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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partnersteden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partnersteden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Partnersteden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partnersteden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geboren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geboren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geboren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geboren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaunas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 117 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-117" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">117 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%8B%8D%E1%8A%93%E1%88%B5" title="ካውናስ – Amhaars" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካውናስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="كاوناس – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاوناس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="كاوناس – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاوناس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawnas" title="Kawnas – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Kawnas" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauns" title="Kauns – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kauns" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каўнас – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каўнас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Коўна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Коўна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Kaunas (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kaunas (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Ковьно – Kerkslavisch" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ковьно" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kerkslavisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cawnas" title="Cawnas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cawnas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Nedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κάουνας – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάουνας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%ADno" title="Kaŭno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kaŭno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کاوناس – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاوناس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Fijisch" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94" title="קובנה – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קובנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Oppersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Կաունաս – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կաունաս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Կաունաս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կաունաս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%AF%E1%93%87%E1%94%85" title="ᑯᓇᔅ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑯᓇᔅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B9" title="カウナス – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カウナス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="კაუნასი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კაუნასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9A%B0%EB%82%98%EC%8A%A4" title="카우나스 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카우나스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couna" title="Couna – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Couna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaune" title="Kaune – Letgaals" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Kaune" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Letgaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kau%C5%86a" title="Kauņa – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kauņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कॉनास – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॉनास" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Nederduits" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kowno" title="Kowno – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kowno" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کاؤناس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاؤناس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کاوناس – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کاوناس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caunas" title="Caunas – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caunas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Silezisch" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="เกานัส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกานัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Каунас – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Каунас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کاوناس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کاوناس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%83%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF" title="考纳斯 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="考纳斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="კაუნასი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კაუნასი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A2" title="קאוונע – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאוונע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%83%E7%B4%8D%E6%96%AF" title="考納斯 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="考納斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kaunas" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%83%E9%82%A3%E6%96%AF" title="考那斯 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="考那斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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<table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <caption class="notheme" style="font-size:large; margin-bottom:0.5em;"><b>Kaunas</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Stad in <a href="/wiki/Litouwen" title="Litouwen">Litouwen</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Litouwen"><img alt="Vlag van Litouwen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <div style="display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 50%; align-items:center; text-align:center;"> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag"><img alt="Vlag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg/125px-LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg/188px-LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg/250px-LTU_Kaunas_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapen"><img alt="Wapen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kaunas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="975" /></a></span></div> <div></div> <div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white; color:inherit; padding:0;" class="center" colspan="2"><div style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width: 266px; max-width: 266px; float:none; clear:both;"><div style="position: relative;border: 1px solid none; padding: 0px; width: 266px; max-width: 266px;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaunas (Litouwen)"><img alt="Kaunas (Litouwen)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg/266px-Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg/399px-Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg/532px-Lithuania_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1642" data-file-height="1268" /></a></span><br /><div style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: 59.8%; left: 52.1%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 8px; font-size: 8px; line-height:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kaunas"><img alt="Kaunas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%; position: relative; top: -1.5em; width: 6em; top:-2.65em; left:-3em; text-align: center;"><span style="padding: 1px;"></span></div></div></div><div style="font-size: 90%"> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Situering </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Districten_van_Litouwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Districten van Litouwen">District</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kaunas_(district)" title="Kaunas (district)">Kaunas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gemeente_(bestuur)" title="Gemeente (bestuur)">Gemeente</a> </th> <td>stadsgemeente </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Geografische_co%C3%B6rdinaten" title="Geografische coördinaten">Coördinaten</a> </th> <td><span class="plainlinks"><span class="coordinates plainlinks"><span id="text_coordinates"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=54_054_018_N_23_056_024_E_type:city_scale:25000_region:LT&pagename=Kaunas">54° 54′ NB, 23° 56′ OL</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a> </th> <td>157 km² </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bevolking" title="Bevolking">Inwoners</a> <br /><small class="nowrap">(2019)</small> </th> <td>288.466 <br />(1935 inw./km²) </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Overig </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Postcode" title="Postcode">Postcode</a> </th> <td>62xxx - 67xxx </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Netnummer" title="Netnummer">Netnummer</a> </th> <td>+370-(0)37 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Website </th> <td><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaunas.lt/apie-kauna/miesto-istorija/">www<wbr />.kaunas<wbr />.lt<wbr />/apie-kauna<wbr />/miesto-istorija<wbr />/</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Foto's </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Burcht van Kaunas"><img alt="Burcht van Kaunas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg/266px-Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg/399px-Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg/532px-Kauno_pilis._Kaunas_Castle.2006-06-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2" style="font-size:85%">Burcht van Kaunas </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Kaunas_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Het centrum van de stad"><img alt="Het centrum van de stad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kaunas_panorama.jpg/266px-Kaunas_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kaunas_panorama.jpg/399px-Kaunas_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kaunas_panorama.jpg/532px-Kaunas_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2" style="font-size:85%">Het centrum van de stad </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:CartaMarina.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaunas wordt “Cavm” genoemd op de Carta Marina uit 1539."><img alt="Kaunas wordt “Cavm” genoemd op de Carta Marina uit 1539." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/CartaMarina.png/266px-CartaMarina.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/CartaMarina.png/399px-CartaMarina.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/CartaMarina.png/532px-CartaMarina.png 2x" data-file-width="13978" data-file-height="10394" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2" style="font-size:85%">Kaunas wordt “Cavm” genoemd op de <a href="/wiki/Carta_Marina" title="Carta Marina">Carta Marina</a> uit 1539. </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" colspan="2"> <table style="border-collapse:collapse;" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Baltische_staten" title="Portaal:Baltische staten">Baltische staten</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Kaunas</b> (<a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duits</a>, archaïsch: <i>Kauen</i>, later <i>Kowno</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pools" title="Pools">Pools</a>: <i>Kowno</i>, <a href="/wiki/Russisch" title="Russisch">Russisch</a>: <i>Каунас</i>, vroeger: <i>Ковно</i>) is met 288.466 inwoners (2019) de tweede stad van <a href="/wiki/Litouwen" title="Litouwen">Litouwen</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a>. De stad ligt aan de <a href="/wiki/Memel_(rivier)" title="Memel (rivier)">Memel</a>, ongeveer honderd kilometer ten westen van de <a href="/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad">hoofdstad</a> Vilnius. In het <a href="/wiki/Interbellum" title="Interbellum">Interbellum</a> vervulde Kaunas de functie van hoofdstad, aangezien Vilnius toen tot <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a> behoorde. Het is nu de hoofdstad van het district <a href="/wiki/Kaunas_(district)" title="Kaunas (district)">Kaunas</a>. Kaunas is verder een stadsgemeente, om en rond de stad ligt de districtsgemeente <a href="/wiki/Kaunas_(districtsgemeente)" title="Kaunas (districtsgemeente)">Kaunas</a>. Sinds 2023 staat de modernistische architectuur van de stad op de <a href="/wiki/Unesco" class="mw-redirect" title="Unesco">Unesco</a>-<a href="/wiki/Werelderfgoedlijst" title="Werelderfgoedlijst">Werelderfgoedlijst</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De plek waar de rivieren Neris en Nemunas samenkomen heeft een lange geschiedenis van menselijke bewoning. In de 14e eeuw werd het stadje voor het eerst genoemd en werd er ook een <a href="/wiki/Burcht_(kasteel)" title="Burcht (kasteel)">burcht</a> gebouwd als verdediging tegen de <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Orde" title="Duitse Orde">Duitse Orde</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1408" title="1408">1408</a> verkreeg Kaunas stadsrechten, en in <a href="/wiki/1441" title="1441">1441</a> sloot de stad zich aan bij de <a href="/wiki/Hanze" title="Hanze">Hanze</a>. Een welvarende periode brak aan die duurde tot in de <a href="/wiki/17e_eeuw" title="17e eeuw">17e eeuw</a>. </p><p>Gedurende de overheersing door het <a href="/wiki/Tsaar" title="Tsaar">Tsaristische</a> <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a> was Kaunas een belangrijke plaats in de westelijke verdediging van het Russische rijk. De Russen bouwden een heel nieuw stadscentrum dat met het oude middeleeuwse centrum werd verbonden door een brede 2 km lange <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_(wegtype)" title="Boulevard (wegtype)">boulevard</a>, de Vrijheidsboulevard (<i>Laisvės alėja</i>). Tevens werd de stad omgeven door een ring van negen forten. </p><p>Na de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a> werd Litouwen weer een onafhankelijke staat. Omdat Vilnius in <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> door <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a> werd geannexeerd, werd Kaunas de hoofdstad van Litouwen. De status van tijdelijke hoofdstad bleef van kracht tot juni 1940 toen Litouwen werd geannexeerd door de Sovjet-Unie. Voor de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Wereldoorlog" title="Tweede Wereldoorlog">Tweede Wereldoorlog</a> telde de stad een belangrijke Joodse gemeenschap. Door de Duitse bezetter werd deze bevolkingsgroep voor het grootste deel vermoord (zie <a href="/wiki/Getto_van_Kovno" title="Getto van Kovno">Getto van Kovno</a>). </p><p>Vilnius werd nadien weer de hoofdstad van Litouwen, nu lijkt de politieke rol van Kaunas uitgespeeld. De stad neemt nog een belangrijke plaats in in de psyche van het Litouwse volk als echte "Litouwse" stad; meer dan 90% van de bevolking is nog Litouws. In de nadagen van de <a href="/wiki/Sovjet-Unie" title="Sovjet-Unie">Sovjet-Unie</a> kwamen de inwoners geregeld in opstand tegen het regime. </p><p>Na de val van het <a href="/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme">communisme</a> is de stad in rap tempo gemoderniseerd. De oude binnenstad is gerestaureerd en de <i>Laisvės alėja</i> is veranderd in een brede winkelpromenade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partnersteden">Partnersteden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Partnersteden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Partnersteden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Tsjechië"><img alt="Vlag van Tsjechië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a> (Tsjechië)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van de Verenigde Staten"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde Staten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> (Verenigde Staten)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Finland"><img alt="Vlag van Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere">Tampere</a>, (Finland)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Estland"><img alt="Vlag van Estland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> (Estland), sinds 1993</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Italië"><img alt="Vlag van Italië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cava_de%27_Tirreni" title="Cava de' Tirreni">Cava de' Tirreni</a> (Italië), sinds 2007</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geboren">Geboren</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geboren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaunas&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geboren"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Minkowski" title="Hermann Minkowski">Hermann Minkowski</a> (1864-1909), wiskundige</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Emma Goldman</a> (1869-1940), anarchiste en feministe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlado_Perlemuter" title="Vlado Perlemuter">Vlado Perlemuter</a> (1904-2002), Frans pianist van Litouwse afkomst</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_L%C3%A9vinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmanuel Lévinas">Emmanuel Lévinas</a> (1906-1995), Frans filosoof van Litouwse afkomst</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Schenk_von_Stauffenberg" title="Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg">Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg</a> (1913-2006), Duits echtgenote van <a href="/wiki/Claus_von_Stauffenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Claus von Stauffenberg">Claus von Stauffenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Sernas" title="Jacques Sernas">Jacques Sernas</a> (1925-2015), Frans acteur van Litouwse afkomst</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdas_Adamkus" title="Valdas Adamkus">Valdas Adamkus</a> (1926), politicus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vytautas_%C5%BDalakevi%C4%8Dius" title="Vytautas Žalakevičius">Vytautas Žalakevičius</a> (1930-1996), filmregisseur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Maciunas" title="George Maciunas">George Maciunas</a> (1931-1978), Amerikaans kunstenaar van Litouwse afkomst (<a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vytautas_Landsbergis" title="Vytautas Landsbergis">Vytautas Landsbergis</a> (1932), staatsman en musicus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Komar" title="Władysław Komar">Władysław Komar</a> (1940-1998), Pools kogelstoter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigitas_Jakubauskas" title="Sigitas Jakubauskas">Sigitas Jakubauskas</a> (1958), voetballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gintautas_Umaras" class="mw-redirect" title="Gintautas Umaras">Gintautas Umaras</a> (1963), wielrenner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvydas_Sabonis" title="Arvydas Sabonis">Arvydas Sabonis</a> (1964), basketballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_Labanauskas" title="Darius Labanauskas">Darius Labanauskas</a> (1976), darter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gediminas_Ma%C5%BEeika" title="Gediminas Mažeika">Gediminas Mažeika</a> (1978), voetbalscheidsrechter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Stankevi%C4%8Dius" title="Marius Stankevičius">Marius Stankevičius</a> (1981), voetballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edita_Vilkevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97" title="Edita Vilkevičiūtė">Edita Vilkevičiūtė</a> (1989), model</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ieva_Zasimauskait%C4%97" title="Ieva Zasimauskaitė">Ieva Zasimauskaitė</a> (1993), zangeres</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%ABta_Meilutyt%C4%97" title="Rūta Meilutytė">Rūta Meilutytė</a> (1997), zwemster</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1661">Unesco</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kaunas#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kaunas">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" 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.navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Hanze" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_Hanze" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie Hanze"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_Hanze" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_Hanze&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Hanze" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Hanze" title="Hanze">Hanze</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Hanzestad" title="Hanzestad">Nederlandse Hanzesteden</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Arnhem" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bolsward" title="Bolsward">Bolsward</a> · <a href="/wiki/Deventer" title="Deventer">Deventer</a> · <a href="/wiki/Doesburg" title="Doesburg">Doesburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elburg_(stad)" title="Elburg (stad)">Elburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groningen_(stad)" title="Groningen (stad)">Groningen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Harderwijk_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harderwijk (hoofdbetekenis)">Harderwijk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hasselt_(Overijssel)" title="Hasselt (Overijssel)">Hasselt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hattem" title="Hattem">Hattem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kampen_(stad)" title="Kampen (stad)">Kampen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nijmegen (hoofdbetekenis)">Nijmegen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oldenzaal" title="Oldenzaal">Oldenzaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ommen_(stad)" title="Ommen (stad)">Ommen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Roermond_(stad)" title="Roermond (stad)">Roermond</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stavoren" title="Stavoren">Stavoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tiel" title="Tiel">Tiel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Venlo_(stad)" title="Venlo (stad)">Venlo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaltbommel_(stad)" title="Zaltbommel (stad)">Zaltbommel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zutphen_(stad)" title="Zutphen (stad)">Zutphen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zwolle_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zwolle (hoofdbetekenis)">Zwolle</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Hanzestad" title="Hanzestad">Overige Hanzesteden</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Anklam" title="Anklam">Anklam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bergen_(Noorwegen)" title="Bergen (Noorwegen)">Bergen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Berlijn_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlijn (hoofdbetekenis)">Berlijn-Cölln</a> · <a href="/wiki/Braunschweig_(stad)" title="Braunschweig (stad)">Braunschweig</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bremen_(stad)" title="Bremen (stad)">Bremen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brugge_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brugge (hoofdbetekenis)">Brugge</a> · <a href="/wiki/C%C4%93sis_(stad)" title="Cēsis (stad)">Cēsis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a> · <a href="/wiki/Duisburg_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duisburg (hoofdbetekenis)">Duisburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erfurt_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Erfurt (hoofdbetekenis)">Erfurt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gardelegen" title="Gardelegen">Gardelegen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Goslar_(stad)" title="Goslar (stad)">Goslar</a> · <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_(stad)" title="Göttingen (stad)">Göttingen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth_(Engeland)" title="Great Yarmouth (Engeland)">Great Yarmouth</a> · <a href="/wiki/Greifswald" title="Greifswald">Greifswald</a> · <a href="/wiki/Halle_(Saale)" title="Halle (Saale)">Halle</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamburg (hoofdbetekenis)">Hamburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hamelen" title="Hamelen">Hamelen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hannover_(stad)" title="Hannover (stad)">Hannover</a> · <a href="/wiki/Havelberg" title="Havelberg">Havelberg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hildesheim_(stad)" title="Hildesheim (stad)">Hildesheim</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kalkar" title="Kalkar">Kalkar</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kaunas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rijksstad_Keulen" title="Rijksstad Keulen">Keulen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kiel_(Duitsland)" title="Kiel (Duitsland)">Kiel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da_(stad)" title="Klaipėda (stad)">Klaipėda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Koningsbergen" title="Koningsbergen">Koningsbergen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kopenhagen (hoofdbetekenis)">Kopenhagen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Krakau_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krakau (hoofdbetekenis)">Krakau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuld%C4%ABga" title="Kuldīga">Kuldīga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londen</a> · <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lübeck (hoofdbetekenis)">Lübeck</a> · <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCneburg_(stad)" title="Lüneburg (stad)">Lüneburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maagdenburg_(stad)" title="Maagdenburg (stad)">Maagdenburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster_(stad)" title="Münster (stad)">Münster</a> · <a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a> · <a href="/wiki/Osterburg_(Altmark)" title="Osterburg (Altmark)">Osterburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paderborn_(stad)" title="Paderborn (stad)">Paderborn</a> · <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4rnu" title="Pärnu">Pärnu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a> · <a href="/wiki/Quedlinburg_(stad)" title="Quedlinburg (stad)">Quedlinburg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rostock_(stad)" title="Rostock (stad)">Rostock</a> · <a href="/wiki/Salzwedel" title="Salzwedel">Salzwedel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Seehausen_(Altmark)" title="Seehausen (Altmark)">Seehausen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stargard_(stad)" title="Stargard (stad)">Stargard</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stendal_(stad)" title="Stendal (stad)">Stendal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm (hoofdbetekenis)">Stockholm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stralsund" title="Stralsund">Stralsund</a> · <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tangerm%C3%BCnde" title="Tangermünde">Tangermünde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod">Novgorod</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ventspils_(stad)" title="Ventspils (stad)">Ventspils</a> · <a href="/wiki/Visby_(Zweden)" title="Visby (Zweden)">Visby</a> · <a href="/wiki/Werben_(Elbe)" title="Werben (Elbe)">Werben</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Hanzekantoor" title="Hanzekantoor">Hanzekantoren</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Bryggen" title="Bryggen">Bryggen (Bergen)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hanzekantoor_van_Brugge" title="Hanzekantoor van Brugge">Hanzekantoor van Brugge</a> · <a href="/wiki/Peterhof_(Novgorod)" title="Peterhof (Novgorod)">Peterhof (Novgorod)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stalhof" title="Stalhof">Stalhof (Londen)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oostershuis" title="Oostershuis">Hanzekantoor van Antwerpen</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Zie ook:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Hanzedagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzedagen">Hanzedagen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hanzevlaggen" title="Hanzevlaggen">Hanzevlaggen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vitte" title="Vitte">Vitte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Greenwell%27s_Booth" title="Greenwell's Booth">Greenwell's Booth</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schra_van_Novgorod" title="Schra van Novgorod">Schra van Novgorod</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Hollands-Wendische_Oorlog" title="Hollands-Wendische Oorlog">Hollands-Wendische Oorlog</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vrede_van_Utrecht_(1474)" title="Vrede van Utrecht (1474)">Vrede van Utrecht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_Utrecht" title="Simon van Utrecht">Simon van Utrecht</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <p><b>Andere hanzen:</b> <a href="/wiki/Vlaamse_Hanze_van_Londen" title="Vlaamse Hanze van Londen">Vlaamse Hanze van Londen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hanze_der_XVII_steden" title="Hanze der XVII steden">Hanze der XVII steden</a> </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img 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