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Search results for: E. Belen
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Belen"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: E. Belen</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Kinetic Study of Thermal Degradation of a Lignin Nanoparticle-Reinforced Phenolic Foam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juan%20C.%20Dom%C3%ADnguez">Juan C. Dom铆nguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bel%C3%A9n%20Del%20Saz-Orozco"> Bel茅n Del Saz-Orozco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20V.%20Alonso"> Mar铆a V. Alonso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mercedes%20Oliet"> Mercedes Oliet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Francisco%20Rodr%C3%ADguez"> Francisco Rodr铆guez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the kinetics of thermal degradation of a phenolic and lignin reinforced phenolic foams, and the lignin used as reinforcement were studied and the activation energies of their degradation processes were obtained by a DAEM model. The average values for five heating rates of the mean activation energies obtained were: 99.1, 128.2, and 144.0 kJ.mol-1 for the phenolic foam; 109.5, 113.3, and 153.0 kJ.mol-1 for the lignin reinforcement; and 82.1, 106.9, and 124.4 kJ.mol-1 for the lignin reinforced phenolic foam. The standard deviation ranges calculated for each sample were 1.27-8.85, 2.22-12.82, and 3.17-8.11 kJ.mol-1 for the phenolic foam, lignin and the reinforced foam, respectively. The DAEM model showed low mean square errors (<1x10-5), proving that is a suitable model to study the kinetics of thermal degradation of the foams and the reinforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kinetics" title="Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lignin" title=" lignin"> lignin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phenolic%20foam" title=" phenolic foam"> phenolic foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20degradation." title=" thermal degradation. "> thermal degradation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/kinetic-study-of-thermal-degradation-of-a-lignin-nanoparticle-reinforced-phenolic-foam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1923</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Biaxial Testing of Fabrics - A Comparison of Various Testing Methodologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=O.B.%20Ozipek">O.B. Ozipek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Bozdag"> E. Bozdag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Sunbuloglu"> E. Sunbuloglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Abdullahoglu"> A. Abdullahoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Belen"> E. Belen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Celikkanat"> E. Celikkanat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In textile industry, besides the conventional textile products, technical textile goods, that have been brought external functional properties into, are being developed for technical textile industry. Especially these products produced with weaving technology are widely preferred in areas such as sports, geology, medical, automotive, construction and marine sectors. These textile products are exposed to various stresses and large deformations under typical conditions of use. At this point, sufficient and reliable data could not be obtained with uniaxial tensile tests for determination of the mechanical properties of such products due to mainly biaxial stress state. Therefore, the most preferred method is a biaxial tensile test method and analysis. These tests and analysis is applied to fabrics with different functional features in order to establish the textile material with several characteristics and mechanical properties of the product. Planar biaxial tensile test, cylindrical inflation and bulge tests are generally required to apply for textile products that are used in automotive, sailing and sports areas and construction industry to minimize accidents as long as their service life. Airbags, seat belts and car tires in the automotive sector are also subject to the same biaxial stress states, and can be characterized by same types of experiments. In this study, in accordance with the research literature related to the various biaxial test methods are compared. Results with discussions are elaborated mainly focusing on the design of a biaxial test apparatus to obtain applicable experimental data for developing a finite element model. Sample experimental results on a prototype system are expressed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biaxial%20Stress" title="Biaxial Stress">Biaxial Stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bulge%20Test" title=" Bulge Test"> Bulge Test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cylindrical%20Inflation" title=" Cylindrical Inflation"> Cylindrical Inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fabric%20Testing" title=" Fabric Testing"> Fabric Testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Planar%20Tension." title=" Planar Tension."> Planar Tension.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/biaxial-testing-of-fabrics-a-comparison-of-various-testing-methodologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Influence of Dynamic Loads in the Structural Integrity of Underground Rooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Inmaculada%20Alvarez-Fern%C3%A1ndez">M. Inmaculada Alvarez-Fern谩ndez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Celestino%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Nicieza"> Celestino Gonz谩lez-Nicieza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bel%C3%A9n%20Prendes-Gero"> M. Bel茅n Prendes-Gero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fernando%20L%C3%B3pez-Gayarre"> Fernando L贸pez-Gayarre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Among many factors affecting the stability of mining excavations, rock-bursts and tremors play a special role. These dynamic loads occur practically always and have different sources of generation. The most important of them is the commonly used mining technique, which disintegrates a certain area of the rock mass not only in the area of the planned mining, but also creates waves that significantly exceed this area affecting the structural elements. In this work it is analysed the consequences of dynamic loads over the structural elements in an underground room and pillar mine to avoid roof instabilities. With this end, dynamic loads were evaluated through in situ and laboratory tests and simulated with numerical modelling. Initially, the geotechnical characterization of all materials was carried out by mean of large-scale tests. Then, drill holes were done on the roof of the mine and were monitored to determine possible discontinuities in it. Three seismic stations and a triaxial accelerometer were employed to measure the vibrations from blasting tests, establish the dynamic behaviour of roof and pillars and develop the transmission laws. At last, computer simulations by FLAC3D software were done to check the effect of vibrations on the stability of the roofs. The study shows that in-situ tests have a greater reliability than laboratory samples because of eliminating the effect of heterogeneities, that the pillars work decreasing the amplitude of the vibration around them, and that the tensile strength of a beam and depending on its span is overcome with waves in phase and delayed. The obtained transmission law allows designing a blasting which guarantees safety and prevents the risk of future failures.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20modelling" title="Dynamic modelling">Dynamic modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=long%20term%20instability%20risks" title=" long term instability risks"> long term instability risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=room%20and%20pillar" title=" room and pillar"> room and pillar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic%20collapse." title=" seismic collapse."> seismic collapse.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/influence-of-dynamic-loads-in-the-structural-integrity-of-underground-rooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Modelling for Roof Failure Analysis in an Underground Cave</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bel%C3%A9n%20Prendes-Gero">M. Bel茅n Prendes-Gero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Celestino%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Nicieza"> Celestino Gonz谩lez-Nicieza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Inmaculada%20Alvarez-Fern%C3%A1ndez"> M. Inmaculada Alvarez-Fern谩ndez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Roof collapse is one of the problems with a higher frequency in most of the mines of all countries, even now. There are many reasons that may cause the roof to collapse, namely the mine stress activities in the mining process, the lack of vigilance and carelessness or the complexity of the geological structure and irregular operations. This work is the result of the analysis of one accident produced in the “Mary” coal exploitation located in northern Spain. In this accident, the roof of a crossroad of excavated galleries to exploit the “Morena” Layer, 700 m deep, collapsed. In the paper, the work done by the forensic team to determine the causes of the incident, its conclusions and recommendations are collected. Initially, the available documentation (geology, geotechnics, mining, etc.) and accident area were reviewed. After that, laboratory and on-site tests were carried out to characterize the behaviour of the rock materials and the support used (metal frames and shotcrete). With this information, different hypotheses of failure were simulated to find the one that best fits reality. For this work, the software of finite differences in three dimensions, FLAC 3D, was employed. The results of the study confirmed that the detachment was originated as a consequence of one sliding in the layer wall, due to the large roof span present in the place of the accident, and probably triggered as a consequence of the existence of a protection pillar insufficient. The results allowed to establish some corrective measures avoiding future risks. For example, the dimensions of the protection zones that must be remained unexploited and their interaction with the crossing areas between galleries, or the use of more adequate supports for these conditions, in which the significant deformations may discourage the use of rigid supports such as shotcrete. At last, a grid of seismic control was proposed as a predictive system. Its efficiency was tested along the investigation period employing three control equipment that detected new incidents (although smaller) in other similar areas of the mine. These new incidents show that the use of explosives produces vibrations which are a new risk factor to analyse in a next future.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Forensic%20analysis" title="Forensic analysis">Forensic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hypothesis%20modelling" title=" hypothesis modelling"> hypothesis modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=roof%20failure" title=" roof failure"> roof failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic%20monitoring." title=" seismic monitoring. "> seismic monitoring. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/modelling-for-roof-failure-analysis-in-an-underground-cave" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011504/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a 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