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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Pfleiderer" title="Otto Pfleiderer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Otto Pfleiderer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Pfleiderer" title="Otto Pfleiderer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Otto Pfleiderer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Pfleiderer" title="Otto Pfleiderer – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Otto Pfleiderer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Pfleiderer" title="Otto Pfleiderer – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Otto Pfleiderer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%BE%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="اوتو پفليديرير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوتو پفليديرير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Пфлейдерер, Отто – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пфлейдерер, Отто" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg/220px-Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg/330px-Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg/440px-Otto-Pfleiderer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Otto Pfleiderer</div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Otto Pfleiderer</b> (1 September 1839 – 18 July 1908) was a German <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theologian</a>. Through his writings and his lectures, he became known as one of the most influential representatives of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">liberal theology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilmanPeckColby1905677_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilmanPeckColby1905677-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Pfleiderer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pfleiderer was born at <a href="/wiki/Stetten_im_Remstal" class="mw-redirect" title="Stetten im Remstal">Stetten im Remstal</a> (now a part of <a href="/wiki/Kernen" title="Kernen">Kernen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a>. From 1857 to 1861 he studied at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">University of Tübingen</a> under <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Christian_Baur" title="Ferdinand Christian Baur">Ferdinand Christian Baur</a>, and afterwards in England and <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. He then entered the ministry, became tutor (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Repetent</i>) at Tübingen, and for a short time held a pastorate at <a href="/wiki/Heilbronn" title="Heilbronn">Heilbronn</a> (1868). In 1870 he became chief pastor and superintendent at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Jena" title="University of Jena">University of Jena</a> and soon afterwards professor ordinarius of theology, but in 1875 he was called to the chair of <a href="/wiki/Systematic_theology" title="Systematic theology">systematic theology</a> at <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, having made his name by a series of articles on <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> criticism and Johannine and Pauline theology, which appeared in <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hilgenfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolf Hilgenfeld">Adolf Hilgenfeld</a>'s <i>Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Theologie</i>, and by his <i>Der Paulinismus</i>, published in 1873. <i>Das Urchristentum, seine Schriften und Lehren, in geschichtlichen Zusammenhang beschrieben</i> was published in 1878 and considerably enlarged for a second edition in 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1890 appeared <i>The Development of Theology since Kant, and its Progress in Great Britain since 1825</i>, which was written for publication in England. A more elaborate work was his <i>Religionsphilosophie auf geschichtlichen Grundlage</i> (1878). "The Influence of the Apostle Paul on the Development of Christianity" was the title of a course of <a href="/wiki/Hibbert_Lectures" title="Hibbert Lectures">Hibbert Lectures</a> given in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1885. In 1894 he delivered the <a href="/wiki/Gifford_Lectures" title="Gifford Lectures">Gifford Lectures</a> at <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, the subject being "The Philosophy and Development of Religion".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His later publications included: </p> <ul><li><i>The Early Christian Conception of Christ</i> (1905)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Die Entstehung des Christentums</i> (1905)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Religion und Religionen</i> (1906)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Die Entwicklung des Christentums</i> (1907).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>He died at <a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9F-Lichterfelde" class="mw-redirect" title="Groß-Lichterfelde">Groß-Lichterfelde</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9F-Lichterfelde" class="extiw" title="de:Groß-Lichterfelde">de</a>]</span>, near Berlin. In New Testament criticism, Pfleiderer belonged to the critical school, which grew out of the impulse given by F. C. Baur. However, like other modern German theologians, he showed a greater disposition to compromise. All his work shows a judicial tone of mind, and is remarkable for the charm of its style.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pfleiderer's younger brother <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Pfleiderer" title="Edmund Pfleiderer">Edmund Pfleiderer</a> distinguished himself both in philosophy and theology. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg/220px-Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg/330px-Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Otto_Pfleiderer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="566" /></a><figcaption>Otto Pfleiderer in 1906, as published in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larousse_Mensuel_Illustr%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Larousse Mensuel Illustré (page does not exist)">Larousse Mensuel Illustré</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larousse_Mensuel_Illustr%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="fr:Larousse Mensuel Illustré">fr</a>]</span></i></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Pfleiderer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/a603765000pfleuoft/"><i>The Development of Theology since Kant</i></a> – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lecturesoninflue00pflerich/"><i>Lectures on the influence of the apostle Paul on the development of Christianity</i></a>, delivered in London and Oxford in April and May, 1885 – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><i>Paulinism; a contribution to the history of primitive Christian theology</i>, 1877, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/paulinismcontrib01pfleiala/">Vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/paulinismcontrib02pfleiala/">Vol. 2</a> – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><i>The Philosophy of Religion: On the Basis of Its History</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyrelig07pflegoog/">Vol. 1, 1886</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyrelig04pflegoog/">Vol. 2, 1887</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyrelig00menzgoog/">Vol. 4, 1888</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyandde00pflegoog/">Vol. 1, 1894</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyandde02pflegoog/">Vol. 2, 1894</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyrelig03pflegoog/">Vol. 3, 1888</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyrelig02pflegoog/">Vol. 4, 1894</a> - online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionandhist00pflegoog/"><i>Religion and historic faiths</i></a>, 1907 – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/primitivechrist00pflegoog/"><i>Primitive Christianity: Its Writings and Teachings in Their Historical Connections</i></a>, 1906 – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/evolutionandthe01pflegoog/"><i>Evolution and Theology and Other Essays</i></a>, 1900 – online text at the Internet Archive.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/developmentof00pfle/"><i>The development of Christianity</i></a>, 1910 – online text at the Internet Archive.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Pfleiderer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilmanPeckColby1905677-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilmanPeckColby1905677_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilmanPeckColby1905">Gilman, Peck & Colby 1905</a>, p. 677.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911340_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>, p. 340.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Pfleiderer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGilmanPeckColby1905" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Coit_Gilman" title="Daniel Coit Gilman">Gilman, D. C.</a>; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Pfleiderer, Otto"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Pfleiderer,_Otto">"Pfleiderer, Otto" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i> (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. p. 677.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pfleiderer%2C+Otto&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=677&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Dodd%2C+Mead&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOtto+Pfleiderer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Attribution</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pfleiderer,_Otto" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pfleiderer, Otto">Pfleiderer, Otto</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 340.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pfleiderer%2C+Otto&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=340&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOtto+Pfleiderer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Pfleiderer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/P#Pffleiderer,_Otto">"Pffleiderer, Otto" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia" title="The Nuttall Encyclopædia">The Nuttall Encyclopædia</a></i>. 1907.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pffleiderer%2C+Otto&rft.btitle=The+Nuttall+Encyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.date=1907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOtto+Pfleiderer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Pfleiderer%2C%20Otto%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Otto%20Pfleiderer%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pfleiderer%2C%20Otto%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Otto%20Pfleiderer%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Pfleiderer%2C%20O%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Otto%20Pfleiderer%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Pfleiderer%2C%20Otto%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Otto%20Pfleiderer%22%29%20OR%20%28%221839-1908%22%20AND%20Pfleiderer%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Otto Pfleiderer</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/695">Works by Otto Pfleiderer</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109085512">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/64013825">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/39196/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJth9cPmbYJRk7jv8jPJDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118593668">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79078160">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972931j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972931j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00525127">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pfleiderer, Otto"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LO1V151952">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35420326">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=zmp2017939238&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/90188">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068845154">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pfleiderer, Otto, 1839-1908"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000162648&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=162716">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810612535105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/227713">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007306530505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/946435">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118593668.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118593668">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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