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protozoa" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flagellata" title="Flagellata">Mastigophora/Flagellata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizopoda" title="Rhizopoda">Sarcodina/Rhizopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infusoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Infusoria">Infusoria</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata">Ciliata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sporozoa">Sporozoa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alga" title="Alga">Alga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Organisme seperti-fungi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamur_lendir" title="Jamur lendir">Jamur lendir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomenclature_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nomenclature codes (halaman belum tersedia)">Ambiregnal protists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Morfologi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgreen;"><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgreen;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Viridiplantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Viridiplantae">Chloroplastida</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Alga_hijau" title="Alga hijau">alga hijau</a>": <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fikoplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fikoplas (halaman belum tersedia)">Fikoplas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fragmoplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fragmoplas (halaman belum tersedia)">Fragmoplas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flagellar_apparatus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flagellar apparatus (halaman belum tersedia)">Flagellar apparatus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgreen;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanelle (halaman belum tersedia)">Cyanelles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phycobilisome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phycobilisome (halaman belum tersedia)">Phycobilisomes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgreen;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alga_merah" title="Alga merah">Alga merah</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pit_connection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pit connection (halaman belum tersedia)">Pit connection</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phycobilisome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phycobilisome (halaman belum tersedia)">Phycobilisomes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><a href="/wiki/Hacrobia" title="Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptomonad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptomonad (halaman belum tersedia)">Cryptophyta</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastigonemes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastigonemes (halaman belum tersedia)">Mastigonemes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periplast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periplast (halaman belum tersedia)">Periplast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Haptophyta" title="Haptophyta">Haptophyta</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coccolith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coccolith (halaman belum tersedia)">Coccolith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haptonema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haptonema (halaman belum tersedia)">Haptonema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><a href="/wiki/Stramenopila" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopila">Stramenopila</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">Umum:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastigonemes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastigonemes (halaman belum tersedia)">Mastigonemes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Diatom" title="Diatom">Diatom</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frustule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frustule (halaman belum tersedia)">Frustule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alga_coklat" title="Alga coklat">Alga coklat</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_(alga)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina (alga) (halaman belum tersedia)">Lamina (alga)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pneumatokis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pneumatokis (halaman belum tersedia)">Pneumatokis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">Umum:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alveoli_(Alveolata)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alveoli (Alveolata) (halaman belum tersedia)">Alveoli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trichocyst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trichocyst (halaman belum tersedia)">Trichocyst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dinoflagellata" title="Dinoflagellata">Dinoflagellata</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinokaryon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinokaryon (halaman belum tersedia)">Dinokaryon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinocyst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinocyst (halaman belum tersedia)">Dinocyst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theca (halaman belum tersedia)">Theca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata">Ciliata</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silia" title="Silia">Silia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirrus_(biologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cirrus (biologi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Cirrus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makronucleus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makronucleus (halaman belum tersedia)">Makronucleus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikronucleus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikronucleus (halaman belum tersedia)">Mikronucleus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ADFF2F;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Apicomplexa" title="Apicomplexa">Apicomplexa</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhoptry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhoptry (halaman belum tersedia)">Rhoptry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apikoplas" title="Apikoplas">Apikoplas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microneme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microneme (halaman belum tersedia)">Microneme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(225,204,252);"><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Phytomyxea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(225,204,252);"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytomyxea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phytomyxea (halaman belum tersedia)">Phytomyxea</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuclear_division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuclear division (halaman belum tersedia)">Cruciform division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F0E68C;"><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F0E68C;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kinetoplastida" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinetoplastida">Kinetoplastida</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinetoplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kinetoplas (halaman belum tersedia)">Kinetoplas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glycosome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glycosome (halaman belum tersedia)">Glycosome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F0E68C;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euglenid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euglenid (halaman belum tersedia)">Euglenoidea</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periplas (halaman belum tersedia)">Periplas/pelikel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC8A0;"><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dictyostelida:" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC8A0;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictyostelida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictyostelida (halaman belum tersedia)">Dictyostelida</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macrocyst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macrocyst (halaman belum tersedia)">Macrocyst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorocarp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorocarp (halaman belum tersedia)">Sorocarp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Choanoflagellata:" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D3D3A4;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Choanoflagellata" class="mw-redirect" title="Choanoflagellata">Choanoflagellata</a>:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikrovilus" title="Mikrovilus">Kerah mikrovili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banyak kelompok</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Terkait-lokomosi</i>: <a href="/wiki/Flagelum" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagelum">Flagelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silia" title="Silia">Silia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudopodia" title="Pseudopodia">Pseudopodia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinding_sel" title="Dinding sel">Struktur permukaan sel</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Membran_sel" title="Membran sel">Simple cell membrane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mucilage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mucilage (halaman belum tersedia)">Mucilage and sheats</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_(anatomy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scale (anatomy) (halaman belum tersedia)">Scale (anatomy)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frustule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frustule (halaman belum tersedia)">Frustule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinding_sel" title="Dinding sel">Dinding sel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorica_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorica (biology) (halaman belum tersedia)">Lorica (biology)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_(anatomy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scale (anatomy) (halaman belum tersedia)">Scale (anatomy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangka" title="Rangka">Rangka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Testa_(biologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Testa (biologi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Testa (biologi)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theca (halaman belum tersedia)">Theca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periplas (halaman belum tersedia)">Periplas/pelikel</a></li> <li><i>Terkait-mitokondria:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hidrogenosom" title="Hidrogenosom">Hidrogenosom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitosom" title="Mitosom">Mitosom</a></li> <li><i>Terkait-nukleus:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nukleomorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nukleomorf (halaman belum tersedia)">Nukleomorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multinukleat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multinukleat (halaman belum tersedia)">Multinucleate cells</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasmodium_(Daur_hidup)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasmodium (Daur hidup) (halaman belum tersedia)">Plasmodium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikaryon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikaryon (halaman belum tersedia)">Dikaryon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterokaryon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterokaryon (halaman belum tersedia)">Heterokaryon</a></li> <li><i>Other:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kista_mikrobial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kista mikrobial (halaman belum tersedia)">Kista</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitostoma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitostoma (halaman belum tersedia)">Sitostoma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fimbria_(bakteriologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fimbria (bakteriologi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Fimbriae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrusome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extrusome (halaman belum tersedia)">Extrusome</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vakuola_kontraktil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vakuola kontraktil (halaman belum tersedia)">Vakuola kontraktil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eyespot_apparatus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eyespot apparatus (halaman belum tersedia)">Eyespot apparatus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrenoid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrenoid (halaman belum tersedia)">Pyrenoid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axostyle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axostyle (halaman belum tersedia)">Axostyle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastigont_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastigont system (halaman belum tersedia)">Mastigont system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ekologi dan fisiologi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekologi_mikrobial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekologi mikrobial (halaman belum tersedia)">Ekologi mikrobial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lourens_Baas_Becking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lourens Baas Becking (halaman belum tersedia)">Baas-Becking hypothesis</a></li> <li><i>Nutrisi</i>: <a href="/wiki/Autotrof" title="Autotrof">Autotrofi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fototrof" title="Fototrof">Fototrofi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heterotrof" title="Heterotrof">Heterotrofi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fagotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Fagotrofi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Osmotrofi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nutrisi_saprotrofik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nutrisi saprotrofik (halaman belum tersedia)">Saprotrofi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitisme" title="Parasitisme">Parasitisme</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Biotrofi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Necrotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Necrotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Necrotrofi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miksotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miksotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Miksotrofi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auksotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auksotrof (halaman belum tersedia)">Auksotrofi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Filum/divisi_kehidupan_yang_masih_ada_menurut_domain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kehidupan_di_Bumi" title="Templat:Kehidupan di Bumi"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Kehidupan_di_Bumi" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kehidupan di Bumi"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kehidupan_di_Bumi&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Filum/divisi_kehidupan_yang_masih_ada_menurut_domain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Filum" title="Filum">Filum</a>/<a href="/wiki/Divisi_(botani)" title="Divisi (botani)">divisi</a> <a href="/wiki/Kehidupan" title="Kehidupan">kehidupan</a> yang masih ada menurut <a href="/wiki/Domain_(biologi)" title="Domain (biologi)">domain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bacteria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Bakteri" title="Bakteri">Bacteria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acidobacteria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acidobacteria (halaman belum tersedia)">Acidobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actinobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinobacteria">Actinobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquificae" title="Aquificae">Aquificae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacteroidetes" title="Bacteroidetes">Bacteroidetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamydiae" title="Chlamydiae">Chlamydiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorobi" title="Chlorobi">Chlorobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroflexi" title="Chloroflexi">Chloroflexi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysiogenetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrysiogenetes (halaman belum tersedia)">Chrysiogenetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sianobakteri" title="Sianobakteri">Cyanobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deferribacteres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deferribacteres (halaman belum tersedia)">Deferribacteres</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deinococcus-Thermus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deinococcus-Thermus (halaman belum tersedia)">Deinococcus-Thermus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictyoglomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictyoglomi (halaman belum tersedia)">Dictyoglomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fibrobacteres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fibrobacteres (halaman belum tersedia)">Fibrobacteres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firmicutes" title="Firmicutes">Firmicutes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusobacteria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fusobacteria (halaman belum tersedia)">Fusobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemmatimonadetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemmatimonadetes (halaman belum tersedia)">Gemmatimonadetes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrospirae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrospirae (halaman belum tersedia)">Nitrospirae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planctomycetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planctomycetes (halaman belum tersedia)">Planctomycetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteobacteria" title="Proteobacteria">Proteobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirochaetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirochaetes">Spirochaetes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermodesulfobacteria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thermodesulfobacteria (halaman belum tersedia)">Thermodesulfobacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermomicrobia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thermomicrobia (halaman belum tersedia)">Thermomicrobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermotogae" title="Thermotogae">Thermotogae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verrucomicrobia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verrucomicrobia (halaman belum tersedia)">Verrucomicrobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Archaea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Arkea" title="Arkea">Archaea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crenarchaeota" title="Crenarchaeota">Crenarchaeota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korarchaeota" title="Korarchaeota">Korarchaeota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanoarchaeota" title="Nanoarchaeota">Nanoarchaeota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeal_Richmond_Mine_Acidophilic_Nanoorganisms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeal Richmond Mine Acidophilic Nanoorganisms (halaman belum tersedia)">Archaeal Richmond Mine Acidophilic Nanoorganisms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">Eukaryota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Protista</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heterokontophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterokontophyta">Heterokontophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haptophyta" title="Haptophyta">Haptophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptophyta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptophyta (halaman belum tersedia)">Cryptophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciliophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciliophora">Ciliophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apicomplexa" title="Apicomplexa">Apicomplexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinoflagellata" title="Dinoflagellata">Dinoflagellata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglenozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percolozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Percolozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Percolozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamonada" title="Metamonada">Metamonada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiolaria" title="Radiolaria">Radiolaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foraminifera" title="Foraminifera">Foraminifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercozoa" title="Cercozoa">Cercozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodophyta">Rhodophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chytridiomycota" title="Chytridiomycota">Chytridiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blastocladiomycota" title="Blastocladiomycota">Blastocladiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neocallimastigomycota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neocallimastigomycota (halaman belum tersedia)">Neocallimastigomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glomeromycota" title="Glomeromycota">Glomeromycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygomycota" title="Zygomycota">Zygomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan" title="Tumbuhan">Plantae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophyta" title="Chlorophyta">Chlorophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charophyta" title="Charophyta">Charophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumut_hati" title="Lumut hati">Marchantiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumut_tanduk" title="Lumut tanduk">Anthocerotophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumut_daun" title="Lumut daun">Bryophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycopodiophyta" title="Lycopodiophyta">Lycopodiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan_paku" title="Tumbuhan paku">Pteridophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycadophyta" title="Cycadophyta">Cycadophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginkgophyta" title="Ginkgophyta">Ginkgophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbuhan_runjung" title="Tumbuhan runjung">Pinophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnetophyta" title="Gnetophyta">Gnetophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnoliophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnoliophyta">Magnoliophyta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hewan" title="Hewan">Animalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porifera" title="Porifera">Porifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctenophora" title="Ctenophora">Ctenophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placozoa" title="Placozoa">Placozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnidaria" title="Cnidaria">Cnidaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenacoelomorpha" title="Xenacoelomorpha">Xenacoelomorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata">Chordata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemichordata" title="Hemichordata">Hemichordata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echinodermata" title="Echinodermata">Echinodermata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacing_panah" title="Cacing panah">Chaetognatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinorhyncha" title="Kinorhyncha">Kinorhyncha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loricifera" title="Loricifera">Loricifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapulida" title="Priapulida">Priapulida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nematoda" title="Nematoda">Nematoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nematomorpha" title="Nematomorpha">Nematomorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychophora" title="Onychophora">Onychophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tardigrada" title="Tardigrada">Tardigrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artropoda" title="Artropoda">Arthropoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platyhelminthes" title="Platyhelminthes">Platyhelminthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrotricha" title="Gastrotricha">Gastrotricha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthonectida" title="Orthonectida">Orthonectida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicyemida" title="Dicyemida">Dicyemida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotifera" title="Rotifera">Rotifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthocephala" title="Acanthocephala">Acanthocephala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnathostomulida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnathostomulida (halaman belum tersedia)">Gnathostomulida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Micrognathozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micrognathozoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Micrognathozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycliophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycliophora">Cycliophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemertea" title="Nemertea">Nemertea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoronida" title="Phoronida">Phoronida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryozoa" title="Bryozoa">Bryozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entoprocta" title="Entoprocta">Entoprocta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brakiopoda" title="Brakiopoda">Brachiopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moluska" title="Moluska">Mollusca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annelida" title="Annelida">Annelida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipuncula" title="Sipuncula">Sipuncula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><i><a href="/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis">Incertae sedis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Parakaryon_myojinensis" title="Parakaryon myojinensis">Parakaryon</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pengidentifikasi_takson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Pengidentifikasi_takson" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengidentifikasi_takson" title="Bantuan:Pengidentifikasi takson">Pengidentifikasi takson</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10892" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q10892">Q10892</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Protista" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Protista">Protista</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Protista">Protista</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1PROTK">1PROTK</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=71298">71298</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10892#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10892#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10892#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4135232-4">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85139670">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562366">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph1099727&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/2778330419">Microsoft Academic</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" 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