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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-節の種類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#節の種類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>節の種類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-節の種類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英語の節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英語の節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>英語の節</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-英語の節-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>英語の節サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-英語の節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-名詞節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#名詞節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>名詞節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-名詞節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-形容詞節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#形容詞節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>形容詞節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-形容詞節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-副詞節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#副詞節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>副詞節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-副詞節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ロジバンの節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ロジバンの節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ロジバンの節</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ロジバンの節-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>ロジバンの節サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ロジバンの節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-主節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>主節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-主節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-接続節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#接続節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>接続節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-接続節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-脚注-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>脚注サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-出典" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#出典"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>出典</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-出典-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-関連項目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#関連項目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>関連項目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-関連項目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">節 (文法)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語39件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="アラビア語: مركب إسنادي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مركب إسنادي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavarenn" title="ブルトン語: Lavarenn" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lavarenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ブルトン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymal_(gramadeg)" title="ウェールズ語: Cymal (gramadeg)" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymal (gramadeg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ウェールズ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teilsatz" title="ドイツ語: Teilsatz" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Teilsatz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clause" title="英語: Clause" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Clause" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propozicio" title="エスペラント語: Propozicio" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Propozicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osalause" title="エストニア語: Osalause" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Osalause" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF_(%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C)" title="ペルシア語: بند (زبان‌شناسی)" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بند (زبان‌شناسی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lause" title="フィンランド語: Lause" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lause" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposition_(grammaire)" title="フランス語: Proposition (grammaire)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Proposition (grammaire)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%A5" title="贛語: 子句" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="子句" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%A0s_(gr%C3%A0mar)" title="スコットランド・ゲール語: Clàs (gràmar)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Clàs (gràmar)" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="スコットランド・ゲール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8_(%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="ヘブライ語: איבר (תחביר)" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איבר (תחביר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klausa" title="インドネシア語: Klausa" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Klausa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setning_(setningafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="アイスランド語: Setning (setningafræði)" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Setning (setningafræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="アイスランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposizione_(linguistica)" title="イタリア語: Proposizione (linguistica)" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Proposizione (linguistica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klausa" title="ジャワ語: Klausa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Klausa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ジャワ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%88_(%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4%ED%95%99)" title="韓国語: 절 (언어학)" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="절 (언어학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausa_(grammatica)" title="ラテン語: Clausa (grammatica)" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Clausa (grammatica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ラテン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposa_(gramatica)" title="リングア・フランカ・ノバ: Proposa (gramatica)" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Proposa (gramatica)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="リングア・フランカ・ノバ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fehezankevitra_(fitsipiteny)" title="マダガスカル語: Fehezankevitra (fitsipiteny)" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fehezankevitra (fitsipiteny)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="マダガスカル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="マケドニア語: Дел-реченица" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дел-реченица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klausa" title="マレー語: Klausa" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Klausa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="マレー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95" title="パンジャブ語: ਉਪਵਾਕ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਪਵਾਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="パンジャブ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="Western Punjabi: واک" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="واک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ora%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(gram%C3%A1tica)" title="ポルトガル語: Oração (gramática)" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oração (gramática)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propozi%C8%9Bie_gramatical%C4%83" title="ルーマニア語: Propoziție gramaticală" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Propoziție gramaticală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="ロシア語: Клауза" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Клауза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clause" title="シンプル英語: Clause" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Clause" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="シンプル英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stavek" title="スロベニア語: Stavek" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stavek" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sats_(lingvistik)" title="スウェーデン語: Sats (lingvistik)" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sats (lingvistik)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungo_kishazi" title="スワヒリ語: Tungo kishazi" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tungo kishazi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="スワヒリ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="タミル語: உட்கூறு" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உட்கூறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="タミル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugnay" title="タガログ語: Sugnay" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sugnay" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="タガログ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_c%C3%BCmlecik" title="トルコ語: Yan cümlecik" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yan cümlecik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A5zlete" title="ワロン語: Fråzlete" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fråzlete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ワロン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%8E%E5%8F%A5" title="中国語: 从句" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="从句" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BBn-chat" title="閩南語: Bûn-chat" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bûn-chat" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%A5" title="広東語: 子句" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="子句" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="広東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q117364#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)" rel="discussion" title="本文ページについての議論 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ツール</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="その他の操作" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=history"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 全般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E5%85%83/%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)" title="ここにリンクしている全ウィキページの一覧 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>リンク元</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81/%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)" rel="nofollow" title="このページからリンクしているページの最近の更新 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>関連ページの更新状況</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ファイルをアップロードする [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ファイルをアップロード</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="特別ページの一覧 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>特別ページ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&oldid=100439316" title="このページのこの版への固定リンク"><span>この版への固定リンク</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=info" title="このページについての詳細情報"><span>ページ情報</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%92%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E7%AF%80_%28%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95%29&id=100439316&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="このページの引用方法"><span>このページを引用</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25AF%2580_%28%25E6%2596%2587%25E6%25B3%2595%29"><span>短縮URLを取得する</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25AF%2580_%28%25E6%2596%2587%25E6%25B3%2595%29"><span>QRコードをダウンロード</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 印刷/書き出し </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E7%AF%80+%28%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95%29"><span>ブックの新規作成</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%AF%80_%28%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF 形式でダウンロード</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&printable=yes" title="このページの印刷用ページ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷用バージョン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q117364" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">非表示</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101304250">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-出典の明記 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-出典の明記" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>この記事は<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%BC%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E6%80%A7" title="Wikipedia:検証可能性">検証可能</a>な<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BF%A1%E9%A0%BC%E3%81%A7%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8B%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:信頼できる情報源">参考文献や出典</a>が全く示されていないか、不十分です。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%82%92%E6%98%8E%E8%A8%98%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B" title="Wikipedia:出典を明記する">出典を追加</a>して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。<small>（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%98%8E%E8%A8%98/doc" title="Template:出典の明記/doc">このテンプレートの使い方</a>）</small><br /><small><span class="plainlinks">出典検索<a href="/wiki/Template:Find_sources_mainspace" title="Template:Find sources mainspace"><sup>?</sup></a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95&num=50">"節" 文法</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95&tbm=nws">ニュース</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&tbs=bks:1&q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">書籍</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.co.jp/scholar?num=100&hl=ja&q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">スカラー</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/opensearch/search?lang=ja&q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95&range=2&count=200&sortorder=1&type=0">CiNii</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/result/global/-char/ja?globalSearchKey=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">J-STAGE</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/api/openurl?any=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">NDL</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dlib.jp/?q=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">dlib.jp</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jpsearch.go.jp/csearch/jps-cross?csid=jps-cross&keyword=%22%E7%AF%80%22+%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95">ジャパンサーチ</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/">TWL</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date"><span title="2012-1">2012年1月</span></span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>英文法</dt> <dd><b>節</b>（せつ、clause）とは、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87" title="文">文</a>を構成する、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B0%E8%AA%9E" title="述語">述語</a>とその<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%85_(%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="項 (言語学)">項</a>からなるまとまりのことで、その中でも特に定形 (finite) のものだけを指す。いくつかの語が集まって文の一部を構成するとともに、それ自体の中に〈主語＋述語〉を持っているもの<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <dl><dt>フランス語文法</dt> <dd>〈主語＋述語動詞〉の基本形式を備えている表現単位は、文法的分析において節(proposition)と呼ばれる。(英語の clause である)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="節の種類"><span id=".E7.AF.80.E3.81.AE.E7.A8.AE.E9.A1.9E"></span>節の種類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 節の種類"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>節はそれぞれに述語を含むが、文全体の中心となる述語節（主節）に対する働きによって以下のような分類される。なお節はそれぞれ単一の品詞と同じような働きをするので品詞名で呼ばれることもある。 </p> <dl><dt>主節</dt> <dd>文全体をまとめる節。日本語において主節の述語は文末に置かれる。</dd> <dt>接続節</dt> <dd>主節以外の節で、主節への接続の仕方によって並列節と従属節に分けられる。 <dl><dt>並列節</dt> <dd>意味的に主節と対等の関係にある節。例えば、「私は彼が好きだが、」といった節。</dd> <dt>従属節</dt> <dd>主節に対して従属的にかかっている節。なお副詞節のみを従属節とする考え方もある。 <dl><dt>連体修飾節</dt> <dd>名詞を修飾する節。形容詞節とも呼ばれる。</dd> <dt>副詞節</dt> <dd>述語や文全体を修飾する節。連用修飾節は副詞節の一部である。</dd> <dt>補足節</dt> <dd>述語を補足する名詞としての役割をになった節。名詞節とも言われる。日本語では「の」「こと」などによって名詞化されるものや「～と」「～か」などによって引用されるものをいう。</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E8%AA%9E" title="ドイツ語">ドイツ語</a>などでは従属節とそれ以外の主文とで<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E9%A0%86" title="語順">語順</a>が異なる。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%A0%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="枠構造">枠構造</a>・<a href="/wiki/V2%E8%AA%9E%E9%A0%86" title="V2語順">V2語順</a>を参照。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="英語の節"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E8.AA.9E.E3.81.AE.E7.AF.80"></span>英語の節</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 英語の節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="名詞節"><span id=".E5.90.8D.E8.A9.9E.E7.AF.80"></span>名詞節</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 名詞節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>名詞節</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_clause" class="extiw" title="en:Noun clause">Noun clause</a></span>）は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%A9%9E" title="名詞">名詞</a>と同様のはたらきをする。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%91%E5%95%8F%E8%A9%9E" title="疑問詞">疑問詞</a>（who, what, why, where）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82%E8%A9%9E" title="関係詞">関係詞</a>（what, why, when, how）、従位接続詞（that, if, whether）によって導かれ、文中で主語、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E8%AA%9E" title="補語">補語</a>及び<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%9E" title="目的語">目的語</a>の役割を果たす。なおthatは、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%BC" title="同格">同格</a>（先行する名詞を説明するので形容詞的であるが）の名詞節を導くことがある。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="形容詞節"><span id=".E5.BD.A2.E5.AE.B9.E8.A9.9E.E7.AF.80"></span>形容詞節</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 形容詞節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>形容詞節</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjectival_clause" class="extiw" title="en:Adjectival clause">Adjectival clause</a></span>）は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%AE%B9%E8%A9%9E" title="形容詞">形容詞</a>と同様のはたらきをする。 </p> <ul><li>関係詞（who, which, that, why, when, where, as, but, than）によって導かれ、文中で先行詞となる名詞や<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E5%90%8D%E8%A9%9E" title="代名詞">代名詞</a>を修飾し、意味を説明したり、限定したりする役割を果たす。直接後置して修飾するものは制限節（restrictive clause）という、関係詞は省略されることがある。<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E" title="コンマ">コンマ</a>（, ）に夾まれて補足説明的に修飾するものは非制限節（nonrestrictive clause）という。関係詞は略されることがない。</li></ul> <ol><li>The girl <b>who is playing tennis with your friend</b> is my younger sister. （あなたの友達とテニスをしている少女は私の妹です。注：制限節。whoは省略不可。）</li> <li>The girl <b>(who) your friend is playing tennis with</b> is my younger sister. （あなたの友達がテニスをしている少女は私の妹です。注：制限節。whoは省略可。）</li> <li>The girl, <b>who played tennis with your friend</b>, went back home. （あなたの友達とテニスをした、あの少女は家に帰った。注；非制限節。whoは省略不可。）</li> <li>This is　<i>the same</i> watch <b>as I lost yesterday.</b> （これは、私が昨日なくした時計と同じ物だ。注；関係代名詞asは、the same＋名詞, such＋名詞を先行詞とする。）</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="副詞節"><span id=".E5.89.AF.E8.A9.9E.E7.AF.80"></span>副詞節</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 副詞節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>副詞節</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial_clause" class="extiw" title="en:Adverbial clause">Adverbial clause</a></span>）は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E8%A9%9E" title="副詞">副詞</a>と同様のはたらきをする。 </p> <ul><li>条件、原因・理由、程度、譲歩、時、目的、様態などを表現する従位接続詞（if, in case, whether, because, since, as, so...that, as far as, as long as, though, although, even if, when, before, after, till, until, as soon as, in order that, so that, for fear(that), as if, as though, where, that）や複合関係副詞（whatever, whenever, wherever, however）によって導かれ、文中で主節全体を修飾するものをいう。</li></ul> <ol><li><b>Even if it rains tomorrow,</b> I must go out. （たとえ明日雨であっても、私は出かけなければならない。）</li> <li>I have to go to the library <b>so that I may return the book.</b> （わたしは、その本をかえすために図書館へいかなければならない。）</li> <li><b>If she had been born</b> three hundred years ago, she would have succeeded to the throne. （もし300年前に生まれていたら、彼女は女王になったであろう。）</li> <li><b>Though I was very tired</b>, I continued to work. （私は非常に疲れていたが、仕事を続けた。）</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ロジバンの節"><span id=".E3.83.AD.E3.82.B8.E3.83.90.E3.83.B3.E3.81.AE.E7.AF.80"></span>ロジバンの節</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=6" title="節を編集: ロジバンの節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div lang=""> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E" title="人工言語">人工言語</a><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3" title="ロジバン">ロジバン</a>における上述の節の各種類に相当する例を挙げる。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="主節"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E7.AF.80"></span>主節</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=7" title="節を編集: 主節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">i</span> ko'e pendo mi</b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼は私の友達だ。</span></dd> <dd><b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">i</span> ko'e pendo mi</b> gi'e cadzu lo panka <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼は私の友達で、公園を歩く。</span></dd> <dd><b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">i</span> ko'e pendo mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ije</span> ri cadzu lo panka</b>　<span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼は私の友達だ。そしてそれは公園を歩く。</span></dd> <dd><b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">i ge</span> ko'e pendo mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">gi</span> ri cadzu lo panka</b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼は私の友達だ。そしてそれは公園を歩く。</span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="接続節"><span id=".E6.8E.A5.E7.B6.9A.E7.AF.80"></span>接続節</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=8" title="節を編集: 接続節"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>i lo gerku cu pendo mi <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">gi'e</span> cadzu lo panka</b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼は私の友達で、公園を歩く。　（並列節）</span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>i lo gerku <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">poi</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #B06363;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ke'a</span> pendo mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ku'o</span></b> cu cadzu <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　私の友達である犬が歩く。　（従属・連体修飾節、制限・客観）</span></dd> <dd>i lo gerku <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">noi</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #B06363;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ke'a</span> pendo mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ku'o</span></b> cu cadzu <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　犬―それは私の友達だが―が歩く。　（従属・連体修飾節、非制限・客観）</span></dd> <dd>i lo gerku <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">voi</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #B06363;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ke'a</span> pendo mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ku'o</span></b> cu cadzu <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">（私の友達、と私が呼んでいる・思っている犬が歩く。　（従属・連体修飾節、制限・主観）</span></dd> <dd><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color:black;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">＊<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E4%BB%A3%E5%90%8D%E8%A9%9E" title="再帰代名詞">再帰代名詞</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E3%83%80%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97" title="ラムダ計算">ラムダ</a>として ke'a を用い、節の終点は ku'o で示す。構文上の曖昧性をきたさなければこれらは省ける（これらの例では省ける）。</span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>i mi na barkla <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ki'u lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">nu</span> carvi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　出かけない、雨が降っているので。　（従属・副詞節）</span></dd> <dd>i <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">ki'u lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">nu</span> carvi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> mi na barkla <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　雨が降っているので私は出かけない。　（従属・副詞節）</span></dd> <dd>i mi ei klama lo ckuzda <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">tezu'e lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">nu</span> xruti lo cukta <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　私は図書館へ行かなければならない、その本を返すために。　（従属・副詞節）</span></dd> <dd>i <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">tezu'e lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">nu</span> xruti lo cukta <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> mi ei klama lo ckuzda <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　その本を返すために私は図書館へ行かなければならない。　（従属・副詞節）</span></dd> <dd><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color:black;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">＊節を開くのにNU類を用い、終点は kei で示す。構文上の曖昧性をきたさなければ kei は省ける（1つめと3つめの例では省ける）。開いた節は<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%85_(%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="項 (言語学)">項</a>としてLE類（lo など）でまとめ、これを<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E8%A9%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="前置詞">前置詞</a>に相当するBAI類（ki'u, tezu'e など）で主節に結びつける。</span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>i mi na djuno <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">du'u</span> ko'o na barkla ki'u ma kau <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　私は彼女がなぜ出かけないのか知らない。　（従属・補足節）</span></dd> <dd>i <b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #488E8E;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">lo</span> <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">du'u</span> ko'o na barkla ki'u ma kau <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:100%;color: #336666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">kei</span></b> cu na se djuno mi <span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color: #666666;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">　彼女がなぜ出かけないのか、私は知らない。　（従属・補足節）</span></dd> <dd><span style="font-family:sans-serif;weight:normal;font-size:small;color:black;background-color:transparent;stretch:normal;;">＊ lo du'u ... kei は mi と同様、賓辞 djuno がとる項であり、統語論上は対等な関係にある。構文上の曖昧性をきたさなければ kei は省ける（1つめの例では省ける）。</span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=9" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="float:right; font-size:90%;">[<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8/%E8%AA%AD%E8%80%85%E5%90%91%E3%81%91" title="Help:脚注/読者向け"><span title="この欄の操作法">脚注の使い方</span></a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="出典"><span id=".E5.87.BA.E5.85.B8"></span>出典</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=10" title="節を編集: 出典"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">徹底解説ロワイヤル英文法・旺文社 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">現代フランス公文典・白水社 2018</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="関連項目"><span id=".E9.96.A2.E9.80.A3.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE"></span>関連項目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80_(%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&section=11" title="節を編集: 関連項目"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%AF%80" 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