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Ishak</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Anuar Ishak"> <meta name="keywords" content="Anuar Ishak"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Anuar Ishak" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Anuar Ishak"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 75</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Anuar Ishak</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Effects of Viscous Dissipation on Free Convection Boundary Layer Flow towards a Horizontal Circular Cylinder </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khairul%20Anuar%20Mohamed">Muhammad Khairul Anuar Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zuki%20Salleh"> Mohd Zuki Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuar%20Ishak"> Anuar Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Aida%20Zuraimi%20Md%20Noar"> Nor Aida Zuraimi Md Noar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the numerical investigation of viscous dissipation on convective boundary layer flow towards a horizontal circular cylinder with constant wall temperature is considered. The transformed partial differential equations are solved numerically by using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. Numerical solutions are obtained for the reduced Nusselt number and the skin friction coefficient as well as the velocity and temperature profiles. The features of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for various values of the Prandtl number and Eckert number are analyzed and discussed. The results in this paper is original and important for the researchers working in the area of boundary layer flow and this can be used as reference and also as complement comparison purpose in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20convection" title="free convection">free convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20circular%20cylinder" title=" horizontal circular cylinder"> horizontal circular cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20dissipation" title=" viscous dissipation"> viscous dissipation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20boundary%20layer%20flow" title=" convective boundary layer flow"> convective boundary layer flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21742/effects-of-viscous-dissipation-on-free-convection-boundary-layer-flow-towards-a-horizontal-circular-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Flow and Heat Transfer over a Shrinking Sheet: A Stability Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuar%20Ishak">Anuar Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer over a permeable shrinking sheet is studied. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically using MATLAB routine boundary value problem solver bvp4c. Numerical results show that dual solutions are possible for a certain range of the suction parameter. A stability analysis is performed to determine which solution is linearly stable and physically realizable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20solutions" title="dual solutions">dual solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinking%20sheet" title=" shrinking sheet"> shrinking sheet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20analysis" title=" stability analysis"> stability analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5803/flow-and-heat-transfer-over-a-shrinking-sheet-a-stability-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Dual Solutions in Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow: A Stability Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuar%20Ishak">Anuar Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mixed convection stagnation point flow toward a vertical plate is investigated. The external flow impinges normal to the heated plate and the surface temperature is assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically using MATLAB routine boundary value problem solver bvp4c. Numerical results show that dual solutions are possible for a certain range of the mixed convection parameter. A stability analysis is performed to determine which solution is linearly stable and physically realizable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20solutions" title="dual solutions">dual solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20convection" title=" mixed convection"> mixed convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20analysis" title=" stability analysis"> stability analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7618/dual-solutions-in-mixed-convection-boundary-layer-flow-a-stability-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Stagnation-Point Flow towards a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in a Nanofluid: A Stability Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuar%20Ishak">Anuar Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The characteristics of stagnation point flow of a nanofluid towards a stretching/shrinking sheet are investigated. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically using MATLAB routine boundary value problem solver bvp4c. The numerical results show that dual (upper and lower branch) solutions exist for the shrinking case, while for the stretching case, the solution is unique. A stability analysis is performed to determine the stability of the dual solutions. It is found that the skin friction decreases when the sheet is stretched, but increases when the suction effect is increased. It is also found that increasing the thermophoresis parameter reduces the heat transfer rate at the surface, while increasing the Brownian motion parameter increases the mass transfer rate at the surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20solutions" title="dual solutions">dual solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20analysis" title=" stability analysis"> stability analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17929/stagnation-point-flow-towards-a-stretchingshrinking-sheet-in-a-nanofluid-a-stability-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Ultrasonic Assisted Growth of ZnO Nanorods at Low Temperature </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairul%20Anuar">Khairul Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Yee%20Lee"> Wai Yee Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20C.%20S.%20Bien"> Daniel C. S. Bien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hing%20Wah%20Lee"> Hing Wah Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Azid"> Ishak Azid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the effect of ultrasonic treatment on ZnO nutrient solution prior to the growth of ZnO nanorods, where the seed layer is annealed at 50 and 100°C. The results show that the ZnO nanorods are successfully grown on the sample annealed at 50°C in the sonicated ZnO nutrient solution with a length and a diameter of approximately 8.025 µm and 92 nm, respectively. However, no ZnO nanorods structures are observed for the sample annealed at 50°C and grown in unsonicated ZnO nutrient solution. Meanwhile, the ZnO nanorods for the sample annealed at 100°C are successfully grown in both sonicated and unsonicated ZnO nutrient solutions. The length and diameter of the nanorods for the sample grown in the sonicated solution are 8.681 µm and 1.033 nm, whereas those for the sample grown in the unsonicated solution are 7.613 µm and 1.040 nm. This result shows that with ultrasonic treatment, the length of the ZnO nanorods increases by 14%, whereas their diameter is reduced by 0.7%, resulting in an increase of aspect ratio from 7:1 to 8:1. Electroconductivity and pH sensors are used to measure the conductivity and acidity level of the sonicated and unsonicated solutions, respectively. The result shows that the conductivity increases from 87 mS/cm to 10.4 mS/cm, whereas the solution pH decreases from 6.52 to 6.13 for the sonicated and unsonicated solutions, respectively. The increase in solution conductivity and acidity level elucidates the higher amount of zinc nutrient in the sonicated solution than in the unsonicated solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20treatment" title="ultrasonic treatment">ultrasonic treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20annealing%20temperature" title=" low annealing temperature"> low annealing temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO%20nanostructure" title=" ZnO nanostructure"> ZnO nanostructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanorods" title=" nanorods"> nanorods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10106/ultrasonic-assisted-growth-of-zno-nanorods-at-low-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Ergonomics: Solutions for the Prevention of Injuries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Ammar%20Bin%20Mohd%20Asri">Muhamad Ammar Bin Mohd Asri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hamizan%20Bin%20Yusof"> Muhammad Hamizan Bin Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haziq%20Bin%20Abdul%20Khalil"> Muhammad Haziq Bin Abdul Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esman%20Hanief%20Bin%20Khairul%20Anuar"> Esman Hanief Bin Khairul Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Fikri%20Bin%20Ishak"> Muhammad Fikri Bin Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amril%20Azim%20Bin%20Mohd%20Norrahim"> Amril Azim Bin Mohd Norrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Danial%20Fakhri%20Bin%20Fakhruddin"> Muhammad Danial Fakhri Bin Fakhruddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khairul%20Nizam%20in%20Hosnodin"> Muhammad Khairul Nizam in Hosnodin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ezzat%20Hariz%20Bin%20Norhisam"> Muhammad Ezzat Hariz Bin Norhisam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ergonomics is the science of creating and arranging workplaces, products, and systems to increase human performance, comfort, and safety. This study researched ergonomics as a solution for preventing workplace injuries, specifically musculoskeletal disorders, among employers and employees. The method will be used in this project is a literature review which means conducting a study about ergonomics with peer-reviewed journal articles and books. It focuses on employees and employers who are in one company on other departments under the protection of Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA). These solutions include ergonomic assessments, workplace design improvements, effective training and education, and the use of ergonomic tools and equipment. Employers can build workplaces that are safer and more productive by putting these solutions in place, and employees can work comfortably and prevent accidents from bad ergonomics. Overall, the paper highlights how crucial it is to take injury prevention measures and consider ergonomics at work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20safety%20and%20health" title="occupational safety and health">occupational safety and health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20disorders" title=" musculoskeletal disorders"> musculoskeletal disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomic" title=" ergonomic"> ergonomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomic%20risk" title=" ergonomic risk"> ergonomic risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166691/ergonomics-solutions-for-the-prevention-of-injuries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Assessment of Radiological Dose for Th-232 Laboratory Accumulated in Tropical Freshwater Fish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zal%20U%E2%80%99yun%20Wan%20Mahmood">Zal U’yun Wan Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norfaizal%20Mohamed"> Norfaizal Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nita%20Salina%20Abu%20Bakar"> Nita Salina Abu Bakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yii%20Mei%20Wo"> Yii Mei Wo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Kadir%20Ishak"> Abdul Kadir Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Noh%20Sawon"> Mohamad Noh Sawon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Tarmizi%20Ishak"> Mohd Tarmizi Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairul%20Nizam%20Razali"> Khairul Nizam Razali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of thorium radiotracer bioaccumulation in the whole body tropical freshwater fish (Anabas testudeneus; climb pearch) was performed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different Th-232 activity concentration andradiological dose in Anabas testudeneus under the laboratory bioaccumulation condition. Anabas testudeneus adults were exposed to different waterborne Th-232 levels: 0 BqL-1 (control), 50 BqL-1, 100 BqL-1,150 BqL-1and 200 BqL-1for 30 days. Radionuclide concentration ratios between the whole body levels and water levels were calculated and; total dose rates and risk quotients using ERICA Assessment Tool were also estimated. The results showed the increase of waterborne Th-232 concentration corresponded to a progressive decrease of Th concentration ratio. Meanwhile, the total dose rate (internal and external) in the whole body of Anabas testudeneus less than the ERICA dose rate screening value of 10 µGyh-1 and the risk quotient less than one. Thus, the findings can be concluded that the radiological dose of Th-232 to Anabas testudeneus is a very low probability and the situation may be considered to be of negligible radiological concern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anabas%20testudeneus" title="Anabas testudeneus">Anabas testudeneus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation" title=" bioaccumulation"> bioaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiological%20dose" title=" radiological dose"> radiological dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Th-232" title=" Th-232"> Th-232</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27965/assessment-of-radiological-dose-for-th-232-laboratory-accumulated-in-tropical-freshwater-fish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> The Effect of PETTLEP Imagery on Equestrian Jumping Tasks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurwina%20Anuar">Nurwina Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswad%20Anuar"> Aswad Anuar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Imagery is a popular mental technique used by athletes and coaches to improve learning and performance. It has been widely investigated and beneficial in the sports context. However, the imagery application in equestrian sport has been understudied. Thus, the effectiveness of imagery should encompass the application in the equestrian sport to ensure its application covert all sports. Unlike most sports (e.g., football, badminton, tennis, ski) which are both mental and physical are dependent solely upon human decision and response, equestrian sports involves the interaction of human-horse collaboration to success in the equestrian tasks. This study aims to investigate the effect of PETTLEP imagery on equestrian jumping tasks, motivation and imagery ability. It was hypothesized that the use of PETTLEP imagery intervention will significantly increase in the skill equestrian jumping tasks. It was also hypothesized that riders’ imagery ability and motivation will increase across phases. The participants were skilled riders with less to no imagery experience. A single-subject ABA design was employed. The study was occurred over five week’s period at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Equestrian Park. Imagery ability was measured using the Sport Imagery Assessment Questionnaires (SIAQ), the motivational measured based on the Motivational imagery ability measure for Sport (MIAMS). The effectiveness of the PETTLEP imagery intervention on show jumping tasks were evaluated by the professional equine rider on the observational scale. Results demonstrated the improvement on all equestrian jumping tasks for the most participants from baseline to intervention. Result shows the improvement on imagery ability and participants’ motivations after the PETTLEP imagery intervention. Implication of the present study include underlining the impact of PETTLEP imagery on equestrian jumping tasks. The result extends the previous research on the effectiveness of PETTLEP imagery in the sports context that involves interaction and collaboration between human and horse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PETTLEP%20imagery" title="PETTLEP imagery">PETTLEP imagery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imagery%20ability" title=" imagery ability"> imagery ability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equestrian" title=" equestrian"> equestrian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equestrian%20jumping%20tasks" title=" equestrian jumping tasks"> equestrian jumping tasks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82648/the-effect-of-pettlep-imagery-on-equestrian-jumping-tasks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Flow and Heat Transfer of a Nanofluid over a Shrinking Sheet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bachok">N. Bachok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20L.%20Aleng"> N. L. Aleng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Arifin"> N. M. Arifin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ishak"> A. Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Senu"> N. Senu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of laminar fluid flow which results from the shrinking of a permeable surface in a nanofluid has been investigated numerically. The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. A similarity solution is presented which depends on the mass suction parameter S, Prandtl number Pr, Lewis number Le, Brownian motion number Nb and thermophoresis number Nt. It was found that the reduced Nusselt number is decreasing function of each dimensionless number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boundary%20layer" title="Boundary layer">Boundary layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinking%20sheet" title=" shrinking sheet"> shrinking sheet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brownian%20motion" title=" Brownian motion"> Brownian motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophoresis" title=" thermophoresis"> thermophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=similarity%20solution" title=" similarity solution"> similarity solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13057/flow-and-heat-transfer-of-a-nanofluid-over-a-shrinking-sheet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Combined Surface Tension and Natural Convection of Nanofluids in a Square Open Cavity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habibis%20Saleh">Habibis Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Hashim"> Ishak Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Combined surface tension and natural convection heat transfer in an open cavity is studied numerically in this article. The cavity is filled with water-{Cu} nanofluids. The left wall is kept at low temperature, the right wall at high temperature and the bottom and top walls are adiabatic. The top free surface is assumed to be flat and non--deformable. Finite difference method is applied to solve the dimensionless governing equations. It is found that the insignificant effect of adding the nanoparticles were obtained about $Ma_{bf}=250$. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title="natural convection">natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marangoni%20convection" title=" marangoni convection"> marangoni convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluids" title=" nanofluids"> nanofluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square%20open%20cavity" title=" square open cavity"> square open cavity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16711/combined-surface-tension-and-natural-convection-of-nanofluids-in-a-square-open-cavity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Contemporary Visual Art and Shariah: A Conceptual Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Ramli">Ishak Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Noorman%20Masrek"> Mohamad Noorman Masrek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Abdul%20Aziz%20Ab%20Gani"> Muhamad Abdul Aziz Ab Gani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Islam places restrictions and limitation to the creation and ownership of visual art. Not all forms of visual arts are permissible in Islam. However, guidance on the creation and ownership of visual arts is not made plain and clear not only to the Islamic followers but also to the art community. Given this gap, this study attempts to develop a conceptual framework that will guide artist and art collectors on what constitute to valid and acceptable through the Islamic perspective. Based on this framework, several research checklist are proposed. It is highly useful especially for the researchers who are interested to study the topic. Qualitative research is the best choice to test run the paper work to attempt all the checklist which are formed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20visual%20art" title="contemporary visual art">contemporary visual art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shariah" title=" Shariah"> Shariah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20framework" title=" conceptual framework"> conceptual framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title=" Islam"> Islam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44579/contemporary-visual-art-and-shariah-a-conceptual-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Effect of Coupling Agent on the Properties of Durian Skin Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazleen%20Anuar">Hazleen Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Aimi%20Mohd%20Nasir"> Nur Aimi Mohd Nasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Durian skin is a newly explores natural fibre potentially reinforced polyolefin for diverse applications. In this work, investigation on the effect of coupling agent, maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) on the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with durian skin fibre (DSF) was conducted. The presence of 30 wt% DSF significantly reduced the tensile strength of PP-DSF composite. Interestingly, even though the same trend goes to PP-DSF with the presence of MAPP, the reduction is only about 4% relative to unreinforced PP and 18% higher than PP-DSF without MAPP (untreated composite or UTC). The used of MAPP in treated composite (TC) also increased the tensile modulus, flexural properties and degradation temperature. The enhanced mechanical properties are consistent with good interfacial interaction as evidenced under scanning electron microscopy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durian%20skin%20fiber" title="durian skin fiber">durian skin fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20agent" title=" coupling agent"> coupling agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermogravimetry%20analysis" title=" thermogravimetry analysis"> thermogravimetry analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33625/effect-of-coupling-agent-on-the-properties-of-durian-skin-fibre-reinforced-polypropylene-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Performance Evaluation of Distributed and Co-Located MIMO LTE Physical Layer Using Wireless Open-Access Research Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Suleiman">Ishak Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Kamsani%20Samingan"> Ahmad Kamsani Samingan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeoh%20Chun%20Yeow"> Yeoh Chun Yeow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Aziz%20Bin%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Abdul Aziz Bin Abdul Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we evaluate the benefits of distributed 4x4 MIMO LTE downlink systems compared to that of the co-located 4x4 MIMO LTE downlink system. The performance evaluation was carried out experimentally by using Wireless Open-Access Research Platform (WARP), where the comparison between the 4x4 MIMO LTE transmission downlink system in distributed and co-located techniques was examined. The measured Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) results showed that the distributed technique achieved better system performance compared to the co-located arrangement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-input-multiple-output%20%28MIMO%29" title="multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)">multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20MIMO" title=" distributed MIMO"> distributed MIMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-located%20MIMO" title=" co-located MIMO"> co-located MIMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTE" title=" LTE"> LTE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52382/performance-evaluation-of-distributed-and-co-located-mimo-lte-physical-layer-using-wireless-open-access-research-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Conjugate Free Convection in a Square Cavity Filled with Nanofluid and Heated from Below by Spatial Wall Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Hashim">Ishak Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Alsabery"> Ammar Alsabery</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of conjugate free convection in a square cavity filled with nanofluid and heated from below by spatial wall temperature is studied numerically using the finite difference method. Water-based nanofluid with copper nanoparticles are chosen for the investigation. Governing equations are solved over a wide range of nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.2), wave number ((0 ≤ λ ≤ 4) and thermal conductivity ratio (0.44 ≤ Kr ≤ 6). The results presented for values of the governing parameters in terms of streamlines, isotherms and average Nusselt number. It is found that the flow behavior and the heat distribution are clearly enhanced with the increment of the non-uniform heating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20free%20convection" title="conjugate free convection">conjugate free convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square%20cavity" title=" square cavity"> square cavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20temperature" title=" spatial temperature"> spatial temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46696/conjugate-free-convection-in-a-square-cavity-filled-with-nanofluid-and-heated-from-below-by-spatial-wall-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Development of Extended Trapezoidal Method for Numerical Solution of Volterra Integro-Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fuziyah%20Ishak">Fuziyah Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Norazura%20Ahmad"> Siti Norazura Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Volterra integro-differential equations appear in many models for real life phenomena. Since analytical solutions for this type of differential equations are hard and at times impossible to attain, engineers and scientists resort to numerical solutions that can be made as accurately as possible. Conventionally, numerical methods for ordinary differential equations are adapted to solve Volterra integro-differential equations. In this paper, numerical solution for solving Volterra integro-differential equation using extended trapezoidal method is described. Formulae for the integral and differential parts of the equation are presented. Numerical results show that the extended method is suitable for solving first order Volterra integro-differential equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title="accuracy">accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended%20trapezoidal%20method" title=" extended trapezoidal method"> extended trapezoidal method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20solution" title=" numerical solution"> numerical solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Volterra%20integro-differential%20equations" title=" Volterra integro-differential equations"> Volterra integro-differential equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52856/development-of-extended-trapezoidal-method-for-numerical-solution-of-volterra-integro-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> The Development of GPS Buoy for Ocean Surface Monitoring: Initial Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuar%20Mohd%20Salleh">Anuar Mohd Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Effendi%20Daud"> Mohd Effendi Daud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a kinematic positioning approach which is use the GPS buoy for precise ocean surface monitoring. A GPS buoy data from two experiments have been processed using a precise, medium-range differential kinematic technique. In each case the data were collected for more than 24 hours at nearby coastal site at a high rate (1 Hz), along with measurements from neighboring tidal stations, to verify the estimated sea surface heights. Kinematic coordinates of GPS buoy were estimated using the epoch-wise pre-elimination and the backward substitution algorithm. Test results show the centimeter level accuracy in sea surface height determination can be successfully achieved using proposed technique. The centimeter level agreement between two methods also suggests the possibility of using this inexpensive and more flexible GPS buoy equipment to enhance (or even replace) the current use of tidal gauge stations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20positioning%20system" title="global positioning system">global positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic%20GPS" title=" kinematic GPS"> kinematic GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20surface%20height" title=" sea surface height"> sea surface height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20buoy" title=" GPS buoy"> GPS buoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tide%20gauge" title=" tide gauge"> tide gauge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23300/the-development-of-gps-buoy-for-ocean-surface-monitoring-initial-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Identification of Healthy and BSR-Infected Oil Palm Trees Using Color Indices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Khairunniza-Bejo">Siti Khairunniza-Bejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusnida%20Yusoff"> Yusnida Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nik%20Salwani%20Nik%20Yusoff"> Nik Salwani Nik Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idris%20Abu%20Seman"> Idris Abu Seman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Izzuddin%20Anuar"> Mohamad Izzuddin Anuar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of the oil palm plantations have been threatened by Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease which causes serious economic impact. This study was conducted to identify the healthy and BSR-infected oil palm tree using thirteen color indices. Multispectral and thermal camera was used to capture 216 images of the leaves taken from frond number 1, 9 and 17. Indices of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), red (R), green (G), blue (B), near infrared (NIR), green – blue (GB), green/blue (G/B), green – red (GR), green/red (G/R), hue (H), saturation (S), intensity (I) and thermal index (T) were used. From this study, it can be concluded that G index taken from frond number 9 is the best index to differentiate between the healthy and BSR-infected oil palm trees. It not only gave high value of correlation coefficient (R=-0.962), but also high value of separation between healthy and BSR-infected oil palm tree. Furthermore, power and S model developed using G index gave the highest R2 value which is 0.985. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm" title="oil palm">oil palm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease" title=" disease"> disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaves" title=" leaves"> leaves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28605/identification-of-healthy-and-bsr-infected-oil-palm-trees-using-color-indices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Multistage Adomian Decomposition Method for Solving Linear and Non-Linear Stiff System of Ordinary Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20H.%20Chowdhury">M. S. H. Chowdhury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Hashim"> Ishak Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, linear and non-linear stiff systems of ordinary differential equations are solved by the classical Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and the multi-stage Adomian decomposition method (MADM). The MADM is a technique adapted from the standard Adomian decomposition method (ADM) where standard ADM is converted into a hybrid numeric-analytic method called the multistage ADM (MADM). The MADM is tested for several examples. Comparisons with an explicit Runge-Kutta-type method (RK) and the classical ADM demonstrate the limitations of ADM and promising capability of the MADM for solving stiff initial value problems (IVPs). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiff%20system%20of%20ODEs" title="stiff system of ODEs">stiff system of ODEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Runge-Kutta%20Type%20Method" title=" Runge-Kutta Type Method"> Runge-Kutta Type Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adomian%20decomposition%20method" title=" Adomian decomposition method"> Adomian decomposition method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multistage%20ADM" title=" Multistage ADM"> Multistage ADM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41137/multistage-adomian-decomposition-method-for-solving-linear-and-non-linear-stiff-system-of-ordinary-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Functional Slow Release of Encapsulated Ibuprofen in Cross-linked Gellan Gum Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Jannah%20Mohd%20Sebri">Nor Jannah Mohd Sebri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairul%20Anuar%20Mat%20Amin"> Khairul Anuar Mat Amin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dication cross-linked gellan gum hydrogel loaded with Ibuprofen with excellent mechanical properties had been synthesized as potential candidate for non-toxic biocompatible polymer material in tissue engineering. The gellan gum hydrogel with 5% Ibuprofen had produced a slow release profile with total drug release time of 25 hours as a resulting low swelling value recorded at 22+0.5%. Its compressive strength, 200.13+21 kPa was highest of all other hydrogel ratio of 0.5% and 1.0% Ibuprofen incorporation. Young’s Modulus of the hydrogel with 5% Ibuprofen was recorded at 1.8+0.01 MPa, indicating good gel strength in which it is capable of withstanding a fair amount of subjected force during topical wound dressing application. Excellent mechanical properties, together with slow release profile, make the ibuprofen-loaded hydrogel a prospect candidate as biocompatible extracellular matrices in wound management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gellan%20gum" title="gellan gum">gellan gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ibuprofen" title=" ibuprofen"> ibuprofen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20drug%20release" title=" slow drug release"> slow drug release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19329/functional-slow-release-of-encapsulated-ibuprofen-in-cross-linked-gellan-gum-hydrogel-for-tissue-engineering-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Modeling of Single Bay Precast Residential House Using Ruaumoko 2D Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20H.%20Hamid">N. H. Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Mohamed"> N. M. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Anuar"> S. A. Anuar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Precast residential houses are normally constructed in Malaysia using precast shear-key wall panel and precast wall panel are designed using BS8110 where there is no provision for earthquake. However, the safety of this house under moderate and strong earthquake is still questionable. Consequently, the full-scale of residential house are designed, constructed, tested and analyzed under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. Hysteresis loops are plotted based on the experimental work and compared with modeling of hysteresis loops using HYSTERES in RUAUMOKO 2D program. Modified Takeda hysteresis model is chosen to behave a similar pattern with experimental work. This program will display the earthquake excitations, spectral displacements, pseudo spectral acceleration, and deformation shape of the structure. It can be concluded that this building is suffering severe cracks and damage under moderate and severe earthquake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precast%20shear-key" title="precast shear-key">precast shear-key</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20loops" title=" hysteresis loops"> hysteresis loops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20displacements" title=" spectral displacements"> spectral displacements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation%20shape" title=" deformation shape"> deformation shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11522/modeling-of-single-bay-precast-residential-house-using-ruaumoko-2d-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Numerical Simulation of the Flow around Wing-In-Ground Effect (WIG) Craft</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elbatran">A. Elbatran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Ahmed"> Y. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Radwan"> A. Radwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ishak"> M. Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of WIG craft is representing an ambitious technology that will support in reducing time, effort, and money of the conventional marine transportation in the future. This paper investigates the aerodynamic characteristic of compound wing-in-ground effect (WIG) craft model. Drag coefficient, lift coefficient and Lift and drag ratio were studied numerically with respect to the ground clearance and the wing angle of attack. The modifications of the wing has been done in order to investigate the most suitable wing configuration that can increase the wing lift-to-drag ratio at low ground clearance. A numerical investigation was carried out in this research work using finite volume Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations (RANSE) code ANSYS CFX, Validation was carried out by using experiments. The experimental and the numerical results concluded that the lift to drag ratio decreased with the increasing of the ground clearance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag%20Coefficient" title="drag Coefficient">drag Coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20clearance" title=" ground clearance"> ground clearance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navier-stokes" title=" navier-stokes"> navier-stokes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WIG" title=" WIG"> WIG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62997/numerical-simulation-of-the-flow-around-wing-in-ground-effect-wig-craft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Evaluation of Soil Thermal-Entropy Properties with a Single-Probe Heat-Pulse Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdull%20Halim%20Abdull">Abdull Halim Abdull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasiman%20Sapari"> Nasiman Sapari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Haikal%20Asyraf%20Bin%20Anuar"> Mohammad Haikal Asyraf Bin Anuar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although soil thermal properties are required in many areas to improve oil recovery, they are seldom measured on a routine basis. Reasons for this are unclear, but may be related to a lack of suitable instrumentation and entropy theory. We integrate single probe thermal gradient for the radial conduction of a short-duration heat pulse away from a single electrode source, and compared it with the theory for an instantaneously heated line source. By measuring the temperature response at a short distance from the line source, and applying short-duration heat-pulse theory, we can extract all the entropy properties, the thermal diffusivity, heat capacity, and conductivity, from a single heat-pulse measurement. Results of initial experiments carried out on air-dry sand and clay materials indicate that this heat-pulse method yields soil thermal properties that compare well with thermal properties measured by single electrode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20probe%20thermal%20gradient" title=" single probe thermal gradient"> single probe thermal gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20thermal" title=" soil thermal"> soil thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probe%20heat" title=" probe heat "> probe heat </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5201/evaluation-of-soil-thermal-entropy-properties-with-a-single-probe-heat-pulse-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Healing Performances: Ethnographic Concepts and Emic Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ishak">S. Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Nasuruddin"> M. G. Nasuruddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper looks at healing performances as ethnographic expressions of local knowledge and culture embedded within the Malay psyche and gemeinschaft. As society develops and progresses, these healing performances are caught within conflicting trajectories which become compounded by the contestations of tradition, religious concerns, locality and modernity. As exemplifications of the Malay ethos, these performances practice common rituals, cater to the innate needs of the practitioners and serve the targeted, closed, local community. This paper traces the ethnographic methods in documenting these practices as rituals of healing in a post-modern world. It delineates the ethnographic concepts used to analyze these rituals, and to semiotically read the varied binarial oppositions and juxtapositions. The paper concludes by highlighting the reconciliatory processes involved in maintaining these ritual performances as exemplifications of the Malay ethos playing an important role in the re-aligning, re-balancing and healing of the Malay community’s psyche. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angina" title="angina">angina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=winds" title=" winds"> winds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semangat" title=" semangat"> semangat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirits" title=" spirits"> spirits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20theatres" title=" traditional theatres"> traditional theatres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trance" title=" trance"> trance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3357/healing-performances-ethnographic-concepts-and-emic-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Evaluation of Site Laboratory Conditions Effect on Seismic Design Characteristics in Ramhormoz</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayyed%20Yaghoub%20Zolfegharifar">Sayyed Yaghoub Zolfegharifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairul%20Anuar%20Kassim"> Khairul Anuar Kassim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Khoramrooz"> Hossein Khoramrooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khodayar%20Farhadiasl"> Khodayar Farhadiasl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Jahan"> Sadegh Jahan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iran is one of the world's seismically active countries so that it experiences many small to medium earthquakes annually and a large earthquake every ten years. Due to seism tectonic conditions and special geographical and climatic position, Iran has the potential to create numerous severe earthquakes. Therefore, seismicity studies and seismic zonation of seismic zones of the country are necessary. In this article, the effect of local site conditions on the characteristics of seismic design in Rahmormoz will be examined. After analyzing the seismic hazard for Rahmormoz through deterministic and statistical methods and preparing the necessary geotechnical models based on available data, the ground response will be analyzed for different parts of the city based on four inputs and acceleration level estimated for bedrock through the equivalent linear method and by means of Deep Soil program. Finally, through the analysis of the obtained results, the seismic profiles of the ground surface for different parts of the city will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20microzonation" title="seismic microzonation">seismic microzonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20response" title=" ground response"> ground response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance%20spectrum" title=" resonance spectrum"> resonance spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=period" title=" period"> period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20conditions" title=" site conditions"> site conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35992/evaluation-of-site-laboratory-conditions-effect-on-seismic-design-characteristics-in-ramhormoz" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> The Significant Effect of Wudu’ and Zikr in the Controlling of Emotional Pressure Using Biofeedback Emwave Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Anuar%20Awang%20Idris">Mohd Anuar Awang Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nubli%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Muhammad Nubli Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Yusma%20Mohamed%20Yusoff"> Nora Yusma Mohamed Yusoff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wudu’ (Ablution) and Zikr are amongst some of the spiritual tools which may help an individual control his mind, emotion and attitude. These tools are deemed to be able to deliver a positive impact on an individual’s psychophysiology. The main objective of this research is to determine the effects of Wudu’ (Ablution) and Zikr therapy using the biofeedback emWave application and technology. For this research, 13 students were selected as samples from the students’ representative body at the University Tenaga National, Malaysia. The DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) questionnaire was used to help with the assessment and measurement of each student’s ability in controlling his or her emotions before and after the therapies. The biofeedback emWave technology was utilized to monitor the student’s psychophysiology level. In addition, the data obtained from the Heart rate variability (HRV) test have also been used to affirm that Wudu’ and Zikr had had significant impacts on the student’s success in controlling his or her emotional pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofeedback%20EmWave" title="biofeedback EmWave">biofeedback EmWave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion" title=" emotion"> emotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychophysiology" title=" psychophysiology"> psychophysiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wudu%E2%80%99" title=" wudu’"> wudu’</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zikr" title=" zikr"> zikr</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70686/the-significant-effect-of-wudu-and-zikr-in-the-controlling-of-emotional-pressure-using-biofeedback-emwave-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Main Puteri Traditional Malay Healing Ceremony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Nasuruddin">M. G. Nasuruddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ishak"> S. Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the traditional Malay healing ritualistic ceremony known as Main Puteri. This non-invasive intervention uses the vehicle of performance to administer the healing process. It employs the performance elements of Makyung, that is, music, movements/dance, and dramatic dialogue to heal psychosomatic maladies. There are two perspectives to this therapeutic healing process, one traditional and the other scientific. From the traditional perspective, the psychosomatic illness is attributed to the infestations/possessions by malevolent spirits. To heal such patients, these spirits must be exorcised through placating them by making offerings. From the scientific perspective, the music (sonic orders), movements (kinetic energy), and smell (olfactory) connect with the brain waves to release the chemicals that would activate the internal healing energy. Currently, in Main Puteri, the therapeutic healing ritual is no longer relevant as modern clinical medicine has proven to be more effective. Thus, Main Puteri is an anachronism in today’s technologically advanced Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exorcism" title="exorcism">exorcism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=main%20puteri" title=" main puteri"> main puteri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shamans" title=" shamans"> shamans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutic%20healing" title=" therapeutic healing"> therapeutic healing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3358/main-puteri-traditional-malay-healing-ceremony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Application Water Quality Modelling In Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Management: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Che%20Osmi">S. A. Che Osmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20F.%20W.%20Ishak"> W. M. F. W. Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20F.%20Che%20Osmi"> S. F. Che Osmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays the issues of water quality and water pollution have been a major problem across the country. A lot of management attempt to develop their own TMDL database in order to control the river pollution. Over the past decade, the mathematical modeling has been used as the tool for the development of TMDL. This paper presents the application of water quality modeling to develop the total maximum daily load (TMDL) information. To obtain the reliable database of TMDL, the appropriate water quality modeling should choose based on the available data provided. This paper will discuss on the use of several water quality modeling such as QUAL2E, QUAL2K, and EFDC to develop TMDL. The attempts to integrate several modeling are also being discussed in this paper. Based on this paper, the differences in the application of water quality modeling based on their properties such as one, two or three dimensional are showing their ability to develop the modeling of TMDL database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMDL" title="TMDL">TMDL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20modeling" title=" water quality modeling"> water quality modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QUAL2E" title=" QUAL2E"> QUAL2E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFDC" title=" EFDC"> EFDC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38187/application-water-quality-modelling-in-total-maximum-daily-load-tmdl-management-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Colony Size and Behaviors Characteristics of Monkeys in Peninsular Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karimullah%20Karim">Karimullah Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrul%20Anuar"> Shahrul Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Dauda"> T. Dauda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Swarm of research on monkey behavior exists, but were concerned with an aspect of molecular study in support of human primate and non-human primates. Many researchers take an interest in the study of Primates and their environment for the reason that they are intimately connected to humans in terms of human social behaviors. In this context, a study of the activity budget of monkeys was conducted in three states of Peninsular Malaysia. The chi-square test was served to analysis the behaviors and their variances in different study areas, effects of seasonal variation on behaviors, time differences in behaviors and habituated and non-habituated behaviors of monkeys. In consequent the behavior of moving (17%) was found higher followed by climbing (15%), eating (13%), and other social behaviors. All the behavior categories were found significant at p<0.05. The most common behavior of the monkeys in conclusion has been found associated with the restiveness of the animal and that their colony size is not rigid as it depends also on some other factors. This study can therefore serve as a starting point for the understanding of comparative behaviors of monkey in general and the study of the monkey behavior is thus recommended to be expanded to cover more study areas as well as species than in the present work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activity%20budget" title="activity budget">activity budget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peninsular%20Malaysia" title=" Peninsular Malaysia"> Peninsular Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monkeys%20colony" title=" monkeys colony"> monkeys colony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour" title=" behaviour"> behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48479/colony-size-and-behaviors-characteristics-of-monkeys-in-peninsular-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Implementation of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Encryption Engine on a FPGA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Khairi%20Ishak">Mohamad Khairi Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional public key crypto systems such as RSA (Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman), DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm), and Elgamal are no longer efficient to be implemented in the small, memory constrained devices. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), which allows smaller key length as compared to conventional public key crypto systems, has thus become a very attractive choice for many applications. This paper describes implementation of an elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) encryption engine on a FPGA. The system has been implemented in 2 different key sizes, which are 131 bits and 163 bits. Area and timing analysis are provided for both key sizes for comparison. The crypto system, which has been implemented on Altera’s EPF10K200SBC600-1, has a hardware size of 5945/9984 and 6913/9984 of logic cells for 131 bits implementation and 163 bits implementation respectively. The crypto system operates up to 43 MHz, and performs point multiplication operation in 11.3 ms for 131 bits implementation and 14.9 ms for 163 bits implementation. In terms of speed, our crypto system is about 8 times faster than the software implementation of the same system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elliptic%20curve%20cryptography" title="elliptic curve cryptography">elliptic curve cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA" title=" FPGA"> FPGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20sizes" title=" key sizes"> key sizes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory "> memory </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13762/implementation-of-elliptic-curve-cryptography-encryption-engine-on-a-fpga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Double-Diffusive Natural Convection with Various Partially Heated and Salted Sources Arrangements in an Open Cavity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazam%20Arbin">Norazam Arbin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habibis%20Saleh"> Habibis Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Alsabery"> Ammar Alsabery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Hashim"> Ishak Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Double-diffusive natural convection in an open top cavity with partial vertical heating and salting sources is investigated numerically. Different temperatures and concentrations are applied at the source location on the right and left walls while the other remains adiabatic except at the open top surface. Various combinations of sources arrangements are imposed at the vertical walls in order to observe the signiﬁcant impact to the convection. An iterative ﬁnite different method is used to solve the dimensionless governing equations. The effects of Marangoni number and sources arrangements on the contours of streamlines, isotherms, and concentrations are visualized as the outcome of the numerical solutions. The average Nusselt and Sherwood number are presented for various sources arrangements. It is clearly observed that the sources arrangements gave major impact on the heat and mass transfer rates. A horizontal-like pattern is found for sources arrangements that near the top-free surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-diffusive" title="double-diffusive">double-diffusive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marangoni%20effect" title=" Marangoni effect"> Marangoni effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20heating" title=" partial heating"> partial heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salting" title=" salting"> salting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13496/double-diffusive-natural-convection-with-various-partially-heated-and-salted-sources-arrangements-in-an-open-cavity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 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