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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">波拉茨克</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。58种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%83" title="بولوتسك – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بولوتسك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полацк – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Полацк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Полацак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Полацак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2latsk" title="Pòlatsk – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pòlatsk" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polack" title="Polack – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Polack" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polock" title="Polock – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polock" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Полотьскъ – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Полотьскъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polazk" title="Polazk – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polazk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polack" title="Polack – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Polack" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lotsk" title="Pólotsk – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pólotsk" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9" title="پولوتسک – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پولوتسک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk_(Steed)" title="Polatsk (Steed) – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Polatsk (Steed)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%A7" title="פולאצק – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולאצק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polock" title="Polock – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Polock" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polack" title="Polack – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Polack" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polack" title="Polack – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Polack" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AF" title="Պոլոցկ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոլոցկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polack" title="Polack – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polack" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%A9%E3%83%84%E3%82%AF" title="ポラツク – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポラツク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="პოლოცკი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლოცკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%B8%A0%ED%81%AC" title="폴라츠크 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴라츠크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotia" title="Polotia – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Polotia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polockas" title="Polockas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Polockas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polocka" title="Polocka – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Polocka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polazk" title="Polazk – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Polazk" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82ock" title="Połock – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Połock" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo%C8%9Bk" title="Poloțk – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Poloțk" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polock" title="Polock – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Polock" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polock" title="Polock – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Polock" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Polotsk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" title="Полоцк – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Полоцк" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polatsk" title="Polatsk – 塔希提语" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Polatsk" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="塔希提语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA" title="Полоцьк – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Полоцьк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9" title="پولوتسک – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پولوتسک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照<a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="be:Полацк">白俄羅斯語維基百科</a>、<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polotsk" class="extiw" title="en:Polotsk">英語維基百科</a>和<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="ru:Полоцк">俄語維基百科</a>相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年12月16日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年12月16日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">"波拉茨克"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67735281">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:23em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap"><span class="fn org">波拉茨克</span><br /><span class="nickname"><span lang="be" title="白俄羅斯語文本">Полацк</span><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="白俄羅斯語">白俄羅斯語</a>）</span><br /><span lang="ru" title="俄語文本">Полоцк</span><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="俄語">俄語</a>）</span></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Polack_Montage_(2017).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg/250px-Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg/375px-Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg/500px-Polack_Montage_%282017%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3658" data-file-height="5120" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84040992">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="波拉茨克旗幟"><img alt="波拉茨克旗幟" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_city_of_Polotsk_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="299" /></a></span><br /><small>旗幟</small></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack,_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="波拉茨克徽章"><img alt="波拉茨克徽章" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Po%C5%82ack%2C_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="241" /></a></span><br /><small>徽章</small></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66786032">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belarus_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="波拉茨克在白俄羅斯的位置"><img alt="波拉茨克在白俄羅斯的位置" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Belarus_location_map.svg/250px-Belarus_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Belarus_location_map.svg/375px-Belarus_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Belarus_location_map.svg/500px-Belarus_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1626" data-file-height="1451" /></a></span><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:17.296%;left:58.416%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="波拉茨克"><img alt="波拉茨克" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>波拉茨克</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">坐标：<span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B&params=55.48_N_28.8_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">55°29′N</span> <span class="longitude">28°48′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">55.48°N 28.8°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.48; 28.8</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">国家</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄羅斯</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">州</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E" title="维捷布斯克州">维捷布斯克州</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80_(%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF)" title="區 (白俄羅斯)">區</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="波拉茨克區">波拉茨克區</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%8C%BA" title="时区">时区</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E4%B8%9C%E9%83%A8%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="欧洲东部时间">EET</a>（<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""> • <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%97%B6%E5%88%B6" title="夏时制">夏时制</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E4%B8%9C%E9%83%A8%E5%A4%8F%E4%BB%A4%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="欧洲东部夏令时间">EEST</a>（<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a>）</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>波拉茨克</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="白俄羅斯語">白俄羅斯語</a>：<span lang="be">Полацк</span>，<small><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="白俄羅斯語羅馬化">羅馬化</a>：</small><i lang="be-Latn" title="白俄羅斯語羅馬化">Polack</i>），又按俄语名译为<b>波洛茨克</b>（俄语：<span lang="ru">Полоцк</span>，<small><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="俄語羅馬化">羅馬化</a>：</small><i lang="ru-Latn" title="俄語羅馬化">Polotsk</i>），是<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄罗斯</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E" title="维捷布斯克州">维捷布斯克州</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="波拉茨克區">波拉茨克區</a>内的城市及该区的行政中心，该市位于<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%8A%A0%E7%93%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="道加瓦河">道加瓦河</a>畔。该地在历史上是<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄罗斯</a>的中心地带，也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%85%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="基辅罗斯">基辅罗斯</a>被<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-disambig" title="蒙古人">蒙古人</a>击溃以后唯一一个不向<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B8%90%E6%B1%97%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="金帐汗国">金帐汗国</a>纳贡的罗斯公国。但不久以后，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%B4%9B%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" title="波洛茨克公国">波洛茨克公国</a>被<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a>吞并。直到500年后的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E5%8D%A1%E6%8D%B7%E7%90%B3%E5%A8%9C%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="叶卡捷琳娜二世">叶卡捷琳娜二世</a>时代才和已经统一了<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯帝国</a>合并。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">周定国 (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mall.cnki.net/reference/ref_readerItem.aspx?bid=R200807101&recid=R2008071010125533">Polotsk 见 Polatsk 波拉茨克 [白]</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8" title="世界地名翻译大辞典">世界地名翻译大辞典</a>. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司: 768. 2008-01. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-500-10753-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-500-10753-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-500-10753-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/885528603"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 885528603</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/books/OL23943703M"><span title="开放图书馆">OL 23943703M</span></a>. <span title="中国国家图书馆联机公共目录查询系统（OPAC）"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.nlc.cn/F?func=direct&local_base=NLC01&doc_number=003756704">NLC 003756704</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B&rft.atitle=Polotsk+%E8%A7%81+Polatsk+%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B+%5B%E7%99%BD%5D&rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8&rft.date=2008-01&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-7-500-10753-8&rft.pages=768&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%96%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmall.cnki.net%2Freference%2Fref_readerItem.aspx%3Fbid%3DR200807101%26recid%3DR2008071010125533&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F885528603&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（简体中文）</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B6%AD%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Template:維捷布斯克州行政區劃"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%B6%AD%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Template talk:維捷布斯克州行政區劃"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%B6%AD%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:維捷布斯克州行政區劃"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="维捷布斯克州行政區劃" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%9E" title="维捷布斯克州">维捷布斯克州</a>行政區劃</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80_(%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF)" title="區 (白俄羅斯)">區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A5%E7%94%B3%E7%A7%91%E7%B6%AD%E5%A5%87%E5%8D%80" title="別申科維奇區">別申科維奇區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E5%8D%80" title="布拉斯拉夫區">布拉斯拉夫區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B0%E4%BB%80%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA%E5%8D%80" title="恰什尼基區">恰什尼基區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E9%BD%8A%E5%8D%80" title="多克希齊區">多克希齊區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B8%83%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%AB%E8%AB%BE%E5%8D%80" title="杜布羅夫諾區">杜布羅夫諾區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="戈羅多克區">戈羅多克區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%9B%A7%E5%8D%9A%E7%A7%91%E8%80%B6%E5%8D%80_(%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF)" title="格盧博科耶區 (白俄羅斯)">格盧博科耶區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E4%BD%A9%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%80" title="列佩利區">列佩利區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2%E8%AB%BE%E5%8D%80" title="利奧茲諾區">利奧茲諾區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%A7%E9%9B%B7%E5%8D%80" title="米奧雷區">米奧雷區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%88%BE%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%80" title="奧爾沙區">奧爾沙區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%B6%AD%E5%8D%80" title="波斯塔維區">波斯塔維區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="波拉茨克區">波拉茨克區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%B4%A2%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%80" title="羅索內區">羅索內區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%88%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB%E5%B8%8C%E7%B4%8D%E5%8D%80" title="沙爾科夫希納區">沙爾科夫希納區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E8%AB%BE%E5%8D%80" title="舒米利諾區">舒米利諾區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E8%AB%BE%E5%8D%80" title="先諾區">先諾區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%BD%E5%8D%80" title="塔拉欽區">塔拉欽區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%B2%99%E5%A5%87%E5%8D%80" title="烏沙奇區">烏沙奇區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="維捷布斯克區">維捷布斯克區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%80" title="上德文斯克區">上德文斯克區</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Vitebsk Region"><img alt="Coat of arms of Vitebsk Region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg/90px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Vitsebsk_Voblasts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="715" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">城市</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%98%AD_(%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF)" title="巴蘭 (白俄羅斯)">巴蘭</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="别申科维奇" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beshankovichy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%AB%E7%94%B3%E7%A7%91%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="别申科维奇（页面不存在）">别申科维奇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beshankovichy" class="extiw" title="en:Beshankovichy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beshankovichy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" title="布拉斯拉夫">布拉斯拉夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B0%E4%BB%80%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="恰什尼基">恰什尼基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%8D" title="季斯納">季斯納</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E9%BD%8A" title="多克希齊">多克希齊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B8%83%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%AB%E8%AB%BE" title="杜布羅夫諾">杜布羅夫諾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B" title="戈羅多克">戈羅多克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%9B%A7%E5%8D%9A%E7%A7%91%E8%80%B6" title="格盧博科耶">格盧博科耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E4%BD%A9%E5%88%A9" title="列佩利">列佩利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2%E8%AB%BE" title="利奧茲諾">利奧茲諾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%A7%E9%9B%B7" title="米奧雷">米奧雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%9B%A7%E7%A7%91%E5%A7%86%E5%88%A9" title="新盧科姆利">新盧科姆利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B" title="新波拉茨克">新波拉茨克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%99" title="奥尔沙">奥尔沙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%B6%AD" title="波斯塔維">波斯塔維</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">波拉茨克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E8%AB%BE" title="先諾">先諾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%BD" title="塔拉欽">塔拉欽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%8D%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" title="维捷布斯克">维捷布斯克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" title="上德文斯克">上德文斯克</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200797#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200797#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200797#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1264557/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151419297">VIAF</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX6121973">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15059482b">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15059482b">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4376137-9">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007530927205171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n93029967">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Polack (Bělorusko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge191206&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/78df5699-e832-4370-a68c-1a3d9b2154da">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/095338926">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" 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