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decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"43\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/60px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/80px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"555\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EOd 1. do 30. novembra 2024. učestvujte u projektu \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Azijski_mjesec/2024.\" title=\"Wikipedia:Azijski mjesec/2024.\"\u003E\"Azijski mjesec\"\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div 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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Naziv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naziv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Naziv</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naziv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Historija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uspon_Konstantipolja_i_Bizantijskog_Carstva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uspon_Konstantipolja_i_Bizantijskog_Carstva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Uspon Konstantipolja i Bizantijskog Carstva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uspon_Konstantipolja_i_Bizantijskog_Carstva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Period_Osmanlijskog_Carstva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Period_Osmanlijskog_Carstva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Period Osmanlijskog Carstva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Period_Osmanlijskog_Carstva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Geografija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Klima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uređenje_grada_i_administrativna_podjela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uređenje_grada_i_administrativna_podjela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uređenje grada i administrativna podjela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uređenje_grada_i_administrativna_podjela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Grb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demografija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Politika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svjetska_baština" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svjetska_baština"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Svjetska baština</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svjetska_baština-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privreda_i_infrastruktura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privreda_i_infrastruktura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Privreda i infrastruktura</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Privreda_i_infrastruktura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Privreda i infrastruktura</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Privreda_i_infrastruktura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Privreda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privreda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Privreda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privreda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saobraćaj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saobraćaj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Saobraćaj</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Saobraćaj-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Saobraćaj</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Saobraćaj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zračni_promet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zračni_promet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Zračni promet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zračni_promet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podzemna_željeznica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podzemna_željeznica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Podzemna željeznica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podzemna_željeznica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obrazovanje_i_nauka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obrazovanje_i_nauka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Obrazovanje i nauka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obrazovanje_i_nauka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poznate_osobe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poznate_osobe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Poznate osobe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poznate_osobe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Također_pogledajte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Također_pogledajte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Također pogledajte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Također_pogledajte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjski_linkovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Vanjski linkovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uključi/isključi sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uključi/isključi sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Istanbul</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na članak na drugom jeziku. Dostupno na 227 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-227" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">227 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Сҭампыл – abhaski" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Сҭампыл" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89seutamu" title="Éseutamu – ačinski" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Éseutamu" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ačinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – adigejski" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adigejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – njemački (Švicarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="njemački (Švicarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D" title="ኢስታንቡል – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢስታንቡል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – aramejski" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইষ্টানবুল – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইষ্টানবুল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – avarski" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="ایستانبول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایستانبول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – balinezijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambols" title="Stambols – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stambols" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইস্তাম্বুল – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইস্তাম্বুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Истмала – čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Истмала" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – čejenski" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="čejenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%B5" title="ئەستەمبوڵ – centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەستەمبوڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – krimski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztamb%C3%B9l" title="Sztambùl – kašubijanski" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Sztambùl" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kašubijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%A3%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%84%D1%8C_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ – staroslavenski" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="staroslavenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estamol" title="Estamol – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Estamol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – donjolužičkosrpski" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="donjolužičkosrpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κωνσταντινούπολη – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωνσταντινούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulo" title="Istanbulo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Istanbulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – fidžijski" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – farski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="farski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sjeverni frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjeverni frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – friulijski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BBl" title="Istanbûl – zapadni frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Istanbûl" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadni frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iostanb%C3%BAl" title="Iostanbúl – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iostanbúl" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – gagauški" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – škotski galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8A%D9%84" title="ايستامبۊل – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايستامبۊل" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻 – gotski" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="איסטנבול – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איסטנבול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – gornjolužičkosrpski" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="gornjolužičkosrpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isztambul" title="Isztambul – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isztambul" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Ստամբուլ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստամբուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Իսթանպուլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսթանպուլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Истмале – ingušetski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Истмале" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingušetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BAl" title="Istanbúl – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Istanbúl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="イスタンブール – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスタンブール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – kabardijski" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isitambuli" title="Isitambuli – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Isitambuli" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itambut" title="Itambut – tjap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Itambut" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tjap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – kikuju" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D2%B1%D0%BB" title="Ыстанбұл – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ыстанбұл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್ – kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%EB%B6%88" title="이스탄불 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이스탄불" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – karačaj-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačaj-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stembol" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – kirgiški" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambol" title="Estambol – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Estambol" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – lezgijski" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99" title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ – laoski" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambulas" title="Stambulas – litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stambulas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambula" title="Stambula – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stambula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – maitili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maitili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C4%81nipuru" title="Itānipuru – maorski" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Itānipuru" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तंबूल – marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्तंबूल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့ – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Стамбул ош – erzija" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Стамбул ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استامبول – mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="استامبول" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तान्बुल – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्तान्बुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – norveški (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – norveški (Bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški (Bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coustantinobles" title="Coustantinobles – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Coustantinobles" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%82ch%CA%BC%C4%AF%CA%BC_N%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%A1" title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – njanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="njanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambol" title="Istambol – oksitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Istambol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – osetski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2" title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istamboul" title="Istamboul – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Istamboul" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuel" title="Istanbuel – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Istanbuel" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – paštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanpul" title="Istanpul – kečua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Istanpul" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – retoromanski" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Істанбул – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Істанбул" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kinjaruanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinjaruanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sjeverni sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sjeverni sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – srpskohrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpskohrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්තාන්බුල් – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්තාන්බුල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carigrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuul" title="Istanbuul – somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Istanbuul" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambolli" title="Stambolli – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stambolli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுதான்புல் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுதான்புல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్తాంబుల్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్తాంబుల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="อิสตันบูล – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิสตันบูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tvi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="tvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tuvinijski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84" title="ئىستانبۇل – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىستانبۇل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" title="伊斯坦布尔 – Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯坦布尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סטאמבול – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סטאמבול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ – standardni marokanski tamazigt" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standardni marokanski tamazigt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezičke linkove" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Prikaži stranicu sa sadržajem [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Istanbul" rel="discussion" title="Razgovor o sadržaju [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > 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href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&printable=yes" title="Verzija ove stranice za štampanje [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Za štampanje</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategorija:Istanbul" hreflang="bs"><span>Wikivijesti</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406" title="Link na povezane podatke spremišnih stavki [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka 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.longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Istanbul&params=41_00_49_N_28_57_18_E_type:landmark_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju"><span class="latitude">41°00′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°57′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju">41.01361°N 28.95500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.01361; 28.95500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">S Wikipedije, slobodne enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bs" dir="ltr"><div><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3591054">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Istanbul&params=41_00_49_N_28_57_18_E_type:landmark_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju"><span class="latitude">41°00′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°57′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju">41.01361°N 28.95500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.01361; 28.95500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div> <table class="infobox geography" style="width: 256px; padding: 0; font-size: 89%;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Ime objekata (lokalno ime)"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Istanbul </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Drugo ime"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: #dfdfdf;"><span style="white-space: nowrap">Carigrad, Konstatinopolj</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow" title="Kategorija"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #dfdfdf;"><a href="/wiki/Megagrad" title="Megagrad">Megagrad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg/250px-Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg/375px-Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg/500px-Istanbul_collage_5f.jpg 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="1029" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Službeni_naziv"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Službeni naziv: </b>İstanbul </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Država / Države, gdje je objekat"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Država </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turska" title="Turska">Turska</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Regija / Regije gdje je objekat"> <th style=";">Regija </th> <td><span style=""><a href="/wiki/Marmara" title="Marmara">Marmara</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Distrikt gdje je objekat"> <th style=";">Provincija </th> <td><span style=""><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(pokrajina)" title="Istanbul (pokrajina)">Istanbul</a> (39)</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Metara iznad Jadrana"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Nadmorska visina </th> <td>40 <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">m</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Geografske koordinate"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Geografske_koordinate" title="Geografske koordinate">Koordinate</a> </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3591054"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Istanbul&params=41_00_49_N_28_57_18_E_type:landmark_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju"><span class="latitude">41°00′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°57′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Karte, zračne fotografije i ostali podaci za ovu lokaciju">41.01361°N 28.95500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.01361; 28.95500</span></span></span></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Površina"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Površina </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Prvšina metro"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - Metro </td> <td>5.343 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratni_kilometar" title="Kvadratni kilometar">km<sup>2</sup></a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Stanovništvo u gradu"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Stanovništvo </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Stanovništvo, metro"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - Metro </td> <td>13.854.740<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2012) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Gustoća"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Gustoća </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Gustoća, metro"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - Metro </td> <td>2.523 /km<sup>2</sup>  </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="gradonačelnik u gradu"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Gradonačelnik </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekrem_%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekrem İmamoğlu (stranica ne postoji)">Ekrem İmamoğlu</a> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=CHP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CHP (stranica ne postoji)">CHP</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Vremenska zona"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Vremenska zona </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnoevropsko_vrijeme" title="Istočnoevropsko vrijeme">EET</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a>+2) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="ljeto (Vremenska zona)"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - ljeto </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnoevropsko_ljetno_vrijeme" title="Istočnoevropsko ljetno vrijeme">EEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a>+3) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Poštanski broj"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Poštanski broj </th> <td>34000 do 34850 i 80000 do 81800 </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Pozivni broj"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Pozivni broj </th> <td>(+90) 212 <small>(Evropski dio)</small> <br /> (+90) 216 <small>(Azijski dio)</small> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 256px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Turkey_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/256px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/384px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/512px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:18.14%; top:21.23%; padding:0; line-height:0;"><div style="position:absolute;text-align:center;left:-4px;top:-4px;width:8px;font-size:8px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Istanbul</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik">turski</a>: <span lang="tr"><i>İstanbul</i></span>), kroz <a href="/wiki/Historija" title="Historija">historiju</a> također poznat i kao <a href="/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad">Carigrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopolj" title="Konstantinopolj">Konstantinopolj</a> ili Bizantium, <a href="/wiki/Spisak_gradova_u_Turskoj" title="Spisak gradova u Turskoj">najveći</a> je grad u <a href="/wiki/Turska" title="Turska">Turskoj</a>, privredni, kulturni i historijski centar i jedan od najvažnijih gradova ove <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transkontinentalna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transkontinentalna država (stranica ne postoji)">transkontinentalne države</a>. Transkontinentalni je grad <a href="/wiki/Evroazija" title="Evroazija">Evroazije</a>, što je jedna od njegovih posebnosti. Nalazi se na obje strane <a href="/wiki/Bosfor" title="Bosfor">Bosforskog</a> <a href="/wiki/Moreuz" title="Moreuz">moreuza</a>, između <a href="/wiki/Crno_more" title="Crno more">Crnog</a> i <a href="/wiki/Mramorno_more" title="Mramorno more">Mramornog mora</a>, obuhvatajući prirodnu luku <a href="/wiki/Zlatni_rog" title="Zlatni rog">Zlatni rog</a> (<i>Haliç</i>). Iako se prostire na dva kontinenta, smatra se <a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">evropskim</a> gradom, sa privrednom i historijskom jezgrom koja se nalazi na <a href="/wiki/Kontinentalna_Evropa" title="Kontinentalna Evropa">evropskoj strani</a>. Grad je također administrativni centar <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(pokrajina)" title="Istanbul (pokrajina)">Istanbulske pokrajine</a>, ali ne i <a href="/wiki/Glavni_grad" title="Glavni grad">glavni grad</a> Turske. Sa oko 14,7 miliona stanovnika,<sup id="cite_ref-citypolution.de_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citypolution.de-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> jedan je od najmnogoljudnijih gradova svijeta, 7. najmnogoljudniji grad na svijetu i <a href="/wiki/Spisak_najve%C4%87ih_gradova_u_Evropi" title="Spisak najvećih gradova u Evropi">prvi takav u Evropi</a>. </p><p>Osnovan pod nazivom Bizantion na rtu Sarayburnu, oko 660. godine p.n.e, grad se razvijao kako bi postao jedan od najvažnijih gradova kroz historiju. Nakon što je ponovno uspostavljen kao Carigrad 330. godine, služio je kao carski grad skoro 16 vijekova, za vrijeme <a href="/wiki/Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Rimsko Carstvo">rimskog</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bizantijsko_Carstvo" title="Bizantijsko Carstvo">bizantijskog</a> (330-1204. i 1261-1453), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Latinsko_Carstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latinsko Carstvo (stranica ne postoji)">latinskog</a> (1204-1261) i <a href="/wiki/Osmanlijsko_Carstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanlijsko Carstvo">Osmanlijskog carstva</a> (1453-1922).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odigrao je važnu ulogu u unapređenju krišćanstva tokom rimskog i bizantijskog doba, prije nego što su kontrolu nad njime 1453. godine, preuzele Osmanlije i pretvorile ga u islamsko uporište i sjedište Osmanlijskog halifata.<sup id="cite_ref-maag1145_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maag1145-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Smješten na strateški važnom mjestu, nekadašnjem <a href="/wiki/Put_svile" title="Put svile">Putu svile</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> željezničkom čvorištu između Evrope i <a href="/wiki/Bliski_istok" title="Bliski istok">Bliskog istoka</a> i na trasi jedinog morskog puta između Crnog mora i <a href="/wiki/Sredozemno_more" title="Sredozemno more">Sredozemlja</a>, proizveli su od Istanbula <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kozmopolitizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kozmopolitizam (stranica ne postoji)">kosmopolitski</a> grad. Broj stanovnika grada se povećao za deset puta od 1950-ih, usljed migriranja stanovnika iz cijele <a href="/wiki/Anadolija" title="Anadolija">Anadolije</a>. </p><p>Istanbul je nadmašio <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> i <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> i postao najposjećeniji grad na svijetu, sa više od 20 miliona stranih posjetitelja u 2023. godini.<sup id="cite_ref-euromonitor_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euromonitor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Najveće turističke atrakcija grada su <a href="/wiki/Historijsko_podru%C4%8Dje_Istanbula" title="Historijsko područje Istanbula">historijski centar</a>, uvršten na <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCOov</a> <a href="/wiki/Svjetska_ba%C5%A1tina" title="Svjetska baština">spisak svjetske baštine</a>, kulturni i zabavni centar koji se proteže uz gradsku prirodnu luku, <a href="/wiki/Zlatni_rog" title="Zlatni rog">Zlatni rog</a>, u oblasti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beyo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beyoğlu (stranica ne postoji)">Beyoğlu</a> i dr. Istanbul se smatra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Globalni_grad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Globalni grad (stranica ne postoji)">globalnim gradom</a> kao i jedna od najbrže rastućih ekonomskih metropola na svijetu. U gradu se nalaze mnoge centrale turskih kompanija i medijskih kuća a njegova privreda čini više od 30% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomija_Turske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomija Turske (stranica ne postoji)">ekonomije Turske</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hisdic_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hisdic-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oecd_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oecd-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zajedno sa <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arska" title="Mađarska">mađarskim</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%C4%8Duh" title="Pečuh">Pečuhom</a> i <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">njemačkim</a> <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essenom</a>, Istanbul je proglašen <a href="/wiki/Evropski_glavni_grad_kulture" title="Evropski glavni grad kulture">evropskim glavnim gradom kulture</a> za <a href="/wiki/2010" class="mw-redirect" title="2010">2010</a>. godinu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naziv">Naziv</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak "Naziv"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Naziv"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazivi_za_Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazivi za Istanbul (stranica ne postoji)">Nazivi za Istanbul</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG/170px-Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG/255px-Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG/340px-Column_of_Constantine_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstantinov_stub&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstantinov stub (stranica ne postoji)">Konstantinov stub</a><sup id="cite_ref-Forum_of_Constantine_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forum_of_Constantine-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Najstariji naziv za Istanbul je <a href="/wiki/Bizantijum" title="Bizantijum">Bizantijum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki" class="mw-redirect" title="Grčki">grčki</a>: Βυζάντιον), naziv koji su mu dodijelili njegovi osnivači, tj. kolonisti iz Megare oko 660. godine p.n.e.<sup id="cite_ref-Room_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Room-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U početku se mislilo da naziv grada potiče od vlastitog imena Byzas. Starogrčka tradicija se veže za legendarnog kralja istog imana kao vođe kolonista. Međutim, moderni učenjaci pretpostavljaju da je ime Byzas lokalnog tračanskog ili ilirskog porijekla i da je prethodilo Megareanskom naselju.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nakon što je <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Veliki" title="Konstantin Veliki">Konstantin Veliki</a> od grada napravio novu istočnu prijestolnicu Rimskog Carstva 330. godine, grad je postao poznat kao "Carigrad" što je latinizirana verzija grčkog naziva <i>Konstantinoupolis</i> što znači "Konstantinov grad".<sup id="cite_ref-Room_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Room-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stoga je pokušao promovirati naziv "Novi Rim" ali se upotreba tog naziva nije rasprostranila.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carigrad je ostao najčešći naziv za Istanbul korišten na zapadu sve do osnivanja Republike Turske dok su <i>Kostantiniyye</i> i <i>Istanbul</i> Osmanlije koristili kao alternativna imena tokom svoje vladavine.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Do 19. stoljeća, grad je stekao veliki broj drugih imena koje su koristili kako stranci tako i Turci. Evropljani su koristili naziv Carigrad koji se odnosio na cijeli grad, ali su koristili i naziv Stambol, kao i Turci, ali za dio grada na poluostrvu opasan zidom, između <a href="/wiki/Zlatni_rog" title="Zlatni rog">Zlatnog roga</a> i <a href="/wiki/Mramorno_more" title="Mramorno more">Mramornog mora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historija">Historija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak "Historija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Historija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članci: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historija_Istanbula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historija Istanbula (stranica ne postoji)">Historija Istanbula</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hronologija_Istanbula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hronologija Istanbula (stranica ne postoji)">Hronologija Istanbula</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg/280px-Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg/420px-Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg/560px-Bozdo%C4%A3an_Kemeri_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3908" data-file-height="2612" /></a><figcaption>Izgradnja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valensov_akvadukt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valensov akvadukt (stranica ne postoji)">Valensovog akvadukta</a> započela je za vrijeme vladavine rimskog cara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstancije_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstancije II (stranica ne postoji)">Konstancija II</a>, a završen je 373. godine za vladavine cara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valens (stranica ne postoji)">Valensa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Artefakti iz perioda <a href="/wiki/Neolit" title="Neolit">neolita</a> koje su arheolozi otkrili početkom 21. vijeka, ukazuju na to da je poluostrvo na kojem se nalazi današnji Istanbul naseljeno još u 6. milenijumu p.n.e.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To rano naseljavanje ovog prostora, važno u širenju neolitske kulture sa Bliskog Istoka u Evropu, trajalo je skoro milenijum prije nego što je isto poplavljeno rastom nivoa vode.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prvo ljudsko naselje na azijskoj strani grada, nasip Fikirtepe, je iz perioda <a href="/wiki/Bakarno_doba" title="Bakarno doba">bakarnog doba</a>, sa artefaktima koji datiraju iz perioda od 5.500 do 3.500 p.n.e.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na evropskoj strani, blizu današnjeg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarayburnu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarayburnu (stranica ne postoji)">Sarayburna</a>, nastalo je <a href="/wiki/Tra%C4%8Dani" title="Tračani">tračko</a> naselje početkom prvog milenija p.n.e. Moderni historičari ga povezuju sa trakijskim toponimom Lygos,<sup id="cite_ref-janin_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-janin-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> koje je <a href="/wiki/Plinije_Stariji" title="Plinije Stariji">Plinije Stariji</a> pomenuo kao raniji naziv za mjesto Bizant.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historija samog grada započinje tokom perioda od oko 660. p.n.e. kada su grčki doseljenici iz <a href="/wiki/Megara" title="Megara">Megare</a> osnovali <a href="/wiki/Bizantijum" title="Bizantijum">Bizantijum</a> na evropskoj strani <a href="/wiki/Bosfor" title="Bosfor">Bosfora</a>. Doseljenici su sagradili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akropolj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akropolj (stranica ne postoji)">akropolj</a> uz Zlatni rog na mjestu ranih tračkih naselja, podstičući ekonomiju novonastalog grada. Tokom prijelaza u 5. vijek p.n.e. grad se tokom kratkog perioda našao pod perzijskom vlašću ali su ga Grci vratili pod svoju kontrolu tokom <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dko-perzijski_ratovi" title="Grčko-perzijski ratovi">grčko-perzijskih ratova</a>. Bizantijum je zatim bio dio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delski_savez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delski savez (stranica ne postoji)">Atinske lige</a> i njenog nasljednika, Druge atinske lige, prije nego što je grad stekao nezavisnost 355. p.n.e. Dugo udružen s Rimljanima, Bizantijum je službeno postal dio Rimskog Carstva 73. godine ne. Odluka Bizantijuma da se prikloni rimskom uzurpatoru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pescenije_Niger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pescenije Niger (stranica ne postoji)">Pesceniju Nigeru</a> protiv <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rimski_car&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rimski car (stranica ne postoji)">cara</a> <a href="/wiki/Septimije_Sever" title="Septimije Sever">Septimija Severa</a> skupo je koštala grad. Tokom dvogodišnje opsade grada, do trenutka njegove predaje krajem 195. godine, grad je doživio visok stepen pustošenja. Pet godina kasnije, Sever je počeo obnavljati Bizantijum, a grad je povratio i, prema nekim podacima, nadmašio svoj prethodni izgled. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uspon_Konstantipolja_i_Bizantijskog_Carstva">Uspon Konstantipolja i Bizantijskog Carstva</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak "Uspon Konstantipolja i Bizantijskog Carstva"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Uspon Konstantipolja i Bizantijskog Carstva"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg/150px-Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg/225px-Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg/300px-Rome-Capitole-StatueConstantin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Dio kipa Konstantina Velikog iz 4. vijeka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapitolski_muzeji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapitolski muzeji (stranica ne postoji)">Kapitolski muzeji</a> u <a href="/wiki/Rim" title="Rim">Rimu</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopolj" title="Konstantinopolj">Konstantinopolj</a></div> <p>Konstantin Veliki je nakon vojnih pobjeda u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitka_na_Milvijskom_mostu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bitka na Milvijskom mostu (stranica ne postoji)">Bici na Milvijskom mostu</a> protiv <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maksencije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maksencije (stranica ne postoji)">Maksencija</a> 312. godine, a zatim i protiv <a href="/w/index.php?title=Licinije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Licinije (stranica ne postoji)">Licinija</a> u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitka_kod_Hrizopolisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bitka kod Hrizopolisa (stranica ne postoji)">Bici kod Hrizopolisa</a> septembra 324. godine postao car čitavog Rimskog Carstva. Dva mjeseca kasnije, iznio je planove za izgradnju novog, kršćanskog grada, koji bi zamijenio dotadašnji Bizantijum. Kao prijestonica tzv. Istočnog Rimskog Carstva, grad je dobio naziv <i><a href="/wiki/Novi_Rim" title="Novi Rim">Novi Rim</a></i> iako ga je većina nazivala Konstantinopolj, termin koje se održao sve do 20. vijeka. 11. maja 330. Konstantinopolj je proglašen glavnim gradom Rimskog Carstva, carstva koje je kasnije, nakon smrti cara <a href="/wiki/Teodozije_I_Veliki" title="Teodozije I Veliki">Teodozija I</a> 17. januara 395. godine, trajno podijeljeno između dvojice njegovih sinova. Podjelom carstva Konstantinopolj postaje glavni grad Istočnog Rimskog Carstva, <a href="/wiki/Bizantijsko_Carstvo" title="Bizantijsko Carstvo">Bizantijskog Carstva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ba222_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ba222-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Osnivanje grada Konstantinopolja bilo je jedno od najtrajnijih Konstantinovih dostignuća, pri čemu se tadašnja rimska moć preusmjerila prema istoku a grad postao središte grčke kulture i kršćanstva.<sup id="cite_ref-ba222_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ba222-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gr63_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gr63-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Izgrađene su brojne crkve širom grada, uključujući i Aja Sofiju koja je sagrađena za vladavine <a href="/wiki/Justinijan_I" title="Justinijan I">Justinijana Velikog</a> i bila najveća katedrala na svijetu tokom narednih hiljadu godina.<sup id="cite_ref-klwa171_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klwa171-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Konstantin je takođe preduzeo veliku obnovu i proširenje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanahmetov_trg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanahmetov trg (stranica ne postoji)">carigradskog hipodroma</a> pri čemu je hipodrom mogao primiti desetine hiljada gledalaca a postao je i centralno mjesto za gradski život a tokom 5. i 6. vijeka i centar niza nemirnih događaja, uključujući i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pobuna_Nika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pobuna Nika (stranica ne postoji)">Pobunu Nika</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nemire koji su izbili protiv vladavine tadašnjeg vladara Justinijana I. Geografski položaj Konstantinopolja također je osigurao da će njegovo postojanje izdržati test vremena jer su njegovi zidovi i obala dugi niz stoljeća grad a potom i Evropu štitili od osvajača s istoka i širenja islama. Tokom dužeg dijela srednjeg vijeka, drugog perioda bizantijske ere, Konstantinopolj je bio najveći i najbogatiji grad na evropskom kontinentu, a u pojedinim periodima i najveći grad na svijetu.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Međutim, nakon završetka vladavine Bazilija II 1025. godine počinje period konstantnog pada uticaja Konstantinopolja. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cetvrti_krsta%C5%A1ki_rat" title="Četvrti krstaški rat">Četvrti krstaški rat</a>, koji je započeo s ciljem osvajanja Jerusalema, je usljed niza događaja promijenio tok rata 1204. godine, a križari su da bi dobili obećanu pomoć i nagradu zauzeli grad i opljačkali ga.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uspostavili su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Latinsko_carstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latinsko carstvo (stranica ne postoji)">Latinsko carstvo</a> umjesto pravoslavnog Bizantijskog carstva.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aja Sofija pretvorena je u katoličku crkvu 1204. godine. Bizantijsko carstvo je obnovljeno, iako oslabljeno, 1261. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Konstantinopoljske crkve, odbrambene utvrde i osnovne usluge grada bile su zapuštene<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_2010_341–42_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory_2010_341–42-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, a broj stanovnika smanjio se na oko 100.000 stanovnika sa pola miliona koliko je grad imao tokom 8. vijeka. Međutim, nakon ponovnog osvajanja 1261. godine, neki od gradskih spomenika bili su restaurirani a napravljeni su i neki novi poput dva mozaika Deesis u Aja Sofiji i Kariyeu.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_2010_341–42_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory_2010_341–42-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Različite ekonomske i vojne politike koje je uveo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronik_II._Paleolog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andronik II. Paleolog (stranica ne postoji)">Andronik II</a>, jedna od značajnijih je bila i smanjenje vojnih potencijala, oslabile su carstvo i učinile ga ranjivim na napade. Sredinom 14. vijeka, Turci Osmanlije su započeli strategiju postepenog zauzimanja manjih gradova u okruženju, odsijecajući puteve snabdijevanja Konstantinopolja i polako ga gušeći. 29. maja 1453. godine, nakon osmosedmične opsade (u toku koje je stradao posljednji rimski car, <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_XI" title="Konstantin XI">Konstantin XI</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II" title="Mehmed II">Mehmed II</a> <i>Osvajač</i> zauzima Konstantinopolj i proglašava ga novom prijestolnicom Osmanlijskog carstva. Nekoliko sati kasnije, sultan je dojahao do Aja Sofije i pozvao imama da prouči šehadet, pretvarajući veliku katedralu u carsku džamiju zbog odbijanja grada da se mirno preda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregory2010394–399_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregory2010394–399-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nakon toga, Mehmed II se proglasio novim vladarom, carom Konstantinopolja (<i>Kayser-i Rûm</i>) čime je osmanlijska država reorganizirana u carstvo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Period_Osmanlijskog_Carstva">Period Osmanlijskog Carstva</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak "Period Osmanlijskog Carstva"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Period Osmanlijskog Carstva"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nakon što je osvojio grad sultan Mehmed II se proglasio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijsko_pravo_na_sukcesiju_Rimskog_Carstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijsko pravo na sukcesiju Rimskog Carstva (stranica ne postoji)">Kayser-i-Rûmom</a>, turskim ekvivalentom <i>rimskog Cezara</i>, a Osmanlijska država je reorganizirana u carstvo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nakon zauzimanja Konstantinopolja, Mehmed II je odmah krenuo u obnavljanje grada. Svjestan da revitalizacija neće uspjeti bez ponovnog naseljavanja grada, Mehmed II je pozvao široke narodne mase da nasele grad – pokazujući izuzetnu otvorenost i spremnost da inkorporira u grad različite klase stanovništva koji su došli da definiraju osmanlijsku političku kulturu.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Također je pozvao ljude iz cijele Evrope u svoju prijestolnicu, stvarajući kosmopolitsko društvo koje je opstalo kroz veći dio osmanlijskog perioda.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Revitalizacija Istanbula također je zahtijevala masivni program restauracije, cjelokupne infrastrukture, od puteva do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valensov_akvadukt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valensov akvadukt (stranica ne postoji)">akvadukta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hughes2020_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hughes2020-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kao i mnogi vladari prije i poslije, Mehmed II je transformirao urbani pejzaž Istanbula uz veliko preuređenje centra grada.<sup id="cite_ref-madden2020_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madden2020-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Izgrađena je ogromna <a href="/wiki/Topkapi_saraj" title="Topkapi saraj">nova palata</a> koja je mogla parirati, ako ne i zasjeniti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carigradska_velika_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carigradska velika palača (stranica ne postoji)">staru</a>, novu natkrivenu pijacu (koja još uvijek postoji kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapali_%C4%8Dar%C5%A1ija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapali čaršija (stranica ne postoji)">Kapali čaršija</a>), trijeme, paviljone, šetališta, kao i više od desetak novih džamija.<sup id="cite_ref-hughes2020_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hughes2020-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mehmed II pretvorio je razoreni stari grad u nešto što je ličilo na carsku prijestonicu.<sup id="cite_ref-madden2020_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madden2020-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografija">Geografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak "Geografija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Geografija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Dodatne informacije: <a href="/wiki/Geografija_Turske" title="Geografija Turske">Geografija Turske</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3204985/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:358px;max-width:358px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:177px;max-width:177px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg/175px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg/263px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg/350px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_19_March_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1271" data-file-height="865" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:177px;max-width:177px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg/175px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg/263px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg/350px-Aerial_view_of_Istanbul_on_19_March_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1273" data-file-height="869" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="thumbcaption" style="background-color:transparent">Dvije fotografije zabilježene iz zraka na kojima se vide Zlatni rog i Bosfor, snimljene iz njemačkog cepelina 19. marta 1918.</div></div></div></div> <p>Istanbul se nalazi u sjeverozapadnom dijelu Turske i prostire se uz tjesnac Bosfor, koji kroz Mramorno more omogućava jedini prolaz iz Crnog u Sredozemno more. Historijski gledano, grad je bio idealno mjesto za trgovinu i odbranu: ušće Mramornog mora, Bosfor i Zlatni rog pružaju idealnu odbranu od neprijateljskog napada uz optimalno mjesto za naplatu cestarine i prolaza ovim dijelom svijeta. Nekoliko živopisnih ostrva - Büyükada, Heybeliada, Burgazada, Kınalıada i pet manjih ostrva su dio grada. Obala Istanbula prerasla je svoje prirodne granice. Veliki dijelovi Kaddebostana se nalaze na područjima odlagališta otpada, povećavajući ukupnu površinu grada na 5.343 km.<sup>2</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klima">Klima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak "Klima"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Klima"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gradska <a href="/wiki/Klima" title="Klima">klima</a> je umjerena kontinentalna. Ljeta su u gradu vruća i vlažna, dok su zime kišovite te ponekad snježne. Godišnja prosječna količina padavina iznosi 870 mm. Zbog vrlo visoke vlažnosti, temperature su mnogo izraženije. Prosječna maksimalna temperatura u zimskim mjesecima je između 7<a href="/wiki/Celzijus_(jedinica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijus (jedinica)">°C</a> i 9<a href="/wiki/Celzijus_(jedinica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijus (jedinica)">°C</a>. Tokom zime snijeg pada prosječno sedmicu ili dvije. Prosječna temperatura u ljetnim mjesecima je 28 °C. </p><p>Najtopliji mjesec u godini je <a href="/wiki/Juli" title="Juli">juli</a> sa prosječnom temperaturom od 23,2 °C, a najhladniji je <a href="/wiki/Januar" title="Januar">januar</a> sa 5,4 °C. Najviša zabilježena temperatura u gradu je bila 40,5 °C u augustu 2000. godine, a najniža –16,1 °C u februaru 1927. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vrijeme je obično osjetno hladnije u istočnom Istanbulu. </p><p>Grad je prilično vjetrovit, sa prosječnom brzinom vjetra od 17 kilometara na sat. Ljeto je najsuši dio godine, ali se ne događaju velike suše kao na zapadu, te se klima zato ne može smatrati sredozemnom. </p> <table cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0" style="margin:auto;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #A9A9A9;margin-bottom:.5em;margin-top:.5em;padding:2px;font-size:95%"><tbody><tr style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center"><td scope="col" style="width:200px;min-width:140px"></td><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Jan</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Feb</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Mar</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Apr</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Maj</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Jun</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Jul</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Aug</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Sep</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Okt</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Nov</th><th scope="col" style="width:40px">Dec</th><td scope="col"></td><th scope="col" style="width:40px"></th></tr><tr style="text-align:center"><td scope="col" style="text-align:left;font-size:85%">Najviša prosječna temperatura (°C)</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFF99;color:#000000">8,7</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFF99;color:#000000">9,1</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFCC66;color:#000000">11,2</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">16,5</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF8C00;color:#000000">21,4</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF6347;color:#000000">26,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF6347;color:#000000">28,4</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF6347;color:#000000">28,5</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF6347;color:#000000">25,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FF8C00;color:#000000">20,1</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">15,3</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFCC66;color:#000000">11,1</td><th scope="col" style="padding:0 5px">Ø</th><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">18,4</td></tr><tr style="text-align:center"><td scope="col" style="text-align:left;font-size:85%">Najniža prosječna temperatura (°C)</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFFEE;color:#000000">2,9</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFFEE;color:#000000">2,8</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFFEE;color:#000000">3,9</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFF99;color:#000000">7,7</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFCC66;color:#000000">12,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">16,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">18,5</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">18,7</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:#000000">15,5</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFCC66;color:#000000">12,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFF99;color:#000000">8,5</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFFF99;color:#000000">5,3</td><th scope="col" style="padding:0 5px">Ø</th><td scope="col" style="background-color:#FFCC66;color:#000000">10,3</td></tr><tr style="text-align:center"><td scope="col" style="text-align:left;font-size:85%">Padavine (mm)</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#002FA7;color:#FFFFFF">98,4</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#4169E1;color:#FFFFFF">80,2</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#8AB0FF;color:#000000">69,9</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#CFE8FF;color:#000000">45,8</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#F0F8FF;color:#000000">36,1</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#F0F8FF;color:#000000">34,0</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#F0F8FF;color:#000000">38,8</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#CFE8FF;color:#000000">47,8</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#8AB0FF;color:#000000">61,4</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#002FA7;color:#FFFFFF">96,9</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#000060;color:#FFFFFF">110,7</td><td scope="col" style="background-color:#00004F;color:#FFFFFF">123,9</td><th scope="col" style="padding:0 5px">Σ</th><td scope="col" style="background-color:#6495ED;color:#000000">843,9</td></tr><tr><td colspan="15"><table class="mw-collapsible" cellspacing="0" style="background:transparent;width:100%"><tbody><tr style="font-size:85%"><td style="padding:0">Temperatura u °C • padavine u mm</td><th style="padding:0;font-weight:normal;text-align:right">Dijagram:</th></tr><tr><td colspan="1" style="width:50%"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="width:100%;font-size:75%;background:#f8f8f8;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="13" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">Temperatura</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:bottom"><td style="border-left:1px solid #A9A9A9;border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:34.7px;width:15px;height:33.4px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:71.2px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">8,7</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:18.7px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">2,9</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:34.1px;width:15px;height:36.7px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:73.8px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">9,1</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:18.1px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">2,8</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:41.2px;width:15px;height:43.1px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:87.3px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">11,2</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:25.2px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">3,9</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:65.7px;width:15px;height:52.8px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:121.5px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">16,5</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:49.7px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">7,7</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:93.5px;width:15px;height:56.7px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:153.2px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">21,4</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:77.5px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">12,0</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:119.3px;width:15px;height:60.6px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:182.9px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">26,0</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:103.3px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">16,0</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:135.4px;width:15px;height:59.9px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:198.4px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">28,4</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:119.4px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">18,5</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:136.7px;width:15px;height:59.3px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:199px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">28,5</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:120.7px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">18,7</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:116.1px;width:15px;height:57.3px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:176.4px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">25,0</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:100.1px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">15,5</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:93.5px;width:15px;height:48.3px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:144.8px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">20,1</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:77.5px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">12,0</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:70.9px;width:15px;height:39.9px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:113.8px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">15,3</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:54.9px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">8,5</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:2;bottom:16px;width:17px;border-bottom:1px dotted #A9A9A9"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:50.2px;width:15px;height:33.4px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8e8e8;border-top:2px solid red;border-bottom:2px solid blue"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:86.7px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">11,1</div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:34.2px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">5,3</div></div></td></tr><tr style="background:#FFFFFF"><td></td><td style="text-align:center">jan</td><td style="text-align:center">feb</td><td style="text-align:center">mar</td><td style="text-align:center">apr</td><td style="text-align:center">maj</td><td style="text-align:center">jun</td><td style="text-align:center">jul</td><td style="text-align:center">aug</td><td style="text-align:center">sep</td><td style="text-align:center">okt</td><td style="text-align:center">nov</td><td style="text-align:center">dec</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td colspan="1" style="width:50%"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="width:100%;font-size:75%;background:#f8f8f8;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="13" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">Padavine</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:bottom"><td style="border-left:1px solid #A9A9A9;border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:158.8px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:161.8px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">98,4</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:129.5px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:132.5px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">80,2</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:112.8px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:115.8px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">69,9</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:73.9px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:76.9px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">45,8</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:58.3px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:61.3px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">36,1</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:54.9px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:57.9px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">34</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:62.6px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:65.6px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">38,8</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:77.2px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:80.2px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">47,8</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:99.1px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:102.1px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">61,4</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:156.4px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:159.4px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">96,9</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:178.7px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:181.7px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">110,7</div></div></td><td style="border-bottom:1px solid #A9A9A9"><div style="position:relative;z-index:100;margin:auto;width:17px;height:216px;padding:1px"><div style="position:absolute;z-index:1;left:2px;bottom:0px;width:15px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;background:#8AB0FF"></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:4;bottom:203px;width:17px;text-align:center;font-size:90%">123,9</div></div></td></tr><tr style="background:#FFFFFF"><td></td><td style="text-align:center">jan</td><td style="text-align:center">feb</td><td style="text-align:center">mar</td><td style="text-align:center">apr</td><td style="text-align:center">maj</td><td style="text-align:center">jun</td><td style="text-align:center">jul</td><td style="text-align:center">aug</td><td style="text-align:center">sep</td><td style="text-align:center">okt</td><td style="text-align:center">nov</td><td style="text-align:center">dec</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="15" style="font-size:85%">Izvor: <sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uređenje_grada_i_administrativna_podjela"><span id="Ure.C4.91enje_grada_i_administrativna_podjela"></span>Uređenje grada i administrativna podjela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak "Uređenje grada i administrativna podjela"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Uređenje grada i administrativna podjela"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članci: <a href="/wiki/Okruzi_Istanbula" title="Okruzi Istanbula">Okruzi Istanbula</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spisak_gradskih_kvartova_Istanbula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spisak gradskih kvartova Istanbula (stranica ne postoji)">Spisak gradskih kvartova Istanbula</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png/290px-Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png/435px-Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png/580px-Map_of_the_Districts_of_Istanbul.png 2x" data-file-width="2177" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>Okruzi Istanbula</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Taksim_Square_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taksim_Square_2012.jpg/220px-Taksim_Square_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taksim_Square_2012.jpg/330px-Taksim_Square_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taksim_Square_2012.jpg/440px-Taksim_Square_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063" /></a><figcaption>Pogled na <a href="/wiki/Trg_Taksim" title="Trg Taksim">Trg Taksim</a>, sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spomenik_republici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spomenik republici (stranica ne postoji)">Spomenikom republici</a>, podignutim 1928. u spomen na osnivanje Republike</figcaption></figure> <p>Od 2004. godine, općinske granice Istanbula se podudaraju sa granicom <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(provincija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Istanbul (provincija)">provincije Istanbul</a>. Gradom, koji je i glavni grad istoimene provincije, upravlja Istanbulska metropolitanska općina, koji nadzire 39 okruga grada, odnosno provincije. Trenutna struktura grada može se pratiti unatrag do reforme iz perioda tanzimata, gdje su se islamske sudije i imami nalazili na čelu grada a pod pokroviteljstvom velikog vezira. Usvajajući model francuskih gradova, ovaj vjerski sistem je zamijenjen gradonačelnikom i gradskim vijećem. </p><p>Tadašnje Pera (današnji Beyoğlu) je bila prva oblast grada koja je imala svog upravitelja i vijeće, a članovi su umjesto toga bili dugogodišnji stanovnici mahale,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> odnosno gradske četvrti. Zakoni doneseni nakon osmanlijskog ustava iz 1876. godine imali su za cilj proširenje ove strukture na cijeli grad, ali ova namjera nije u potpunosti implementirana sve do 1908. godine kada je grad proglašen pokrajinom koja se sastoji od devet okruga.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ovaj sistem se zadržao i nakon osnivanja Republike Turske, pri čemu je pokrajina preimenovana u belediju (općina), ali je sistem općina raspušten 1957. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gradsko_vije%C4%87e_Istanbula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gradsko vijeće Istanbula (stranica ne postoji)">Gradsko vijeće Istanbula</a> je odgovorno za upravljanjem mnogim funkcijama grad, uključujući upravljanje budžetom, održavanje civilne infrastrukture i upravljanjem muzejima i velikim kulturnim centrima. Budući da vlada djeluje prema principu <i>moćnijeg gradonačelnika, slabijeg vijeća“, vođa vijeća tj. gradonačelnik metropole ima ovlaštenje da donosi brze odluke, često na uštrb transparentnosti cijelog procesa. Općinsko vijeće savjetuje Izvršni odbor Metropolitanskog područja, iako odbor također ima ograničena ovlaštenja da samostalno donosi odluke. Sve predstavnike u odboru imenuju gradonačelnica i vijeće, a gradonačelnik je ujedno i predsjednik izvršnog odbora metropolitanskog područja Istanbula.</i> </p><p>Općinska vijeća su uglavnom odgovorna za upravljanje otpadom i građevinske projekte unutar svojih općina. Svaka općina ima svoj vlastiti budžet, iako gradonačelnik grada zadržava pravo da preispita odluke općine. Jedna petina svih članova općinskog vijeća, uključujući i načelnike općina, također su članovi Gradskog vijeće Istanbula. Svi članovi općinskih vijeća kao i gradskog vijeća, uključujući i gradonačelnika grada, biraju se na petogodišnji mandat. Ekrem İmamoğlu, član Republikanske narodne partije, je gradonačelnik Istanbula od 27. juna 2019. godine. </p><p>S obzirom na to da Metropolitansko područje Istanbula i pokrajina Istanbul imaju ekvivalentne jurisdikcije, malo odgovornosti ostaje za pokrajinsku vladu. Poput Metropolitanskog područja Istanbula, Specijalna pokrajinska administracija Istanbula ima guvernera, demokratski izabrano tijelo za donošenje odluka – Pokrajinski parlament – i imenovani Izvršni odbor. Uporedo sa izvršnim odborom na općinskom nivou, Pokrajinski izvršni odbor uključuje generalnog sekretara i rukovodioce resora koji savjetuju Pokrajinsku skupštinu.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dužnosti Pokrajinske uprave uglavnom su ograničene na izgradnju i održavanje škola, rezidencija, državnih zgrada i puteva, kao i na unapređenje umjetnosti, kulture i očuvanja prirode.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ali Yerlikaya je guverner Istanbulske pokrajine od 26. oktobra 2018. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Istanbul je teritorijalno podijeljen na 39 okruga (<a href="/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik">tur</a>:<i>Büyükşehir Belediyesi</i>), od kojih se 25 nalazi u evropskom, a 14 u azijskom dijelu grada: </p> <ul><li>Evropski dio:</li></ul> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnavutk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnavutköy (stranica ne postoji)">Arnavutköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avc%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avcılar (stranica ne postoji)">Avcılar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C4%9Fc%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bağcılar (stranica ne postoji)">Bağcılar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A7elievler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahçelievler (stranica ne postoji)">Bahçelievler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bak%C4%B1rk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakırköy (stranica ne postoji)">Bakırköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C5%9Fak%C5%9Fehir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Başakşehir (stranica ne postoji)">Başakşehir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayrampa%C5%9Fa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayrampaşa (stranica ne postoji)">Bayrampaşa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Be%C5%9Fikta%C5%9F" title="Beşiktaş">Beşiktaş</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylikd%C3%BCz%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beylikdüzü (stranica ne postoji)">Beylikdüzü</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beyo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beyoğlu (stranica ne postoji)">Beyoğlu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C3%A7ekmece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Büyükçekmece (stranica ne postoji)">Büyükçekmece</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87atalca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çatalca (stranica ne postoji)">Çatalca</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esenler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esenler (stranica ne postoji)">Esenler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esenyurt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esenyurt (stranica ne postoji)">Esenyurt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ey%C3%BCp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eyüp (stranica ne postoji)">Eyüp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatih" title="Fatih">Fatih</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaziosmanpa%C5%9Fa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaziosmanpaşa (stranica ne postoji)">Gaziosmanpaşa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCng%C3%B6ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Güngören (stranica ne postoji)">Güngören</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%9F%C4%B1thane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kağıthane (stranica ne postoji)">Kağıthane</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk%C3%A7ekmece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Küçükçekmece (stranica ne postoji)">Küçükçekmece</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sar%C4%B1yer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarıyer (stranica ne postoji)">Sarıyer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silivri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silivri (stranica ne postoji)">Silivri</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultangazi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultangazi (stranica ne postoji)">Sultangazi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şişli (stranica ne postoji)">Şişli</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeytinburnu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeytinburnu (stranica ne postoji)">Zeytinburnu</a> </p> <ul><li>Azijski dio:</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Adalar" title="Adalar">Adalar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ata%C5%9Fehir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ataşehir (stranica ne postoji)">Ataşehir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beykoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beykoz (stranica ne postoji)">Beykoz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87ekmek%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çekmeköy (stranica ne postoji)">Çekmeköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kartal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kartal (stranica ne postoji)">Kartal</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadıköy (stranica ne postoji)">Kadıköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maltepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maltepe (stranica ne postoji)">Maltepe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendik (stranica ne postoji)">Pendik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancaktepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sancaktepe (stranica ne postoji)">Sancaktepe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanbeyli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanbeyli (stranica ne postoji)">Sultanbeyli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şile (stranica ne postoji)">Şile</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuzla_(Istanbul)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuzla (Istanbul) (stranica ne postoji)">Tuzla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Cmraniye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ümraniye (stranica ne postoji)">Ümraniye</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Üsküdar (stranica ne postoji)">Üsküdar</a> </p><p>Okruzi su, kao dijelovi Istanbula istovremeno i gradovi, koji pripadaju pokrajini <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(pokrajina)" title="Istanbul (pokrajina)">Istanbul</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grb">Grb</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak "Grb"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Grb"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="box-Proširiti_sekciju plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ovaj odlomak <b>potrebno je proširiti</b>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografija">Demografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak "Demografija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Demografija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografija_Istanbula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografija Istanbula (stranica ne postoji)">Demografija Istanbula</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Dodatne informacije: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografija_Turske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografija Turske (stranica ne postoji)">Demografija Turske</a></div> <p>Tokom dužeg dijela svoje historije, Istanbul se nalazio među najvećim gradovima na svijetu.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oko 500. godine tadašnji Carigrad je imao između 400.000 i 500.000 stanovnika, prestigavši <a href="/wiki/Rim" title="Rim">Rim</a> na mjestu najmnogoljudnijeg grada. Na položaju najmnogoljudnijeg grada Konstantinopolj odnosno Istanbul se smjenjivao sa historijskim gradovima kao što su <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chang%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chang'an (stranica ne postoji)">Chang'an</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaifeng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaifeng (stranica ne postoji)">Kaifeng</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merv (stranica ne postoji)">Merv</a> sve do 12. vijeka. Nakon toga nikada se nije našao na poziciji najnaseljenijeg grada svijeta ali je ostao najveći grad Evrope od 1500. do 1750. godine, kada ga je prestigao <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cha463_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cha463-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prema procjeni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turski_zavod_za_statistiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turski zavod za statistiku (stranica ne postoji)">Turskog zavoda za statistiku</a> s kraja 2019. godine u metropolitanskom području Istanbula živjelo je 15.519.267 stanovnika što je oko 19 % ukupnog stanovništva zemlje.<sup id="cite_ref-tuikpop_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tuikpop-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Od toga, 64,4% stanovnika živi na evropskoj a 35,6% stanovništva na azijskoj strani grada.<sup id="cite_ref-tuikpop_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tuikpop-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kretanje broja stanovnika tokom perioda od 1925. do 2015. godine dat je u sljedećoj tabeli. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Godina</th> <th>Broj stanovnika </th></tr> <tr> <td>1925.</td> <td>881.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1927.</td> <td>691.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935.</td> <td>740.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940.</td> <td>793.900 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1945.</td> <td>845.300 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1950.</td> <td>983.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1960.</td> <td>1.459.500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965.</td> <td>1.743.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970.</td> <td>2.132.400 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975.</td> <td>2.547.400 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980.</td> <td>2.853.500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985.</td> <td>5.494.900 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990.</td> <td>6.620.200 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994.</td> <td>7.615.500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997.</td> <td>8.260.400 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000.</td> <td>8.831.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007.</td> <td>11.174.200 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015.</td> <td>14.657.434 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Poznat je također po tim što u njemu živi dosta <a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%A1njaci" title="Bošnjaci">Bošnjaka</a> koji su emigrirali u Tursku za vrijeme <a href="/wiki/Austro-Ugarska" title="Austro-Ugarska">austro-ugarske</a> okupacije. Isto tako je opjevan u mnogim bosanskim <a href="/wiki/Sevdalinka" title="Sevdalinka">sevdalinkama</a>. Jedna od njih je "U Stambolu na Bosforu." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politika">Politika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak "Politika"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Politika"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="box-Proširiti_sekciju plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ovaj odlomak <b>potrebno je proširiti</b>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3638947">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title category">Historijsko područje Istanbula</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="padding:0.2em; background:#ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Svjetska_ba%C5%A1tina" title="Svjetska baština">Svjetska baština</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg/220px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg/330px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg/440px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img45_Hagia_Sophia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5739" data-file-height="3228" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Aja Sofija</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Lokacija</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turska" title="Turska">Turska</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Kriterij</th><td class="infobox-data category">i, ii, iii, iv</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Referenca</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/356">356</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Uvrštenje</th><td class="infobox-data">1985. (9. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komitet_za_svjetsku_ba%C5%A1tinu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komitet za svjetsku baštinu (stranica ne postoji)">sjednica</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Površina</th><td class="infobox-data category">765.50 ha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Sajt</th><td class="infobox-data category"><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Svjetska_baština"><span id="Svjetska_ba.C5.A1tina"></span>Svjetska baština</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak "Svjetska baština"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Svjetska baština"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sa strategijskim položajem između Balkanskog poluostrva i Anadolije, Crnog mora i Mediterana, Istanbul je više od 2.000 godina središte velikih političkih, vjerskih i umjetničkih događanja. Bio je glavni grad Istočnog rimskog (ili Bizantijskog) i Osmanskog carstva. Univerzalna vrijednost Istanbula leži u njegovoj jedinstvenoj integraciji <a href="/wiki/Arhitektura" title="Arhitektura">arhitektonskih</a> remek-djela bizantijskih i osmanskih arhitekata koja odražavaju susret Evrope i Azije tokom mnogih vijekova.<sup id="cite_ref-turska_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turska-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historijski dio Istanbula je 2015. godine uvršten na listu <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>-ove <a href="/wiki/Svjetska_ba%C5%A1tina" title="Svjetska baština">svjetske baštine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uno_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uno-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg/220px-Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg/330px-Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg/440px-Istanbul_new_mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Istanbul</figcaption></figure> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1208px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama grada 1870. godine"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png/1200px-Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png" decoding="async" width="1200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png/1800px-Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Constantinople_Panoramic_Normalised.png" title="Datoteka:Constantinople Panoramic Normalised.png"> </a></div>Panorama grada <a href="/wiki/1870" class="mw-redirect" title="1870">1870</a>. godine</div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1208px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama grada, 1890. godine"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg/1200px-Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1200" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg/1800px-Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg/2400px-Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4350" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Galata_Kulesi_%27nden_panorama.jpg" title="Datoteka:Galata Kulesi 'nden panorama.jpg"> </a></div>Panorama grada, 1890. godine</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Privreda_i_infrastruktura">Privreda i infrastruktura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak "Privreda i infrastruktura"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Privreda i infrastruktura"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privreda">Privreda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak "Privreda"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Privreda"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="box-Proširiti_sekciju plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ovaj odlomak <b>potrebno je proširiti</b>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saobraćaj"><span id="Saobra.C4.87aj"></span>Saobraćaj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak "Saobraćaj"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Saobraćaj"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/220px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/330px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/440px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4782" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Most_sultana_Mehmeda_Osvaja%C4%8Da" title="Most sultana Mehmeda Osvajača">Most sultana Mehmeda Osvajača</a> je jedan od tri viseća mosta preko <a href="/wiki/Bosfor" title="Bosfor">Bosfora</a></figcaption></figure> <p>S obzirom na geografski položaj Istanbul je dobro prometno povezan sa ostalim dijelovima Turske. Također, kao svojevrsni <i>most</i> između Azije i Evrope, Istanbul je važno prometno čvorište ovog dijela svijeta. Glavni autoputevi koji se ukrštaju na području Istanbula su autoputevi O-1, O-2, O-3 i O-4 pri čemu autoput O-1 formira unutrašnji prsten, prolazeći <a href="/wiki/Most_%C5%A1ehida_15._jula" title="Most šehida 15. jula">Prvim istanbulskim mostom</a>. S druge strane, autoput O-2 prolazi Drugim bosforskim mostom, mostom <a href="/wiki/Most_sultana_Mehmeda_Osvaja%C4%8Da" title="Most sultana Mehmeda Osvajača">Mostom sultana Mehmeda Osvajača</a> i formira vanjski gradski prsten. Autoput O-2 nastavlja dalje na zapad prema gradu <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirni</a> dok se autoput O-4 proteže dalje prema glavnom turskom gradu <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankari</a>. Autoputevi O-2, O-3 i O-4 su dio međunarodnog koridora <a href="/wiki/Evropski_put_E80" title="Evropski put E80">E80</a> koji se proteže od portugalskog <a href="/wiki/Lisabon" title="Lisabon">Lisabona</a> do tursko-iranske granice. U 2011. godini zabilježen je dnevni promet preko prvog i drugog bosforskog mosta od oko 400.000 vozila. Treći bosforski most, <a href="/wiki/Most_sultana_Selima_I" title="Most sultana Selima I">most sultana Selima I</a> pušten je u promet 26. augusta 2006. godine. Pored tri bosforska mosta, od 20. decembra 2016. godine u funkciji je i <a href="/wiki/Tunel_Euroazija" title="Tunel Euroazija">Tunel Euroazija</a> u dužini od 14,6 kilometara koji prolazi ispod Bosfora i osigurava dodatni drumski prometni koridor između azijskog i evropskog dijela Istanbula. </p><p>Gradski sistem javnog prevoza u Istanbulu čini složena mreža <a href="/wiki/Tramvaj" title="Tramvaj">tramvaja</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uspinja%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uspinjača (stranica ne postoji)">uspinjača</a>, metroa, <a href="/wiki/Autobus" title="Autobus">autobusnog prijevoza</a>, metrobusa i trajekta. Cijene svih vrsta gradskog prijevoza su integrisane a koriste se beskontaktni sistemi Istanbulkart, uspostavljenog 2009. godine. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_tramvaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski tramvaj (stranica ne postoji)">Tramvajski sistem</a> u Istanbulu datira još od 1872. godine, kada su se za pogon koristili konji dok je prvi elektrificirani tramvaj pušten u promet 1960-ih godina. Tramvaji se polako vraćaju u grad devedesetih godina prošlog vijeka, uz uvođenje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_nostalgi%C4%8Dni_tramvaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski nostalgični tramvaj (stranica ne postoji)">nostalgičnog tramvaja</a> i brzih linija, koja trenutno dnevno opslužuje u prosjeku 265.000 putnika. Podzemna uspinjača je puštena u promet 1875. godine kao druga najstarija podzemna željeznička linija na svijetu (poslije londonske metropolitanske željeznice). Još uvijek se koristi i prevozi putnike između Karakoya i İstiklal avenije, duž staze dužine od 573 metara. Modernija uspinjača, između <a href="/wiki/Trg_Taksim" title="Trg Taksim">Trga Taksim</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabata%C5%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabataş (stranica ne postoji)">Kabataşa</a> u funkciji je od 2006. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zračni_promet"><span id="Zra.C4.8Dni_promet"></span>Zračni promet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi odlomak "Zračni promet"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Zračni promet"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istanbul opslužuju tri međunarodna aerodroma. <a href="/wiki/Aerodrom_%22Atat%C3%BCrk%22_Istanbul" title="Aerodrom "Atatürk" Istanbul">Aerodrom "Atatürk" Istanbul</a> se nalazi oko 24 kilometara zapadno od centra grada. Sa prometom od 61,3 miliona putnika u 2016. godini, četvrti je najprometniji aerodrom u Evropi i 11. u svijetu.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Drugi aerodrom u Istanbulu je <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_aerodrom_%22Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en%22" title="Međunarodni aerodrom "Sabiha Gökçen"">međunarodni aerodrom "Sabiha Gökçen"</a> koji se nalazi 45 kilometara jugoistočno od centra grada. Otvoren je za promet 2001. godine kako bi rasteretio aerodrom Ataturk. Ovim aerodromom dominiraju <a href="/wiki/Niskotarifna_aviokompanija" title="Niskotarifna aviokompanija">niskotarifne aviokompanije</a> </p><p>U 2012. godini, godinu dana nakon što je ga je <i>International Airport Council</i> proglasio najbrže rastućim aerodromom. Sa prometom od 31.385.841 putnika u 2016. godini aerodrom je među 50 najvećih aerodroma u svijetu. </p><p>Krajem 2018. godine otvoren je za upotrebu i treći aerodrom <a href="/wiki/Aerodrom_Istanbul" title="Aerodrom Istanbul">Aerodrom Istanbul</a> projektovan kao aerodrom sa najvećim mogućim kapacitetom na svijetu koji u toku godine može opslužiti 150 miliona putnika. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Podzemna_željeznica"><span id="Podzemna_.C5.BEeljeznica"></span>Podzemna željeznica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Uredi odlomak "Podzemna željeznica"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Podzemna željeznica"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Istanbulski_metro" title="Istanbulski metro">Istanbulski metro</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:M2_at_Levent_station.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/220px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/330px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/440px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Jedna od stanica <a href="/wiki/Istanbulski_metro" title="Istanbulski metro">Istanbulskog metroa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Istanbulski metro se danas sastoji od 5 linija naziva M1, M2, M3, M4 i M6 Mini-Metro linije. Najstarija linija istanbulskog metroa je linija M1 koja je operativna od 1989. godine. Dodatnih 8 linija je u fazi izgradnje ili se njihova izgradnja planira: linije M5 (Üsküdar-Çekmeköy/Sancaktepe) i M8 (Bostancı-Dudullu) na azijskoj strani grada, dok se izgradnja linija M7 (Kabataş-Mahmutbey) i M9 (Ataköy-İkitelli) planira u zapadnom dijelu, odnosno u evropskom dijelu Istanbula. Trenutno je u funkciji 82 stanice dok je njih 62 u izgradnji.<sup id="cite_ref-network_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-network-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dužina željezničke mreže metroa iznosi 105,8 km.<sup id="cite_ref-network_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-network-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Metroom upravlja javno preduzeće Metro Istanbul koje je u vlasništvu Istanbulske metropolitanske općine. </p><p>Prema podacima za 2015. godinu, Istanbulski metro je na godišnjem nivou prevezao 384,9 miliona putnika.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istanbulski metro je dobro povezan sa Marmarayom, podvodnim transkontinentalnim željezničkim tunelom, F1 uspinjačom i sa T1 tramvajskim sistemom koji operiše samo u evropskom dijelu grada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Uredi odlomak "Sport"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Sport"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sport_u_Istanbulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sport u Istanbulu (stranica ne postoji)">Sport u Istanbulu</a></div> <p>Istanbul kao najveći grad u Turskoj je dom mnogih sportskih kolektiva. Mnogi od njih su najveći i najvažniji klubovi u državi a neki igraju i važnu ulogu na međunarodnom nivou. S obzirom da je nogomet najvažniji sport u Turskoj nogometni klubovi poput <a href="/wiki/Be%C5%9Fikta%C5%9F_JK" title="Beşiktaş JK">Bešiktaš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray_SK" title="Galatasaray SK">Galatasaraya</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fenerbah%C3%A7e_SK" title="Fenerbahçe SK">Fenerbahçea</a> su najpopularniji i najtrofejniji turski nogometni klubovi. Osim toga košarkaški klubovi ovog grada kao što su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenerbah%C3%A7e_(ko%C5%A1arka%C5%A1ki_klub)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenerbahçe (košarkaški klub) (stranica ne postoji)">Fenerbahçe</a> i <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray_S.K." class="mw-redirect" title="Galatasaray S.K.">Galatasaray</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anadolu_Efes_S.K.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anadolu Efes S.K. (stranica ne postoji)">Anadolu Efes S.K.</a> su osvajači i evropskih kupova. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obrazovanje_i_nauka">Obrazovanje i nauka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Uredi odlomak "Obrazovanje i nauka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Obrazovanje i nauka"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obrazovanje_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obrazovanje u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Obrazovanje u Turskoj</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG/170px-Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG/255px-Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG/340px-Istanbul_University_cropped.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1491" data-file-height="1897" /></a><figcaption>Glavni ulaz <a href="/wiki/Univerzitet_u_Istanbulu" title="Univerzitet u Istanbulu">Univerziteta u Istanbulu</a>, najstarije tuske institucije, osnovan 1453.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Univerzitet_u_Istanbulu" title="Univerzitet u Istanbulu">Univerzitet u Istanbulu</a>, osnovan 1453. godine, najstarija je turska obrazovna institucija u gradu. Iako je prvobitno osnovan kao <a href="/wiki/Medresa" title="Medresa">Medresa</a>, tokom 19. vijeka osnovani su odjeli prava, medicine i nauke a i sekularizovan je nakon uspostave Turske Republike.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tehnički univerzitet u Istanbulu, osnovan 1773. godine, treći je takav univerzitet, posvećen isključivo proučavanju inženjerskih nauka na svijetu.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oba ova univerziteta u<a href="/wiki/Javni_univerzitet" title="Javni univerzitet">javni univerziteti</a> od ukupno 8 univerziteta koji egzistiraju u Istanbulu.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drugi važniji javni univerziteta u Istanbulu su: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Univerzitet_likovnih_umjetnosti_%27%27Mimar_Sinan%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univerzitet likovnih umjetnosti ''Mimar Sinan'' (stranica ne postoji)">Univerzitet likovnih umjetnosti ''Mimar Sinan''</a> likovnih umjetnosti Univerziteta, koji je do 1970-ih godina služio kao primarna turska institucija umjetnosti i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Univerziteta_Marmara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univerziteta Marmara (stranica ne postoji)">Univerziteta Marmara</a>, koji je treći najveći univerzitet u državi.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poznate_osobe">Poznate osobe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Uredi odlomak "Poznate osobe"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Poznate osobe"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="box-Proširiti_sekciju plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ovaj odlomak <b>potrebno je proširiti</b>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Također_pogledajte"><span id="Tako.C4.91er_pogledajte"></span>Također pogledajte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Uredi odlomak "Također pogledajte"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Također pogledajte"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad">Carigrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinopolj" title="Konstantinopolj">Konstantinopolj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Rim" title="Novi Rim">Novi Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerodrom_Istanbul-Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerodrom Istanbul-Sabiha Gökçen">Aerodrom Istanbul-Sabiha Gökçen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmaray" title="Marmaray">Marmaray</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Uredi odlomak "Reference"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Reference"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312388">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13425">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citypolution.de-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-citypolution.de_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3303350">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html">"Turkey: Provinces and Major Cities"</a>. <i>www.citytpopulation.de</i>. Citypopulation. 31. 12. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26. 6. 2015</span>. <q>The population of the Turkish cities and provinces according to census results and latest register-based tabulations</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.citytpopulation.de&rft.atitle=Turkey%3A+Provinces+and+Major+Cities&rft.date=2014-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2FTurkey-C20.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÇelik1993">Çelik 1993</a>, str. xv<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFÇelik1993 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maag1145-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-maag1145_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMastersÁgoston2009">Masters i Ágoston 2009</a>, str. 114–5<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMastersÁgoston2009 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDumperStanley2007">Dumper i Stanley 2007</a>, str. 320<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDumperStanley2007 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-euromonitor-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-euromonitor_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euromonitor.com/article/2023s-top-100-city-destinations-ranking-triumphs-and-turmoil-uncovered">"2023's Top 100 City Destinations Ranking: Triumphs and Turmoil Uncovered"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euromonitor_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euromonitor International (stranica ne postoji)">Euromonitor International</a></i>. 11 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Euromonitor+International&rft.atitle=2023%27s+Top+100+City+Destinations+Ranking%3A+Triumphs+and+Turmoil+Uncovered&rft.date=2023-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euromonitor.com%2Farticle%2F2023s-top-100-city-destinations-ranking-triumphs-and-turmoil-uncovered&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hisdic-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hisdic_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="bs" dir="ltr">Greška kod citiranja: Nevaljana oznaka <code><ref></code>; nije naveden tekst za reference s imenom <code>hisdic</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-oecd-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oecd_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecdbookshop.org/get-it.php?REF=5KZSL2MLL49Q&TYPE=browse"><i>OECD Territorial Reviews: Istanbul, Turkey</i></a>. Policy Briefs. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (stranica ne postoji)">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a>. March 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-92-64-04383-1" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-92-64-04383-1"><bdi>978-92-64-04383-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=OECD+Territorial+Reviews%3A+Istanbul%2C+Turkey&rft.series=Policy+Briefs&rft.pub=Organisation+for+Economic+Co-operation+and+Development&rft.date=2008-03&rft.isbn=978-92-64-04383-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecdbookshop.org%2Fget-it.php%3FREF%3D5KZSL2MLL49Q%26TYPE%3Dbrowse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Forum_of_Constantine-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Forum_of_Constantine_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.byzantium1200.com/forum-c.html">"Forum of Constantine"</a>. <i>www.byzantium1200.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 31. 1. 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.byzantium1200.com&rft.atitle=Forum+of+Constantine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.byzantium1200.com%2Fforum-c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Room-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Room_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Room_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Room 2006, str. 177</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Georgacas 1947, p. 352ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory 2010, pp. 62–3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Necipoğlu 2010, p. 262</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Masters & Ágoston 2009, p. 286</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFRainsford2009" class="citation news cs1">Rainsford, Sarah (10. 1. 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7820924.stm">"Istanbul's ancient past unearthed"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 14. 6. 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Istanbul%27s+ancient+past+unearthed&rft.date=2009-01-10&rft.aulast=Rainsford&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7820924.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFAlganYalçınÖzdoğanYılmaz2011" class="citation journal cs1">Algan, O.; Yalçın, M.N.K.; Özdoğan, M.; Yılmaz, Y.C.; Sarı, E.; Kırcı-Elmas, E.; Yılmaz, İ.; Bulkan, Ö.; Ongan, D.; Gazioğlu, C.; Nazik, A.; Polat, M.A.; Meriç, E. (2011). "Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history". <i>Quaternary Research</i>. <b>76</b>: 30. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifikator)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011QuRes..76...30A">2011QuRes..76...30A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2011.04.002">10.1016/j.yqres.2011.04.002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Research&rft.atitle=Holocene+coastal+change+in+the+ancient+harbor+of+Yenikap%C4%B1%E2%80%93%C4%B0stanbul+and+its+impact+on+cultural+history&rft.volume=76&rft.pages=30&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2011.04.002&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011QuRes..76...30A&rft.aulast=Algan&rft.aufirst=O.&rft.au=Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n%2C+M.N.K.&rft.au=%C3%96zdo%C4%9Fan%2C+M.&rft.au=Y%C4%B1lmaz%2C+Y.C.&rft.au=Sar%C4%B1%2C+E.&rft.au=K%C4%B1rc%C4%B1-Elmas%2C+E.&rft.au=Y%C4%B1lmaz%2C+%C4%B0.&rft.au=Bulkan%2C+%C3%96.&rft.au=Ongan%2C+D.&rft.au=Gazio%C4%9Flu%2C+C.&rft.au=Nazik%2C+A.&rft.au=Polat%2C+M.A.&rft.au=Meri%C3%A7%2C+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7820924.stm">BBC: "Istanbul's ancient past unearthed"</a> Published on 10 January 2007. Pristupljeno 14. 6. 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/10027341.asp?gid=229&sz=32429">"Bu keşif tarihi değiştirir"</a>. <i>hurriyet.com.tr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hurriyet.com.tr&rft.atitle=Bu+ke%C5%9Fif+tarihi+de%C4%9Fi%C5%9Ftirir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fgundem%2F10027341.asp%3Fgid%3D229%26sz%3D32429&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr/galeridetay.aspx?cid=16504&rid=2">"Marmaray kazılarında tarih gün ışığına çıktı"</a>. <i>fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr&rft.atitle=Marmaray+kaz%C4%B1lar%C4%B1nda+tarih+g%C3%BCn+%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1na+%C3%A7%C4%B1kt%C4%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fgaleridetay.aspx%3Fcid%3D16504%26rid%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912131044/http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF6169B43EA8C08474">"Cultural Details of Istanbul"</a>. Republic of Turkey, Minister of Culture and Tourism. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF6169B43EA8C08474">originala</a>, 12. 9. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 14. 6. 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cultural+Details+of+Istanbul&rft.pub=Republic+of+Turkey%2C+Minister+of+Culture+and+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kultur.gov.tr%2FEN%2FBelgeGoster.aspx%3F17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF6169B43EA8C08474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-janin-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-janin_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFJanin1964" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Janin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Janin (stranica ne postoji)">Janin, Raymond</a> (1964). <i>Constantinople byzantine</i>. Paris: Institut Français d'Études Byzantines. str. 10ff.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constantinople+byzantine&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=10ff&rft.pub=Institut+Fran%C3%A7ais+d%27%C3%89tudes+Byzantines&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Janin&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_odr%C5%BEavanje:_nepreporu%C4%8Deni_parametar" title="Kategorija:CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101063545/http://www.masseiana.org/pliny.htm#BOOK%20IV">"Pliny the Elder, book IV, chapter XI:<br /> "<i>On leaving the Dardanelles we come to the Bay of Casthenes, ... and the promontory of the Golden Horn, on which is the town of Byzantium, a free state, formerly called Lygos; it is 711 miles from Durazzo,</i> ...<span class="cs1-kern-right">"</span>"</a>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masseiana.org/pliny.htm#BOOK%20IV">originala</a>, 1. 1. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 14. 6. 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pliny+the+Elder%2C+book+IV%2C+chapter+XI%3A%3Cbr+%2F%3E+%22On+leaving+the+Dardanelles+we+come+to+the+Bay+of+Casthenes%2C+...+and+the+promontory+of+the+Golden+Horn%2C+on+which+is+the+town+of+Byzantium%2C+a+free+state%2C+formerly+called+Lygos%3B+it+is+711+miles+from+Durazzo%2C+...%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.masseiana.org%2Fpliny.htm%23BOOK%2520IV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ba222-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ba222_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ba222_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnes1981">Barnes 1981</a>, str. 222<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBarnes1981 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gr63-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gr63_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 63<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klwa171-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klwa171_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlimczukWarner2009">Klimczuk i Warner 2009</a>, str. 171<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKlimczukWarner2009 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFDash2012" class="citation web cs1">Dash, Mike (2. 3. 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120805185404/http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/history/2012/03/blue-versus-green-rocking-the-byzantine-empire/">"Blue Versus Green: Rocking the Byzantine Empire"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i>. The Smithsonian Institution. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/history/2012/03/blue-versus-green-rocking-the-byzantine-empire/">originala</a>, 5. 8. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 30. 7. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=Blue+Versus+Green%3A+Rocking+the+Byzantine+Empire&rft.date=2012-03-02&rft.aulast=Dash&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2F2012%2F03%2Fblue-versus-green-rocking-the-byzantine-empire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDahmus1995">Dahmus 1995</a>, str. 117<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDahmus1995 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCantor1994">Cantor 1994</a>, str. 226<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFCantor1994 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorris2010">Morris 2010</a>, str. 109–18<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMorris2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 324–29<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 330–33<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 340<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gregory_2010_341–42-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_2010_341–42_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_2010_341–42_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 341–42<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregory2010394–399-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregory2010394–399_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregory2010">Gregory 2010</a>, str. 394–399.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFGregory2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéhar199938_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBéhar1999">Béhar 1999</a>, str. 38.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFBéhar1999 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBideleuxJeffries199871_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBideleuxJeffries1998">Bideleux i Jeffries 1998</a>, str. 71.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFBideleuxJeffries1998 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inalcik, Halil. "The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 23, (1969): 229–49. p. 236</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis1977">Holt, Lambton i Lewis 1977</a>, str. 306–07<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHoltLambtonLewis1977 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hughes2020-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hughes2020_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hughes2020_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFHughes2018" class="citation book cs1">Hughes, Bettany (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/istanbultaleofth0000hugh"><i>Istanbul: A Tale of Three Cities</i></a>. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-1-78022-473-2" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-1-78022-473-2"><bdi>978-1-78022-473-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Istanbul%3A+A+Tale+of+Three+Cities&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78022-473-2&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Bettany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fistanbultaleofth0000hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-madden2020-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-madden2020_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-madden2020_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFMadden2017" class="citation book cs1">Madden, Thomas F. (7 November 2017). <i>Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World</i>. New York: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Knji%C5%BEni_izvori/978-0-14-312969-1" title="Posebno:Knjižni izvori/978-0-14-312969-1"><bdi>978-0-14-312969-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Istanbul%3A+City+of+Majesty+at+the+Crossroads+of+the+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft.isbn=978-0-14-312969-1&rft.aulast=Madden&rft.aufirst=Thomas+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071008104939/http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">"Extreme Temperature Records Worldwide - Istanbul"</a>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">originala</a>, 8. 10. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extreme+Temperature+Records+Worldwide+-+Istanbul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteorologyclimate.com%2Fextreme-temperature-records.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729111809/http://www.worldweather.org/014/c00047.htm">"[[Svjetska meteorološka organizacija]] ([[Ujedinjeni narodi|UN]])"</a>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldweather.org/014/c00047.htm">originala</a>, 29. 7. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%26%2391%3B%26%2391%3BSvjetska+meteorolo%C5%A1ka+organizacija%26%2393%3B%26%2393%3B+%28%26%2391%3B%26%2391%3BUjedinjeni+narodi%7CUN%26%2393%3B%26%2393%3B%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldweather.org%2F014%2Fc00047.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT004370">"BBC Weather Centre - Istanbul"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060518023851/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT004370">Arhivirano</a> s originala, 18. 5. 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 18. 5. 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Weather+Centre+-+Istanbul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fweather%2Fworld%2Fcity_guides%2Fresults.shtml%3Ftt%3DTT004370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331072105/http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL">"Yıllık Toplam Yağış Verileri - İstanbul (Data of the total annual precipitacion of Istanbul)"</a>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL">originala</a>, 31. 3. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k+Toplam+Ya%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9F+Verileri+-+%C4%B0stanbul+%28Data+of+the+total+annual+precipitacion+of+Istanbul%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteor.gov.tr%2Fveridegerlendirme%2Fyillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx%3Fm%3DISTANBUL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGül2012">Gül 2012</a>, str. 43–49<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGül2012 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÇelik1993">Çelik 1993</a>, str. 42–48<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFÇelik1993 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKapucuPalabiyik2008">Kapucu i Palabiyik 2008</a>, str. 145<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKapucuPalabiyik2008 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaşan-Kok2004">Taşan-Kok 2004</a>, str. 87<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTaşan-Kok2004 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111126141113/http://www.ioi.gov.tr/index.php?yol=0_1_124">"Organizasyon"</a> [Organization] (jezik: turski). Istanbul Special Provincial Administration. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ioi.gov.tr/index.php?yol=0_1_124">originala</a>, 26. 11. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 21. 12. 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organizasyon&rft.pub=Istanbul+Special+Provincial+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ioi.gov.tr%2Findex.php%3Fyol%3D0_1_124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOrganisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development2008">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2008</a>, str. 206<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFOrganisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development2008 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180712153304/http://www.istanbul.gov.tr/en/governorship-of-istanbul/governor-of-istanbul">"Governor of Istanbul"</a>. Governorship of Istanbul. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istanbul.gov.tr/istanbul-valisi-ali-yerlikaya">originala</a>, 12. 7. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 23. 10. 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governor+of+Istanbul&rft.pub=Governorship+of+Istanbul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.istanbul.gov.tr%2Fistanbul-valisi-ali-yerlikaya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorris2010">Morris 2010</a>, str. 113<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMorris2010 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cha463-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cha463_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChandler1987">Chandler 1987</a>, str. 463–505<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFChandler1987 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Kategorija:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tuikpop-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tuikpop_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tuikpop_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=The-Results-of-Address-Based-Population-Registration-System-2019-33705">"The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2019"</a>. <i>data.tuik.gov.tr</i>. Istanbul, Turkey: Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. 4. 2. 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 12. 12. 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.tuik.gov.tr&rft.atitle=The+Results+of+Address+Based+Population+Registration+System%2C+2019&rft.date=2020-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.tuik.gov.tr%2FBulten%2FIndex%3Fp%3DThe-Results-of-Address-Based-Population-Registration-System-2019-33705&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/356">UNESCO</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turska-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turska_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/tr">"Turska, spomenici upisani na listu svjetske baštine"</a>. <i>UNESCO: Svjetska baština</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 19. 1. 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO%3A+Svjetska+ba%C5%A1tina&rft.atitle=Turska%2C+spomenici+upisani+na+listu+svjetske+ba%C5%A1tine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Ftr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uno-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-uno_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/356">"Historijski dio Istanbula"</a>. <i>UNESCO - whc.unesco.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 1. 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO+-+whc.unesco.org&rft.atitle=Historijski+dio+Istanbula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426155005/http://www.aci.aero/News/Releases/Most-Recent/2017/04/19/ACI-releases-preliminary-2016-world-airport-traffic-rankingsRobust-gains-in-passenger-traffic-at-hub-airports-serving-transPacific-and-East-Asian-routes">"ACI releases preliminary 2016 world airport traffic rankings—Robust gains in passenger traffic at hub airports serving trans-Pacific and East Asian routes"</a>. <i>www.aci.aero</i>. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aci.aero/News/Releases/Most-Recent/2017/04/19/ACI-releases-preliminary-2016-world-airport-traffic-rankingsRobust-gains-in-passenger-traffic-at-hub-airports-serving-transPacific-and-East-Asian-routes">originala</a>, 26. 4. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 9. 7. 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aci.aero&rft.atitle=ACI+releases+preliminary+2016+world+airport+traffic+rankings%E2%80%94Robust+gains+in+passenger+traffic+at+hub+airports+serving+trans-Pacific+and+East+Asian+routes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aci.aero%2FNews%2FReleases%2FMost-Recent%2F2017%2F04%2F19%2FACI-releases-preliminary-2016-world-airport-traffic-rankingsRobust-gains-in-passenger-traffic-at-hub-airports-serving-transPacific-and-East-Asian-routes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-network-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-network_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-network_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180401095753/http://www.metro.istanbul/rayl%C4%B1-sistemler.aspx">"Raylı Sistemler"</a> [Rail Systems] (jezik: Turkish). Metro İstanbul. 2016. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metro.istanbul/rayl%C4%B1-sistemler.aspx">originala</a>, 1. 4. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 1. 8. 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rayl%C4%B1+Sistemler&rft.pub=Metro+%C4%B0stanbul&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metro.istanbul%2Frayl%25C4%25B1-sistemler.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_odr%C5%BEavanje:_nepoznati_jezik" title="Kategorija:CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/istanbulda-rayli-sistem-tasimaciligi-rekor-kirdi-40046426">"İstanbul'da raylı sistem taşımacılığı rekor kırdı"</a>. <i>Hürriyet</i> (jezik: Turkish). 28. 1. 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 17. 8. 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet&rft.atitle=%C4%B0stanbul%27da+rayl%C4%B1+sistem+ta%C5%9F%C4%B1mac%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1+rekor+k%C4%B1rd%C4%B1&rft.date=2016-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fistanbulda-rayli-sistem-tasimaciligi-rekor-kirdi-40046426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_odr%C5%BEavanje:_nepoznati_jezik" title="Kategorija:CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113023624/http://www2.istanbul.edu.tr/english/?p=68">"History"</a>. Istanbul University. 11. 8. 2011. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.istanbul.edu.tr/english/?p=68">originala</a>, 13. 11. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 20. 8. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Istanbul+University&rft.date=2011-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.istanbul.edu.tr%2Fenglish%2F%3Fp%3D68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618160944/http://www.itu.edu.tr/en/?about%2Fhistory">"History"</a>. Istanbul Technical University. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.edu.tr/en/?about/history">originala</a>, 18. 6. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 4. 7. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Istanbul+Technical+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itu.edu.tr%2Fen%2F%3Fabout%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111116042221/http://www.best.eu.org/student/education/universityProfile.jsp?universityPtr=7h066pc">"University Profile: Istanbul Technical University, Turkey"</a>. Board of European Students of Technology. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.best.eu.org/student/education/universityProfile.jsp?universityPtr=7h066pc">originala</a>, 16. 11. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 30. 3. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+Profile%3A+Istanbul+Technical+University%2C+Turkey&rft.pub=Board+of+European+Students+of+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.best.eu.org%2Fstudent%2Feducation%2FuniversityProfile.jsp%3FuniversityPtr%3D7h066pc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111130014739/http://www.yok.gov.tr/en/content/view/761/lang%2Ctr">"State Universities"</a>. The Turkish Council of Higher Education. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yok.gov.tr/en/content/view/761/lang,tr/">originala</a>, 30. 11. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 30. 3. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Universities&rft.pub=The+Turkish+Council+of+Higher+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yok.gov.tr%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F761%2Flang%2Ctr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120630160301/http://www.marmara.edu.tr/en/information/general-information">"About Marmara"</a>. Marmara University. Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marmara.edu.tr/en/information/general-information">originala</a>, 30. 6. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 4. 7. 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Marmara&rft.pub=Marmara+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marmara.edu.tr%2Fen%2Finformation%2Fgeneral-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AIstanbul" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjski_linkovi">Vanjski linkovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Uredi odlomak "Vanjski linkovi"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Vanjski linkovi"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3627399">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3486241">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons logo"><img alt="Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons logo</figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Po%C4%8Detna_strana" class="extiw" title="commons:Početna strana">Commons</a> ima datoteke na temu: <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul?uselang=bs">Istanbul </a></span></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3627399"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3486241"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo Commonsa"><img alt="Logo Commonsa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Logo Commonsa</figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Istanbul">Istanbul</a></b> na Wikimedia Commonsu.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx">Zvanična stranica grada Istanbula</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061222171620/http://english.istanbul.gov.tr/">Zvanična stranica Vlade Istanbula</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.picturesofislam.com/istanbul.htm">Slike Istanbula</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060630010239/http://www.picturesofislam.com/istanbul.htm">Arhivirano</a> 30. 6. 2006. na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Evropski_glavni_gradovi_kulture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312386">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-pogledaj"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Evropski_gradovi_kulture" title="Šablon:Evropski gradovi kulture"><abbr title="Pogledaj šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Evropski_gradovi_kulture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Evropski gradovi kulture (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovor o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Evropski_gradovi_kulture&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Evropski_glavni_gradovi_kulture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Evropski_glavni_grad_kulture" title="Evropski glavni grad kulture">Evropski glavni gradovi kulture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Firenca" title="Firenca">Firenca</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Zapadni_Berlin" title="Zapadni Berlin">Zapadni Berlin</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariz</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Antwerpen" title="Antwerpen">Antwerpen</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Lisabon" title="Lisabon">Lisabon</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen" title="Kopenhagen">Kopenhagen</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Solun" title="Solun">Solun</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bruxelles" title="Bruxelles">Bruxelles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prag" title="Prag">Prag</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krakov" title="Krakov">Krakov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avignon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avignon (stranica ne postoji)">Avignon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruges (stranica ne postoji)">Bruges</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salamanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salamanca (stranica ne postoji)">Salamanca</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Genova" title="Genova">Genova</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lille (stranica ne postoji)">Lille</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cork_(grad)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cork (grad) (stranica ne postoji)">Cork</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patras (stranica ne postoji)">Patras</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibiu_(grad)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibiu (grad) (stranica ne postoji)">Sibiu</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pe%C4%8Duh" title="Pečuh">Pečuh</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Istanbul</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turku (stranica ne postoji)">Turku</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guimar%C3%A3es&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guimarães (stranica ne postoji)">Guimarães</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mons (stranica ne postoji)">Mons</a> / <a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Sebasti%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Sebastián (stranica ne postoji)">San Sebastián</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wroc%C5%82aw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrocław (stranica ne postoji)">Wrocław</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paphos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paphos (stranica ne postoji)">Paphos</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leeuwarden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leeuwarden (stranica ne postoji)">Leeuwarden</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plovdiv (stranica ne postoji)">Plovdiv</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matera (stranica ne postoji)">Matera</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_(grad)" title="Rijeka (grad)">Rijeka</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galway (stranica ne postoji)">Galway</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Temi%C5%A1var" title="Temišvar">Temišvar</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elefsina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elefsina (stranica ne postoji)">Elefsina</a> / <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esch-sur-Alzette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esch-sur-Alzette (stranica ne postoji)">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veszpr%C3%A9m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veszprém (stranica ne postoji)">Veszprém</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bad_Ischl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bad Ischl (stranica ne postoji)">Bad Ischl</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bod%C3%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bodø (stranica ne postoji)">Bodø</a></li> <li>2025: <a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizia (stranica ne postoji)">Gorizia</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemnitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemnitz (stranica ne postoji)">Chemnitz</a></li> <li>2026: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oulu (stranica ne postoji)">Oulu</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trenčín (stranica ne postoji)">Trenčín</a></li> <li>2027: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liep%C4%81ja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liepāja (stranica ne postoji)">Liepāja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Evropske_prijestonice_sporta" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3312386"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-pogledaj"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Evropske_prijestonice_sporta" title="Šablon:Evropske prijestonice sporta"><abbr title="Pogledaj šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Evropske_prijestonice_sporta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Evropske prijestonice sporta (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovor o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Evropske_prijestonice_sporta&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Evropske_prijestonice_sporta" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evropske_prijestonice_sporta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evropske prijestonice sporta (stranica ne postoji)">Evropske prijestonice sporta</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Alicante" title="Alicante">Alicante</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen" title="Kopenhagen">Kopenhagen</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Var%C5%A1ava" title="Varšava">Varšava</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></li> <li>2012: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Istanbul</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Antwerpen" title="Antwerpen">Antwerpen</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">Torino</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Prag" title="Prag">Prag</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Sofija" title="Sofija">Sofija</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Budimpe%C5%A1ta" title="Budimpešta">Budimpešta</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1laga" title="Málaga">Málaga</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Lisabon" title="Lisabon">Lisabon</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Den_Haag" title="Den Haag">Den Haag</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Genova" title="Genova">Genova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Istanbul" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3312386"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-pogledaj"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Istanbul" title="Šablon:Istanbul"><abbr title="Pogledaj šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Istanbul (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovor o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Istanbul&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Istanbul" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Istanbul</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crkva" title="Crkva">Crkve</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armeni_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armeni u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Armenska</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenska_patrijar%C5%A1ija_Konstantinopolja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armenska patrijaršija Konstantinopolja (stranica ne postoji)">Armenska patrijaršija Konstantinopolja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenska_katoli%C4%8Dka_crkva_Surp_Yerrortutyun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armenska katolička crkva Surp Yerrortutyun (stranica ne postoji)">Armenska katolička crkva Surp Yerrortutyun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grci_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grci u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Grčka</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aja_Irena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aja Irena (stranica ne postoji)">Aja Irena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aja_Sofija" title="Aja Sofija">Aja Sofija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mala_Aja_Sofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mala Aja Sofija (stranica ne postoji)">Mala Aja Sofija</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manjine_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manjine u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Ostali</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugarska_crkva_svetog_Stefana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bugarska crkva svetog Stefana (stranica ne postoji)">Bugarska crkva svetog Stefana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crkva_svetog_Antonija_Padovanskog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crkva svetog Antonija Padovanskog (stranica ne postoji)">Crkva svetog Antonija Padovanskog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spisak_d%C5%BEamija_u_Istanbulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spisak džamija u Istanbulu (stranica ne postoji)">Džamije</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Ertu%C4%9Frul_Tekke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Ertuğrul Tekke (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Ertuğrul Tekke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijska_arhitektura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijska arhitektura (stranica ne postoji)">Barok</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Altunizade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Altunizade (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Altunizade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Dolmabah%C4%8De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Dolmabahče (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Dolmabahče</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Nusretije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Nusretije (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Nusretije</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Laleli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Laleli (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Laleli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Ortakoy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Ortakoy (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Ortakoy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Te%C5%A1vikije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Tešvikije (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Tešvikije</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijska_arhitektura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijska arhitektura (stranica ne postoji)">Klasični stil</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Atik_Valide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Atik Valide (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Atik Valide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Bajazida_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Bajazida II (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Bajazida II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEamija_Selimija" title="Džamija Selimija">Džamija Selimija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_sultana_Ejupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija sultana Ejupa (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija sultana Ejupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87aml%C4%B1ca_d%C5%BEamija" title="Çamlıca džamija">Çamlıca džamija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nova_d%C5%BEamija_(Istanbul)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nova džamija (Istanbul) (stranica ne postoji)">Nova džamija </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulejmanija_d%C5%BEamija" title="Sulejmanija džamija">Sulejmanija džamija</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijska_arhitektura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijska arhitektura (stranica ne postoji)">Gotički stil</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arapska_d%C5%BEamija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arapska džamija (stranica ne postoji)">Arapska džamija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_sultanije_Pertevniyal_Valide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija sultanije Pertevniyal Valide (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija sultanije Pertevniyal Valide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEamija_Selimija" title="Džamija Selimija">Džamija Selimija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Jildiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Jildiz (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Jildiz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijska_arhitektura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijska arhitektura (stranica ne postoji)">Modernistički stil</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_Sancaklar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Sancaklar (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Sancaklar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEamija_%C5%A0akirin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džamija Šakirin (stranica ne postoji)">Džamija Šakirin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Festivali_i_doga%C4%91aji_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Festivali i događaji u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Festivali i događaji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Festivali_i_doga%C4%91aji_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Festivali i događaji u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Festivali i događaji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurban-bajram" title="Kurban-bajram">Kurban-bajram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulsko_bijenale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulsko bijenale (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulsko bijenale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_film_festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski film festival (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski film festival</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_jazz_festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski jazz festival (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski jazz festival</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_maraton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski maraton (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski maraton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_%C5%A1oping_fest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski šoping fest (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski šoping fest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Me%C4%91unarodni_istanbulski_muzi%C4%8Dki_festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Međunarodni istanbulski muzički festival (stranica ne postoji)">Međunarodni istanbulski muzički festival</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_festival_tulipana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski festival tulipana (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski festival tulipana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramazanski_bajram" title="Ramazanski bajram">Ramazanski bajram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koncertne_dvorane_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koncertne dvorane u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Koncerti</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aja_Irena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aja Irena (stranica ne postoji)">Aja Irena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Babylon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babylon (stranica ne postoji)">Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BJK_Akatlar_Arena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BJK Akatlar Arena (stranica ne postoji)">BJK Akatlar Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bostanc%C4%B1_Show_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bostancı Show Center (stranica ne postoji)">Bostancı Show Center</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cemil_Topuzlu_Open-Air_Theatre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre (stranica ne postoji)">Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cemal_Re%C5%9Fit_Rey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cemal Reşit Rey (stranica ne postoji)">Cemal Reşit Rey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centar_kulture_Atat%C3%BCrk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centar kulture Atatürk (stranica ne postoji)">Centar kulture Atatürk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%BCtfi_K%C4%B1rdar_Exhibition_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lütfi Kırdar Exhibition Center (stranica ne postoji)">Lütfi Kırdar Exhibition Center </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ora_Arena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ora Arena (stranica ne postoji)">Ora Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCreyya_Opera_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Süreyya Opera House (stranica ne postoji)">Süreyya Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuru%C3%A7e%C5%9Fme_Arena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuruçeşme Arena (stranica ne postoji)">Kuruçeşme Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Clker_Sports_and_Event_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ülker Sports and Event Hall (stranica ne postoji)">Ülker Sports and Event Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zorlu_PSM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zorlu PSM (stranica ne postoji)">Zorlu PSM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teatar_Naum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teatar Naum (stranica ne postoji)">Teatar Naum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzeji_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzeji u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Muzeji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzeji_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzeji u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Historijski</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knji%C5%BEevni_muzej_Orhana_Kemala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Književni muzej Orhana Kemala (stranica ne postoji)">Književni muzej Orhana Kemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literarni_muzej-biblioteka_Ahmet_Hamdi_Tanp%C4%B1nar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literarni muzej-biblioteka Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (stranica ne postoji)">Literarni muzej-biblioteka Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Adama_Mickiewicza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Adama Mickiewicza (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Adama Mickiewicza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_A%C5%9Fiyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Aşiyan (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Aşiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Atat%C3%BCrka_(%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Atatürka (Şişli) (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Atatürka (Şişli)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_H%C3%BCseyin_Rahmi_G%C3%BCrp%C4%B1nar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_nevinosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej nevinosti (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej nevinosti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Piyer_Loti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Piyer Loti (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Piyer Loti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Sait_Faik_Abas%C4%B1yan%C4%B1k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Sait Faik Abasıyanık (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Sait Faik Abasıyanık</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomorski_paviljon_Atat%C3%BCrka_u_Flory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomorski paviljon Atatürka u Flory (stranica ne postoji)">Pomorski paviljon Atatürka u Flory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zavi%C4%8Dajni_muzej_%C4%B0smeta_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zavičajni muzej İsmeta İnönüa (stranica ne postoji)">Zavičajni muzej İsmeta İnönüa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tvrđave</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anadolijski_hisar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anadolijski hisar (stranica ne postoji)">Anadolijski hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carigradski_bedemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carigradski bedemi (stranica ne postoji)">Carigradski bedemi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvorac_Yoros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvorac Yoros (stranica ne postoji)">Dvorac Yoros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvorac_Riva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvorac Riva (stranica ne postoji)">Dvorac Riva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edirne_kapija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edirne kapija (stranica ne postoji)">Edirne kapija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumelijski_hisar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumelijski hisar (stranica ne postoji)">Rumelijski hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utvr%C4%91enje_Yedikule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utvrđenje Yedikule (stranica ne postoji)">Utvrđenje Yedikule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzeji_u_Turskoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzeji u Turskoj (stranica ne postoji)">Umjetnički</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_arheolo%C5%A1ki_muzej&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski arheološki muzej (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski arheološki muzej</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_dr%C5%BEavni_muzej_umjetnosti_i_skulpture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski državni muzej umjetnosti i skulpture (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski državni muzej umjetnosti i skulpture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_muzej_igra%C4%8Daka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski muzej igračaka (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski muzej igračaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_muzej_moderne_umjetnosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski muzej moderne umjetnosti (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski muzej moderne umjetnosti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulski_muzej_savremene_umjetnosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulski muzej savremene umjetnosti (stranica ne postoji)">Istanbulski muzej savremene umjetnosti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniat%C3%BCrk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miniatürk (stranica ne postoji)">Miniatürk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Do%C4%9Fan%C3%A7ay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Doğançay (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Doğançay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Elgiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Elgiz (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Elgiz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Fenerbah%C3%A7e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Fenerbahçe (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Fenerbahçe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Galatasaray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Galatasaray (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Galatasaray</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej İşbank (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej İşbank</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_anti%C4%8Dkog_orjenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej antičkog orjenta (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej antičkog orjenta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_mozaika_Velike_pala%C4%8De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej mozaika Velike palače (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej mozaika Velike palače</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Prin%C4%8Devskih_ostrva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Prinčevskih ostrva (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Prinčevskih ostrva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijska_banka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijska banka (stranica ne postoji)">Osmanlijska banka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanlijske_pala%C4%8De_u_Istanbulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanlijske palače u Istanbulu (stranica ne postoji)">Palače i paviljoni</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Palače</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beglerbegovska_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beglerbegovska palača (stranica ne postoji)">Beglerbegovska palača</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Ciragan_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čiragan palača (stranica ne postoji)">Čiragan palača</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dolmabah%C4%8De_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dolmabahče palača (stranica ne postoji)">Dolmabahče palača</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jildiz_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jildiz palača (stranica ne postoji)">Jildiz palača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topkapi_saraj" title="Topkapi saraj">Topkapi saraj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paviljoni</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajnal%C4%B1kavak_paviljon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajnalıkavak paviljon (stranica ne postoji)">Ajnalıkavak paviljon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paviljon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paviljon (stranica ne postoji)">paviljon </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centemir_pala%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centemir palača (stranica ne postoji)">Centemir palača</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzej_Sadberk_Han%C4%B1m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzej Sadberk Hanım (stranica ne postoji)">Muzej Sadberk Hanım</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala%C4%8Da_Adile_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palača Adile Sultan (stranica ne postoji)">Palača Adile Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala%C4%8Da_Esma_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palača Esma Sultan (stranica ne postoji)">Palača Esma Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala%C4%8Da_Ferije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palača Ferije (stranica ne postoji)">Palača Ferije</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala%C4%8Da_Hatid%C5%BEe_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palača Hatidže Sultan (stranica ne postoji)">Palača Hatidže Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala%C4%8Da_Hediv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palača Hediv (stranica ne postoji)">Palača Hediv</a></li> <li><a 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