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The constituent bodies of the national [[supreme court]]s are the [[Court of Session]], the [[High Court of Justiciary]], the [[Office of the Accountant of Court]], and the Auditor of the Court of Session.<ref>[http://www.scotcourts.gov.uk/docs/you_and_us/recruitment/SCS%20An%20Introduction.pdf PDF-file] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704181531/http://www.scotcourts.gov.uk/docs/you_and_us/recruitment/SCS%20An%20Introduction.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} - "The Supreme Courts are made up of: the Court of Session, the High Court of Justiciary and the Accountant of Court's Office" - [[Scottish Court Service]], accessed 12 March 2007</ref><ref name="auditor_1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.scottishciviljusticecouncil.gov.uk/docs/librariesprovider4/access-to-justice-committee-files/14-june-2016-atj-meeting-papers/paper-4-1b---auditor-of-court-engagement.pdf?sfvrsn=2|title=Expenses and Funding of Litigation Bill {{!}} Auditor of Court Provisions|date=14 June 2016|website=scottishciviljusticecouncil.gov.uk|publisher=Scottish Civil Justice Council|access-date=6 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="session_act_1821">{{Cite legislation UK|act=Court of Session Act 1821|chapter=38|type=act|year=1821}}</ref> Its associated bodies are the [[Faculty of Advocates]], the [[Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet]] and the [[Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland]]. The College is headed by the [[Lord President of the Court of Session]], who also holds the title of Lord Justice General in relation to the [[High Court of Justiciary]], and judges of the Court of Session and High Court are titled [[Senators of the College of Justice]]. ==History== The college was founded in 1532 by [[James V of Scotland|King James V]] following a [[papal bull|bull]] issued by [[Pope Clement VII]] on 15 September 1531. It provided for 10,000 [[gold ducat]]s to be contributed by the [[Christianity in Medieval Scotland|Scottish bishoprics]] and [[Abbeys and priories in Scotland|monastic institutions]] for the maintenance of its members, one half of whom would be members of the "ecclesiastical dignity".<ref>The 1531 bull stipulated that of the senators "{{lang|la|media pars in dignitate ecclesiastica constituta omnino esse debeat}}"; a March 1534 bull of [[Pope Paul III]] added "{{lang|la|pro uno Presidente semper prelate ecclesiastico}}". {{citation | url=https://archive.org/details/scottishhistoric09edinuoft | title=The Reformers and divorce | first=David | last=Baird Smith | journal=The Scottish Historical Review | volume=9 | date=1912 | pages=12–13}}</ref> {{Infobox UK legislation | short_title = College of Justice Act 1532 | type = Act | parliament = Parliament of Scotland | long_title = Concerning the ordour of Justice and the institutioun of ane college of cunning and wise men for the administracioun of Justice. | year = 1532 | citation = c. 2{{br}}[12mo ed: 1537 cc. 36–41] | introduced_commons = | introduced_lords = | territorial_extent = | royal_assent = 17 May 1532 | commencement = | expiry_date = | repeal_date = | amends = | replaces = | amendments = {{ubli|[[Statute Law Revision (Scotland) Act 1906]]}} | repealing_legislation = | related_legislation = | status = amended | legislation_history = | theyworkforyou = | millbankhansard = | original_text = | revised_text = | use_new_UK-LEG = | UK-LEG_title = College of Justice Act 1532 | collapsed = yes }} The [[Parliament of Scotland]] passed the '''{{visible anchor|College of Justice Act 1532}}''' (c. 2) on 17 May 1532 authorising the creation of the college with 14 members, half spiritual, half temporal, plus a president and the [[Lord Chancellor of Scotland|Lord Chancellor]]. The college convened for the first time on 27 May 1532, in the royal presence. Supplementing the 14 ordinary lords, who were called senators, were an indefinite number of supernumerary judges called [[Extraordinary Lord of Session|extraordinary lords]]. The founding members of the College of Justice were: * The Lord Chancellor, [[Gavin Dunbar (Archbishop of Glasgow)|Gavin Dunbar]], [[Archbishop of Glasgow]] * The Lord President, [[Alexander Myln]], Abbot of [[Cambuskenneth Abbey|Cambuskenneth]] * Richard Bothwell, Rector of [[Ashkirk]] * John Dingwall, Provost of [[Trinity College Kirk|Trinity College]] * Henry White, Rector of [[Finevin]] * William Gibson, Dean of [[Restalrig]] * Thomas Hay, Dean of [[Dunbar]] * Robert Reid, Abbot of [[Kinloss Abbey|Kinloss]] * George Ker, Provost of [[Dunglass]] * [[William Scott, Lord Balwearie|Sir William Scott]] of [[Balweary]] * [[Henry Lauder, Lord St Germains]], [[Lord Advocate|King's Advocate]]<ref>"One of the nine advocates appointed at the institution of the College of Justice. Dalrymple of Hailes, Bt., Sir David, ''An Historical Account of the Senators of the College of Justice of Scotland from its Institution'', Edinburgh, 1849, p.63.</ref> * [[John Campbell of Lundy]] * [[Sir James Colville]] of [[Easter Wemyss]] * Sir [[Adam Otterburn]] of [[Auldhame]] and [[Redhall]], King's [[His Majesty's Advocate|Advocate]] * Nicholas Crawford of [[Oxengangs]] * [[Francis Bothwell]] of [[Edinburgh]] (brother of Richard) * James Lawson of Edinburgh * Sir James Foulis of [[Colinton]], who was added at the first meeting of the court when the king made him a "Lord of the Session". The college at its foundation dealt with underdeveloped [[Scots civil law|civil law]]. It did not dispense justice in criminal matters as that was an area of the law reserved to the king's justice, through the [[justiciar]]s (hence the High Court of the Justiciary), the [[Barony Court]]s and the [[Commission of Justiciary]]. The High Court of Justiciary was only incorporated into the College of Justice in 1672. Initially, there was little legal literature. [[Act of the Parliament of Scotland|Acts]] of the [[Parliament of Scotland]] and the books of the [[Old Law]] as well as [[Roman Law]] and [[canon law]] texts were about all to which the pursuer and defender could refer. It was only after the establishment of the court that this situation improved, with judges noting their decisions in {{not a typo|books of practicks}}. The [[Treaty of Union 1707]] with [[England]] preserved the [[Scottish Legal System]]. Article XIX provided ''"that the Court of Session or College of Justice do after the Union and notwithstanding thereof remain in all time coming within Scotland, and that the Court of Justiciary do also after the Union ... remain in all time coming."'' ==See also== {{CourtsScotland}} *[[Senator of the College of Justice]] *[[Historic List of Senators of the College of Justice]] *[[Extraordinary Lord of Session]] *[[Principal Clerk of Session and Justiciary]] ==References== <references/> ==External links== *[http://www.nas.gov.uk/recordKeeping/supreme.asp Supreme Courts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106041028/http://www.nas.gov.uk/recordKeeping/supreme.asp |date=6 January 2017 }} at the [[National Archives of Scotland]] {{Scotland topics}} {{CourtsScotland2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:College Of Justice}} [[Category:College of Justice| ]] [[Category:Courts of Scotland]] [[Category:Subnational supreme courts|Scotland]] [[Category:Organisations based in Edinburgh]] 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