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Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold - Wikipedia
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id="toc-Eric_Harris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eric_Harris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Eric Harris</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eric_Harris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dylan_Klebold" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dylan_Klebold"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dylan Klebold</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dylan_Klebold-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Background subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Personalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friendship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friendship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Friendship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friendship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Columbine_High_School" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Columbine_High_School"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Columbine High School</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Columbine_High_School-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Initial_criminal_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_criminal_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Initial criminal activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_criminal_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hitmen_for_Hire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hitmen_for_Hire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span><i>Hitmen for Hire</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hitmen_for_Hire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquiring_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquiring_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Acquiring arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquiring_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Massacre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massacre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Massacre</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Massacre-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Massacre subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Massacre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Suicide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suicide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Suicide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suicide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suggested_rationales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suggested_rationales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Suggested rationales</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Suggested_rationales-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Suggested rationales subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Suggested_rationales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bullying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bullying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Bullying</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bullying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journals_and_investigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journals_and_investigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Journals and investigation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journals_and_investigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_accounts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_accounts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Media accounts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_accounts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychological_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychological_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>Psychological analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychological_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lawsuits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lawsuits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lawsuits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lawsuits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reaction_of_Sue_Klebold" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reaction_of_Sue_Klebold"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reaction of Sue Klebold</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reaction_of_Sue_Klebold-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Copycats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copycats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Copycats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copycats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fandom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fandom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Fandom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fandom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_about_the_duo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_about_the_duo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Media about the duo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_about_the_duo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiction_inspired_by_the_duo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiction_inspired_by_the_duo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Fiction inspired by the duo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiction_inspired_by_the_duo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Ерик Харис и Дилън Клиболд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ерик Харис и Дилън Клиболд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_og_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris og Dylan Klebold – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eric Harris og Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_ja_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris ja Dylan Klebold – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eric Harris ja Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_y_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris y Dylan Klebold – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eric Harris y Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="اریک هریس و دیلان کلبولد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اریک هریس و دیلان کلبولد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_et_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris et Dylan Klebold – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eric Harris et Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A6%AD_%ED%95%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EC%99%80_%EB%94%9C%EB%9F%B0_%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%EB%B3%BC%EB%93%9C" title="에릭 해리스와 딜런 클리볼드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에릭 해리스와 딜런 클리볼드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D6%87_%D4%BF%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A4" title="Հարիս և Կլիբոլդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարիս և Կլիբոլդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_i_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris i Dylan Klebold – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Eric Harris i Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_e_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris e Dylan Klebold – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eric Harris e Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%81%A8%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="エリック・ハリスとディラン・クレボルド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エリック・ハリスとディラン・クレボルド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_og_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris og Dylan Klebold – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eric Harris og Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_i_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris i Dylan Klebold – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eric Harris i Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_e_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris e Dylan Klebold – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eric Harris e Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Харрис и Клиболд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Харрис и Клиболд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_and_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_ja_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris ja Dylan Klebold – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eric Harris ja Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_och_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris och Dylan Klebold – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eric Harris och Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_ve_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris ve Dylan Klebold – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eric Harris ve Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%96_%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Ерік Гарріс і Ділан Кліболд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ерік Гарріс і Ділан Кліболд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Harris_v%C3%A0_Dylan_Klebold" title="Eric Harris và Dylan Klebold – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eric Harris và Dylan Klebold" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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For other people, see <a href="/wiki/Eric_Harris_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Eric Harris (disambiguation)">Eric Harris (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:310px;max-width:310px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eric_Harris.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Eric_Harris.JPG/150px-Eric_Harris.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f0/Eric_Harris.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="211" data-file-height="289" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:154px;max-width:154px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dylan_Klebold.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Dylan_Klebold.JPG/152px-Dylan_Klebold.JPG" decoding="async" width="152" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/08/Dylan_Klebold.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="287" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="infobox-caption">Harris <i>(left)</i> and Klebold <i>(right)</i> in their 1999 senior year portraits</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Eric David Harris<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1981-04-09</span>)</span>April 9, 1981<br /><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a>, U.S.<hr />Dylan Bennet Klebold<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1981-09-11</span>)</span>September 11, 1981<br /><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Colorado" title="Lakewood, Colorado">Lakewood, Colorado</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1999-04-20</span>)</span>April 20, 1999 (aged 18 and 17)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Columbine,_Colorado" title="Columbine, Colorado">Columbine, Colorado</a>, U.S. (both)<sup id="cite_ref-CDPmap_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDPmap-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suicide_methods#Shooting" title="Suicide methods">Suicide by gunshot wound</a> (both)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School" title="Columbine High School">Columbine High School</a> (both)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><b>Harris:</b> Shift leader at <a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Pizza" title="Blackjack Pizza">Blackjack Pizza</a><br /><b>Klebold:</b> Cook at Blackjack Pizza</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Harris:</b> Wayne Harris and Katherine Poole<br /><b>Klebold:</b> Thomas Klebold and <a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Susan Yassenoff</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">April 20, 1999<br /><span class="nowrap">11:19 a.m. – 12:08 p.m.</span> <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Time_Zone" title="Mountain Time Zone">MDT</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−6</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Location(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School" title="Columbine High School">Columbine High School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Target(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Students and staff at <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School" title="Columbine High School">Columbine High School</a>; <a href="/wiki/First_responder" title="First responder">first responders</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Killed</th><td class="infobox-data">13 (total); 8 by Harris and 5 by Klebold</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Injured</th><td class="infobox-data">24 (3 indirectly; combined total)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Weapons</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Harris:</b> <a href="/wiki/Hi-Point_carbine" title="Hi-Point carbine">Hi-Point 995 carbine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savage_Arms#Shotguns" title="Savage Arms">Savage 67H</a> <a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">pump shotgun</a>, explosives and two knives<br /><b>Klebold:</b> <a href="/wiki/TEC-9" title="TEC-9">Intratec TEC-DC9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stevens_Arms#Shotguns" title="Stevens Arms">Stevens 311D</a> <a href="/wiki/Double-barreled_shotgun" title="Double-barreled shotgun">double-barreled</a> <a href="/wiki/Sawed-off_shotgun" title="Sawed-off shotgun">sawed-off shotgun</a>, explosives and two knives<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Category:Columbine High School massacre">a series</a> of articles on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine High School massacre</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbinememorial.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Columbine Memorial, dedicated to the victims of the massacre"><img alt="The Columbine Memorial, dedicated to the victims of the massacre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Columbinememorial.JPG/250px-Columbinememorial.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Columbinememorial.JPG/375px-Columbinememorial.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Columbinememorial.JPG/500px-Columbinememorial.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3425" data-file-height="2273" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <p>Location:<br /><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School" title="Columbine High School">Columbine High School</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Columbine,_Colorado" title="Columbine, Colorado">Columbine, Colorado</a>) </p> <hr /> Perpetrators:<br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Victims</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassie_Bernall" title="Cassie Bernall">Cassie Bernall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Eubanks" title="Austin Eubanks">Austin Eubanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Scott" title="Rachel Scott">Rachel Scott</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Weaponry</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TEC-9" title="TEC-9">Intratec TEC-9 Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi-Point_carbine" title="Hi-Point carbine">Hi-Point 995 carbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Arms" title="Savage Arms">Savage 67H pump-action shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Arms" title="Savage Arms">Stevens 311D double barreled sawed-off shotgun</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related persons</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Cullen" title="Dave Cullen">Dave Cullen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Sue Klebold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Ledonne" title="Danny Ledonne">Danny Ledonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sol_Pais" title="Sol Pais">Sol Pais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_White_(neo-Nazi)" title="Bill White (neo-Nazi)">Bill White</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mother%27s_Reckoning" title="A Mother's Reckoning">A Mother's Reckoning</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/April_Showers_(2009_film)" title="April Showers (2009 film)">April Showers</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bowling_for_Columbine" title="Bowling for Columbine">Bowling for Columbine</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Columbine_(book)" title="Columbine (book)">Columbine</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Easy_Answers" title="No Easy Answers">No Easy Answers</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Columbinus" title="Columbinus">columbinus</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_Anna" title="Dawn Anna">Dawn Anna</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duck!_The_Carbine_High_Massacre" title="Duck! The Carbine High Massacre">Duck! The Carbine High Massacre</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(2003_film)" title="Elephant (2003 film)">Elephant</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Home_Room_(2002_film)" title="Home Room (2002 film)">Home Room</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Ashamed" title="I'm Not Ashamed">I'm Not Ashamed</a></i> (2016)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lullaby_for_Columbine" title="Lullaby for Columbine">Lullaby for Columbine</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nobody_Left_to_Hate" title="Nobody Left to Hate">Nobody Left to Hate</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pico%27s_School" title="Pico's School">Pico's School</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Playing_Columbine" title="Playing Columbine">Playing Columbine</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rachel%27s_Tears" title="Rachel's Tears">Rachel's Tears</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/She_Said_Yes:_The_Unlikely_Martyrdom_of_Cassie_Bernall" title="She Said Yes: The Unlikely Martyrdom of Cassie Bernall">She Said Yes</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Columbine_Massacre_RPG!" title="Super Columbine Massacre RPG!">Super Columbine Massacre RPG!</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Library_(play)" title="The Library (play)">The Library</a></i> (2014)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Nobodies_(song)" title="The Nobodies (song)">The Nobodies</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Only_Way_(2004_film)" title="The Only Way (2004 film)">The Only Way</a></i> (2004)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Way_I_Am_(Eminem_song)" title="The Way I Am (Eminem song)">The Way I Am</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Youth_of_the_Nation" title="Youth of the Nation">Youth of the Nation</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zero_Day_(2003_film)" title="Zero Day (2003 film)">Zero Day</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zero_Hour_(2004_TV_series)" title="Zero Hour (2004 TV series)">Zero Hour</a></i> (2004)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Cultural impact and aftermath</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbine_effect#Copycats" title="Columbine effect">Columbine copycats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbine_effect" title="Columbine effect">Columbine effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbine_Memorial" title="Columbine Memorial">Columbine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immediate_action_rapid_deployment" title="Immediate action rapid deployment">Immediate action rapid deployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shooting_contagion" title="Mass shooting contagion">Mass shooting contagion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel%27s_Challenge" title="Rachel's Challenge">Rachel's Challenge</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Entertainment affected</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Diablo_II" title="Diablo II">Diablo II</a></i> (2000)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Earshot_(Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer)" title="Earshot (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)">Earshot</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Graduation_Day_(Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer)" title="Graduation Day (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)">Graduation Day</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teaching_Mrs._Tingle" title="Teaching Mrs. Tingle">Teaching Mrs. Tingle</a></i> (1999)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Controversies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)#Controversies" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Manson%E2%80%93Columbine_High_School_massacre_controversy" title="Marilyn Manson–Columbine High School massacre controversy">Marilyn Manson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Born_Killers_copycat_crimes" title="Natural Born Killers copycat crimes"><i>Natural Born Killers</i> copycat crimes</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adios_(KMFDM_album)" title="Adios (KMFDM album)">Adios</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Pizza" title="Blackjack Pizza">Blackjack Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMFDM" title="KMFDM">KMFDM</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natural_Born_Killers" title="Natural Born Killers">Natural Born Killers</a></i> (1994)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Template:Columbine High School massacre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Template talk:Columbine High School massacre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Columbine High School massacre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eric David Harris</b> (April 9, 1981 – April 20, 1999) and <b>Dylan Bennet Klebold</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KLEE</span>-bohld</i></a>; September 11, 1981 – April 20, 1999) were two American high school seniors and <a href="/wiki/Mass_murder" title="Mass murder">mass murderers</a> who perpetrated the <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine High School massacre</a> at <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School" title="Columbine High School">Columbine High School</a> on April 20, 1999, in <a href="/wiki/Columbine,_Colorado" title="Columbine, Colorado">Columbine, Colorado</a>. Harris and Klebold killed 12 students and one teacher and wounded 24 others.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After killing most of their victims in the school's library, they died by <a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_the_United_States" title="Suicide in the United States">suicide</a>. At the time, it was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_by_death_toll" title="List of school shootings in the United States by death toll">deadliest high school shooting</a> in U.S. history.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ensuing media frenzy and moral panic led to "Columbine" becoming a byword for <a href="/wiki/School_shooting" title="School shooting">school shootings</a>, and becoming one of the most infamous mass shootings ever perpetrated in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris and Klebold were both born in 1981. Harris was born in <a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a>, but moved around frequently as a child due to his father's occupation in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>, while Klebold was born and raised near Columbine. Harris's family eventually settled in Colorado in 1992. Shortly after, Harris and Klebold met while they were in the 7th grade. Over time, they became increasingly close. By the time they were <a href="/wiki/Junior_(education_year)" title="Junior (education year)">juniors</a> in high school, they were described as inseparable. There are differing reports; some say Harris and Klebold were very unpopular students once they were upperclassmen, as well as frequent targets of bullying, while others say they were not near the bottom of the school's social hierarchy and that each had many friends, along with active social lives. Columbine High School was known to have an intense "<a href="/wiki/Jock_(stereotype)" title="Jock (stereotype)">jock</a> culture", which saw popular students, mainly athletes, benefit from special treatment from faculty and other students.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to their journal entries, Harris and Klebold had seemed to begin planning the attack by May 1998, nearly a year before the attack. Throughout the next eleven months, Harris and Klebold meticulously built explosives and gathered an arsenal of weapons. Both Harris and Klebold each left behind several journal writings and home videos, ones they made both alone and together, foreshadowing the massacre and explaining their motives. Harris and Klebold hoped this content would be viewed by the public extensively and inspire followers, although much of the evidence has never been released by authorities. </p><p>Harris and Klebold often wore <a href="/wiki/Trench_coat" title="Trench coat">trench coats</a> in school, and in general, as part of their everyday outfits, so after the massacre, it was widely believed Harris and Klebold were part of a <a href="/wiki/Clique" title="Clique">clique</a> in school called the "Trenchcoat Mafia", a group of misfits in the school who supposedly rebelled against the popular students.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This turned out to be untrue, as neither Harris nor Klebold had any affiliation with the group.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brockell_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brockell-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pair's aforementioned writings and videos gave insight into their rationale for the shooting. The <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> concluded that Harris was a <a href="/wiki/Psychopathy" title="Psychopathy">psychopath</a>, who exhibited <a href="/wiki/Narcissistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Narcissistic">narcissistic</a> traits, unconstrained aggression, and a lack of <a href="/wiki/Empathy" title="Empathy">empathy</a>, while Klebold was concluded to be an angry <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">depressive</a> with a vengeful attitude toward individuals who he believed had mistreated him.<sup id="cite_ref-Slate_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, neither Harris nor Klebold were formally diagnosed with any <a href="/wiki/Personality_disorders" class="mw-redirect" title="Personality disorders">personality disorders</a> prior to the attack,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so this conclusion is often debated. In the following years, various media outlets attributed multiple motivating factors to the attack, including <a href="/wiki/Bullying" title="Bullying">bullying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mental_illness" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental illness">mental illness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_medication" title="Psychiatric medication">psychiatric medication</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Media_violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Media violence">violence in music, movies, and video games</a>. Despite these conclusions, the exact <a href="/wiki/Motive_(law)" title="Motive (law)">motive</a> for the attack remains inconclusive. </p><p>Harris and Klebold have become <a href="/wiki/Pop_culture_icon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop culture icon">pop culture icons</a>, with the pair often portrayed, referenced and seen in film, television, video games, music and books. Many killers since the shooting have taken inspiration from the pair (dubbed the <a href="/wiki/Columbine_effect" title="Columbine effect">Columbine effect</a>), either hailing them as heroes, <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyrs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Incarnation" title="Incarnation">gods</a>, or expressing sympathy for them. Harris and Klebold also have a fanbase, who have coined the term "Columbiners", who write <a href="/wiki/Fan_fiction" title="Fan fiction">fan fiction</a> and draw <a href="/wiki/Fan_art" title="Fan art">fan art</a> of them. Others have also dressed as the duo for <a href="/wiki/Cosplay" title="Cosplay">cosplay</a> or <a href="/wiki/Halloween_costume" title="Halloween costume">Halloween</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eric_Harris">Eric Harris</h3></div> <p><b>Eric David Harris</b> was born on April 9, 1981, in <a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a>. Harris's parents were both born and raised in Colorado. His mother, Katherine Ann Poole, was a <a href="/wiki/Homemaking" title="Homemaking">homemaker</a>. His father, Wayne Harris, was working in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> as a transport pilot. In 1983, the family moved to <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>, when Harris was two years old. Six years later, the family relocated to <a href="/wiki/Oscoda,_Michigan" title="Oscoda, Michigan">Oscoda, Michigan</a>. Michigan pastor William Stone lived across the street from the Harris family while they were located in Oscoda. Stone recalled them as "great neighbors" and often saw Wayne very engaged with his sons.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Harris family then moved to <a href="/wiki/Plattsburgh,_New_York" title="Plattsburgh, New York">Plattsburgh, New York</a>, in 1991. During his time at Stafford Middle School, Harris played <a href="/wiki/Little_League_Baseball" title="Little League Baseball">Little League Baseball</a>, regularly went to birthday parties and was "part of the crowd". Kyle Ross, a former classmate of Harris, said, "He was just a typical kid."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Harris family finally settled back in <a href="/wiki/Littleton,_Colorado" title="Littleton, Colorado">Littleton, Colorado</a> the next year when Wayne retired from the military.<sup id="cite_ref-Suspects_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suspects-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On a 1997 English class assignment, Harris wrote about how difficult the move was from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> to Colorado. "It was the hardest moving from Plattsburgh. I have the most memories from there", Harris continued. "When I left (his friends) I felt alone, lost and even agitated that I had spent so much time with them and now I have to go because of something I can't stop."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris, in a basement tape, blamed his father for moving the family around, forcing Harris to "start out at the bottom of the ladder."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris had a chest deformity known as <a href="/wiki/Pectus_excavatum" title="Pectus excavatum">pectus excavatum</a>, in which the breastbone sinks into the chest. This made Harris reluctant to take his shirt off in gym class as other students ridiculed him. Harris had two <a href="/wiki/Plastic_surgery" title="Plastic surgery">cosmetic surgeries</a> at age 12 and 13 to repair the deformity. The sunken chest was still mildly observable during his <a href="/wiki/Autopsy" title="Autopsy">autopsy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Harris family lived in rented accommodations for the first three years that they lived in the Littleton area. While Harris was in 7th grade, he met Klebold. In 1996, the Harris family purchased and settled at a house south of Columbine High School. Harris's older brother, Kevin, attended college at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder" title="University of Colorado Boulder">University of Colorado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sides_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sides-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris's father took a job with Flight Safety Services Corporation and Harris's mother became a <a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">caterer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SHATTERED_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHATTERED-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris entered Columbine High School in 1995 as a <a href="/wiki/Freshman" title="Freshman">freshman</a>. Columbine had just gone through a major renovation and expansion.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From all accounts, he had many friends and was left forward and mid-field on the Columbine soccer team for his freshman and <a href="/wiki/Sophomore" title="Sophomore">sophomore</a> year. Josh Swanson, one of his teammates, said that Harris was a "solid" soccer player who enjoyed the sport a lot.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his freshman year, Harris met Tiffany Typher. They had German class together.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typher later recounted that Harris quickly wooed her. Harris asked her to <a href="/wiki/Homecoming" title="Homecoming">homecoming</a> and she accepted. After the event, it appeared that Typher was no longer interested in seeing Harris anymore, for reasons never disclosed. When Typher refused to socialize with Harris again, Harris staged a fake suicide, sprawling on the ground with fake blood splashed all over him. When Typher saw him on the ground, she began to scream for help, at which point Harris and his friends began laughing, prompting Typher to storm off, shouting at Harris to get psychological help.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dylan_Klebold">Dylan Klebold</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Klebold" redirects here. For his mother, see <a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Sue Klebold</a>.</div> <p><b>Dylan Bennet Klebold</b> was born on September 11, 1981, in <a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Colorado" title="Lakewood, Colorado">Lakewood, Colorado</a>, to Thomas and <a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Sue Klebold</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Suspects_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suspects-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the day after the shooting, Klebold's mother remembered that shortly after Klebold's birth, she described what felt like a shadow cast over her, warning her that this child would bring her great sorrow. "I think I still make of it what I did at that time. It was a passing feeling that went over very quickly, like a shadow." Sue said in an interview with <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Public_Radio" title="Colorado Public Radio">Colorado Public Radio</a>. Klebold was soon diagnosed with pyloric stenosis, a condition in which the opening between the stomach and small intestines thickens, causing severe vomiting during the first few months of life.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klebold's parents had met when they were both studying art at <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a>. After they both graduated, they married in 1971, with their first child, Byron, being born in 1978. Thomas had initially worked as a sculptor, but then moved over to <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a> to be more financially stable.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sue had worked in assistance services with <a href="/wiki/Disability" title="Disability">disabled</a> children. Furthermore, Klebold's parents were <a href="/wiki/Pacifists" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacifists">pacifists</a> and attended a <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> church with their children. Both Klebold and his older brother attended <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">confirmation</a> classes in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Confirmation_(Lutheran_Church)" title="Confirmation (Lutheran Church)">Lutheran tradition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mult1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mult1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As had been the case with his older brother, Klebold was named after a renowned poet, <a href="/wiki/Dylan_Thomas" title="Dylan Thomas">Dylan Thomas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klebold attended Normandy Elementary School for first and second grade and then transferred to Governor's Ranch Elementary School where he was part of the Challenging High Intellectual Potential Students program for gifted children. According to reports, Klebold was exceptionally bright as a young child, although he appeared somewhat sheltered in elementary school.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he transitioned to Ken Caryl Middle School, he found it difficult. Fellow classmates recalled Klebold being painfully shy and quiet, often to an uncomfortable degree.<sup id="cite_ref-acolumbinesite.com_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acolumbinesite.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klebold's parents were unconcerned with the fact that Klebold found the changing of schools uneasy, as they assumed it was just regular behavior among young adolescents.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the family home, the Klebolds also observed some rituals in keeping with Klebold's maternal great-grandfather's Jewish heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-mult1_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mult1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his earlier school years, Klebold played baseball, soccer and <a href="/wiki/Tee-ball" title="Tee-ball">T-ball</a>. Klebold was in Cub Scouts with friend Brooks Brown, whom he was friends with since the first grade. Brown lived near the house Harris's parents had bought when they finally settled in Littleton, and rode the same bus as Harris. Shortly after, Klebold had met Harris and the pair quickly became best friends. Later, Harris introduced Klebold to his friend Nathan Dykeman, who also attended their middle school, and they all became a tight-knit group of friends.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personalities">Personalities</h3></div> <p>Both Harris and Klebold worked together as cooks at a <a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Pizza" title="Blackjack Pizza">Blackjack Pizza</a>, a mile south from Columbine High School. Harris was eventually promoted to shift leader.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his group of friends were interested in computers,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were enrolled in a bowling class.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some described Harris as charismatic, and others described him as nice and likable.<sup id="cite_ref-psych_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psych-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Antisocial_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antisocial-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris also often bragged about his ability to deceive others, once stating in a tape that he could make anyone believe anything.<sup id="cite_ref-basement_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basement-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By his <a href="/wiki/Junior_(education_year)" title="Junior (education year)">junior year</a>, Harris was also known to be quick to anger, and threatened people with bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-psych_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psych-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Classmates also related that Harris was fascinated by war, and wrote out violent fantasies about killing people he did not like.<sup id="cite_ref-Antisocial_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antisocial-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klebold was described by his peers and adults as painfully shy. Klebold often was fidgety whenever someone new talked to him, rarely opening up to people.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klebold was also exceptionally nervous in front of the opposite sex.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last year of his life, many noted a change in Klebold's behavior. Unlike before, Klebold became short-tempered, often prone to sudden outbursts of anger.<sup id="cite_ref-acolumbinesite.com_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acolumbinesite.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friendship">Friendship</h3></div> <p>Much of the information on Harris and Klebold's friendship is unknown, on their interactions and conversations, aside from the Basement Tapes, of which only transcripts have been released, aside from a short audio clip recorded surreptitiously by a victim's father. The pair claimed they were going to make copies of the tapes to send to news stations, but never did so.<sup id="cite_ref-basement_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basement-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris and Klebold met at Ken Caryl Middle School during their seventh grade year. Over time, they became increasingly close, hanging out by often going out bowling, carpooling and playing the video game <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i> over a private server connected to their personal computers. By their junior year of high school, the boys were described as inseparable. Chad Laughlin, a close friend of Harris and Klebold, said that they always sat alone together at lunch and often kept to themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A rumor eventually started that Harris and Klebold were <a href="/wiki/Homosexual" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexual">gay</a> and romantically involved, due to the time the pair spent together. It is unknown if they were aware of this rumor.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Judy Brown believed Harris was more emotionally dependent on Klebold, who was more liked by the broader student population.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his journals, however, Klebold wrote that he felt that he was not accepted or loved by anyone. Due to these feelings, Klebold possibly sought validation from Harris. <a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Klebold's mother</a> believes Harris's rage, intermingled with Klebold's self-destructive personality, caused the boys to feed off of each other and enter in what eventually became an unhealthy friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Columbine_High_School">Columbine High School</h3></div> <p>At Columbine High School, Harris and Klebold were active in school play productions, operated video productions and became computer assistants, maintaining the school's computer server.<sup id="cite_ref-Suspects_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suspects-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to early accounts of the shooting, they were very unpopular students and targets of <a href="/wiki/School_bullying" title="School bullying">bullying</a>. While sources do support accounts of bullying specifically directed toward Harris and Klebold,<sup id="cite_ref-DenverWestword1_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenverWestword1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brooksbrown_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brooksbrown-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DenverWestword2_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenverWestword2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accounts of them being outcasts have been reported to be false, since both of them had a close knit group of friends.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris and Klebold were initially reported to be members of a <a href="/wiki/Clique" title="Clique">clique</a> that was called the "Trenchcoat Mafia", despite later confirmation that the pair had no connection to the group and furthermore did not appear in the group's photo in Columbine High's 1998 <a href="/wiki/Yearbook" title="Yearbook">yearbook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris's father erroneously stated that his son was "a member of what they call the Trenchcoat Mafia" in a <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1">9-1-1</a></span> call he made on the day of the shooting.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klebold attended the high school <a href="/wiki/Prom" title="Prom">prom</a> three days before the shootings with a classmate named Robyn Anderson.<sup id="cite_ref-FatalFriendship_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FatalFriendship-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris and Klebold linked their personal computers on a network and played video games over the Internet. Harris created a set of levels for the game <i>Doom</i>, which later became known as the "Harris levels". The levels are downloadable over the internet through <a href="/wiki/Doom_WAD" class="mw-redirect" title="Doom WAD"><i>Doom</i> WADs</a>. Harris had a web presence under the <a href="/wiki/User_(computing)" title="User (computing)">handle</a> "REB" (short for Rebel, a nod to the nickname of Columbine High's sports teams) and other online aliases, including "Rebldomakr", "Rebdoomer", and "Rebdomine". Klebold went by the names "VoDKa" and "VoDkA", after the <a href="/wiki/Vodka" title="Vodka">alcoholic beverage</a>. Harris had various websites that hosted <i>Doom</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(video_game)" title="Quake (video game)">Quake</a></i> files, as well as team information for those with whom he gamed online. The sites openly espoused hatred for people in their neighborhood and the world in general. When the pair began experimenting with <a href="/wiki/Pipe_bomb" title="Pipe bomb">pipe bombs</a>, they posted results of the explosions on the websites. The website was shut down by <a href="/wiki/America_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="America Online">America Online</a> after the shootings and was preserved for the FBI.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_criminal_activity">Initial criminal activity</h3></div> <p>On the night of January 30, 1998, Harris and Klebold broke into a locked van to steal computers and other electronic equipment. A short while after a Jefferson County sheriff's officer drove upon the two boys parked further down road at another park entrance and since the park area was closed by that time of night, the arresting deputy decided to further inspect them. The deputy announced his presence as one of the boys prepared to move the stolen goods into the trunk of the car. Harris shortly after admitted to theft after the deputy asked about where the equipment came from.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were later charged with <a href="/wiki/Mischief" title="Mischief">mischief</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burglary" title="Burglary">breaking and entering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trespass" title="Trespass">trespassing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theft" title="Theft">theft</a>. They both left good impressions on <a href="/wiki/Juvenile_court" title="Juvenile court">juvenile officers</a>, who offered to <a href="/wiki/Expunge" class="mw-redirect" title="Expunge">expunge</a> their <a href="/wiki/Criminal_record" title="Criminal record">criminal records</a> if they agreed to attend a diversionary program which included <a href="/wiki/Community_service" title="Community service">community service</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychotherapy" title="Psychotherapy">psychiatric treatment</a>. Harris was required to attend <a href="/wiki/Anger_management" title="Anger management">anger management</a> classes where, again, he made a favorable impression. The boys' <a href="/wiki/Probation_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Probation officer">probation officer</a> discharged them from the program a few months ahead of schedule for good behavior. Regarding Harris, it was remarked that he was "a very bright individual who is likely to succeed in life", while Klebold was said to be intelligent, but "needs to understand that hard work is part of fulfilling a dream."<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several months later on April 30, Harris handed over the first version of a letter of apology he wrote to the owner of the van, which he completed the next month.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the letter, Harris expressed regret about his actions; however, in one of his journal entries dated April 12, he wrote: "Isn't america supposed to be the land of the free? how come, If im free, I cant deprive some fucking dumbshit from his possessions If he leaves them sitting in the front seat of his fucking van in plain sight in the middle of fucking nowhere on a fri-fucking-day night? <a href="/wiki/Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">Natural selection</a>. Fucker should be shot.  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>]".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Erics_journal_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erics_journal-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hitmen_for_Hire"><i>Hitmen for Hire</i></h3></div> <p>When an economics class had Harris make an ad for a business, he and Klebold made a video called <i>Hitmen for Hire</i> on December 8, 1998, which was released in February 2004. It depicts them as part of the <a href="/wiki/Trench_coat" title="Trench coat">Trench Coat</a> <a href="/wiki/Mafia" title="Mafia">Mafia</a>, a clique in the school who wore black trench coats, extorting money for protecting <a href="/wiki/Preppy" title="Preppy">preps</a> from bullies.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were apparently not a part of the Trench Coat Mafia, but were friends with some of its members.<sup id="cite_ref-Salon_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salon-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They wore black trench coats on the day of the massacre, and the video seemed a kind of <a href="/wiki/Dress_rehearsal" title="Dress rehearsal">dress rehearsal</a>, showing them walking the halls of the school, and shooting bullies outside with fake guns.<sup id="cite_ref-hithire_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hithire-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both also displayed themes of violence in their creative writing projects; of a <i>Doom</i>-based story written by Harris on January 17, 1999, Harris's teacher said: "Yours is a unique approach and your writing works in a gruesome way — good details and mood setting."<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acquiring_arms">Acquiring arms</h2></div> <p>Harris and Klebold were unable to legally purchase firearms due to their both being underage at the time. Klebold then enlisted Robyn Anderson, an 18-year-old Columbine student and old friend of Klebold's, to make a <a href="/wiki/Straw_purchase" title="Straw purchase">straw purchase</a> of two shotguns and a <a href="/wiki/Hi-Point_carbine" title="Hi-Point carbine">Hi-Point carbine</a> for the pair. In exchange for her cooperation with the investigation that followed the shootings, no charges were filed against Anderson.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After illegally acquiring the weapons, Klebold <a href="/wiki/Sawed-off_shotgun" title="Sawed-off shotgun">sawed off</a> his Savage 311-D 12-gauge <a href="/wiki/Double-barrel_shotgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-barrel shotgun">double-barrel shotgun</a>, shortening the overall length to approximately 23 inches (580 mm). Meanwhile, Harris's Savage-Springfield 12-gauge pump shotgun was sawn off to around 26 inches (660 mm).<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The shooters also possessed a <a href="/wiki/Intratec_TEC-DC9" class="mw-redirect" title="Intratec TEC-DC9">TEC-DC9</a> semi-automatic handgun, which had a long history. The manufacturer of the TEC-DC9 first sold it to Miami-based Navegar Incorporated. It was then sold to Zander's Sporting Goods in <a href="/wiki/Baldwin,_Illinois" title="Baldwin, Illinois">Baldwin, Illinois</a>, in 1994. The gun was later sold to a firearms dealer, Larry Russell, in <a href="/wiki/Thornton,_Colorado" title="Thornton, Colorado">Thornton, Colorado</a>. In violation of federal law, Russell failed to keep <a href="/wiki/Federal_Form_4473" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Form 4473">records</a> of the sale, yet he determined that the purchaser of the gun was twenty-one years of age or older. Two men, Mark Manes and Philip Duran, were convicted of supplying weapons to the two.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bombs used by the pair varied and were crudely made from <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> canisters, galvanized pipe, and metal <a href="/wiki/Propane" title="Propane">propane</a> tanks. The Co2 and pipe bombs were primed with matches placed at one end end their fuses. Both had striker tips on their sleeves. When they rubbed against the bomb, the match head lit the fuse. The weekend before the shootings, Harris and Klebold had purchased propane tanks and other supplies from a hardware store for a few hundred dollars. Several residents of the area claimed to have heard glass breaking and buzzing sounds from the Harris family's garage, which later was concluded to indicate they were constructing pipe bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More complex bombs, such as the one that detonated on the corner of South Wadsworth Boulevard and Ken Caryl Avenue, had <a href="/wiki/Time_bomb" title="Time bomb">timers</a>. The two largest bombs built were found in the school cafeteria and were made from small propane tanks. Only one of these bombs went off, only partially detonating.<sup id="cite_ref-Suspects_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suspects-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was estimated that if any of the bombs placed in the cafeteria had detonated properly, the blast could have caused extensive structural damage to the school and would have resulted in hundreds of casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Massacre">Massacre</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine High School massacre</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg/220px-Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg/330px-Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg/440px-Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption>Harris <small><i>(left)</i></small> and Klebold <small><i>(right)</i></small> on a surveillance camera on the day of the shooting</figcaption></figure> <p>On April 20, 1999, just weeks before Harris and Klebold were both due to graduate,<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brooks Brown, who was smoking a cigarette outside during lunch break, saw Harris arrive at school. Brown had severed his friendship with Harris a year earlier after Harris had thrown a chunk of ice at his car windshield. Brown reconciled with Harris just prior to the shooting. Brown approached Harris near his car and scolded him for skipping his morning classes, because Harris was always serious about schoolwork and being on time. Harris replied, "It doesn't matter anymore." Harris followed up a few seconds later, "Brooks, I like you now. Get out of here. Go home."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brown, who felt uneasy, quickly left the school grounds. At 11:19 am, he heard the first gunshots after he had walked some distance away from the school, and informed the police via a neighbor's cell phone.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By that time, Klebold had already arrived at the school in a separate car, and the two boys left two duffel bags, each containing a 20-pound <a href="/wiki/Propane_bomb" title="Propane bomb">propane bomb</a>, inside the <a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">cafeteria</a>. Their original plans indicated that when these bombs detonated, Harris and Klebold would be waiting at their cars and would shoot, stab and throw bombs at survivors of the initial explosion as they ran out of the school. At noon, this would be followed by bombs set up in their personal cars detonating, killing first responders and others on scene.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When these devices failed to detonate, Harris and Klebold resorted to gunning down their classmates and teachers. It was the deadliest high school shooting in U.S history until it was surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Stoneman_Douglas_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoneman Douglas High School shooting">Stoneman Douglas High School shooting</a> committed by <a href="/wiki/Nikolas_Cruz" title="Nikolas Cruz">Nikolas Cruz</a> on February 14, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris was responsible for eight of the thirteen confirmed deaths (<a href="/wiki/Rachel_Scott" title="Rachel Scott">Rachel Scott</a>, Daniel Rohrbough,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> teacher Dave Sanders, Steve Curnow, <a href="/wiki/Cassie_Bernall" title="Cassie Bernall">Cassie Bernall</a>, Isaiah Shoels, Kelly Fleming, and Daniel Mauser), while Klebold was responsible for the remaining five (Kyle Velasquez, Matthew Kechter, Lauren Townsend, John Tomlin, and Corey DePooter). There were 24 injured (21 of them by the shooters), most in critical condition.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suicide">Suicide</h3></div> <p>At 12:02 pm, Harris and Klebold returned to the library. Of the 56 library hostages, 34 remained unharmed, all of whom escaped after Harris and Klebold left the library initially. Investigators later found that Harris and Klebold had enough ammunition to have killed them all.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was 20 minutes after their lethal shooting spree had ended, leaving 12 students dead, one teacher dying, and another 24 students and staff injured. Ten of their victims had been killed in the library.<sup id="cite_ref-olsen_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olsen-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed they came back to the library to watch their car bombs detonate, which had been set up to explode at noon.<sup id="cite_ref-olsen_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olsen-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This did not happen, as the aforementioned bombs failed. Harris and Klebold went to the west windows and opened fire on the police outside. No one was injured in the exchange. Between three and six minutes later, they walked to the bookshelves near a table where Patrick Ireland lay badly wounded and coming in and out of consciousness. Student Lisa Kreutz, injured in the earlier library attack, was also in the room, unable to move.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 12:08 pm, Harris and Klebold had killed themselves. In a subsequent interview, Kreutz recalled hearing a comment such as, "You in the library", around this time. Harris sat down with his back to a bookshelf and fired his shotgun through the <a href="/wiki/Palate" title="Palate">roof of his mouth</a>; Klebold went down on his knees and shot himself in the left temple with his TEC-9. An article by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountain_News" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rocky Mountain News">The Rocky Mountain News</a></i> stated that Patti Nielson overheard them shout "One! Two! Three!" in unison, just before a loud boom.<sup id="cite_ref-Fatal_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fatal-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nielson said that she had never spoken with either of the writers of the article,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and evidence suggests otherwise. Just before shooting himself, Klebold lit a Molotov cocktail on a nearby table, underneath which Ireland was lying, which caused the tabletop to momentarily catch fire. Underneath the scorched film of material was a piece of Harris's brain matter, suggesting Harris had shot himself by this point.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suggested_rationales">Suggested rationales</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm/220px--President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="161" data-durationhint="566" data-mwtitle="President_Clinton's_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_(1999).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_(1999).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="328" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APresident_Clinton%27s_Remarks_Regarding_Columbine_HS_Shooting_%281999%29.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English (en)" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">President Clinton</a>'s remarks regarding the shooting, April 20, 1999</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm/220px--President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="161" data-durationhint="3039" data-mwtitle="President_Clinton's_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="328" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm/President_Clinton%27s_Remarks_to_the_Columbine_High_School_Community.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>President Clinton's speech to the school's community, May 20, 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>There was controversy over whether Harris and Klebold should be memorialized. Some were opposed, saying that it glorified murderers, while others argued that Harris and Klebold were also victims. Atop a hill near Columbine High School, crosses were erected for Harris and Klebold along with those for the people they killed,<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the father of victim Daniel Rohrbough cut them down, saying that murderers should not be memorialized in the same place as victims.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3></div> <p>Harris and Klebold wrote some about how they would carry out the massacre, and less about why. Klebold penned a rough outline of plans to follow on April 20, and another slightly different one in a journal found in Harris's bedroom.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In one entry on his computer, Harris referenced the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_bombing" title="Oklahoma City bombing">Oklahoma City bombing</a>, and they mentioned their wish to outdo it by causing the most deaths in US history. They also mentioned how they would like to leave a lasting impression on the world with this kind of violence.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much speculation occurred over the date chosen for their attack. The original intended date of the attack may have been April 19; Harris required more ammunition from Mark Manes, who did not deliver it until the evening of April 19.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hinton_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hinton-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris and Klebold were both avid fans of <a href="/wiki/KMFDM" title="KMFDM">KMFDM</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">industrial</a> band led by German multi-instrumentalist <a href="/wiki/Sascha_Konietzko" title="Sascha Konietzko">Sascha Konietzko</a>. It was revealed that lyrics to KMFDM songs ("Son of a Gun", "Stray Bullet" and "Waste") were posted on Harris's website,<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that the date of the massacre, April 20, coincided with both the release date of the album <i><a href="/wiki/Adios_(KMFDM_album)" title="Adios (KMFDM album)">Adios</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-MTV-speakout_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTV-speakout-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the birthday of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nl.newsbank.com_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nl.newsbank.com-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris noted the coincidence of the album's title and April release date in his journal.<sup id="cite_ref-Erics_journal_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erics_journal-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, KMFDM's Konietzko issued a statement that KMFDM was "against war, oppression, fascism and violence against others" and that "none of us condone any Nazi beliefs whatsoever".<sup id="cite_ref-KMFDM1999_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KMFDM1999-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An April 22, 1999, article in <i>The Washington Post</i> described Harris and Klebold: </p> <blockquote><p>They hated jocks, admired Nazis and scorned normalcy. They fancied themselves devotees of the Gothic subculture, even though they thrilled to the violence denounced by much of that fantasy world. They were white supremacists, but loved music by <a href="/wiki/Anti-racist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-racist">anti-racist</a> rock bands.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The attack occurred on Hitler's birthday, which led to speculation in the media. Some people, such as Robyn Anderson, who knew the perpetrators, stated that the pair were not obsessed with Nazism nor did they worship or admire Hitler in any way. Anderson stated, in retrospect, that there were many things the pair did not tell friends. In his journal, Harris mentioned his admiration of what he imagined to be <a href="/wiki/Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">natural selection</a>, and wrote that he would like to put everyone in a super <i>Doom</i> game and see to it that the weak die and the strong live.<sup id="cite_ref-Erics_journal_67-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erics_journal-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the day of the massacre, Harris wore a white T-shirt with the words "Natural selection" printed in black.<sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bullying">Bullying</h4></div> <p>At the end of Harris's last journal entry, he wrote: "I hate you people for leaving me out of so many fun things. And no don't fucking say, 'Well that's your fault,' because it isn't, you people had my phone number, and I asked and all, but no. No no no don't let the weird-looking Eric KID come along, ooh fucking nooo."<sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in another entry by Eric in his journal, he stated that even if he were complimented and respected more by his peers, the attack would've still, in all likelihood, occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-langman_16_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langman_16-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, Klebold wrote in his journal both about perceived rejection, bullying others, his desire to belong, and his extreme contempt for others. In January 1997, he wrote, "I am GOD compared to some of those un-existable [sic] brainless zombies," referring to his perception of the morons of the world. In March 1997, he wrote, "I do shit to supposedly ‘cleanse’ myself in a spiritual, moral sort of way... trying not to ridicule/make fun of people ([name omitted] at school), yet it does nothing to help my life morally."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klebold said on the Basement Tapes, "You've been giving us shit for years. You're fucking gonna pay for all the shit! We don't give a shit. Because we're gonna die doing it."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-basement_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basement-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, they also stated on the tapes that nobody is to blame and nobody could have prevented the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Accounts from various parents and school staffers describe bullying at the school as "rampant".<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nathan Vanderau, a friend of Klebold, and Alisa Owen, Harris's eighth-grade science partner, reported that Harris and Klebold were constantly picked on. Vanderau noted that a "cup of fecal matter" was thrown at them.<sup id="cite_ref-UnderstandingWhy_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UnderstandingWhy-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "People surrounded them in the commons and squirted ketchup packets all over them, laughing at them, calling them faggots", Brooks Brown says. "That happened while teachers watched. They couldn't fight back. They wore the ketchup all day and went home covered with it."<sup id="cite_ref-DenverWestword1_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenverWestword1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his book <i><a href="/wiki/No_Easy_Answers" title="No Easy Answers">No Easy Answers</a>: The Truth Behind Death at Columbine</i>, Brown wrote that Harris was born with mild <a href="/wiki/Pectus_excavatum" title="Pectus excavatum">chest indent</a>. This made him reluctant to take his shirt off in gym class, and other students would laugh at him.<sup id="cite_ref-brooksbrown_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brooksbrown-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"A lot of the tension in the school came from the class above us", Chad Laughlin states. "There were people fearful of walking by a table where you knew you didn't belong, stuff like that. Certain groups certainly got preferential treatment across the board. I caught the tail end of one really horrible incident, and I know Dylan told his mother that it was the worst day of his life." That incident, according to Laughlin, involved seniors pelting Klebold with "ketchup-covered tampons" in the commons.<sup id="cite_ref-DenverWestword2_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenverWestword2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, other commentators have disputed the theory that bullying was the motivating factor.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeff Kass who has also published a book on the attack believes that bullying wasn't the cause.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Peter_F._Langman" title="Peter F. Langman">Peter Langman</a> also argues against bullying being the cause of the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-langman_16_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langman_16-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other researchers have concurred.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Journals_and_investigation">Journals and investigation</h4></div> <p>Harris began keeping a journal in April 1998, a short time after the pair was charged with breaking into a van, for which each received ten months of juvenile intervention counseling and community service in January 1998. They began to formulate plans then, as reflected in their journals.<sup id="cite_ref-Hinton_104-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hinton-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harris wanted to join the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a>, but his application was rejected shortly before the shootings because he was taking the drug <a href="/wiki/Fluvoxamine" title="Fluvoxamine">fluvoxamine</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Selective_serotonin_reuptake_inhibitor" title="Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor">SSRI</a> <a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">antidepressant</a>, which he was required to take as part of court-ordered anger management therapy. Harris did not state in his application that he was taking any medications. According to the recruiting officer, Harris did not know about this rejection. Though some friends of Harris suggested that he had stopped taking the drug beforehand,<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the autopsy reports showed low therapeutic or normal (not toxic or lethal) blood-levels of fluvoxamine in his system, which was around 0.0031–0.0087 mg/ml,<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the time of death.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the shootings, <a href="/wiki/Anti-psychiatry" title="Anti-psychiatry">opponents of contemporary psychiatry</a> like <a href="/wiki/Peter_Breggin" title="Peter Breggin">Peter Breggin</a><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claimed that the <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_medication" title="Psychiatric medication">psychiatric medications</a> prescribed to Harris after his conviction may have exacerbated his aggressiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-Larkin_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larkin-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klebold entitled his journal <i>A Virtual Book: EXISTENCES</i>. Klebold's first journal entry was March 31, 1997, over a year prior to when Harris began his own writings, and in it, he talks about his depression and suicidal thoughts, over two years prior to the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the rest of his writings, Klebold often wrote about his view that he and Harris were "god-like" and more highly evolved than every other human being, but his secret journal records the aforementioned self-loathing and suicidal intentions. Page after page was covered in hearts, as he was secretly in love with a Columbine student. Although both had difficulty controlling their anger, Klebold's anger had led to his being more prone to serious trouble than Harris. After their arrest, which both recorded as the most traumatic thing they had ever experienced, Klebold wrote a letter to Harris, saying how they would have so much fun getting revenge and killing police, and how his wrath from the January arrest would be "god-like". On the day of the massacre, Klebold wore a black T-shirt which had the word "WRATH" printed in red.<sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was speculated that revenge for the arrest was a possible motive for the attack, and that the pair planned on having a massive gun battle with police during the shooting. Klebold wrote that life was no fun without a little death, and that he would like to spend the last moments of his life in nerve-wracking twists of murder and bloodshed. He concluded by saying that he would kill himself afterward in order to leave the world that he hated and go to a better place. Klebold was described as being "hotheaded, but depressive and suicidal".<sup id="cite_ref-Slate_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of the home-recorded videos, called "The Basement Tapes", have reportedly been destroyed by police. Harris and Klebold reportedly discussed their motives for the attacks in these videos and gave instructions in bomb making. Police cite the reason for withholding these tapes as an effort to prevent them from becoming "call-to-arms" and "how-to" videos that could inspire <a href="/wiki/Copycat_killer" class="mw-redirect" title="Copycat killer">copycat killers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some people have argued that releasing the tapes would be helpful, in terms of allowing psychologists to study them, which in turn could possibly help identify characteristics of future killers.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Media_accounts">Media accounts</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Manson%E2%80%93Columbine_High_School_massacre_controversy" title="Marilyn Manson–Columbine High School massacre controversy">Marilyn Manson–Columbine High School massacre controversy</a></div> <p>Initially,<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the shooters were believed to be members of a clique that called themselves the "Trench Coat Mafia", a small group of Columbine's self-styled outcasts who wore heavy black <a href="/wiki/Trench_coats" class="mw-redirect" title="Trench coats">trench coats</a>. Early reports described the members as also wearing German slogans and swastikas on their clothes.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional media reports described the Trench Coat Mafia as a cult with ties to the neo-Nazi movement which fueled a media stigma and bias against the Trench Coat Mafia. The Trench Coat Mafia was a group of friends who hung out together, wore black trench coats, and prided themselves on being different from the 'jocks' who had been bullying the members and who also coined the name Trench Coat Mafia.<sup id="cite_ref-No_easy_answers_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-No_easy_answers-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trench coat inadvertently became the members' uniform after a mother of one of the members bought it as a present.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Investigation revealed that Harris and Klebold were only friends with one member of the group, Kristin Thiebault, and that most of the primary members of the Trench Coat Mafia had left the school by the time that Harris and Klebold committed the massacre. Most did not know the shooters, apart from their association with Thiebault, and none were considered suspects in the shootings or were charged with any involvement in the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Manson" title="Marilyn Manson">Marilyn Manson</a> was blamed by the media in the wake of the Columbine shooting, and responded to criticism in an interview with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Moore" title="Michael Moore">Michael Moore</a>, in which he was asked, "If you were to talk directly to the kids at Columbine and the people in the community, what would you say to them if they were here right now?", to which he replied, "I wouldn't say a single word to them—I would listen to what they have to say, and that's what no one did", referring to people ignoring <a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(idiom)" title="Red flag (idiom)">red flags</a> that rose from Harris and Klebold prior to the shooting.<sup id="cite_ref-BFC_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BFC-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Psychological_analysis">Psychological analysis</h4></div> <p>Although early media reports attributed the shootings to a desire for revenge on the part of Harris and Klebold for <a href="/wiki/Bullying" title="Bullying">bullying</a> that they received, subsequent psychological analysis indicated Harris and Klebold harbored serious psychological problems. Harris and Klebold were never diagnosed with any mental disorders, which is overwhelmingly uncommon in mass shooters.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Supervisory Special Agent Dwayne Fuselier, the FBI's lead Columbine investigator and a clinical psychologist, Harris exhibited a pattern of grandiosity, contempt, and lack of empathy or remorse, distinctive traits of psychopaths that Harris concealed through deception. Fuselier adds that Harris engaged in mendacity not merely to protect himself, as Harris rationalized in his journal, but also for pleasure, as seen when Harris expressed his thoughts in his journal regarding how he and Klebold avoided prosecution for breaking into a van. Other leading psychiatrists concur that Harris was a psychopath.<sup id="cite_ref-Slate_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to psychologist Peter Langman, Klebold displayed signs of <a href="/wiki/Schizotypal_personality_disorder" title="Schizotypal personality disorder">schizotypal personality disorder</a> – he struck many people as odd due to his shy nature, appeared to have had disturbed thought processes and constantly misused language in unusual ways as evidenced by his journal. He appeared to have been delusional, viewed himself as "god-like", and wrote that he was "made a human without the possibility of BEING human." He was also convinced that others hated him and felt like he was being conspired against, even though according to many reports, Klebold was loved by his family and friends.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lawsuits">Lawsuits</h2></div> <p>In April 2001, the families of more than 30 victims were given shares in a $2,538,000 settlement by the families of the perpetrators, and the two men convicted of supplying the weapons used in the massacre. The Harrises and the Klebolds contributed $1,568,000 to the settlement from their own homeowners' policies, Manes contributed $720,000, and Duran contributed $250,000. The Harrises and the Klebolds were ordered to guarantee an additional $32,000 be available against any future claims. Manes was ordered to hold $80,000 against future claims, and Duran was ordered to hold $50,000.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_Settlement_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes_Settlement-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One family had filed a $250-million lawsuit against the Harrises and Klebolds in 1999 and did not accept the 2001 settlement terms. A judge ordered the family to accept a $366,000 settlement in June 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_timeline_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_timeline-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2003, the families of five other victims received undisclosed settlements from the Harrises and Klebolds.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_timeline_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_timeline-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaction_of_Sue_Klebold">Reaction of Sue Klebold</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sue_Klebold" title="Sue Klebold">Sue Klebold</a>, mother of Dylan Klebold, initially was in denial about Klebold's involvement in the massacre, believing he was tricked by Harris into doing it, among other things. Six months later, she saw the Basement Tapes made by Harris and Klebold and acknowledged that Klebold was equally responsible for the killings.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spoke about the Columbine High School massacre publicly for the first time in an essay that appeared in the October 2009 issue of <i><a href="/wiki/O:_The_Oprah_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="O: The Oprah Magazine">O: The Oprah Magazine</a></i>. In the piece, Klebold wrote: "For the rest of my life, I will be haunted by the horror and anguish Dylan caused", and "Dylan changed everything I believed about myself, about God, about family, and about love." Stating that she had no clue of her son's intentions, she said: "Once I saw his journals, it was clear to me that Dylan entered the school with the intention of dying there."<sup id="cite_ref-silence_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silence-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Solomon" title="Andrew Solomon">Andrew Solomon</a>'s 2012 book <i><a href="/wiki/Far_from_the_Tree" title="Far from the Tree">Far from the Tree</a></i>, she acknowledged that on the day of the massacre, when she discovered that Klebold was one of the shooters, she prayed he would kill himself (before committing mass murder). "I had a sudden vision of what he might be doing. And so while every other mother in Littleton was praying that her child was safe, I had to pray that mine would die before he hurt anyone else."<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2016, Klebold published a memoir, titled <i><a href="/wiki/A_Mother%27s_Reckoning" title="A Mother's Reckoning">A Mother's Reckoning</a></i>, about her experiences before and after the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was co-written by Laura Tucker and included an introduction by <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Solomon" title="Andrew Solomon">Andrew Solomon</a>. It received very favorable reviews, including from the <i>New York Times Book Review</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It peaked at No. 2 on <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list"><i>The New York Times</i> Best Seller list</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 2, 2017, Klebold posted a <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED Talk</a> titled, "My son was a Columbine shooter. This is my story."<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of January 2024, the video has over 12.1 million views. The site listed Klebold's occupation as "activist", and stated: "Sue Klebold has become a passionate agent working to advance mental health awareness and intervention."<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Columbine_effect" title="Columbine effect">Columbine effect</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV (TV channel)">ITV</a> describes the legacy of Harris and Klebold as deadly, as they have inspired several instances of mass killings in the United States and globally. <i>Napa Valley Register</i> have called the pair "cultural icons".<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author of <a href="/wiki/Columbine_(book)" title="Columbine (book)"><i>Columbine</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Cullen" title="Dave Cullen">Dave Cullen</a>, called Harris and Klebold the fathers of the movement for disenfranchised youth.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harris and Klebold have also, as <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> referred to, left their inevitable mark on pop culture.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copycats">Copycats</h3></div> <p>The Columbine shooting influenced several subsequent school shootings, with many praising Harris and Klebold, referring to them as martyrs, heroes or gods.<sup id="cite_ref-tape_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tape-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hands_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hands-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, it has led to the closure of entire school districts.<sup id="cite_ref-inter_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inter-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/E._Fuller_Torrey" title="E. Fuller Torrey">E. Fuller Torrey</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Treatment_Advocacy_Center" title="Treatment Advocacy Center">Treatment Advocacy Center</a>, a legacy of the Columbine shootings is its "allure to disaffected youth".<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ralph Larkin examined twelve major school shootings in the US in the following eight years and found that in eight of those, "the shooters made explicit reference to Harris and Klebold."<sup id="cite_ref-yorker_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yorker-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Larkin wrote that the Columbine massacre established a "<a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">script</a>" for shootings. "Numerous post-Columbine rampage shooters referred directly to Columbine as their inspiration; others attempted to supersede the Columbine shootings in body count."<sup id="cite_ref-larkin2009_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-larkin2009-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2015 investigation by <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> identified "more than 40 people ... charged with Columbine-style plots." A 2014 investigation by <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a> identified "at least 17 attacks and another 36 alleged plots or serious threats against schools since the assault on Columbine High School that can be tied to the 1999 massacre." Ties identified by ABC News included online research by the perpetrators into the Columbine shooting, clipping news coverage and images of Columbine, explicit statements of admiration of Harris and Klebold, such as writings in journals and on social media, in video posts,<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in police interviews, timing planned to an anniversary of Columbine, plans to exceed the Columbine victim counts, and other ties.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 60 mass shootings have been carried out, where the perpetrators had made at least a single reference to Harris and Klebold.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, journalist <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Gladwell" title="Malcolm Gladwell">Malcolm Gladwell</a> writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i> magazine proposed a <a href="/wiki/Threshold_model" title="Threshold model">threshold model</a> of school shootings in which Harris and Klebold were the triggering actors in "a slow-motion, ever-evolving riot, in which each new participant's action makes sense in reaction to and in combination with those who came before."<sup id="cite_ref-yorker_152-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yorker-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fandom">Fandom</h3></div> <p>Harris and Klebold have also spawned a <a href="/wiki/Fandom" title="Fandom">fandom</a> who call themselves "Columbiners", mostly apparent on blogging site <a href="/wiki/Tumblr" title="Tumblr">Tumblr</a>. While some just have a scholarly interest in the pair or the event, the vast majority of these individuals, mostly young women, express a sympathetic, or sometimes even sexual interest, in Harris and Klebold.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There has been <a href="/wiki/Homoeroticism" title="Homoeroticism">homoerotic</a> art drawn of the two, fan fiction created on the pair's future together had they not gone through with the shooting and costumes created on the outfits Harris and Klebold sported the day of the shootings.<sup id="cite_ref-ati_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ati-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"I relate to their feelings of hopelessness, being angry and not being able to change it, and wanting to be accepted and appreciated", an 18-year-old Tumblr user wrote on Harris and Klebold. "No one noticed they were struggling, and no one took their suffering seriously", added another user. A news site called "All That's Interesting" said on the fandom, "Many of these Columbiners have no positive feelings about the massacre, but are instead focused on the troubled inner lives of its perpetrators because they see themselves in them."<sup id="cite_ref-ati_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ati-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fandom has received criticism for heroizing Harris and Klebold and allegedly inspiring shooting plots such as the <a href="/wiki/Halifax_mass_shooting_plot" title="Halifax mass shooting plot">Halifax mass shooting plot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_about_the_duo">Media about the duo</h3></div> <p>The 2002 <a href="/wiki/Michael_Moore" title="Michael Moore">Michael Moore</a> documentary film <i><a href="/wiki/Bowling_for_Columbine" title="Bowling for Columbine">Bowling for Columbine</a></i> focuses heavily on a perceived American obsession with handguns, its grip on <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Colorado" title="Jefferson County, Colorado">Jefferson County, Colorado</a>, and its role in the shooting. </p><p>In 2004, the shooting was dramatized in the documentary <i><a href="/wiki/Zero_Hour_(2004_TV_series)" title="Zero Hour (2004 TV series)">Zero Hour</a></i>, in which Harris and Klebold are played by Ben Johnson and Josh Young, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Game_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Game designer">game designer</a> <a href="/wiki/Danny_Ledonne" title="Danny Ledonne">Danny Ledonne</a> created a <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing video game</a> where the player assumes the role of Harris and Klebold during the massacre, entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Super_Columbine_Massacre_RPG!" title="Super Columbine Massacre RPG!">Super Columbine Massacre RPG!</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The game received substantial media backlash for allegedly glorifying the pair's actions. The father of one victim remarked to the press that the game "disgusts me. You trivialize the actions of two murderers and the lives of the innocent."<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2016 biographical film <i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Ashamed" title="I'm Not Ashamed">I'm Not Ashamed</a></i>, based on the journals of Rachel Scott, includes glimpses of Harris's and Klebold's lives and of interactions between them and other students at Columbine High School. Harris is played by David Errigo Jr. and Klebold is played by Cory Chapman.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fiction_inspired_by_the_duo">Fiction inspired by the duo</h3></div> <p>The 2003 <a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(2003_film)" title="Elephant (2003 film)">Elephant</a></i> depicts a fictional school shooting, some of whose details were based on the Columbine massacre, such as one scene in which one of the young killers walks into the evacuated school cafeteria and pauses to take a sip from a drink left behind, as Harris did during the shooting.<sup id="cite_ref-UnderstandingWhy_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UnderstandingWhy-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the film, the killers are called "Alex and Eric" after the actors who portray them, <a href="/wiki/Alex_Frost" title="Alex Frost">Alex Frost</a> and Eric Deulen. </p><p>In the 2003 <a href="/wiki/Ben_Coccio" title="Ben Coccio">Ben Coccio</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Zero_Day_(2003_film)" title="Zero Day (2003 film)">Zero Day</a></i>, which was inspired by the Columbine shooting, two shooters are played by Andre Keuck and <a href="/wiki/Cal_Robertson" title="Cal Robertson">Cal Robertson</a> and called "Andre and Calvin" after their actors.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_complex" title="God complex">God complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_attacks_related_to_secondary_schools" title="List of attacks related to secondary schools">List of attacks related to secondary schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_(before_2000)" title="List of school shootings in the United States (before 2000)">List of school shootings in the United States</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neither Harris nor Klebold used their knives during the shooting.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harris and Klebold directly wounded 21 people by gunfire; three others received injuries related to the attack.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Many early reports said the Columbine massacre was the worst school-related massacre in U.S. history.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the 1927 <a href="/wiki/Bath_School_disaster" title="Bath School disaster">Bath School disaster</a> (a bombing) left 44 dead. The 1966 <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_tower_shooting" title="University of Texas tower shooting">University of Texas tower shooting</a> was the deadliest school shooting at the time. It remained the deadliest high school shooting in American history until the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Stoneman_Douglas_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoneman Douglas High School shooting">Stoneman Douglas High School shooting</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">They did not appear in a group photo of the Trench Coat Mafia in the yearbook.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Harris's father stated that his son was "a member of what they call the Trench Coat Mafia" in the 9-1-1 call he made on April 20, 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In 2012, sociologist Nathalie E. Paton of the <a href="/wiki/Centre_national_de_la_recherche_scientifique" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre national de la recherche scientifique">National Center for Scientific Research</a> in Paris analyzed the videos created by post-Columbine school shooting perpetrators. A recurring set of motifs was found, including explicit statements of admiration and identification with previous perpetrators. Paton said the videos serve the perpetrators by distinguishing themselves from their classmates and associating themselves with the previous perpetrators.<sup id="cite_ref-yorker_152-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yorker-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CDPmap-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CDPmap_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st08_co/place/p0816110_columbine/DC10BLK_P0816110_001.pdf">2010 Census – Census Block Map: Columbine CDP, CO</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071354/http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/GUBlock/st08_co/place/p0816110_columbine/DC10BLK_P0816110_001.pdf">Archived</a> March 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on April 25, 2015. The school's location is on Pierce Street, which runs north-south through Columbine, roughly one mile west of the Littleton city limit.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0424w.htm">"Columbine – Tragedy and Recovery"</a>. <i>extras.denverpost.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502080616/https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0424w.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Conundrum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781938633270" title="Special:BookSources/9781938633270"><bdi>9781938633270</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921102312/https://books.google.com/books?id=y-y9CgAAQBAJ&q=%22It+was+the+hardest+moving+from+Plattsburgh.+I+have+the+most+memories+from+there%2C%22&pg=PT65">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2020</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columbine%3A+A+True+Crime+Story&rft.pub=Conundrum+Press&rft.date=2014-02-18&rft.isbn=9781938633270&rft.aulast=Kass&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy-y9CgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522It%2Bwas%2Bthe%2Bhardest%2Bmoving%2Bfrom%2BPlattsburgh.%2BI%2Bhave%2Bthe%2Bmost%2Bmemories%2Bfrom%2Bthere%2C%2522%26pg%3DPT65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLi1999" class="citation news cs1">Li, David K. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Lethal+Geeks+Were+Made+For+Each+Other&rft.date=1999-04-22&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=David+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F1999%2F04%2F22%2Flethal-geeks-were-made-for-each-other%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://schoolshooters.info/eric-harriss-autopsy-report#:~:text=The%20report%20also%20notes%20that,pectus%20excavatum%20was%20still%20observable">"Eric Harris's Autopsy Report"</a>. School Shooters .info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221205113338/https://schoolshooters.info/eric-harriss-autopsy-report#:~:text=The%20report%20also%20notes%20that,pectus%20excavatum%20was%20still%20observable">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eric+Harris%27s+Autopsy+Report&rft.pub=School+Shooters+.info&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fschoolshooters.info%2Feric-harriss-autopsy-report%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520report%2520also%2520notes%2520that%2Cpectus%2520excavatum%2520was%2520still%2520observable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_S._Rosenwald2021" class="citation news cs1">Michael S. Rosenwald (October 23, 2021) [2016-04-20]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/local/wp/2016/04/20/damaged-masculinity-may-help-explain-columbine-and-other-mass-shootings/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Damaged masculinity' may help explain Columbine and other mass shootings"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1330888409">1330888409</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220906165415/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/local/wp/2016/04/20/damaged-masculinity-may-help-explain-columbine-and-other-mass-shootings/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Damaged+masculinity%27+may+help+explain+Columbine+and+other+mass+shootings&rft.date=2021-10-23&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1330888409&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.au=Michael+S.+Rosenwald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fwp%2F2016%2F04%2F20%2Fdamaged-masculinity-may-help-explain-columbine-and-other-mass-shootings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Template:WaPoCheckDates" title="Template:WaPoCheckDates"><span title="These script-retrieved dates may not quite match those displayed in the article">please check these dates</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sides-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sides_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs,_BillBlevins,_Jason1999" class="citation news cs1">Briggs, Bill; Blevins, Jason (May 2, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502b.htm">"A Boy With Many Sides"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Denver_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver Post">Denver Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111027201910/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502b.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Denver+Post&rft.atitle=A+Boy+With+Many+Sides&rft.date=1999-05-02&rft.au=Briggs%2C+Bill&rft.au=Blevins%2C+Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fextras.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fshot0502b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006163130/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/12/05/columbine.diary/">"Columbine killer envisioned crashing plane in NYC"</a>. CNN. December 6, 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/12/05/columbine.diary/">the original</a> on October 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Columbine+killer+envisioned+crashing+plane+in+NYC&rft.date=2001-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.cnn.com%2F2001%2FUS%2F12%2F05%2Fcolumbine.diary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantiago2019" class="citation news cs1">Santiago, Ellyn (April 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heavy.com/news/2019/04/eric-harris-parents-brother-wayne-kathy-kevin-harris/">"Eric Harris' Parents & Brother, Wayne, Kathy & Kevin Harris: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Heavy.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy.com">Heavy.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013847/https://heavy.com/news/2019/04/eric-harris-parents-brother-wayne-kathy-kevin-harris/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heavy.com&rft.atitle=Eric+Harris%27+Parents+%26+Brother%2C+Wayne%2C+Kathy+%26+Kevin+Harris%3A+5+Fast+Facts+You+Need+to+Know&rft.date=2019-04-17&rft.aulast=Santiago&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheavy.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F04%2Feric-harris-parents-brother-wayne-kathy-kevin-harris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHATTERED-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SHATTERED_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelluckWilgoren1999" class="citation news cs1">Belluck, Pam; Wilgoren, Jodi (June 29, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/29/us/shattered-lives-special-report-caring-parents-no-answers-columbine-killers-pasts.html">"Shattered Lives – A special report.; Caring Parents, No Answers, In Columbine Killers' Pasts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126072351/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/29/us/shattered-lives-special-report-caring-parents-no-answers-columbine-killers-pasts.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Shattered+Lives+%E2%80%93+A+special+report.%3B+Caring+Parents%2C+No+Answers%2C+In+Columbine+Killers%27+Pasts&rft.date=1999-06-29&rft.aulast=Belluck&rft.aufirst=Pam&rft.au=Wilgoren%2C+Jodi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F06%2F29%2Fus%2Fshattered-lives-special-report-caring-parents-no-answers-columbine-killers-pasts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/columbine.cd/Pages/SWAT_MOVE_TEXT.htm">"SWAT_MOVE_TEXT"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200124105430/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/columbine.cd/Pages/SWAT_MOVE_TEXT.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=SWAT_MOVE_TEXT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FSPECIALS%2F2000%2Fcolumbine.cd%2FPages%2FSWAT_MOVE_TEXT.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/1999/0503/p3s1.html">"Portrait of two teens reveals a lot of gray"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. May 3, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611004225/https://www.csmonitor.com/1999/0503/p3s1.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Portrait+of+two+teens+reveals+a+lot+of+gray&rft.date=1999-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F1999%2F0503%2Fp3s1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/eric-harris">"Eric Harris"</a>. <i>www.biography.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200414015833/https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/eric-harris">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.biography.com&rft.atitle=Eric+Harris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fcrime-figure%2Feric-harris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0423d.htm">"The Denver Post Online – Columbine – Tragedy and Recovery"</a>. <i>extras.denverpost.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180225081800/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0423d.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=extras.denverpost.com&rft.atitle=The+Denver+Post+Online+%E2%80%93+Columbine+%E2%80%93+Tragedy+and+Recovery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextras.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fshot0423d.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acolumbinesite.com/eric.php">"^^ Eric David Harris ^^"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723095423/http://www.acolumbinesite.com/eric.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5E%5E+Eric+David+Harris+%5E%5E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.acolumbinesite.com%2Feric.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDukakis2016" class="citation web cs1">Dukakis, Andrea (February 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cpr.org/show-segment/ill-never-know-if-i-could-have-prevented-it-says-mother-of-columbine-shooter/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I'll Never Know If I Could Have Prevented It,' Says Mother Of Columbine Shooter"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Public_Radio" title="Colorado Public Radio">Colorado Public Radio</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805114756/https://www.cpr.org/show-segment/ill-never-know-if-i-could-have-prevented-it-says-mother-of-columbine-shooter/">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27I%27ll+Never+Know+If+I+Could+Have+Prevented+It%2C%27+Says+Mother+Of+Columbine+Shooter&rft.pub=Colorado+Public+Radio&rft.date=2016-02-16&rft.aulast=Dukakis&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpr.org%2Fshow-segment%2Fill-never-know-if-i-could-have-prevented-it-says-mother-of-columbine-shooter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502c.htm">"Life and death of a follower"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616045644/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502c.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Life+and+death+of+a+follower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextras.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fshot0502c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mult1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mult1_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mult1_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeppek1999" class="citation web cs1">Leppek, Chris (April 30, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070329233932/http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/11140/edition_id/213/format/html/displaystory.html">"Dylan Klebold led life of religious contradictions"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/11140/edition_id/213/format/html/displaystory.html">the original</a> on March 29, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dylan+Klebold+led+life+of+religious+contradictions&rft.date=1999-04-30&rft.aulast=Leppek&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishsf.com%2Fcontent%2F2-0-%2Fmodule%2Fdisplaystory%2Fstory_id%2F11140%2Fedition_id%2F213%2Fformat%2Fhtml%2Fdisplaystory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Mother's Reckoning: Living in the Aftermath of the Columbine Tragedy</i> p. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/dylan-klebold">"Dylan Klebold – Columbine School Shooting, Parents & Journal"</a>. <i>www.biography.com</i>. June 18, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201081743/https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/dylan-klebold">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.biography.com&rft.atitle=Dylan+Klebold+%E2%80%93+Columbine+School+Shooting%2C+Parents+%26+Journal&rft.date=2020-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fcrime-figure%2Fdylan-klebold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-acolumbinesite.com-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-acolumbinesite.com_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-acolumbinesite.com_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC_Shepard" class="citation web cs1">C Shepard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acolumbinesite.com/dylan.php">"^^ Dylan Bennet Klebold ^^"</a>. Acolumbinesite.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723095423/http://www.acolumbinesite.com/dylan.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5E%5E+Dylan+Bennet+Klebold+%5E%5E&rft.pub=Acolumbinesite.com&rft.au=C+Shepard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acolumbinesite.com%2Fdylan.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acolumbinesite.com/dylan.php">"^^ Dylan Bennet Klebold ^^"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723095423/http://www.acolumbinesite.com/dylan.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5E%5E+Dylan+Bennet+Klebold+%5E%5E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acolumbinesite.com%2Fdylan.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Culver, Virginia (April 28, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0428d.htm">"Klebolds 'loneliest people on the planet'"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055334/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0428d.htm">Archived</a> September 21, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/columbine.cd/Pages/SUSPECTS_TEXT.htm">"Suspects_Text"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508103216/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/columbine.cd/Pages/SUSPECTS_TEXT.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Suspects_Text&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FSPECIALS%2F2000%2Fcolumbine.cd%2FPages%2FSUSPECTS_TEXT.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/1999/0503/p3s1.html">"Portrait of two teens reveals a lot of gray"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. May 3, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611004225/https://www.csmonitor.com/1999/0503/p3s1.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Portrait+of+two+teens+reveals+a+lot+of+gray&rft.date=1999-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F1999%2F0503%2Fp3s1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-columbine-shooters/">"The Columbine Shooters"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. April 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181111201929/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-columbine-shooters/">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=The+Columbine+Shooters&rft.date=2009-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-columbine-shooters%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502b.htm">"A boy with many sides"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190607002355/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0502b.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+boy+with+many+sides&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextras.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fshot0502b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-psych-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-psych_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-psych_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seacoastonline.com/article/19990503/news/305039989">"Psychologists say Harris, Klebold became deadly mix"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201107113922/https://www.seacoastonline.com/article/19990503/news/305039989">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Psychologists+say+Harris%2C+Klebold+became+deadly+mix&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seacoastonline.com%2Farticle%2F19990503%2Fnews%2F305039989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Antisocial-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Antisocial_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Antisocial_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAchenbachRussakoff1999" class="citation news cs1">Achenbach, Joel; Russakoff, Dale (April 29, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/april99/antisocial04299.htm">"Teen Shooter's Life Paints Antisocial Portrait"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191026082703/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/april99/antisocial04299.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Teen+Shooter%27s+Life+Paints+Antisocial+Portrait&rft.date=1999-04-29&rft.aulast=Achenbach&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.au=Russakoff%2C+Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fnational%2Fdaily%2Fapril99%2Fantisocial04299.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-basement-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-basement_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-basement_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-basement_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangman2014" class="citation web cs1">Langman, Peter (July 29, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/columbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf">"Transcript of the Columbine "Basement Tapes"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>schoolshooters.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150715180540/https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/columbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on July 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=schoolshooters.info&rft.atitle=Transcript+of+the+Columbine+%22Basement+Tapes%22&rft.date=2014-07-29&rft.aulast=Langman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fschoolshooters.info%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fcolumbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKohn1999" class="citation web cs1">Kohn, David (April 17, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/columbine-were-there-warning-signs/">"Columbine: Were There Warning Signs?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200706175129/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/columbine-were-there-warning-signs/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Columbine%3A+Were+There+Warning+Signs%3F&rft.date=1999-04-17&rft.aulast=Kohn&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fcolumbine-were-there-warning-signs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/25/dave-cullen-columbine">"Dave Cullen on the Columbine killer Dylan Klebold"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a></i>. April 24, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201019031751/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/25/dave-cullen-columbine">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Dave+Cullen+on+the+Columbine+killer+Dylan+Klebold&rft.date=2009-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2009%2Fapr%2F25%2Fdave-cullen-columbine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/25/dave-cullen-columbine">"The reluctant killer | Columbine"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. April 24, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201019031751/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/25/dave-cullen-columbine">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+reluctant+killer+%26%23124%3B+Columbine&rft.date=2009-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2009%2Fapr%2F25%2Fdave-cullen-columbine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrendergast2009" class="citation web cs1">Prendergast, Alan (April 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westword.com/news/forgiving-my-columbine-high-school-friend-dylan-klebold-5834485">"Forgiving my Columbine High School friend, Dylan Klebold"</a>. <i>Westword</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621134956/https://www.westword.com/news/forgiving-my-columbine-high-school-friend-dylan-klebold-5834485">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Westword&rft.atitle=Forgiving+my+Columbine+High+School+friend%2C+Dylan+Klebold&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft.aulast=Prendergast&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.westword.com%2Fnews%2Fforgiving-my-columbine-high-school-friend-dylan-klebold-5834485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHari2004" class="citation news cs1">Hari, Johann (January 15, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-cult-of-eric-and-dylan-73697.html">"The cult of Eric and Dylan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190530054106/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-cult-of-eric-and-dylan-73697.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+cult+of+Eric+and+Dylan&rft.date=2004-01-15&rft.aulast=Hari&rft.aufirst=Johann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fthe-cult-of-eric-and-dylan-73697.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXxSlenderMotoxX2012" class="citation web cs1">XxSlenderMotoxX (November 9, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4K8YE1ZatU">"Zero Hour – Massacre at Columbine High"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190613063423/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4K8YE1ZatU">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2019</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zero+Hour+%E2%80%93+Massacre+at+Columbine+High&rft.date=2012-11-09&rft.au=XxSlenderMotoxX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Da4K8YE1ZatU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVodka'sHypnosis2016" class="citation web cs1">Vodka'sHypnosis (April 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geKLr1yPupI">"Sue Klebold's Interview: After Words With Sue Klebold – BOOK TV"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191208215953/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geKLr1yPupI">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2019</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sue+Klebold%27s+Interview%3A+After+Words+With+Sue+Klebold+%E2%80%93+BOOK+TV&rft.date=2016-04-24&rft.au=Vodka%27sHypnosis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DgeKLr1yPupI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DenverWestword1-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DenverWestword1_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DenverWestword1_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrendergast,_Alan2000" class="citation news cs1">Prendergast, Alan (July 13, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westword.com/2000-07-13/news/the-missing-motive/">"The Missing Motive"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Denver_Westword_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver Westword News">Denver Westword News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120728033506/http://www.westword.com/2000-07-13/news/the-missing-motive/">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Denver+Westword+News&rft.atitle=The+Missing+Motive&rft.date=2000-07-13&rft.au=Prendergast%2C+Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.westword.com%2F2000-07-13%2Fnews%2Fthe-missing-motive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brooksbrown-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brooksbrown_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brooksbrown_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownMerritt2002" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Brooks; Merritt, Rob (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pdfy-pC_WzWbOzxls5ms1"><i>No Easy Answers: The Truth Behind Death at Columbine</i></a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Lantern_Books" title="Lantern Books">Lantern Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59056-031-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59056-031-0"><bdi>978-1-59056-031-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170531090118/https://archive.org/details/pdfy-pC_WzWbOzxls5ms1">Archived</a> from the original on May 31, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Easy+Answers%3A+The+Truth+Behind+Death+at+Columbine&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Lantern+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-59056-031-0&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Brooks&rft.au=Merritt%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpdfy-pC_WzWbOzxls5ms1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DenverWestword2-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DenverWestword2_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DenverWestword2_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrendergast2009" class="citation web cs1">Prendergast, Alan (April 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.westword.com/latestword/2009/04/forgiving_my_friend_dylan_kleb.php">"Forgiving my Columbine High School friend, Dylan Klebold"</a>. <i>Denver Westword Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090420030056/http://blogs.westword.com/latestword/2009/04/forgiving_my_friend_dylan_kleb.php">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Denver+Westword+Post&rft.atitle=Forgiving+my+Columbine+High+School+friend%2C+Dylan+Klebold&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft.aulast=Prendergast&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.westword.com%2Flatestword%2F2009%2F04%2Fforgiving_my_friend_dylan_kleb.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooks2004" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Brooks_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Brooks (journalist)">Brooks, David</a> (April 24, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204104540/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/24/opinion/the-columbine-killers.html">"The Columbine Killers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/24/opinion/the-columbine-killers.html">the original</a> on February 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Columbine+Killers&rft.date=2004-04-24&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F04%2F24%2Fopinion%2Fthe-columbine-killers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToppo2009" class="citation news cs1">Toppo, Greg (April 14, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-04-13-columbine-myths_N.htm">"10 years later, the real story behind Columbine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090415152154/http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-04-13-columbine-myths_N.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=10+years+later%2C+the+real+story+behind+Columbine&rft.date=2009-04-14&rft.aulast=Toppo&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2009-04-13-columbine-myths_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_58-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilgoren1999" class="citation news cs1">Wilgoren, Jodi (April 25, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170626024728/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/25/us/terror-in-littleton-the-group-society-of-outcasts-began-with-a-99-black-coat.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">"Terror in Littleton: the Group; Society of Outcasts Began With a $99 Black Coat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/25/us/terror-in-littleton-the-group-society-of-outcasts-began-with-a-99-black-coat.html">the original</a> on June 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Terror+in+Littleton%3A+the+Group%3B+Society+of+Outcasts+Began+With+a+%2499+Black+Coat&rft.date=1999-04-25&rft.aulast=Wilgoren&rft.aufirst=Jodi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F04%2F25%2Fus%2Fterror-in-littleton-the-group-society-of-outcasts-began-with-a-99-black-coat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130902001210/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/325054.stm">"Who are the Trenchcoat Mafia?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. April 21, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/325054.stm">the original</a> on September 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Who+are+the+Trenchcoat+Mafia%3F&rft.date=1999-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F325054.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKass2009" class="citation book cs1">Kass, Jeff (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eHQ7OgAACAAJ"><i>Columbine: A True Crime Story</i></a>. Denver, Colorado: Ghost Road Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9816525-6-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9816525-6-6"><bdi>978-0-9816525-6-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140105034627/http://books.google.com/books?id=eHQ7OgAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columbine%3A+A+True+Crime+Story&rft.place=Denver%2C+Colorado&rft.pub=Ghost+Road+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-9816525-6-6&rft.aulast=Kass&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeHQ7OgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FatalFriendship-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FatalFriendship_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartelsCrowder1999" class="citation news cs1">Bartels, Linda; Crowder, Carla (August 22, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205024601/http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0822fata1.shtml">"Fatal Friendship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Denver_Rocky_Mountain_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver Rocky Mountain News">Denver Rocky Mountain News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0822fata1.shtml">the original</a> on December 5, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Denver+Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Fatal+Friendship&rft.date=1999-08-22&rft.aulast=Bartels&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Crowder%2C+Carla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdenver.rockymountainnews.com%2Fshooting%2F0822fata1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/US/9904/21/harris.profile.02/index.html">"Harris hinted at violence to come"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. April 22, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120826205519/http://edition.cnn.com/US/9904/21/harris.profile.02/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Harris+hinted+at+violence+to+come&rft.date=1999-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FUS%2F9904%2F21%2Fharris.profile.02%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130316001137/http://acolumbinesite.com/reports/cr/p10501-10600.pdf">"Originals to Evidence"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>acolumbinesite.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Acolumbinesite.com&rft.atitle=Columbine+shooter+Eric+Harris%27+Journals+and+Writing&rft.aulast=Shepard&rft.aufirst=Cyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Facolumbinesite.com%2Feric%2Fwriting%2Fjournal%2Fjournal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKass2009">Kass 2009</a>, pp. 197–199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salon-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salon_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullen1999" class="citation web cs1">Cullen, Dave (September 23, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/1999/09/23/columbine_4/">"Inside the Columbine High investigation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Salon_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salon (website)">Salon</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517044320/http://www.salon.com/1999/09/23/columbine_4/">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro.co.uk&rft.atitle=Remembering+the+13+victims+of+Columbine+High+School+massacre+20+years+on&rft.date=2019-04-20&rft.aulast=Berg+Olsen&rft.aufirst=Martine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2019%2F04%2F20%2Fremembering-the-13-victims-of-columbine-high-school-massacre-20-years-on-9228117%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acolumbinesite.com/victim/injured3.php#lisa">"Injured and Survivors of the Columbine High School shooting"</a>. <i>www.acolumbinesite.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200425135313/http://www.acolumbinesite.com/victim/injured3.php#lisa">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.acolumbinesite.com&rft.atitle=Injured+and+Survivors+of+the+Columbine+High+School+shooting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acolumbinesite.com%2Fvictim%2Finjured3.php%23lisa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fatal-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fatal_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartelsCarla_Crowder1999" class="citation news cs1">Bartels, Lynn; Carla Crowder (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010221031521/http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0822fata1.shtml">"Fatal Friendship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountain_News" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rocky Mountain News">The Rocky Mountain News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0822fata1.shtml">the original</a> on February 21, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Fatal+Friendship&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Bartels&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.au=Carla+Crowder&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdenver.rockymountainnews.com%2Fshooting%2F0822fata1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acolumbinesite.com/reports/cr/p0001-0100.pdf">Progress Report, Case # 99-16215</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904084603/http://www.acolumbinesite.com/reports/cr/p0001-0100.pdf">Archived</a> September 4, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pp. 98–99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Columbine Report documents, p. JC-001-008937</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrabbé2012" class="citation book cs1">Krabbé, Tim (2012). <i>Wij Zijn Maar Wij Zijn Niet Geschift</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0428cros1.shtml">the original</a> on May 12, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Crosses+for+Harris%2C+Klebold+join+13+others&rft.date=1999-04-28&rft.aulast=Fong&rft.aufirst=Tillie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdenver.rockymountainnews.com%2Fshooting%2F0428cros1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZewe1999" class="citation news cs1">Zewe, Charles (May 1, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070211044128/http://www.cnn.com/US/9905/01/school.shooting.03/index.html">"Authorities say Columbine shooters acted alone"</a>. CNN. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/US/9905/01/school.shooting.03/index.html">the original</a> on February 11, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Authorities+say+Columbine+shooters+acted+alone&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.aulast=Zewe&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FUS%2F9905%2F01%2Fschool.shooting.03%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910091713/http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/pdf/900columbinedocs.pdf">"Columbine Documents"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Rocky Mountain News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/pdf/900columbinedocs.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 10, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Columbine+Documents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdenver.rockymountainnews.com%2Fpdf%2F900columbinedocs.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna12370508">"Columbine killers' diaries offer chilling insight"</a>. <i>msnbc.com</i>. July 7, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180805120335/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/12370508/ns/us_news-crime_and_courts/t/columbine-killers-diaries-offer-chilling-insight/">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=msnbc.com&rft.atitle=Columbine+killers%27+diaries+offer+chilling+insight&rft.date=2006-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna12370508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinton2012" class="citation book cs1">Hinton, Sam (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/psychologyofterr00stou/page/20">"Troubled Children: Dealing with Anger and Depression"</a>. <i>Psychology of Children: Coping with the Dangerous Threats</i>. Hammond. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/psychologyofterr00stou/page/20">20</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-98207-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-98207-2"><bdi>978-0-275-98207-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Troubled+Children%3A+Dealing+with+Anger+and+Depression&rft.btitle=Psychology+of+Children%3A+Coping+with+the+Dangerous+Threats&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Hammond&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98207-2&rft.aulast=Hinton&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpsychologyofterr00stou%2Fpage%2F20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hinton-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hinton_104-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hinton_104-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyckman2000" class="citation news cs1">Ryckman, Lisa (May 16, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090125214115/http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0516bguy2.shtml">"Demonic plan was months in making"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_News" title="Rocky Mountain News">Rocky Mountain News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denver.rockymountainnews.com/shooting/0516bguy2.shtml">the original</a> on January 25, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Demonic+plan+was+months+in+making&rft.date=2000-05-16&rft.aulast=Ryckman&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdenver.rockymountainnews.com%2Fshooting%2F0516bguy2.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0819.htm">"The Denver Post Online – Columbine – Tragedy and Recovery"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190607001450/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/shot0819.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Denver+Post+Online+%E2%80%93+Columbine+%E2%80%93+Tragedy+and+Recovery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextras.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fshot0819.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2008" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Scott (2008). "Columbine". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nF8YAQAAIAAJ&q=KMFDM+songs"><i>Great Satan's Rage</i></a>. Manchester, England: <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>. pp. 138–139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7463-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7463-9"><bdi>978-0-7190-7463-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921102259/https://books.google.com/books?id=nF8YAQAAIAAJ&q=KMFDM+songs">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Columbine&rft.btitle=Great+Satan%27s+Rage&rft.place=Manchester%2C+England&rft.pages=138-139&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-7463-9&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnF8YAQAAIAAJ%26q%3DKMFDM%2Bsongs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTV-speakout-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MTV-speakout_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120209222140/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1427256/kmfdm-rammstein-speak-out-about-columbine.jhtml">"KMFDM And Rammstein Speak Out About Columbine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MTV_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Networks">MTV Networks</a>. April 23, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1427256/kmfdm-rammstein-speak-out-about-columbine.jhtml">the original</a> on February 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KMFDM+And+Rammstein+Speak+Out+About+Columbine&rft.pub=MTV+Networks&rft.date=1999-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F1427256%2Fkmfdm-rammstein-speak-out-about-columbine.jhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nl.newsbank.com-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nl.newsbank.com_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DN&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI%7CDN&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB5CE474D7991CD&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Music Linked To Killings?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Daily_News" title="Philadelphia Daily News">Philadelphia Daily News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Knight_Ridder" title="Knight Ridder">Knight Ridder</a>. April 22, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130523142622/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DN&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI%7CDN&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB5CE474D7991CD&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philadelphia+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Music+Linked+To+Killings%3F&rft.date=1999-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DDN%26s_site%3Dphilly%26p_multi%3DPI%257CDN%26p_theme%3Drealcities%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0EB5CE474D7991CD%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KMFDM1999-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KMFDM1999_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoehlert,_Eric1999" class="citation magazine cs1">Boehlert, Eric (April 23, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/an-old-debate-emerges-in-wake-of-shooting-19990422">"An Old Debate Emerges in Wake of School Shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Wenner_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenner Media">Wenner Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714124258/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/an-old-debate-emerges-in-wake-of-shooting-19990422">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=An+Old+Debate+Emerges+in+Wake+of+School+Shooting&rft.date=1999-04-23&rft.au=Boehlert%2C+Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2Fan-old-debate-emerges-in-wake-of-shooting-19990422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPo-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDugganShearFisher1999" class="citation news cs1">Duggan, Paul; Shear, Michael D.; Fisher, Marc (April 22, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/april99/suspects042299.htm">"Shooter Pair Mixed Fantasy, Reality"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. p. A1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604153617/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/april99/suspects042299.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Shooter+Pair+Mixed+Fantasy%2C+Reality&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=1999-04-22&rft.aulast=Duggan&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Shear%2C+Michael+D.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fnational%2Fdaily%2Fapril99%2Fsuspects042299.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-langman_16-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-langman_16_111-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-langman_16_111-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangman2016" class="citation web cs1">Langman, Peter (February 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/harris_search_for_justification_1.3.pdf">"Eric Harris: The Search for Justification"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120065247/https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/harris_search_for_justification_1.3.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 20, 2021. <q>If people would give me more compliments all of this might still be avoidable... but probably not.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eric+Harris%3A+The+Search+for+Justification&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.aulast=Langman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fschoolshooters.info%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fharris_search_for_justification_1.3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://schoolshooters.info/dylan-klebolds-journal-and-other-writings-transcribed-and-annotated">"Dylan Klebold's Journal and Other Writings Transcribed and Annotated"</a>. <i>SchoolShooters.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231231033632/https://schoolshooters.info/dylan-klebolds-journal-and-other-writings-transcribed-and-annotated">Archived</a> from the original on December 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SchoolShooters.info&rft.atitle=Dylan+Klebold%27s+Journal+and+Other+Writings+Transcribed+and+Annotated&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fschoolshooters.info%2Fdylan-klebolds-journal-and-other-writings-transcribed-and-annotated&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwxoDRYJ7_M">"Massacre at Columbine High"</a>. <i>Zero Hour</i>. Season 1. Episode 3. 2004. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (U.S. TV channel)">History</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150108181605/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwxoDRYJ7_M">Archived</a> from the original on January 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zero+Hour&rft.series=Season+1.+Episode+3&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DuwxoDRYJ7_M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/columbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Transcript of the Columbine "Basement Tapes"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150715180540/https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/columbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on July 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Transcript+of+the+Columbine+%22Basement+Tapes%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fschoolshooters.info%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fcolumbine_basement_tapes_1.0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span>"There is nothing you guys could have done to prevent any of this. There is nothing that anyone could have done to prevent this. No one is to blame except me and Vodka [Klebold's nickname]. Our actions are a two man war against everyone else."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPankratz2000" class="citation news cs1">Pankratz, Howard (October 3, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130607090541/http://extras.denverpost.com/news/col1003a.htm">"Columbine bullying no myth, panel told"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Denver_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver Post">Denver Post</a></i>. 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February 14, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821095422/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/14/columbine-sue-klebold-mothers-reckoning-extract">Archived</a> from the original on August 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=%27Dylan+had+killed+children+in+cold+blood%27%3A+Life+after+the+Columbine+massacre&rft.date=2016-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2016%2Ffeb%2F14%2Fcolumbine-sue-klebold-mothers-reckoning-extract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-silence-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-silence_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlebold2009" class="citation web cs1">Klebold, Susan (November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/susan-klebolds-o-magazine-essay-i-will-never-know-why">"I Will Never Know Why"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/O,_The_Oprah_Magazine" title="O, The Oprah Magazine">O, The Oprah Magazine</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160218192008/http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/Susan-Klebolds-O-Magazine-Essay-I-Will-Never-Know-Why">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O%2C+The+Oprah+Magazine&rft.atitle=I+Will+Never+Know+Why&rft.date=2009-11&rft.aulast=Klebold&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oprah.com%2Fomagazine%2Fsusan-klebolds-o-magazine-essay-i-will-never-know-why&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121129202158/http://shine.yahoo.com/parenting/columbine-shooter-dylan-klebold-8217-parents-speak-191300537.html">"Columbine Shooter Dylan Klebold's Parents Speak Out"</a>. November 14, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shine.yahoo.com/parenting/columbine-shooter-dylan-klebold-8217-parents-speak-191300537.html">the original</a> on November 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbine+Shooter+Dylan+Klebold%27s+Parents+Speak+Out&rft.date=2012-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fshine.yahoo.com%2Fparenting%2Fcolumbine-shooter-dylan-klebold-8217-parents-speak-191300537.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/columbine-shooters-mother-sue-klebold-hold-1st-tv/story?id=32640658">"Columbine shooter Dylan Klebold's mother to hold first TV interview"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. July 23, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160106053155/https://abcnews.go.com/US/columbine-shooters-mother-sue-klebold-hold-1st-tv/story?id=32640658">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Columbine+shooter+Dylan+Klebold%27s+mother+to+hold+first+TV+interview&rft.date=2015-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2Fcolumbine-shooters-mother-sue-klebold-hold-1st-tv%2Fstory%3Fid%3D32640658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlebold2016" class="citation book cs1">Klebold, Sue (2016). <i>A Mother's Reckoning: Living in the Aftermath of Tragedy</i>. Amzon.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1101902752" title="Special:BookSources/978-1101902752"><bdi>978-1101902752</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Mother%27s+Reckoning%3A+Living+in+the+Aftermath+of+Tragedy&rft.pub=Amzon.com&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1101902752&rft.aulast=Klebold&rft.aufirst=Sue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/28/books/review/inside-the-new-york-times-book-review-podcast-a-mothers-reckoning.html?_r=0">"Inside The New York Times Book Review Podcast: 'A Mother's Reckoning'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. February 26, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160325160152/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/28/books/review/inside-the-new-york-times-book-review-podcast-a-mothers-reckoning.html?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Inside+The+New+York+Times+Book+Review+Podcast%3A+%27A+Mother%27s+Reckoning%27&rft.date=2016-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F02%2F28%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Finside-the-new-york-times-book-review-podcast-a-mothers-reckoning.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lauratuckerbooks.com/2-New-York-Times-bestseller-Mesmerizing-heart-stopping-I-beseech">"#2 New York Times bestseller: "Mesmerizing, heart-stopping. I beseech"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>lauratuckerbooks.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161029125917/http://lauratuckerbooks.com/2-New-York-Times-bestseller-Mesmerizing-heart-stopping-I-beseech">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lauratuckerbooks.com&rft.atitle=%232+New+York+Times+bestseller%3A+%22Mesmerizing%2C+heart-stopping.+I+beseech%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flauratuckerbooks.com%2F2-New-York-Times-bestseller-Mesmerizing-heart-stopping-I-beseech&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlebold2017" class="citation web cs1">Klebold, Sue (February 2, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ted.com/talks/sue_klebold_my_son_was_a_columbine_shooter_this_is_my_story">"My son was a Columbine shooter. This is my story"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204064633/http://www.ted.com/talks/sue_klebold_my_son_was_a_columbine_shooter_this_is_my_story">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+son+was+a+Columbine+shooter.+This+is+my+story&rft.date=2017-02-02&rft.aulast=Klebold&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ted.com%2Ftalks%2Fsue_klebold_my_son_was_a_columbine_shooter_this_is_my_story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Sue_Klebold" class="citation web cs1">Klebold, Sue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amothersreckoning.com/a-note-from-sue-klebold">"A Note from Sue Klebold"</a>. <i>amothersreckoning.com</i>. A Mother's Reckoning. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200814001521/https://www.amothersreckoning.com/a-note-from-sue-klebold">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amothersreckoning.com&rft.atitle=A+Note+from+Sue+Klebold&rft.aulast=Klebold&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amothersreckoning.com%2Fa-note-from-sue-klebold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://napavalleyregister.com/news/columbine-killers-becoming-cultural-icons-to-some-researchers-say/article_7231b5aa-424c-5c67-8f13-2d6ee09f82b4.html">"Columbine killers becoming cultural icons to some, researchers say"</a>. April 16, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190629052135/https://napavalleyregister.com/news/columbine-killers-becoming-cultural-icons-to-some-researchers-say/article_7231b5aa-424c-5c67-8f13-2d6ee09f82b4.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbine+killers+becoming+cultural+icons+to+some%2C+researchers+say&rft.date=2001-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnapavalleyregister.com%2Fnews%2Fcolumbine-killers-becoming-cultural-icons-to-some-researchers-say%2Farticle_7231b5aa-424c-5c67-8f13-2d6ee09f82b4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48QbkER7b0s">"Columbine, Colorado"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. April 29, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201107114007/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48QbkER7b0s">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Columbine%2C+Colorado&rft.date=2018-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D48QbkER7b0s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/04/20/columbine.pop.culture/index.html">"Columbine left its indelible mark on pop culture - CNN.com"</a>. <i>www.cnn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191030092718/http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/04/20/columbine.pop.culture/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.cnn.com&rft.atitle=Columbine+left+its+indelible+mark+on+pop+culture+-+CNN.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2009%2FSHOWBIZ%2F04%2F20%2Fcolumbine.pop.culture%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tape-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tape_148-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbsRoche1999" class="citation magazine cs1">Gibbs, Nancy; Roche, Timothy (December 20, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121207005715/http://www.state.co.us/columbine/Appendix_E.pdf">"The Columbine Tapes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Columbine+Tapes&rft.date=1999-12-20&rft.aulast=Gibbs&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.au=Roche%2C+Timothy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.co.us%3A80%2Fcolumbine%2FAppendix_E.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hands-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hands_149-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2007/US/04/18/vtech.nbc/">"Shooter: 'You have blood on your hands'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. CNN. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/local/article/0,1299,DRMN_15_4702205,00.html">the original</a> on June 14, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocky+Mountain+News&rft.atitle=Video+game+reopens+Columbine+wounds%3B+Parents+of+victims+are+horrified%3B+creator+says+it%27s+for+%27real+dialogue%27&rft.date=2006-05-16&rft.au=Vaughan%2C+Kevin&rft.au=Brian+Crecente&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockymountainnews.com%2Fdrmn%2Flocal%2Farticle%2F0%2C1299%2CDRMN_15_4702205%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2006" class="citation news cs1">Staff (May 20, 2006). "Columbine game disgusts families". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Evening_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="The Evening Standard">The Evening Standard</a></i>. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Columbine+game+disgusts+families&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2006-05-20&rft.au=Staff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metro.us/im-not-ashamed-is-better-than-it-looks-but-also-bad-and-offensive/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I'm Not Ashamed' is better than it looks (but also bad and offensive)"</a>. <i>Metro US</i>. October 21, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200703054538/https://www.metro.us/im-not-ashamed-is-better-than-it-looks-but-also-bad-and-offensive/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metro+US&rft.atitle=%27I%27m+Not+Ashamed%27+is+better+than+it+looks+%28but+also+bad+and+offensive%29&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metro.us%2Fim-not-ashamed-is-better-than-it-looks-but-also-bad-and-offensive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoland,_Angela2003" class="citation news cs1">Doland, Angela (May 21, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/">"2003: Shades of Columbine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101120165506/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/05/21/entertainment/cannes/main554996.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=2003%3A+Shades+of+Columbine&rft.date=2003-05-21&rft.au=Doland%2C+Angela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoeder2002" class="citation web cs1">Roeder, Amy (September 1, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100205111318/http://newenglandfilm.com/news/archives/02september/zeroday.htm">"Zero Score"</a>. New England Film. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newenglandfilm.com/news/archives/02september/zeroday.htm">the original</a> on February 5, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zero+Score&rft.pub=New+England+Film&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.aulast=Roeder&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newenglandfilm.com%2Fnews%2Farchives%2F02september%2Fzeroday.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownRob_Merritt2002" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Brooks; Rob Merritt (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pdfy-pC_WzWbOzxls5ms1"><i>No Easy Answers: The Truth Behind Death at Columbine</i></a>. Lantern Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59056-031-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-59056-031-0"><bdi>1-59056-031-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Easy+Answers%3A+The+Truth+Behind+Death+at+Columbine&rft.pub=Lantern+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-59056-031-0&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Brooks&rft.au=Rob+Merritt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpdfy-pC_WzWbOzxls5ms1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullen2009" class="citation book cs1">Cullen, Dave (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FQtmAgAAQBAJ"><i>Columbine</i></a>. TwelveBooks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-446-54693-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-446-54693-5"><bdi>978-0-446-54693-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columbine&rft.pub=TwelveBooks&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-446-54693-5&rft.aulast=Cullen&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFQtmAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaggett,_Chelsea2015" class="citation journal cs1">Daggett, Chelsea (November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606063319/https://www.participations.org/Volume%2012/Issue%202/4.pdf">"Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold: Antiheroes for outcasts"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Participations:_Journal_of_Audience_%26_Reception_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies (page does not exist)">Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies</a></i>. <b>12</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1749-8716">1749-8716</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.participations.org/Volume%2012/Issue%202/4.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on June 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Participations%3A+Journal+of+Audience+%26+Reception+Studies&rft.atitle=Eric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold%3A+Antiheroes+for+outcasts&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2015-11&rft.issn=1749-8716&rft.au=Daggett%2C+Chelsea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.participations.org%2FVolume%252012%2FIssue%25202%2F4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarkin2007" class="citation book cs1">Larkin, Ralph W. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0t_mo8UQox8C"><i>Comprehending Columbine</i></a>. Temple University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-491-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-491-5"><bdi>978-1-59213-491-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comprehending+Columbine&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-59213-491-5&rft.aulast=Larkin&rft.aufirst=Ralph+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0t_mo8UQox8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRico2015" class="citation journal cs1">Rico, Andrew Ryan (September 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/671">"Fans of Columbine shooters Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Transformative_Works_and_Cultures" title="Transformative Works and Cultures">Transformative Works and Cultures</a></i>. <b>20</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3983%2Ftwc.2015.0671">10.3983/twc.2015.0671</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transformative+Works+and+Cultures&rft.atitle=Fans+of+Columbine+shooters+Eric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold&rft.volume=20&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3983%2Ftwc.2015.0671&rft.aulast=Rico&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournal.transformativeworks.org%2Findex.php%2Ftwc%2Farticle%2Fview%2F671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEric+Harris+and+Dylan+Klebold" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading 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class="extiw" title="c:Category:Columbine High School massacre"><b><i>Columbine High School massacre</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080629093128/http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/mass/littleton/index_1.html">Crimelibrary feature</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1286159/">Eric Harris</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1287666/">Dylan Klebold</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Mobbing" title="Mobbing">Mobbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_bullying_of_children" class="mw-redirect" title="Parental bullying of children">Parental bullying of children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_victimization" title="Peer victimization">Peer victimization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying#Prison_bullying" title="Bullying">Prison bullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankism" title="Rankism">Rank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_aggression" title="Relational aggression">Relational aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_bullying" title="School bullying">School bullying</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_of_students_in_higher_education" title="Bullying of students in higher education">Higher education</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_bullying" title="Sexual bullying">Sexual bullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_harassment" title="Workplace harassment">Workplace harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_bullying" title="Workplace bullying">Workplace bullying</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_bullying_in_academia" title="Workplace bullying in academia">Academia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_in_information_technology" title="Bullying in information technology">Information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_aspects_of_workplace_bullying" title="Legal aspects of workplace bullying">Legal aspects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_in_the_legal_profession" title="Bullying in the legal profession">Legal profession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_in_medicine" title="Bullying in medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_in_nursing" title="Bullying in nursing">Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_in_teaching" title="Bullying in teaching">Teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_leader" title="Toxic leader">Toxic leader</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_workplace" title="Toxic workplace">Toxic workplace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betrayal" title="Betrayal">Betrayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blacklisting" title="Blacklisting">Blacklisting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_and_emotional_intelligence" title="Bullying and emotional intelligence">Bullying and emotional intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture" title="Cancel culture">Cancel culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_assassination" title="Character assassination">Character assassination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coercion" title="Coercion">Coercion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_fear" title="Culture of fear">Culture of fear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">Defamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destabilisation" title="Destabilisation">Destabilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smear_campaign" title="Smear campaign">Discrediting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embarrassment" title="Embarrassment">Embarrassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_accusation" title="False accusation">False accusation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaslighting" title="Gaslighting">Gaslighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gossip" title="Gossip">Gossip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harassment" title="Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humiliation" title="Humiliation">Humiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incivility" title="Incivility">Incivility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intimidation" title="Intimidation">Intimidation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolation_to_facilitate_abuse" title="Isolation to facilitate abuse">Isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_up_kick_down" title="Kiss up kick down">Kiss up kick down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_games" title="Mind games">Mind games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_the_goalposts" title="Moving the goalposts">Moving the goalposts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagging" title="Nagging">Nagging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_calling" title="Name calling">Name calling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_hominem" title="Ad hominem">Personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_abuse" title="Physical abuse">Physical abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_abuse" title="Psychological abuse">Psychological abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudeness" title="Rudeness">Rudeness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcasm" title="Sarcasm">Sarcasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screaming" title="Screaming">Screaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shame" title="Shame">Shame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smear_campaign" title="Smear campaign">Smear campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_exclusion" title="Social exclusion">Social exclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_undermining" title="Social undermining">Social undermining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swatting" title="Swatting">Swatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunting" title="Taunting">Taunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_incivility" title="Workplace incivility">Workplace incivility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbal_abuse" title="Verbal abuse">Verbal abuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_Against_Bullying" title="Act Against Bullying">Act Against Bullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ban_Bossy" title="Ban Bossy">Ban Bossy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_UK" title="Bullying UK">Bullying UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bystander_Revolution" title="Bystander Revolution">Bystander Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Centre_for_Gender_and_Sexual_Diversity" title="Canadian Centre for Gender and Sexual Diversity">Canadian Centre for Gender and Sexual Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditch_the_Label" title="Ditch the Label">Ditch the Label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRIN_Campaign" title="GRIN Campaign">GRIN Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Gets_Better_Project" title="It Gets Better Project">It Gets Better Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidscape" title="Kidscape">Kidscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_Against_Violence_in_Education" title="Society Against Violence in Education">Society Against Violence in Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Costanza_Baldry" title="Anna Costanza Baldry">Anna Costanza Baldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Craig_(psychologist)" title="Wendy Craig (psychologist)">Wendy Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Espelage" title="Dorothy Espelage">Dorothy Espelage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_P._Farrington" title="David P. Farrington">David P. Farrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Hymel" title="Shelley Hymel">Shelley Hymel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Leymann" title="Heinz Leymann">Heinz Leymann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Namie" title="Gary Namie">Gary Namie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Higgins_Norman" title="James O'Higgins Norman">James O'Higgins Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Olweus" title="Dan Olweus">Dan Olweus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_Pepler" title="Debra Pepler">Debra Pepler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Salmivalli" title="Christina Salmivalli">Christina Salmivalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Westhues" title="Kenneth Westhues">Kenneth Westhues</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Adams" title="Andrea Adams">Andrea Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Burfitt-Dons" title="Louise Burfitt-Dons">Louise Burfitt-Dons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Field" title="Tim Field">Tim Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuEllen_Fried" title="SuEllen Fried">SuEllen Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Hackett" title="Liam Hackett">Liam Hackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Vel%C3%A1squez" title="Lizzie Velásquez">Lizzie Velásquez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Actions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Bullying_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Bullying Day">Anti-Bullying Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Bullying_Week" title="Anti-Bullying Week">Anti-Bullying Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-bullying_legislation" title="Anti-bullying legislation">Anti-bullying legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Pink" title="International Day of Pink">International Day of Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Stand_Up_to_Bullying_Day" title="International Stand Up to Bullying Day">International Stand Up to Bullying Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Before_You_Speak_(campaign)" title="Think Before You Speak (campaign)">Think Before You Speak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable <a href="/wiki/Bullying_and_suicide" title="Bullying and suicide">suicides</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_suicides_that_have_been_attributed_to_bullying" class="mw-redirect" title="List of suicides that have been attributed to bullying">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_William_Arthur_Gibbs" title="Suicide of William Arthur Gibbs">William Arthur Gibbs</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Kelly_Yeomans" title="Suicide of Kelly Yeomans">Kelly Yeomans</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Hamed_Nastoh" title="Suicide of Hamed Nastoh">Hamed Nastoh</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Dawn-Marie_Wesley" title="Suicide of Dawn-Marie Wesley">Dawn-Marie Wesley</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Nicola_Ann_Raphael" title="Suicide of Nicola Ann Raphael">Nicola Ann Raphael</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Ryan_Halligan" title="Suicide of Ryan Halligan">Ryan Halligan</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Megan_Meier" title="Suicide of Megan Meier">Megan Meier</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Sladjana_Vidovic" title="Suicide of Sladjana Vidovic">Sladjana Vidovic</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Phoebe_Prince" title="Suicide of Phoebe Prince">Phoebe Prince</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Tyler_Clementi" title="Suicide of Tyler Clementi">Tyler Clementi</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Jamey_Rodemeyer" title="Suicide of Jamey Rodemeyer">Jamey Rodemeyer</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Hubley#Family" title="Allan Hubley">Jamie Hubley</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Kenneth_Weishuhn" title="Suicide of Kenneth Weishuhn">Kenneth Weishuhn</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Audrie_Pott" title="Suicide of Audrie Pott">Audrie Pott</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Amanda_Todd" title="Suicide of Amanda Todd">Amanda Todd</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Jadin_Bell" title="Suicide of Jadin Bell">Jadin Bell</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Rehtaeh_Parsons" title="Suicide of Rehtaeh Parsons">Rehtaeh Parsons</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Rebecca_Sedwick" title="Suicide of Rebecca Sedwick">Rebecca Sedwick</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leelah_Alcorn" title="Leelah Alcorn">Leelah Alcorn</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Conrad_Roy" title="Death of Conrad Roy">Conrad Roy</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_of_Tyrone_Unsworth" title="Suicide of Tyrone Unsworth">Tyrone Unsworth</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Murder%E2%80%93suicide" title="Murder–suicide">Murder–suicides</a><br />(incidents)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre" title="Columbine High School massacre">Columbine</a>, 1999</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Weise" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeff Weise">Jeff Weise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lake_shootings" title="Red Lake shootings">Red Lake</a>, 2005</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seung-Hui_Cho" title="Seung-Hui Cho">Seung-Hui Cho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Tech_shooting" title="Virginia Tech shooting">Virginia Tech</a>, 2007</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jokela_school_shooting#Perpetrator" title="Jokela school shooting">Pekka-Eric Auvinen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jokela_school_shooting" title="Jokela school shooting">Jokela High School</a>, 2007</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kauhajoki_school_shooting#Perpetrator" title="Kauhajoki school shooting">Matti Juhani Saari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kauhajoki_school_shooting" title="Kauhajoki school shooting">Kauhajoki School of Hospitality</a>, 2008</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sparks_Middle_School_shooting#Perpetrator" title="2013 Sparks Middle School shooting">Jose Horacio Reyes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sparks_Middle_School_shooting" title="2013 Sparks Middle School shooting">Sparks Middle School</a>, 2013</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Rodger" title="Elliot Rodger">Elliot Rodger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Isla_Vista_killings" title="2014 Isla Vista killings">Isla Vista</a>, 2014</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_blackmail" title="Emotional blackmail">Emotional blackmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just-world_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Just-world hypothesis">Just-world hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT-related_suicides" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT-related suicides">List of LGBT-related suicides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machiavellianism_in_the_workplace" title="Machiavellianism in the workplace">Machiavellianism in the workplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissism_in_the_workplace" title="Narcissism in the workplace">Narcissism in the workplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_boundaries" title="Personal boundaries">Personal boundaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personality_disorder" title="Personality disorder">Personality disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playing_the_victim" title="Playing the victim">Playing the victim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychopathy_in_the_workplace" title="Psychopathy in the workplace">Psychopathy in the workplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scapegoating" title="Scapegoating">Scapegoating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-esteem" title="Self-esteem">Self-esteem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_dominance_orientation" title="Social dominance orientation">Social dominance orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_among_LGBTQ_youth" title="Suicide among LGBTQ youth">Suicide among LGBTQ youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victim_blaming" title="Victim blaming">Victim blaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victimisation" title="Victimisation">Victimisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victimology" title="Victimology">Victimology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit 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