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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leidang</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 13 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leding" title="Leding – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledung" title="Ledung – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ledung" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledung" title="Ledung – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ledung" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidang" title="Leidang – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leidang" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Лейданг – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лейданг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lejdang" title="Lejdang – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lejdang" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledung" title="Ledung – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ledung" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15376278#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leidang" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:Leidang&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden (ikke skrevet ennå) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leidang"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leidang"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Leidang" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Leidang" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&oldid=24441428" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Leidang&id=24441428&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeidang"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeidang"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Leidang&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15376278" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg/250px-Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg/375px-Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg/500px-Magnus_den_godes_saga_-_Magnus_leidang_-_H._Egedius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="786" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>«Strax om Høsten bød Kong Magnus Leding ud over hele Trondhjem.», illustrasjon av <a href="/wiki/Halfdan_Egedius" title="Halfdan Egedius">Halfdan Egedius</a> til «<a href="/wiki/Magnus_den_gode" title="Magnus den gode">Magnus den godes</a> saga» i Snorre Sturlasons <i><a href="/wiki/Heimskringla" title="Heimskringla">Heimskringla</a></i>, utgitt av J.M. Stenersen & Co i 1899.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Leidang</b> (av <a href="/wiki/Norr%C3%B8nt" class="mw-redirect" title="Norrønt">norrønt</a> <i>leið</i> = «ferd»;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dansk" title="Dansk">dansk</a> <i>leding</i>, <a href="/wiki/Svensk" title="Svensk">svensk</a> <i>ledung</i>, <a href="/wiki/Engelsk" title="Engelsk">engelsk</a> <i>lething</i>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a> <i>expeditio</i>) var en ordning for å få frie <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B8nder" class="mw-redirect" title="Bønder">bønder</a> til å utruste og bemanne <a href="/wiki/Skip" title="Skip">skip</a> for ekspedisjoner og krig. Ordningen var karakteristisk for de <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">skandinaviske</a> landene, men hadde forbilde i angelsaksernes <i>fyrd</i> i <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. I Norge ble leidangen etablert av <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A5kon_den_gode" class="mw-redirect" title="Håkon den gode">Håkon den gode</a>, hvor kystlandet, så langt som <a href="/wiki/Laks" title="Laks">laksen</a> går opp i <a href="/wiki/Elv" title="Elv">elvene</a>, ble delt i <a href="/wiki/Skipreide" title="Skipreide">skipreder</a>, og hvert skiprede skulle utrede (stille) et <a href="/wiki/Langskip" title="Langskip">langskip</a> med folk og <a href="/wiki/Proviant" title="Proviant">proviant</a>. Bare kongen fikk by ut leding, og han hadde kommando over flåten.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historikk">Historikk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historikk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I <a href="/wiki/954" title="954">954</a> vant Håkon den gode over <a href="/wiki/Eirikss%C3%B8nnene" title="Eirikssønnene">Eirikssønnene</a> og deres allierte i et slag som sto ved <a href="/wiki/Avaldsnes" title="Avaldsnes">Avaldsnes</a> på <a href="/wiki/Karm%C3%B8y" title="Karmøy">Karmøy</a>. Håkon hadde god innenriks kontroll, og leidangen ble først brukt mot danskekongen i <a href="/wiki/Slaget_i_Hj%C3%B8rungav%C3%A5g" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaget i Hjørungavåg">slaget i Hjørungavåg</a>. En bondehær møtte danskekongen og Eirikssønnene, og avverget danskekongens ønsker om kontroll i Vest-Norge og Trøndelag. Leidangen styrket også kongens territorielle makt, og bøndene var i så måte med på å verne samfunnet mot herjing, en av de største farene mot et bondesamfunn. Håkon den godes regjeringstid var god og stabil. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Heimskringla" title="Heimskringla">Heimskringla</a></i> forteller at Håkon skrev i loven at over hele landet langs sjøen, og så langt opp i elvene som laksen gikk, så skulle landets deles inn etter <a href="/wiki/Skipreide" title="Skipreide">skipreider</a>. Bøndene i et skipreide måtte bygge og utruste et seilskip. Størrelsen på skipet ble definert som et visst antall «årer». Til å begynne med var dette tallet ca. 40 årer, senere ble det øket. </p><p>Leidangen var et system for å organisere en kystflåte med tanke på forsvar. Flåten kunne også bli brukt mer offensivt, som i handelstvister, plyndring og kriger. Alle frie menn (bønder) hadde plikt til å delta i eller bidra til utrustingen av leidangen. Hele leidangen ble mobilisert når fremmede skip truet landet. Om somrene kunne det være ekspedisjoner på to til tre måneder. I ekspedisjoner utenlands deltok bare deler av leidangen. Ekspedisjonene ga ofte rikt bytte, og høvdingene var med for å få ære og ta del i rikdommen. </p><p>På <a href="/wiki/1000-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1000-tallet">1000-tallet</a> var leidangen på sitt mest suksessrike. Deler av den norske og danske leidangen hærtok landområder vest i England. </p><p>Skipreiden skulle sendes ut når det var «allmenning». Allmenning skulle sendes ut når det var fiendtlige styrker i landet. Hverken i <i>Heimskringla</i> eller <i><a href="/wiki/Fagrskinna" title="Fagrskinna">Fagrskinna</a></i> ble ordningen kalt leidang, men den ligner på vesentlige punkter den ordningen vi finner igjen i lovbøkene senere. </p><p>I Norge var det 270 slike skipreider i <a href="/wiki/1277" title="1277">1277</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">Danmark</a> to til tre ganger så mange. Lederen for en skipreide ble kalt «styrmann» (<i>styrimaðr</i> eller <i>styræsmand</i>) og fungerte som kaptein for skipet. Den minste enheten var de bøndene som skulle utruste en roer (<i>manngerð</i> på norrønt). </p><p>Før <a href="/wiki/1270-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1270-tallet">1270-tallet</a> var det egne lovbøker for hvert av landskapene <a href="/wiki/Gulating" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulating">Gulating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frostating" class="mw-redirect" title="Frostating">Frostating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eidsivating" class="mw-redirect" title="Eidsivating">Eidsivating</a> og <a href="/wiki/Borgarting" class="mw-redirect" title="Borgarting">Borgarting</a>. Lovtekstene for Gulatinget og Frostatinget har overlevd til vår tid. Gulating sier følgende om leidangen: «<i>Kongen skal rå for bod og bann</i> (dvs. påbud og forbud) <i>og for utferdene våre. Vi skal ikkje nekta han leidang til landsenden, når han byd ut fordi han treng det og til gagn for oss.</i>» Leidangen går altså til landets grenser, og det er understreket at den må kalles ut til allmenn nytte. De to lovtekstene regulerer begge <a href="/wiki/Manntall" title="Manntall">manntall</a>: der står det hvor mye som skal ytes i leidang, og hvem som står ansvarlig. Videre er det regler for organisering av leidangsferden, utrustning og beredskap, og bot ved brudd på loven. De to lovene uttrykker ting forskjellig, men motsier ikke hverandre, noe som gir et inntrykk av en enhetlig organisering av leidangen. </p><p>Lovgivningen om leidangen hadde også to distinkte deler, nemlig hva som skulle skje hvis kongen «kalte ut» leidangen, og hva som skulle skje hvis leidangen ble mobilisert ved «angrep på landet». </p><p>Våpnene på skipet var typisk bue og pil, <a href="/wiki/Spyd" title="Spyd">spyd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sverd" title="Sverd">sverd</a> og <a href="/wiki/%C3%98ks" title="Øks">økser</a>. Som beskyttelse mot fiendens våpen brukte man <a href="/wiki/Skjold" class="mw-disambig" title="Skjold">skjold</a>. </p><p>På 1000-tallet er <a href="/wiki/Jarl" title="Jarl">jarler</a> nevnt som <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B8vding" title="Høvding">høvdinger</a> i leidangen. På 1100-tallet ble <a href="/wiki/Biskop" title="Biskop">biskopene</a> leidangens overordnede. </p><p>Leidangen som opprinnelig var en militærordning som bare trådte i kraft i krig, ble omgjort til den første store stats<a href="/wiki/Skatt" title="Skatt">skatten</a> i Norge. Nå måtte bøndene hvert år levere en del av de matvarene som de før bare skulle betale i krig - og likevel slapp de ikke krigstjeneste.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I alle de tre skandinaviske landene utviklet leidangen seg til en skatt som skulle betales av alle frie bønder. Skatten ble holdt i <a href="/wiki/Hevd_(rettighet)" title="Hevd (rettighet)">hevd</a> helt fram til <a href="/wiki/1800-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1800-tallet">1800-tallet</a>. <a href="/wiki/Geistlighet" class="mw-redirect" title="Geistlighet">Prestestanden</a> og <a href="/wiki/Adel" title="Adel">adelen</a> var fritatt fra denne skattebyrden. Dermed var denne skatten med på å legge til rette for at <a href="/wiki/Adel" title="Adel">adelen</a> og kirken tok over jord fra bøndene. Etter hvert ble staten (kongen) i økende grad avhengig av adelen for å kunne mobilisere krigsmakt. </p><p>Leidangsskatten levde videre i skatteenheten «månedsmat», der én månedsmat tilsvarte den mengden mat én mann behøvde i én måned om bord på et skip.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F.eks. var gården <i>Haucase</i> (= Haukås) på <a href="/wiki/Lind%C3%A5s" title="Lindås">Lindås</a> i regnskapene til <a href="/wiki/Munkeliv_kloster" title="Munkeliv kloster">Munkeliv kloster</a> skattlagt med «ti øre og tre månedsmater».<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Siste gang den norske leidangen ble kalt ut, var i <a href="/wiki/Slaget_ved_Bergen_1429" title="Slaget ved Bergen 1429">slaget ved Bergen 1429</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Befolkningen ble varslet minst fire dager i forveien, og det ble reist festningsverk ved <a href="/wiki/Kongsg%C3%A5rd" title="Kongsgård">kongsgården</a> og bispegården, som imidlertid begge ble nedbrent. Skip ble mobilisert også fra områdene rundt Bergen, men denne flåten ble nedkjempet. Kanskje mer enn tusen mann ble drept eller druknet. Det ble da klart at det ikke fantes militær evne i Norge til å verge seg mot inntrengere.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skipreider_og_sesser_i_Norge">Skipreider og <a href="/wiki/Sesse" title="Sesse">sesser</a> i Norge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Skipreider og sesser i Norge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Skipreider og sesser i Norge"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Landsdel" title="Landsdel">Landsdel</a></th> <th>Opprinnelig tall<br /> på skipsreier</th> <th>Skipsreier i ML<sup>A</sup><br /> testamente</th> <th>Antall skip<br /> i GL<sup>B</sup></th> <th>Sesser per skip<br /> etter GL<sup>B</sup></th> <th>Sesser totalt<br /> etter GL<sup>B</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Sønnafjelske</td> <td align="right">48</td> <td align="right">48</td> <td align="right">60</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">1200 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agdesiden_len" title="Agdesiden len">Egdafylke</a></td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">15</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rogaland" title="Rogaland">Rygjafylke</a></td> <td align="right">32</td> <td align="right">32</td> <td align="right">24</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">600 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hordaland" title="Hordaland">Hordafylke</a></td> <td align="right">32</td> <td align="right">32</td> <td align="right">24</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">600 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sygnafylke" title="Sygnafylke">Sygnafylke</a></td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Firdafylke" title="Firdafylke">Firdafylke</a></td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">15</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">500 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunnm%C3%B8re" title="Sunnmøre">Sunnmørafylke</a></td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">25</td> <td align="right">400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romsdal" title="Romsdal">Romsdølafylke</a></td> <td align="right">8</td> <td align="right">8</td> <td align="right">10</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">200 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nordm%C3%B8re" title="Nordmøre">Nordmørafylke</a></td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">16</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B8ndelag" title="Trøndelag">Trøndelag</a></td> <td align="right">64</td> <td align="right">59</td> <td align="right">80</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">1600 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Namdalen" title="Namdalen">Naumdølafylke</a></td> <td align="right">9</td> <td align="right">9</td> <td align="right">9</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">180 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A5logaland" title="Hålogaland">Hålogaland</a></td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">13</td> <td align="right">20</td> <td align="right">260 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sum" title="Sum">Sum</a></td> <td align="right">290</td> <td align="right">279</td> <td align="right">309</td> <td></td> <td align="right">6770 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><sup>A</sup> ML = <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Lagab%C3%B8te" title="Magnus Lagabøte">Magnus Lagabøtes</a> testamente. <sup>B</sup> GL = <a href="/wiki/Gulatingsloven" title="Gulatingsloven">Gulatingsloven</a> </p><p>Antall soldater i hæren varierer mellom 26 960 til 33 600.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://naob.no/ordbok/leidang">«leidang», <i>NAOB</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sverre_Steen" title="Sverre Steen">Sverre Steen</a>: <i>Langsomt ble landet vårt eget</i> (s. 42), J.W. Cappelens forlag, Oslo 1972</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Bull_d.y." title="Edvard Bull d.y.">Edvard Bull</a>: <i>Nordmenn før oss</i> bind 1 (s. 63), forlaget Tano, 1985, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8251820804" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-518-2080-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://arkeologi.blogspot.com/2005/04/grd-og-grunn-i-spangereid-i.html">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frans-Arne_Stylegar" title="Frans-Arne Stylegar">Frans-Arne Stylegar</a>: «Gård og grunn i Spangereid i middelalderen», <i>Arkeologi i nord</i> 12. april 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Claus_Krag" title="Claus Krag">Claus Krag</a>: <i>Norges historie fram til 1319</i> (s. 146), Universitetsforlaget, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8200129381" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-00-12938-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bergenbyarkiv.no/bergenbyleksikon/arkiv/1425242">«Slaget ved Bergen», <i>Bergen byleksikon</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hilde_Sandvik_(historiker)" title="Hilde Sandvik (historiker)">Hilde Sandvik</a> og Geir Atle Ersland: <i>Norsk historie</i> (s. 80), Samlaget, Oslo 2008, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9788252151824" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-82-521-5182-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Ersland/Holm: <i>Norsk forsvarshistorie, bind 1: Krigsmakt og kongemakt</i>, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8251405580" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-514-0558-0</a>, side 83.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norges_historie" title="Norges historie">Norges historie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjerd" title="Gjerd">Gjerd</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder">Kilder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kilder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kilder"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ersland/Holm, <i>Norsk forsvarshistorie</i> – bind 1, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8251405580" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-514-0558-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Bull_d.e." title="Edvard Bull d.e.">Edvard Bull d.e.</a>: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2010070706128">Leding: militær og finansforfatning i Norge i ældre tid</a></i> – Steenske forlag – Kristiania 1920</li> <li>Harbitz, G.P.: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2008042500038">Den norske leidangen</a></i>, Oslo : Sjøforsvaret, 1951</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leidang.svartkrutt.net/">Øyvind Flatnes: <i>Leidangen i operativ tjeneste</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leidang&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/leidang">Leidang</a> hos <a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">Store norske leksikon</a></li></ul> <div class="ve-conditional-display-block">Autoritetsdata</div>    </div><noscript><img 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