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managing</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: managing"> <meta name="keywords" content="managing"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="managing"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1218</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: managing</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1158</span> The Impacts of Local Decision Making on Customisation Process Speed across Distributed Boundaries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20M.%20Qahtani">Abdulrahman M. Qahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gary.%20B.%20Wills"> Gary. B. Wills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy.%20M.%20Gravell"> Andy. M. Gravell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Communicating and managing customers’ requirements in software development projects play a vital role in the software development process. While it is difficult to do so locally, it is even more difficult to communicate these requirements over distributed boundaries and to convey them to multiple distribution customers. This paper discusses the communication of multiple distribution customers’ requirements in the context of customised software products. The main purpose is to understand the challenges of communicating and managing customisation requirements across distributed boundaries. We propose a model for Communicating Customisation Requirements of Multi-Clients in a Distributed Domain (CCRD). Thereafter, we evaluate that model by presenting the findings of a case study conducted with a company with customisation projects for 18 distributed customers. Then, we compare the outputs of the real case process and the outputs of the CCRD model using simulation methods. Our conjecture is that the CCRD model can reduce the challenge of communication requirements over distributed organisational boundaries, and the delay in decision making and in the entire customisation process time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customisation%20software%20products" title="customisation software products">customisation software products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20software%20engineering" title=" global software engineering"> global software engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20decision%20making" title=" local decision making"> local decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20engineering" title=" requirement engineering"> requirement engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20model" title=" simulation model"> simulation model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17567/the-impacts-of-local-decision-making-on-customisation-process-speed-across-distributed-boundaries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1157</span> Types of Innovation Management Office and Their Roles and Responsibilities in Supporting the Innovation Management Process from Organisational Strategic Foresight to Managing Innovation Project Portfolios</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakr%20Zade">Bakr Zade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paolo%20Cervera"> Paolo Cervera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the aim of maximising return on innovation investments, organisations create central units to support successful implementation of innovation management initiatives. The support units–referred to in this research as innovation management offices (IMOs)–range from small teams of innovation management champions to fully resourced centres of excellence for innovation management. However, roles and responsibilities of IMOs vary in different organisations. This research investigates the different types of IMO in organisations, based on their different roles and responsibilities in supporting innovation management processes. The research uses grounded theory methodology to uncover an IMO taxonomy from emergent concepts during innovation management maturity assessment exercises in twelve organisations from the United Kingdom and the United Arab Emirates. The taxonomy distinguishes five types of IMO, based on their roles and responsibilities in supporting innovation management processes, from organisational strategic foresight to managing innovation management project portfolios. The IMO taxonomy addresses a gap in research into innovation management support in organisations and offers a practical framework that diverse organisations can appreciate and use in designing IMOs that are aligned with their innovation management visions and strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20foresight" title="future foresight">future foresight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20shaping" title=" future shaping"> future shaping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20management" title=" innovation management"> innovation management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20management%20office" title=" innovation management office"> innovation management office</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portfolio%20management" title=" portfolio management"> portfolio management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80156/types-of-innovation-management-office-and-their-roles-and-responsibilities-in-supporting-the-innovation-management-process-from-organisational-strategic-foresight-to-managing-innovation-project-portfolios" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1156</span> Collaborative Environmental Management: A Case Study Research of Stakeholders' Collaboration in the Nigerian Oil-Producing Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Favour%20Makuochukwu%20Orji">Favour Makuochukwu Orji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingkui%20Zhao"> Yingkui Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A myriad of environmental issues face the Nigerian industrial region, resulting from; oil and gas production, mining, manufacturing and domestic wastes. Amidst these, much effort has been directed by stakeholders in the Nigerian oil producing regions, because of the impacts of the region on the wider Nigerian economy. Research to date has suggested that collaborative environmental management could be an effective approach in managing environmental issues; but little attention has been given to the roles and practices of stakeholders in effecting a collaborative environmental management framework for the Nigerian oil-producing region. This paper produces a framework to expand and deepen knowledge relating to stakeholders aspects of collaborative roles in managing environmental issues in the Nigeria oil-producing region. The knowledge is derived from analysis of stakeholders’ practices – studied through multiple case studies using document analysis. Selected documents of key stakeholders – Nigerian government agencies, multi-national oil companies and host communities, were analyzed. Open and selective coding was employed manually during document analysis of data collected from the offices and websites of the stakeholders. The findings showed that the stakeholders have a range of roles, practices, interests, drivers and barriers regarding their collaborative roles in managing environmental issues. While they have interests for efficient resource use, compliance to standards, sharing of responsibilities, generating of new solutions, and shared objectives; there is evidence of major barriers which includes resource allocation, disjointed policy and regulation, ineffective monitoring, diverse socio- economic interests, lack of stakeholders’ commitment and limited knowledge sharing. However, host communities hold deep concerns over the collaborative roles of stakeholders for economic interests, particularly, where government agencies and multi-national oil companies are involved. With these barriers and concerns, a genuine stakeholders’ collaboration is found to be limited, and as a result, optimal environmental management practices and policies have not been successfully implemented in the Nigeria oil-producing region. A framework is produced that describes practices that characterize collaborative environmental management might be employed to satisfy the stakeholders’ interests. The framework recommends critical factors, based on the findings, which may guide a collaborative environmental management in the oil producing regions. The recommendations are designed to re-define the practices of stakeholders in managing environmental issues in the oil producing regions, not as something wholly new, but as an approach essential for implementing a sustainable environmental policy. This research outcome may clarify areas for future research as well as to contribute to industry guidance in the area of collaborative environmental management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20environmental%20management%20framework" title="collaborative environmental management framework">collaborative environmental management framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20studies" title=" case studies"> case studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=document%20analysis" title=" document analysis"> document analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multinational%20oil%20companies" title=" multinational oil companies"> multinational oil companies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20oil%20producing%20regions" title=" Nigerian oil producing regions"> Nigerian oil producing regions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20government%20agencies" title=" Nigerian government agencies"> Nigerian government agencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders%20analysis" title=" stakeholders analysis"> stakeholders analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39693/collaborative-environmental-management-a-case-study-research-of-stakeholders-collaboration-in-the-nigerian-oil-producing-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1155</span> Organizational Management and Leadership</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osman%20Yildiz">Osman Yildiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As it is predicted 2559 years before there is nothing permanent except change. In our turbulent World, Organizations will always be faced with the challenge of determining the path that will always keep them on balance en route that will bring success. That means from top to bottom, every organisation is exposed to fight to stay afloat and compete while they face the continuous prospect of change in an increasingly competitive and globalized World. Otherwise, they would fail to realize their goals and targets, and ultimately would disappear. But the organizations that will celebrate success five or ten years from now will be the winners of the fight by having recognizing that planning the change was only the first step in the journey and put sufficient efforts into the task of leading change. Increasingly unpredictable and competitive organizational environments have put pressure on leaders across all industries to better manage the change. The key of establishing effective change and transformation in organisations lies on the steps taken before the change happens depending to the quality of the human sources; readiness for change, acknowledgement by management, prepared leaders, motivated employees, overcoming the resistance to change and ultimately adapting change into the organization. Due to these factors, leaders managing the organisational development can ensure organizations and employees to meet new performance targets, motivation and skills rapidly and effectively. Finally, this article will provide some tools for leaders, and discuss how to catch organisational development and manage the innovations in effective ways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing%20the%20change" title="managing the change">managing the change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20change" title=" organizational change"> organizational change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20factor" title=" human factor"> human factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaders" title=" leaders"> leaders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organisational%20development" title=" organisational development"> organisational development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33113/organizational-management-and-leadership" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1154</span> Managing Information Technology: An Overview of Information Technology Governance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Asgarkhani">Mehdi Asgarkhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, investment on Information Technology (IT) solutions in most organizations is the largest component of capital expenditure. As capital investment on IT continues to grow, IT managers and strategists are expected to develop and put in practice effective decision making models (frameworks) that improve decision-making processes for the use of IT in organizations and optimize the investment on IT solutions. To be exact, there is an expectation that organizations not only maximize the benefits of adopting IT solutions but also avoid the many pitfalls that are associated with rapid introduction of technological change. Different organizations depending on size, complexity of solutions required and processes used for financial management and budgeting may use different techniques for managing strategic investment on IT solutions. Decision making processes for strategic use of IT within organizations are often referred to as IT Governance (or Corporate IT Governance). This paper examines IT governance - as a tool for best practice in decision making about IT strategies. Discussions in this paper represent phase I of a project which was initiated to investigate trends in strategic decision making on IT strategies. Phase I is concerned mainly with review of literature and a number of case studies, establishing that the practice of IT governance, depending on the complexity of IT solutions, organization's size and organization's stage of maturity, varies significantly – from informal approaches to sophisticated formal frameworks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20governance" title="IT governance">IT governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20governance%20frameworks" title=" IT governance frameworks"> IT governance frameworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20governance%20components" title=" IT governance components"> IT governance components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aligning%20IT%20with%20business%20strategies" title=" aligning IT with business strategies"> aligning IT with business strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23827/managing-information-technology-an-overview-of-information-technology-governance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1153</span> Employing Nudge as Artistic Strategy in Managing Lagos Waste Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iranlade%20Festus%20Adeyem">Iranlade Festus Adeyem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyses the role played by the Nudge method as an artistic strategy in addressing the issues of Lagos waste management in Nigeria. As a Lagosian, experiential knowledge of Lagos’ dirty environment through careless littering, especially in the Lagos Mainland community, was helpful. Employing Nudge theory in creative waste recycling assists in persuading Lagosians through strategic sensitization to carefully weigh their options rather than being compelled to act in a dictated direction. Empirical awareness of Lagos’ environment and creative, reflective experiences were handy in inspiring the identified communities to subtly encourage the reuse, recycling and repurposing of generated waste instead of dumping it indiscriminately. The repurposed waste used to ‘upcycle’ and ‘downcycle’ contemporary artworks were displayed to highlight single-use materials as improvised alternatives to conventional ones. The Nudge concept application, therefore, persuades Lagosians, Lagos artists and trainees to see waste as untapped effective materials during the campaigns. Using the Nudge philosophy thus encourages Lagosians and creatives to use personal discretion in managing their generated waste naturally. Its application also helped intervene minimally in the Lagos waste objectives to prevent the attendant health issues that may occur. And inspire waste improvisation for the scarce, imported and expensive art materials in Lagos City. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improvisation" title="improvisation">improvisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nudge" title=" nudge"> nudge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upcycle%20and%20downcycle" title=" upcycle and downcycle"> upcycle and downcycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193852/employing-nudge-as-artistic-strategy-in-managing-lagos-waste-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">14</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1152</span> Operational Software Maturity: An Aerospace Industry Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ra%C3%BAl%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Mu%C3%B1oz">Raúl González Muñoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essam%20Shehab"> Essam Shehab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Weinitzke"> Martin Weinitzke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Fowler"> Chris Fowler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Baguley"> Paul Baguley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software applications have become crucial to the aerospace industry, providing a wide range of functionalities and capabilities used during the design, manufacturing and support of aircraft. However, as this criticality increases, so too does the risk for business operations when facing a software failure. Hence, there is a need for new methodologies to be developed to support aerospace companies in effectively managing their software portfolios, avoiding the hazards of business disruption and additional costs. This paper aims to provide a definition of operational software maturity, and how this can be used to assess software operational behaviour, as well as a view on the different aspects that drive software maturity within the aerospace industry. The key research question addressed is, how can operational software maturity monitoring assist the aerospace industry in effectively managing large software portfolios? This question has been addressed by conducting an in depth review of current literature, by working closely with aerospace professionals and by running an industry case study within a major aircraft manufacturer. The results are a software maturity model composed of a set of drivers and a prototype tool used for the testing and validation of the research findings. By utilising these methodologies to assess the operational maturity of software applications in aerospace, benefits in maintenance activities and operations disruption avoidance have been observed, supporting business cases for system improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerospace" title="aerospace">aerospace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20lifecycle" title=" software lifecycle"> software lifecycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20maintenance" title=" software maintenance"> software maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20maturity" title=" software maturity"> software maturity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62835/operational-software-maturity-an-aerospace-industry-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1151</span> Managing Business Processes in the Age of Digital Transformation: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana-Marija%20Stjepi%C4%87">Ana-Marija Stjepić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20Su%C5%A1a%20Vugec"> Dalia Suša Vugec</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, digital transformation is one of the leading topics that occupy the attention of scientific circles and business experts. Organizational success is most often reflected through the successful managing of business processes. Given the growing market for digital innovations and its ever-increasing impact on business, organizations need to be prepared for organizational changes that come with the digital era. In order to maintain their competitive advantage in the global market, organizations must adapt their processes to new digitalization conditions. The main goal of this study is to point out the link between the digital transformation and the business process management concept. Therefore, in order to contribute to the scientific field that explores the potential relation between business process management concept and digital transformation, a literature review has been conducted. Papers have been searched within the Business Process Management Journal by keywords related to the term digital transformation. Selected papers have been analyzed according to the topic, type of publication, year of publication, keywords, etc. The results reveal a growing number of papers published on the topic of digital transformation to the Business Process Management Journal, but the lack of case studies. This paper contributes to the extension of academic literature in this important, yet insufficiently researched, scientific field that creates the bond between two strong concepts of digital transformation and business process management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20process%20management" title="business process management">business process management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20transformation" title=" digital transformation"> digital transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitalization" title=" digitalization"> digitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20change" title=" process change "> process change </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108042/managing-business-processes-in-the-age-of-digital-transformation-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1150</span> Managing Subretinal Bleeds with Intravitreal Aflibercept</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prachi%20Abhishek%20Dave">Prachi Abhishek Dave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Dave"> Abhishek Dave</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the role of intravitreal injection Aflibercept in managing complex cases of Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) and the gratifying visual recovery experienced with a minimally invasive procedure. Methods: A 73-year-old gentleman presented with a drop in vision in the left eye for 25 days. On examination, his best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the Right eye (OD) was 6/60, and finger counting close to face in the Left eye (OS). On multimodal imaging, he was diagnosed to have a scarred Wet ARMD in OD and an active Wet ARMD with a large subretinal bleed secondary to Wet ARMD in OS. Treatment management options included monotherapy with an Injection Aflibercept or an intravitreal gas injection with tPA followed by Injection Aflibercept. Considering his one-eyed status, the patient decided to go for Aflibercept monotherapy. Results: After 3 monthly injections of injection Aflibercept, the subretinal bleed reduced, the subretinal fluid resolved, and his vision in OS improved to 6/9. He is on a regular follow-up and has not needed any further injections in OS and he maintains 6/9 vision. Conclusions: Conventional treatment guidelines for a large subretinal bleed dictate the use of gas followed by intravitreal Injection Aflibercept. However, gas has its own limitations of causing a rise in intraocular pressure and a transient loss of vision, which is particularly troublesome in one-eyed patients. Injection Aflibercept offers a much safer, less invasive, and elegant treatment option for such patients with equally good or even better visual outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20ARMD" title="wet ARMD">wet ARMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subretinal%20bleed" title=" subretinal bleed"> subretinal bleed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intravitreal%20injections" title=" intravitreal injections"> intravitreal injections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflibercept" title=" aflibercept"> aflibercept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EYELEA" title=" EYELEA"> EYELEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intravitreal%20gas" title=" intravitreal gas"> intravitreal gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185734/managing-subretinal-bleeds-with-intravitreal-aflibercept" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1149</span> School Based Assessment Issues in Selected Malaysian Primary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Amalina%20Dayana%20Abd%20Aziz">Nur Amalina Dayana Abd Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assessment is an integral part of teaching and learning in any syllabus in the world. Recently, a new assessment system, School-Based Assessment (SBA) was introduced and implemented in the Malaysian education system to promote a more holistic, integrated and balanced assessment system. This effort is part of the reformation made in the Government Transformation Plan (GTP) to produce a world-class human capital as we are reaching and achieving the Vision 2020 in the near future. However, this new change has raised awareness and concerns from teachers, students, parents and non-profit organizations on how the new assessment is to be implemented and how it is affecting the students and teachers particularly. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the issues that teachers face in implementing SBA in primary schools, the measures taken to address the issues and to propose ways of managing school-based assessment. Five national primary schools focusing in the urban areas in the Selangor state are chosen for this study to carry out. Data for the study will be gathered from interviews with teachers from each school, surveys and classrooms observation will be conducted in each school, and relevant documents are collected from the selected schools. The findings of this study will present the current issues that teachers from various types of national primary schools are facing and what actions they took to overcome the problems in carrying out SBA. Suggestions on how to better manage school-based assessment for teachers are also provided in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20of%20practice" title="community of practice">community of practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum" title=" curriculum"> curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing%20change" title=" managing change"> managing change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school-based%20assessment" title=" school-based assessment "> school-based assessment </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37883/school-based-assessment-issues-in-selected-malaysian-primary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1148</span> Institutional Engineering and Party Politics in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Ayobami%20Adesiyan">Emmanuel Ayobami Adesiyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Political theorists have identified ethnicity as an obstacle to democratic stability in deeply divided societies. Nigeria belongs to the categories of problematic states labeled divided or deeply divided societies, as such post-independence politics is characterized by ethnicity with its ruinous effect on democratic governance and development. Institutional Engineering, the purposive manipulation of the electoral rule relating to party organization and the electoral formula has been established in comparative political studies as a policy measure for managing ethnicity in order to stabilize politics in divided societies. This paper examines the use of electoral engineering tools in managing ethnic politics in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. The study is guided by rational institutional theory. Secondary data on electoral rules and disaggregated results of presidential elections were collected from archival documents. Data were subjected to content analysis. Institutional changes in electoral rules have promoted the development of inter-ethnic bargaining and compromises within the party system. Presidential Electoral Formula aided the emergence of national rather parochial parties. Electoral engineering tools moved Nigerian Politics from ethnic parochialism to inclusion and accommodation. These innovations should be strengthened to enhance democratic stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=presidential-elections" title=" presidential-elections"> presidential-elections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20politics" title=" ethnic politics"> ethnic politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20engineering" title=" institutional engineering"> institutional engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98241/institutional-engineering-and-party-politics-in-nigerias-fourth-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1147</span> Managing Change in the Academic Libraries in the Perspective of Web 2.0</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20Kumar">Raj Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navjyoti%20Dhingra"> Navjyoti Dhingra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Academic libraries are the hubs in which knowledge is a major resource and the performances of these knowledge in terms of adding and delivering value to their users depend upon their ability and effectiveness in engendering, arranging, managing, and using this knowledge. Developments in Information and Communication Technology’s (ICT), the libraries have been incorporated at the electronic edge to facilitate a rapid transfer of information on a global scale. Web2.0 refers to the development of online services that encourage collaboration, communication and information sharing. Web 2.0 reflects changes in how one can use the web rather than describing any technical or structural change. Libraries provide manifold channels of Information access to its e-users. The rapid expansion of tools, formats, services and technologies has presented many options to unfold Library Collection. Academic libraries must develop ways and means to meet their user’s expectations and remain viable. Web 2.0 tools are the first step on that journey. Web 2.0 has been widely used by the libraries to promote functional services like access to catalogue or for external activities like information or photographs of library events, enhancement of usage of library resources and bringing users closer to the library. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reconnaissance of Web 2.0 tools for enhancing library services in India. The study shows that a lot of user-friendly tools can be adopted by information professionals to effectively cater to information needs of its users. The authors have suggested a roadmap towards a revitalized future for providing various information opportunities to techno-savvy users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20libraries" title="academic libraries">academic libraries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20management" title=" change management"> change management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Web%202.0" title=" Web 2.0"> Web 2.0</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52862/managing-change-in-the-academic-libraries-in-the-perspective-of-web-20" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1146</span> The Impact of Demographic Profile on Strategic HRM Practices and its Challenges Faced by HR Managers in IT Firm, India: An Empirical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Saravanan">P. Saravanan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Vasumathi"> A. Vasumathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) plays a vital role in formulating the policies and strategies for the company, in order to fulfill the employee’s requirement and to perform the job efficiently within the organisation. Human Resource Management (HRM) functions helps in attracting and motivating the talented workforce for the organisation and by increasing the performance of an individual, will result in achieving the defined goals and objectives for the company. HRM function plays an important role in managing the workers within organisation through a formal communication channel. Since HR functions acts as a mediatory role in between the employee as well as the employers within the organisation that helps in improving the efficacy and skills of the individuals employed within the company. HR manager acts as a change agent, enabling and driving the change management program with respect to business HR functions and its future requirements of the company. Due to change in the business environment, the focus of HR manager is shifting from administrative/personal functions in to a strategic business HR function. HR managers plays a strategic role in managing various HR functions such as recruitment and selection, human resource information system, manpower planning, performance management, conflict management, employee engagement, compensation management, policy formation and retention strategies followed within the industry. Major challenges faced by HR managers at work place are managing the level of engagement for the talented resources within the organisation, reducing the conflicts at workplace, mapping the talented resources through succession planning process, building the effective appraisal process and performance management system and mapping the compensation based on the skills and experience possed by the employee within the company. The authors conducted a study for the sample size of 75 HR managers from an Indian IT company through systematic sampling method. This study identifies that the female employees are facing lesser conflict than the male employees against their managers within the organisation and also the study determines the impact of demographic profile on strategic HRM practices and its challenges faced by HR managers in IT firm, India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20human%20resource%20management" title="strategic human resource management">strategic human resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20agent" title=" change agent"> change agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20engagement" title=" employee engagement"> employee engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20management" title=" performance management"> performance management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=succession%20planning%20and%20conflict%20management" title=" succession planning and conflict management"> succession planning and conflict management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32118/the-impact-of-demographic-profile-on-strategic-hrm-practices-and-its-challenges-faced-by-hr-managers-in-it-firm-india-an-empirical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1145</span> Guarding the Fortress: Intellectual Property Rights and the European Union’s Cross-Border Jurisdiction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Vora%20%28Hoxha%29">Sara Vora (Hoxha)</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present article delves into the intricate matters concerning Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and cross-border jurisdiction within the confines of the European Union (EU). The prevalence of cross-border intellectual property rights (IPR) disputes has increased in tandem with the globalization of commerce and the widespread adoption of technology. The European Union (EU) is not immune to this trend. The manuscript presents a comprehensive analysis of various forms of intellectual property rights (IPR), such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights, and the regulatory framework established by the European Union (EU) to oversee these rights. The present article examines the diverse approaches employed for ascertaining the appropriate jurisdiction within the European Union (EU), and their potential application in the sphere of cross-border intellectual property rights (IPR) conflicts. The article sheds light on jurisdictional issues and outcomes of significant cross-border intellectual property rights (IPR) disputes in the European Union (EU). Additionally, the document provides suggestions for effectively managing intellectual property rights conflicts across borders within the European Union, which encompasses the utilization of alternative methods for resolving disputes. The article highlights the significance of comprehending the relevant jurisdiction in the European Union for Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). It also offers optimal approaches for enterprises and individuals who aim to safeguard their intellectual property beyond national boundaries. The primary objective of this article is to furnish a thorough comprehension of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and the relevant jurisdiction in the European Union (EU). Additionally, it endeavors to provide pragmatic recommendations for managing cross-border IPR conflicts in this intricate and ever-changing legal milieu. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property%20rights%20%28IPR%29" title="intellectual property rights (IPR)">intellectual property rights (IPR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-border%20jurisdiction" title=" cross-border jurisdiction"> cross-border jurisdiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applicable%20laws%20and%20regulations" title=" applicable laws and regulations"> applicable laws and regulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispute%20resolution" title=" dispute resolution"> dispute resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=best%20practices" title=" best practices"> best practices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165984/guarding-the-fortress-intellectual-property-rights-and-the-european-unions-cross-border-jurisdiction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1144</span> Systems Engineering Management Using Transdisciplinary Quality System Development Lifecycle Model </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Asaad%20Abdelrazek">Mohamed Asaad Abdelrazek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Taher%20El-Sheikh"> Amir Taher El-Sheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zayan"> M. Zayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.M.%20Elhady"> A.M. Elhady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The successful realization of complex systems is dependent not only on the technology issues and the process for implementing them, but on the management issues as well. Managing the systems development lifecycle requires technical management. Systems engineering management is the technical management. Systems engineering management is accomplished by incorporating many activities. The three major activities are development phasing, systems engineering process and lifecycle integration. Systems engineering management activities are performed across the system development lifecycle. Due to the ever-increasing complexity of systems as well the difficulty of managing and tracking the development activities, new ways to achieve systems engineering management activities are required. This paper presents a systematic approach used as a design management tool applied across systems engineering management roles. In this approach, Transdisciplinary System Development Lifecycle (TSDL) Model has been modified and integrated with Quality Function Deployment. Hereinafter, the name of the systematic approach is the Transdisciplinary Quality System Development Lifecycle (TQSDL) Model. The QFD translates the voice of customers (VOC) into measurable technical characteristics. The modified TSDL model is based on Axiomatic Design developed by Suh which is applicable to all designs: products, processes, systems and organizations. The TQSDL model aims to provide a robust structure and systematic thinking to support the implementation of systems engineering management roles. This approach ensures that the customer requirements are fulfilled as well as satisfies all the systems engineering manager roles and activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axiomatic%20design" title="axiomatic design">axiomatic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20function%20deployment" title=" quality function deployment"> quality function deployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20engineering%20management" title=" systems engineering management"> systems engineering management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20development%20lifecycle" title=" system development lifecycle"> system development lifecycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63058/systems-engineering-management-using-transdisciplinary-quality-system-development-lifecycle-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1143</span> Secure and Privacy-Enhanced Blockchain-Based Authentication System for University User Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20El%20Ksimi">Ali El Ksimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today's digital academic environment, secure authentication methods are essential for managing sensitive user data, including that of students and faculty. The rise in cyber threats and data breaches has exposed the vulnerabilities of traditional authentication systems used in universities. Passwords, often the first line of defense, are particularly susceptible to hacking, phishing, and brute-force attacks. While multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an additional layer of security, it can still be compromised and often adds complexity and inconvenience for users. As universities seek more robust security measures, blockchain technology emerges as a promising solution. Renowned for its decentralization, immutability, and transparency, blockchain has the potential to transform how user management is conducted in academic institutions. In this article, we explore a system that leverages blockchain technology specifically for managing user accounts within a university setting. The system enables the secure creation and management of accounts for different roles, such as administrators, teachers, and students. Each user is authenticated through a decentralized application (DApp) that ensures their data is securely stored and managed on the blockchain. By eliminating single points of failure and utilizing cryptographic techniques, the system enhances the security and integrity of user management processes. We will delve into the technical architecture, security benefits, and implementation considerations of this approach. By integrating blockchain into user management, we aim to address the limitations of traditional systems and pave the way for the future of digital security in education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university" title=" university"> university</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title=" authentication"> authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralization" title=" decentralization"> decentralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20management" title=" user management"> user management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190149/secure-and-privacy-enhanced-blockchain-based-authentication-system-for-university-user-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1142</span> Re-Examining Contracts in Managing and Exploiting Strategic National Resources: A Case in Divestation Process in the Share Distribution of Mining Corporation in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayyan%20ul%20Haq">Hayyan ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainal%20Asikin"> Zainal Asikin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to explore the appropriate solution in solving legal problems stemmed from managing and exploiting strategic natural resources in Indonesia. This discussion will be focused on the exploitation of gold mining, i.e. divestation process in the New Mont Corporation, West Nusa Tenggara. These legal problems relate to the deviation of the national budget regulation, UU. No. 19/2012, and the implementation of the divestastion process, which infringes PP. No. 50/2007 concerning the Impelementation Procedure of Regional Cooperation, which is an implementation regulation of UU No. 1/2004 on State’s Treasury. The cooperation model, have been developed by the Provincial Government, failed to create a permanent legal solution through normative approach. It has merely used practical approach that tends (instant solution), by using some loopholes in the divestation process. The above blunders have accumulated by other secondary legal blunders, i.e. good governance principles, particularly justice, transparency, efficiency, effective principles and competitiveness principle. To solve the above problems, this work offers constitutionalisation of contract that aimed at reviewing and coherencing all deviated contracts, rules and policies that have deprived the national and societies’ interest to optimize the strategic natural resources towards the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people.. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutionalisation%20of%20contract" title="constitutionalisation of contract">constitutionalisation of contract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20national%20resources" title=" strategic national resources"> strategic national resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divestation" title=" divestation"> divestation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20greatest%20benefit%20for%20the%20greatest%20number%20of%20people" title=" the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people"> the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesian%20Pancasila%20values" title=" Indonesian Pancasila values"> Indonesian Pancasila values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32747/re-examining-contracts-in-managing-and-exploiting-strategic-national-resources-a-case-in-divestation-process-in-the-share-distribution-of-mining-corporation-in-west-nusa-tenggara-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1141</span> A Study on Fundamental Problems for Small and Medium Agricultural Machinery Industries in Central Region Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Thepnarintra">P. Thepnarintra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nikorn"> S. Nikorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agricultural machinery industry plays an important role in the industrial development especially the production industry of the country. There has been continuing development responding to the higher demand of the production. However, the problem in agricultural machinery production still exists. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate problems on fundamental factors of industry based on the entrepreneurs’ point of view. The focus was on the small and medium size industry receiving a factory license typed number 0660 from the Department of Industrial Works. The investigation was on the comparison between the management of the small and medium size agricultural industry in 3 provinces in the central region of Thailand. Population in this study consisted of 189 company managers or managing directors, of which 101 were from the small size and 88 were from the medium size industry. The data were analyzed to find percentage, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation with independent sample T-test at the statistical significance .05. The results showed that the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers in the central region of Thailand reported high problems in every aspect. When compared the problems on basic factors in running the business, it was found that there was no difference statistically at .05 in managing of the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers on the aspect of policy and services of the government. The problems reported by the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers were the services on public tap water and the problem on politic and stability of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20machinery" title="agricultural machinery">agricultural machinery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturers" title=" manufacturers"> manufacturers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on%20running%20the%20business" title=" on running the business"> on running the business</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1882/a-study-on-fundamental-problems-for-small-and-medium-agricultural-machinery-industries-in-central-region-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1140</span> Ayurvastra: A Study on the Ancient Indian Textile for Healing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reena%20Aggarwal">Reena Aggarwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of textile chemicals in the various pre and post-textile manufacturing processes has made the textile industry conscious of its negative contribution to environmental pollution. Popular environmentally friendly fibers such as recycled polyester and organic cotton have been now increasingly used by fabrics and apparel manufacturers. However, after these textiles or the finished apparel are manufactured, they have to be dyed in the same chemical dyes that are harmful and toxic to the environment. Dyeing is a major area of concern for the environment as well as for people who have chemical sensitivities as it may cause nausea, breathing difficulties, seizures, etc. Ayurvastra or herbal medical textiles are one step ahead of the organic lifestyle, which supports the core concept of holistic well-being and also eliminates the impact of harmful chemicals and pesticides. There is a wide range of herbs that can be used not only for dyeing but also for providing medicinal properties to the textiles like antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, antidepressant and for treating insomnia, skin diseases, etc. The concept of herbal dyeing of fabric is to manifest herbal essence in every aspect of clothing, i.e., from production to end-use, additionally to eliminate the impact of harmful chemical dyes and chemicals which are known to result in problems like skin rashes, headache, trouble concentrating, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, dizziness, difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat and seizures. Herbal dyeing or finishing on textiles will give an extra edge to the textiles as it adds an extra function to the fabric. The herbal extracts can be applied to the textiles by a simple process like the pad dry cure method and mainly acts on the human body through the skin for aiding in the treatment of disease or managing the medical condition through its herbal properties. This paper, therefore, delves into producing Ayurvastra, which is a perfect amalgamation of cloth and wellness. The aim of the paper is to design and create herbal disposable and non-disposable medical textile products acting mainly topically (through the skin) for providing medicinal properties/managing medical conditions. Keeping that in mind, a range of antifungal socks and antibacterial napkins treated with turmeric and aloe vera were developed, which are recommended for the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections, respectively. Both Herbal Antifungal socks and Antibacterial napkins have proved to be efficient enough in managing and treating fungal and bacterial infections of the skin, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ayurvastra" title="ayurvastra">ayurvastra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ayurveda" title=" ayurveda"> ayurveda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal" title=" herbal"> herbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pandemic" title=" pandemic"> pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153500/ayurvastra-a-study-on-the-ancient-indian-textile-for-healing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1139</span> A Systematic Review on Dietary Interventions for Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in Under-Five Children in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justina%20Ijeoma%20Ezebuwa">Justina Ijeoma Ezebuwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20C.%20Ikewuchi"> Catherine C. Ikewuchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eka%20B.%20Essien"> Eka B. Essien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20C.%20Anacletus"> Francis C. Anacletus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant problem in Nigeria, especially in children under five. Intervention options for treating anemia in under-five children have also been the subject of research. This study aims to synthesize the evidence on dietary interventions for managing iron deficiency anemia in under-five children in Nigeria. This study uses a systematic review method to collect relevant studies to answer the research questions and a narrative synthesis to analyze and synthesize the findings of this study. Cochrane, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases were thoroughly searched, and five (5) articles were selected for this study. The results show that dietary interventions, such as daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks, biofortified (yellow/ white) cassava rich in pro-vitamin A, iron supplementation in foods, and ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) may be relevant to the management of iron deficiency anemia in under-five children in Nigeria. The study also shows that daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks may be more effective, feasible, and culturally acceptable for managing anemia in under-5 children in Nigeria. In addition, daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks and ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) were reported to have the potential to improve the growth, cognitive development, and overall health outcomes of under-five children with iron deficiency anemia in Nigeria. Recommendations for future studies in this research area and for public health practitioners and policymakers were provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20intervention" title="dietary intervention">dietary intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anemia" title=" iron deficiency anemia"> iron deficiency anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=under-five%20children" title=" under-five children"> under-five children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172403/a-systematic-review-on-dietary-interventions-for-iron-deficiency-anemia-ida-in-under-five-children-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1138</span> Coherencing a Diametrical Interests between the State, Adat Community and Private Interests in Utilising the Land for Investment in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20Hayyan%20ul%20Haq">L. M. Hayyan ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lalu%20Sabardi"> Lalu Sabardi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is aimed at exploring an appropriate regulatory model in coherencing a diametrical interest between the state, Adat legal community, and private interests in utilising and optimizing land in Indonesia. This work is also highly relevant to coherencing the obligation of the state to respect, to fulfill and to protect the fundamental rights of people, especially to protect the communal or adat community rights to the land. In visualizing those ideas, this research will use the normative legal research to elaborate the normative problem in land use, as well as redesigning and creating an appropriate regulatory model in bridging and protecting all interest parties, especially, the state, Adat legal community, and private parties. In addition, it will also employ an empirical legal research for identifying some operational problems in protecting and optimising the land. In detail, this research will not only identify the problems at the normative level, such as conflicted norms, the absence of the norms, and the unclear norm in land law, but also the problems at operational level, such as institutional relationship in managing the land use. At the end, this work offers an appropriate regulatory model at the systems level, which covers value and norms in land use, as well as the appropriate mechanism in managing the utilization of the land for the state, Adat legal community, and private sector. By manifesting this objective, the government will not only fulfill its obligation to regulate the land for people and private, but also to protect the fundamental rights of people, as mandated by the Indonesian 1945 Constitution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adat%20community%20rights" title="adat community rights">adat community rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20rights" title=" fundamental rights"> fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment" title=" investment"> investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20law" title=" land law"> land law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20sector" title=" private sector"> private sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24891/coherencing-a-diametrical-interests-between-the-state-adat-community-and-private-interests-in-utilising-the-land-for-investment-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1137</span> Sub-Municipal Government as a Tool for Decentralization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirko%20Klaric">Mirko Klaric</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In different countries, sub-municipal units have different organizational and political positions. In some countries, the role of sub-municipal units is important; in others, it is marginal. That depends on the organization of the local government system in different countries, and the political role of local self-government units, their size, public authorities, and the possibility for managing various local public tasks. This paper attempts to analyze the sub-municipal government as an organizational form of local governance participation of citizens in the local community with a comparative perspective. Secondly, it presents elements that generally format sub-municipal government as a tool for strengthening of democratization processes in local government units. Those elements are crucial for the understanding of the dynamic in relation to local government vs. sub-municipal government. Special focus is put on the sub-municipal government in South-Eastern European countries, which have a common history and institutional framework, with this main question: how can sub-municipal government contribute to strengthening democratic processes in these countries. In centralized countries, the sub-municipal government usually has a reduced role, which relates to managing public tasks connected with local community needs. The purpose of this comparative research methodology is used for analyzing the present organization and role of sub-municipal government in local government systems in Croatia and other significant countries in Europe, with a special focus on the states in South-Eastern Europe and Croatia. Comparative analyses attempt to show that local government systems with bigger local government units have more significant sub-municipal government. On the other hand, local government systems with small local government units don’t have a strong sub-municipal government. Finally, this paper aims to present ideas on how the sub-municipal government can improve decentralization and contribute to better development of the local community and the whole of society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20administration" title="public administration">public administration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20government" title=" local government"> local government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-municipal%20government" title=" sub-municipal government"> sub-municipal government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralization" title=" decentralization "> decentralization </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114541/sub-municipal-government-as-a-tool-for-decentralization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1136</span> Erector Spine Plane Block versus Para Vertebral Block in Brest Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widad%20Kouachi">Widad Kouachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nacera%20Benmouhoub"> Nacera Benmouhoub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Erector spinae plane block (ESP) and thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) are two widely used regional anesthesia techniques in breast cancer surgery. Both techniques aim to improve postoperative pain management and reduce opioid consumption. However, comparative data on their efficacy in oncologic breast surgery remains limited. Objectives: This study aims to compare the efficacy of ESP and PVB in postoperative pain control, patient satisfaction, and opioid consumption in breast cancer surgery. Methods: A randomized, double-blind trial was conducted involving 100 patients undergoing oncologic breast surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 50 received ESP, and 50 received PVB. Postoperative pain scores (at rest and during movement), opioid consumption, patient satisfaction, and hospital length of stay were recorded and analyzed. Results: Both ESP and PVB provided effective postoperative analgesia. No significant difference in pain scores was observed between the two groups within the first 24 hours. However, ESP showed a notable advantage in managing chronic postoperative pain at the 6-month follow-up. Opioid consumption was lower in both groups compared to patients without a block. No significant differences in complication rates or hospital stay were noted between the groups. Conclusion: ESP and PVB offer comparable efficacy for immediate postoperative pain control in breast cancer surgery. Nevertheless, ESP may have a superior role in managing long-term pain. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind the observed differences in chronic pain outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20assessment" title="pain assessment">pain assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brest%20surgery" title=" brest surgery"> brest surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bpv%20block" title=" bpv block"> bpv block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESP%20block" title=" ESP block"> ESP block</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191936/erector-spine-plane-block-versus-para-vertebral-block-in-brest-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1135</span> Workload and Task Distribution in Public Healthcare: A Qualitative Explorative Study From Nurse Leaders’ Perceptions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Hemberg">Jessica Hemberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikaela%20Miller"> Mikaela Miller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unreasonable workload and work-related stress can reduce nurse leaders’ job satisfaction and productivity and can increase absence and burnout. Nurse leaders’ workload in public healthcare settings is relatively unresearched. The aim of this study was to investigate nurse leaders’ perceptions of workload and task distribution with relation to leading work tasks in public healthcare. A qualitative explorative design was used. The data material consisted of texts from interviews with nurse leaders in public healthcare (N=8). The method was inspired by content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used. Informed consent was sought from the participants regarding study participation and the storage and handling of data for research purposes. Six main themes were found: Increased and unreasonable workload, Length of work experience as nurse leader affects perception of workload, Number of staff and staff characteristics affect perception of workload, Versatile and flexible task distribution, Working overtime as a way of managing high workload, and Insufficient time for leadership mission. The workload for nurse leaders in a public healthcare setting was perceived to be unreasonable. Common measures for managing high workload included working overtime, delegating work tasks and organizing more staff resources in the form of additional staff. How nurse leaders perceive their workload was linked to both the number of staff and staff characteristics. These should both be considered equally important when determining staff levels and measuring nurse leaders’ workload. Future research should focus on investigating workload and task distribution from nurses’ perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurse%20leaders" title="nurse leaders">nurse leaders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workload" title=" workload"> workload</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20distribution" title=" task distribution"> task distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20healthcare" title=" public healthcare"> public healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative" title=" qualitative"> qualitative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152578/workload-and-task-distribution-in-public-healthcare-a-qualitative-explorative-study-from-nurse-leaders-perceptions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1134</span> Tractography Analysis of the Evolutionary Origin of Schizophrenia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Tahiri">Asmaa Tahiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouktafi%20Amine"> Mouktafi Amine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A substantial number of traditional medical research has been put forward to managing and treating mental disorders. At the present time, to our best knowledge, it is believed that fundamental understanding of the underlying causes of the majority psychological disorders needs to be explored further to inform early diagnosis, managing symptoms and treatment. The emerging field of evolutionary psychology is a promising prospect to address the origin of mental disorders, potentially leading to more effective treatments. Schizophrenia as a topical mental disorder has been linked to the evolutionary adaptation of the human brain represented in the brain connectivity and asymmetry directly linked to humans higher brain cognition in contrast to other primates being our direct living representation of the structure and connectivity of our earliest common African ancestors. As proposed in the evolutionary psychology scientific literature the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is expressed and directly linked to altered connectivity between the Hippocampal Formation (HF) and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC). This research paper presents the results of the use of tractography analysis using multiple open access Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) datasets of healthy subjects, schizophrenia-affected subjects and primates to illustrate the relevance of the aforementioned brain regions connectivity and the underlying evolutionary changes in the human brain. Deterministic fiber tracking and streamline analysis were used to generate connectivity matrices from the DWI datasets overlaid to compute distances and highlight disconnectivity patterns in conjunction with other fiber tracking metrics; Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Mean Diffusivity (MD) and Radial Diffusivity (RD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tractography" title="tractography">tractography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20psychology" title=" evolutionary psychology"> evolutionary psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title=" schizophrenia"> schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20connectivity" title=" brain connectivity"> brain connectivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179350/tractography-analysis-of-the-evolutionary-origin-of-schizophrenia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1133</span> Exploring Data Stewardship in Fog Networking Using Blockchain Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruvaitha%20Banu">Ruvaitha Banu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaladhithyan%20Krishnamoorthy"> Amaladhithyan Krishnamoorthy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> IoT networks today solve various consumer problems, from home automation systems to aiding in driving autonomous vehicles with the exploration of multiple devices. For example, in an autonomous vehicle environment, multiple sensors are available on roads to monitor weather and road conditions and interact with each other to aid the vehicle in reaching its destination safely and timely. IoT systems are predominantly dependent on the cloud environment for data storage, and computing needs that result in latency problems. With the advent of Fog networks, some of this storage and computing is pushed to the edge/fog nodes, saving the network bandwidth and reducing the latency proportionally. Managing the data stored in these fog nodes becomes crucial as it might also store sensitive information required for a certain application. Data management in fog nodes is strenuous because Fog networks are dynamic in terms of their availability and hardware capability. It becomes more challenging when the nodes in the network also live a short span, detaching and joining frequently. When an end-user or Fog Node wants to access, read, or write data stored in another Fog Node, then a new protocol becomes necessary to access/manage the data stored in the fog devices as a conventional static way of managing the data doesn’t work in Fog Networks. The proposed solution discusses a protocol that acts by defining sensitivity levels for the data being written and read. Additionally, a distinct data distribution and replication model among the Fog nodes is established to decentralize the access mechanism. In this paper, the proposed model implements stewardship towards the data stored in the Fog node using the application of Reinforcement Learning so that access to the data is determined dynamically based on the requests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title="IoT">IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fog%20networks" title=" fog networks"> fog networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20stewardship" title=" data stewardship"> data stewardship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20access%20policy" title=" dynamic access policy"> dynamic access policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181930/exploring-data-stewardship-in-fog-networking-using-blockchain-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1132</span> The Risk of In-work Poverty and Family Coping Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Banovcinova">A. Banovcinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zakova"> M. Zakova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Labor market activity and paid employment should be a key factor in protecting individuals and families from falling into poverty and providing them with sufficient resources to meet the needs of their members. However, due to various processes in the labor market as well as the influence of individual factors and often insufficient social capital, there is a relatively large group of households that cannot eliminate paid employment and find themselves in a state of so-called working poverty. The aim of the research was to find out what strategies families use in managing poverty and meeting their needs and which of these strategies prevail in the Slovak population. A quantitative research strategy was chosen. The method of data collection was a structured interview focused on finding out the use of individual management strategies and also selected demographic indicators. The research sample consisted of members of families in which at least one member has a paid job. The condition for inclusion in the research was that the family's income did not exceed 60% of the national median equalized disposable income. The analysis of the results showed 5 basic areas to which management strategies are related - work, financial security, needs, social contacts and perception of the current situation. The prevailing strategies were strategies aimed at increasing and streamlining labor market activity and the planned and effective management of the family budget. Strategies that were rejected were mainly related to debt creation. The results make it possible to identify the preferred ways of managing poverty in individual areas of life, as well as the factors that influence this behavior. This information is important for working with families living in a state of working poverty and can help professionals develop positive ways of coping for families. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copying%20strategies" title="copying strategies">copying strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title=" family"> family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-work%20poverty" title=" in-work poverty"> in-work poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20research" title=" quantitative research"> quantitative research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132690/the-risk-of-in-work-poverty-and-family-coping-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1131</span> Existing International Cooperation Mechanisms and Proposals to Enhance Their Effectiveness for Marine-Based Geoengineering Governance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aylin%20Mohammadalipour%20Tofighi">Aylin Mohammadalipour Tofighi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marine-based geoengineering methods, proposed to mitigate climate change, operate primarily through two mechanisms: reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and diminishing solar absorption by the oceans. While these approaches promise beneficial outcomes, they are fraught with environmental, legal, ethical, and political challenges, necessitating robust international governance. This paper underscores the critical role of international cooperation within the governance framework, offering a focused analysis of existing international environmental mechanisms applicable to marine-based geoengineering governance. It evaluates the efficacy and limitations of current international legal structures, including treaties and organizations, in managing marine-based geoengineering, noting significant gaps such as the absence of specific regulations, dedicated international entities, and explicit governance mechanisms such as monitoring. To rectify these problems, the paper advocates for concrete steps to bolster international cooperation. These include the formulation of dedicated marine-based geoengineering guidelines within international agreements, the establishment of specialized supervisory entities, and the promotion of transparent, global consensus-building. These recommendations aim to foster governance that is environmentally sustainable, ethically sound, and politically feasible, thereby enhancing knowledge exchange, spurring innovation, and advancing the development of marine-based geoengineering approaches. This study emphasizes the importance of collaborative approaches in managing the complexities of marine-based geoengineering, contributing significantly to the discourse on international environmental governance in the face of rapid climate and technological changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20law" title=" environmental law"> environmental law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20cooperation" title=" international cooperation"> international cooperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20governance" title=" international governance"> international governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20law" title=" international law"> international law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine-based%20geoengineering" title=" marine-based geoengineering"> marine-based geoengineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20law" title=" marine law"> marine law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20frameworks" title=" regulatory frameworks"> regulatory frameworks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181514/existing-international-cooperation-mechanisms-and-proposals-to-enhance-their-effectiveness-for-marine-based-geoengineering-governance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1130</span> Ecological Planning Method of Reclamation Area Based on Ecological Management of Spartina Alterniflora: A Case Study of Xihu Harbor in Xiangshan County</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Yue">Dong Yue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Chen"> Hua Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study region Xihu Harbor in Xiangshan County, Ningbo City is located in the central coast of Zhejiang Province. Concerning the wave dispating issue, Ningbo government firstly introduced Spartina alterniflora in 1980s. In the 1990s, S. alterniflora spread so rapidly thus a ‘grassland’ in the sea has been created nowadays. It has become the most important invasive plant of China’s coastal tidal flats. Although S. alterniflora had some ecological and economic functions, it has also brought series of hazards. It has ecological hazards on many aspects, including biomass and biodiversity, hydrodynamic force and sedimentation process, nutrient cycling of tidal flat, succession sequence of soil and plants and so on. On engineering, it courses problems of poor drainage and channel blocking. On economy, the hazard mainly reflected in the threat on aquaculture industry. The purpose of this study is to explore an ecological, feasible and economical way to manage Spartina alterniflora and use the land formed by it, taking Xihu Harbor in Xiangshan County as a case. Comparison method, mathematical modeling, qualitative and quantitative analysis are utilized to proceed the study. Main outcomes are as follows. By comparing a series of S. alterniflora managing methods which include the combination of mechanical cutting and hydraulic reclamation, waterlogging, herbicide and biological substitution from three standpoints – ecology, engineering and economy. It is inferred that the combination of mechanical cutting and hydraulic reclamation is among the top rank of S. alternifora managing methods. The combination of mechanical cutting and hydraulic reclamation means using large-scale mechanical equipment like large screw seagoing dredger to excavate the S. alterniflora with root and mud together. Then the mix of mud and grass was blown off nearby coastal tidal zone transported by pipelines, which can cushion the silt of tidal zone to form a land. However, as man-made land by coast, the reclamation area’s ecological sensitivity is quite high and will face high possibility of flood threat. Therefore, the reclamation area has many reasonability requirements, including ones on location, specific scope, water surface rate, direction of main watercourse, site of water-gate, the ratio of ecological land to urban construction land. These requirements all became important basis when the planning was being made. The water system planning, green space system planning, road structure and land use all need to accommodate the ecological requests. Besides, the profits from the formed land is the managing project’s source of funding, so how to utilize land efficiently is another considered point in the planning. It is concluded that by aiming at managing a large area of S. alterniflora, the combination of mechanical cutting and hydraulic reclamation is an ecological, feasible and economical method. The planning of reclamation area should fully respect the natural environment and possible disasters. Then the planning which makes land use efficient, reasonable, ecological will promote the development of the area’s city construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20management" title="ecological management">ecological management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20planning%20method" title=" ecological planning method"> ecological planning method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reclamation%20area" title=" reclamation area"> reclamation area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spartina%20alternifora" title=" Spartina alternifora"> Spartina alternifora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xihu%20harbor" title=" Xihu harbor"> Xihu harbor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45795/ecological-planning-method-of-reclamation-area-based-on-ecological-management-of-spartina-alterniflora-a-case-study-of-xihu-harbor-in-xiangshan-county" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1129</span> Tractography Analysis and the Evolutionary Origin of Schizophrenia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouktafi%20Amine">Mouktafi Amine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahiri%20Asmaa"> Tahiri Asmaa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A substantial number of traditional medical research has been put forward to managing and treating mental disorders. At the present time, to our best knowledge, it is believed that a fundamental understanding of the underlying causes of the majority of psychological disorders needs to be explored further to inform early diagnosis, managing symptoms and treatment. The emerging field of evolutionary psychology is a promising prospect to address the origin of mental disorders, potentially leading to more effective treatments. Schizophrenia as a topical mental disorder has been linked to the evolutionary adaptation of the human brain represented in the brain connectivity and asymmetry directly linked to humans' higher brain cognition in contrast to other primates being our direct living representation of the structure and connectivity of our earliest common African ancestors. As proposed in the evolutionary psychology scientific literature, the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is expressed and directly linked to altered connectivity between the Hippocampal Formation (HF) and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC). This research paper presents the results of the use of tractography analysis using multiple open access Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) datasets of healthy subjects, schizophrenia-affected subjects and primates to illustrate the relevance of the aforementioned brain regions' connectivity and the underlying evolutionary changes in the human brain. Deterministic fiber tracking and streamline analysis were used to generate connectivity matrices from the DWI datasets overlaid to compute distances and highlight disconnectivity patterns in conjunction with other fiber tracking metrics: Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Mean Diffusivity (MD) and Radial Diffusivity (RD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tractography" title="tractography">tractography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20weighted%20imaging" title=" diffusion weighted imaging"> diffusion weighted imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title=" schizophrenia"> schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20psychology" title=" evolutionary psychology"> evolutionary psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186084/tractography-analysis-and-the-evolutionary-origin-of-schizophrenia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">3</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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