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Jepang - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prasejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prasejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prasejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prasejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaman_Klasik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaman_Klasik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Zaman Klasik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaman_Klasik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaman_Pertengahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaman_Pertengahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Zaman Pertengahan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaman_Pertengahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaman_Modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaman_Modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Zaman Modern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaman_Modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Geografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geografi_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Geologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klimatologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimatologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Klimatologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimatologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Politik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parlemen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parlemen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Parlemen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parlemen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keluarga_kekaisaran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keluarga_kekaisaran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Keluarga kekaisaran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keluarga_kekaisaran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Hubungan luar negeri dan militer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pembagian_administratif" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembagian_administratif"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Pembagian administratif</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembagian_administratif-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Demografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pendidikan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pendidikan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Pendidikan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pendidikan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peringkat_internasional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peringkat_internasional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Peringkat internasional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peringkat_internasional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Budaya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Makanan_populer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makanan_populer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Makanan populer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Makanan_populer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bacaan lebih lanjut</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jepang</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 324 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-324" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">324 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Иапониа – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Иапониа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeupang" title="Jeupang – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Jeupang" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Японие – Adygei" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Японие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јопон – Altai Selatan" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Јопон" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Altai Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%83%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%95" title="ጃፓን – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripon" title="Ripon – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ripon" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chap%C3%B3n" title="Chapón – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chapón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليابان – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%A6%DC%A2" title="ܝܦܢ – Aram" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܦܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aram" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="الجاپون – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الجاپون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليابان – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipona" title="Nipona – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Nipona" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihun" title="Nihun – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Nihun" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="ژاپون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ژاپون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japuon%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Japuonėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Japuonėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa&#039;O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa&#039;O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉི་ཧོང་། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉི་ཧོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%8D%E1%A8%9B%E1%A8%84%CC%8C" title="ᨍᨛᨄ̌ – Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨍᨛᨄ̌" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Япон Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Япон Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3" title="Japó – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Japó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%ADk-bu%C5%8Dng" title="Nĭk-buōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nĭk-buōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="Ипнойчоь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ипнойчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapan" title="Chapan – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Chapan" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A3%E1%8F%A9%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%8F" title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%86%D9%86" title="ژاپۆن – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژاپۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap%C4%81n" title="Capān – Kree" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Capān" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="Kree" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B2%C5%84sk%C3%B4" title="Japòńskô – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Japòńskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%99%96%D0%BF%D1%A1%D0%BD%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ – Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japa%C5%84ska" title="Japańska – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Japańska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%96%DE%A6%DE%95%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%AA" title="ޖަޕާނު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޖަޕާނު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%93" title="ཇ་པཱན – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཇ་པཱན" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giap%C3%B2%E1%B9%85" title="Giapòṅ – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Giapòṅ" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanio" title="Japanio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Japanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86" title="ژاپن – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژاپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjapon" title="Gjapon – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Gjapon" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSeap%C3%A1in" title="An tSeapáin – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSeapáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Iapan" title="An Iapan – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Iapan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A4%D9%86" title="ژاپؤن – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ژاپؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hap%C3%B5" title="Hapõ – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hapõ" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जपान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japangi" title="Japangi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Japangi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽 – Gotik" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="જાપાન – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જાપાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_%C3%87hapaan" title="Yn Çhapaan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Çhapaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngi%CC%8Dt-p%C3%BAn" title="Ngi̍t-pún – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngi̍t-pún" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C4%81pana" title="Iāpana – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Iāpana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="יפן – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanska" title="Japanska – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Japanska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A1n" title="Japán – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Japán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ճապոնիա – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճապոնիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ճափոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճափոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jipun" title="Jipun – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jipun" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-igl mw-list-item"><a href="https://igl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igala" lang="igl" hreflang="igl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igala" data-language-local-name="Igala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippan" title="Nippan – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nippan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%94%AD%E1%90%B9%E1%93%90" title="ᔭᐹᓐ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᔭᐹᓐ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pongu%27e" title="pongu&#039;e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pongu&#039;e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იაპონია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapan" title="Yapan – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Yapan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Kabardi" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap%C9%94%C5%8B" title="Sapɔŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sapɔŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%CC%B1pan" title="Ja̱pan – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ja̱pan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jopang" title="Jopang – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jopang" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жапония – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%93" title="ជប៉ុន – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ជប៉ុន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8" title="일본 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일본" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ниппон – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ниппон" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Джапония – Karachai Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Джапония" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachai Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dialek Kolsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Dialek Kolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihon" title="Nihon – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Nihon" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жапония – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iaponia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nion" title="Nion – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Nion" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappon" title="Giappon – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Giappon" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%C9%94%CC%81" title="Zapɔ́ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zapɔ́" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B8%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonija" title="Japonija – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Japonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoneja" title="Japoneja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Japoneja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C4%81na" title="Japāna – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Japāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeppang" title="Jeppang – Madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Jeppang" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Японмастор – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Японмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A0na" title="Japàna – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Japàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Японий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Японий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipono" title="Nipono – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Nipono" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јапонија – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јапонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ജപ്പാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജപ്പാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जपान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0appun" title="Ġappun – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġappun" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Япония Мастор – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Япония Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="جاپون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جاپون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%97%DF%AD%DF%8A%DF%94%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%AB" title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Ndebele Selatan" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="Ndebele Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiNdebele seSewula</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Sotho Utara" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Sotho Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1daa%C5%82ts%CA%BC%C3%B3z%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japounii" title="Japounii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Japounii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaappaan" title="Jaappaan – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Jaappaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ଜାପାନ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜାପାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜਪਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਪਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pangasina" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Pidgin Nigeria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Pidgin Nigeria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman Pennsylvania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Pennsylvania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A3o" title="Japão – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Japão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dripun" title="Dripun – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Dripun" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihun" title="Nihun – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nihun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapun" title="Giapun – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Giapun" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapon" title="Yapon – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Yapon" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuyapani" title="Ubuyapani – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubuyapani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="जपान् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जपान्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дьоппуон – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьоппуон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapone" title="Giapone – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Giapone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappuni" title="Giappuni – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Giappuni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1hpan" title="Jáhpan – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Jáhpan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%C3%B6o" title="Zapöo – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Zapöo" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BB%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ජපානය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජපානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonska" title="Japonska – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Japonska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapani" title="Iapani – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Iapani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapaan" title="Jaapaan – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Jaapaan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabaan" title="Jabaan – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jabaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Јапан – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јапан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJaphani" title="IJaphani – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IJaphani" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C5%AF%C5%84ijo" title="Japůńijo – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Japůńijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipun" title="Zipun – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Zipun" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="யப்பான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யப்பான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%AB%E1%A5%92%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%93%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%99%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%A2%E1%A5%B1" title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="జపాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జపాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japaun" title="Japaun – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Japaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ҷопон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷопон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%83%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%95" title="ጃፓን – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Daponi%C3%BDa" title="Ýaponiýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýaponiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonij%C9%99" title="Japonijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Japonijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapani" title="Siapani – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Siapani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapan" title="Siapan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Siapan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Tunux" title="Tanah Tunux – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Tanah Tunux" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81p%C5%8Dn%C4%93" title="Tāpōnē – Tahiti" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Tāpōnē" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Tuvinia" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ياپونىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ياپونىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonii" title="Japonii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Japonii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3n" title="Nhật Bản – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhật Bản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yap%C3%A4n" title="Yapän – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Yapän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djapon" title="Djapon – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djapon" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapo%C5%8B" title="Sapoŋ – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sapoŋ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8x%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3" title="Ниxуудин Нутг – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Ниxуудин Нутг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJapani" title="IJapani – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IJapani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იაპონია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9F" title="יאפאן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יאפאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyiedbonj" title="Nyiedbonj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Nyiedbonj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%CC%8Dt-p%C3%BAn" title="Ji̍t-pún – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ji̍t-pún" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJaphani" title="IJaphani – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IJaphani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Jepang" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jepang"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jepang"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Jepang" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Jepang" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;oldid=26500691" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&amp;page=Jepang&amp;id=26500691&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJepang"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJepang"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Jepang"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Jepang&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jepang" hreflang="id"><span>Wikikutip</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel ini bukan mengenai <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output 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.ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-b{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Jepang</div><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;">日本国 <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:90%;"><span title="Jepang-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Nippon-koku</i></span> atau <span title="Jepang-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Nihon-koku</i></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Jepang"><img alt="Bendera Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/125px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/188px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/250px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Bendera_Jepang" title="Bendera Jepang">Bendera</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cap Kekaisaran Jepang"><img alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/85px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/128px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=jv&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="jv" label="Jawa ‪(jv)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ka&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ka" label="ქართული ‪(ka)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=kk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kk" label="қазақша ‪(kk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=km&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="km" label="ភាសាខ្មែរ ‪(km)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ko&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ky&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ky" label="кыргызча ‪(ky)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=la&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="la" label="Latina ‪(la)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=lb&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lb" label="Lëtzebuergesch ‪(lb)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=lo&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lo" label="ລາວ ‪(lo)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=lt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lt" label="lietuvių ‪(lt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=lv&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lv" label="latviešu ‪(lv)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=lzh&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lzh" label="文言 ‪(lzh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mi" label="Māori ‪(mi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mk" label="македонски ‪(mk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ml&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ml" label="മലയാളം ‪(ml)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mn&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mn" label="монгол ‪(mn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mnw&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mnw" label="ဘာသာမန် ‪(mnw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ms&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=mt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mt" label="Malti ‪(mt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=my&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="my" label="မြန်မာဘာသာ ‪(my)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=nb&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nb" label="norsk bokmål ‪(nb)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ne&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ne" label="नेपाली ‪(ne)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=nl&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nl" label="Nederlands ‪(nl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=pl&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=pt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ro&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ro" label="română ‪(ro)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ru&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=rue&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="rue" label="русиньскый ‪(rue)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sah&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sah" label="саха тыла ‪(sah)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sco&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sco" label="Scots ‪(sco)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sk" label="slovenčina ‪(sk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sl&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sl" label="slovenščina ‪(sl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sm&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sm" label="Gagana Samoa ‪(sm)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sq&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sq" label="shqip ‪(sq)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sr&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=sv&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sv" label="svenska ‪(sv)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=ta&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ta" label="தமிழ் ‪(ta)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=th&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=tl&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=to&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="to" label="lea faka-Tonga ‪(to)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=tr&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tr" label="Türkçe ‪(tr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=tt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tt" label="татарча / tatarça ‪(tt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=uk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=uz&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uz" label="oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ‪(uz)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=vi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=yue&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="yue" label="粵語 ‪(yue)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=zh-tw&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文(臺灣) ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&amp;lang=zh&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Lambang_Pemerintah_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambang Pemerintah Jepang">Lambang Pemerintah Jepang</a></b><br /><div style="padding:0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Goshichi_no_kiri.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Meterai Kantor Perdana Menteri dan Pemerintah Jepang"><img alt="Meterai Kantor Perdana Menteri dan Pemerintah Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/80px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/120px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/160px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div><span lang="ja">五七桐</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Go-Shichi no Kiri</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Japan_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="536" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Perlihatkan Bumi</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag-map_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/220px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/330px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/440px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4074" data-file-height="4585" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Perlihatkan peta Bendera</span></div></div><div style="font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;">Area yang dikendalikan oleh Jepang ditunjukkan dengan warna hijau&#160;– Area yang diklaim ditunjukkan dengan warna hijau cerah</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Japan_-_Location_Map_(2013)_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg&amp;lang=id" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokasi Jepang"><img alt="Lokasi Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-250px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-375px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-500px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="251" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota">Ibu kota</a><br /><div style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kota_di_Jepang" title="Daftar kota di Jepang">(dan kota terbesar)</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jepang&amp;language=id&amp;params=35_41_N_139_46_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°41′N</span> <span class="longitude">139°46′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.683°N 139.767°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">35.683; 139.767</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_resmi" title="Bahasa resmi">Bahasa resmi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Tidak ada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_nasional" title="Bahasa nasional">Bahasa nasional</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">Jepang</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Kelompok_etnik" title="Kelompok etnik">Kelompok&#160;etnik</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (2011)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>98,5% <a href="/wiki/Orang_Jepang" title="Orang Jepang">Jepang</a></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:2.5em"><ul><li><span class="nowrap">&#160;┗<a href="/wiki/Orang_Yamato" title="Orang Yamato">Yamato</a></span></li><li>&#160;┗<a href="/wiki/Orang_Ainu" title="Orang Ainu">Ainu</a></li><li>&#160;┗<a href="/wiki/Orang_Ryukyu" title="Orang Ryukyu">Ryukyu</a></li></ul></div></li><li>0,5% <a href="/wiki/Orang_Korea_di_Jepang" title="Orang Korea di Jepang">Korea</a></li><li>0,4% <a href="/wiki/Orang_Tionghoa_di_Jepang" title="Orang Tionghoa di Jepang">Tionghoa</a></li><li>0,6% lainnya</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">Agama</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-Dentsu2006_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dentsu2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>62% <a href="/wiki/Tidak_beragama" title="Tidak beragama">Tidak beragama</a></li> <li>31% <a href="/wiki/Buddhisme_di_Jepang" title="Buddhisme di Jepang">Buddhisme</a></li> <li>3% <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></li> <li>1% <a href="/wiki/Kekristenan_di_Jepang" title="Kekristenan di Jepang">Kekristenan</a></li> <li>1% Lainnya</li> <li>2% Tidak menjawab</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Jepang" title="Politik Jepang">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">Kesatuan</a> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_parlementer" title="Sistem parlementer">parlementer</a> <a href="/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang" title="Kaisar Jepang">Kaisar</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislatif" title="Legislatif">Legislatif</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang" title="Parlemen Jepang">Diet Nasional</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi">Majelis Tinggi</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">参議院<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi Jepang">Sangi-in</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Majelis_Rendah" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah">Majelis Rendah</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">衆議院<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Rendah_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah Jepang">Shūgi-in</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Jepang" title="Sejarah Jepang">Pembentukan</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hari_Pembentukan_Negara" title="Hari Pembentukan Negara">Hari Pembentukan Negara</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">11 Februari 660&#160;SM<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Meiji" title="Konstitusi Meiji">Konstitusi Meiji</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 November 1890</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Konstitusi saat ini </div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 Mei 1947</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_San_Francisco" title="Perjanjian San Francisco">Perjanjian San Francisco</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">28 April 1952</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Geografi_Jepang" title="Geografi Jepang">Luas </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">377.974 km<sup>2</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_luas_wilayah" title="Daftar negara menurut luas wilayah">61</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Perairan" title="Perairan">Perairan</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Persentase" title="Persentase">%</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,55</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Demografi_Jepang" title="Demografi Jepang">Penduduk</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;Perkiraan&#160;2022</div></th><td class="infobox-data">124.214.766<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_jumlah_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk">11</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;Sensus Penduduk&#160;2020</div></th><td class="infobox-data">126.226.568<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kepadatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepadatan">Kepadatan</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">332/km<sup>2</sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">24</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">KKB</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $6,110 triliun<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">4</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Per_kapita" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $48.813 <sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">36</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $4,301 triliun<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">3</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">&#160;-&#160;<a href="/wiki/Per_kapita" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $34.358 <sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)_per_kapita" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal) per kapita">30</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Koefisien_Gini" title="Koefisien Gini">Gini</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(2018)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Steady"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span>&#160;33,4<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:orange">sedang</span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kesetaraan_pendapatan" title="Daftar negara menurut kesetaraan pendapatan">78</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">IPM</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>&#160;0,925<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:darkgreen">sangat tinggi</span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Daftar negara menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">19</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mata_uang" title="Mata uang">Mata uang</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yen" title="Yen">Yen</a> (¥)&#160;/ <span lang="ja">円</span> <br />(<code><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">JPY</a></code>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zona_waktu" title="Zona waktu">Zona waktu</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Standar_Jepang" title="Waktu Standar Jepang">JST</a><br />(<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>+9</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Kalender" title="Kalender">Format tanggal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>yyyy-mm-dd</li><li><span lang="ja">yyyy年m月d日</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nama_zaman_di_Jepang" title="Nama zaman di Jepang">Era</a>&#160;<span lang="ja">yy年m月d日</span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Zaman_Reiwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman Reiwa">Era Reiwa</a>−2019)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arah_lalu_lintas" title="Arah lalu lintas">Lajur kemudi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">kiri</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_telepon_di_Jepang" title="Nomor telepon di Jepang">Kode telepon</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="+81 (halaman belum tersedia)">+81</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">Kode ISO 3166</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:JP" title="ISO 3166-2:JP">JP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ranah_Internet_tingkat_teratas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranah Internet tingkat teratas">Ranah Internet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.jp" title=".jp">.jp</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="line-height:11pt"><b>Situs web resmi</b><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japan.go.jp/index.html">www.japan.go.jp</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><ol style="font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"> <li value="1"><a href="/wiki/Diet_Nasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Diet Nasional">Diet Nasional</a> Jepang belum secara resmi memberlakukan undang-undang yang menyatakan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a> adalah bahasa resmi negara.<sup id="cite_ref-houseikyokusangiin_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-houseikyokusangiin-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> </ol></div></td></tr><tr style="font-size:90%;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Jepang_infobox" title="Templat:Jepang infobox"><span title="Lihat templat ini">lihat</span></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Jepang_infobox" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Jepang infobox"><span title="Diskusikan templat ini">bicara</span></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Jepang_infobox&amp;action=edit"><span title="Sunting templat ini">sunting</span></a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below mergedtoprow noprint"><div class="none" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:normal;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_country&amp;action=edit&amp;section=top&amp;editintro=Templat:Infobox/editintro2"><span style="color:#3464c9"><b>Sunting kotak info</b></span></a></span>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country" title="Templat:Infobox country"><span style="display:inline-text;color:#3464c9">Lihat</span></a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Infobox_country" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Infobox country"><span style="color:#3464c9">Bicara</span></a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country/doc" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Bantuan penggunaan templat ini</figcaption></figure> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width:260px; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#B0C4DE;" colspan="2" align="center">Jepang </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%" valign="top">Makna harfiah: </td> <td style="width:50%">Negara Jepang </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#B0C4DE; border-top:1px solid;"><b>Nama Jepang</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%;"><span lang="ja"> 日本国 </span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%;"><span lang="ja"> にっぽんこく<br />にほんこく </span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%;"><span lang="ja"> ニッポンコク<br />ニホンコク </span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="/wiki/Kyujitai" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyujitai">Kyujitai</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%;"><span lang="ja"> 日本國 </span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="border:0; background:#f7f8ff; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#F9FFBC;">Alih aksara </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign=">- <a href="/wiki/Romaji" title="Romaji">Romaji</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%">Nippon-koku<br />Nihon-koku </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign=">- <a href="/wiki/Romanisasi_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanisasi Hepburn">Revisi</a>: </td> <td style="width:50%">Nippon-koku<br />Nihon-koku </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Jepang</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>: 日本国, <i>Nippon-koku</i> atau <i>Nihon-koku</i>) adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">negara kesatuan</a> yang bersistem <a href="/wiki/Sistem_parlementer" title="Sistem parlementer">parlementer</a> dengan berbentuk <a href="/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> dan juga <a href="/wiki/Negara_kepulauan" title="Negara kepulauan">negara kepulauan</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Timur" title="Asia Timur">Asia Timur</a>. Letaknya di ujung barat <a href="/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>, di sebelah timur <a href="/wiki/Laut_Jepang" title="Laut Jepang">Laut Jepang</a>, dan bersebelahan dengan <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>. Pulau-pulau paling utara berada di <a href="/wiki/Laut_Okhotsk" title="Laut Okhotsk">Laut Okhotsk</a> dan wilayah paling selatan berupa kelompok pulau-pulau kecil di <a href="/wiki/Laut_Tiongkok_Timur" title="Laut Tiongkok Timur">Laut Tiongkok Timur</a>, tepatnya di sebelah selatan <a href="/wiki/Okinawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa">Okinawa</a> yang berseberangan dengan <a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Taiwan</a>. </p><p>Jepang terdiri dari 6.852 pulau<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan menjadikannya sebagai negara kepulauan. Pulau-pulau utama dari utara ke selatan adalah <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honshu" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> (pulau terbesar), <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>. Sekitar 97% wilayah daratan Jepang berada di keempat pulau terbesarnya. Sebagian besar pulau di Jepang bergunung-<a href="/wiki/Gunung" title="Gunung">gunung</a>, dan sebagian di antaranya merupakan <a href="/wiki/Gunung_berapi" title="Gunung berapi">gunung berapi</a>. Gunung tertinggi di Jepang adalah <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Fuji" title="Gunung Fuji">Gunung Fuji</a> yang merupakan sebuah gunung berapi. Penduduk Jepang berjumlah 128 juta jiwa, dan berada di peringkat ke-10 negara berpenduduk terbanyak di dunia. <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> secara <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> adalah <a href="/wiki/Ibu_kota_Jepang" title="Ibu kota Jepang">ibu kota Jepang</a>, dan berkedudukan sebagai sebuah <a href="/wiki/Prefektur" title="Prefektur">prefektur</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Raya" title="Tokyo Raya">Tokyo Raya</a> adalah sebutan untuk Tokyo dan beberapa kota yang berada di prefektur sekelilingnya. Sebagai daerah <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan">metropolitan</a> terluas di dunia, Tokyo Raya berpenduduk lebih dari 30 juta orang dan menjadikan nya kota terpadat di dunia. </p><p>Menurut <a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Jepang" title="Mitologi Jepang">mitologi Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> didirikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jimmu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Jimmu">kaisar Jimmu</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-7_SM" title="Abad ke-7 SM">abad ke-7 SM</a>. Kaisar Jimmu memulai mata rantai monarki Jepang yang tidak terputus hingga kini. Meskipun begitu, sepanjang sejarahnya kebanyakan masa kekuatan sebenarnya berada di tangan <a href="/wiki/Syogun" title="Syogun">syogun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a> dan memasuki zaman modern, di tangan <a href="/wiki/Perdana_menteri" title="Perdana menteri">perdana menteri</a>. Menurut <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang" title="Konstitusi Jepang">konstitusi Jepang</a> tahun <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>, Jepang adalah <a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">negara kesatuan</a> <a href="/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> di bawah pimpinan <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang" title="Kaisar Jepang">kaisar Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang" title="Parlemen Jepang">parlemen Jepang</a>. </p><p>Sebagai <a href="/wiki/Negara_maju" title="Negara maju">negara maju</a> di bidang <a href="/wiki/Ekonomi" title="Ekonomi">ekonomi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jepang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">produk domestik bruto</a> terbesar nomor tiga setelah <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a>, dan masuk dalam urutan tiga besar <a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja</a>. Jepang merupakan anggota <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_untuk_Kerjasama_dan_Pengembangan_Ekonomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi">Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik">Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik</a>. Jepang memiliki kekuatan militer yang memadai lengkap dengan sistem pertahanan modern seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=AEGIS&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="AEGIS (halaman belum tersedia)">AEGIS</a> serta skuat armada besar <a href="/wiki/Kapal_perusak" title="Kapal perusak">kapal perusak</a>. Dalam perdagangan luar negeri, Jepang berada di peringkat ke-4 negara pengekspor terbesar dan peringkat ke-6 negara pengimpor terbesar di dunia. Sebagai <a href="/wiki/Negara_maju" title="Negara maju">negara maju</a>, penduduk Jepang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Standar_hidup" title="Standar hidup">standar hidup</a> yang tinggi (peringkat ke-8 dalam daftar negara menurut <a href="/wiki/Indeks_pembangunan_manusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Indeks pembangunan manusia">indeks pembangunan manusia</a>) dan angka harapan hidup tertinggi di dunia menurut perkiraan PBB.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam bidang <a href="/wiki/Teknologi" title="Teknologi">teknologi</a>, Jepang maju di bidang telekomunikasi, permesinan, dan robotika. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Nama-nama_Jepang_(negara)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nama-nama Jepang (negara)">Nama-nama Jepang (negara)</a></div> <p>Jepang disebut <i>Nippon</i> atau <i>Nihon</i> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>. Kedua kata ini ditulis dengan <a href="/wiki/Huruf_kanji" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf kanji">huruf kanji</a> yang sama, yaitu <span lang="ja">日本</span> (secara <a href="/wiki/Harfiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Harfiah">harfiah</a>: asal-muasal <a href="/wiki/Matahari" title="Matahari">matahari</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-schreiber_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schreiber-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebutan <i>Nippon</i> sering digunakan dalam urusan resmi, termasuk nama negara dalam <a href="/wiki/Yen" title="Yen">uang Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prangko" title="Prangko">prangko</a>, dan pertandingan <a href="/wiki/Olahraga" title="Olahraga">olahraga</a> internasional. Sementara itu, sebutan <i>Nihon</i> digunakan dalam urusan tidak resmi seperti pembicaraan sehari-hari. </p><p>Kata <i>Nippon</i> dan <i>Nihon</i> berarti "negara/negeri matahari terbit". Nama ini disebut dalam <a href="/wiki/Utusan_Kekaisaran_Jepang_ke_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Utusan Kekaisaran Jepang ke Tiongkok">korespondensi Kekaisaran Jepang</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Sui" title="Dinasti Sui">Dinasti Sui</a> di Tiongkok, dan merujuk kepada letak Jepang yang berada di sebelah timur daratan <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>. Sebelum Jepang memiliki hubungan dengan Tiongkok, negara ini dikenal sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Periode_Yamato" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Yamato">Yamato</a></i> (<span lang="ja">大和</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Di Tiongkok pada <a href="/wiki/Zaman_Tiga_Negara" title="Zaman Tiga Negara">zaman Tiga Negara</a>, sebutan untuk Jepang adalah negara <i>Wa</i> (<span lang="ja">倭</span>). </p><p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa" title="Bahasa Tionghoa">Bahasa Tionghoa</a> dialek Shanghai yang termasuk salah satu dialek Wu, aksara Tionghoa <span lang="zh">日本</span> dibaca sebagai <i>Zeppen</i> ([<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">zəʔpən</span>]). Dalam dialek Wu, aksara <span lang="zh">日</span> secara tidak resmi dibaca sebagai [<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">niʔ</span>] sementara secara resmi dibaca sebagai [<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">zəʔ</span>]. Dalam beberapa dialek Wu Selatan, <span lang="ja">日本</span> dibaca sebagai [<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">niʔpən</span>] yang mirip dengan nama dalam bahasa Jepang. </p><p>Kata <i>Jepang</i> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a> kemungkinan berasal dari bahasa Tionghoa, tepatnya <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Wu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Wu">bahasa Wu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu_Klasik" title="Bahasa Melayu Klasik">Bahasa Melayu Klasik</a> juga menyebut negara ini sebagai <i>Jepang</i> (namun ejaan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Malaysia">bahasa Malaysia</a> memakai ejaan <i>Jepun</i>). Kata Jepang dalam bahasa Melayu ini kemudian dibawa ke Dunia Barat oleh pedagang dari <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Portugis" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Portugis">Kerajaan Portugis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ahd_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahd-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> yang mengenal sebutan ini ketika berada di <a href="/wiki/Malaka" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Malaka">Malaka</a> pada abad ke-16. Mereka lah yang pertama kali memperkenalkan nama <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bahasa Melayu">bahasa Melayu</a> tersebut ke Eropa. Dokumen tertua dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> yang menyebut tentang Jepang adalah sepucuk surat dari tahun 1565, yang di dalamnya bertuliskan kata <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giapan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Giapan (halaman belum tersedia)">Giapan</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Jepang" title="Sejarah Jepang">Sejarah Jepang</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prasejarah">Prasejarah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Prasejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Prasejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/160px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/240px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/320px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="991" /></a><figcaption>Sebuah bejana dari <a href="/wiki/Periode_Jomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Jomon">periode Jomon</a> Pertengahan (<a href="/wiki/3000_SM" class="mw-redirect" title="3000 SM">3000</a>-<a href="/wiki/2000_SM" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 SM">2000 SM</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Penelitian <a href="/wiki/Arkeologi" title="Arkeologi">arkeologi</a> menunjukkan bahwa Jepang telah dihuni <a href="/wiki/Manusia_purba" title="Manusia purba">manusia purba</a> setidaknya 600.000 tahun yang lalu, pada masa <a href="/wiki/Paleolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolitik">Paleolitik Bawah</a>. Setelah beberapa <a href="/wiki/Zaman_es" title="Zaman es">zaman es</a> yang terjadi pada masa jutaan tahun yang lalu, Jepang beberapa kali terhubung dengan daratan <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> melalui jembatan darat (dengan <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a> di utara, dan kemungkinan <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a> di selatan), sehingga memungkinkan perpindahan manusia, hewan, dan tanaman ke <a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> dari wilayah yang kini merupakan <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a>. Zaman <a href="/wiki/Paleolitikum" title="Paleolitikum">Paleolitik</a> Jepang menghasilkan peralatan bebatuan yang telah dipoles yang pertama di dunia, sekitar 30.000 SM. </p><p>Dengan berakhirnya <a href="/wiki/Zaman_es_terakhir" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman es terakhir">zaman es terakhir</a> dan datangnya periode yang lebih hangat, kebudayaan <a href="/wiki/Jomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jomon">Jomon</a> muncul pada sekitar 11.000 SM, yang bercirikan gaya hidup <a href="/wiki/Pemburu-pengumpul" title="Pemburu-pengumpul">pemburu-pengumpul</a> semi-sedenter <a href="/wiki/Mesolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesolitik">Mesolitik</a> hingga <a href="/wiki/Neolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolitik">Neolitik</a> dan pembuatan <a href="/wiki/Tembikar" title="Tembikar">kerajinan tembikar</a> terawal di dunia. Diperkirakan bahwa penduduk Jomon merupakan nenek moyang suku Proto-Jepang dan suku <a href="/wiki/Ainu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainu">Ainu</a> masa kini. </p><p>Dimulainya periode <a href="/wiki/Yayoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yayoi">Yayoi</a> pada sekitar <a href="/wiki/300_SM" title="300 SM">300 SM</a> menandai kehadiran teknologi-teknologi baru seperti bercocok tanam <a href="/wiki/Padi" title="Padi">padi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Sawah" title="Sawah">sawah</a> yang <a href="/wiki/Pengairan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengairan">berpengairan</a> dan teknik pembuatan perkakas dari <a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">besi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Perunggu" title="Perunggu">perunggu</a> yang dibawa serta migran-migran dari Tiongkok atau Korea. </p><p>Dalam sejarah Tiongkok, orang Jepang pertama kali disebut dalam naskah sejarah klasik, <i><a href="/wiki/Buku_Han" class="mw-redirect" title="Buku Han">Buku Han</a></i> yang ditulis Pada tahun <a href="/w/index.php?title=111_Masehi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="111 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">111 Masehi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Setelah periode Yayoi disebut periode <a href="/wiki/Kofun" class="mw-redirect" title="Kofun">Kofun</a> pada sekitar tahun <a href="/w/index.php?title=250_Masehi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="250 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">250 Masehi</a>, yang bercirikan didirikannya negeri-negeri militer yang kuat. Menurut <i><a href="/wiki/Catatan_Sejarah_Tiga_Negara" title="Catatan Sejarah Tiga Negara">Catatan Sejarah Tiga Negara</a></i>, negara paling berjaya di kepulauan Jepang waktu itu adalah <a href="/wiki/Yamataikoku" title="Yamataikoku">Yamataikoku</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zaman_Klasik">Zaman Klasik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Klasik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Zaman Klasik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bagian sejarah Jepang meninggalkan dokumen tertulis dimulai pada <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-5" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-5">abad ke-5</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-6" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-6">abad ke-6</a> Masehi, saat <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa_tertulis" title="Bahasa Tionghoa tertulis">sistem Tulisan Tionghoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">Agama Buddha</a>, dan kebudayaan Tionghoa lainnya dibawa masuk ke Jepang dari Kerajaan <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> di <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/200px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/300px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/400px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9586" data-file-height="3176" /></a><figcaption>Jepang dapat mengusir dua kali <a href="/wiki/Invasi_Mongol_ke_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasi Mongol ke Jepang">invasi Mongol ke Jepang</a> (1274 dan 1281)</figcaption></figure> <p>Perkembangan selanjutnya, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha di Jepang">Agama Buddha di Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Seni_rupa" title="Seni rupa">seni rupa</a> yang sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh Budaya <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walaupun awalnya kedatangan <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">Agama Buddha</a> ditentang penguasa yang menganut <a href="/wiki/Agama_Shinto" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Shinto">Agama Shinto</a>, kalangan yang berkuasa akhirnya ikut memajukan agama <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha di Jepang">Buddha</a> di Jepang, dan menjadi agama yang populer di Jepang sejak <a href="/wiki/Periode_Asuka" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Asuka">Periode Asuka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Melalui perintah <a href="/wiki/Reformasi_Taika" title="Reformasi Taika">Reformasi Taika</a> pada <a href="/wiki/645" title="645">645</a>, Jepang menyusun ulang sistem pemerintahannya dengan mencontoh dari Tiongkok. Hal ini membuka jalan bagi filsafat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konfusianisme_Tiongkok&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Konfusianisme Tiongkok (halaman belum tersedia)">Konfusianisme Tiongkok</a> untuk menjadi dominan di Jepang hingga <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-19" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-19">abad ke-19</a>. </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Periode_Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Nara">Periode Nara</a> yang berlangsung pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-8_Masehi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abad ke-8 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">abad ke-8 Masehi</a> menandai sebuah negeri Jepang dengan kekuasaan yang tersentralisasi. Ibu kota dan istana Kerajaan berada di <a href="/wiki/Heijo-kyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Heijo-kyo">Heijo-kyo</a> (kini <a href="/wiki/Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara">Nara</a>). Pada Periode ini, Jepang secara terus-menerus mengadopsi praktik administrasi pemerintahan dari Tiongkok. Salah satu pencapaian terbesar sastra Jepang pada Periode Nara adalah selesainya buku sejarah Jepang yang disebut <i><a href="/wiki/Kojiki" title="Kojiki">Kojiki</a></i> <i>(古事記)</i> dan <i><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Shoki" title="Nihon Shoki">Nihon Shoki</a></i> <i>(日本書紀)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/160px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/240px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/320px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Patung <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> di <a href="/wiki/Todaiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Todaiji">Todaiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara">Nara</a>, yang dibuat pada tahun <a href="/wiki/752" title="752">752</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pada 784 Masehi, <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Kammu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Kammu">Kaisar Kammu</a> memindahkan ibu kota ke <a href="/wiki/Nagaoka-ky%C5%8D" title="Nagaoka-kyō">Nagaoka-kyō</a>, dan berada di sana hanya selama 10 tahun. Setelah itu, ibu kota dipindahkan kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Heian-ky%C5%8D" title="Heian-kyō">Heian-kyō</a> (kini <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>). Kepindahan ibu kota ke Heian-kyō mengawali <a href="/wiki/Periode_Heian" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Heian">Periode Heian</a> yang merupakan masa keemasan kebudayaan klasik asli Jepang, terutama di bidang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seni_di_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Seni di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">seni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puisi_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Puisi Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">puisi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sastra_Jepang" title="Sastra Jepang">Sastra Jepang</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hikayat_Genji" title="Hikayat Genji">Hikayat Genji</a></i> karya <a href="/wiki/Murasaki_Shikibu" title="Murasaki Shikibu">Murasaki Shikibu</a> dan lirik lagu kebangsaan Jepang <i><a href="/wiki/Kimi_ga_Yo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimi ga Yo">Kimi ga Yo</a></i> berasal dari periode Heian.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zaman_Pertengahan">Zaman Pertengahan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Pertengahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Zaman Pertengahan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:NanbanGroup.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/160px-NanbanGroup.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/240px-NanbanGroup.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/320px-NanbanGroup.JPG 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Sekelompok orang-orang <a href="/wiki/Portugis" class="mw-redirect" title="Portugis">Portugis</a> dari periode Nanban, <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-17">abad ke-17</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Abad pertengahan di Jepang merupakan zaman <a href="/wiki/Feodalisme" title="Feodalisme">feodalisme</a> yang ditandai oleh perebutan kekuasaan antarkelompok penguasa yang terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Ksatria" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ksatria">ksatria</a> yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a>. Pada <a href="/wiki/1185" title="1185">1185</a>, setelah menghancurkan <a href="/wiki/Klan_Taira" title="Klan Taira">Klan Taira</a> yang merupakan klan saingan <a href="/wiki/Klan_Minamoto" title="Klan Minamoto">Klan Minamoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minamoto_no_Yoritomo" title="Minamoto no Yoritomo">Minamoto no Yoritomo</a> diangkat sebagai <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">Shogun</a>, dan menjadikannya pemimpin militer yang berbagi kekuasaan dengan <a href="/wiki/Kaisar" title="Kaisar">Kaisar</a>. Pemerintahan militer yang didirikan Minamoto no Yoritomo disebut <a href="/wiki/Keshogunan_Kamakura" title="Keshogunan Kamakura">Keshogunan Kamakura</a> karena pusat pemerintahan berada di <a href="/wiki/Kamakura,_Kanagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamakura, Kanagawa">Kamakura</a> (di sebelah selatan <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a> masa kini). Setelah wafatnya Minamoto no Yoritomo, <a href="/wiki/Klan_H%C5%8Dj%C5%8D" title="Klan Hōjō">klan Hōjō</a> membantu keshogunan sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Shikken" title="Shikken">shikken</a></i>, yakni semacam <a href="/wiki/Adipati" title="Adipati">adipati</a> bagi para shogun. Keshogunan Kamakura berhasil menahan serangan <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Mongol" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Mongol">Kerajaan Mongol</a> dari wilayah Tiongkok. Meskipun secara politik terbilang stabil, Keshogunan Kamakura akhirnya <a href="/wiki/Restorasi_Kemmu" title="Restorasi Kemmu">digulingkan</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Go-Daigo" title="Kaisar Go-Daigo">Kaisar Go-Daigo</a> yang memulihkan kekuasaan di tangan kaisar. Kaisar Go-Daigo akhirnya digulingkan <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Takauji" title="Ashikaga Takauji">Ashikaga Takauji</a> pada 1336.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Keshogunan Ashikaga gagal membendung kekuatan penguasa militer dan tuan tanah feodal (<i><a href="/wiki/Daimyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyo">daimyo</a></i>) dan pecah perang saudara pada tahun 1467 (<a href="/wiki/Perang_%C5%8Cnin" title="Perang Ōnin">Perang Ōnin</a>) yang mengawali masa satu abad yang diwarnai peperangan antarfaksi yang disebut masa negeri-negeri saling berperang atau <a href="/wiki/Periode_Sengoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Sengoku">periode Sengoku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-16" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-16">abad ke-16</a>, para pedagang dan <a href="/wiki/Misionaris" title="Misionaris">misionaris</a> <a href="/wiki/Serikat_Yesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Serikat Yesuit">Serikat Yesuit</a> dari Portugal tiba untuk pertama kalinya di Jepang, dan mengawali pertukaran perniagaan dan kebudayaan yang aktif antara Jepang dan <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Barat" title="Dunia Barat">Dunia Barat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Perdagangan_dengan_Nanban" title="Perdagangan dengan Nanban">Perdagangan dengan Nanban</a>). Orang Jepang menyebut orang asing dari Dunia Barat sebagai <i>namban</i> yang berarti orang barbar dari selatan. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/200px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/300px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/400px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1258" /></a><figcaption>Salah satu <a href="/wiki/Kapal_segel_merah" title="Kapal segel merah">kapal segel merah</a> Jepang (1634) yang dipakai berdagang di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a> menaklukkan daimyo-daimyo pesaingnya dengan memakai teknologi Eropa dan <a href="/wiki/Senjata_api" title="Senjata api">senjata api</a>. Nobunaga hampir berhasil menyatukan Jepang sebelum tewas terbunuh dalam <a href="/wiki/Peristiwa_Honn%C5%8Dji" class="mw-redirect" title="Peristiwa Honnōji">Peristiwa Honnōji</a> pada 1582. <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> menggantikan Oda Nobunaga, dan mencatatkan dirinya sebagai pemersatu Bangsa Jepang pada 1590. Toyotomi Hideyoshi berusaha menguasai Semenanjung Korea, dan dua kali melakukan <a href="/wiki/Invasi_Jepang_ke_Korea_(1592-1598)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasi Jepang ke Korea (1592-1598)">invasi ke Korea</a>, tetapi gagal setelah kalah dalam pertempuran melawan pasukan <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Joseon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Joseon">Dinasti Joseon</a> yang dibantu kekuatan <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming">Dinasti Ming</a>. Setelah Hideyoshi wafat, pasukan Hideyoshi ditarik dari <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a> pada 1598.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sepeninggal Hideyoshi, putra Hideyoshi yang bernama <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyori" title="Toyotomi Hideyori">Toyotomi Hideyori</a> mewarisi kekuasaan sang ayah. <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> memanfaatkan posisinya sebagai adipati bagi Hideyori untuk mengumpulkan dukungan politik dan militer dari daimyo-daimyo lain. Setelah mengalahkan klan-klan pendukung Hideyori dalam <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Sekigahara" title="Pertempuran Sekigahara">Pertempuran Sekigahara</a> tahun 1600, Ieyasu diangkat sebagai shogun pada 1603. Pemerintahan militer yang didirikan Ieyasu di <a href="/wiki/Edo" class="mw-disambig" title="Edo">Edo</a> (kini <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>) disebut <a href="/wiki/Keshogunan_Tokugawa" title="Keshogunan Tokugawa">Keshogunan Tokugawa</a>. Keshogunan Tokugawa curiga terhadap kegiatan misionaris <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Katolik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Katolik">Gereja Katolik</a>, dan melarang segala hubungan dengan orang-orang Eropa. Hubungan perdagangan dibatasi hanya dengan pedagang <a href="/wiki/Belanda" title="Belanda">Belanda</a> di Pulau <a href="/wiki/Dejima" title="Dejima">Dejima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>. Pemerintah Tokugawa juga menjalankan berbagai kebijakan seperti undang-undang <i><a href="/wiki/Buke_shohatto" title="Buke shohatto">buke shohatto</a></i> untuk mengendalikan daimyo di daerah. Pada 1639, Keshogunan Tokugawa mulai menjalankan kebijakan <i><a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">sakoku</a></i> ("negara tertutup") yang berlangsung selama dua setengah abad yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Periode_Edo" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Edo">periode Edo</a>. Walaupun menjalani periode isolasi, orang Jepang terus mempelajari ilmu-ilmu dari Dunia Barat. Di Jepang, ilmu dari buku-buku Barat disebut <i><a href="/wiki/Rangaku" title="Rangaku">rangaku</a></i> (ilmu belanda) karena berasal dari kontak orang Jepang dengan enklave orang Belanda di Dejima, Nagasaki. Pada periode Edo, orang Jepang juga memulai studi tentang Jepang, dan menamakan "studi nasional" tentang Jepang sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Kokugaku" title="Kokugaku">kokugaku</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zaman_Modern">Zaman Modern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Modern" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Zaman Modern"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Japanese_Empire_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/240px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/360px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/480px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> terdiri dari sebagian besar Asia Timur dan Asia Timur Raya pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pada 31 Maret 1854, kedatangan Komodor <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Perry" title="Matthew Perry">Matthew Perry</a> dan "<a href="/wiki/Kapal_Hitam" title="Kapal Hitam">Kapal Hitam</a>" <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Amerika_Serikat" title="Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat">Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat</a> memaksa Jepang untuk membuka diri terhadap Dunia Barat melalui <a href="/wiki/Persetujuan_Kanagawa" title="Persetujuan Kanagawa">Persetujuan Kanagawa</a>. Persetujuan-persetujuan selanjutnya dengan negara-negara Barat pada masa <a href="/wiki/Bakumatsu" title="Bakumatsu">Bakumatsu</a> membawa Jepang ke dalam krisis ekonomi dan politik. Kalangan samurai menganggap Keshogunan Tokugawa sudah melemah, dan mengadakan pemberontakan hingga pecah <a href="/wiki/Perang_Boshin" title="Perang Boshin">Perang Boshin</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a>-<a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a>. Setelah Keshogunan Tokugawa ditumbangkan, kekuasaan dikembalikan ke tangan kaisar (<a href="/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji" title="Restorasi Meiji">Restorasi Meiji</a>) dan <a href="/wiki/Penghapusan_sistem_domain" title="Penghapusan sistem domain">sistem domain dihapus</a>. Semasa Restorasi Meiji, Jepang mengadopsi sistem politik, hukum, dan militer dari Dunia Barat. <a href="/wiki/Kabinet_Jepang" title="Kabinet Jepang">Kabinet Jepang</a> mengatur <a href="/wiki/Dewan_Penasihat_Kaisar_(Jepang)" title="Dewan Penasihat Kaisar (Jepang)">Dewan Penasihat Kaisar</a>, menyusun <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Meiji" title="Konstitusi Meiji">Konstitusi Meiji</a>, dan membentuk <a href="/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Kekaisaran</a>. Restorasi Meiji mengubah <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> menjadi negara industri modern dan sekaligus kekuatan militer dunia yang menimbulkan konflik militer ketika berusaha memperluas pengaruh teritorial di Asia. Setelah mengalahkan <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Tiongkok-Jepang" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Perang Tiongkok-Jepang">Perang Tiongkok-Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Rusia-Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Rusia-Jepang">Perang Rusia-Jepang</a>, Jepang menguasai <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, separuh dari <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada awal <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-20" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-20">abad ke-20</a>, Jepang mengalami "<a href="/wiki/Demokrasi_Taisho" title="Demokrasi Taisho">demokrasi Taisho</a>" yang dibayang-bayangi bangkitnya <a href="/wiki/Ekspansionisme" title="Ekspansionisme">ekspansionisme</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Militerisme_Jepang" title="Militerisme Jepang">militerisme Jepang</a>. Semasa <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a>, Jepang berada di <a href="/wiki/Sekutu_Perang_Dunia_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekutu Perang Dunia I">pihak Sekutu</a> yang menang, sehingga Jepang dapat memperluas pengaruh dan wilayah kekuasaan. Jepang terus menjalankan politik ekspansionis dengan menduduki <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> pada 1931. Dua tahun kemudian, Jepang keluar dari <a href="/wiki/Liga_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Liga Bangsa-Bangsa">Liga Bangsa-Bangsa</a> setelah mendapat <a href="/wiki/Laporan_Lytton" title="Laporan Lytton">kecaman internasional</a> atas pendudukan Manchuria. Pada <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>, Jepang menandatangani <a href="/wiki/Pakta_Anti-Komintern" title="Pakta Anti-Komintern">Pakta Anti-Komintern</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Jerman_Nazi" title="Jerman Nazi">Jerman Nazi</a>, dan bergabung bergabung bersama Jerman dan Italia membentuk <a href="/wiki/Blok_Poros" title="Blok Poros">Blok Poros</a> pada 1941<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada 1937, invasi Jepang ke <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> memicu terjadinya <a href="/wiki/Perang_Tiongkok-Jepang_Kedua" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua">Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua</a> (1937-1945) yang membuat Jepang dikenakan embargo minyak oleh <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada 7 Desember 1941, Jepang menyerang pangkalan Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat di <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a>, dan menyatakan perang terhadap Amerika Serikat, <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Inggris</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Belanda" title="Belanda">Belanda</a>. Serangan Pearl Harbor menyeret AS ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Setelah kampanye militer yang panjang di <a href="/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>, Jepang kehilangan wilayah-wilayah yang dimilikinya pada awal perang. Amerika Serikat melakukan pengeboman strategis terhadap <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> dan kota-kota besar lainnya. Setelah AS menjatuhkan <a href="/wiki/Pengeboman_Hiroshima_dan_Nagasaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengeboman Hiroshima dan Nagasaki">bom atom</a> di <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>, Jepang akhirnya <a href="/wiki/Penyerahan_Jepang_terhadap_Sekutu" class="mw-redirect" title="Penyerahan Jepang terhadap Sekutu">menyerah tanpa syarat kepada Sekutu</a> pada <a href="/wiki/15_Agustus" title="15 Agustus">15 Agustus</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hari_Kemenangan_atas_Jepang" title="Hari Kemenangan atas Jepang">Hari Kemenangan atas Jepang</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/250px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/375px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/500px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dkaid%C5%8D_Shinkansen" title="Tōkaidō Shinkansen">Tōkaidō Shinkansen</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seri_0_Shinkansen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Seri 0 Shinkansen (halaman belum tersedia)">Seri 0</a>, jalur dan <a href="/wiki/Kereta_kecepatan_tinggi" title="Kereta kecepatan tinggi">kereta kecepatan tinggi</a> pertama di dunia (foto tahun 1967).</figcaption></figure> <p>Perang membawa penderitaan bagi rakyat Jepang dan rakyat di wilayah jajahan Jepang. Berjuta-juta orang tewas di negara-negara Asia yang diduduki Jepang di bawah slogan <a href="/wiki/Kemakmuran_Bersama_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemakmuran Bersama Asia">Kemakmuran Bersama Asia</a>. Hampir semua industri dan infrastruktur di Jepang hancur akibat perang. Pihak Sekutu melakukan repatriasi besar-besaran <a href="/wiki/Diaspora_Jepang" title="Diaspora Jepang">etnik Jepang</a> dari negara-negara Asia yang pernah diduduki Jepang.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pengadilan_Militer_Internasional_untuk_Timur_Jauh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengadilan Militer Internasional untuk Timur Jauh">Pengadilan Militer Internasional untuk Timur Jauh</a> yang diselenggarakan pihak Sekutu mulai 3 Mei 1946 berakhir dengan dijatuhkannya hukuman bagi sejumlah pemimpin Jepang yang terbukti bersalah melakukan <a href="/wiki/Kejahatan_perang_Jepang" title="Kejahatan perang Jepang">kejahatan perang</a>. </p><p>Pada 1947, Jepang memberlakukan <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang" title="Konstitusi Jepang">Konstitusi Jepang</a> yang baru. Berdasarkan konstitusi baru, Jepang ditetapkan sebagai negara yang menganut paham <a href="/wiki/Pasifisme" title="Pasifisme">pasifisme</a> dan mengutamakan praktik <a href="/wiki/Demokrasi_liberal" title="Demokrasi liberal">demokrasi liberal</a>. Pendudukan Amerika Serikat terhadap Jepang secara resmi berakhir pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> dengan ditandatanganinya <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_San_Francisco" title="Perjanjian San Francisco">Perjanjian San Francisco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walaupun demikian, pasukan Amerika Serikat tetap mempertahankan pangkalan-pangkalan penting di Jepang, khususnya di <a href="/wiki/Okinawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa">Okinawa</a>. <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> secara secara resmi menerima Jepang sebagai anggota pada 1956. </p><p>Seusai Perang Dunia II, Jepang mengalami <a href="/wiki/Keajaiban_ekonomi_Jepang_pascaperang" class="mw-redirect" title="Keajaiban ekonomi Jepang pascaperang">pertumbuhan ekonomi</a> yang pesat, dan menempatkan Jepang sebagai kekuatan ekonomi terbesar nomor dua di dunia, dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan <a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">produk domestik bruto</a> sebesar 10% per tahun selama empat dekade. Pesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi Jepang berakhir pada awal tahun <a href="/wiki/1990-an" title="1990-an">1990-an</a> setelah jatuhnya <a href="/wiki/Penggelembungan_harga_aset_di_Jepang" title="Penggelembungan harga aset di Jepang">ekonomi gelembung</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kobayashi_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobayashi-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografi_2">Geografi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Geografi_Jepang" title="Geografi Jepang">Geografi Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/220px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/330px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/440px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1638" data-file-height="2092" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> seperti yang dilihat dari satelit</figcaption></figure> <p>Jepang memiliki lebih dari 3.000 pulau yang terletak di pesisir <a href="/wiki/Lautan_Pasifik" class="mw-redirect" title="Lautan Pasifik">Lautan Pasifik</a> di timur benua <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. Istilah <a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> merujuk kepada empat pulau besar, dari utara ke selatan, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honshu" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>, serta <a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Ryukyu" title="Kepulauan Ryukyu">Kepulauan Ryukyu</a> yang berada di selatan Kyushu. Sekitar 70% hingga 80% dari wilayah Jepang terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Pegunungan" title="Pegunungan">pegunungan</a> yang <a href="/wiki/Hutan" title="Hutan">berhutan-hutan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan cocok untuk pertanian, industri, serta permukiman. Daerah yang curam berbahaya untuk dihuni karena risiko tanah longsor akibat gempa bumi, kondisi tanah yang lunak, dan hujan lebat. Oleh karena itu, permukiman penduduk terpusat di kawasan pesisir. Jepang termasuk salah satu <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">negara berpenduduk terpadat di dunia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kepulauan Jepang terdiri dari 67% hutan dan 14% pertanian. Daerah yang sebagian besar terjal dan bergunung-gunung dibatasi untuk tempat tinggal. Oleh karena itu, zona layak huni, terutama di wilayah pesisir, memiliki kepadatan penduduk yang sangat tinggi: Jepang adalah negara terpadat ke-40 bahkan tanpa mempertimbangkan konsentrasi penduduk setempat. <a href="/wiki/Honshu" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> memiliki kepadatan penduduk tertinggi yaitu 450 orang/km2 (1200/sq mi) pada tahun 2010, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> memiliki kepadatan penduduk terendah yaitu 64,5 orang/km2 pada tahun 2016. Pada tahun 2014, sekitar 0,5% dari total wilayah Jepang merupakan tanah reklamasi (umetatechi). Danau Biwa adalah danau kuno dan danau air tawar terbesar di negara ini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geologi">Geologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Geologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Geologi_Jepang" title="Geologi Jepang">Geologi Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Daftar_gempa_bumi_di_Jepang" title="Daftar gempa bumi di Jepang">Daftar gempa bumi di Jepang</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Japan_separation.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/240px-Japan_separation.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/360px-Japan_separation.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/480px-Japan_separation.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1056" /></a><figcaption>Lempeng tektonik di Jepang, antara <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_Eurasia" title="Lempeng Eurasia">Lempeng Eurasia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_Pasifik" title="Lempeng Pasifik">Lempeng Pasifik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Lempeng_Filipina" title="Lempeng Filipina">Lempeng Filipina</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/240px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/360px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/480px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5083" data-file-height="3389" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sakurajima" title="Sakurajima">Sakurajima</a> adalah gunung berapi teraktif di Jepang</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/240px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/360px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/480px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Tsunami di Miyako saat <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi_dan_tsunami_T%C5%8Dhoku_2011" title="Gempa bumi dan tsunami Tōhoku 2011">Gempa bumi dan tsunami Tōhoku 2011</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Jepang sangat rentan terhadap bencana <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi" title="Gempa bumi">gempa bumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Letusan_gunung_berapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Letusan gunung berapi">letusan gunung berapi</a> karena lokasinya di sepanjang <a href="/wiki/Cincin_Api_Pasifik" title="Cincin Api Pasifik">Cincin Api Pasifik</a>. Jepang juga dianggap sebagai negara yang paling rentan terhadap tsunami karena tektoniknya, kepadatan penduduknya, dan konsentrasi paparannya. Negara ini juga rentan terhadap badai <a href="/wiki/Siklon_tropis" title="Siklon tropis">Siklon tropis</a> karena letak geografisnya berada di atas <a href="/wiki/Khatulistiwa" title="Khatulistiwa">Khatulistiwa</a>. Jepang mempunyai risiko terdampak bencana alam tertinggi ke-17 di dunia menurut Indeks Risiko Dunia tahun 2016. </p><p>Gempa bumi terjadi setiap hari di Jepang dengan skala berbeda-beda. Gempa besar yang merusak sering kali mengakibatkan tsunami, dan terjadi beberapa kali setiap abad seperti; <a href="/wiki/Gempa_Besar_Kant%C5%8D_1923" title="Gempa Besar Kantō 1923">Gempa bumi besar Kantō 1923</a> menewaskan lebih dari 140.000 orang. Gempa besar yang terjadi baru-baru ini adalah <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi_besar_Hanshin" title="Gempa bumi besar Hanshin">Gempa bumi besar Hanshin</a>, hingga <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi_T%C5%8Dhoku_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Gempa bumi Tōhoku 2011">Gempa bumi Tōhoku 2011</a>, yang memicu tsunami besar, dan <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi_Laut_Jepang_2024" title="Gempa bumi Laut Jepang 2024">Gempa bumi Noto 2024</a> pada awal bulan Januari.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jepang mempunyai 111 <a href="/wiki/Gunung_berapi" title="Gunung berapi">gunung berapi</a> aktif. Gunung berapi yang paling aktif adalah <a href="/wiki/Sakurajima" title="Sakurajima">Sakurajima</a>, tercatat sejak 1000 tahun terakhir, gunung ini telah meletus lebih dari 40 kali. Beberapa gunung berapi aktif di Jepang lainnya adalah, <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Unzen" title="Gunung Unzen">Gunung Unzen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Ontake" title="Gunung Ontake">Gunung Ontake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Aso" title="Gunung Aso">Gunung Aso</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Asama" title="Gunung Asama">Gunung Asama</a>. </p><p>Meski rawan bencana, keadaan geologi menyebabkan Jepang memiliki banyak <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">sumber mata air panas</a>, dan tanah yang subur, hingga memiliki wisata alam yang indah, sebagian besar di antaranya telah dibangun sebagai daerah tujuan wisata.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klimatologi">Klimatologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Klimatologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klimatologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jepang berada di kawasan beriklim sedang dengan pembagian empat musim yang jelas. Walaupun demikian, terdapat perbedaan iklim yang mencolok antara wilayah bagian utara dan wilayah bagian selatan.<sup id="cite_ref-climate_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada <a href="/wiki/Musim_dingin" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a>, Jepang bagian utara seperti Hokkaido mengalami musim salju, namun sebaliknya wilayah Jepang bagian selatan beriklim subtropis. Iklim juga dipengaruhi tiupan angin musim yang bertiup dari benua <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Lautan_Pasifik" class="mw-redirect" title="Lautan Pasifik">Lautan Pasifik</a> pada musim dingin, dan sebaliknya pada musim panas. </p><p>Iklim Jepang terbagi atas enam zona iklim: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>: Kawasan paling utara beriklim sedang dengan musim dingin yang panjang dan membekukan, serta musim panas yang sejuk. <a href="/wiki/Presipitasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Presipitasi">Presipitasi</a> tidak besar, namun salju banyak turun ketika musim dingin.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laut_Jepang" title="Laut Jepang">Laut Jepang</a>: Di pantai barat Pulau Honshu, tiupan angin dari barat laut membawa salju yang sangat lebat. Pada <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>, kawasan ini lebih sejuk dibandingkan kawasan Pasifik. Walaupun demikian, suhu di kawasan ini kadang kala dapat menjadi sangat tinggi akibat fenomena <a href="/wiki/Angin_fohn" title="Angin fohn">angin fohn</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dataran_Tinggi_Tengah" title="Dataran Tinggi Tengah">Dataran Tinggi Tengah</a>: Wilayah ini beriklim pedalaman dengan perbedaan suhu rata-rata <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>-<a href="/wiki/Musim_dingin" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a> yang sangat mencolok. Perbedaan suhu antara malam hari dan siang hari juga sangat mencolok.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laut_Pedalaman_Seto" title="Laut Pedalaman Seto">Laut Pedalaman Seto</a>: Barisan pegunungan di <a href="/wiki/Wilayah_Chugoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilayah Chugoku">wilayah Chugoku</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> menghalangi jalur tiupan angin musim, sehingga kawasan ini sepanjang tahun beriklim sedang.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>: Kawasan pesisir bagian timur Jepang mengalami musim dingin yang sangat dingin, namun tidak banyak turun salju. Sebaliknya, musim panas menjadi begitu lembap akibat tiupan angin musim dari tenggara.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Ryukyu" title="Kepulauan Ryukyu">Kepulauan Ryukyu</a>: Kepulauan di barat daya Jepang termasuk Kepulauan Ryukyu beriklim subtropis, hangat sewaktu musim dingin dan suhu yang tinggi sepanjang musim panas. Presipitasi sangat tinggi, terutama selama musim hujan. <a href="/wiki/Taifun" class="mw-redirect" title="Taifun">Taifun</a> sangat sering terjadi.</li></ul> <p>Suhu tertinggi yang pernah tercatat di Jepang adalah 40,9&#160;°C (105,6&#160;°F) pada 16 Agustus 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Musim_hujan_di_Asia_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Musim hujan di Asia Timur">Musim hujan</a> dimulai lebih awal di Okinawa, yakni sejak awal Mei. Garis depan musim hujan bergerak ke utara, namun berakhir di Jepang utara sebelum mencapai Hokkaido. Di sebagian besar wilayah Honshu, awal musim hujan dimulai pertengahan Juni dan berlangsung selama enam minggu. Taifun sering terjadi sepanjang September dan Oktober. Penyebabnya adalah tekanan tropis di garis khatulistiwa yang bergerak dari barat daya ke timur laut, dan sering membawa hujan yang sangat lebat.<sup id="cite_ref-climate_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Politik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pemerintah_Jepang" title="Pemerintah Jepang">Pemerintah Jepang</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parlemen">Parlemen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Parlemen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Parlemen"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jepang menganut sistem negara <a href="/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> yang sangat membatasi kekuasaan <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang" title="Kaisar Jepang">Kaisar Jepang</a>. Sebagai kepala negara seremonial, kedudukan Kaisar Jepang diatur dalam <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang" title="Konstitusi Jepang">konstitusi</a> sebagai "simbol negara dan pemersatu rakyat". Kekuasaan pemerintah berada di tangan <a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri Jepang</a> dan anggota terpilih <a href="/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Jepang</a>, sementara kedaulatan sepenuhnya berada di tangan <a href="/wiki/Rakyat_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakyat Jepang">rakyat Jepang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Constitution_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constitution-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kaisar Jepang bertindak sebagai <a href="/wiki/Kepala_negara" title="Kepala negara">kepala negara</a> dalam urusan diplomatik. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Jepang</a> adalah <a href="/wiki/Parlemen" title="Parlemen">parlemen</a> dua kamar yang dibentuk mengikuti sistem Inggris. Parlemen Jepang terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Majelis_Rendah_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah Jepang">Majelis Rendah</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi Jepang">Majelis Tinggi</a>. Majelis Rendah Jepang terdiri dari 480 anggota dewan. Anggota majelis rendah dipilih secara langsung oleh rakyat setiap 4 tahun sekali atau setelah majelis rendah dibubarkan. Majelis Tinggi Jepang terdiri dari 242 anggota dewan yang memiliki masa jabatan 6 tahun, dan dipilih langsung oleh rakyat. Warganegara Jepang berusia 20 tahun ke atas memiliki hak untuk memilih.<sup id="cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabinet Jepang beranggotakan <a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri</a> dan para menteri. Perdana Menteri adalah salah seorang anggota parlemen dari partai mayoritas di Majelis Rendah. <a href="/wiki/Partai_Demokrat_Liberal_(Jepang)" title="Partai Demokrat Liberal (Jepang)">Partai Demokrat Liberal</a> (LDP) berkuasa di Jepang sejak 1955, kecuali pada tahun 1993. Pada tahun itu terbentuk <a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_koalisi" title="Pemerintahan koalisi">pemerintahan koalisi</a> yang hanya berumur singkat dengan partai oposisi. Partai oposisi terbesar di Jepang adalah <a href="/wiki/Partai_Demokratik_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partai Demokratik (Jepang)">Partai Demokratik Jepang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perdana Menteri Jepang adalah <a href="/wiki/Kepala_pemerintahan" title="Kepala pemerintahan">kepala pemerintahan</a>. Perdana Menteri diangkat melalui pemilihan di antara anggota Parlemen.<sup id="cite_ref-naikaku_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-naikaku-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bila Majelis Rendah dan Majelis Tinggi masing-masing memiliki calon perdana menteri, maka calon dari Majelis Rendah yang diutamakan. Pada praktiknya, perdana menteri berasal dari partai mayoritas di parlemen. Menteri-menteri kabinet diangkat oleh Perdana Menteri. Kaisar Jepang mengangkat Perdana Menteri berdasarkan keputusan Parlemen Jepang,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan memberi persetujuan atas pengangkatan menteri-menteri kabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perdana Menteri memerlukan dukungan dan kepercayaan dari anggota Majelis Rendah untuk bertahan sebagai Perdana Menteri. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Keluarga_kekaisaran">Keluarga kekaisaran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Keluarga kekaisaran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keluarga kekaisaran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Wangsa_Kekaisaran_Jepang" title="Wangsa Kekaisaran Jepang">Wangsa Kekaisaran Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/220px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/330px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/440px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="522" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Kaisar Naruhito</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Permaisuri_Masako" title="Permaisuri Masako">Permaisuri Masako</a> setelah Upacara Penobatan di <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> pada 10 November 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>Kaisar <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> adalah Kaisar Jepang yang sekarang. Kaisar Naruhito naik takhta sebagai kaisar ke-126 setelah ayahandanya, Kaisar <a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Akihito</a> turun takhta pada 1 Mei 2019. Kaisar <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> menikah dengan Putri Mahkota <a href="/wiki/Masako_Owada" class="mw-redirect" title="Masako Owada">Masako</a> yang berasal dari kalangan rakyat biasa, dan dikaruniai anak perempuan bernama Aiko (<a href="/wiki/Aiko_(putri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aiko (putri)">Putri Toshi</a>). Adik Kaisar Naruhito bernama <a href="/wiki/Fumihito" class="mw-redirect" title="Fumihito">Pangeran Akishino</a> yang menikah dengan <a href="/wiki/Kiko_Kawashima" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiko Kawashima">Kiko Kawashima</a> yang juga berasal dari rakyat biasa. Pangeran Akishino memiliki dua anak perempuan, yaitu (<a href="/wiki/Mako_Komuro" title="Mako Komuro">Putri Mako</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Putri_Kako_dari_Akishino" title="Putri Kako dari Akishino">Putri Kako</a>), serta anak laki-laki bernama <a href="/wiki/Pangeran_Hisahito" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangeran Hisahito">Pangeran Hisahito</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer">Hubungan luar negeri dan militer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Hubungan luar negeri dan militer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hubungan luar negeri dan militer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Jepang" title="Hubungan luar negeri Jepang">Hubungan luar negeri Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasukan_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Pasukan Bela Diri Jepang">Pasukan Bela Diri Jepang</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/200px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/300px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/400px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Kapal pengangkut helikopter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapal_perusak_kelas_Hyuga&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapal perusak kelas Hyuga (halaman belum tersedia)">kelas Hyuga</a> milik <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Jepang memiliki hubungan ekonomi dan militer yang erat dengan <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, dan menjalankan <a href="/wiki/Kebijakan_luar_negeri" title="Kebijakan luar negeri">kebijakan luar negeri</a> berdasarkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_Jepang_dengan_Amerika_Serikat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan Jepang dengan Amerika Serikat (halaman belum tersedia)">pakta keamanan Jepang-AS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sejak diterima menjadi anggota <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> pada tahun 1956, Jepang telah sepuluh kali menjadi anggota tidak tetap <a href="/wiki/Dewan_Keamanan_PBB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dewan Keamanan PBB">Dewan Keamanan PBB</a>, termasuk tahun 2009-2010.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jepang adalah salah satu negara <a href="/wiki/G4" title="G4">G4</a> yang sedang mengusulkan perluasan anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebagai negara anggota <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik">APEC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kawasan_Perdagangan_Bebas_ASEAN#ASEAN_Plus_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas ASEAN">ASEAN Plus 3</a>, dan peserta <a href="/wiki/Konferensi_Tingkat_Tinggi_Asia_Timur" title="Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Asia Timur">Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Asia Timur</a>, Jepang aktif dalam hubungan internasional dan mempererat persahabatan Jepang dengan negara-negara lain di seluruh dunia. Pakta pertahanan dengan <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> ditandatangani pada Maret 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan dengan <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> pada Oktober 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 2007, Jepang adalah negara donor <a href="/wiki/Bantuan_Pembangunan_Resmi" title="Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi">Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi</a> (ODA) terbesar kelima di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Negara penerima bantuan ODA terbesar dari Jepang adalah Indonesia, dengan total bantuan lebih dari AS$29,5 miliar dari tahun 1960 hingga 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jepang bersengketa dengan <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> mengenai <a href="/wiki/Persengketaan_Kepulauan_Kuril" class="mw-redirect" title="Persengketaan Kepulauan Kuril">Kepulauan Kuril</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan dengan <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> mengenai <a href="/wiki/Batu_Liancourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Batu Liancourt">Batu Liancourt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Senkaku" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepulauan Senkaku">Kepulauan Senkaku</a> yang di bawah pemerintahan Jepang dipermasalahkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pasal_9_Konstitusi_Jepang" title="Pasal 9 Konstitusi Jepang">Pasal 9 Konstitusi Jepang</a> berisi penolakan terhadap perang dan penggunaan kekuatan bersenjata untuk menyelesaikan persengketaan internasional. Pasal 9 Ayat 2 berisi pelarangan kepemilikan angkatan bersenjata dan penolakan atas hak keterlibatan dalam perang.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jepang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Pasukan_Bela_Diri" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasukan Bela Diri">Pasukan Bela Diri</a> yang berada di bawah <a href="/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan</a>, dan terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JGSDF), <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JMSDF), dan <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Udara Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Udara Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JASDF). Pada tahun 1991, <a href="/wiki/Kapal_penyapu_ranjau" title="Kapal penyapu ranjau">kapal penyapu ranjau</a> Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang ikut membersihkan <a href="/wiki/Ranjau_laut" title="Ranjau laut">ranjau laut</a> di <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Persia" title="Teluk Persia">Teluk Persia</a> (lepas pantai <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>) bersama kapal penyapu ranjau dari delapan negara.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mod.go.jp_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mod.go.jp-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Atas permintaan <a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_Transisi_PBB_di_Kamboja" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemerintahan Transisi PBB di Kamboja">Pemerintahan Transisi PBB di Kamboja</a> (1992-1993), Jepang mengirimkan pengamat gencatan senjata, pemantau pemilihan umum, polisi sipil, dan dukungan logistik seperti perbaikan jalan dan jembatan.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Di <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>, pasukan nontempur Jepang membantu misi kemanusiaan dan kegiatan rekonstruksi infrastruktur mulai Desember 2003 hingga Februari 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-mod.go.jp_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mod.go.jp-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pembagian_administratif">Pembagian administratif</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Pembagian administratif" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembagian administratif"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pembagian_administratif_Jepang" title="Pembagian administratif Jepang">Pembagian administratif Jepang</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_prefektur_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar prefektur di Jepang">Daftar prefektur di Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daftar_wilayah_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar wilayah di Jepang">Daftar wilayah di Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kota_(Jepang)" title="Kota (Jepang)">Kota (Jepang)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daftar_kota_di_Jepang" title="Daftar kota di Jepang">Daftar kota di Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Daftar_desa_di_Jepang" title="Daftar desa di Jepang">Daftar desa di Jepang</a></div> <p>Jepang terdiri dari 47 prefektur, masing-masing diawasi oleh gubernur, birokrasi legislatif dan administratif. Setiap prefektur dibagi lagi menjadi kota, kota dan desa.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Negara ini sedang mengalami <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penggabungan_Kota_dan_pembubaran_di_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Penggabungan Kota dan pembubaran di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">reorganisasi administrasi</a> dengan menggabungkan banyak kota besar, kota kecil dan desa dengan satu sama lain. Proses ini akan mengurangi jumlah wilayah administratif sub-prefektur dan diharapkan dapat memotong biaya administrasi.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg/500px-Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="662" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg/750px-Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg/1000px-Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="755" usemap="#ImageMap_f070d6947b493f74" resource="/wiki/Berkas:Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_f070d6947b493f74"><area href="/wiki/Hokkaido" shape="poly" coords="367,3,440,57,478,39,495,81,452,100,428,149,378,127,353,141,335,133,362,160,329,182,317,140,331,103,362,82,358,18" alt="Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Aomori" shape="poly" coords="339,193,349,193,353,208,368,207,370,191,354,194,358,179,372,181,376,210,389,224,367,233,366,225,334,230,326,223,341,195" alt="Prefektur Aomori" title="Prefektur Aomori" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Akita" shape="poly" coords="333,232,365,225,362,267,370,287,363,290,337,285,339,250,333,257,324,253,334,244" alt="Prefektur Akita" title="Prefektur Akita" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Iwate" shape="poly" coords="366,234,388,225,410,254,394,295,370,288,362,267" alt="Prefektur Iwate" title="Prefektur Iwate" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Yamagata" shape="poly" coords="338,286,363,291,364,316,355,330,360,334,357,341,340,341,337,331,344,322,332,311" alt="Prefektur Yamagata" title="Prefektur Yamagata" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Miyagi" shape="poly" coords="363,293,372,289,386,295,395,294,399,310,380,317,381,333,360,335,357,329,365,317" alt="Prefektur Miyagi" title="Prefektur Miyagi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Fukushima" shape="poly" coords="340,342,358,340,367,332,383,334,392,357,387,377,377,375,373,380,356,368,334,381,326,360,339,354" alt="Prefektur Fukushima" title="Prefektur Fukushima" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Niigata" shape="poly" coords="331,313,343,323,336,332,340,342,339,354,327,360,331,377,316,390,306,381,283,392,276,386,306,358" alt="Prefektur Niigata" title="Prefektur Niigata" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Tochigi" shape="poly" coords="336,382,355,367,367,374,368,395,350,410,339,399" alt="Prefektur Tochigi" title="Prefektur Tochigi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Gunma" shape="poly" coords="337,381,330,378,317,391,305,404,315,409,320,424,335,410,348,410,339,395" alt="Prefektur Gunma" title="Prefektur Gunma" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Ibaraki" shape="poly" coords="367,377,367,395,351,410,369,421,385,415,385,377" alt="Prefektur Ibaraki" title="Prefektur Ibaraki" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Nagano" shape="poly" coords="316,390,307,381,282,395,282,460,293,461,307,430,319,425,306,401" alt="Prefektur Nagano" title="Prefektur Nagano" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Saitama" shape="poly" coords="320,425,334,410,352,411,359,425,334,426,331,431" alt="Prefektur Saitama" title="Prefektur Saitama" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Chiba" shape="poly" coords="357,415,370,421,381,415,392,421,367,462,369,430,360,430" alt="Prefektur Chiba" title="Prefektur Chiba" /><area href="/wiki/Tokyo" shape="poly" coords="333,427,336,435,353,436,361,425" alt="Tōkyō Metropolis" title="Tōkyō Metropolis" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kanagawa" shape="poly" coords="338,435,329,444,338,455,358,449,355,435" alt="Prefektur Kanagawa" title="Prefektur Kanagawa" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Toyama" shape="poly" coords="277,386,280,411,256,417,254,391" alt="Prefektur Toyama" title="Prefektur Toyama" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Ishikawa" shape="poly" coords="264,365,241,379,246,394,234,417,245,426,252,416,253,391" alt="Prefektur Ishikawa" title="Prefektur Ishikawa" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Gifu" shape="poly" coords="248,426,279,411,282,460,258,456,247,467,234,446,252,435" alt="Prefektur Gifu" title="Prefektur Gifu" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Fukui" shape="poly" coords="233,417,252,435,217,461,210,457,229,445,223,431" alt="Prefektur Fukui" title="Prefektur Fukui" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Yamanashi" shape="poly" coords="305,430,321,426,339,435,331,444,316,453,307,445" alt="Prefektur Yamanashi" title="Prefektur Yamanashi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Shizuoka" shape="poly" coords="303,446,314,455,329,446,341,462,332,479,330,460,312,484,282,484" alt="Prefektur Shizuoka" title="Prefektur Shizuoka" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Aichi" shape="poly" coords="296,460,259,458,252,467,255,474,268,490,282,485" alt="Prefektur Aichi" title="Prefektur Aichi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Shiga" shape="poly" coords="235,447,244,466,242,479,230,486,219,460" alt="Prefektur Shiga" title="Prefektur Shiga" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kyoto" shape="poly" coords="189,452,200,445,220,460,231,487,195,467" alt="Prefektur Kyoto" title="Prefektur Kyoto" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Mie" shape="poly" coords="243,467,255,473,247,485,266,498,246,509,235,529,227,524,235,512,235,492,229,487,242,476" alt="Prefektur Mie" title="Prefektur Mie" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Nara" shape="poly" coords="220,486,229,487,235,494,235,513,227,524,217,522" alt="Prefektur Nara" title="Prefektur Nara" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Hyogo" shape="poly" coords="189,453,171,453,177,463,170,474,174,490,210,493,210,478,193,467" alt="Prefektur Hyōgo" title="Prefektur Hyōgo" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Osaka" shape="poly" coords="210,477,220,485,220,503,209,503" alt="Prefektur Ōsaka" title="Prefektur Ōsaka" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Wakayama" shape="poly" coords="207,503,200,509,202,524,226,542,235,531,216,521,220,503" alt="Prefektur Wakayama" title="Prefektur Wakayama" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Tottori" shape="poly" coords="172,454,174,470,160,466,132,482,135,464" alt="Prefektur Tottori" title="Prefektur Tottori" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Okayama" shape="poly" coords="133,481,159,467,172,471,171,491,145,504" alt="Prefektur Okayama" title="Prefektur Okayama" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Shimane" shape="poly" coords="125,458,131,481,109,495,88,514,79,502" alt="Prefektur Shimane" title="Prefektur Shimane" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Hiroshima" shape="poly" coords="130,481,143,504,112,518,98,516,91,509" alt="Prefektur Hiroshima" title="Prefektur Hiroshima" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Yamaguchi" shape="poly" coords="77,504,98,517,96,537,63,535,53,516" alt="Prefektur Yamaguchi" title="Prefektur Yamaguchi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kagawa" shape="poly" coords="160,505,148,515,151,524,178,512" alt="Prefektur Kagawa" title="Prefektur Kagawa" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Tokushima" shape="poly" coords="177,512,150,525,175,540,188,524" alt="Prefektur Tokushima" title="Prefektur Tokushima" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Ehime" shape="poly" coords="148,522,133,527,125,520,97,552,112,556,114,574,124,548" alt="Prefektur Ehime" title="Prefektur Ehime" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kochi" shape="poly" coords="113,574,142,531,175,539,169,552,150,545,129,577" alt="Prefektur Kochi" title="Prefektur Kochi" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Fukuoka" shape="poly" coords="57,531,25,554,43,557,37,570,54,567,54,556,64,546" alt="Prefektur Fukuoka" title="Prefektur Fukuoka" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Oita" shape="poly" coords="66,547,54,569,65,565,73,580,95,577,81,544" alt="Prefektur Ōita" title="Prefektur Ōita" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Saga" shape="poly" coords="22,553,14,560,28,574,43,556" alt="Prefektur Saga" title="Prefektur Saga" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Nagasaki" shape="poly" coords="13,560,27,574,39,581,32,591,16,594,4,562" alt="Prefektur Nagasaki" title="Prefektur Nagasaki" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kumamoto" shape="poly" coords="39,571,65,564,73,578,61,592,63,610,37,610,43,590" alt="Prefektur Kumamoto" title="Prefektur Kumamoto" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Miyazaki" shape="poly" coords="70,579,93,578,76,642,53,613,65,607,61,591" alt="Prefektur Miyazaki" title="Prefektur Miyazaki" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kagoshima" shape="poly" coords="37,608,53,611,70,631,53,655,33,650" alt="Prefektur Kagoshima" title="Prefektur Kagoshima" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Okinawa" shape="poly" coords="456,569,439,602,453,611,471,577" alt="Prefektur Okinawa" title="Prefektur Okinawa" /><area href="/wiki/Tokyo" shape="rect" coords="372,471,402,484" alt="Tōkyō Metropolis" title="Tōkyō Metropolis" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Kanagawa" shape="rect" coords="337,484,384,495" alt="Prefektur Kanagawa" title="Prefektur Kanagawa" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Osaka" shape="rect" coords="193,538,222,550" alt="Prefektur Ōsaka" title="Prefektur Ōsaka" /><area href="/wiki/Prefektur_Wakayama" shape="rect" coords="201,552,249,563" alt="Prefektur Wakayama" title="Prefektur Wakayama" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ekonomi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_Jepang" title="Ekonomi Jepang">Ekonomi Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/220px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/330px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/440px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1443" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Efek_Tokyo" title="Bursa Efek Tokyo">Bursa Efek Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bursa_efek" title="Bursa efek">bursa saham</a> terbesar ketiga di dunia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sejak <a href="/wiki/Periode_Meiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Meiji">periode Meiji</a> (1868-1912), Jepang mulai menganut ekonomi <a href="/wiki/Pasar_bebas" title="Pasar bebas">pasar bebas</a> dan mengadopsi <a href="/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme">kapitalisme</a> model Inggris dan Amerika Serikat. Sistem pendidikan Barat diterapkan di Jepang, dan ribuan orang Jepang dikirim ke Amerika Serikat dan Eropa untuk belajar. Lebih dari 3.000 orang Eropa dan Amerika didatangkan sebagai tenaga pengajar di Jepang.<sup id="cite_ref-patterns_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patterns-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada awal periode Meiji, pemerintah membangun jalan kereta api, jalan raya, dan memulai reformasi kepemilikan tanah. Pemerintah membangun pabrik dan galangan kapal untuk dijual kepada swasta dengan harga murah. Sebagian dari perusahaan yang didirikan pada periode Meiji berkembang menjadi <i><a href="/wiki/Zaibatsu" title="Zaibatsu">zaibatsu</a></i>, dan beberapa di antaranya masih beroperasi hingga kini.<sup id="cite_ref-patterns_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patterns-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pertumbuhan ekonomi riil dari tahun 1960-an hingga 1980-an sering disebut <a href="/wiki/Keajaiban_ekonomi_Jepang_pascaperang" class="mw-redirect" title="Keajaiban ekonomi Jepang pascaperang">"keajaiban ekonomi Jepang"</a>, yakni rata-rata 10% pada tahun 1960-an, 5% pada tahun 1970-an, dan 4% pada tahun 1980-an.<sup id="cite_ref-patterns_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patterns-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dekade 1980-an merupakan masa keemasan <a href="/wiki/Ekspor" title="Ekspor">ekspor</a> otomotif dan barang elektronik ke Eropa dan Amerika Serikat sehingga terjadi surplus neraca perdagangan yang mengakibatkan konflik perdagangan. Setelah ditandatanganinya <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Plaza" title="Perjanjian Plaza">Perjanjian Plaza</a> 1985, dolar AS mengalami depresiasi terhadap yen. Pada Februari 1987, tingkat diskonto resmi diturunkan hingga 2,5% agar produk manufaktur Jepang bisa kembali kompetitif setelah terjadi kemerosotan volume ekspor akibat menguatnya yen. Akibatnya, terjadi surplus <a href="/wiki/Likuiditas" title="Likuiditas">likuiditas</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Penciptaan_uang" title="Penciptaan uang">penciptaan uang</a> dalam jumlah besar. Spekulasi menyebabkan harga <a href="/wiki/Saham" title="Saham">saham</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Realestat" class="mw-redirect" title="Realestat">realestat</a> terus meningkat, dan berakibat pada <a href="/wiki/Penggelembungan_harga_aset_di_Jepang" title="Penggelembungan harga aset di Jepang">penggelembungan harga aset</a>. Harga tanah terutama menjadi sangat tinggi akibat adanya "mitos tanah" bahwa harga tanah tidak akan jatuh.<sup id="cite_ref-kobayashi_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobayashi-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ekonomi gelembung Jepang jatuh pada awal tahun 1990-an akibat <a href="/wiki/Kebijakan_moneter" title="Kebijakan moneter">kebijakan uang ketat</a> yang dikeluarkan <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Japan">Bank of Japan</a> pada 1989, dan kenaikan tingkat diskonto resmi menjadi 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-kobayashi_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobayashi-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada 1990, pemerintah mengeluarkan sistem baru pajak penguasaan tanah dan bank diminta untuk membatasi pendanaan aset properti. <a href="/wiki/Indeks_rata-rata_Nikkei" class="mw-redirect" title="Indeks rata-rata Nikkei">Indeks rata-rata Nikkei</a> dan harga tanah jatuh pada Desember 1989 dan musim gugur 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-kobayashi_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobayashi-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pertumbuhan ekonomi mengalami stagnasi pada 1990-an, dengan angka rata-rata pertumbuhan ekonomi riil hanya 1,7% sebagai akibat penanaman modal yang tidak efisien dan penggelembungan harga aset pada 1980-an. Institusi keuangan menanggung <a href="/wiki/Kredit_bermasalah" title="Kredit bermasalah">kredit bermasalah</a> karena telah mengeluarkan pinjaman uang dengan jaminan tanah atau saham. Usaha pemerintah mengembalikan pertumbuhan ekonomi hanya sedikit yang berhasil dan selanjutnya terhambat oleh <a href="/wiki/Gelembung_dot-com" title="Gelembung dot-com">kelesuan ekonomi global</a> pada tahun 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-ciaecon_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciaecon-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jepang adalah perekonomian <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">terbesar nomor tiga</a> di dunia setelah Amerika Serikat, Jepang bersama <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> adalah 3 negara yang pernah mencatatkan diri sebagai negara-negara dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi tercepat sepanjang sejarah dunia,<sup id="cite_ref-imf_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dengan <a href="/wiki/Produk_Domestik_Bruto" class="mw-redirect" title="Produk Domestik Bruto">PDB nominal</a> sekitar AS$4,5 triliun.<sup id="cite_ref-imf_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, dan perekonomian terbesar ke-3 di dunia setelah AS dan <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Industri utama Jepang adalah sektor <a href="/wiki/Perbankan" class="mw-redirect" title="Perbankan">perbankan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asuransi" title="Asuransi">asuransi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Realestat" class="mw-redirect" title="Realestat">realestat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bisnis_eceran" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisnis eceran">bisnis eceran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transportasi_di_Jepang" title="Transportasi di Jepang">transportasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi">telekomunikasi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Konstruksi" title="Konstruksi">konstruksi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jepang memiliki industri berteknologi tinggi di bidang <a href="/wiki/Otomotif" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomotif">otomotif</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektronik" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesin_perkakas" title="Mesin perkakas">mesin perkakas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Logam" title="Logam">logam</a> non-besi, <a href="/wiki/Kapal" title="Kapal">perkapalan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Industri_kimia" title="Industri kimia">industri kimia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tekstil" title="Tekstil">tekstil</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Pengolahan_makanan" title="Pengolahan makanan">pengolahan makanan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ciaecon_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciaecon-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebesar tiga perempat dari produk domestik bruto Jepang berasal dari sektor jasa. </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:508px;"> <table style="background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; width:504px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang."><img alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/250px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/375px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/500px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; width: 2px"> </td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_(16015772528).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang."><img alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/250px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/375px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/500px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;" colspan="3"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Gedung_Terminal_Abenobashi" title="Gedung Terminal Abenobashi">Abeno Harukas Osaka</a> (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Skytree" title="Tokyo Skytree">Tokyo Skytree</a> (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang.</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Hingga tahun 2001, jumlah angkatan kerja Jepang mencapai 67 juta orang.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_tingkat_pengangguran" title="Daftar negara menurut tingkat pengangguran">Tingkat pengangguran</a> di Jepang sekitar 4%. Pada tahun 2007, Jepang menempati urutan ke-19 dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(PPP)_per_jam_kerja&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (PPP) per jam kerja (halaman belum tersedia)">produktivitas tenaga kerja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Menurut <a href="/wiki/Indeks_Big_Mac" title="Indeks Big Mac">indeks Big Mac</a>, tenaga kerja di Jepang mendapat upah per jam terbesar di dunia. <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Motor">Toyota Motor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_UFJ_Financial" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi UFJ Financial">Mitsubishi UFJ Financial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>, <a href="/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Telegraph_%26_Telephone" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Telegraph &amp; Telephone">Nippon Telegraph &amp; Telephone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon">Canon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matsushita_Electric_Industrial" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsushita Electric Industrial">Matsushita Electric Industrial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Corporation" title="Mitsubishi Corporation">Mitsubishi Corporation</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sumitomo_Mitsui_Financial" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumitomo Mitsui Financial">Sumitomo Mitsui Financial</a> adalah 10 besar perusahaan Jepang pada tahun 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sejumlah 326 perusahaan Jepang masuk ke dalam daftar <a href="/wiki/Forbes_Global_2000" title="Forbes Global 2000">Forbes Global 2000</a> atau 16,3% dari 2000 perusahaan publik terbesar di dunia (data tahun 2006).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Saham_Tokyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa Saham Tokyo">Bursa Saham Tokyo</a> memiliki total <a href="/wiki/Kapitalisasi_pasar" title="Kapitalisasi pasar">kapitalisasi pasar</a> terbesar nomor dua di dunia. Indeks dari 225 saham perusahaan besar yang diperdagangkan di Bursa Saham Tokyo disebut <a href="/wiki/Nikkei_225" title="Nikkei 225">Nikkei 225</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Indeks_Kemudahan_Berbisnis" title="Indeks Kemudahan Berbisnis">Indeks Kemudahan Berbisnis</a>, Jepang menempati peringkat ke-12, dan termasuk salah satu negara maju dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_penerimaan_pajak_sebagai_persentase_PDB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut penerimaan pajak sebagai persentase PDB (halaman belum tersedia)">birokrasi paling sederhana</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme">Kapitalisme</a> model Jepang memiliki sejumlah ciri khas. <a href="/wiki/Keiretsu" title="Keiretsu">Keiretsu</a> adalah grup usaha yang beranggotakan perusahaan yang saling memiliki kerja sama bisnis dan kepemilikan saham. Negosiasi upah (<i><a href="/wiki/Shunt%C5%8D" title="Shuntō">shuntō</a></i>) berikut perbaikan kondisi kerja antara manajemen dan serikat buruh dilakukan setiap awal <a href="/wiki/Musim_semi" title="Musim semi">musim semi</a>. Budaya bisnis Jepang mengenal konsep-konsep lokal, seperti <i><a href="/wiki/Sistem_Nenk%C5%8D" title="Sistem Nenkō">Sistem Nenkō</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Nemawashi" title="Nemawashi">nemawashi</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Salaryman" title="Salaryman">salaryman</a></i>, dan <i><a href="/wiki/Office_lady" title="Office lady">office lady</a></i>. Perusahaan di Jepang mengenal kenaikan pangkat berdasarkan senioritas dan jaminan <a href="/wiki/Pekerjaan_seumur_hidup" title="Pekerjaan seumur hidup">pekerjaan seumur hidup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kejatuhan ekonomi gelembung yang diikuti kebangkrutan besar-besaran dan pemutusan hubungan kerja menyebabkan jaminan pekerjaan seumur hidup mulai ditinggalkan.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perusahaan Jepang dikenal dengan metode manajemen seperti <a href="/wiki/The_Toyota_Way" title="The Toyota Way">The Toyota Way</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aktivisme_pemegang_saham" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktivisme pemegang saham">Aktivisme pemegang saham</a> sangat jarang.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Ekonomi" title="Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi">Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi</a>, Jepang menempati urutan ke-5 negara paling <a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire" title="Laissez-faire">laissez-faire</a> di antara 41 negara Asia Pasifik.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Toyota_Prius_side.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/200px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/300px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/400px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1533" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_hibrida_(automotif)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi hibrida (automotif) (halaman belum tersedia)">Mobil hibrida</a> <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Prius" title="Toyota Prius">Toyota Prius</a>. Produk <a href="/wiki/Otomotif" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomotif">otomotif</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Elektronik" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a> adalah komoditas ekspor unggulan Jepang.</figcaption></figure> <p>Total ekspor Jepang pada tahun 2005 adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_ekspor_per_kapita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut ekspor per kapita (halaman belum tersedia)">4.210 dolar AS per kapita</a>. Pasar ekspor terbesar Jepang tahun 2006 adalah <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> 22,8%, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Eropa" title="Uni Eropa">Uni Eropa</a> 14,5%, <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> 14,3%, <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> 7,8%, <a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Taiwan</a> 6,8%, dan <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> 5,6%. Produk ekspor unggulan Jepang adalah alat transportasi, <a href="/wiki/Kendaraan_bermotor" title="Kendaraan bermotor">kendaraan bermotor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektronik" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a>, mesin-mesin listrik, dan <a href="/wiki/Bahan_kimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahan kimia">bahan kimia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ciaecon_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciaecon-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Negara sumber impor terbesar bagi Jepang pada tahun 2006 adalah <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> 20,5%, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">AS</a> 12,0%, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Eropa" title="Uni Eropa">Uni Eropa</a> 10,3%, <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a> 6,4%, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a> 5,5%, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> 4,8%, <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> 4,7%, dan <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> 4,2%. Impor utama Jepang adalah mesin-mesin dan perkakas, <a href="/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi">minyak bumi</a>, bahan <a href="/wiki/Makanan" title="Makanan">makanan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tekstil" title="Tekstil">tekstil</a>, dan bahan mentah untuk industri.<sup id="cite_ref-ciaecon_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciaecon-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jepang adalah negara pengimpor hasil laut terbesar di dunia (senilai AS$ 14 miliar).<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jepang berada di peringkat ke-6 setelah <a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">RRT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a>, dengan total tangkapan ikan yang terus menurun sejak 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pertanian adalah sektor industri andalan hingga beberapa tahun seusai <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Menurut sensus tahun 1950, sekitar 50% angkatan kerja berada di bidang pertanian. Sepanjang "masa keajaiban ekonomi Jepang", angkatan kerja di bidang pertanian terus menyusut hingga sekitar 4,1% pada tahun 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada Februari 2007 terdapat 1.813.000 keluarga petani komersial, namun di antaranya hanya kurang dari 21,2% atau 387.000 keluarga petani pengusaha.<sup id="cite_ref-yano_agri0.5_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yano_agri0.5-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebagian besar angkatan kerja pertanian sudah berusia lanjut, sementara angkatan kerja usia muda hanya sedikit yang bekerja di bidang pertanian.<sup id="cite_ref-yano_agri1_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yano_agri1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diperkirakan oleh pengamat ekonomi bahwa, Jepang bersama <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> dan <a href="/wiki/RRT" class="mw-redirect" title="RRT">RRT</a> akan benar-benar mendominasi dunia pada tahun 2030 dan mematahkan dominasi barat atas perekonomian dunia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Demografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Demografi_Jepang" title="Demografi Jepang">demografi Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Jepang">bangsa Jepang</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masalah_ras_di_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Masalah ras di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">masalah ras di Jepang</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Jepang" title="Agama di Jepang">agama di Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Shibuya_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/220px-Shibuya_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/330px-Shibuya_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/440px-Shibuya_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>Pemandangan <a href="/wiki/Shibuya,_Tokyo" title="Shibuya, Tokyo">perempatan Shibuya</a> pada malam hari. Perempatan Shibuya dikenal sangat ramai dengan penyeberang jalan.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/220px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/330px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/440px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kuil_Shinto" title="Kuil Shinto">Kuil Shinto</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuil_Itsukushima" title="Kuil Itsukushima">Itsukushima</a> <a href="/wiki/Situs_Warisan_Dunia_UNESCO" class="mw-redirect" title="Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO">Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Populasi Jepang diperkirakan sekitar 127,614 juta orang (perkiraan 1 Februari 2009).<sup id="cite_ref-ciapeople_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciapeople-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Masyarakat Jepang homogen dalam <a href="/wiki/Etnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Etnis">etnis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya">budaya</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">bahasa</a>, dengan sedikit populasi pekerja asing. Di antara sedikit penduduk minoritas di Jepang terdapat <a href="/wiki/Orang_Korea_di_Jepang" title="Orang Korea di Jepang">orang Korea Zainichi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orang_Tionghoa_di_Jepang" title="Orang Tionghoa di Jepang">Tionghoa Zainichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orang_Filipina_di_Jepang" title="Orang Filipina di Jepang">orang Filipina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diaspora_Jepang" title="Diaspora Jepang">orang Brazil-Jepang</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Orang_Peru-Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Peru-Jepang">orang Peru-Jepang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada 2003, ada sekitar 136.000 orang Barat yang menjadi ekspatriat di Jepang.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kewarganegaraan Jepang diberikan kepada bayi yang dilahirkan dari ayah atau ibu berkewarganegaraan Jepang, ayah berkewarganegaraan Jepang yang wafat sebelum bayi lahir, atau bayi yang lahir di Jepang dengan ayah/ibu tidak diketahui/tidak memiliki <a href="/wiki/Warga_negara" class="mw-redirect" title="Warga negara">kewarganegaraan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Suku_bangsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku bangsa">Suku bangsa</a> yang paling dominan adalah penduduk asli yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Suku_Yamato" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Yamato">suku Yamato</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kelompok_minoritas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelompok minoritas">kelompok minoritas</a> utama yang terdiri dari penduduk asli <a href="/wiki/Suku_Ainu" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Ainu">suku Ainu</a><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Orang_Ryukyu" title="Orang Ryukyu">Ryukyu</a>, ditambah kelompok minoritas secara sosial yang disebut <i><a href="/wiki/Burakumin" title="Burakumin">burakumin</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun 2006, tingkat <a href="/wiki/Harapan_hidup" title="Harapan hidup">harapan hidup</a> di Jepang adalah 81,25 tahun, dan merupakan salah satu tingkat harapan hidup tertinggi di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Namun populasi Jepang dengan cepat menua sebagai dampak dari <a href="/wiki/Ledakan_kelahiran_pasca_Perang_Dunia_II" title="Ledakan kelahiran pasca Perang Dunia II">ledakan kelahiran pascaperang</a> diikuti dengan penurunan tingkat kelahiran. Pada tahun 2004, sekitar 19,5% dari populasi Jepang sudah berusia di atas 65 tahun.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perubahan dalam struktur demografi menyebabkan sejumlah masalah sosial, terutama kecenderungan menurunnya populasi angkatan kerja dan meningkatnya biaya jaminan sosial seperti <a href="/wiki/Pensiun" title="Pensiun">uang pensiun</a>. Masalah lain termasuk meningkatkan generasi muda yang memilih untuk tidak <a href="/wiki/Menikah" class="mw-redirect" title="Menikah">menikah</a> atau memiliki keluarga ketika dewasa.<sup id="cite_ref-Ogawa_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ogawa-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Populasi Jepang dikhawatirkan akan merosot menjadi 100 juta pada tahun 2050 dan makin menurun hingga 64 juta pada tahun 2100.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pakar demografi dan pejabat pemerintah kini dalam perdebatan hangat mengenai cara menangani masalah penurunan jumlah penduduk.<sup id="cite_ref-Ogawa_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ogawa-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Imigrasi" title="Imigrasi">Imigrasi</a> dan insentif uang untuk kelahiran bayi sering disarankan sebagai pemecahan masalah penduduk Jepang yang semakin menua.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perkiraan tertinggi jumlah penganut <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">agama Buddha</a> sekaligus <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> adalah 84-96% yang menunjukkan besarnya jumlah penganut sinkretisme dari kedua agama tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walaupun demikian, perkiraan tersebut hanya didasarkan pada jumlah orang yang diperkirakan ada hubungan dengan kuil, dan bukan jumlah penduduk yang sungguh-sungguh menganut kedua agama tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-Kisala_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kisala-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Professor Robert Kisala (dari <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Nanzan" title="Universitas Nanzan">Universitas Nanzan</a>) memperkirakan hanya 30% dari penduduk Jepang yang mengaku menganut suatu agama.<sup id="cite_ref-Kisala_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kisala-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme">Taoisme</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Konfusianisme" title="Konfusianisme">Konfusianisme</a> dari Tiongkok juga memengaruhi kepercayaan dan tradisi Jepang. Agama di Jepang cenderung bersifat <a href="/wiki/Sinkretisme" title="Sinkretisme">sinkretisme</a> dengan hasil berupa berbagai macam tradisi, seperti orang tua membawa anak-anak ke upacara <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a>, pelajar berdoa di <a href="/wiki/Kuil_Shinto" title="Kuil Shinto">kuil Shinto</a> meminta lulus ujian, pernikahan ala Barat di <a href="/wiki/Kapel" title="Kapel">kapel</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Gereja" title="Gereja">gereja</a> <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a>, sementara pemakaman diurus oleh <a href="/wiki/Kuil_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuil Buddha">kuil Buddha</a>. Penduduk beragama <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a> hanya minoritas sejumlah (2.595.397 juta atau 2,04%).<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kebanyakan orang Jepang mengambil sikap tidak peduli terhadap <a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">agama</a> dan melihat <a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">agama</a> sebagai <a href="/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya">budaya</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tradisi" title="Tradisi">tradisi</a>. Bila ditanya mengenai agama, mereka akan mengatakan bahwa mereka beragama <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> hanya karena nenek moyang mereka menganut salah satu sekte agama Buddha. Selain itu, di Jepang sejak pertengahan abad ke-19 bermunculan berbagai sekte agama baru (<i><a href="/wiki/Shinsh%C5%ABky%C5%8D" title="Shinshūkyō">Shinshūkyō</a></i>) seperti <a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Aum_Shinrikyo" title="Aum Shinrikyo">Aum Shinrikyo</a> (atau Aleph). </p><p>Lebih dari 99% penduduk Jepang berbicara <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a> sebagai bahasa ibu.<sup id="cite_ref-ciapeople_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciapeople-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bahasa Jepang adalah <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_aglutinatif" title="Bahasa aglutinatif">bahasa aglutinatif</a> dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuturan_hormat_dalam_bahasa_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuturan hormat dalam bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">tuturan hormat</a> (kata honorifik) yang mencerminkan hierarki dalam masyarakat Jepang. Pemilihan kata kerja dan kosakata menunjukkan status pembicara dan pendengar. Menurut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamus_bahasa_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamus bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">kamus bahasa Jepang</a> <i>Shinsen-kokugojiten</i>, kosakata dari Tiongkok berjumlah sekitar 49,1% dari kosakata keseluruhan, kata-kata asli Jepang hanya 33,8% dan <a href="/wiki/Kata_serapan" title="Kata serapan">kata serapan</a> sekitar 8,8%.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_penulisan_bahasa_Jepang" title="Sistem penulisan bahasa Jepang">Bahasa Jepang</a> ditulis memakai aksara <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">hiragana</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakana</a>, ditambah <a href="/wiki/Huruf_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf Latin">huruf Latin</a> dan penulisan <a href="/wiki/Angka_Arab" title="Angka Arab">angka Arab</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ryukyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Ryukyu">Bahasa Ryukyu</a> yang juga termasuk salah satu <a href="/wiki/Keluarga_bahasa_Japonik" class="mw-redirect" title="Keluarga bahasa Japonik">keluarga bahasa Japonik</a> dipakai <a href="/wiki/Prefektur_Okinawa" title="Prefektur Okinawa">orang Okinawa</a>, tetapi hanya sedikit dipelajari anak-anak.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ainu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Ainu">Bahasa Ainu</a> adalah <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_mati" title="Bahasa mati">bahasa mati</a> dengan hanya sedikit <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_ibu" title="Bahasa ibu">penutur asli</a> yang sudah berusia lanjut di <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Murid sekolah negeri dan swasta di Jepang hanya diharuskan belajar bahasa Jepang dan bahasa Inggris.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="navbox"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em">&#160;</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float: left;height:2.6em;"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kota_terbesar_di_Jepang" title="Templat:Kota terbesar di Jepang"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kota_terbesar_di_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kota terbesar di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kota_terbesar_di_Jepang&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Kota terbesar di Jepang</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/data/kokusei/2010/jinsoku/zuhyou/jinsoku.xls">2010 Census</a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Peringkat </th> <th> </th> <th>Prefektur </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Peringkat </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Prefektur_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefektur Jepang">Prefektur</a> </th> <th>Pop.</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_(revised).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tokyo"><img alt="Tokyo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/120px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/180px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/240px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21,_Yokohama,_20150201.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yokohama"><img alt="Yokohama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg/120px-Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg/180px-Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg/240px-Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.839.910</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.174.209 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Osaka"><img alt="Osaka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg/120px-Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg/180px-Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg/240px-Nakanoshima_Skyscrapers_in_201504_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nagoya"><img alt="Nagoya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg/120px-Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg/180px-Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg/240px-Meieki_from_Heiwa_Park_Aqua_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5900" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.689.603</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sendai" class="mw-redirect" title="Sendai">Sendai</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.045.903 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.666.371</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitakyushu">Kitakyushu</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">977.288 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.263.907</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiba (city)">Chiba</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">962.130 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.914.434</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sakai" class="mw-disambig" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">842.134 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kobe" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe">Kobe</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.544.873</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata (city)">Niigata</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">812.192 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyoto</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.474.473</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">800.912 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.463.826</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" class="mw-disambig" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">734.294 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.425.678</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">717.561 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saitama (city)">Saitama</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.222.910</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka" title="Shizuoka">Shizuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">716.328 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Pendidikan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pendidikan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pendidikan_di_Jepang" title="Pendidikan di Jepang">Pendidikan di Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Yasuda_Auditorium,_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/220px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/330px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/440px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Auditorium Yasuda di <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Tokyo" title="Universitas Tokyo">Universitas Tokyo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Pendidikan dasar dan menengah, serta pendidikan tinggi diperkenalkan di Jepang pada 1872 sebagai hasil <a href="/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji" title="Restorasi Meiji">Restorasi Meiji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sejak 1947, program wajib belajar di Jepang mewajibkan setiap warga negara untuk untuk bersekolah selama 9 tahun di <a href="/wiki/Sekolah_Dasar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekolah Dasar">Sekolah Dasar</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sekolah_Menengah_Pertama" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekolah Menengah Pertama">Sekolah Menengah Pertama</a> (dari usia 6 hingga 15 tahun). Di kalangan penduduk berusia 15 tahun ke atas, tingkat melek huruf sebesar 99%, laki-laki: 99%; perempuan: 99% (2002).<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hampir semua murid meneruskan ke <a href="/wiki/Sekolah_Menengah_Atas" title="Sekolah Menengah Atas">Sekolah Menengah Atas</a>, dan menurut <a href="/wiki/Kementerian_Pendidikan,_Budaya,_Olahraga,_Ilmu_Pengetahuan_dan_Teknologi_(Jepang)" title="Kementerian Pendidikan, Budaya, Olahraga, Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (Jepang)">MEXT</a> sekitar 75,9% lulusan sekolah menengah atas pada tahun 2005 melanjutkan ke <a href="/wiki/Universitas" title="Universitas">universitas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akademi" title="Akademi">akademi</a>, sekolah keterampilan, atau lembaga pendidikan tinggi lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pendidikan di Jepang sangat kompetitif,<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> khususnya dalam ujian masuk perguruan tinggi. Dua peringkat teratas universitas di Jepang ditempati oleh <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Tokyo" title="Universitas Tokyo">Universitas Tokyo</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Keio" title="Universitas Keio">Universitas Keio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam peringkat yang disusun <a href="/wiki/Program_Penilaian_Pelajar_Internasional" title="Program Penilaian Pelajar Internasional">Program Penilaian Pelajar Internasional</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_untuk_Kerjasama_dan_Pengembangan_Ekonomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi">OECD</a>, pengetahuan dan keterampilan anak Jepang berusia 15 tahun berada di peringkat nomor enam terbaik di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peringkat_internasional">Peringkat internasional</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Peringkat internasional" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Peringkat internasional"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">Indeks Pembangunan Manusia</a> - peringkat ke-19 dan 4 besar di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Pers" title="Indeks Kebebasan Pers">Indeks Kebebasan Pers</a> - peringkat ke-11</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDB" class="mw-redirect" title="PDB">PDB</a> - peringkat ke-3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Kualitas_Hidup" title="Indeks Kualitas Hidup">Indeks Kualitas Hidup</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Persepsi_Korupsi" title="Indeks Persepsi Korupsi">Indeks Persepsi Korupsi</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Ekonomi" title="Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi">Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laporan_Daya_Saing_Global" title="Laporan Daya Saing Global">Laporan Daya Saing Global</a> - peringkat ke-7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peringkat_dunia_FIFA" class="mw-redirect" title="Peringkat dunia FIFA">Peringkat dunia FIFA</a> - peringkat ke-28</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_Perdagangan_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Total Perdagangan Internasional">Total Perdagangan Internasional</a> - peringkat ke-2</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Budaya">Budaya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Budaya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Budaya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Budaya_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Budaya Jepang">Budaya Jepang</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/220px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/330px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/440px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2590" data-file-height="1827" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kinkaku-ji" title="Kinkaku-ji">Kinkaku-ji</a> atau 'Kuil Emas Pavilion' di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monumen_Bersejarah_Kyoto_(Kyoto,_Uji_and_Otsu_Cities)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Monumen Bersejarah Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) (halaman belum tersedia)">Kyoto</a> dan Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO.</figcaption></figure> <p>Budaya Jepang mencakup interaksi antara budaya asli <a href="/wiki/Jomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jomon">Jomon</a> yang kukuh dengan pengaruh dari luar negeri yang menyusul. Mula-mula <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> banyak membawa pengaruh, bermula dengan perkembangan budaya <a href="/wiki/Yayoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yayoi">Yayoi</a> sekitar <a href="/wiki/300_SM" title="300 SM">300 SM</a>. Gabungan tradisi budaya <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> dan <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, memengaruhi seni dan keagamaan Jepang sejak <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-6" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-6">abad ke-6</a> Masehi, dilengkapi dengan pengenalan <a href="/wiki/Agama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">agama Buddha</a> sekte <a href="/wiki/Mahayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a>. Sejak abad ke-16, pengaruh <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a> menonjol, disusul dengan pengaruh <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> yang mendominasi Jepang setelah berakhirnya <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Jepang turut mengembangkan budaya yang original dan unik, dalam seni (<a href="/wiki/Ikebana" title="Ikebana">ikebana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">origami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kerajinan_tangan" title="Kerajinan tangan">kerajinan tangan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pahatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahatan">pahatan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tembikar" title="Tembikar">tembikar</a>, persembahan (boneka <a href="/wiki/Bunraku" title="Bunraku">bunraku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nihon_buyo" title="Nihon buyo">tarian tradisional</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">noh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">rakugo</a>), dan tradisi (<a href="/wiki/Permainan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Permainan Jepang">permainan Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">onsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sento" class="mw-redirect" title="Sento">sento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upacara_minum_teh" class="mw-redirect" title="Upacara minum teh">upacara minum teh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taman_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Taman Jepang">taman Jepang</a>), serta <a href="/wiki/Makanan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Makanan Jepang">makanan Jepang</a>. </p><p>Kini, Jepang merupakan salah sebuah pengekspor budaya pop yang terbesar. <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mode" title="Mode">mode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kesusastraan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesusastraan">kesusastraan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Permainan_video" title="Permainan video">permainan video</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Musik" title="Musik">musik</a> Jepang menerima sambutan hangat di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara-negara <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> yang lain. Pemuda Jepang gemar menciptakan <i>trend</i> baru dan kegemaran mengikut gaya mereka memengaruhi mode dan trend seluruh dunia. Pasar muda-mudi yang amat baik merupakan ujian untuk produk-produk elektronik konsumen yang baru, di mana gaya dan fungsinya ditentukan oleh pengguna Jepang, sebelum dipertimbangkan untuk diedarkan ke seluruh dunia. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Chakin-sushi2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/220px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/330px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/440px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><i>Chakinzushi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushi">sushi</a> yang dibungkus telur dadar tipis.</figcaption></figure> <p>Baru-baru ini Jepang mula mengekspor satu lagi komoditas budaya yang bernilai: olahragawan. Popularitas pemain <a href="/wiki/Bisbol" title="Bisbol">bisbol</a> Jepang di <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> meningkatkan kesadaran warga negara Barat tersebut terhadap segalanya mengenai Jepang. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Makanan_populer">Makanan populer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Makanan populer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Makanan populer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Orang Jepang biasanya gemar memakan makanan <a href="/wiki/Tradisi" title="Tradisi">tradisi</a> mereka. Sebagian besar acara TV pada waktu petang dikhususkan pada penemuan dan penghasilan makanan tradisional yang bermutu. Makanan Jepang mencetak nama di seluruh dunia dengan <a href="/wiki/Sushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushi">sushi</a>, yang biasanya dibuat dari berbagai jenis ikan mentah yang digabungkan dengan nasi dan <a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">wasabi</a>. Sushi memiliki banyak penggemar di seluruh dunia. Makanan Jepang bertumpu pada peralihan musim, dengan menghidangkan mi dingin dan <a href="/wiki/Sashimi" title="Sashimi">sashimi</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Ramen" title="Ramen">ramen</a> panas dan <a href="/wiki/Shabu-shabu" title="Shabu-shabu">shabu-shabu</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Musim_dingin" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dentsu2006-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dentsu2006_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dentsu Communication Institute, Japan Research Center: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/9460.html">Sixty Countries' Values Databook</a></i> (世界60カ国価値観データブック) (2000).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Menurut legenda, Jepang didirikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jimmu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Jimmu">Kaisar Jimmu</a>, Sang Kaisar Pertama.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japan.go.jp/japan/facts/">"Facts about Japan, General Information"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Facts+about+Japan%2C+General+Information&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japan.go.jp%2Fjapan%2Ffacts%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/">"Explore all countries–Japan"</a>. <i>World Fact Book</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">24 Oktober</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Fact+Book&amp;rft.atitle=Explore+all+countries%E2%80%93Japan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fjapan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-stat.go.jp/en/stat-search/files?page=1&amp;layout=datalist&amp;toukei=00200521&amp;tstat=000001136464&amp;cycle=0&amp;year=20200&amp;month=24101210&amp;tclass1=000001136465&amp;tclass2=000001154388&amp;tclass3val=0">"2020 Population Census Preliminary Tabulation"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statistics_Bureau_(Japan)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Statistics Bureau (Japan) (halaman belum tersedia)">Statistics Bureau of Japan</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=2020+Population+Census+Preliminary+Tabulation&amp;rft.pub=Statistics+Bureau+of+Japan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-stat.go.jp%2Fen%2Fstat-search%2Ffiles%3Fpage%3D1%26layout%3Ddatalist%26toukei%3D00200521%26tstat%3D000001136464%26cycle%3D0%26year%3D20200%26month%3D24101210%26tclass1%3D000001136465%26tclass2%3D000001154388%26tclass3val%3D0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOJP_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October/weo-report?c=158,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2027&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">"World Economic Outlook database: October 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+database%3A+October+2022&amp;rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&amp;rft.date=2022-10&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D158%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2027%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm"><i>Inequality - Income inequality - OECD Data</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Inequality+-+Income+inequality+-+OECD+Data&amp;rft.pub=OECD&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.oecd.org%2Finequality%2Fincome-inequality.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. September 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&amp;rft.date=2022-09-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-houseikyokusangiin-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-houseikyokusangiin_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://houseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp/column/column068.htm"><bdi lang="ja">法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」</bdi></a> (dalam bahasa Japanese). Legislative Bureau of the House of Councillors<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E6%B3%95%E5%88%B6%E5%9F%B7%E5%8B%99%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E9%9B%86%E3%80%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E3%81%A8%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E%E3%83%BB%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%80%8D&amp;rft.pub=Legislative+Bureau+of+the+House+of+Councillors&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhouseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp%2Fcolumn%2Fcolumn068.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">[Jepang <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf">http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf</a> "<i>Facts and Figures of Japan 2007 01: Land</i>"]<span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Foreign Press Center Japan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090731072744/http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-07-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-07-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Facts+and+Figures+of+Japan+2007+01%3A+Land&amp;rft.pub=Foreign+Press+Center+Japan&amp;rft_id=Jepang+http%3A%2F%2Ffpcj.jp%2Fold%2Fe%2Fmres%2Fpublication%2Fff%2Fpdf_07%2F01_land.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">line feed character di <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> pada posisi 7 (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#invisible_char" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">"World Factbook; Japan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>. 2007-03-15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073556/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World+Factbook%3B+Japan&amp;rft.pub=CIA&amp;rft.date=2007-03-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fja.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf">United Nations World Population Propsects: 2006 revision</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130721171003/http://ww">https://web.archive.org/web/20130721171003/http://ww</a> w.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf Diarsipkan] 2013-07-21 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.–Table A.17 for 2005-2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schreiber-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schreiber_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Schreiber, Mark (26 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2019/11/26/language/nihon-nippon-japan/">"You say 'Nihon,' I say 'Nippon,' or let's call the whole thing 'Japan'?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200613171215/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2019/11/26/language/nihon-nippon-japan/">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&amp;rft.atitle=You+say+%27Nihon%2C%27+I+say+%27Nippon%2C%27+or+let%27s+call+the+whole+thing+%27Japan%27%3F&amp;rft.date=2019-11-26&amp;rft.aulast=Schreiber&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Flife%2F2019%2F11%2F26%2Flanguage%2Fnihon-nippon-japan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/message/jpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html">"Re: にほん or にっぽん"</a>. <i>www.sf.airnet.ne.jp</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615060402/http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/message/jpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-10-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.sf.airnet.ne.jp&amp;rft.atitle=Re%3A+%E3%81%AB%E3%81%BB%E3%82%93+or+%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%82%93&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf.airnet.ne.jp%2F~ts%2Fjapanese%2Fmessage%2FjpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahd-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ahd_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cZ88p_bSt1EC&amp;pg=PAPA146"><i>Word Histories and Mysteries: From Abracadabra to Zeus</i></a>. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. October 13, 2004. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-547-35027-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-547-35027-1">978-0-547-35027-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230210170845/https://books.google.com/books?id=cZ88p_bSt1EC&amp;pg=PAPA146">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Word+Histories+and+Mysteries%3A+From+Abracadabra+to+Zeus&amp;rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&amp;rft.date=2004-10-13&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-547-35027-1&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcZ88p_bSt1EC%26pg%3DPAPA146&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luīs Fróis, "Of the Ilande of Giapan" (February 19, 1565), published in Richard Willes, "The History of Travayle in the West and East Indies" (London 1577), cited in "Travel Narratives from the Age of Discovery", by Peter C. Mancall, pp. 156–57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Batchelor, Robert K. (January 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=giZnAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPA79"><i>London: The Selden Map and the Making of a Global City, 1549–1689</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. hlm.&#160;76, 79. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-226-08079-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-226-08079-6">978-0-226-08079-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230210170854/https://books.google.com/books?id=giZnAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPA79">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=London%3A+The+Selden+Map+and+the+Making+of+a+Global+City%2C+1549%E2%80%931689&amp;rft.pages=76%2C+79&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft.date=2014-01-06&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-226-08079-6&amp;rft.aulast=Batchelor&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert+K.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgiZnAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPAPA79&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> In Richard Wille's 1577 book "The History of Travalye in the West and East Indies"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Brown, Delmer M.; Hall, John Whitney; Jansen, Marius B.; Shively, Donald H.; Twitchett, Denis (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/A3_6lp8IOK8C"><i>The Cambridge History of Japan: Volume 1</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. hlm.&#160;275. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-521-22352-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-521-22352-2">978-0-521-22352-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210129085141/https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/A3_6lp8IOK8C">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Japan%3A+Volume+1&amp;rft.pages=275&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1988&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-521-22352-2&amp;rft.aulast=Brown&amp;rft.aufirst=Delmer+M.&amp;rft.au=Hall%2C+John+Whitney&amp;rft.au=Jansen%2C+Marius+B.&amp;rft.au=Shively%2C+Donald+H.&amp;rft.au=Twitchett%2C+Denis&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2F_%2FA3_6lp8IOK8C&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Delmer M. Brown (ed.), ed. (1993). <i>The Cambridge History of Japan</i>. Cambridge University Press. hlm.&#160;140–149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Japan&amp;rft.pages=140-149&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: editors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan:_editors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: editors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">William Gerald Beasley (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?visbn=0520225600&amp;id=9AivK7yMICgC&amp;pg=PA42&amp;lpg=PA42&amp;dq=Soga+Buddhism+intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Japan&amp;sig=V65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q#PPA42,M1"><i>The Japanese Experience: A Short History of Japan</i></a>. University of California Press. hlm.&#160;42. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0520225600" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0520225600">0520225600</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120413093004/http://books.google.com/books?visbn=0520225600&amp;id=9AivK7yMICgC&amp;pg=PA42&amp;lpg=PA42&amp;dq=Soga+Buddhism+intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Japan&amp;sig=V65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q#PPA42,M1">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-04-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Japanese+Experience%3A+A+Short+History+of+Japan&amp;rft.pages=42&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.isbn=0520225600&amp;rft.au=William+Gerald+Beasley&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fvisbn%3D0520225600%26id%3D9AivK7yMICgC%26pg%3DPA42%26lpg%3DPA42%26dq%3DSoga%2BBuddhism%2Bintitle%3AHistory%2Bintitle%3Aof%2Bintitle%3AJapan%26sig%3DV65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q%23PPA42%2CM1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Conrad Totman (2002). <i>A History of Japan</i>. Blackwell. hlm.&#160;64–79. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1405123594" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1405123594">978-1405123594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan&amp;rft.pages=64-79&amp;rft.pub=Blackwell&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-1405123594&amp;rft.au=Conrad+Totman&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Conrad Totman (2002). <i>A History of Japan</i>. Blackwell. hlm.&#160;122–123. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1405123594" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1405123594">978-1405123594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan&amp;rft.pages=122-123&amp;rft.pub=Blackwell&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-1405123594&amp;rft.au=Conrad+Totman&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Sansom&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="George Sansom (halaman belum tersedia)">George Sansom</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans"><i>A History of Japan: 1334–1615</i></a>. Stanford. hlm.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans/page/42">42</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8047-0525-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8047-0525-9">0-8047-0525-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan%3A+1334%E2%80%931615&amp;rft.pages=42&amp;rft.pub=Stanford&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft.isbn=0-8047-0525-9&amp;rft.au=George+Sansom&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofjapan00sans&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Sansom&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="George Sansom (halaman belum tersedia)">George Sansom</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans"><i>A History of Japan: 1334–1615</i></a>. Stanford. hlm.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans/page/217">217</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8047-0525-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8047-0525-9">0-8047-0525-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan%3A+1334%E2%80%931615&amp;rft.pages=217&amp;rft.pub=Stanford&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft.isbn=0-8047-0525-9&amp;rft.au=George+Sansom&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofjapan00sans&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Turnbull_(historian)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Turnbull (historian) (halaman belum tersedia)">Stephen Turnbull</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/samuraiinvasionj0000turn"><i>Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War</i></a>. Cassel. hlm.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/samuraiinvasionj0000turn/page/227">227</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0304359486" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0304359486">978-0304359486</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Samurai+Invasion%3A+Japan%27s+Korean+War&amp;rft.pages=227&amp;rft.pub=Cassel&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-0304359486&amp;rft.au=Stephen+Turnbull&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsamuraiinvasionj0000turn&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Hooker, Richard (1999-07-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060828004748/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/KOKUGAKU.HTM">"Japan Glossary; Kokugaku"</a>. Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/KOKUGAKU.HTM">versi asli</a> tanggal 2006-08-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://filebox.vt.edu/users/jearnol2/MeijiRestoration/imperial_japan.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-04-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Japan%3A+The+Making+of+a+World+Superpower+%28Imperial+Japan%29&amp;rft.pub=vt.edu%2Fusers%2Fjearnol2&amp;rft.au=Jesse+Arnold&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilebox.vt.edu%2Fusers%2Fjearnol2%2FMeijiRestoration%2Fimperial_japan.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kelley L. 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McFarland. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7864-0141-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7864-0141-9">0-7864-0141-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=No+Choice+But+War%3A+the+United+States+Embargo+Against+Japan+and+the+Eruption+of+War+in+the+Pacific&amp;rft.pub=McFarland&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.isbn=0-7864-0141-9&amp;rft.au=Roland+H.+Worth%2C+Jr.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061231090453/http://library.educationworld.net/txt15/surrend1.html">"Japanese Instrument of Surrender"</a>. educationworld.net. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.educationworld.net/txt15/surrend1.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2006-12-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Konstitusi Jepang Bab 1 Pasal 6, Kaisar (第1章 天皇)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s1">http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090313115101/http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s1">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-03-13 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Konstitusi Jepang Bab 1 7 Butir 5, Kaisar (第1章 天皇)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Michael Green. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/03/japan_is_back_why_tokyos_new_a.html">"Japan Is Back: Why Tokyo's New Assertiveness Is Good for Washington"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Debt+Relief+is+down%3A+Other+ODA+rises+slightly&amp;rft.pub=Organisation+for+Economic+Co-Operation+and+Development&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fdocument%2F8%2F0%2C3343%2Cen_2649_33721_40381960_1_1_1_1%2C00.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.id.emb-japan.go.jp/oda/id/whatisoda_02.htm">"Sejarah Bantuan ODA Jepang di Indonesia"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sejarah+Bantuan+ODA+Jepang+di+Indonesia&amp;rft.pub=Situs+Bantuan+ODA+Jepang+di+Indonesia&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.id.emb-japan.go.jp%2Foda%2Fid%2Fwhatisoda_02.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4797701.stm">"Japan's island row with Russia"</a>. 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Kementerian Luar Negeri Jepang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100930044112/http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/senkaku/senkaku.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2010-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NationMaster%3B+Economy+Statistics&amp;rft.pub=NationMaster&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationmaster.com%2Fgraph%2Feco_gdp_ppp-economy-gdp-ppp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c06cont.htm">er 6 Manufacturing and Construction</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091113145845/http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c06cont.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-11-13 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Statistical Handbook of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032804/http://www.prcdc.org/summaries/japan/japan.html">"Salinan arsip"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prcdc.org/summaries/japan/japan.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Salinan+arsip&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prcdc.org%2Fsummaries%2Fjapan%2Fjapan.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/">"Groningen Growth and Development Centre"</a>. <i>University of Groningen</i>. 27 Jul 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200410163107/https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=University+of+Groningen&amp;rft.atitle=Groningen+Growth+and+Development+Centre&amp;rft.date=2016-07-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rug.nl%2Fggdc%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.ft.com/cms/38123b92-41ea-11dd-a5e8-0000779fd2ac.pdf">Japan 500 2008</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090211113018/http://media.ft.com/cms/38123b92-41ea-11dd-a5e8-0000779fd2ac.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-02-11 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> Diakses pada 8 Maret 2009]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/18/06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html">"The Forbes 2000 - Forbes.com"</a>. <i>www.forbes.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829035435/https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/18/06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.forbes.com&amp;rft.atitle=The+Forbes+2000+-+Forbes.com&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Flists%2F2006%2F18%2F06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyse.com/events/1170156816059.html">Market data.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011121725/http://www.nyse.com/events/1170156816059.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-10-11 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. New York Stock Exchange (2006-01-31). Diakses pada 2007-08-11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id=7193984">"Japan's Economy: Free at last"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>. 2006-07-20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011224944/http://economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id=7193984">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Economy%3A+Free+at+last&amp;rft.pub=The+Economist&amp;rft.date=2006-07-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2FdisplayStory.cfm%3Fstory_id%3D7193984&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/021.html">"The State and Change in the "Lifetime Employment" in Japan: From the End of War Through 1995"</a>. Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). November 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070613124830/http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/021.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+State+and+Change+in+the+%22Lifetime+Employment%22+in+Japan%3A+From+the+End+of+War+Through+1995&amp;rft.pub=Research+Institute+of+Economy%2C+Trade+and+Industry+%28RIETI%29&amp;rft.date=2004-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rieti.go.jp%2Fen%2Fpapers%2Fresearch-review%2F021.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exbuzzwords.com/static/keyword_3430.html">"Life-time Employment (終身雇用)"</a>. exBuzzWords. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070207031928/http://www.exbuzzwords.com/static/keyword_3430.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-02-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Life-time+Employment+%28%E7%B5%82%E8%BA%AB%E9%9B%87%E7%94%A8%29&amp;rft.pub=exBuzzWords&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exbuzzwords.com%2Fstatic%2Fkeyword_3430.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;firstname=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;lastname=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/special-report/2007/12/01/going-hybrid">"Going hybrid"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200930001908/https://www.economist.com/special-report/2007/12/01/going-hybrid">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-04-14</span></span> &#8211; via The Economist.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Going+hybrid&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fspecial-report%2F2007%2F12%2F01%2Fgoing-hybrid&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9414552">Activist shareholders swarm in Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090202173314/http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9414552">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-02-02 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., The Economist</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/Index/country.cfm?id=Japan">Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081219014629/http://www.heritage.org/Index/country.cfm?id=Japan">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-12-19 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Economic Freedom">Index of Economic Freedom</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/1000850/en/fishtradefacts08b.pdf">"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department FAO. 2007. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-92-5-105568-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-92-5-105568-7">978-92-5-105568-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090220055730/http://www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/1000850/en/fishtradefacts08b.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2006&amp;rft.pub=FAO+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+Department+FAO&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-92-5-105568-7&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fnewsroom%2Fcommon%2Fecg%2F1000850%2Fen%2Ffishtradefacts08b.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20130518071948/ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/a0699e/a0699e.pdf">"Yearbooks of Fishery Statistics: World fisheries production, by capture and aquaculture, by country (2006)"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department FAO. 2006. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/a0699e/a0699e.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2013-05-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Yearbooks+of+Fishery+Statistics%3A+World+fisheries+production%2C+by+capture+and+aquaculture%2C+by+country+%282006%29&amp;rft.pub=Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+Department+FAO&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F009%2Fa0699e%2Fa0699e.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldalmanacbook00kenp"><i>The World Almanac and book of facts 2008</i></a>. World Almanac Books. 2008. hlm.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldalmanacbook00kenp/page/94">94</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-60057-072-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-60057-072-0">1-60057-072-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+World+Almanac+and+book+of+facts+2008&amp;rft.pages=94&amp;rft.pub=World+Almanac+Books&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=1-60057-072-0&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldalmanacbook00kenp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/data/roudou/longtime/03roudou.htm">"Employed person by occupation and sex (労働力調査 長期時系列データ 職業別就業者数)"</a>. Statistics Bureau, Director General for Policy Planning (Statistical Standards) 総務省統計局. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090228162930/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/roudou/longtime/03roudou.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Employed+person+by+occupation+and+sex+%28%E5%8A%B4%E5%83%8D%E5%8A%9B%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB+%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E6%99%82%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF+%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E5%88%A5%E5%B0%B1%E6%A5%AD%E8%80%85%E6%95%B0%29&amp;rft.pub=Statistics+Bureau%2C+Director+General+for+Policy+Planning+%28Statistical+Standards%29+%E7%B7%8F%E5%8B%99%E7%9C%81%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.go.jp%2Fdata%2Froudou%2Flongtime%2F03roudou.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yano_agri0.5-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yano_agri0.5_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaidan Hōjin Yano Tsuneta Kinenkai, 財団法人矢野恒太記念会 (2008). p.134 Tabel 13-6 dan catatan kaki. "Definisi keluarga petani komersial (<i>hambai nōka</i>) adalah keluarga dengan luas tanah lebih dari 3.000 m² atau pendapatan kotor lebih dari \500.000 per tahun; definisi keluarga petani pengusaha (<i>shugyō nōka</i>) adalah keluarga yang berpenghasilan utama dari pertanian, dan memiliki kepala keluarga berumur di bawah 65 tahun yang bekerja di lahan pertanian lebih dari 60 hari per tahun."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yano_agri1-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yano_agri1_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaidan Hōjin Yano Tsuneta Kinenkai 財団法人矢野恒太記念会 (2008) p.136 Tabel 13-8. Report of Survey on Movement of Agriculture Structure.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pada tahun 1990, keluarga petani komersial yang memiliki kepala keluarga berusia di atas 65 tahun mencapai 19,5%. Angka ini bertambah menjadi 32,4% pada tahun 2007. <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maff.go.jp/toukei/geppo/g088a.xls">"Main Indicators Relating to Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (農林水 産業関連主要指標(1)土地と人口 Land and population)"</a>. Kementerian Pertanian, Kehutanan, dan Perikanan Jepang (MAFF)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"<a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>" (2003-07-24). Diakses pada 2007-02-21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (2006-09-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71342.htm">"International Religious Freedom Report 2006"</a>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120123041804/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71342.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-08-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Religious+Juridical+Persons+and+Administration+of+Religious+Affairs%2C+%26%2391%3B%26%2391%3BAgency+for+Cultural+Affairs%26%2393%3B&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bunka.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Fpdf%2Fchapter_10.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shinsen-kokugojiten (新選国語辞典), <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dsuke_Kindaichi" title="Kyōsuke Kindaichi">Kyōsuke Kindaichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shogakukan" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a>, 2001, <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/4095014075" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 4-09-501407-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">言語学大辞典セレクション:日本列島の言語 (<i>Selection from the Encyclopædia of Linguistics: The Languages of the Japanese Archipelago</i>). "琉球列島の言語" (<i>The Languages of the Ryukyu Islands</i>). 三省堂 1997</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/works/culture/japan_story.html">"15 families keep ancient language alive in Japan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080106062419/http://www.un.org/works/culture/japan_story.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=15+families+keep+ancient+language+alive+in+Japan&amp;rft.pub=UN&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fworks%2Fculture%2Fjapan_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lucien Ellington (2005-09-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiana.edu/~japan/digest5.html">"Japan Digest: Japanese Education"</a>. Indiana University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427225148/http://www.indiana.edu/~japan/digest5.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2006-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2006-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Japan+Digest%3A+Japanese+Education&amp;rft.pub=Indiana+University&amp;rft.date=2005-09-01&amp;rft.au=Lucien+Ellington&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~japan%2Fdigest5.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lucien Ellington (2003-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070405075716/http://www.fpri.org/footnotes/087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html">"Beyond the Rhetoric: Essential Questions About Japanese Education"</a>. Foreign Policy Research Institute. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fpri.org/footnotes/087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-04-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Rhetoric%3A+Essential+Questions+About+Japanese+Education&amp;rft.pub=Foreign+Policy+Research+Institute&amp;rft.date=2003-12-01&amp;rft.au=Lucien+Ellington&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fpri.org%2Ffootnotes%2F087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">"East Asia/Southeast Asia&#160;:: Japan—The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"</a>. <i>www.cia.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073556/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.cia.gov&amp;rft.atitle=East+Asia%2FSoutheast+Asia+%3A%3A+Japan%E2%80%94The+World+Factbook+-+Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fja.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080102112620/http://www.mext.go.jp/english/statist/05101901/005.pdf">"School Education"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kementerian_Pendidikan,_Budaya,_Olahraga,_Sains,_dan_Teknologi_(Jepang)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kementerian Pendidikan, Budaya, Olahraga, Sains, dan Teknologi (Jepang) (halaman belum tersedia)">MEXT</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mext.go.jp/english/statist/05101901/005.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/PDF" class="mw-redirect" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> tanggal 2008-01-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=School+Education&amp;rft.pub=MEXT&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mext.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Fstatist%2F05101901%2F005.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kate Rossmanith (2007-02-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usyd.edu.au/news/international/226.html?newsstoryid=1568">"Rethinking Japanese education"</a>. The University of Sydney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090113182728/http://www.usyd.edu.au/news/international/226.html?newsstoryid=1568">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-01-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Rethinking+Japanese+education&amp;rft.pub=The+University+of+Sydney&amp;rft.date=2007-02-05&amp;rft.au=Kate+Rossmanith&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usyd.edu.au%2Fnews%2Finternational%2F226.html%3Fnewsstoryid%3D1568&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/EMP-ranking.html">"The World University Rankings"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5qEQh0ndo?url=http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/EMP-ranking.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2010-06-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-08-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+World+University+Rankings&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mines-paristech.fr%2FActualites%2FPR%2FEMP-ranking.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3343,en_2649_201185_39713238_1_1_1_1,00.html">OECD’s PISA survey shows some countries making significant gains in learning outcomes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091215154705/http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3343,en_2649_201185_39713238_1_1_1_1,00.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-12-15 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>, 04/12/2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/8/39700724.pdf">Range of rank on the PISA 2006 science scale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091229020307/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/8/39700724.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-12-29 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Conrad Totman, 2000. 'A History of Modern Japan. Blackwell Publishers.'</li> <li>C.H. Kwan. 2001. 'Yen Bloc: Toward Economic Integration in Asia.' Brookings Institution Press.</li> <li>Bernson, Mary Hammond and Elaine Magnusson, eds. Modern Japan: An Idea Book for K-12 Teachers. Multicultural Education Resource Serial. Olympia, WA: Office of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1984. ED 252 486.</li> <li>Cogan, John J. and Donald O. Schneider, eds. Perspectives on Japan: A Guide for Teachers. Washington, DC: National Council for the Social Studies, 1983. ED 236 090.</li> <li>East Meets West: Mutual Images. Stanford, CA: California Center for Research in International Studies, l980. ED 196 765.</li> <li>Kaderabeck, Leslie. The Japanese Automobile Worker: A Microcosm of Japan's Success. 1985. ED 263 041.</li> <li>Murphy, Carole. A Step by Step Guide for Planning a Japanese Cultural Festival. 1983. ED 238 748.</li> <li>Wojtan, Linda S. Free Resources for Teaching about Japan. Bloomington, IN: Midwest Program for Teaching about Japan, Indiana University, 1986. ED 270 3891.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22254620">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:solid #aaa 1px}.mw-parser-output .portalbox.tleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalbox.tright{margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul{display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalborder>ul{padding:0.1em;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li>span:first-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li>span:last-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint plainlist portalbox portalborder tright"> <ul> <li><span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jepang" title="Portal:Jepang">Portal Jepang </a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Jepang" title="Hubungan luar negeri Jepang">Hubungan luar negeri Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalender_Jepang" title="Kalender Jepang">Kalender Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Militer_Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Militer Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Militer Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportasi_di_Jepang" title="Transportasi di Jepang">Transportasi di Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_masakan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar masakan Jepang">Daftar masakan Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kata_serapan_dari_bahasa_Jepang_dalam_bahasa_Indonesia" title="Daftar kata serapan dari bahasa Jepang dalam bahasa Indonesia">Daftar kata serapan dari bahasa Jepang dalam bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_wilayah_metropolitan_di_Jepang_menurut_populasi" title="Daftar wilayah metropolitan di Jepang menurut populasi">Daftar wilayah metropolitan di Jepang menurut populasi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jepang&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="border:1px solid #aaa; background-color:#f9f9f9;padding:3px;"> <tbody><tr style="height:25px;"> <td colspan="2" style="margin: auto; text-align: center;padding-bottom:5px;"><b>Cari tahu mengenai Japan pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya:</b> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//id.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wiktionary"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/21px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/31px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="474" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="https://id.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Japan">Definisi dan terjemahan</a> dari Wiktionary<br /> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Japan">Gambar dan media</a> dari Commons<br /> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//id.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wikinews"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="https://id.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Japan">Berita</a> dari Wikinews<br /> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wikibuku"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="https://id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Japan">Buku</a> dari Wikibuku<br /> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dt>Pemerintah</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319120122/http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html">Kantei.go.jp</a>, situs resmi Perdana Menteri Jepang dan Kabinetnya</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/eindex.html">Kunaicho.go.jp</a>,</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/index.html">National Diet Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/index.html">Public Relations Office</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Wisata</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/">Japan National Tourist Organization</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span> Panduan perjalanan <a href="https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/wy/id/Jepang" class="extiw" title="incubator:wy/id/Jepang">Jepang</a> di Wikiwisata</li></ul> <dl><dt>Informasi Umum</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Jepang</a> di <i><a href="/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a></i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/japan.htm">Jepang</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090421051351/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/japan.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-04-21 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. dari <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Asia/Japan">Jepang</a> di Curlie (dari <a href="/wiki/DMOZ" title="DMOZ">DMOZ</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14918801">Jepang</a> dari <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips=JA">Jepang</a> dari US <a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_Information_Administration&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy Information Administration (halaman belum tersedia)">Energy Information Administration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/japan/">Jepang</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=JP">Prakiraan Pengembangan Jepang</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="International Futures (halaman belum tersedia)">International Futures</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Topik_Jepang" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Topik_Jepang" title="Templat:Topik Jepang"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Topik_Jepang" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Topik Jepang"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Topik_Jepang&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topik_Jepang" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topik&#160;<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jepang</a>&#160;</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Jepang" title="Sejarah Jepang">Sejarah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Kronologi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pra sejarah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Paleolitik_Jepang" title="Zaman Paleolitik Jepang">Paleolitik</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sejarah kuno <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Jomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Jomon">Jōmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Yayoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Yayoi">Yayoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Kofun" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Kofun">Kofun</a></li></ul></li> <li>Zaman purba <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Asuka" title="Zaman Asuka">Asuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Nara" title="Zaman Nara">Nara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Heian" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Heian">Heian</a></li></ul></li> <li>Setelah zaman purba <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Kamakura" title="Zaman Kamakura">Kamakura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Muromachi" title="Zaman Muromachi">Muromachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Azuchi-Momoyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman Azuchi-Momoyama">Azuchi–Momoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Edo" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Edo">Edo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sejarah Modern <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakumatsu" title="Bakumatsu">Bakumatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Meiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Meiji">Meiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Taisho" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Taisho">Taishō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Showa" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Showa">Shōwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jepang_pascaperang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jepang pascaperang">Pascaperang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jepang_pascapendudukan" title="Jepang pascapendudukan">Pascapendudukan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periode_Heisei" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Heisei">Heisei</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Menurut topik</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_ekonomi_Jepang" title="Sejarah ekonomi Jepang">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_pendidikan_di_Jepang" title="Sejarah pendidikan di Jepang">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_militer_Jepang" title="Sejarah militer Jepang">Militer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Angkatan_Laut_Jepang" title="Sejarah Angkatan Laut Jepang">Angkatan Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Kekaisaran_Jepang" title="Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran Jepang">Angkatan darat kekaisaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Kekaisaran_Jepang" title="Angkatan Laut Kekaisaran Jepang">Angkatan laut kekaisaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_aksi_militer_luar_negeri_Jepang" title="Daftar aksi militer luar negeri Jepang">Tindakan luar negeri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/100px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/150px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/200px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geografi_Jepang" title="Geografi Jepang">Geografi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_gempa_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar gempa di Jepang">Gempa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masalah_lingkungan_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Masalah lingkungan di Jepang">Lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_titik_ekstrem_di_Jepang" title="Daftar titik ekstrem di Jepang">Titik ekstrem di Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_pulau_di_Jepang" title="Daftar pulau di Jepang">Pulau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_danau_di_Jepang" title="Daftar danau di Jepang">Danau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_sungai_di_Jepang" title="Daftar sungai di Jepang">Sungai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_pengalamatan_Jepang" title="Sistem pengalamatan Jepang">Alamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilayah (Jepang)">Wilayah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefektur_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefektur (Jepang)">Prefektur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_(Jepang)" title="Kota (Jepang)">Kota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distrik_(Jepang)" title="Distrik (Jepang)">Distrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_kecil_(Jepang)" title="Kota kecil (Jepang)">Desa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desa_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Desa (Jepang)">Desa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Jepang" title="Politik Jepang">Politik</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang" title="Konstitusi Jepang">Konstitusi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Meiji" title="Konstitusi Meiji">Pra-perang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemilihan_umum_di_Jepang" title="Pemilihan umum di Jepang">Pemilihan umum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang" title="Kaisar Jepang">Kaisar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Kaisar_Jepang" title="Daftar Kaisar Jepang">daftar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Jepang" title="Hubungan luar negeri Jepang">Hubungan luar negeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembagian_administratif_Jepang" title="Pembagian administratif Jepang">Pembagian administratif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hak_Asasi_Manusia_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Hak Asasi Manusia di Jepang">HAM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hak_LGBT_di_Jepang" title="Hak LGBT di Jepang">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_Peradilan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem Peradilan Jepang">Kehakiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum_Jepang" title="Hukum Jepang">Hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penegakan_hukum_di_Jepang" title="Penegakan hukum di Jepang">Penegakan hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_Nasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Diet Nasional">Diet Nasional</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Rendah_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah Jepang">Majelis rendah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi Jepang">Majelis tinggi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_partai_politik_di_Jepang" title="Daftar partai politik di Jepang">Partai politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasukan_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Pasukan Bela Diri Jepang">Pasukan Bela Diri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang">Darat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang">Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Bela_Diri_Jepang" title="Angkatan Udara Bela Diri Jepang">Udara</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemerintahan Jepang">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabinet_Jepang" title="Kabinet Jepang">Kabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Daftar Perdana Menteri Jepang">daftar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakil_Perdana_Menteri_Jepang" title="Wakil Perdana Menteri Jepang">Wakil Perdana Menteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kementerian_(Jepang)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian (Jepang)">Kementerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebijakan_moneter_dan_fiskal_Jepang" title="Kebijakan moneter dan fiskal Jepang">Kebijakan fiskal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebijakan_luar_negeri_Jepang" title="Kebijakan luar negeri Jepang">Kebijakan luar negeri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_Jepang" title="Ekonomi Jepang">Ekonomi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pertanian,_kehutanan,_dan_perikanan_di_Jepang" title="Pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan di Jepang">Pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pariwisata_di_Jepang" title="Pariwisata di Jepang">Pariwisata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Japan">Bank sentral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peringkat_internasional_Jepang" title="Peringkat internasional Jepang">Peringkat internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasar_tenaga_kerja_Jepang" title="Pasar tenaga kerja Jepang">Tenaga kerja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertambangan_di_Jepang" title="Pertambangan di Jepang">Pertambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufaktur_di_Jepang" title="Manufaktur di Jepang">Manufaktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industri_elektronika_konsumen_Jepang" title="Industri elektronika konsumen Jepang">Elektronika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energi_di_Jepang" title="Energi di Jepang">Energi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenaga_surya_di_Jepang" title="Tenaga surya di Jepang">tenaga surya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telekomunikasi_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Telekomunikasi di Jepang">Telekomunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportasi_di_Jepang" title="Transportasi di Jepang">Transportasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yen_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Yen Jepang">Yen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Masyarakat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kejahatan_di_Jepang" title="Kejahatan di Jepang">Kejahatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demografi_Jepang" title="Demografi Jepang">Demografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendidikan_di_Jepang" title="Pendidikan di Jepang">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etiket_di_Jepang" title="Etiket di Jepang">Etiket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judi_di_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Judi di Jepang">Judi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumahan_di_Jepang" title="Perumahan di Jepang">Perumahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">Bahasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Jepang" title="Agama di Jepang">Agama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seksualitas_di_Jepang" title="Seksualitas di Jepang">Seksualitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merokok_di_Jepang" title="Merokok di Jepang">Merokok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanita_di_Jepang" title="Wanita di Jepang">Wanita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyaria%C5%ABman" title="Kyariaūman">Kyariaūman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Jepang" title="Kebudayaan Jepang">Kebudayaan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estetika_Jepang" title="Estetika Jepang">Estetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a>&#160;/ <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">Manga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsitektur_Jepang" title="Arsitektur Jepang">Arsitektur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Seni Jepang">Seni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonsai" title="Bonsai">Bonsai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinema_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinema Jepang">Sinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masakan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Masakan Jepang">Masakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Jepang" title="Festival Jepang">Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerita_rakyat_Jepang" title="Cerita rakyat Jepang">Cerita rakyat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tradisi_lisan_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Tradisi lisan Jepang">Tradisi lisan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taman_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Taman Jepang">Taman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">Geisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_permainan_tradisional_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar permainan tradisional Jepang">Permainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikebana" title="Ikebana">Ikebana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaii" title="Kawaii">Kawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sastra_Jepang" title="Sastra Jepang">Sastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_bela_diri_Jepang" title="Seni bela diri Jepang">Seni bela diri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Media Jepang">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musik_Jepang" title="Musik Jepang">Musik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Jepang" title="Mitologi Jepang">Mitologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nama_Jepang" title="Nama Jepang">Nama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">Onsen</a>&#160;/ <a href="/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō">Sentō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olahraga_di_Jepang" title="Olahraga di Jepang">Olahraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upacara_minum_teh_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Upacara minum teh Jepang">Upacara minum teh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi_di_Jepang" title="Televisi di Jepang">Televisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teater_Jepang" title="Teater Jepang">Teater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simbol_Nasional_Jepang" title="Simbol Nasional Jepang">Simbol nasional</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalender_Jepang" title="Kalender Jepang">Kalender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendera_Jepang" title="Bendera Jepang">Bendera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambang_Negara_dan_Kekaisaran_Jepang" title="Lambang Negara dan Kekaisaran Jepang">Lambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimigayo" title="Kimigayo">Lagu kebangsaan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/16px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/24px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Portal:Jepang" title="Portal:Jepang">Portal&#32;Jepang</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Symbol_category_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Category"><img alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Jepang" title="Kategori:Jepang">Kategori</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Global_thinking.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Outline"><img alt="Outline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Garis_besar_Jepang" title="Garis besar Jepang">Garis besar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negara_di_Asia_Timur" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Asia_Timur" title="Templat:Asia Timur"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Asia_Timur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Asia Timur (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Asia_Timur&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negara_di_Asia_Timur" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_di_dunia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar negara di dunia">Negara</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Timur" title="Asia Timur">Asia Timur</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok_(istilah)" title="Tiongkok (istilah)">Tiongkok</a> </span> (<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Republik Tiongkok</a>) •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jepang</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korea_Utara" title="Korea Utara">Korea Utara</a></span><br /></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Asia_Timur" title="Asia Timur"><img alt="Asia Timur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/55px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/83px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/110px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Daerah_Administratif_Khusus" class="mw-redirect" title="Daerah Administratif Khusus">Daerah Administratif Khusus</a>: <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Makau" title="Makau">Makau</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negara_di_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Negara_di_Asia" title="Templat:Negara di Asia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Negara_di_Asia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Negara di Asia (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Negara_di_Asia&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negara_di_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_di_Asia" title="Daftar negara di Asia">Negara</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Negara<br />berdaulat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipina" title="Filipina">Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamboja" title="Kamboja">Kamboja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirgizstan" title="Kirgizstan">Kirgizstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Utara" title="Korea Utara">Korea Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maladewa" title="Maladewa">Maladewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste">Timor Leste</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_dengan_pengakuan_terbatas" title="Daftar negara dengan pengakuan terbatas">Negara dengan<br />pengakuan terbatas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Artsakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Artsakh">Republik Artsakh</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetia_Selatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossetia Selatan">Ossetia Selatan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina">Palestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siprus_Utara" title="Siprus Utara">Siprus Utara</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Republik Tiongkok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_dependensi" title="Wilayah dependensi">Dependensi</a> dan<br />wilayah lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)">Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makau" title="Makau">Makau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Natal" title="Pulau Natal">Pulau Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_Samudra_Hindia_Britania" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania">Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Terkadang dimasukkan ke <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a>, tergantung definisi perbatasan. <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Terkadang dimasukkan ke <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a>. <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Negara <a href="/wiki/Lintas_benua" class="mw-redirect" title="Lintas benua">lintas benua</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anggota_Dewan_Keamanan_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Dewan_Keamanan_PBB" title="Templat:Dewan Keamanan PBB"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Dewan_Keamanan_PBB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Dewan Keamanan PBB (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Dewan_Keamanan_PBB&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anggota_Dewan_Keamanan_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Anggota <a href="/wiki/Dewan_Keamanan_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Dewan Keamanan</a> <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_anggota_Dewan_Keamanan_PBB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar anggota Dewan Keamanan PBB">Anggota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Anggota_tetap_Dewan_Keamanan_PBB" class="mw-redirect" title="Anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB">Anggota tetap</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Amerika Serikat"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Britania Raya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tiongkok"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Prancis"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Rusia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemilihan_Dewan_Keamanan_PBB_2014&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemilihan Dewan Keamanan PBB 2014 (halaman belum tersedia)">bertugas 2017 dan 2018</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia">Swedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemilihan_Dewan_Keamanan_PBB_2014&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemilihan Dewan Keamanan PBB 2014 (halaman belum tersedia)">bertugas 2018 dan 2019</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Republik_Dominika" title="Republik Dominika">Republik Dominika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa"><img alt="Bendera Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/113px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Symbol_category_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Category"><img alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Dewan_Keamanan_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Kategori:Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Kategori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&amp;#124;text-top_&amp;#124;10px_&amp;#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17#identifiers&amp;#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&amp;#124;text-top_&amp;#124;10px_&amp;#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17#identifiers&amp;#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4028495-5">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123649740">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/159367111">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/159367111">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90706615">Norwegia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX450954">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152384465">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152384465">(data)</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11934253k">2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11934253k">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11872797r">3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11872797r">(data)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78089021">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00568158">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ge129425&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35242950">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000973886&amp;local_base=nlx10">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="error">The NLK id KSH2000014336 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/149361">Swedia</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lembaga penelitian seni</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/de944dd7-838e-46d0-a342-bc3edeff8a48">KulturNav (Norway)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basis data ilmiah</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA04877014?l=en">CiNii (Jepang)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204082/">Faceted Application of Subject Terminology</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003412">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/MBAREA_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MBAREA (identifier)">MusicBrainz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/2db42837-c832-3c27-b4a3-08198f75693c">area</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035705">National Archives (US)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RERO_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (identifier)">RERO (Swiss)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A000093456">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)">SUDOC (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02648918X">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/japonya">Encyclopedia of Islam</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trove_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trove (identifier)">Trove (Australia)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/879221">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/F5KFVUwG">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐dg26b Cached time: 20241123090539 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.721 seconds Real time usage: 2.198 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 18282/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 436847/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 60955/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 47/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand 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