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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakow_Petrowitsch_Kulnew" title="Jakow Petrowitsch Kulnew – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jakow Petrowitsch Kulnew" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Koulnev" title="Jacob Koulnev – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jacob Koulnev" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakov_Petrovi%C4%8D_Kul%27nev" title="Jakov Petrovič Kul'nev – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jakov Petrovič Kul'nev" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakovs_Ku%C4%BC%C5%86evs" title="Jakovs Kuļņevs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jakovs Kuļņevs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81" title="ياكوف كولنيف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ياكوف كولنيف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakov_Kulnev" title="Jakov Kulnev – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jakov Kulnev" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakow_Kulniew" title="Jakow Kulniew – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jakow Kulniew" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Кульнев, Яков Петрович – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кульнев, Яков Петрович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakov_Petrovi%C4%8D_Kulnjev" title="Jakov Petrovič Kulnjev – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jakov Petrovič Kulnjev" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%99%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Јаков Куљнев – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јаков Куљнев" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakov_Kulnev" title="Jakov Kulnev – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jakov Kulnev" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakov_Petrovitj_Kulnev" title="Jakov Petrovitj Kulnev – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jakov Petrovitj Kulnev" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Yakov Petrovich Kulnev</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kulnev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kulnev.jpg/220px-Kulnev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kulnev.jpg/330px-Kulnev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kulnev.jpg/440px-Kulnev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1657" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Yakov Petrovich Kulnev by <a href="/wiki/George_Dawe" title="George Dawe">George Dawe</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="nickname" lang="ru">Яковъ Петровичъ Кульневъ<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">5 August 1763<br />Lucyn, <a href="/wiki/Inflanty_Voivodeship" title="Inflanty Voivodeship">Inflanty Voivodeship</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> (Present Day <a href="/wiki/Ludza" title="Ludza">Ludza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 August 1812 (aged 48)<br />Klyastitsy, <a href="/wiki/Vitebsk_Governorate" title="Vitebsk Governorate">Vitebsk Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> (Present Day <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">Major-General</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1787%E2%80%931792)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)">Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Uprising" title="Kościuszko Uprising">Kościuszko Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Finnish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia"> Patriotic War of 1812</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._George" title="Order of St. George">St. George</a> 3rd class (1808)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Yakov Petrovich Kulnev</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Я́ков Петро́вич Ку́льнев</span>; 5 August 1763 – 1 August 1812<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was, along with <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Pyotr Bagration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Yermolov_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksey Yermolov (general)">Aleksey Yermolov</a>, one of the most popular <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> military leaders at the time of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Suvorov" title="Alexander Suvorov">Count Alexander Suvorov</a>'s admirer and participant of 55 battles, he lost his life during <a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_invasion_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon's invasion of Russia">Napoleon's invasion of Russia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_campaigns">Early campaigns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kulnev's father was a Russian Cavalry officer of lesser noble background who served in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kargopol_Regiment_of_Dragoons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kargopol Regiment of Dragoons (page does not exist)">Kargopol Regiment of Dragoons</a>. The future general was born in <a href="/wiki/Ludza" title="Ludza">Lucyn</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>), of which his father was afterwards a Mayor, and matriculated at the Infantry School for Nobility in 1785. </p><p>He joined a <a href="/wiki/Hussar" title="Hussar">hussar</a> regiment and, under <a href="/wiki/Suvorov" class="mw-redirect" title="Suvorov">Suvorov</a>'s command, took part in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1787-1792" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792">Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Campaign_of_1794-1795" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Campaign of 1794-1795">Polish Campaign of 1794-1795</a> inclusive of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1794)" title="Battle of Brest (1794)">Brześć</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Praga" title="Battle of Praga">Praga (Warsaw)</a> battles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKovalevsky1997_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKovalevsky1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following decade of his life is obscure. </p><p>In 1807 Kulnev was put in charge of the regiment of <a href="/wiki/Hrodna" class="mw-redirect" title="Hrodna">Hrodna</a> hussars fighting against <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>. He made a name for himself at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heilsberg" title="Battle of Heilsberg">Heilsberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Friedland" title="Battle of Friedland">Friedland</a>, where he famously fought his way out of an encirclement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finnish_campaign">Finnish campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Finnish campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russo-Swedish_War_(1808%E2%80%931809)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Swedish War (1808–1809)">Russo-Swedish War (1808–1809)</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Finnish War</a> against <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, Kulnev led <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Buxhoeveden" title="Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoeveden">Buxhoevden</a>'s vanguard. For his part in the storming of <a href="/wiki/Jakobstad" title="Jakobstad">Jakobstad</a> he was awarded a golden sabre. He encouraged <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla">guerrilla</a> fighting and fought with distinction at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lapua" title="Battle of Lapua">Lapua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kuortane" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kuortane">Kuortane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oravais" title="Battle of Oravais">Oravais</a> — three engagements which earned him <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint George">Order of Saint George</a> and the rank of Major General. Kulnev also won a notable victory <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyh%C3%A4joki" title="Battle of Pyhäjoki">at Pyhäjoki</a> in the early part of the war, but was defeated by a much larger Swedish force <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Siikajoki" title="Battle of Siikajoki">at Siikajoki</a>. <a href="/wiki/Denis_Davydov" title="Denis Davydov">Denis Davydov</a>, who fought under his command in Finland, described Yakov Kulnev's exploits in his memoirs. </p><p>Kulnev crowned the campaign by leading <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Bagration</a>'s vanguard across the frozen <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> towards the <a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland Islands</a> and thence to <a href="/wiki/Grisslehamn" title="Grisslehamn">Grisslehamn</a>, within 70 km from the Swedish capital, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>. This daring manoeuvre forced the Swedes to seek peace at any cost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turkish_campaign">Turkish campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Turkish campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1806%E2%80%931812)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)">Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)</a></div> <p>Awarded for his courage with <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Anna" title="Order of Saint Anna">Order of Saint Anna</a> of the 1st Degree, Kulnev was invited to take charge of the vanguard of the Danube Army which fought against the Turks in <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1806-1812" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812">Turkish Campaign of 1810</a>, Kulnev was one of Russia's ablest generals. His bold leadership made itself felt at <a href="/wiki/Shumla" class="mw-redirect" title="Shumla">Shumla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rousse" class="mw-redirect" title="Rousse">Rousse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Batin" title="Battle of Batin">Batin</a>, giving the campaign a character of decision it had been lacking heretofore. </p><p>A conflict with the commander-in-chief, <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Kamensky" title="Nikolay Kamensky">Nikolay Kamensky</a>, forced him to leave the army, however. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="War_of_1812">War of 1812</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: War of 1812"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French invasion of Russia</a></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_invasion_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon's invasion of Russia">Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812</a>, Kulnev was entrusted with defending the roads leading to the capital, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>. On July 3, his detachment took prisoner a French general and 200 cavalrymen. </p><p>On 18 July, he led 5,000 cavalrymen — who formed a vanguard of <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Wittgenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Wittgenstein">Wittgenstein</a>'s corps — against Marshal <a href="/wiki/Oudinot" class="mw-redirect" title="Oudinot">Oudinot</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Klyastitsy" title="Battle of Klyastitsy">Battle of Klyastitsy</a>. Taking prisoner 900 enemy soldiers, Kulnev crossed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drissa_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drissa River (page does not exist)">Drissa River</a> and clashed with a major French contingent. As the Russians came under heavy artillery fire, Kulnev was struck in the legs by a cannonball and lost both limbs. He died from the effects of wounds received at this engagement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assessment">Assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg/220px-%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg/330px-%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg/440px-%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86_20_%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F_1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%28%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D.%D0%A1._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption>Kulnev at Klyastitsy on 1 August 1812, by <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Samokish" title="Nikolay Samokish">Samokish</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although he did not live to take part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Battle of Borodino</a> and other famous battles of the Patriotic War, Kulnev was long remembered as a tough, impetuous, hot-tempered fighter. In 1830, the spot of his death was marked by a monument, with <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Zhukovsky" title="Vasily Zhukovsky">Zhukovsky</a>'s epitaph inscribed on it. In 1909, a hussar regiment was given his name. He died five days before his 49th birthday. </p><p>A typical <a href="/wiki/Romantic_hero" title="Romantic hero">Romantic hero</a> of the Napoleonic Wars, he emancipated his serfs and was reputed to live in poverty, in order to emulate the soldiers of Roman antiquity that were his ideal. It has been suggested that <a href="/wiki/Dubrovsky_(novel)" title="Dubrovsky (novel)">Dubrovsky</a>, a protagonist of <a href="/wiki/Pushkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushkin">Pushkin</a>'s eponymous novel, was modeled on Kulnev: Dubrovsky is described in the text as "a dark, swarthy 35-year-old, with a moustache and a beard, a genuine portrait of Kulnev". The Russian general is also the subject of <a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Runeberg</a>'s poem <i>Kulneff</i> (1848), which is part of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tales_of_Ensign_St%C3%A5l" title="The Tales of Ensign Stål">The Tales of Ensign Stål</a></i>: </p> <blockquote> <p>The Russian host could vaunt the name Of many a seasoned veteran Recorded on the scroll of fame Before <a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">our war</a> began. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Andreas_Barclay_de_Tolly" title="Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly">Barclay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Kamensky" title="Nikolay Kamensky">Kamensky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Bagration</a>, Were household names to every son of Finland. When they hove in sight, We could expect a fight. </p><p>But Kulnev's name was new to all Before the flame of war was blown And he came rushing like a squall, Scarce dreamed of before known. He struck like lightning from the blue So terrible and yet so new, But ne'er to be forgot, we felt, From the first blow he dealt. </p><p>English translation by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wharton_Stork" title="Charles Wharton Stork">Charles Wharton Stork</a> </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Russian_orthography#Post-revolution_reform" title="Reforms of Russian orthography">Pre-1918 Russian orthography</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Old_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Style">Old Style</a>: 25 Jul. 1763 – 20 Jul. 1812</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources_of_information">Sources of information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources of information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2120820">"КУЛЬНЕВ • Great Russian Encyclopedia – Electronic version"</a>. <i>old.bigenc.ru</i>. 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=old.bigenc.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%AC%D0%9D%D0%95%D0%92+%E2%80%A2+Great+Russian+Encyclopedia+%E2%80%93+Electronic+version&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fold.bigenc.ru%2Fmilitary_science%2Ftext%2F2120820&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYakov+Kulnev" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKovalevsky1997" class="citation book cs1">Kovalevsky, N. F. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrono.ru/biograf/bio_k/kulnev_jakov.php"><i>История государства Российского. Жизнеописания знаменитых военных деятелей XVIII – начала XX века</i></a>. Moscow<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE.+%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9+XVIII+%E2%80%93+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0+XX+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft.place=Moscow&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Kovalevsky&rft.aufirst=N.+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrono.ru%2Fbiograf%2Fbio_k%2Fkulnev_jakov.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYakov+Kulnev" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Kulnev&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Жизнь, характер и военные деяния храброго генерал-майора Якова Петровича Кульнева в Польше, Германии, Швеции, Турции и в достопамятную Отечественную войну 1812 года в России. Писанная А.Н.Н-м. [<i>Life, Character and Military Actions of Valiant Major General Yakov Petrovich Kulnev in Poland, Germany, Sweden, Turkey and in the Memorable Patriotic War of 1812 in Russia</i>]. Parts 1-2. SPb, 1815.</li> <li>Дух генерала Кульнева или черты и анекдоты, изображающие великие свойства его и достопамятные происшествия, как из частной, так и из военной его жизни... [<i>The Ethos of General Kulnev, or Traits and Anecdotes Representing His Great Qualities and Memorable Incidents from His Private and Military Life</i>]. SPb, 1817.</li> <li>Яков Петрович Кульнев. 1763-1812. Очерк его боевой жизни. Письма к брату. Могила Якова Петровича Кульнева. [<i>Yakov Petrovich Kulnev (1763-1812): Outline of His Military Career. Letters to His Brother. The Tomb of Yakov Petrovich Kulnev</i>]. Moscow, 1887.</li> <li>Елец Ю.Л. Кульнев. (К столетию Отечественной войны). [Yelets Yu.L. <i>Kulnev. To the Centenary of the Patriotic War</i>]. SPb, 1912.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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