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Disponible en 18 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جوزيف أشيل لو بيل - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوزيف أشيل لو بيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="چوزيف اخيل لو بيل - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چوزيف اخيل لو بيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Le Bel - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Joseph Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Le Bel - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Joseph Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%27%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A3_%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%9C" title="ז'וזף לה בל - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ז'וזף לה בל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Le Bel - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joseph Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Le_Bell" title="Joseph Le Bell - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Joseph Le Bell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%90%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ле Бель, Жозеф Ашиль - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ле Бель, Жозеф Ашиль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Le Bel - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Joseph Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%90%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9B%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Жозеф Ашіль Ле Бель - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жозеф Ашіль Ле Бель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Joseph Achille Le Bel - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Joseph Achille Le Bel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q519172#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" 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.infobox_titleclass{color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle_pharaon{color:#202122;background-color:#f1f1de}.mw-parser-output .infobox_aboveclass{color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerclass{color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2;border-bottom:2px solid #ccccff;border-top:2px solid #ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderclass{color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle1{width:100%;color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2;text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox_belowstyle{border-top:#aaa 1px solid;color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label{color:#202122;background-color:#eeeeee;padding-right:1.2em;text-align:start}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-data .infobox-label{color:inherit;background-color:inherit}}@media screen and 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class="mw-file-description" title="Plantilla:Infotaula persona"><img alt="Plantilla:Infotaula persona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/20px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/30px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/40px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="485" /></a></span></span><span class="fn">Joseph Achille Le Bel</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="159" data-file-height="204" /></a></span><br /> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P18" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Biografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Naixement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">21 gener 1847 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P569" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Merkwiller-Pechelbronn" title="Merkwiller-Pechelbronn">Merkwiller-Pechelbronn (França)</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P19" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Mort</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">6 agost 1930 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P570" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> (83 anys)<br /><a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P20" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Sepultura</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2482942" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2482942">Cementiri de Bagneux</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P119" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_center_BG"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q140686" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q140686">President</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3488615" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3488615">French Prehistoric Society</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3488615?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> 1922 – 1923 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P39" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Dades personals</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Formació</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_polytechnique" title="École polytechnique">École Polytechnique</a> <small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P69" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Activitat</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Camp de treball</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química">Química</a> i <a href="/wiki/%C3%92ptica" title="Òptica">òptica</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P101" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Lloc de treball </span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P937" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ocupació</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">Químic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Membre de</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14906020" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14906020">Membre estranger de la Royal Society</a>) <small>(1911–)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Francesa_de_les_Ci%C3%A8ncies" title="Acadèmia Francesa de les Ciències">Acadèmia Francesa de les Ciències</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3488615" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3488615">French Prehistoric Society</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3488615?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P463" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Premis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><ul><li><small>(9 novembre 1911)</small>  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14906020" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14906020">Membre estranger de la Royal Society</a></li><li><small>(1893)</small>  <a href="/wiki/Medalla_Davy" title="Medalla Davy">Medalla Davy</a></li><li><small>(1881)</small>  <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3404878" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3404878">Premi Jecker</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519172?uselang=ca#P166" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joseph Achille Le Bel</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pechelbronn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pechelbronn (encara no existeix)">Pechelbronn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Als%C3%A0cia" title="Alsàcia">Alsàcia</a>, <a href="/wiki/21_de_gener" title="21 de gener">21 de gener</a> de <a href="/wiki/1847" title="1847">1847</a> - <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_d%27agost" title="6 d'agost">6 d'agost</a> de <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>) va ser un <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_org%C3%A0nica" title="Química orgànica">químic orgànic</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">francès</a>, considerat un dels precursors de la moderna <a href="/wiki/Estereoqu%C3%ADmica" title="Estereoquímica">estereoquímica</a> juntament amb <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Biografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le Bel va néixer en el si d'una família rica que controlava la <a href="/wiki/Ind%C3%BAstria_del_petroli" title="Indústria del petroli">indústria del petroli</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pechelbronn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pechelbronn (encara no existeix)">Pechelbronn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Als%C3%A0cia" title="Alsàcia">Alsàcia</a>. El <a href="/wiki/1865" title="1865">1865</a> va ser enviat a l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Escola_Polit%C3%A8cnica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escola Politècnica (encara no existeix)">Escola Politècnica</a> de <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a> on hi estudià fins al 1867, i després de graduar-se fou assistent d'<a href="/wiki/Antoine_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Balard" title="Antoine Jérôme Balard">Antoine Balard</a>, el descobridor de <a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">brom</a>, en el <i><a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_de_France" title="Collège de France">Collège de France</a></i>, i de <a href="/wiki/Charles_Adolphe_W%C3%BCrtz" title="Charles Adolphe Würtz">Charles Adolphe Würtz</a>, a l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Escola_de_Medicina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escola de Medicina (encara no existeix)">Escola de Medicina</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a>, temps de construcció d'una refineria per part de la seva família. Per algun temps es fa fer càrrec del funcionament de petroli a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pechelbronn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pechelbronn (encara no existeix)">Pechelbronn</a>, en la qual el seu oncle estava interessat, però el <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a>, va vendre les seves accions en l'empresa familiar i ha va establir un laboratori privat a <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a>, on es va dedicar a la <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_org%C3%A0nica" title="Química orgànica">química orgànica</a>. </p><p>Le Bel va ser president de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Societat_de_qu%C3%ADmica_francesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Societat de química francesa (encara no existeix)">Societat de química francesa</a> el 1892; va rebre la distinció de comandant de la <a href="/wiki/Legi%C3%B3_d%27Honor" title="Legió d'Honor">Legió d'Honor</a>. Le Bel i <a href="/wiki/Van%27t_Hoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Van't Hoff">Van't Hoff</a>, van guanyar el <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a> la <a href="/wiki/Medalla_Davy" title="Medalla Davy">Medalla Davy</a>, amb la qual es va reconèixer la seva tasca en la teoria del <a href="/wiki/Carboni_asim%C3%A8tric" title="Carboni asimètric">carboni asimètric</a>. Va ser elegit un dels companys d'honoraris la Societat Química el 1908. L'any 1911 es va convertir en membre estranger de la <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>. L'any <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>, va ser elegit membre de l'<a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Francesa_de_les_Ci%C3%A8ncies" title="Acadèmia Francesa de les Ciències">Acadèmia Francesa de les Ciències</a>. Va ser un <a href="/wiki/Individualisme" title="Individualisme">individualista</a> i es va relacionar poc amb altres científics; va ser intolerant amb la burocràcia en qualsevol dels seus aspectes.<sup id="cite_ref-obituari_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obituari-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treballs">Treballs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Treballs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Chirality_with_hands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/220px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/330px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/440px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="519" /></a><figcaption>Enantiòmers d'un aminoàcid</figcaption></figure> <p>El seu treball més important va ser l'explicació el <a href="/wiki/1874" title="1874">1874</a> el concepte de l'<a href="/wiki/Activitat_%C3%B2ptica" title="Activitat òptica">activitat òptica</a> d'un complex relacionant aquesta propietat amb la seva geometria. <a href="/wiki/Francesc_Arag%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesc Aragó">Francesc Aragó</a> va observar el <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a> que el pla de <a href="/wiki/Polaritzaci%C3%B3_%C3%B2ptica" class="mw-redirect" title="Polarització òptica">polarització</a> d'un feix de <a href="/wiki/Llum_polaritzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Llum polaritzada">llum polaritzada</a> es desvia pel pas a través d'una placa de <a href="/wiki/Quars" title="Quars">quars</a> de tall perpendicular a l'eix òptic; <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Biot" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste Biot">Jean Baptiste Biot</a> el <a href="/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a> va trobar que alguns líquids orgànics, com ara la <a href="/wiki/Trementina" title="Trementina">trementina</a>, també són òpticament actius en el mateix sentit. A finals del <a href="/wiki/1840" title="1840">1840</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Pasteur" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a> va separar dos tipus de <a href="/wiki/Cristalls" class="mw-redirect" title="Cristalls">cristalls</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tartrat" title="Tartrat">tartrat</a> de la mateixa composició, cada un <a href="/wiki/Imatge_especular" title="Imatge especular">imatge especular</a> de l'altre. Aquests cristalls en la solució no només poden girar el pla de <a href="/wiki/Llum_polaritzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Llum polaritzada">llum polaritzada</a> un cert angle (<a href="/wiki/Activitat_%C3%B2ptica" title="Activitat òptica">activitat òptica</a>), sinó que la rotació també es produeix en direccions oposades. Pasteur va anomenar a aquestes substàncies <a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B2mer_%C3%B2ptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Isòmer òptic">isòmers òptics</a>. Le Bel va cercar una regla general per preveure si una substància en dissolució tendrà o no capacitat per rotar la <a href="/wiki/Llum_polaritzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Llum polaritzada">llum polaritzada</a>, i es va inclinar per la <a href="/wiki/Geometria" title="Geometria">geometria</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A8cula" title="Molècula">molècula</a>. Considera una molècula MA₄ on M és un radical simple o complex, no necessàriament <a href="/wiki/Carboni" title="Carboni">carboni</a>, combinat amb quatre <a href="/wiki/%C3%80toms" class="mw-redirect" title="Àtoms">àtoms</a> A substituïbles. Va preveure quantes molècules disimètriques s'haurien d'obtenir per les molècules derivades mitjançant tres, dos, i un substituts. Igual que pel cas del <a href="/wiki/Carboni" title="Carboni">carboni</a> només s'obté un únic <a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B2mer_%C3%B2ptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Isòmer òptic">isòmer òptic</a> amb dos o tres substituts, i Le Bel va concloure que els quatre àtoms A ocupen els vèrtexs d'un <a href="/wiki/Tetraedre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraedre">tetraedre</a> regular.<sup id="cite_ref-besaunde_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-besaunde-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La mateixa teoria fou publicada de forma independent en el mateix any pel químic holandès <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Van%27t_Hoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobus Van't Hoff">Jacobus Van't Hoff</a> que també havia treballat amb <a href="/wiki/Charles_Adolphe_W%C3%BCrtz" title="Charles Adolphe Würtz">Charles Adolphe Würtz</a>. </p><p>Le Bel no va publicar la major part del seu treball experimental per falta de col·laboradors. El seu treball també es va estendre a altres branques de la <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Ciència">ciència</a> diferents de la <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_org%C3%A0nica" title="Química orgànica">química orgànica</a>, com <a href="/wiki/Petroqu%C3%ADmica" title="Petroquímica">petroquímica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biologia" title="Biologia">biologia</a> i <a href="/wiki/Cosmologia" title="Cosmologia">cosmologia</a>, i publicà el llibre <i>Cosmologie rationnelle</i> centrat en l'evolució del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar">sistema solar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obres">Obres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Obres"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/LeBel-1874.html"><i>Sur les relations qui existent entre les formules atomiques des corps organiques et le pouvoir rotatoire de leurs dissolutions</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016212855/http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/LeBel-1874.html">Arxivat</a> 2007-10-16 a <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>Bulletin de la Société Chimique de Paris</i>, novembre 1874.</li> <li><i>Cosmologie rationnelle</i>, 1929</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-obituari-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-obituari_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">POPE, W.J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsc.org/delivery/_ArticleLinking/DisplayArticleForFree.cfm?doi=JR9300002789&JournalCode=JR">Obituary notice: Joseph Achille Le Bel</a>, 1847–1930. <i>J. Chem. Soc.</i>, 1930, 2789-2791. ></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-besaunde-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-besaunde_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">BESAUNDE-TERRY, B. i STENGERS, I. Historia de la Química. Addison-Wesley/UAM. Madrid, 1997.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Achille_Le_Bel&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>George Mann Richardson, Louis Pasteur, Jacobus van 't Hoff, Joseph Achille Le Bel, Johannes Wislicenus, <i>The Foundations of Stereo Chemistry. Memoirs by Pasteur, van't Hoff, Lebel and Wislicenus</i>, New York, American Book Co. 1901. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2753817">2753817</a></li> <li>J. Maury, Joseph Achille Le Bel, Arthur Edmunds, <i>Laugerie Basse : The Excavations of M. J.-A. Le Bel</i>, Le Mans, Monnoyer, 1925. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1742132">1742132</a></li> <li><i>Vie et œuvres de Joseph-Achille Le Bel,</i> Impr. P. Dupont, 1949. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1133741">1133741</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2010-001933">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CANTIC" class="mw-redirect" title="CANTIC">CANTIC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058517449006706">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb105707817">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/120670496">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2010001933">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF">VIAF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/45138118">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI">ISNI</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000081240890">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC">SUDOC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/111710588">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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