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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Number_of_biographies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Number_of_biographies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Number of biographies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Number_of_biographies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earliest_biographers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earliest_biographers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Earliest biographers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Earliest_biographers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Earliest biographers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Earliest_biographers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1st_century_of_Hijra_(622–719_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1st_century_of_Hijra_(622–719_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1st century of Hijra (622–719 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1st_century_of_Hijra_(622–719_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2nd_century_of_Hijra_(720–816_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2nd_century_of_Hijra_(720–816_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2nd century of Hijra (720–816 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2nd_century_of_Hijra_(720–816_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3rd_century_of_Hijra_(817–913_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3rd_century_of_Hijra_(817–913_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>3rd century of Hijra (817–913 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3rd_century_of_Hijra_(817–913_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-4th_century_of_Hijra_(914–1010_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4th_century_of_Hijra_(914–1010_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>4th century of Hijra (914–1010 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4th_century_of_Hijra_(914–1010_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-5th_century_of_Hijra_(1011–1108_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#5th_century_of_Hijra_(1011–1108_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>5th century of Hijra (1011–1108 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-5th_century_of_Hijra_(1011–1108_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-6th_century_of_Hijra_(1109–1206_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#6th_century_of_Hijra_(1109–1206_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>6th century of Hijra (1109–1206 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-6th_century_of_Hijra_(1109–1206_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-7th_century_of_Hijra_(1207–1303_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#7th_century_of_Hijra_(1207–1303_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>7th century of Hijra (1207–1303 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-7th_century_of_Hijra_(1207–1303_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-8th_century_of_Hijra_(1304–1400_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#8th_century_of_Hijra_(1304–1400_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>8th century of Hijra (1304–1400 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-8th_century_of_Hijra_(1304–1400_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others_(710–1100_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others_(710–1100_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Others (710–1100 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others_(710–1100_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_writers_and_biographies_(1100–1517_CE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_writers_and_biographies_(1100–1517_CE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later writers and biographies (1100–1517 CE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_writers_and_biographies_(1100–1517_CE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century_CE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century_CE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>19th century CE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century_CE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_biographies_(1900_CE_–_present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_biographies_(1900_CE_–_present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Modern biographies (1900 CE – present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_biographies_(1900_CE_–_present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biographies_missing_date_of_publication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographies_missing_date_of_publication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Biographies missing date of publication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographies_missing_date_of_publication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of biographies of Muhammad</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="মুহাম্মদের জীবনীগ্রন্থের তালিকা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুহাম্মদের জীবনীগ্রন্থের তালিকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%82%DB%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%BA%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%BA%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1" title="پێرستی قۆناغەکانی ژیانی پێغەمبەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێرستی قۆناغەکانی ژیانی پێغەمبەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_profeetta_Muhammedin_el%C3%A4m%C3%A4kerroista" title="Luettelo profeetta Muhammedin elämäkerroista – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luettelo profeetta Muhammedin elämäkerroista" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed%27in_biyografileri_listesi" title="Muhammed'in biyografileri listesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Muhammed'in biyografileri listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="کتب سیرت کی فہرست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کتب سیرت کی فہرست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_biyografiyan%C3%AA_M%C4%B1hemmedi" title="Lista biyografiyanê Mıhemmedi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Lista biyografiyanê Mıhemmedi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6607568#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to 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href="/wiki/Prophets_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets in Islam">prophet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, from the earliest traditional writers to modern times. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Number_of_biographies">Number of biographies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Number of biographies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The literature is extensive: in the <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu language</a> alone, a scholar from <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in 2024 came up with a bibliography of more than 10,000 titles counting multivolume works as a single book and without taking into account articles, short essays or unpublished manuscripts, with the author also precising that the literature in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> is even more important.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earliest_biographers">Earliest biographers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Earliest biographers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a list of the earliest known <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a> collectors who specialized in collecting <a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Sīra and Maghāzī</a> reports. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1st_century_of_Hijra_(622–719_CE)"><span id="1st_century_of_Hijra_.28622.E2.80.93719_CE.29"></span>1st century of Hijra (622–719 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1st century of Hijra (622–719 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Sahl ibn Abī Ḥathma (d. in <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'awiya">Mu'awiya</a>'s reign, i.e., 41-60 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a>), was a young <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahaba">companion</a> of Muhammad. Parts of his writings on Maghazi are preserved in the <i>Ansāb</i> of <a href="/wiki/Al-Baladhuri" title="Al-Baladhuri">al-Baladhuri</a>, the <i>Ṭabaqāt</i> of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d" title="Ibn Sa'd">Ibn Sa'd</a>, and the works of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Jarir al-Tabari">Ibn Jarir al-Tabari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Waqidi" title="Al-Waqidi">al-Waqidi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Abbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah ibn Abbas">Abdullah ibn Abbas</a> (d. 78 AH), a <a href="/wiki/Companion_of_Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of Muhammad">companion of Muhammad</a>, his traditions are found in various works of <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a> and Sīra.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Saʿīd ibn Saʿd ibn ʿUbāda al-Khazrajī, another young companion, whose writings have survived in the <i>Musnad</i> of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hanbal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Hanbal">Ibn Hanbal</a> and Abī ʿIwāna, and al-Tabari's <i>Tārīkh</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BFUrwa_ibn_al-Zubayr" class="mw-redirect" title="ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr">ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr</a> (d. 713). He wrote letters replying to inquiries of the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad" class="mw-redirect" title="Umayyad">Umayyad</a> caliphs, <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I" title="Al-Walid I">al-Walid I</a>, involving questions about certain events that happened in the time of Muhammad. Since Abd al-Malik did not appreciate the maghāzī literature, these letters were not written in story form. He is not known to have written any books on the subject.<sup id="cite_ref-EQ_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a grandson of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> and the younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_al-Zubayr" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr">Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr</a>.</li> <li>Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib al-Makhzūmī (d. 94 AH), a famous <a href="/wiki/T%C4%81bi%CA%BF%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tābiʿī">Tābiʿī</a> and one of the teachers of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Shihab_al-Zuhri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri">Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri</a>. His traditions are quoted in the <a href="/wiki/Six_major_hadith_collections" class="mw-redirect" title="Six major hadith collections">Six major hadith collections</a>, and in the Sīra works of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fat%E1%B8%A5_al-Din_Ibn_Sayyid_al-N%C4%81s" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatḥ al-Din Ibn Sayyid al-Nās">Ibn Sayyid al-Nās</a>, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abū Fiḍāla ʿAbd Allāh ibn Kaʿb ibn Mālik al-Anṣārī (d. 97 AH), his traditions are mentioned by Ibn Ishaq and al-Tabari.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aban_ibn_Uthman" title="Aban ibn Uthman">Abān ibn Uthmān ibn Affān</a> (d. 101-105 AH), the son of <a href="/wiki/Uthman" title="Uthman">Uthman</a> wrote a small booklet. His traditions are transmitted through <a href="/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anas" title="Malik ibn Anas">Malik ibn Anas</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Muwatta_Imam_Malik" title="Muwatta Imam Malik">Muwaṭṭaʾ</a></i>, the <i>Ṭabaqāt</i> of Ibn Sa'd, and in the histories of al-Tabari and <a href="/wiki/Al-Ya%CA%BFq%C5%ABb%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Yaʿqūbī">al-Yaʿqūbī</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ʿĀmir ibn Sharāḥīl al-Shaʿbī (d. 103 AH), his traditions were transmitted through Abu Isḥāq al-Subaiʿī, Saʿīd ibn Masrūq al-Thawrī, al-Aʿmash, Qatāda, Mujālid ibn Saʿīd, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_ibn_Munabbih" title="Hammam ibn Munabbih">Hammam ibn Munabbih</a> (d. 101 AH/719 CE), author of the <a href="/wiki/Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih">Sahifah</a> and a student of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Hurayrah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Hurayrah">Abu Hurayrah</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2nd_century_of_Hijra_(720–816_CE)"><span id="2nd_century_of_Hijra_.28720.E2.80.93816_CE.29"></span>2nd century of Hijra (720–816 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2nd century of Hijra (720–816 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr (d. 107 AH), another grandson of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a>. His traditions are mainly found in the works of al-Tabari, al-Balathuri, and al-Waqidi.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahb_ibn_Munabbih" title="Wahb ibn Munabbih">Wahb ibn Munabbih</a> (d. during 725 to 737, or 114 AH). Several books were ascribed to him but none of them are now existing. Some of his works survive as quotations found in works by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Jarir al-Tabari">Ibn Jarir al-Tabari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Nu%CA%BFaym_al-I%E1%B9%A3fah%C4%81n%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī">Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī</a>, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmad_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EQ_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Shih%C4%81b_al-Zuhr%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī">Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī</a> (d. <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 737</span>), a central figure in sīra literature, who collected both ahadith and akhbār. His akhbār also contain chains of transmissions, or <a href="/wiki/Isnad" title="Isnad">isnad</a>. He was sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad" class="mw-redirect" title="Umayyad">Umayyad</a> court and asked to write two books, one on <a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a> and another on maghāzī. The first was canceled and the one about maghāzī is either not extant or has never been written.<sup id="cite_ref-EQ_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_ibn_%CA%BFUqba" title="Musa ibn ʿUqba">Musa ibn ʿUqba</a>, a student of al-Zuhrī, wrote <i>Kitāb al-Maghāzī</i>, a notebook used to teach his students; once thought to be lost now rediscovered. Some of his traditions have been preserved, although their attribution to him is disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-EQ_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Ishaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad ibn Ishaq">Muhammad ibn Ishaq</a> (d. 767 or 761), another student of al-Zuhrī, who collected oral traditions that formed the basis of an important biography of Muhammad. His work survived through that of his editors, most notably <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Jarir al-Tabari">Ibn Jarir al-Tabari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EQ_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jurayj" title="Ibn Jurayj">Ibn Jurayj</a> (d. 150 AH), has been described as a "contemporary" of Ibn Ishaq and "rival authority based in Mecca"<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abū Ishāq al-Fazarī (d. 186 AH) wrote Kitāb al-Siyar.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ma%27shar_Najih_Al-Madani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Ma'shar Najih Al-Madani">Abu Ma'shar Najih Al-Madani</a> (d. <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 787</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Waqidi" title="Al-Waqidi">Al-Waqidi</a>, whose surviving work <i>Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi</i> (<i>Book of History and Campaigns</i>) has been published.</li> <li>Hisham Ibn Urwah ibn Zubayr, son of <a href="/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Zubayr" class="mw-redirect" title="Urwah ibn Zubayr">Urwah ibn Zubayr</a>, generally quoted traditions from his father but was also a pupil of al-Zuhri.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3rd_century_of_Hijra_(817–913_CE)"><span id="3rd_century_of_Hijra_.28817.E2.80.93913_CE.29"></span>3rd century of Hijra (817–913 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 3rd century of Hijra (817–913 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Bakka%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Bakka'i (page does not exist)">Al-Bakka'i</a> was a disciple of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a> and teacher of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a> and thus forms a very important link in Sira between the two great scholars.</li> <li>Abdul Malik <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a>, his work incorporated the text of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a>; he was a pupil of Al-Bakkaa'i.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27d" title="Ibn Sa'd">Ibn Sa'd</a> wrote the 8-volume work called <i>Tabaqat</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_the_Major_Classes" class="mw-redirect" title="The Book of the Major Classes">The Book of the Major Classes</a></i>; he was also a pupil of <a href="/wiki/Al-Waqidi" title="Al-Waqidi">Al-Waqidi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Isa_Muhammad_al-Tirmidhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Isa Muhammad al-Tirmidhi">Abu Isa Muhammad al-Tirmidhi</a> wrote compilations of <i>Shamaail</i> (Characteristics of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari">Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari</a> (d. 923) wrote the well-known work <i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Prophets_and_Kings" title="History of the Prophets and Kings">History of the Prophets and Kings</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose earlier books include the life of Muhammad, which cite <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ishaq" title="Ibn Ishaq">Ibn Ishaq</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="4th_century_of_Hijra_(914–1010_CE)"><span id="4th_century_of_Hijra_.28914.E2.80.931010_CE.29"></span>4th century of Hijra (914–1010 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 4th century of Hijra (914–1010 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hibban" title="Ibn Hibban">Ibn Hibban</a> (d.965) wrote <i>Kitāb al-sīra al-nabawiyya wa akhbār al-khulafāʾ</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="5th_century_of_Hijra_(1011–1108_CE)"><span id="5th_century_of_Hijra_.281011.E2.80.931108_CE.29"></span>5th century of Hijra (1011–1108 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 5th century of Hijra (1011–1108 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abd_al-Barr" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Abd al-Barr">Ibn Abd al-Barr</a> wrote <i>al-Durar fi ikhtisar al-maghazi was-siyar</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-encyproph_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Nu%27aym_al-Isfahani" title="Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani">Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani</a> (d. 1038) wrote <i>Dala'il al-Nubuwwa</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Bayhaqi" title="Al-Bayhaqi">Al-Bayhaqi</a> (d. 1066), wrote <i>Dala'il al-Nabuwwa</i> (Proof of Prophethood).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Baghawi" title="Al-Baghawi">Al-Baghawi</a> wrote <i>al-Anwar fi Shama'il al-Nabi al-Mukhtar</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hazm" title="Ibn Hazm">Ibn Hazm</a> wrote <i>Jamawiʿ al-Sīra</i> (<i>The Sira Synopsis</i>), an abridgement of the work of Ibn Abd al-Barr.<sup id="cite_ref-encyproph_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="6th_century_of_Hijra_(1109–1206_CE)"><span id="6th_century_of_Hijra_.281109.E2.80.931206_CE.29"></span>6th century of Hijra (1109–1206 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 6th century of Hijra (1109–1206 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Suhayli" title="Al-Suhayli">Abu al-Qasim al-Suhayli</a> (d. 1185), a grammarian from <a href="/wiki/Malaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaga">Malaga</a>, wrote <i>al-Rawd al-unuf</i>, a commentary on Ibn Hisham's biography explaining the difficult and ambiguous words.<sup id="cite_ref-encyproph_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="7th_century_of_Hijra_(1207–1303_CE)"><span id="7th_century_of_Hijra_.281207.E2.80.931303_CE.29"></span>7th century of Hijra (1207–1303 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 7th century of Hijra (1207–1303 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Al-Kalāʿī of Valencia (d. 1236) wrote a three-volume biography called <i>al-Iktifāʾ</i>. It follows the structure of Ibn Ishaq's sira with additional traditions from various other works.<sup id="cite_ref-encyproph_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abdul Mu'min <a href="/wiki/Al-Dimyati" title="Al-Dimyati">al-Dimyati</a> (d. 705AH/1305CE), wrote the book "al-Mukhtasar fi Sirati Sayyid Khair al-Bashar" but is commonly referred to as Sira of Al-Dimyati.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="8th_century_of_Hijra_(1304–1400_CE)"><span id="8th_century_of_Hijra_.281304.E2.80.931400_CE.29"></span>8th century of Hijra (1304–1400 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 8th century of Hijra (1304–1400 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fath_al-Din_Ibn_Sayyid_al-Nas" title="Fath al-Din Ibn Sayyid al-Nas">Fath al-Din Ibn Sayyid al-Nas</a> (d. 1334), wrote a famous biography <i>ʿUyūn al-athar fī funūn al-maghāzī wa al-shamāʾil wa al-siyar</i>.</li> <li>Mughulṭāy (d. 762/1361) wrote <i>al-Zahr al-bāsim</i> in several volumes and an abridged version called <i>al-Ishāra ila sīrat al-musṭafa</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-encyproph_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Kathir" title="Ibn Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> (d. 1373), wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Sira_Al-Nabawiyya_(Ibn_Kathir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyya (Ibn Kathir)">Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyya (Ibn Kathir)</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others_(710–1100_CE)"><span id="Others_.28710.E2.80.931100_CE.29"></span>Others (710–1100 CE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Others (710–1100 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad" title="Special:EditPage/List of biographies of Muhammad">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" title="Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a>, the husband of <a href="/wiki/Asma_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Asma bint Abi Bakr">Asma bint Abi Bakr</a>.</li> <li>Asim Ibn Umar Ibn Qatada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ansari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ansari (page does not exist)">Al-Ansari</a></li> <li>Ma'mar Ibn Rashid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Azdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Azdi (page does not exist)">Al-Azdi</a>, pupil of al-Zuhri</li> <li>Abdul Rahman ibn Abdul Aziz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ausi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ausi (page does not exist)">Al-Ausi</a>, pupil of al-Zuhri</li> <li>Muhammad ibn Salih ibn Dinar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Tammar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Tammar (page does not exist)">Al-Tammar</a> was a pupil of al-Zuhri and mentor of <a href="/wiki/Al-Waqidi" title="Al-Waqidi">al-Waqidi</a>.</li> <li>Ya'qub bin Utba Ibn Mughira Ibn Al-Akhnas Ibn Shuraiq <a href="/wiki/Al-Thaqafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Thaqafi">al-Thaqafi</a></li> <li>Ali ibn mujahid Al razi Al kindi.</li> <li>Salama ibn Al-Fadl Al-Abrash Al-Ansari, pupil of Ibn Ishaq.</li> <li>Abu Sa`d al-Naysaburi wrote <i>Sharaf al-Mustafa</i></li> <li>Faryabi wrote <i>Dala'il al-Nubuwwa</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_writers_and_biographies_(1100–1517_CE)"><span id="Later_writers_and_biographies_.281100.E2.80.931517_CE.29"></span>Later writers and biographies (1100–1517 CE)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Later writers and biographies (1100–1517 CE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mustafa son of Yusuf of <a href="/wiki/Erzurum" title="Erzurum">Erzurum</a>, completed <i><a href="/wiki/Siyer-i_Nebi" title="Siyer-i Nebi">Siyer-i Nebi</a></i></li> <li>Ala'al-Din Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Khilati Hanafi, wrote Sirat of Al-Khilati.</li> <li>Sheikh Zahir al-Din ibn Muhammad Gazaruni.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu-al-Faraj_ibn_Al-Jawzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu-al-Faraj ibn Al-Jawzi">Abu-al-Faraj ibn Al-Jawzi</a>, wrote books on Sira such as <i>al-Wafa bi-ahwal al-Mustafa</i> and <i>Sharaf al-Mustafa</i> (full title of book: Uyun al-hikayat fi Sirat Sayyid al-Bariyya).</li> <li>Abu Rabi Sulaiman ibn Musa Al-Kala'i compiled a book titled "Iktifa fi Maghazi al-Mustafa wal-Khulafa al-Thalatha".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyad_ben_Moussa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayyad ben Moussa">Qadi `Iyad</a>, wrote the famous <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_bi_Ta%27rif_Huquq_al-Mustafa" title="Al-Shifa bi Ta'rif Huquq al-Mustafa">al-Shifa bi ta`rif huquq al-Mustafa – Healing by the Recognition of the Rights of or News of the Chosen One</a></i>.</li> <li>Zain al-Din Iraqi was a teacher of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani">Ibn Hajar</a> and he wrote <i>Sira Manzuma</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qastallani" title="Al-Qastallani">Al-Qastallani</a>, his book on Sira is <i>al-Mawahib al-Ladunniya</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Zurqani" title="Muhammad al-Zurqani">Al-Zurqani</a> wrote a commentary on the <i>al-Mawahib al-Ladunniya</i> by Qastallani and it was called <i><a href="/wiki/Sharh_al-Mawahib_al-Ladunniyyah" title="Sharh al-Mawahib al-Ladunniyyah">al-Zurqani 'ala al-Mawahib</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qazi_Halb_Burhan-ud-din&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qazi Halb Burhan-ud-din (page does not exist)">`Allama Burhanuddin al-Halabi</a>, wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Sirat_al-Halbiya" title="Sirat al-Halbiya">Sirah al-Halabiyya</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawardi">Al-Mawardi</a> wrote <i>I`lam al-Nubuwwa</i>.</li> <li>`Abd al-Haqq al-Muhaddith al-Dahlawi wrote <i>Madarij al-Nubuwwa</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jami" title="Jami">Mulla Nuruddin Jami</a> wrote <i>Shawahid al-Nubuwwa</i>.</li> <li>Al-Aydurusi wrote <i>Nur al-Safir</i>.</li> <li>Bajuri wrote <i>Sharh al-Mawahib al-laduniyya</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Haytami" title="Ibn Hajar al-Haytami">Ibn Hajar al-Haytami</a> wrote <i>Ashraf al-wasa'il ila faham al-Shama'il</i>.</li> <li>Ibn Mulaqqan wrote <i>Ghayat al-sul fi Khasa'is al-Rasul</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Sirhindi_al-Faruqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Sirhindi al-Faruqi">Ahmad Sirhindi al-Faruqi</a> wrote <i>Ithbat al-Nubuwwa</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Dihya_al-Kalby" title="Ibn Dihya al-Kalby">Ibn Dihya</a> wrote <i>Nihaya al-Sul fi Khasa'is al-Rasul</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suyuti" class="mw-redirect" title="Suyuti">Jalaluddin al-Suyuti</a> wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Al_Khasais-ul-Kubra" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Khasais-ul-Kubra">Al Khasais-ul-Kubra</a></i>, <i>al-Khasa'is al-Sughra</i> and <i>Shama'il al-Sharifa</i>.</li> <li>`<a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Ghani_al-Maqdisi" title="Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi">Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi</a> wrote <i>al-Durra al-Mudiyya</i>.</li> <li>Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Salihi al-Shami wrote <i>Subul al-huda wa al-Rashad fi Sirah Khayr al-`Ibad</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Ahmad_al-Samhudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Ahmad al-Samhudi">Nuruddin `Ali ibn Ahmad al-Samhudi</a> wrote <i>Khulasa al-Wafa bi-Akhbar Dar al-Mustafa</i>.</li> <li>`Izzuddin ibn Badruddin ibn Jama`ah al-Kinani wrote <i>al-Mukhtasar al-kabir fi Sirah al-Rasul</i>.</li> <li>Sheikh Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab At-Tamimi An-Najdi wrote Mukhtasar Sirat Ar-Rasul, it is an abridgement of Sirat Ibn-e-Hisham.(available in Urdu pdf)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century_CE">19th century CE</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 19th century CE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBush,_George1831" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Bush_(biblical_scholar)" title="George Bush (biblical scholar)">Bush, George</a> (1831). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifemohammed00bushuoft"><i>The Life of Mohammed: Founder of the Religion of Islam, and of the Empire of the Saracens</i></a>. J. & J. Harper.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Mohammed%3A+Founder+of+the+Religion+of+Islam%2C+and+of+the+Empire+of+the+Saracens&rft.pub=J.+%26+J.+Harper&rft.date=1831&rft.au=Bush%2C+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifemohammed00bushuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Weil" title="Gustav Weil">Gustav Weil</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/ssg/content/titleinfo/1010167">Mohammed der Prophet, sein Leben und seine Lehre</a></i> (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler'schen Buchhandlung, 1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Washington Irving</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mahomet_and_His_Successors" title="Mahomet and His Successors">Mahomet and His Successors</a></i> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloys_Sprenger" title="Aloys Sprenger">Aloys Sprenger</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifemohammadfro00aloygoog">The Life of Mohammad, from Original Sources</a></i> (Allahabad: The Presbyterian Mission Press, 1851).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Muir" title="William Muir">William Muir</a>, <i>The Life of Muhammad and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira</i> (London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1858-1861), 4 vols. – several later editions with slightly different titles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloys_Sprenger" title="Aloys Sprenger">Aloys Sprenger</a>, <i>Das Leben und die Lehre des Mohammad: Nach bisher größtentheils unbenutzten Quellen</i> (Berlin: Nicolai'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1861-1865), 3 vols – a revised 2nd edition was published in 1869.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_N%C3%B6ldeke" title="Theodor Nöldeke">Theodor Nöldeke</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/daslebenmuhammed00nluoft">Das Leben Muhammed's: Nach den Quellen populär dargestellt</a></i> (Hannover: Carl Rümpler, 1863).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_biographies_(1900_CE_–_present)"><span id="Modern_biographies_.281900_CE_.E2.80.93_present.29"></span>Modern biographies (1900 CE – present)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Modern biographies (1900 CE – present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Modern_biographies_(1900 AD_–_Present)"></span> <span class="anchor" id="Modern_biographies_(1900_AD_–_Present)"></span> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Sulaiman_Salman_Mansoorpuri" title="Muhammad Sulaiman Salman Mansoorpuri">Muhammad Sulaiman Mansoorpuri</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pUwezQEACAAJ">Rahmatul-lil-Alameen</a></i> (Mercy for Mankind) in Urdu, First published in 1911, 3 volumes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashraf_Ali_Thanwi" title="Ashraf Ali Thanwi">Ashraf Ali Thanwi</a> (1912), <i><a href="/wiki/Nashr_al-Tib_fi_Zikr_al-Nabi_al-Habib" title="Nashr al-Tib fi Zikr al-Nabi al-Habib">Nashr al-Tib fi Zikr al-Nabi al-Habib</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafi_Usmani" class="mw-redirect" title="Shafi Usmani">Shafi Usmani</a> (1925), <i><a href="/wiki/Seerat_Khatam_al-Anbiya" title="Seerat Khatam al-Anbiya">Seerat Khatam al-Anbiya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Hussein_Heikal" title="Mohammed Hussein Heikal">Muhammad Husayn Haykal</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC">The Life of Muhammad</a></i> in Arabic, 1933; with English translation by <a href="/wiki/Ismail_al-Faruqi" title="Ismail al-Faruqi">Isma'il Raji A. al-Faruqi</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrae,_Tor1933" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tor_Andrae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Andrae">Andrae, Tor</a> (1933). <i>Mohammed: The Man and His Faith</i>. Dover. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-41136-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-41136-2"><bdi>0-486-41136-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mohammed%3A+The+Man+and+His+Faith&rft.pub=Dover&rft.date=1933&rft.isbn=0-486-41136-2&rft.au=Andrae%2C+Tor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Montgomery_Watt" title="W. Montgomery Watt">William Montgomery Watt</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_at_Mecca" title="Muhammad at Mecca">Muhammad at Mecca</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_at_Medina_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad at Medina (book)">Muhammad at Medina</a></i> (1953 and 1956, Oxford University Press).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Guillaume" title="Alfred Guillaume">Alfred Guillaume</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume,">Ibn Ishaq: The life of Muhammad, a translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah, with introduction and notes</a>, Oxford University Press, 1955, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B19%2B636033%2B1" title="Special:BookSources/0+19+636033+1">0 19 636033 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Gaudefroy-Demombynes" title="Maurice Gaudefroy-Demombynes">Maurice Gaudefroy-Demombynes</a>, <i>Mahomet</i> (Paris: Éditions Albin Michel, 1957).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Rodinson" title="Maxime Rodinson">Maxime Rodinson</a>, <i>Mahomet</i> (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1960) – also translated into English (1961).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_A%27la_Maududi" title="Abul A'la Maududi">Syed Abul Ala Maududi</a> wrote <i> Seerat-e-Sarwar-e-Alam</i> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullah" title="Muhammad Hamidullah">Muhammad Hamidullah</a> wrote four books on Sira, <i>Muhammad Rasulullah: A concise survey of the life and work of the founder of Islam</i> (1979); <i>The Prophet of Islam: Prophet of Migration</i> (1989); <i>The Prophet's establishing a state and his succession</i> (1988); <i>Battlefields of the Prophet Muhammad</i> (1992).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Karam_Shah_al-Azhari" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari">Pir Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari</a> wrote <a href="/wiki/Zia_un_Nabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Zia un Nabi">Zia un Nabi</a> in to Urdu, It was translated by Muhammad Qayyum Awan into English as Life of Prophet Muhammad, is a detailed biography of Muhammad published in 1993.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lings" title="Martin Lings">Martin Lings</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad:_His_Life_Based_on_the_Earliest_Sources" title="Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources">Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources</a></i> (London: Islamic Texts Society, 1983), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-04-297042-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-04-297042-4">978-0-04-297042-4</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Basheer-ud-Din_Mahmood_Ahmad" title="Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad">Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmood Ahmad</a>, <i>Life of Muhammad</i> (Islam International Publications Limited, 1988).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Armstrong" title="Karen Armstrong">Karen Armstrong</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad:_A_Biography_of_the_Prophet" title="Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet">Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet</a></i> (London: Victor Gollancz Ltd, 1991), and <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad:_A_Prophet_for_Our_Time" title="Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time">Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time</a></i> (New York: Harper Collins, 2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Hossein_Nasr" title="Seyyed Hossein Nasr">Seyyed Hossein Nasr</a>, <i>Muhammad, Man of God</i> (KAZI Publications, 1995) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56744-501-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56744-501-5">978-1-56744-501-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safiur_Rahman_Mubarakpuri" title="Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri">Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri</a> wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Ar-Raheeq_Al-Makhtum" title="Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum">Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum</a></i> [<i>The Sealed Nectar]</i> (Riyadh: Darussalam Publishers, First published 1996); Translated into English, French, Indonesian, and Malayalam (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC">Online link</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Asadullah_Al-Ghalib" title="Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib">Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib</a>, <i>Seeratur Rasool (SM)</i> [The life of the Prophet Muhammad (SM)] in Bangla <i>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hadeethfoundationbd.com/read-online/seeratur_rasool">Online link</a>)</i>, First published in 2015 by Hadeeth Foundation Bangladesh. He has written prophetic biography on twenty-six Prophets and Messengers including the last Prophet Muhammad (SM) in three series books.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Sallabi" title="Ali al-Sallabi">Ali al-Sallabi</a>, <i>The Noble Life of the Prophet</i> (Riyadh: Darussalam Publishers, 2005), 3 vols.</li> <li>Allama Syed Saadat Ali Qadri, <i>Jaan-e-Aalam – Soul of the worlds</i> (2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adil_Salahi" title="Adil Salahi">Adil Salahi</a>, <i>Muhammad: man and prophet, a complete study of the life of the Prophet of Islam</i> (Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 2012).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesley_Hazleton" title="Lesley Hazleton">Lesley Hazleton</a>, <i>The First Muslim: The Story of Muhammad</i> (New York: Riverhead Books, 2013).</li> <li>Safvet Halilović, <i>Životopis posljednjeg Allahovog poslanika</i> (<i>Biography of Allah's last messenger</i>) (Sarajevo: El Kalem, 2019)</li> <li>Sayeed Abubakar, <i>Nabinama</i>, an epic on Muhammad [Sarolrekha Prokashona Songstha, Dhaka-1219, First Published-2021] <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.rokomari.com/book/213367/nabinama">https://www.rokomari.com/book/213367/nabinama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Hayward" title="Joel Hayward">Joel Hayward</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Leadership_of_Muhammad" title="The Leadership of Muhammad">The Leadership of Muhammad</a></i> (Swansea: Claritas Books, 2021) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-180011-989-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-180011-989-5">978-180011-989-5</a>.</li> <li>Mohamad Jebara, <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_the_World-Changer:_An_Intimate_Portrait" title="Muhammad the World-Changer: An Intimate Portrait">Muhammad the World-Changer: An Intimate Portrait</a></i> (New York: <a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a>, 2021) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1250239648" title="Special:BookSources/978-1250239648">978-1250239648</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Hayward" title="Joel Hayward">Joel Hayward</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Warrior_Prophet:_Muhammad_and_War" title="The Warrior Prophet: Muhammad and War">The Warrior Prophet: Muhammad and War</a></i> (Swansea: Claritas Books, 2022) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8001198-0-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-8001198-0-2">978-1-8001198-0-2</a>.</li> <li>Dr. Sarfaraz Hussain Shah wrote 'The Messenger of Mercy: A Call in Makkah.' (The Middle Community, 2022) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-3636-3311-9" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-3636-3311-9">979-8-3636-3311-9</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographies_missing_date_of_publication">Biographies missing date of publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Biographies missing date of publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Alawi_al-Maliki" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki">Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki</a> wrote Muhammad Rasulallah.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Tahir-ul-Qadri" title="Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri">Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri</a> wrote Sirah al-Rasul (14 volumes, in Urdu).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asad_Muhammad_Saeed_as-Sagharji" title="Asad Muhammad Saeed as-Sagharji">As'ad Muhammad Sa`id al-Sagharji</a> wrote Muhammad Rasulallah.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_an-Nabhani" class="mw-redirect" title="Yusuf an-Nabhani">Yusuf al-Nabhani</a> wrote Fada'il al-Muhammadiyya, al-Anwar al-Muhammadiyya and Shawahid al-Haqq.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibli_Nomani" title="Shibli Nomani">Shibli Nomani</a> wrote his famous 5 volume book <i><a href="/wiki/Sirat-un-Nabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirat-un-Nabi">Sirat-un-Nabi</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> with the help of his disciple <a href="/wiki/Syed_Sulaiman_Nadvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Syed Sulaiman Nadvi">Syed Sulaiman Nadvi</a>. The book was translated in English by M. Tayyib Bakhsh Budayuni: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7151-282-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7151-282-9">978-81-7151-282-9</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_Nadvi" title="Sulaiman Nadvi">Syed Sulaiman Nadvi</a> wrote <i>Muhammad The Ideal Prophet</i> and <i>Muhammad The Prophet Of Peace</i> translated by Rauf Luther.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsuddin_Azeemi" title="Shamsuddin Azeemi">Khwaja Shamsuddin Azeemi</a>, wrote <i>Muhammad-ur-Rasoolullah</i> in 4 volumes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Hasan_Ali_Hasani_Nadwi" title="Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi">Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi</a> wrote <i>Muhammad Rasulullah</i> .</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naeem_Siddiqui" title="Naeem Siddiqui">Naeem Siddiqui</a> wrote <i>Muhammad The Benefactor Of Humanity</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Deedat" title="Ahmed Deedat">Ahmed Deedat</a> wrote <i>Muhammad the Greatest</i> and <i>Muhammad the Natural Successor to Christ</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Badawi" title="Jamal Badawi">Jamal Badawi</a> wrote <i>Muhammad A Blessing For Mankind</i>, a Short Biography and Commentary.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Masud" title="Khalid Masud">Khalid Masud</a> wrote <i>Hayat e Rasul e Ummi</i> in Urdu (translated as: <i>The Unlettered Prophet</i> by Saadia Malik).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahiduddin_Khan" title="Wahiduddin Khan">Wahiduddin Khan</a> wrote <i>Prophet of Revolution</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Shahabuddin_Salfi_Firdausi" title="Syed Shahabuddin Salfi Firdausi">Syed Shahabuddin Salfi Firdausi</a> wrote <i>Seerat e Badr-ud-Duja</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ibrahim_Mir_Sialkoti" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti">Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti</a> wrote Seerah Al-Mustafa<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_biographies_of_Muhammad" title="Latin biographies of Muhammad">Latin biographies of Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muslim_historians" title="List of Muslim historians">List of Muslim historians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hadith_collections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of hadith collections">List of hadith collections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts" title="List of Islamic texts">List of Islamic texts</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParekh2024" class="citation web cs1">Parekh, Rauf (14 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241108084609/https://www.dawn.com/news/1865129/literary-notes-new-bibliography-lists-10000-urdu-books-on-seerat">"Literary notes: New bibliography lists 10,000 Urdu books on seerat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_News" title="Dawn News">Dawn News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1865129/literary-notes-new-bibliography-lists-10000-urdu-books-on-seerat">the original</a> on 8 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn+News&rft.atitle=Literary+notes%3A+New+bibliography+lists+10%2C000+Urdu+books+on+seerat&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft.aulast=Parekh&rft.aufirst=Rauf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1865129%2Fliterary-notes-new-bibliography-lists-10000-urdu-books-on-seerat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmad-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._R._Ahmad1992" class="citation book cs1">M. R. Ahmad (1992). <i>Al-sīra al-nabawiyya fī ḍawʾ al-maṣādir al-aṣliyya: dirāsa taḥlīliyya</i> (1st ed.). Riyadh: King Saud University. pp. 20–34.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Al-s%C4%ABra+al-nabawiyya+f%C4%AB+%E1%B8%8Daw%CA%BE+al-ma%E1%B9%A3%C4%81dir+al-a%E1%B9%A3liyya%3A+dir%C4%81sa+ta%E1%B8%A5l%C4%ABliyya&rft.place=Riyadh&rft.pages=20-34&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=King+Saud+University&rft.date=1992&rft.au=M.+R.+Ahmad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EQ-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EQ_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EQ_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EQ_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EQ_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EQ_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaven2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Raven, Wim (2006). "Sīra and the Qurʾān". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān">Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān</a></i>. Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 29–49.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=S%C4%ABra+and+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n&rft.pages=29-49&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Raven&rft.aufirst=Wim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AL-Azraqi, <i>Akhbar Makka</i>, ed. Ferdinand Wustenfelf (Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, 1858) 65, 1. 16: <i>thumma raja'a ila hadith Ibn Jurayj wa-ibn Ishaq</i>; quoted in book review by Conrad, Lawrence I. of "Making of the Last Prophet: A Reconstruction of the Earliest Biography of Muhammad by Gordon Darnell Newby", in <i>Journal of the American Oriental Society</i>, 113, n.2 258-263</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Published from Lebanon, Beirut: Mu'assasa al-Risāla, 1987.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal1985" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Rosenthal" title="Franz Rosenthal">Rosenthal, Franz</a>, ed. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k241retEBE0C"><i>The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVIII: The Return of the Caliphate to Baghdad: The Caliphates of al-Muʿtaḍid, al-Muktafī and al-Muqtadir, A.D. 892–915/A.H. 279–302</i></a>. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. xiv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-876-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87395-876-9"><bdi>978-0-87395-876-9</bdi></a>. <q>According to al-Farghani [b. 282(895-6), d. 362(972-3], Tabari's work ended with the year 302. It was finished on Wednesday, Rabi II 26, 303 (Wednesday, November 8, 915).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+al-%E1%B9%ACabar%C4%AB%2C+Volume+XXXVIII%3A+The+Return+of+the+Caliphate+to+Baghdad%3A+The+Caliphates+of+al-Mu%CA%BFta%E1%B8%8Did%2C+al-Muktaf%C4%AB+and+al-Muqtadir%2C+A.D.+892%E2%80%93915%2FA.H.+279%E2%80%93302&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.series=SUNY+Series+in+Near+Eastern+Studies.&rft.pages=xiv&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-876-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk241retEBE0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encyproph-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-encyproph_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encyproph_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encyproph_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encyproph_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encyproph_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzpatrickWalker2014" class="citation book cs1">Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014-04-25). <i>Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]</i>. ABC-CLIO. p. 578,580. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-178-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-178-9"><bdi>978-1-61069-178-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+in+History%2C+Thought%2C+and+Culture%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Prophet+of+God+%5B2+volumes%5D&rft.pages=578%2C580&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2014-04-25&rft.isbn=978-1-61069-178-9&rft.aulast=Fitzpatrick&rft.aufirst=Coeli&rft.au=Walker%2C+Adam+Hani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monthly-renaissance.com/issue/content.aspx?id=226">Preamble to the book</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E7avxwEACAAJ"><i>40 Ahl-e Hadith Scholars from the Indian Subcontinent</i></a>. Independently Published. 2019-07-18. pp. 224 تا 250. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-0810-0895-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-0810-0895-6"><bdi>978-1-0810-0895-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=40+Ahl-e+Hadith+Scholars+from+the+Indian+Subcontinent&rft.pages=224+%D8%AA%D8%A7+250&rft.pub=Independently+Published&rft.date=2019-07-18&rft.isbn=978-1-0810-0895-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE7avxwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://umm-ul-qura.org/2018/01/23/bio-of-allamah-muhammad-ibrahim-mir-sialkoti/">"Allamah Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Allamah+Muhammad+Ibrahim+Mir+Sialkoti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fumm-ul-qura.org%2F2018%2F01%2F23%2Fbio-of-allamah-muhammad-ibrahim-mir-sialkoti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+biographies+of+Muhammad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&oldid=1260714986">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad&oldid=1260714986</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Biographies_of_Muhammad" title="Category:Biographies of Muhammad">Biographies of Muhammad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islam-related_lists" title="Category:Islam-related lists">Islam-related lists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_June_2011" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from June 2011">Articles needing additional references from June 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 December 2024, at 05:53<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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