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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Jury specially qualified to evaluate capital cases under American law</div> <p>A <b>death-qualified jury</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Jury" title="Jury">jury</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal law</a> case in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in which the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a> is a prospective <a href="/wiki/Sentence_(law)" title="Sentence (law)">sentence</a>. Such a jury will be composed of jurors who: </p> <ol><li>Are not categorically opposed to the imposition of <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">capital punishment</a>;</li> <li>Are not of the belief that the death penalty must be imposed in all instances of capital murder—that is, they would consider life imprisonment as a possible penalty.</li></ol> <p>The creation of such a jury requires the striking during <i><a href="/wiki/Voir_dire" title="Voir dire">voir dire</a></i> of jurors who express opposition to the death penalty such that they are unable or unwilling to set aside personal, moral, or emotional objections toward the supporting of a death sentence, and is designed to produce a <i>fair and impartial</i> jury of which the members will fairly consider all options, including the death penalty and <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a>. </p><p>Expressing opposition to the death penalty does not automatically disqualify a juror. A party may attempt to rehabilitate the juror by asking questions as to whether, personal convictions notwithstanding, they might consider the death penalty. A juror who expresses exorbitant support for the death penalty who would thus otherwise be struck may be rehabilitated should they state a willingness to consider life imprisonment. </p><p>The use of a death-qualified jury was found to be consistent with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>, most especially with the <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Sixth Amendment</a> thereto, by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Witherspoon_v._Illinois" title="Witherspoon v. Illinois">Witherspoon v. Illinois</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in <i>Lockhart v. McCree</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> neither decision, though, mandated the use of death-qualified juries as against those containing jurors categorically unwilling to impose a penalty of death. It is in view of the <i>Witherspoon</i> decision that the process of one's death-qualifying a jury is, in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, referred to <a href="/wiki/Colloquial" class="mw-redirect" title="Colloquial">colloquially</a> as <i>Witherspooning a jury</i>. </p><p>A poll commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/Death_Penalty_Information_Center" title="Death Penalty Information Center">Death Penalty Information Center</a> on June 9, 2007, showed 57% of Americans believed they would qualify to be jurors in capital cases.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bias">Bias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Death-qualified_jury&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bias imposed by the rule goes beyond the application of the death penalty itself. Several studies have found that death-qualified juries are made up of fewer women and <a href="/wiki/Minorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Minorities">minorities</a>. Death-qualified juries are often criticized because they have a similar effect as excluding jurors based on <a href="/wiki/Race_(classification_of_human_beings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (classification of human beings)">race</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gender" title="Gender">gender</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which intentional exclusion, in <i><a href="/wiki/Batson_v._Kentucky" title="Batson v. Kentucky">Batson v. Kentucky</a></i> in 1986, was held as inconsistent with the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Protection_Clause" title="Equal Protection Clause">Equal Protection Clause</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fourteenth Amendment</a>. </p><p>Empirical evidence adduced in <i>Lockhart</i> also has shown that death-qualified juries are more likely than other jurors to <a href="/wiki/Conviction" title="Conviction">convict</a> a defendant.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That is, death-qualified jurors are more likely than non-death-qualified jurors to vote for conviction when assessing the same sets of facts. It is argued that since death-qualified juries overrepresent these groups there is a propensity to render guilty verdicts even on counts in which the death penalty is not considered. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Death-qualified_jury&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Witherspoon v. Illinois</i>, 391 U.S. 510 (<a href="/wiki/Category:1968_in_law" title="Category:1968 in law">1968</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Lockhart v. McCree</i>, 476 U.S. 162 (<a href="/wiki/Category:1986_in_law" title="Category:1986 in law">1986</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDieter2007" class="citation web cs1">Dieter, Richard C. (2007-06-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://files.deathpenaltyinfo.org/legacy/files/pdf/CoC.pdf">"A Crisis of Confidence: Americans' Doubts About the Death Penalty"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Death_Penalty_Information_Center" title="Death Penalty Information Center">Death Penalty Information Center</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129174436/https://files.deathpenaltyinfo.org/legacy/files/pdf/CoC.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-11-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Death+Penalty+Information+Center&rft.atitle=A+Crisis+of+Confidence%3A+Americans%27+Doubts+About+the+Death+Penalty&rft.date=2007-06-09&rft.aulast=Dieter&rft.aufirst=Richard+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.deathpenaltyinfo.org%2Flegacy%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2FCoC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeath-qualified+jury" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalgado2005" class="citation news cs1">Salgado, Richard (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924062348/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3736/is_200501/ai_n15353302/pg_9">"Tribunals Organized To Convict: Searching for a Lesser Evil in the Capital Juror Death-Qualification Process in United States v. Green"</a>. <i>Brigham Young University Law Review</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3736/is_200501/ai_n15353302/pg_9">the original</a> on 2015-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brigham+Young+University+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Tribunals+Organized+To+Convict%3A+Searching+for+a+Lesser+Evil+in+the+Capital+Juror+Death-Qualification+Process+in+United+States+v.+Green&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Salgado&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.findarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_qa3736%2Fis_200501%2Fai_n15353302%2Fpg_9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeath-qualified+jury" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuel_Gross1996" class="citation cs2">Samuel Gross (1996), <i>The Risks of Death: Why Erroneous Convictions Are Common in Capital Cases</i>, 44 Buffalo L. Rev. 469, 494</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Risks+of+Death%3A+Why+Erroneous+Convictions+Are+Common+in+Capital+Cases&rft.pub=44+Buffalo+L.+Rev.+469%2C+494&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Samuel+Gross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeath-qualified+jury" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Summary_jury_trial" title="Summary jury trial">Summary jury trial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jury_selection" title="Jury selection">Jury selection</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Change_of_venue" title="Change of venue">Change of venue</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Death-qualified jury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jury_questionnaire" title="Jury questionnaire">Jury questionnaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremptory_challenge" title="Peremptory challenge">Peremptory challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_discrimination_in_jury_selection" title="Racial discrimination in jury selection">Racial discrimination in jury selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_for_cause" title="Strike for cause">Strike for cause</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Lay_judges_in_Japan" title="Lay judges in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_by_jury_in_Scotland" title="Trial by jury in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_judges_in_Taiwan" title="Lay judges in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juries_in_the_United_States" title="Juries in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_jury" title="United States military jury">U.S. military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jury_selection_in_the_United_States" title="Jury selection in the United States">Jury selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jury_nullification_in_the_United_States" title="Jury nullification in the United States">Nullification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_United_States_juries" title="Women in United States juries">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fully_Informed_Jury_Association" title="Fully Informed Jury Association">Fully Informed Jury Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CapPun-US" title="Template:CapPun-US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CapPun-US" title="Template talk:CapPun-US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CapPun-US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CapPun-US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jurisdictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_the_United_States_federal_government" title="Capital punishment by the United States federal government">Federal government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_the_United_States_military" title="Capital punishment by the United States military">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Alabama" title="Capital punishment in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Alaska" title="Capital punishment in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Arizona" title="Capital punishment in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Arkansas" title="Capital punishment in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_California" title="Capital punishment in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Colorado" title="Capital punishment in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Connecticut" title="Capital punishment in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Delaware" title="Capital punishment in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Florida" title="Capital punishment in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Capital punishment in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Hawaii" title="Capital punishment in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Idaho" title="Capital punishment in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Illinois" title="Capital punishment in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Indiana" title="Capital punishment in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iowa" title="Capital punishment in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Kansas" title="Capital punishment in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Kentucky" title="Capital punishment in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Louisiana" title="Capital punishment in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Maine" title="Capital punishment in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Maryland" title="Capital punishment in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Massachusetts" title="Capital punishment in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Michigan" title="Capital punishment in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Minnesota" title="Capital punishment in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Mississippi" title="Capital punishment in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Missouri" title="Capital punishment in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Montana" title="Capital punishment in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Nebraska" title="Capital punishment in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Nevada" title="Capital punishment in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Hampshire" title="Capital punishment in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Jersey" title="Capital punishment in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_Mexico" title="Capital punishment in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_New_York_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital punishment in New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_North_Carolina" title="Capital punishment in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_North_Dakota" title="Capital punishment in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Ohio" title="Capital punishment in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Oklahoma" title="Capital punishment in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Oregon" title="Capital punishment in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Pennsylvania" title="Capital punishment in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Rhode_Island" title="Capital punishment in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_South_Carolina" title="Capital punishment in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_South_Dakota" title="Capital punishment in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Tennessee" title="Capital punishment in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Texas" title="Capital punishment in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Utah" title="Capital punishment in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Vermont" title="Capital punishment in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Virginia" title="Capital punishment in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Washington_(state)" title="Capital punishment in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_West_Virginia" title="Capital punishment in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Wisconsin" title="Capital punishment in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Wyoming" title="Capital punishment in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_American_Samoa" title="Capital punishment in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Guam" title="Capital punishment in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Capital punishment in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Capital punishment in the District of Columbia">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of people executed in the United States">Lists of<br />people<br />executed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_by_the_United_States_federal_government" title="List of people executed by the United States federal government">Federal government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_by_the_United_States_military" title="List of people executed by the United States military">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Alabama" title="List of people executed in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Arizona" title="List of people executed in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Arkansas" title="List of people executed in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_California" title="List of people executed in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Colorado#Notable_executions" title="Capital punishment in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Connecticut" title="List of people executed in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Delaware" title="List of people executed in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Florida" title="List of people executed in Florida">Florida</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Florida_(pre-1972)" title="List of people executed in Florida (pre-1972)">pre-1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="List of people executed in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Idaho" title="List of people executed in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Illinois" title="List of people executed in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Indiana" title="List of people executed in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Iowa" title="List of people executed in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Kansas" title="List of people executed in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Kentucky" title="List of people executed in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Louisiana" title="List of people executed in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Maryland" title="List of people executed in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Massachusetts" title="List of people executed in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Michigan" title="List of people executed in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Mississippi" title="List of people executed in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Missouri" title="List of people executed in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Montana" title="List of people executed in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Nebraska" title="List of people executed in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Nevada" title="List of people executed in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_New_Hampshire" title="List of people executed in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_New_Jersey" title="List of people executed in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_New_Mexico" title="List of people executed in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_New_York" title="List of people executed in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_North_Carolina" title="List of people executed in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_North_Dakota" title="List of people executed in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Ohio" title="List of people executed in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Oklahoma" title="List of people executed in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Oklahoma_(pre-1972)" title="List of people executed in Oklahoma (pre-1972)">pre-1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Oregon#Executions_since_1978" title="Capital punishment in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Pennsylvania" title="List of people executed in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Rhode_Island" title="List of people executed in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_South_Carolina" title="List of people executed in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_South_Dakota" title="List of people executed in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Tennessee" title="List of people executed in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_executed_in_Texas" title="Lists of people executed in Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Texas,_2020%E2%80%93present" title="List of people executed in Texas, 2020–present">2020–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Utah" title="List of people executed in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Vermont" title="List of people executed in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Virginia" title="List of people executed in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Washington" title="List of people executed in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_West_Virginia" title="List of people executed in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Wyoming" title="List of people executed in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_by_the_District_of_Columbia" title="List of people executed by the District of Columbia">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States#By_year" title="Lists of people executed in the United States">By year</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2000" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2001" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2001">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2002" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2002">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2003" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2003">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2004" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2004">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2005" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2005">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2006" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2006">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2007" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2007">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2008" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2008">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2009" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2009">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2010" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2010">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2011" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2011">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2012" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2012">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2013" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2013">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2014" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2015" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2015">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2016" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2016">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2017" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2017">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2018" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2018">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2019" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2019">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2020" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2020">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2021" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2021">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2022" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2022">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2023" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2023">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_United_States_in_2024" title="List of people executed in the United States in 2024">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_scheduled_to_be_executed_in_the_United_States" title="List of people scheduled to be executed in the United States">Scheduled executions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues and ethics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_botched_executions" title="List of botched executions">Botched executions</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Death-qualified jury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_debate_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment debate in the United States">Debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Jeopardy_Clause#Dual_sovereignty_doctrine" title="Double Jeopardy Clause">Dual sovereignty doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethal_injection#Complications_of_executions_and_cessation_of_supply_of_lethal_injection_drugs" title="Lethal injection">Execution drug shortage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exonerated_death_row_inmates#United_States" title="List of exonerated death row inmates">Exonerations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_for_juveniles_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment for juveniles in the United States">Juveniles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_meal" title="Last meal">Last meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participation_of_medical_professionals_in_American_executions" title="Participation of medical professionals in American executions">Participation of medical professionals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Race and capital punishment in the United States">Race and capital punishment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_white_defendants_executed_for_killing_a_black_victim" title="List of white defendants executed for killing a black victim">White defendants executed for killing a black victim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrongful_execution#United_States" title="Wrongful execution">Wrongful executions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_death_row_inmates_in_the_United_States" title="List of death row inmates in the United States">Death row inmates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_Penalty_Information_Center" title="Death Penalty Information Center">Death Penalty Information Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_recent_executions_by_jurisdiction#United_States" title="List of most recent executions by jurisdiction">Most recent executions by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_to_Abolish_the_Death_Penalty" title="National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty">National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_decisions_on_capital_punishment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Supreme Court decisions on capital punishment">Supreme Court decisions on capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_executed_in_the_United_States_since_1976" title="List of women executed in the United States since 1976">Women executed since 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_on_death_row_in_the_United_States" title="List of women on death row in the United States">Women on death row</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Death" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Death" title="Template:Death"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Death" title="Template talk:Death"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Death" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Death"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Death" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">Death</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In medicine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cell_death" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cell_death" title="Cell death">Cell death</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necrosis" title="Necrosis">Necrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avascular_necrosis" title="Avascular necrosis">Avascular necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coagulative_necrosis" title="Coagulative necrosis">Coagulative necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquefactive_necrosis" title="Liquefactive necrosis">Liquefactive necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangrene" title="Gangrene">Gangrenous necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caseous_necrosis" title="Caseous necrosis">Caseous necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_necrosis" title="Fat necrosis">Fat necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibrinoid_necrosis" title="Fibrinoid necrosis">Fibrinoid necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe_necrosis" title="Temporal lobe necrosis">Temporal lobe necrosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmed_cell_death" title="Programmed cell death">Programmed cell death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activation-induced_cell_death" title="Activation-induced cell death">AICD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anoikis" title="Anoikis">Anoikis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autophagy" title="Autophagy">Autophagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intrinsic_apoptosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Intrinsic apoptosis">Intrinsic apoptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necroptosis" title="Necroptosis">Necroptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraptosis" title="Paraptosis">Paraptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthanatos" title="Parthanatos">Parthanatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenoptosis" title="Phenoptosis">Phenoptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoapoptosis" title="Pseudoapoptosis">Pseudoapoptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyroptosis" title="Pyroptosis">Pyroptosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolysis_(biology)" title="Autolysis (biology)">Autolysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoschizis" title="Autoschizis">Autoschizis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eschar" title="Eschar">Eschar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immunogenic_cell_death" title="Immunogenic cell death">Immunogenic cell death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ischemic_cell_death" title="Ischemic cell death">Ischemic cell death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyknosis" title="Pyknosis">Pyknosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karyorrhexis" title="Karyorrhexis">Karyorrhexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karyolysis" title="Karyolysis">Karyolysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitotic_catastrophe" title="Mitotic catastrophe">Mitotic catastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_gene" title="Suicide gene">Suicide gene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accidental_death" title="Accidental death">Accidental death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autopsy" title="Autopsy">Autopsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brain_death" title="Brain death">Brain death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brainstem_death" title="Brainstem death">Brainstem death</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_death" title="Clinical death">Clinical death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_on_arrival" title="Dead on arrival">DOA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manner_of_death" title="Manner of death">Death by natural causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_rattle" title="Death rattle">Death rattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysthanasia" title="Dysthanasia">Dysthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End-of-life_care" title="End-of-life care">End-of-life care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">Euthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_sign" title="Lazarus sign">Lazarus sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_syndrome" title="Lazarus syndrome">Lazarus syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_death#Medical_declaration" title="Legal death">Medical declaration of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_donation" title="Organ donation">Organ donation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_illness" title="Terminal illness">Terminal illness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manner_of_death" title="Manner of death">Unnatural death</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Death-related_lists" title="Category:Death-related lists">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_causes_of_death_by_rate" title="List of causes of death by rate">Causes of death by rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_deaths_by_year" title="Lists of deaths by year">Notable deaths by year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_expressions_related_to_death" class="mw-redirect" title="List of expressions related to death">Expressions related to death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_by_death_toll" title="List of natural disasters by death toll">Natural disasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_by_cause_of_death" title="Lists of people by cause of death">People by cause of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_premature_obituaries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of premature obituaries">Premature obituaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preventable_causes_of_death" title="Preventable causes of death">Preventable causes of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unusual_deaths" class="mw-redirect" title="List of unusual deaths">Unusual deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ways_people_dishonor_the_dead" title="List of ways people dishonor the dead">List of ways people dishonor the dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ways_people_honor_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ways people honor the dead">List of ways people honor the dead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mortality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthday_effect" title="Birthday effect">Birthday effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_mortality" title="Child mortality">Child mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excess_mortality" title="Excess mortality">Excess mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gompertz%E2%80%93Makeham_law_of_mortality" title="Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality">Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">Infant mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoshi" title="Karoshi">Karoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maternal_death" title="Maternal death">Maternal death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maternal_mortality_in_fiction" title="Maternal mortality in fiction">Maternal mortality in fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Memento_mori" title="Memento mori">Memento mori</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromort" title="Micromort">Micromort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">Mortality rate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Risk_adjusted_mortality_rate" title="Risk adjusted mortality rate">RAMR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortality_salience" title="Mortality salience">Mortality salience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinatal_mortality" title="Perinatal mortality">Perinatal mortality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After death</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Cadaver" title="Cadaver">Body</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pallor_mortis" title="Pallor mortis">Pallor mortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livor_mortis" title="Livor mortis">Livor mortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algor_mortis" title="Algor mortis">Algor mortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigor_mortis" title="Rigor mortis">Rigor mortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrefaction" title="Putrefaction">Putrefaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decomposition" title="Decomposition">Decomposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeletonization" title="Skeletonization">Skeletonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">Fossilization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cryopreservation" title="Cryopreservation">Cryopreservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cryonics" title="Cryonics">Cryonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuropreservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuropreservation">Neuropreservation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embalming" title="Embalming">Embalming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maceration_(bone)" title="Maceration (bone)">Maceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastination" title="Plastination">Plastination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosection" title="Prosection">Prosection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">Taxidermy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disposal_of_human_corpses" title="Disposal of human corpses">Disposal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burial" title="Burial">Burial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_burial" title="Natural burial">Natural burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_burial" title="Sky burial">Sky burial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremation" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismemberment" title="Dismemberment">Dismemberment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excarnation" title="Excarnation">Excarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promession" title="Promession">Promession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkaline_hydrolysis_(body_disposal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkaline hydrolysis (body disposal)">Resomation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beating_heart_cadaver" title="Beating heart cadaver">Beating heart cadaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_donation" title="Body donation">Body donation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadaveric_spasm" title="Cadaveric spasm">Cadaveric spasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffin_birth" title="Coffin birth">Coffin birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_erection" title="Death erection">Death erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissection" title="Dissection">Dissection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibbeting" title="Gibbeting">Gibbeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmortem_caloricity" title="Postmortem caloricity">Postmortem caloricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-mortem_interval" title="Post-mortem interval">Post-mortem interval</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><b>Other aspects</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrion" title="Carrion">Carrion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemetery" title="Cemetery">Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consciousness_after_death" class="mw-redirect" title="Consciousness after death">Consciousness after death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">Afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukdam" title="Tukdam">Tukdam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Death_customs" title="Category:Death customs">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crematorium" title="Crematorium">Crematorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desecration_of_graves" class="mw-redirect" title="Desecration of graves">Desecration of graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eternal_oblivion" title="Eternal oblivion">Eternal oblivion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_examiner" title="Medical examiner">Examination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral" title="Funeral">Funeral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grief" title="Grief">Grief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_the_Internet" title="Death and the Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_midwife" title="Death midwife">Midwife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning" title="Mourning">Mourning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Online_mourning" title="Online mourning">Online mourning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obituary" title="Obituary">Obituary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palingenesis" title="Palingenesis">Palingenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underworld" title="Underworld">Underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigil" title="Vigil">Vigil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paranormal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghost" title="Ghost">Ghosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-death_experience" title="Near-death experience">Near-death experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-death_studies" title="Near-death studies">Near-death studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-body_experience" title="Out-of-body experience">Out-of-body experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reincarnation_research" title="Template:Reincarnation research">Reincarnation research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9ance" title="Séance">Séance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_(probate_law)" title="Administration (probate law)">Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cause_of_death" title="Cause of death">Cause of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_death" title="Civil death">Civil death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coroner" title="Coroner">Coroner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Death-qualified jury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_certificate" title="Death certificate">Death certificate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presumption_of_death" title="Presumption of death">Declared death <i>in absentia</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_row" title="Death row">Death row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying_declaration" title="Dying declaration">Dying declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquest" title="Inquest">Inquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_death" title="Legal death">Legal death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">Murder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necropolitics" title="Necropolitics">Necropolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_of_dying" title="Prohibition of dying">Prohibition of dying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_die" title="Right to die">Right to die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspicious_death" title="Suspicious death">Suspicious death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_(law)" title="Trust (law)">Trust law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_and_testament" title="Will and testament">Will</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Death_tech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Death tech (page does not exist)">Death tech</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Tech" class="extiw" title="pt:Death Tech">pt</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_pathology" title="Forensic pathology">Forensic pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_director" title="Funeral director">Funeral director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortuary_science" title="Mortuary science">Mortuary science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_death" title="Cell death">Necrobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-mortem_chemistry" title="Post-mortem chemistry">Post-mortem chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-mortem_photography" title="Post-mortem photography">Post-mortem photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taphonomy" title="Taphonomy">Taphonomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biostratinomy" title="Biostratinomy">Biostratinomy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatology" title="Thanatology">Thanatology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apparent_death" title="Apparent death">Apparent death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_burial_money" title="Chinese burial money">Chinese burial money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coins_for_the_dead" title="Coins for the dead">Coins for the dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_tourism" title="Dark tourism">Dark tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Awards" title="Darwin Awards">Darwin Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_culture" title="Death and culture">Death and culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_anniversary" title="Death anniversary">Death anniversary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_anxiety" title="Death anxiety">Death anxiety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_death_deities" title="List of death deities">Death deity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Personification of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying-and-rising_deity" class="mw-redirect" title="Dying-and-rising deity">Dying-and-rising god</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">Death camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_drive" title="Death drive">Death drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_education" title="Death education">Death education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_from_laughter" title="Death from laughter">Death from laughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_hoax" title="Death hoax">Death hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_knell" title="Death knell">Death knell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_march" title="Death march">Death march</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_messenger" title="Death messenger">Death messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_notification" title="Death notification">Death notification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_panel" title="Death panel">Death panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_poem" title="Death poem">Death poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthotonic_death_pose" title="Opisthotonic death pose">Death pose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death-positive_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Death-positive movement">Death-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_squad" title="Death squad">Death squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_threat" title="Death threat">Death threat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_trajectory" title="Death trajectory">Death trajectory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignified_death" title="Dignified death">Dignified death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">Extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_of_the_Dead" title="Festival of the Dead">Festival of the Dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascination_with_death" title="Fascination with death">Fascination with death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_death" title="Hierarchy of death">Hierarchy of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homicide" title="Homicide">Homicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immortality" title="Immortality">Immortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_rites" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longevity" title="Longevity">Longevity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Death" title="Museum of Death">Museum of Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necronym" title="Necronym">Necronym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">Necrophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrophobia" title="Necrophobia">Necrophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_death" title="Philosophy of death">Philosophy of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predation" title="Predation">Predation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">Suicide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisted_suicide" title="Assisted suicide">Assisted suicide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thanabot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thanabot (page does not exist)">Thanabot</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grief_bot" class="extiw" title="ca:Grief bot">ca</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatosensitivity" title="Thanatosensitivity">Thanatosensitivity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Death" title="Category:Death">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_death" title="Outline of death">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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