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I am the LORD. <a href="/nlt/exodus/12.htm">New Living Translation</a> On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn son and firstborn male animal in the land of Egypt. I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt, for I am the LORD! <a href="/esv/exodus/12.htm">English Standard Version</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD. <a href="/bsb/exodus/12.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast, and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. <a href="/kjv/exodus/12.htm">King James Bible</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. <a href="/nkjv/exodus/12.htm">New King James Version</a> ‘For I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. <a href="/nasb_/exodus/12.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and fatally strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the human firstborn to animals; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—I am the LORD. <a href="/nasb/exodus/12.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8216For I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments— I am the LORD. <a href="/nasb77/exodus/12.htm">NASB 1977 </a> ‘For I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike down all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—I am the LORD. <a href="/lsb/exodus/12.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And I will go through the land of Egypt on that night and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—I am Yahweh. <a href="/amp/exodus/12.htm">Amplified Bible</a> For I [the LORD] will pass through the land of Egypt on this night, and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and animal; against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments [exhibiting their worthlessness]. I am the LORD. <a href="/csb/exodus/12.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the LORD; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. <a href="/hcsb/exodus/12.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both man and beast. I am Yahweh; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. <a href="/asv/exodus/12.htm">American Standard Version</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am Jehovah. <a href="/cev/exodus/12.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> That same night I will pass through Egypt and kill the first-born son in every family and the first-born male of all animals. I am the LORD, and I will punish the gods of Egypt. <a href="/erv/exodus/12.htm">English Revised Version</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD. <a href="/gwt/exodus/12.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> "On that same night I will go throughout Egypt and kill every firstborn male, both human and animal. I will severely punish all the gods of Egypt, [because] I am the LORD. <a href="/gnt/exodus/12.htm">Good News Translation</a> "On that night I will go through the land of Egypt, killing every first-born male, both human and animal, and punishing all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. <a href="/isv/exodus/12.htm">International Standard Version</a> I'll pass through the land of Egypt that night and strike every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I'll execute judgments on all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. <a href="/msb/exodus/12.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast, and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. <a href="/net/exodus/12.htm">NET Bible</a> I will pass through the land of Egypt in the same night, and I will attack all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both of humans and of animals, and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment. I am the LORD. <a href="/nheb/exodus/12.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and animal. Against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD. <a href="/wbt/exodus/12.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast: and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. <a href="/web/exodus/12.htm">World English Bible</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and animal. I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. I am Yahweh. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/exodus/12.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and I have passed over through the land of Egypt during this night, and have struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from man even to beast, and I do judgments on all the gods of Egypt; I [am] YHWH. <a href="/ylt/exodus/12.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and I have passed over through the land of Egypt during this night, and have smitten every first-born in the land of Egypt, from man even unto beast, and on all the gods of Egypt I do judgments; I am Jehovah. <a href="/slt/exodus/12.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And I passed over in the land of Egypt in this night, and I struck every first-born in the land of Egypt from man even to quadruped: and against all the gods of Egypt I will do judgments: I Jehovah.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/exodus/12.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and will kill every firstborn in the land of Egypt both man and beast: and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the Lord. <a href="/cpdv/exodus/12.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And I will cross through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from man, even to cattle. And I will bring judgments against all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. <a href="/nabre/exodus/12.htm">New American Bible</a> For on this same night I will go through Egypt, striking down every firstborn in the land, human being and beast alike, and executing judgment on all the gods of Egypt—I, the LORD! <a href="/nrsvce/exodus/12.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike down every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both human beings and animals; on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/exodus/12.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and all the first-born of the land of Egypt shall die, both man and beast; and against all the idols of Egypt I will execute judgment; I am the LORD. <a href="/hpbt/exodus/12.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And I shall pass through in the land of Egypt in this night and all the firstborn of the land of Egypt will die, from the sons of men and unto beast, and among all the worshiped creatures of the Egyptians I shall do judgment. I AM LORD JEHOVAH.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/exodus/12.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD. <a href="/sep/exodus/12.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> and I will go throughout the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite every first-born in the land of Egypt both man and beast, and on all the gods of Egypt will I execute vengeance: I am the Lord. <a href="/parallel/exodus/12-12.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=2785" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/exodus/12.htm">The First Passover</a> …11This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste; it is the LORD’s Passover. 12<a href="/hebrew/2088.htm" title="2088: haz·zeh (Art:: Pro-ms) -- This, here. A primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that.">On that</a> <a href="/hebrew/3915.htm" title="3915: bal·lay·lāh (Prep-b, Art:: N-ms) -- Night. Or leyl; also laylah; from the same as luwl; properly, a twist, i.e. Night; figuratively, adversity.">night</a> <a href="/hebrew/5674.htm" title="5674: wə·‘ā·ḇar·tî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-1cs) -- To pass over, through, or by, pass on. A primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition; specifically, to cover.">I will pass</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: ḇə·’e·reṣ- (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth.">through the land</a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt.">of Egypt</a> <a href="/hebrew/5221.htm" title="5221: wə·hik·kê·ṯî (Conj-w:: V-Hifil-ConjPerf-1cs) -- To smite. A primitive root; to strike.">and strike down</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: ḵāl (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">every</a> <a href="/hebrew/1060.htm" title="1060: bə·ḵō·wr (N-ms) -- First-born. From bakar; firstborn; hence, chief.">firstborn male,</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: bə·’e·reṣ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt."></a> <a href="/hebrew/120.htm" title="120: mê·’ā·ḏām (Prep-m:: N-ms) -- Man, mankind. From 'adam; ruddy i.e. A human being.">both man</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: wə·‘aḏ- (Conj-w:: Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">and</a> <a href="/hebrew/929.htm" title="929: bə·hê·māh (N-fs) -- A beast, animal, cattle. From an unused root; properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal.">beast,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: ’e·‘ĕ·śeh (V-Qal-Imperf-1cs) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">and I will execute</a> <a href="/hebrew/8201.htm" title="8201: šə·p̄ā·ṭîm (N-mp) -- Judgment. From shaphat; a sentence, i.e. Infliction.">judgment</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: ū·ḇə·ḵāl (Conj-w, Prep-b:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">against all</a> <a href="/hebrew/430.htm" title="430: ’ĕ·lō·hê (N-mpc) -- Plural of 'elowahh; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used of the supreme God">the gods</a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt.">of Egypt.</a> <a href="/hebrew/589.htm" title="589: ’ă·nî (Pro-1cs) -- I. Contracted from 'anokiy; I.">I</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">am the LORD.</a> 13The blood on the houses where you are staying will distinguish them; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will fall on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/leviticus/18-25.htm">Leviticus 18:25</a> Even the land has become defiled, so I am punishing it for its sin, and the land will vomit out its inhabitants. <a href="/numbers/33-4.htm">Numbers 33:4</a> who were burying all their firstborn, whom the LORD had struck down among them; for the LORD had executed judgment against their gods. <a href="/isaiah/19-1.htm">Isaiah 19:1</a> This is the burden against Egypt: Behold, the LORD rides on a swift cloud; He is coming to Egypt. The idols of Egypt will tremble before Him, and the hearts of the Egyptians will melt within them. <a href="/jeremiah/46-25.htm">Jeremiah 46:25</a> The LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “Behold, I am about to punish Amon god of Thebes, along with Pharaoh, Egypt with her gods and kings, and those who trust in Pharaoh. <a href="/ezekiel/30-13.htm">Ezekiel 30:13</a> This is what the Lord GOD says: I will destroy the idols and put an end to the images in Memphis. There will no longer be a prince in Egypt, and I will instill fear in that land. <a href="/psalms/82-1.htm">Psalm 82:1</a> A Psalm of Asaph. God presides in the divine assembly; He renders judgment among the gods: <a href="/zephaniah/2-11.htm">Zephaniah 2:11</a> The LORD will be terrifying to them when He starves all the gods of the earth. Then the nations of every shore will bow in worship to Him, each in its own place. <a href="/1_samuel/5-3.htm">1 Samuel 5:3-4</a> When the people of Ashdod got up early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen on his face before the ark of the LORD. So they took Dagon and returned him to his place. / But when they got up early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen on his face before the ark of the LORD, with his head and his hands broken off and lying on the threshold. Only the torso remained. <a href="/2_chronicles/14-12.htm">2 Chronicles 14:12</a> So the LORD struck down the Cushites before Asa and Judah, and the Cushites fled. <a href="/deuteronomy/32-39.htm">Deuteronomy 32:39</a> See now that I am He; there is no God besides Me. I bring death and I give life; I wound and I heal, and there is no one who can deliver from My hand. <a href="/john/12-31.htm">John 12:31</a> Now judgment is upon this world; now the prince of this world will be cast out. <a href="/colossians/2-15.htm">Colossians 2:15</a> And having disarmed the powers and authorities, He made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them by the cross. <a href="/hebrews/11-28.htm">Hebrews 11:28</a> By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch Israel’s own firstborn. <a href="/revelation/11-8.htm">Revelation 11:8</a> Their bodies will lie in the street of the great city—figuratively called Sodom and Egypt—where their Lord was also crucified. <a href="/1_corinthians/10-20.htm">1 Corinthians 10:20</a> No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons, not to God. And I do not want you to be participants with demons.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.pass<a href="/exodus/12-23.htm">Exodus 12:23</a> For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.<a href="/exodus/11-4.htm">Exodus 11:4,5</a> And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt: … <a href="/amos/5-17.htm">Amos 5:17</a> And in all vineyards shall be wailing: for I will pass through thee, saith the LORD.will smite<a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Exodus 12:29,30</a> And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle… <a href="/exodus/11-4.htm">Exodus 11:4-6</a> And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt: … against<a href="/numbers/33-4.htm">Numbers 33:4</a> For the Egyptians buried all their firstborn, which the LORD had smitten among them: upon their gods also the LORD executed judgments.<a href="/1_samuel/5-3.htm">1 Samuel 5:3</a> And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the earth before the ark of the LORD. And they took Dagon, and set him in his place again.<a href="/1_samuel/6-5.htm">1 Samuel 6:5</a> Wherefore ye shall make images of your emerods, and images of your mice that mar the land; and ye shall give glory unto the God of Israel: peradventure he will lighten his hand from off you, and from off your gods, and from off your land.gods.<a href="/exodus/21-6.htm">Exodus 21:6</a> Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.<a href="/exodus/22-28.htm">Exodus 22:28</a> Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people.<a href="/psalms/82-1.htm">Psalm 82:1,6</a> A Psalm of Asaph. God standeth in the congregation of the mighty; he judgeth among the gods… I am the Lord<a href="/exodus/6-2.htm">Exodus 6:2</a> And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, I am the LORD:<a href="/isaiah/43-11.htm">Isaiah 43:11-15</a> I, even I, am the LORD; and beside me there is no saviour… <a href="/ezekiel/12-16.htm">Ezekiel 12:16</a> But I will leave a few men of them from the sword, from the famine, and from the pestilence; that they may declare all their abominations among the heathen whither they come; and they shall know that I am the LORD.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/11-7.htm">Animal</a> <a href="/exodus/11-7.htm">Beast</a> <a href="/exodus/12-1.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/revelation/17-17.htm">Execute</a> <a href="/exodus/11-5.htm">Firstborn</a> <a href="/exodus/11-5.htm">First-Born</a> <a href="/genesis/35-4.htm">Gods</a> <a href="/exodus/7-4.htm">Judgment</a> <a href="/exodus/7-4.htm">Judgments</a> <a href="/exodus/12-8.htm">Night</a> <a href="/exodus/9-15.htm">Smite</a> <a href="/exodus/12-7.htm">Strike</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/13-2.htm">Animal</a> <a href="/exodus/13-2.htm">Beast</a> <a href="/exodus/12-13.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/leviticus/26-25.htm">Execute</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Firstborn</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">First-Born</a> <a href="/exodus/15-11.htm">Gods</a> <a href="/exodus/21-31.htm">Judgment</a> <a href="/exodus/21-1.htm">Judgments</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Night</a> <a href="/exodus/12-13.htm">Smite</a> <a href="/exodus/12-13.htm">Strike</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 12</div>1. <a href="/exodus/12-1.htm">The beginning of the year is changed</a> 3. <a href="/exodus/12-3.htm">The Passover is instituted</a> 11. <a href="/exodus/12-11.htm">The import of the rite of the Passover</a> 15. <a href="/exodus/12-15.htm">Unleavened bread</a> 29. <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">The firstborn are slain</a> 31. <a href="/exodus/12-31.htm">The Israelites are driven out of the land</a> 37. <a href="/exodus/12-37.htm">They come to Succoth</a> 41. <a href="/exodus/12-41.htm">The time of their sojourning</a> 43. <a href="/exodus/12-43.htm">The ordinance of the Passover</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/12.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/12.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>On that night This phrase refers to the specific night of the Passover, a pivotal event in the history of Israel. It marks the culmination of the ten plagues that God sent upon Egypt to compel Pharaoh to release the Israelites from slavery. The timing underscores the immediacy and urgency of God's intervention.I will pass through the land of Egypt God's presence moving through Egypt signifies divine judgment and deliverance. This action is reminiscent of the theophany, where God manifests His presence in a tangible way. It also foreshadows the future deliverance of God's people, pointing to the ultimate redemption through Christ.and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast The death of the firstborn is the final and most severe of the plagues, targeting the future and strength of Egypt. This act demonstrates God's power over life and death and serves as a direct challenge to the Egyptian belief in the divine protection of their firstborn. It also prefigures the sacrifice of Jesus, the firstborn of all creation, who dies to bring life.and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt This phrase highlights the spiritual warfare aspect of the plagues. Each plague systematically dismantles the authority of the Egyptian deities, demonstrating their impotence before the God of Israel. This judgment reveals the futility of idolatry and affirms the supremacy of the one true God.I am the LORD This declaration asserts God's identity and authority. The use of "LORD" (YHWH) is significant, as it is the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal, self-existent nature. It reassures the Israelites of His faithfulness and power to fulfill His promises, ultimately pointing to the revelation of God in Jesus Christ, who embodies the fullness of God's covenantal love and faithfulness.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD (Yahweh)</a> The covenant-keeping God of Israel, who demonstrates His power and sovereignty over Egypt and its gods. 2. <a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a> The land where the Israelites were enslaved, representing a place of oppression and idolatry. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_firstborn.htm">The Firstborn</a> Both human and animal firstborns in Egypt, symbolizing the strength and future of the nation. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_passover_night.htm">The Passover Night</a> The pivotal event where God executes judgment, leading to the liberation of the Israelites. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_gods_of_egypt.htm">The Gods of Egypt</a> The deities worshiped by the Egyptians, which are shown to be powerless before Yahweh.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> God is supreme over all nations and deities. His power is unmatched, and He alone is worthy of worship. <a href="/topical/j/judgment_and_deliverance.htm">Judgment and Deliverance</a> God's judgment on Egypt is also an act of deliverance for His people. He is both just and merciful. <a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience.htm">The Importance of Obedience</a> The Israelites' obedience in marking their doorposts with blood was crucial for their salvation. Obedience to God's commands is vital for believers today. <a href="/topical/t/the_futility_of_idolatry.htm">The Futility of Idolatry</a> The gods of Egypt were powerless against Yahweh. Idolatry, in any form, is futile and leads to destruction. <a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_to_his_promises.htm">God's Faithfulness to His Promises</a> The deliverance from Egypt is a fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, showing His faithfulness across generations.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_12.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 12</a> <a href="/q/what_defines_kemetic_spirituality.htm">What defines Kemetic spirituality?</a> <a href="/q/what's_the_passover_lamb's_meaning.htm">What is the significance of the Passover Lamb?</a> <a href="/q/what's_jesus'_link_to_passover.htm">How are Jesus and the Passover connected?</a> <a href="/q/how_to_reconcile_jer._46_25-26_with_other_scriptures.htm">Jeremiah 46:25–26 – How can we harmonize Jehovah’s pronouncement of destruction on Egypt with other Scriptures that portray God’s relationship with nations differently?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/12.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(12) For I will pass through.--Rather, go through, since the word used is entirely unconnected with pesahh.Against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment.--The translation "gods" is far preferable to that of "princes," given in the margin. The death of all the firstborn beasts would have been felt by the Egyptians as a heavy judgment upon their gods. Some of their sacred animals were regarded as actual incarnations of deity; and if any of these perished, as is likely, the threat would have been executed to the letter. But even apart from this, as cows, sheep, goats, cats, dogs, jackals, crocodiles, hippopotami, apes, ibises, frogs, &c, were sacred, either throughout Egypt or in parts of it, a general destruction of all firstborn animals would have been felt as a blow dealt to the gods almost equally.I am the Lord.--Heb. I, Jehovah. The construction is, "I, Jehovah, will execute judgment."<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/12.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 12. - For I will pass through, etc. God now proceeds to give the reason for the institution of the new ceremony, and to explain the new term pesach. "I have commanded this rite," He says, "because I am about to go through the whole land of Egypt as a destroyer, executing judgment; I am about to smite and kill every one of the firstborn both of man and beast. I shall enter into every house, and slay the first-born in it, unless I see upon the house the token of the blood of the lamb. In that ease I shall pass over the house, and you will escape the plague." It would clear the sense if the opening words of verse 12 were translated - "For I shall go through," instead of "pass through." The word translated "pass through" has no connection at all with that rendered "pass over." Against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment. These words are exegetical of the word "beast," which immediately precedes. Animal worship was an important part of the religion of the Egyptians. At four great cities, Memphis, Heliopolis, Hermonthis, a sort of suburb of Thebes, and Momemphis in the Western Delta, animals were maintained, which were viewed as actual incarnations of deity - the Apis Bull at Memphis, a bull called Mnevis at Heliopolis, one termed Bacis or Pacts at Hermonthis, and at Momemphis a White Cow. If any of these were at the time animals that had "opened the womb," death must have fallen upon them. Thus would judgment have been executed, literally, upon Egyptian "gods." But, besides these, the whole country was filled with sacred animals, regarded as emblematic of certain particular deities, and as belonging to them. Sheep were sacred to Kneph, goats to Khem, cows to Athor, cats to Pasht, dogs and jackals to Anubis, lions to Horus, crocodiles to Set and Sabak, hippopotami to Taouris, cynocephalous apes to Thoth, frogs to Heka. A sudden mortality among the sacred animals would be felt by the Egyptians as a blow struck against the gods to whom they belonged, and as a judgment upon them. It is scarcely necessary to understand literally the expression "all the gods," and to defend it by the assertion that "not a single deity of Egypt but was represented by some beast." Such an assertion cannot be proved; and is probably not correct. It has often been remarked, and is generally allowed, that Scripture uses universal expressions, where most, or even many, of a class are meant. I am the Lord. Rather as in <a href="/exodus/6-8.htm">Exodus 6:8</a>, "Against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment, I, Jehovah." <a href="/commentaries/exodus/12-12.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>On that הַזֶּה֒ (haz·zeh) Article | Pronoun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2088.htm">Strong's 2088: </a> This, that night בַּלַּ֣יְלָה (bal·lay·lāh) Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3915.htm">Strong's 3915: </a> A twist, night, adversity I will pass וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י (wə·‘ā·ḇar·tî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5674.htm">Strong's 5674: </a> To pass over, through, or by, pass on through the land בְאֶֽרֶץ־ (ḇə·’e·reṣ-) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_776.htm">Strong's 776: </a> Earth, land of Egypt מִצְרַיִם֮ (miṣ·ra·yim) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4714.htm">Strong's 4714: </a> Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa and strike down וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י (wə·hik·kê·ṯî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5221.htm">Strong's 5221: </a> To strike every כָל־ (ḵāl) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every firstborn male, בְּכוֹר֙ (bə·ḵō·wr) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1060.htm">Strong's 1060: </a> Firstborn, chief both man מֵאָדָ֖ם (mê·’ā·ḏām) Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_120.htm">Strong's 120: </a> Ruddy, a human being and וְעַד־ (wə·‘aḏ-) Conjunctive waw | Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> As far as, even to, up to, until, while beast, בְּהֵמָ֑ה (bə·hê·māh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_929.htm">Strong's 929: </a> A dumb beast, any large quadruped, animal and I will execute אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה (’e·‘ĕ·śeh) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> To do, make judgment שְׁפָטִ֖ים (šə·p̄ā·ṭîm) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8201.htm">Strong's 8201: </a> A sentence, infliction against all וּבְכָל־ (ū·ḇə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every the gods אֱלֹהֵ֥י (’ĕ·lō·hê) Noun - masculine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_430.htm">Strong's 430: </a> gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative of Egypt. מִצְרַ֛יִם (miṣ·ra·yim) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4714.htm">Strong's 4714: </a> Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa I אֲנִ֥י (’ă·nî) Pronoun - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_589.htm">Strong's 589: </a> I am the LORD. יְהוָֽה׃ (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">OT Law: Exodus 12:12 For I will go through the land (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/12-11.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 12:11"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 12:11" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/12-13.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 12:13"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 12:13" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>