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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Biochemistry and molecular biology</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">18,863 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Biochemistry and molecular biology</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75700502 coauthored" data-work_id="75700502" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75700502/Effects_of_Ethanolic_Extract_of_Telfairia_Occidentalis_on_Glucose_Level_and_Renal_Function_Parameters_in_Streptozotocin_Induced_Diabetic_Rats">Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Telfairia Occidentalis on Glucose Level and Renal Function Parameters in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One of the leading challenges to public health globally is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition caused by irregular high level of glucose in the blood. However, therapeutic option mostly adopted is the use of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75700502" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of the leading challenges to public health globally is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition caused by irregular high level of glucose in the blood. However, therapeutic option mostly adopted is the use of natural plant derivatives. The potential protective effect of Telfairia occidentalis was evaluated in blood serum and kidney following Streptozotocin-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty-five male albino rats of Wistar strain were randomly allocated into five groups: Group A: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats (animals injected with 50mg/kg b. wt. of Streptozotocin intravenously), and treated with low dose of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (200mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group B: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats, and then treated with high dose of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (400mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group C: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats treated with Metformin (1.43mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group D: Untreated Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats, Group E: Control (animals received distilled water only for eight days). Blood glucose concentration was determined at every 48 hours for 8 days. Other biochemical parameters such as sodium and potassium concentration, total protein (TP) concentration, albumin concentration, creatinine and urea concentration were also determined. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats showed significant (p<0.05) increase in blood glucose level. Treatment with ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) dose dependent reduction in blood glucose levels with a steep descent seen at higher dose. Streptozotocin significantly increased (P<0.05) the serum level of sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea, while it decreased the serum total protein and albumin concentration. Treatment with ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis significantly (p<0.05) decreased serum level of sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea, while it increased the serum total protein and albumin concentration. The results of this study showed that ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis is good antihyperglycaemic agent in lowering the blood glucose level. Hypernatremia and hyperkalaemia (diabetic ketoacidosis) caused by Streptozotocin are also lowered through the use of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis. This may therefore suggest the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis in protecting renal damage in streptozotocin induced diabetes. Therefore, the protective mechanism of Telfairia occidentalis might be due to its free radical scavenging potential and antidiabetic property.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75700502" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d0bbde7a6e8ec37b445d39be5837a2a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83366265,"asset_id":75700502,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83366265/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="147200319" href="https://ejust.academia.edu/FikayoAdegboyega">Fikayo N O A H Adegboyega</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="147200319" type="text/json">{"id":147200319,"first_name":"Fikayo","last_name":"Adegboyega","domain_name":"ejust","page_name":"FikayoAdegboyega","display_name":"Fikayo N O A H Adegboyega","profile_url":"https://ejust.academia.edu/FikayoAdegboyega?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/147200319/41311248/71011817/s65_fikayo.adegboyega.jpeg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-75700502">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-75700502"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiftAdebolaAmoo">Gift Adebola Amoo</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-75700502'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-75700502').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75700502 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75700502"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75700502; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75700502]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75700502").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75700502").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75700502"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="140" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology">Pharmacology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="140" type="text/json">{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="656" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="656" type="text/json">{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1290" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology">Immunology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1290" type="text/json">{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75700502]'), work: {"id":75700502,"title":"Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Telfairia Occidentalis on Glucose Level and Renal Function Parameters in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats","created_at":"2022-04-07T01:50:02.093-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75700502/Effects_of_Ethanolic_Extract_of_Telfairia_Occidentalis_on_Glucose_Level_and_Renal_Function_Parameters_in_Streptozotocin_Induced_Diabetic_Rats?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_75700502","summary":"One of the leading challenges to public health globally is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition caused by irregular high level of glucose in the blood. However, therapeutic option mostly adopted is the use of natural plant derivatives. The potential protective effect of Telfairia occidentalis was evaluated in blood serum and kidney following Streptozotocin-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty-five male albino rats of Wistar strain were randomly allocated into five groups: Group A: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats (animals injected with 50mg/kg b. wt. of Streptozotocin intravenously), and treated with low dose of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (200mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group B: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats, and then treated with high dose of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (400mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group C: Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats treated with Metformin (1.43mg/kg b. wt.) for eight days, Group D: Untreated Streptozotocininduced diabetic rats, Group E: Control (animals received distilled water only for eight days). Blood glucose concentration was determined at every 48 hours for 8 days. Other biochemical parameters such as sodium and potassium concentration, total protein (TP) concentration, albumin concentration, creatinine and urea concentration were also determined. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats showed significant (p\u003c0.05) increase in blood glucose level. Treatment with ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis showed a statistically significant (p\u003c0.05) dose dependent reduction in blood glucose levels with a steep descent seen at higher dose. Streptozotocin significantly increased (P\u003c0.05) the serum level of sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea, while it decreased the serum total protein and albumin concentration. Treatment with ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis significantly (p\u003c0.05) decreased serum level of sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea, while it increased the serum total protein and albumin concentration. The results of this study showed that ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis is good antihyperglycaemic agent in lowering the blood glucose level. Hypernatremia and hyperkalaemia (diabetic ketoacidosis) caused by Streptozotocin are also lowered through the use of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis. This may therefore suggest the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis in protecting renal damage in streptozotocin induced diabetes. Therefore, the protective mechanism of Telfairia occidentalis might be due to its free radical scavenging potential and antidiabetic property.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83366265,"asset_id":75700502,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":147200319,"first_name":"Fikayo","last_name":"Adegboyega","domain_name":"ejust","page_name":"FikayoAdegboyega","display_name":"Fikayo N O A H Adegboyega","profile_url":"https://ejust.academia.edu/FikayoAdegboyega?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/147200319/41311248/71011817/s65_fikayo.adegboyega.jpeg"},{"id":191858871,"first_name":"Gift Adebola","last_name":"Amoo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiftAdebolaAmoo","display_name":"Gift Adebola Amoo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiftAdebolaAmoo?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":3057,"name":"Phytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":14034,"name":"Clinical Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":96573,"name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Retinopathy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":140085,"name":"Medical and pharmaceutical biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_pharmaceutical_biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":161512,"name":"Plant Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":165415,"name":"Medical Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":186234,"name":"Medical Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Physiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":255562,"name":"Biochemistry and Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_Biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1650813,"name":"Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytomedicine_and_Phytopharmacology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28288268" data-work_id="28288268" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28288268/Effect_of_NAD_P_H_quinone_oxidoreductase_on_tyrosinase_mediated_oxidation_of_opioid_neuropeptides_Leu_enkephalin_and_Met_enkephalin">Effect of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase on tyrosinase-mediated oxidation of opioid neuropeptides Leu-enkephalin and Met-enkephalin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In vitro experiments are reported showing that NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductase (QR), purified from Glycine max seedlings, reduces Leu- and Met-enkephalin-tyrosinase oxidation products, in the presence of NADH or NADPH. QR was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28288268" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In vitro experiments are reported showing that NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductase (QR), purified from Glycine max seedlings, reduces Leu- and Met-enkephalin-tyrosinase oxidation products, in the presence of NADH or NADPH. QR was not capable to catalyze the reduction of N-acetyl-dopaquinone formed by the cation of mushroom tyrosinase on N-acetyl-L-tyrosine, while it was able to reduce dopachrome. The results support the hypothesis that QR can inhibit the formation of melanin-like compounds, as catalyzed by the action of tyrosinase on Leu-enkephalin and Met-enkephalin. It is proposed that, in the presence of NAD(P)H as the electron donor, the inhibition occurs by the specific conversion of the dopachrome-derivative into the reduced precursor, leucodopachrome-derivative.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28288268" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4404eec0ac6173ea887b63d0fe4b911d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48618194,"asset_id":28288268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48618194/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3689398" href="https://unica-it.academia.edu/EnricoSanjust">Enrico Sanjust</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3689398" type="text/json">{"id":3689398,"first_name":"Enrico","last_name":"Sanjust","domain_name":"unica-it","page_name":"EnricoSanjust","display_name":"Enrico Sanjust","profile_url":"https://unica-it.academia.edu/EnricoSanjust?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3689398/1311362/1627384/s65_enrico.sanjust.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28288268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28288268"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28288268, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28288268", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28288268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28288268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28288268"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28288268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28288268"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28288268; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28288268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28288268").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28288268").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28288268"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="354934" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soybeans">Soybeans</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="354934" type="text/json">{"id":354934,"name":"Soybeans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soybeans?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="828507" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NAD">NAD</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="828507" type="text/json">{"id":828507,"name":"NAD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NAD?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28288268]'), work: {"id":28288268,"title":"Effect of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase on tyrosinase-mediated oxidation of opioid neuropeptides Leu-enkephalin and Met-enkephalin","created_at":"2016-09-06T09:59:00.647-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28288268/Effect_of_NAD_P_H_quinone_oxidoreductase_on_tyrosinase_mediated_oxidation_of_opioid_neuropeptides_Leu_enkephalin_and_Met_enkephalin?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_28288268","summary":"In vitro experiments are reported showing that NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductase (QR), purified from Glycine max seedlings, reduces Leu- and Met-enkephalin-tyrosinase oxidation products, in the presence of NADH or NADPH. QR was not capable to catalyze the reduction of N-acetyl-dopaquinone formed by the cation of mushroom tyrosinase on N-acetyl-L-tyrosine, while it was able to reduce dopachrome. The results support the hypothesis that QR can inhibit the formation of melanin-like compounds, as catalyzed by the action of tyrosinase on Leu-enkephalin and Met-enkephalin. It is proposed that, in the presence of NAD(P)H as the electron donor, the inhibition occurs by the specific conversion of the dopachrome-derivative into the reduced precursor, leucodopachrome-derivative.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48618194,"asset_id":28288268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3689398,"first_name":"Enrico","last_name":"Sanjust","domain_name":"unica-it","page_name":"EnricoSanjust","display_name":"Enrico Sanjust","profile_url":"https://unica-it.academia.edu/EnricoSanjust?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3689398/1311362/1627384/s65_enrico.sanjust.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":354934,"name":"Soybeans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soybeans?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":828507,"name":"NAD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NAD?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1256747,"name":"Oxidation-Reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation-Reduction?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62260228" data-work_id="62260228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62260228/ANTIHYPERTENSIVE_AND_ELECTROLYTE_MODULATORY_POTENTIAL_OF_VERNONIOSIDE_E_STEROIDAL_SAPONIN_FROM_VERNONIA_AMYGDALINA_ASTERECEA_IN_ADULT_ALBINO_WISTAR_RATS">ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND ELECTROLYTE MODULATORY POTENTIAL OF VERNONIOSIDE E (STEROIDAL SAPONIN) FROM VERNONIA AMYGDALINA (ASTERECEA) IN ADULT ALBINO WISTAR RATS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Western lifestyle, urban diets and physical inactivity among urban dwellers in Nigeria have caused increase in incidences of hypertension among people of 40 years and above. Drugs for its treatment are expensive, while ethnopharmacology... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62260228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Western lifestyle, urban diets and physical inactivity among urban dwellers in Nigeria have caused <br />increase in incidences of hypertension among people of 40 years and above. Drugs for its treatment are <br />expensive, while ethnopharmacology seem to provide alternative and cheaper options. Aqueous leaf <br />extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf) has been successfully used for centuries in Nigeria to treat <br />hypertension, other cardiovascular diseases, stomach pains, fever and malaria. The present study evaluates <br />the antihypertensive potential of Vernonioside E (VE) and crude extract (CE) of Vernonia amygdalina <br />leaf, and the efficacy of VE and CE in reversing serum electrolyte concentrations, lipid/cholesterol, and <br />enzyme activities implicated in the aetiology and manifestation of hypertension using Albino Wistar rats <br />previously induced with 40mg/Kg bw hypertensive agent (Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester <br />hydrochloride, L-NAME) as study model. The LD50 of VE was also determined, while LD50 of CE has <br />been previously determined and known. The LD50 of VE was determined to be 0.70 mg/kg. Vernonioside <br />E (105.25± 2.29 mEq/L), the crude extract (108.55± 2.41 mEq/L) and Captopril (112.99± 2.30 mEq/L)<br />produced significant (p<0.05) decreases in serum sodium concentration, when compared to the <br />hypertensive control (165.72±15.05 mEq/L). The chloride levels in treated groups were slightly decreased <br />while the potassium level was slightly increased compared to control groups. There was significant <br />(p<0.05) decrease in total cholesterol levels in treatment groups, VE (56.14±2.15mg/kg), CE <br />(57.40±2.20mg/kg) and Captopril (61.44±0.25mg/kg) compared to hypertensive control <br />(77.63±2.97mg/kg). There were significant (P<0.05) decreases in triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein <br />(LDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations of treated groups when compared to <br />hypertensive control. Also, there was significant (p<0.05) elevation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) <br />concentration in treated and normal control groups when compared to hypertensive control. There was a <br />significant (p<0.05) elevation of two key serum enzymes (AST and ALT) concentraions. It was concluded <br />that, the biochemical changes observed suggests that Vernonioside E (VE) and crude extract (CE) of <br />Vernonia amygdalina leaf are potential antihypertensive agents, and this confirms the <br />ethnopharmacological claims of the use of aqueous extracts of the leaves of this plant in the treatment of <br />high blood pressure and associated cardiovascular diseases.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62260228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d58b4dd28220e17df6cabc3932ffd4f1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75084635,"asset_id":62260228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75084635/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="124443470" href="https://myunical.academia.edu/ONOTEKPE">ONOT EKPE</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="124443470" type="text/json">{"id":124443470,"first_name":"ONOT","last_name":"EKPE","domain_name":"myunical","page_name":"ONOTEKPE","display_name":"ONOT EKPE","profile_url":"https://myunical.academia.edu/ONOTEKPE?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/124443470/68903611/57293499/s65_onot.ekpe.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62260228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62260228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62260228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62260228", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62260228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62260228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62260228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62260228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70061" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Biochemistry">Food Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70061" type="text/json">{"id":70061,"name":"Food Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107233" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Biochemistry">Protein Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="107233" type="text/json">{"id":107233,"name":"Protein Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406110" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry_and_Nutritional_Biochemistry">Food Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="406110" type="text/json">{"id":406110,"name":"Food Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry_and_Nutritional_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62260228]'), work: {"id":62260228,"title":"ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND ELECTROLYTE MODULATORY POTENTIAL OF VERNONIOSIDE E (STEROIDAL SAPONIN) FROM VERNONIA AMYGDALINA (ASTERECEA) IN ADULT ALBINO WISTAR RATS","created_at":"2021-11-24T03:52:45.832-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62260228/ANTIHYPERTENSIVE_AND_ELECTROLYTE_MODULATORY_POTENTIAL_OF_VERNONIOSIDE_E_STEROIDAL_SAPONIN_FROM_VERNONIA_AMYGDALINA_ASTERECEA_IN_ADULT_ALBINO_WISTAR_RATS?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_62260228","summary":"Western lifestyle, urban diets and physical inactivity among urban dwellers in Nigeria have caused \nincrease in incidences of hypertension among people of 40 years and above. Drugs for its treatment are \nexpensive, while ethnopharmacology seem to provide alternative and cheaper options. Aqueous leaf \nextracts of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf) has been successfully used for centuries in Nigeria to treat \nhypertension, other cardiovascular diseases, stomach pains, fever and malaria. The present study evaluates \nthe antihypertensive potential of Vernonioside E (VE) and crude extract (CE) of Vernonia amygdalina \nleaf, and the efficacy of VE and CE in reversing serum electrolyte concentrations, lipid/cholesterol, and \nenzyme activities implicated in the aetiology and manifestation of hypertension using Albino Wistar rats \npreviously induced with 40mg/Kg bw hypertensive agent (Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester \nhydrochloride, L-NAME) as study model. The LD50 of VE was also determined, while LD50 of CE has \nbeen previously determined and known. The LD50 of VE was determined to be 0.70 mg/kg. Vernonioside \nE (105.25± 2.29 mEq/L), the crude extract (108.55± 2.41 mEq/L) and Captopril (112.99± 2.30 mEq/L)\nproduced significant (p\u003c0.05) decreases in serum sodium concentration, when compared to the \nhypertensive control (165.72±15.05 mEq/L). The chloride levels in treated groups were slightly decreased \nwhile the potassium level was slightly increased compared to control groups. There was significant \n(p\u003c0.05) decrease in total cholesterol levels in treatment groups, VE (56.14±2.15mg/kg), CE \n(57.40±2.20mg/kg) and Captopril (61.44±0.25mg/kg) compared to hypertensive control \n(77.63±2.97mg/kg). There were significant (P\u003c0.05) decreases in triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein \n(LDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations of treated groups when compared to \nhypertensive control. Also, there was significant (p\u003c0.05) elevation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) \nconcentration in treated and normal control groups when compared to hypertensive control. There was a \nsignificant (p\u003c0.05) elevation of two key serum enzymes (AST and ALT) concentraions. It was concluded \nthat, the biochemical changes observed suggests that Vernonioside E (VE) and crude extract (CE) of \nVernonia amygdalina leaf are potential antihypertensive agents, and this confirms the \nethnopharmacological claims of the use of aqueous extracts of the leaves of this plant in the treatment of \nhigh blood pressure and associated cardiovascular diseases.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75084635,"asset_id":62260228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":124443470,"first_name":"ONOT","last_name":"EKPE","domain_name":"myunical","page_name":"ONOTEKPE","display_name":"ONOT EKPE","profile_url":"https://myunical.academia.edu/ONOTEKPE?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/124443470/68903611/57293499/s65_onot.ekpe.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":70061,"name":"Food Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":107233,"name":"Protein Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":406110,"name":"Food Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry_and_Nutritional_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23550941" data-work_id="23550941" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23550941/Evidence_for_antiradical_and_antioxidant_properties_of_four_biologically_active_N_N_Diethylaminoethyl_ethers_of_flavaone_oximes_A_comparison_with_natural_polyphenolic_flavonoid_rutin_action">Evidence for antiradical and antioxidant properties of four biologically active N,N-Diethylaminoethyl ethers of flavaone oximes: A comparison with natural polyphenolic flavonoid rutin action</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The antiradical and antioxidant activities of four biologically active N,N-diethyloaminoethyl ethers of flavanone oximes (N,N-DEAEFo) were investigated in vitro and compared with these of polyphenolic flavonoid (rutin). Four experimental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23550941" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The antiradical and antioxidant activities of four biologically active N,N-diethyloaminoethyl ethers of flavanone oximes (N,N-DEAEFo) were investigated in vitro and compared with these of polyphenolic flavonoid (rutin). Four experimental models were used: iron-and ascorbate driven Fenton systems, y-radiolysis, xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. The results clearly indicate that N,N-DEAEFo are acting as promising antioxidants and radioprotectors comparable to rutin activities: they should prove to be useful under acute oxidative stress conditions for which both properties were required.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23550941" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c534b65c119b6311beecc97e563d40e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43979222,"asset_id":23550941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43979222/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45578280" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AgataKochman">Agata Kochman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45578280" type="text/json">{"id":45578280,"first_name":"Agata","last_name":"Kochman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AgataKochman","display_name":"Agata Kochman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AgataKochman?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23550941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23550941"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23550941, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23550941", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23550941]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23550941").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23550941").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23550941"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22052" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavonoids">Flavonoids</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22052" type="text/json">{"id":22052,"name":"Flavonoids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavonoids?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51711" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidants">Antioxidants</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51711" type="text/json">{"id":51711,"name":"Antioxidants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidants?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158597" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron">Iron</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="158597" type="text/json">{"id":158597,"name":"Iron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422456" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oximes">Oximes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="422456" type="text/json">{"id":422456,"name":"Oximes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oximes?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23550941]'), work: {"id":23550941,"title":"Evidence for antiradical and antioxidant properties of four biologically active N,N-Diethylaminoethyl ethers of flavaone oximes: A comparison with natural polyphenolic flavonoid rutin action","created_at":"2016-03-22T00:51:13.259-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23550941/Evidence_for_antiradical_and_antioxidant_properties_of_four_biologically_active_N_N_Diethylaminoethyl_ethers_of_flavaone_oximes_A_comparison_with_natural_polyphenolic_flavonoid_rutin_action?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_23550941","summary":"The antiradical and antioxidant activities of four biologically active N,N-diethyloaminoethyl ethers of flavanone oximes (N,N-DEAEFo) were investigated in vitro and compared with these of polyphenolic flavonoid (rutin). Four experimental models were used: iron-and ascorbate driven Fenton systems, y-radiolysis, xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. The results clearly indicate that N,N-DEAEFo are acting as promising antioxidants and radioprotectors comparable to rutin activities: they should prove to be useful under acute oxidative stress conditions for which both properties were required.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43979222,"asset_id":23550941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45578280,"first_name":"Agata","last_name":"Kochman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AgataKochman","display_name":"Agata Kochman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AgataKochman?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":22052,"name":"Flavonoids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavonoids?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":51711,"name":"Antioxidants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidants?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":158597,"name":"Iron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":422456,"name":"Oximes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oximes?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39287975" data-work_id="39287975" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39287975/Moringa_oleifera_leaves_methanolic_extract_inhibits_angiotensin_converting_enzyme_activity_in_vitro_which_ameliorates_hypertension">Moringa oleifera leaves methanolic extract inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme activity in vitro which ameliorates hypertension</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) regulates blood pressure. ACE converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II which binds with its receptors and through a cascade of reactions constrict blood vesels, consequently results in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39287975" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) regulates blood pressure. ACE converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II which binds with its receptors and through a cascade of reactions constrict blood vesels, consequently results in increased blood pressure, called hypertension. Inhibition of ACE activity is considered as an useful therapeutic target that reduce hypertension. Moringa oleifera leaves have traditionally been used in Ayurvedic medicine for their antihypertensive activity and antihypertensive effect of Moringa leaves was reported on spontaneously hypertensive rats. So, we hypothesize that Moringa oleifera leaves methanolic extract (MOLME) might inhibit ACE activity. Inhibition of ACE activity by MOLME was estimated in vitro. In this study, inhibition of ACE by MOLME was evaluated by spectrophotometric method. MOLME inhibited ACE activity in the substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine (HHL) with an IC50 value of 226.37 μg/ml with a reference compound, captropril (CP), a potent ACE inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.0289 μM. The mode of ACE inhibition in HHL with or without MOLME revealed that the Vmax (0.0857 and 0.0541 OD/30 min, respectively) was changed and the Km values were 4.671 and 4.41. The results indicate that MOLME acts as a non-competitive inhibitor for ACE. CP was found a competitive inhibitor of ACE. MOLME might be a potential natural inhibitor of ACE which reduces hypertension.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39287975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b6a26a2b77a0e0a23f88d0649de42bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59424489,"asset_id":39287975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59424489/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="78120808" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JABETJournal">JABET Journal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="78120808" type="text/json">{"id":78120808,"first_name":"JABET","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JABETJournal","display_name":"JABET Journal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JABETJournal?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78120808/19225514/19167632/s65_jabet.journal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39287975 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39287975"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39287975, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39287975", }); 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ACE converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II which binds with its receptors and through a cascade of reactions constrict blood vesels, consequently results in increased blood pressure, called hypertension. Inhibition of ACE activity is considered as an useful therapeutic target that reduce hypertension. Moringa oleifera leaves have traditionally been used in Ayurvedic medicine for their antihypertensive activity and antihypertensive effect of Moringa leaves was reported on spontaneously hypertensive rats. So, we hypothesize that Moringa oleifera leaves methanolic extract (MOLME) might inhibit ACE activity. Inhibition of ACE activity by MOLME was estimated in vitro. In this study, inhibition of ACE by MOLME was evaluated by spectrophotometric method. MOLME inhibited ACE activity in the substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine (HHL) with an IC50 value of 226.37 μg/ml with a reference compound, captropril (CP), a potent ACE inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.0289 μM. The mode of ACE inhibition in HHL with or without MOLME revealed that the Vmax (0.0857 and 0.0541 OD/30 min, respectively) was changed and the Km values were 4.671 and 4.41. The results indicate that MOLME acts as a non-competitive inhibitor for ACE. CP was found a competitive inhibitor of ACE. MOLME might be a potential natural inhibitor of ACE which reduces hypertension.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59424489,"asset_id":39287975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":78120808,"first_name":"JABET","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JABETJournal","display_name":"JABET Journal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JABETJournal?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78120808/19225514/19167632/s65_jabet.journal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":71399,"name":"Hypertension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypertension?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":3259427,"name":"moringa leaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/moringa_leaves?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74245787 coauthored" data-work_id="74245787" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74245787/Mitoquinol_mesylate_alleviates_oxidative_damage_in_cirrhotic_and_advanced_hepatocellular_carcinogenic_rats_through_mitochondrial_protection_and_antioxidative_effects">Mitoquinol mesylate alleviates oxidative damage in cirrhotic and advanced hepatocellular carcinogenic rats through mitochondrial protection and antioxidative effects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mitochondrial dysfunction due to oxidative stress is usually implicated in pathological conditions such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of mitochondrial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74245787" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mitochondrial dysfunction due to oxidative stress is usually implicated in pathological conditions such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of mitochondrial targeted antioxidant, Mitoquinol Mesylate (MitoQ) in a model diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced cirrhosis and advanced HCC. Liver cirrhosis and advanced HCC were induced in Wistar rats by diethylnitrosamine administration (10 mg/Kg/day, oral gavage) for 12 and 20 weeks respectively. The cirrhotic and advanced HCC rats were pre- and post-treated with mitoQ (10 mg/Kg/day, oral gavage) as intervention therapy for 12-20 weeks and 4-12 weeks respectively. Both MitoQ interventions improved body weight, survival index and hepatic function while reducing hepatosomatic index and nodular incidence in cirrhotic and advanced HCC rats. Pre-treatment with mitoQ suppressed the transformation of cirrhotic cells to malignancy and decreased the level of cirrhosis and H...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74245787" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17248a209c93b6b86fffaf8cbc28ab89" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82463232,"asset_id":74245787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82463232/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14004325" href="https://ttu-ee.academia.edu/GeorgeAkin">Akinrinade G Ayankojo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14004325" type="text/json">{"id":14004325,"first_name":"Akinrinade","last_name":"Ayankojo","domain_name":"ttu-ee","page_name":"GeorgeAkin","display_name":"Akinrinade G Ayankojo","profile_url":"https://ttu-ee.academia.edu/GeorgeAkin?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14004325/3867059/12618012/s65_george.akin.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-74245787">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-74245787"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://crescent-university-edu.academia.edu/SulaimonLateef">Sulaimon Lateef</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-74245787'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-74245787').html(); 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This study investigated the chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of mitochondrial targeted antioxidant, Mitoquinol Mesylate (MitoQ) in a model diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced cirrhosis and advanced HCC. Liver cirrhosis and advanced HCC were induced in Wistar rats by diethylnitrosamine administration (10 mg/Kg/day, oral gavage) for 12 and 20 weeks respectively. The cirrhotic and advanced HCC rats were pre- and post-treated with mitoQ (10 mg/Kg/day, oral gavage) as intervention therapy for 12-20 weeks and 4-12 weeks respectively. Both MitoQ interventions improved body weight, survival index and hepatic function while reducing hepatosomatic index and nodular incidence in cirrhotic and advanced HCC rats. Pre-treatment with mitoQ suppressed the transformation of cirrhotic cells to malignancy and decreased the level of cirrhosis and H...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82463232,"asset_id":74245787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14004325,"first_name":"Akinrinade","last_name":"Ayankojo","domain_name":"ttu-ee","page_name":"GeorgeAkin","display_name":"Akinrinade G Ayankojo","profile_url":"https://ttu-ee.academia.edu/GeorgeAkin?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14004325/3867059/12618012/s65_george.akin.jpg"},{"id":154990068,"first_name":"Sulaimon","last_name":"Lateef","domain_name":"crescent-university-edu","page_name":"SulaimonLateef","display_name":"Sulaimon Lateef","profile_url":"https://crescent-university-edu.academia.edu/SulaimonLateef?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/154990068/51747696/39833708/s65_sulaimon.lateef.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":37773,"name":"Hepatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":51711,"name":"Antioxidants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidants?f_ri=602219"},{"id":56965,"name":"Gastroentrology \u0026 Hepatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gastroentrology_and_Hepatology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":78754,"name":"Cancer Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Therapy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":290433,"name":"Antioxidant Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidant_Activity?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1009236,"name":"Redox","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redox?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1124329,"name":"Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of red pitaya","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidant_and_antiproliferative_activities_of_red_pitaya?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12918416" data-work_id="12918416" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12918416/Cytochrome_P450scc_spin_state_transitions_in_the_thin_solid_films">Cytochrome P450scc spin state transitions in the thin solid films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Langmuir-Blodgett films of cytochrome P450scc were prepared on the solid supports and their spectral properties were investigated. Being immobilized, hemoprotein changes its spin state from initially high-to low spin. This transition is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12918416" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Langmuir-Blodgett films of cytochrome P450scc were prepared on the solid supports and their spectral properties were investigated. Being immobilized, hemoprotein changes its spin state from initially high-to low spin. This transition is reversible since after the solubilization of hemoprdtein, the spin state equilibrium is shifted towards high-spin state. Anaerobic reduction of film incorporated cytochrome P450scc by electron transfer chain (NADPH---~adrenodoxin reductase---~adrenodoxin) revealed the low rate of the reaction that coincides well with the content of the hemoprotein low-spin form. We suggest that particularly regular orientation of solid cytochrome P450scc are of crucial importance for this phenomenon.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12918416" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bd4b49a16bb959c8c5876d859ea73abd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45847020,"asset_id":12918416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45847020/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32088956" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VErokhin">Victor Erokhin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32088956" type="text/json">{"id":32088956,"first_name":"Victor","last_name":"Erokhin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VErokhin","display_name":"Victor Erokhin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VErokhin?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12918416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12918416"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12918416, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12918416", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12918416]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12918416").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12918416").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12918416"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21732" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy">Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21732" type="text/json">{"id":21732,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="90514" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cholesterol">Cholesterol</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="90514" type="text/json">{"id":90514,"name":"Cholesterol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cholesterol?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681026" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology">Biochemistry and cell biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681026" type="text/json">{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12918416]'), work: {"id":12918416,"title":"Cytochrome P450scc spin state transitions in the thin solid films","created_at":"2015-06-11T00:58:50.764-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12918416/Cytochrome_P450scc_spin_state_transitions_in_the_thin_solid_films?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_12918416","summary":"Langmuir-Blodgett films of cytochrome P450scc were prepared on the solid supports and their spectral properties were investigated. Being immobilized, hemoprotein changes its spin state from initially high-to low spin. This transition is reversible since after the solubilization of hemoprdtein, the spin state equilibrium is shifted towards high-spin state. Anaerobic reduction of film incorporated cytochrome P450scc by electron transfer chain (NADPH---~adrenodoxin reductase---~adrenodoxin) revealed the low rate of the reaction that coincides well with the content of the hemoprotein low-spin form. We suggest that particularly regular orientation of solid cytochrome P450scc are of crucial importance for this phenomenon.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45847020,"asset_id":12918416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32088956,"first_name":"Victor","last_name":"Erokhin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VErokhin","display_name":"Victor Erokhin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VErokhin?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21732,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":90514,"name":"Cholesterol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cholesterol?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11227423 coauthored" data-work_id="11227423" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11227423/Association_of_Maternal_Hypothyroidism_with_Preeclampsia_in_Bangladeshi_population">Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism with Preeclampsia in Bangladeshi population</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Our aim of the study was to evaluate the association of hypothyroidism with preeclampsia during pregnancy and after delivery. The study comprises a total of 52... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11227423" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Our aim of the study was to evaluate the association of hypothyroidism with preeclampsia during pregnancy and after delivery. The study comprises a total of 52 subjects including PE women (n=27) and uncomplicated pregnant women (n=25) matched by age. The serum hormone levels were estimated by ELISA methods. The demographic data and hormone levels were analyzed using unpaired t test and pearson two tailed analysis was used for correlation. Over all, significantly decreased concentrations of total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were observed in the preeclamptic group (p<0.001; p<0.01, respectively) compared with the normal pregnant group while the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was significantly (p<0.001) high. On the other hand, significant differences in T3 (p<0.05) and T4 (p<0.001) levels were found during pregnancy and after delivery among PE patients while TSH level non-significantly (p>0.05) increased. There were negative correlations of TSH with T3 (r=-0.16; p>0.05) and T4 (r=-0.11; p>0.05)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11227423" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d1b55082b9923949261f2dd898c11dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36840569,"asset_id":11227423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36840569/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23342642" href="https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen">Md. Bayejid Hosen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23342642" type="text/json">{"id":23342642,"first_name":"Md. Bayejid","last_name":"Hosen","domain_name":"univdhaka","page_name":"MdBayejidHosen","display_name":"Md. Bayejid Hosen","profile_url":"https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23342642/7381517/8298237/s65_md._bayejid.hosen.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-11227423">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-11227423"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://umbc.academia.edu/HasanAlBanna">Hasan Al Banna</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-11227423'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-11227423').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11227423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11227423"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11227423, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11227423", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11227423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11227423; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11227423"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11227423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11227423"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11227423; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11227423]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11227423").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11227423").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11227423"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11227423]'), work: {"id":11227423,"title":"Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism with Preeclampsia in Bangladeshi population","created_at":"2015-03-03T04:55:46.312-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11227423/Association_of_Maternal_Hypothyroidism_with_Preeclampsia_in_Bangladeshi_population?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_11227423","summary":"Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Our aim of the study was to evaluate the association of hypothyroidism with preeclampsia during pregnancy and after delivery. The study comprises a total of 52 subjects including PE women (n=27) and uncomplicated pregnant women (n=25) matched by age. The serum hormone levels were estimated by ELISA methods. The demographic data and hormone levels were analyzed using unpaired t test and pearson two tailed analysis was used for correlation. Over all, significantly decreased concentrations of total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were observed in the preeclamptic group (p\u003c0.001; p\u003c0.01, respectively) compared with the normal pregnant group while the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was significantly (p\u003c0.001) high. On the other hand, significant differences in T3 (p\u003c0.05) and T4 (p\u003c0.001) levels were found during pregnancy and after delivery among PE patients while TSH level non-significantly (p\u003e0.05) increased. There were negative correlations of TSH with T3 (r=-0.16; p\u003e0.05) and T4 (r=-0.11; p\u003e0.05)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36840569,"asset_id":11227423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23342642,"first_name":"Md. Bayejid","last_name":"Hosen","domain_name":"univdhaka","page_name":"MdBayejidHosen","display_name":"Md. Bayejid Hosen","profile_url":"https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23342642/7381517/8298237/s65_md._bayejid.hosen.jpg"},{"id":8671614,"first_name":"Hasan","last_name":"Al Banna","domain_name":"umbc","page_name":"HasanAlBanna","display_name":"Hasan Al Banna","profile_url":"https://umbc.academia.edu/HasanAlBanna?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8671614/8026088/59784352/s65_hasan.al_banna.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36045131" data-work_id="36045131" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36045131/Protective_effect_of_garlic_extract_against_maternal_and_fetal_cerebellar_damage_induced_by_lead_administration_during_pregnancy_in_rats">Protective effect of garlic extract against maternal and fetal cerebellar damage induced by lead administration during pregnancy in rats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">BACKGROUND: In spite of its indusrial usefulness and varied daily uses, lead (Pb) pollution is a widespread ecological problem that faces the humans in the 21th century. Pb was found to produces a wide range of toxic effects including... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36045131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">BACKGROUND:<br />In spite of its indusrial usefulness and varied daily uses, lead (Pb) pollution is a widespread ecological problem that faces the humans in the 21th century. Pb was found to produces a wide range of toxic effects including neurotoxicity especially to the developing and young offspring. Recently, the utilization of herbal plants has received a significant attention where there has been rising awareness in their therapeutic use; among these is the garlic.<br />AIM OF THE WORK:<br />In light of the above, the current study is designed experimentally in female pregnant rats in order to investigate the beneficial role of garlic extract in the protection from the maternal and fetal cerebellar damage that produced by administration of different doses of Pb during pregnancy.<br />MATERIALS AND METHODS:<br />Positively pregnant female rats were divided into five groups; one control group, two Pb-treated groups (exposed to 160 and 320 mg/kg b.wt. of Pb, respectively) and two groups treated with both Pb and garlic (exposed to Pb as previous groups together with 250 mg/ kg b.wt. /day of garlic extract). Treatments started from day 1 till day 20 of pregnancy, where the mother rats of different experimental groups were sacrified to obtain the fetuses. Pb level in the maternal nd fetal blood and cerebellum was estimated by spectrophotometry. Specimens of the cerebellum of different mother and fetal groups were processed to histological and immunohistochemical staining for microscopic examination.<br />RESULTS:<br />The results showed that administration of Pb to pregnant rats resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity for both mothers and fetuses in the form of decrease of maternal weight gain, placental and fetal weights, brain weight and diminished fetal growth parameters, which were prominent in rat's group treated with larger dose of Pb. In Pb-treated rats, Pb level in blood and cerebellum was high when compared to the control. The histopathological examination of the cerebellum of treated dams and fetuses showed marked alterations mainly in the form of Purkinje cell degeneration and lack of deveopmet of fetal cerebellum. Co-treatment of garlic extract along with Pb resulted in a significant decrease in Pb levels as compared with those treated with Pb alone with improvement of the histopathological changes.<br />CONCLUSIONS:<br />This study was useful in evaluating the hazardous effects of uncontrolled use of Pb in general and in assessing the developmental and neurotoxicity of fetuses due to exposure during pregnancy in particular. Co-administration of garlic has beneficial effects in amelioration of Pb-induced neurotoxicity and reversing the histopathological changes of the cerebellum of mother rats and fetuses.<br />KEYWORDS:<br />garlic; glial fibrillary acidic protein; lead; purkinje cells</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36045131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b4090006ec21546036b0370ea6011e0e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55931132,"asset_id":36045131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55931132/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21972122" href="https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa">Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21972122" type="text/json">{"id":21972122,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham","last_name":"Mustafa 🩺","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"HMustafa","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21972122/6015802/7471085/s65_hesham.mustafa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36045131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36045131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36045131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36045131", }); 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Pb was found to produces a wide range of toxic effects including neurotoxicity especially to the developing and young offspring. Recently, the utilization of herbal plants has received a significant attention where there has been rising awareness in their therapeutic use; among these is the garlic.\nAIM OF THE WORK:\nIn light of the above, the current study is designed experimentally in female pregnant rats in order to investigate the beneficial role of garlic extract in the protection from the maternal and fetal cerebellar damage that produced by administration of different doses of Pb during pregnancy.\nMATERIALS AND METHODS:\nPositively pregnant female rats were divided into five groups; one control group, two Pb-treated groups (exposed to 160 and 320 mg/kg b.wt. of Pb, respectively) and two groups treated with both Pb and garlic (exposed to Pb as previous groups together with 250 mg/ kg b.wt. /day of garlic extract). Treatments started from day 1 till day 20 of pregnancy, where the mother rats of different experimental groups were sacrified to obtain the fetuses. Pb level in the maternal nd fetal blood and cerebellum was estimated by spectrophotometry. Specimens of the cerebellum of different mother and fetal groups were processed to histological and immunohistochemical staining for microscopic examination.\nRESULTS:\nThe results showed that administration of Pb to pregnant rats resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity for both mothers and fetuses in the form of decrease of maternal weight gain, placental and fetal weights, brain weight and diminished fetal growth parameters, which were prominent in rat's group treated with larger dose of Pb. In Pb-treated rats, Pb level in blood and cerebellum was high when compared to the control. The histopathological examination of the cerebellum of treated dams and fetuses showed marked alterations mainly in the form of Purkinje cell degeneration and lack of deveopmet of fetal cerebellum. Co-treatment of garlic extract along with Pb resulted in a significant decrease in Pb levels as compared with those treated with Pb alone with improvement of the histopathological changes.\nCONCLUSIONS:\nThis study was useful in evaluating the hazardous effects of uncontrolled use of Pb in general and in assessing the developmental and neurotoxicity of fetuses due to exposure during pregnancy in particular. Co-administration of garlic has beneficial effects in amelioration of Pb-induced neurotoxicity and reversing the histopathological changes of the cerebellum of mother rats and fetuses.\nKEYWORDS:\ngarlic; glial fibrillary acidic protein; lead; purkinje cells","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55931132,"asset_id":36045131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21972122,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham","last_name":"Mustafa 🩺","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"HMustafa","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21972122/6015802/7471085/s65_hesham.mustafa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":143,"name":"Comparative Anatomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Anatomy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":144,"name":"Human Anatomy 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Water and basal diet were provided ad libitum.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63438596" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The investigational trials were conducted on day-old, total ninety chicks of broilers and indigenous (IND) poultry breeds in controlled conditions to analyze some hematological parameters. Water and basal diet were provided ad libitum. The experiment was carried out for 20 weeks. A total of 40 blood samples 20 for each breed were collected in a randomized manner through a brachial cut at the end of the trial. Hematological parameters, i.e., RBCs (10 6 /μl), WBCs (10 3 /μL), Lymphocytes (10 3 /μL), Monocytes (10 3 /μL), PLTs (10 3 /μL), Hb (g/dL), Ht (%), MCV (fL), MCH (pg), and MCHC (g/dL) were analyzed. Two-tailed Student t-test was applied to compare the means (p<0.05) of hematological parameters of both breeds. The findings exhibited that total RBCs, PLTs, and Hb concentration, were considerably higher (p<0.05) in IND chickens than broilers. On the other hand, the total WBCs, Lymphocytes, and Monocytes were remarkably higher (p<0.05) in broilers than the IND breed. However, no statistically important distinction (p>0.05) noted in both breeds in Ht, MCV, MCH, and MCHC parameters.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63438596" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1be839f2c8ad958931250a0a7d920a55" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75868725,"asset_id":63438596,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75868725/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="199948541" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MuhammadBilal2073">Muhammad Bilal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="199948541" type="text/json">{"id":199948541,"first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Bilal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MuhammadBilal2073","display_name":"Muhammad Bilal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MuhammadBilal2073?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/199948541/61553618/58121784/s65_muhammad.bilal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63438596 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63438596"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63438596, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63438596", }); 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Water and basal diet were provided ad libitum. The experiment was carried out for 20 weeks. A total of 40 blood samples 20 for each breed were collected in a randomized manner through a brachial cut at the end of the trial. Hematological parameters, i.e., RBCs (10 6 /μl), WBCs (10 3 /μL), Lymphocytes (10 3 /μL), Monocytes (10 3 /μL), PLTs (10 3 /μL), Hb (g/dL), Ht (%), MCV (fL), MCH (pg), and MCHC (g/dL) were analyzed. Two-tailed Student t-test was applied to compare the means (p\u003c0.05) of hematological parameters of both breeds. The findings exhibited that total RBCs, PLTs, and Hb concentration, were considerably higher (p\u003c0.05) in IND chickens than broilers. On the other hand, the total WBCs, Lymphocytes, and Monocytes were remarkably higher (p\u003c0.05) in broilers than the IND breed. However, no statistically important distinction (p\u003e0.05) noted in both breeds in Ht, MCV, MCH, and MCHC parameters.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75868725,"asset_id":63438596,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":199948541,"first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Bilal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MuhammadBilal2073","display_name":"Muhammad Bilal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MuhammadBilal2073?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/199948541/61553618/58121784/s65_muhammad.bilal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":619,"name":"Hematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":3092,"name":"Poultry Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poultry_Science?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":100732,"name":"Blood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1281127,"name":"Broiler Chickens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broiler_Chickens?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2693503,"name":"Biochemical and hematological analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemical_and_hematological_analysis?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50103741" data-work_id="50103741" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50103741/Review_Essay_inspired_by_P53_The_Gene_that_Cracked_the_Cancer_Code_by_Sue_Armstrong_2014_H_J_Spencer_20July2021_3_000_words_6_pages_">Review/Essay inspired by P53: The Gene that Cracked the Cancer Code by Sue Armstrong (2014) © H. J. Spencer [20July2021] 3,000 words (6 pages).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This review was inspired by this 300-page book that tells the story of the medical project to unravel the mystery of the vital P53 gene that manages the constant process of cell division, looking for mistakes which if not corrected may... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50103741" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This review was inspired by this 300-page book that tells the story of the medical project to unravel the mystery of the vital P53 gene that manages the constant process of cell division, looking for mistakes which if not corrected may lead to cancer. If the mistake cannot be corrected then the P53 gene initiates apoptosis: planned cell suicide. However, if the P53 gene itself is damaged then cancer usually develops, as further bad mistakes will often accumulate. This science author was schooled by some of the original pioneers, who uncovered this mystery, as she systematically reveals in this ZigZag of a convoluted story that slowly exposes how science is really done: by the acceptance of imaginative leaps of discovery and imagination. After 20 years, it became the most studied protein (or its source gene P53) in biomedical research until finally more than 50 percent of human cancer tumors were found to contain a mutation or were missing the P53 gene. AUTHOR'S BIOGRAPHY Sue Armstrong (born 1924) is a British science writer specializing in health and developmental issues. She has written for a wide variety of publications, including New Scientist magazine, UNAIDS, the World Health Organization. For many years she reported on the AIDS pandemic in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50103741" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a8e1d5a25690ae2190e5def4faacc019" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68214387,"asset_id":50103741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68214387/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52187999" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/HerbSpencer">Herb Spencer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52187999" type="text/json">{"id":52187999,"first_name":"Herb","last_name":"Spencer","domain_name":"jamescook","page_name":"HerbSpencer","display_name":"Herb Spencer","profile_url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/HerbSpencer?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52187999/13806942/14903171/s65_herb.spencer.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50103741 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50103741"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50103741, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50103741", }); 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J. Spencer [20July2021] 3,000 words (6 pages).","created_at":"2021-07-20T09:31:58.204-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50103741/Review_Essay_inspired_by_P53_The_Gene_that_Cracked_the_Cancer_Code_by_Sue_Armstrong_2014_H_J_Spencer_20July2021_3_000_words_6_pages_?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_50103741","summary":"This review was inspired by this 300-page book that tells the story of the medical project to unravel the mystery of the vital P53 gene that manages the constant process of cell division, looking for mistakes which if not corrected may lead to cancer. If the mistake cannot be corrected then the P53 gene initiates apoptosis: planned cell suicide. However, if the P53 gene itself is damaged then cancer usually develops, as further bad mistakes will often accumulate. This science author was schooled by some of the original pioneers, who uncovered this mystery, as she systematically reveals in this ZigZag of a convoluted story that slowly exposes how science is really done: by the acceptance of imaginative leaps of discovery and imagination. After 20 years, it became the most studied protein (or its source gene P53) in biomedical research until finally more than 50 percent of human cancer tumors were found to contain a mutation or were missing the P53 gene. AUTHOR'S BIOGRAPHY Sue Armstrong (born 1924) is a British science writer specializing in health and developmental issues. She has written for a wide variety of publications, including New Scientist magazine, UNAIDS, the World Health Organization. For many years she reported on the AIDS pandemic in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68214387,"asset_id":50103741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52187999,"first_name":"Herb","last_name":"Spencer","domain_name":"jamescook","page_name":"HerbSpencer","display_name":"Herb Spencer","profile_url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/HerbSpencer?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52187999/13806942/14903171/s65_herb.spencer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":53666,"name":"P53","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/P53?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":63449,"name":"P53 , Stem Cells and Colon Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/P53_Stem_Cells_and_Colon_Cancer?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1975966,"name":"tumor protein 53 [TP53(p53)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/tumor_protein_53_TP53_p53_?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28770513" data-work_id="28770513" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28770513/Laboratory_investigations_in_cell_and_molecular_biology_4th_ed_">Laboratory investigations in cell and molecular biology (4th ed.)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share 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The fruit juices that were tested included orange, Sweet lime, Lemon and grape. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15115281" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The reported study was performed to address the nutritional analysis viz., Juice contents, Total Sugar and citric acid contents of various fruit juices. The fruit juices that were tested included orange, Sweet lime, Lemon and grape. The fruit samples were brought at various intervals to laboratory of SBK Women's University, Quetta. The samples were washed with distilled water and were kept at room temperature. The selected physiochemical characteristics of the fruits were then evaluated on the same day. The results for all the selected physiochemical parameters were found significant at different intervals. Being an acidic fruit lemon contained highest concentration of citric acid as compared to other fruits but in contrast grapes and orange were found to be highly rich in contents of total soluble solids respectively. It is concluded from the study that all the fruits were highly juicy but lemon were found as a rich source of citric acid and grapes and orange can be used as a rich source of sugar.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15115281" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c524fc3acff0921c30553eeec016f85" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38547391,"asset_id":15115281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38547391/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7910954" href="https://sbkwomenuni.academia.edu/DrAyeshaMushtaq">Dr. Ayesha Mushtaq</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7910954" type="text/json">{"id":7910954,"first_name":"Dr. Ayesha","last_name":"Mushtaq","domain_name":"sbkwomenuni","page_name":"DrAyeshaMushtaq","display_name":"Dr. Ayesha Mushtaq","profile_url":"https://sbkwomenuni.academia.edu/DrAyeshaMushtaq?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7910954/10019509/11175647/s65_ayesha.ubaid.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15115281 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15115281"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15115281, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15115281", }); 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The fruit juices that were tested included orange, Sweet lime, Lemon and grape. The fruit samples were brought at various intervals to laboratory of SBK Women's University, Quetta. The samples were washed with distilled water and were kept at room temperature. The selected physiochemical characteristics of the fruits were then evaluated on the same day. The results for all the selected physiochemical parameters were found significant at different intervals. Being an acidic fruit lemon contained highest concentration of citric acid as compared to other fruits but in contrast grapes and orange were found to be highly rich in contents of total soluble solids respectively. It is concluded from the study that all the fruits were highly juicy but lemon were found as a rich source of citric acid and grapes and orange can be used as a rich source of sugar.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38547391,"asset_id":15115281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7910954,"first_name":"Dr. Ayesha","last_name":"Mushtaq","domain_name":"sbkwomenuni","page_name":"DrAyeshaMushtaq","display_name":"Dr. Ayesha Mushtaq","profile_url":"https://sbkwomenuni.academia.edu/DrAyeshaMushtaq?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7910954/10019509/11175647/s65_ayesha.ubaid.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18859662" data-work_id="18859662" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18859662/A_complete_approach_for_recombinant_protein_expression_training_From_gene_cloning_to_assessment_of_protein_functionality">A complete approach for recombinant protein expression training: From gene cloning to assessment of protein functionality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A practical course was given to undergraduate biology students enrolled in the elective course "Introduction to Genetic Engineering" at the Federal University of Sã o Carlos (UFSCar), Sã o Paulo, Brazil. The goal of the course was to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18859662" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A practical course was given to undergraduate biology students enrolled in the elective course "Introduction to Genetic Engineering" at the Federal University of Sã o Carlos (UFSCar), Sã o Paulo, Brazil. The goal of the course was to teach current molecular biology tools applied to a real research situation that could be reported by the students themselves. The purpose was to produce a plant recombinant protein and demonstrate a heretofore unreported biological activity. Cystatins, natural inhibitors of cysteine proteases, were proposed for these studies. Initially, the students searched for plant cystatin cDNA sequences in the NCBI databases and selected the Oryzacystatin I gene (ocI) from rice, Oriza sativa, as the target gene for this study. Total RNA was extracted from rice-germinating seeds and primers containing restriction sites for NdeI and EcoRI were designed based on the ocI cDNA sequence and then used to amplify the open reading frame (ORF). RT-PCR amplification provided a band of the expected size for ocI ORF (309 bp). The PCR product was cut with NdeI and EcoRI restriction enzymes and cloned directly in the pET28a expression vector digested with the same enzymes. A pET28-ocI recombinant clone was selected, checked by sequencing, and used to transform Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) expression strain. After induction of the bacteria with isopropylthiogalactoside and cellular disruption, the His-tagged OCI protein, present mainly in the soluble fraction, was purified by affinity chromatography in a nickel column. The purified protein was successfully used to inhibit fungal growth (Trichoderma reesei). The results were discussed extensively and the students contributed to the writing of this article, of which they are co-authors.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18859662" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0da97f2f38a7030de8b78323e8e584dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40294864,"asset_id":18859662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40294864/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38962635" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnaCarolinaMiglioriniFigueira">Ana Carolina Migliorini Figueira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38962635" type="text/json">{"id":38962635,"first_name":"Ana Carolina Migliorini","last_name":"Figueira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnaCarolinaMiglioriniFigueira","display_name":"Ana Carolina Migliorini Figueira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnaCarolinaMiglioriniFigueira?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18859662 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18859662"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18859662, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18859662", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18859662]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18859662").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18859662").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18859662"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61398" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Cloning">Gene Cloning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61398" type="text/json">{"id":61398,"name":"Gene Cloning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Cloning?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="238162" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Function">Protein Function</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="238162" type="text/json">{"id":238162,"name":"Protein Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Function?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="508371" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy">Curriculum and Pedagogy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="508371" type="text/json">{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18859662]'), work: {"id":18859662,"title":"A complete approach for recombinant protein expression training: From gene cloning to assessment of protein functionality","created_at":"2015-11-23T05:55:40.397-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18859662/A_complete_approach_for_recombinant_protein_expression_training_From_gene_cloning_to_assessment_of_protein_functionality?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_18859662","summary":"A practical course was given to undergraduate biology students enrolled in the elective course \"Introduction to Genetic Engineering\" at the Federal University of Sã o Carlos (UFSCar), Sã o Paulo, Brazil. The goal of the course was to teach current molecular biology tools applied to a real research situation that could be reported by the students themselves. The purpose was to produce a plant recombinant protein and demonstrate a heretofore unreported biological activity. Cystatins, natural inhibitors of cysteine proteases, were proposed for these studies. Initially, the students searched for plant cystatin cDNA sequences in the NCBI databases and selected the Oryzacystatin I gene (ocI) from rice, Oriza sativa, as the target gene for this study. Total RNA was extracted from rice-germinating seeds and primers containing restriction sites for NdeI and EcoRI were designed based on the ocI cDNA sequence and then used to amplify the open reading frame (ORF). RT-PCR amplification provided a band of the expected size for ocI ORF (309 bp). The PCR product was cut with NdeI and EcoRI restriction enzymes and cloned directly in the pET28a expression vector digested with the same enzymes. A pET28-ocI recombinant clone was selected, checked by sequencing, and used to transform Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) expression strain. After induction of the bacteria with isopropylthiogalactoside and cellular disruption, the His-tagged OCI protein, present mainly in the soluble fraction, was purified by affinity chromatography in a nickel column. The purified protein was successfully used to inhibit fungal growth (Trichoderma reesei). The results were discussed extensively and the students contributed to the writing of this article, of which they are co-authors.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40294864,"asset_id":18859662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38962635,"first_name":"Ana Carolina Migliorini","last_name":"Figueira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnaCarolinaMiglioriniFigueira","display_name":"Ana Carolina Migliorini Figueira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnaCarolinaMiglioriniFigueira?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":61398,"name":"Gene Cloning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Cloning?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":238162,"name":"Protein Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Function?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":959510,"name":"Recombinant Protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombinant_Protein?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44931266" data-work_id="44931266" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/44931266/Handbook_of_Biochemistry_and_Molecular_Biology_Fifth_Edition">Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Fifth Edition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is the fifth edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The first edition was published as a single volume in 1968 under the guidance of Herbert Sober. The second edition appeared in 1970 and the third, with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44931266" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is the fifth edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The first edition was published as a single volume in 1968 under the guidance of Herbert Sober. The second edition appeared in 1970 and the third, with Gerald Fasman as editor, appeared in eight volumes published in 1975–6. This increase in size reflected the rapid advances in knowledge in the then relatively new field of molecular biology. The 4th edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology was published in 2010 with the goal of retaining material from the previous editions as well as incorporating some new material. It is intended that current Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology be a companion volume to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics—a single volume readyreference work that will find a home on the bookshelves of biochemists and molecular biologists everywhere. We have retained material from the fourth edition as well as including a large amount of material from the third edition. It is recognized that some of this material is dated but it was our intent to convert this material to electronic copy with the goal of revising such for the 6th edition. We do not expect to go back again to previous volumes for additional material. It is intended that the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology serve as repository of data on the properties of biochemicals and it is not intended to serve as textbook. As such, some exciting areas of molecular biology are not included. There is comfort in that such work is extensively covered in other reviews. The advent of electronic media allows for more frequent updating and it is hoped that any infelicities in our selection may be readily rectified. Additionally, suggestions on new topics for this Handbook and notification of errors are always appreciated. Address all comments to Editor, Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44931266" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6c8513ad8b2c3ee375a95cfe883774d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65457191,"asset_id":44931266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65457191/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="183445826" rel="nofollow" href="https://wesleyan.academia.edu/YudistiraDonckers">Yudistira Donckers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="183445826" type="text/json">{"id":183445826,"first_name":"Yudistira","last_name":"Donckers","domain_name":"wesleyan","page_name":"YudistiraDonckers","display_name":"Yudistira Donckers","profile_url":"https://wesleyan.academia.edu/YudistiraDonckers?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44931266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44931266"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44931266, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44931266", }); 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The first edition was published as a single volume in 1968 under the guidance of Herbert Sober. The second edition appeared in 1970 and the third, with Gerald Fasman as editor, appeared in eight volumes published in 1975–6. This increase in size reflected the rapid advances in knowledge in the then relatively new field of molecular biology. The 4th edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology was published in 2010 with the goal of retaining material from the previous editions as well as incorporating some new material. It is intended that current Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology be a companion volume to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics—a single volume readyreference work that will find a home on the bookshelves of biochemists and molecular biologists everywhere. We have retained material from the fourth edition as well as including a large amount of material from the third edition. It is recognized that some of this material is dated but it was our intent to convert this material to electronic copy with the goal of revising such for the 6th edition. We do not expect to go back again to previous volumes for additional material. It is intended that the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology serve as repository of data on the properties of biochemicals and it is not intended to serve as textbook. As such, some exciting areas of molecular biology are not included. There is comfort in that such work is extensively covered in other reviews. The advent of electronic media allows for more frequent updating and it is hoped that any infelicities in our selection may be readily rectified. Additionally, suggestions on new topics for this Handbook and notification of errors are always appreciated. Address all comments to Editor, Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Taylor \u0026 Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65457191,"asset_id":44931266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183445826,"first_name":"Yudistira","last_name":"Donckers","domain_name":"wesleyan","page_name":"YudistiraDonckers","display_name":"Yudistira Donckers","profile_url":"https://wesleyan.academia.edu/YudistiraDonckers?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13144145" data-work_id="13144145" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13144145/Replication_in_prokaryotes"> Replication in prokaryotes </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13144145" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="38336a13a2523a3bda3ec4d4939c3efa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37959307,"asset_id":13144145,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37959307/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6108536" href="https://tvuni.academia.edu/mvinayagam">magendira mani vinayagam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6108536" type="text/json">{"id":6108536,"first_name":"magendira mani","last_name":"vinayagam","domain_name":"tvuni","page_name":"mvinayagam","display_name":"magendira mani vinayagam","profile_url":"https://tvuni.academia.edu/mvinayagam?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6108536/2552235/16269571/s65_magendira_mani.vinayagam.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13144145 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13144145"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13144145, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13144145", }); 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Administration of phenylhydrazine mainly causes haematotoxicity which leads to the haemolytic anemia. In mammals PHZ induced anemia increased... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6700801" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), a potent chemical causes toxicity on various tissues at various levels. Administration of phenylhydrazine mainly causes haematotoxicity which leads to the haemolytic anemia. In mammals PHZ induced anemia increased the iron absorption in spleen, liver and duodenum and finally iron metabolism was altered. Local demand and supply of Fe would increase erythropoeitic activity of the spleen so the size of spleen was increased that create the splenomegaly. PHZ induced anemia activate immune response which triggers phagocytosis in the spleen and liver. Apart from this administration of PHZ interfere the binding of erythropoietin (EPO) with erythropoietin receptors (EPOR) so that JAK-STAT would be affected.PHZ also showed genotoxic effect by creating single strand DNA damage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6700801" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9845a289a77e0c42cbdc1b4934b76b32" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33423749,"asset_id":6700801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33423749/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6882299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ajpctorg">Am Jour of Phytomed & Clinical Therapeut</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6882299" type="text/json">{"id":6882299,"first_name":"Am Jour of Phytomed","last_name":"\u0026 Clinical Therapeut","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ajpctorg","display_name":"Am Jour of Phytomed \u0026 Clinical Therapeut","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ajpctorg?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6882299/2735031/6716662/s65_am_jour_of_phytomed._clinical_therapeut.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6700801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6700801"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6700801, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6700801", }); 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Administration of phenylhydrazine mainly causes haematotoxicity which leads to the haemolytic anemia. In mammals PHZ induced anemia increased the iron absorption in spleen, liver and duodenum and finally iron metabolism was altered. Local demand and supply of Fe would increase erythropoeitic activity of the spleen so the size of spleen was increased that create the splenomegaly. PHZ induced anemia activate immune response which triggers phagocytosis in the spleen and liver. Apart from this administration of PHZ interfere the binding of erythropoietin (EPO) with erythropoietin receptors (EPOR) so that JAK-STAT would be affected.PHZ also showed genotoxic effect by creating single strand DNA damage.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33423749,"asset_id":6700801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6882299,"first_name":"Am Jour of Phytomed","last_name":"\u0026 Clinical Therapeut","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ajpctorg","display_name":"Am Jour of Phytomed \u0026 Clinical Therapeut","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ajpctorg?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6882299/2735031/6716662/s65_am_jour_of_phytomed._clinical_therapeut.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":501,"name":"Atomic, Molecular, And Optical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Molecular_And_Optical_Physics?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":513,"name":"Molecular 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A prepared physicist can undoubtedly infer particle properties by dissecting its construction and assess its useful gatherings. To... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49205777" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Images of Molecules are broadly used to foresee atom properties in educating and synthetic exploration. A prepared physicist can undoubtedly infer particle properties by dissecting its construction and assess its useful gatherings. To foresee, for instance, the water dissolvability of a natural compound a scientist would instinctively tally the number of polar gatherings, think about the size of the molecule, and gauge the water/atom communication by tallying the quantity of H straightforwardly available highlights ought to give sufficient data to anticipate the atom's design subordinate properties. To help this postulation, image learning is utilized and assessed in this work. At long last properties of new molecule produced utilizing deep learning were anticipated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49205777" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e272bd92a5a743c9deaa17b5942abbd3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67593154,"asset_id":49205777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67593154/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50335348" rel="nofollow" href="https://iiitb.academia.edu/IRJCSInternationalResearchJournalofComputerScience">IRJCS: : International Research Journal of Computer Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50335348" type="text/json">{"id":50335348,"first_name":"IRJCS:","last_name":"International Research Journal of Computer Science","domain_name":"iiitb","page_name":"IRJCSInternationalResearchJournalofComputerScience","display_name":"IRJCS: : International Research Journal of Computer Science","profile_url":"https://iiitb.academia.edu/IRJCSInternationalResearchJournalofComputerScience?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50335348/13242592/35131027/s65_irjcs_.international_research_journal_of_computer_science.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49205777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49205777"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49205777, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49205777", }); 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A prepared physicist can undoubtedly infer particle properties by dissecting its construction and assess its useful gatherings. To foresee, for instance, the water dissolvability of a natural compound a scientist would instinctively tally the number of polar gatherings, think about the size of the molecule, and gauge the water/atom communication by tallying the quantity of H straightforwardly available highlights ought to give sufficient data to anticipate the atom's design subordinate properties. To help this postulation, image learning is utilized and assessed in this work. 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Using machine learning, we will be able to conduct drug analysis and comparison. In this lab, we will be focussing on performing Descriptor Calculation and Exploratory Data... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72512880" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Second of a five part series on computational drug discovery. Using machine learning, we will be able to conduct drug analysis and comparison. In this lab, we will be focussing on performing Descriptor Calculation and Exploratory Data Analysis using bioactivity data extracted from ChEMBL Database.<br /><br />Credits to: Chanin Nantasenamat (Data Professor)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72512880" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad132a24732e81d683fc89072e2e64d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81411078,"asset_id":72512880,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81411078/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="213460215" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TanJiaYiEllyssa">Tan Jia Yi Ellyssa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="213460215" type="text/json">{"id":213460215,"first_name":"Tan","last_name":"Jia Yi Ellyssa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TanJiaYiEllyssa","display_name":"Tan Jia Yi Ellyssa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TanJiaYiEllyssa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/213460215/72341313/60804247/s65_tan.jia_yi_ellyssa.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72512880 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72512880"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72512880, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72512880", }); 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Using machine learning, we will be able to conduct drug analysis and comparison. In this lab, we will be focussing on performing Descriptor Calculation and Exploratory Data Analysis using bioactivity data extracted from ChEMBL Database.\n\nCredits to: Chanin Nantasenamat (Data Professor)\n ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81411078,"asset_id":72512880,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":213460215,"first_name":"Tan","last_name":"Jia Yi Ellyssa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TanJiaYiEllyssa","display_name":"Tan Jia Yi Ellyssa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TanJiaYiEllyssa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/213460215/72341313/60804247/s65_tan.jia_yi_ellyssa.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":146,"name":"Bioinformatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioinformatics?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":530,"name":"Inorganic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inorganic_Chemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":10005,"name":"Applications of Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applications_of_Machine_Learning?f_ri=602219"},{"id":10640,"name":"Drug Discovery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery?f_ri=602219"},{"id":32701,"name":"Data Mining in Bioinformatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining_in_Bioinformatics?f_ri=602219"},{"id":34344,"name":"Data mining (Data Analysis)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_mining_Data_Analysis_?f_ri=602219"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=602219"},{"id":98571,"name":"Bioinformatics and Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioinformatics_and_Biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":107104,"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry_and_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":150688,"name":"Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioinformatics_Computational_and_Systems_Biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42169726" data-work_id="42169726" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42169726/PREPARACI%C3%93N_Y_ESTERILIZACI%C3%93N_DE_MATERIALES_Y_MEDIOS_DE_CULTIVO">PREPARACIÓN Y ESTERILIZACIÓN DE MATERIALES Y MEDIOS DE CULTIVO</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El objetivo de practica que se realizo fue hecha para la obtencion de hongos, bacterias y levaduras en los cultivos. esta practica se realizo en un pequeño laboratorio dentro de la institucion en la cual se trabajo con dos diferentes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42169726" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El objetivo de practica que se realizo fue hecha para la obtencion de hongos, bacterias y levaduras en los cultivos. esta practica se realizo en un pequeño laboratorio dentro de la institucion en la cual se trabajo con dos diferentes tipos de Agares; Agar nutritivo y Agar papa dextrosa, para llevar acabo se realizo el experimento en una zona esceptica en la cual se realizo cuidadosamente en caldo y se vacio en las cajas preti, se dejo unos minutos para que se gelificara. posteriormente esperamos unos dias y nuestros cultivos que obtuvimos los dejamos en diferentes lugares para obtener dichos hongos, bacterias y levaduras. nuestros resultados fueron soprendentes, hubieron muchos organismos que estaba cubierta la cepa. se observo la importancia de trabajar en lugar esceptico y en un lugar donde no hay cuidado alguno. Palabras Clave: Esterilización, Medio de Cultivo, Autoclave I. INTRODUCCIÓN Un medio de cultivo está constituido por una mezcla de agua y sustancias que en conjunto proporcionan los requerimientos nutricionales para el desarrollo de los mi-croorganismos. La composición de los medios de cultivo varía en función del grupo microbiano que se pretende estudiar, y la preparación del medio depende de la com-plejidad química (composición), el estado físico y otras condiciones requeridas (pH, concentración, etc.). Para el estudio de los microorganismos es indispensable contar entre otras cosas con material y medios de cul-tivo estériles. En Microbiología la esterilización se define como "el proceso mediante el cual se eliminan todos los microorganismos (incluyendo formas de resistencia) de un objeto, medio o superficie" y su aplicacion garantiza la ausencia de microorganismos en el material y medios de cultivo a ser empleados. Existen diversos métodos de esterilización, entre ellos: calor (seco o húmedo), fil-tración (para sustancias termolábiles y aire), radiaciones y aplicación de gas de oxido de etileno (para jeringas y cajas de plástico). "Por su minúsculo tamaño, los microorganismos no pueden estudiarse como individuos, sino que es necesario manejarlo como población. Para ello es necesario cul-tivarlos, es decir favorecer su multiplicación in vitro, en ambientes especiales que proporcionen las condiciones se-mejantes a las de sus hábitats naturales. En estos ambi-entes se debe eliminar a todos aquellos microorganismos que interfieran en el estudio del microorganismo de in-terés, al que además se le deben proporcionar los nutri-entes necesarios para su crecimiento y multiplicación. En esta práctica aprenderemos el concepto de esterilización, los métodos para su realización y control; así como las características y preparación de algunos métodos de cul-tivo"(Chávez, García, 1999, p. 48) ⇤ escobar <a href="mailto:bioquim99@hotmail.com" rel="nofollow">bioquim99@hotmail.com</a> II. METODOLOGÍA-Limpieza de material de vidrio: Se lavó el material preparando una solucioón jabonosa, la cual posterior-mente se enjuagó con abundante agua y agua destilada, para despúes dejar secar.-Preparación de pipetas y material de vidrio: Se re-alizarón pequeños tapones de algodón para las pipetas, se realizarón tiras de papel destraza (5x50 cm), se en-volvió cada pipeta con la tira de papel, cuidando que esta quede bien protegida, y se etiquetó para determinar fácilmente el volumen de cada uno, se introdujo en un porta pipetas (en caso de no contar con portapipetas, se puede sustituir con papel aluminio).-Esterilización por calor seco (horno): Se colocó el porta pipetas dentro del horno de esterilización a una temperatura de 150 a 180 º C durante 2 horas, posterior-mente se dejó enfriar y se retiró el material hasta alcanzar la temperatura ambiente.-Preparación de medios de cultivo: Se prepararón 5 cajas petri con medio Agar Nutritívo (AN) y 5 cajas petri con medio Papa Dextrosa Agar (PDA) FIG. 1. Vaciado del medio en las cajas petri.(Agar Nutritivo y Agar papa Dextrosa Se deben cuidar ciertas especificaciones, tales como: Analizar el pH del agua (destilada o purificada), y en caso necesario ajustar el pH a 7. Los medios que contiene agar deben calentarse, mezclándolos suavemente hasta ebullición, cuidando que no se derrame.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42169726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f83db83a2b257b79752df11d8835fa94" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62310000,"asset_id":42169726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62310000/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="101380393" href="https://ittuxtlagutierrez.academia.edu/RolandoEscobar">Rolando Escobar Rivera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="101380393" type="text/json">{"id":101380393,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Escobar Rivera","domain_name":"ittuxtlagutierrez","page_name":"RolandoEscobar","display_name":"Rolando Escobar Rivera","profile_url":"https://ittuxtlagutierrez.academia.edu/RolandoEscobar?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101380393/27668145/33395801/s65_rolando.escobar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42169726 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42169726"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42169726, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42169726", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42169726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42169726").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42169726").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42169726"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry">Molecular Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18491" type="text/json">{"id":18491,"name":"Molecular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78046" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioquimica">Bioquimica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78046" type="text/json">{"id":78046,"name":"Bioquimica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioquimica?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305236" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calidad_del_Laboratorio_Clinico">Calidad del Laboratorio Clínico</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="305236" type="text/json">{"id":305236,"name":"Calidad del Laboratorio Clínico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calidad_del_Laboratorio_Clinico?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42169726]'), work: {"id":42169726,"title":"PREPARACIÓN Y ESTERILIZACIÓN DE MATERIALES Y MEDIOS DE CULTIVO","created_at":"2020-03-08T12:03:43.204-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42169726/PREPARACI%C3%93N_Y_ESTERILIZACI%C3%93N_DE_MATERIALES_Y_MEDIOS_DE_CULTIVO?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_42169726","summary":"El objetivo de practica que se realizo fue hecha para la obtencion de hongos, bacterias y levaduras en los cultivos. esta practica se realizo en un pequeño laboratorio dentro de la institucion en la cual se trabajo con dos diferentes tipos de Agares; Agar nutritivo y Agar papa dextrosa, para llevar acabo se realizo el experimento en una zona esceptica en la cual se realizo cuidadosamente en caldo y se vacio en las cajas preti, se dejo unos minutos para que se gelificara. posteriormente esperamos unos dias y nuestros cultivos que obtuvimos los dejamos en diferentes lugares para obtener dichos hongos, bacterias y levaduras. nuestros resultados fueron soprendentes, hubieron muchos organismos que estaba cubierta la cepa. se observo la importancia de trabajar en lugar esceptico y en un lugar donde no hay cuidado alguno. Palabras Clave: Esterilización, Medio de Cultivo, Autoclave I. INTRODUCCIÓN Un medio de cultivo está constituido por una mezcla de agua y sustancias que en conjunto proporcionan los requerimientos nutricionales para el desarrollo de los mi-croorganismos. La composición de los medios de cultivo varía en función del grupo microbiano que se pretende estudiar, y la preparación del medio depende de la com-plejidad química (composición), el estado físico y otras condiciones requeridas (pH, concentración, etc.). Para el estudio de los microorganismos es indispensable contar entre otras cosas con material y medios de cul-tivo estériles. En Microbiología la esterilización se define como \"el proceso mediante el cual se eliminan todos los microorganismos (incluyendo formas de resistencia) de un objeto, medio o superficie\" y su aplicacion garantiza la ausencia de microorganismos en el material y medios de cultivo a ser empleados. Existen diversos métodos de esterilización, entre ellos: calor (seco o húmedo), fil-tración (para sustancias termolábiles y aire), radiaciones y aplicación de gas de oxido de etileno (para jeringas y cajas de plástico). \"Por su minúsculo tamaño, los microorganismos no pueden estudiarse como individuos, sino que es necesario manejarlo como población. Para ello es necesario cul-tivarlos, es decir favorecer su multiplicación in vitro, en ambientes especiales que proporcionen las condiciones se-mejantes a las de sus hábitats naturales. En estos ambi-entes se debe eliminar a todos aquellos microorganismos que interfieran en el estudio del microorganismo de in-terés, al que además se le deben proporcionar los nutri-entes necesarios para su crecimiento y multiplicación. En esta práctica aprenderemos el concepto de esterilización, los métodos para su realización y control; así como las características y preparación de algunos métodos de cul-tivo\"(Chávez, García, 1999, p. 48) ⇤ escobar bioquim99@hotmail.com II. METODOLOGÍA-Limpieza de material de vidrio: Se lavó el material preparando una solucioón jabonosa, la cual posterior-mente se enjuagó con abundante agua y agua destilada, para despúes dejar secar.-Preparación de pipetas y material de vidrio: Se re-alizarón pequeños tapones de algodón para las pipetas, se realizarón tiras de papel destraza (5x50 cm), se en-volvió cada pipeta con la tira de papel, cuidando que esta quede bien protegida, y se etiquetó para determinar fácilmente el volumen de cada uno, se introdujo en un porta pipetas (en caso de no contar con portapipetas, se puede sustituir con papel aluminio).-Esterilización por calor seco (horno): Se colocó el porta pipetas dentro del horno de esterilización a una temperatura de 150 a 180 º C durante 2 horas, posterior-mente se dejó enfriar y se retiró el material hasta alcanzar la temperatura ambiente.-Preparación de medios de cultivo: Se prepararón 5 cajas petri con medio Agar Nutritívo (AN) y 5 cajas petri con medio Papa Dextrosa Agar (PDA) FIG. 1. Vaciado del medio en las cajas petri.(Agar Nutritivo y Agar papa Dextrosa Se deben cuidar ciertas especificaciones, tales como: Analizar el pH del agua (destilada o purificada), y en caso necesario ajustar el pH a 7. Los medios que contiene agar deben calentarse, mezclándolos suavemente hasta ebullición, cuidando que no se derrame.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62310000,"asset_id":42169726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":101380393,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Escobar Rivera","domain_name":"ittuxtlagutierrez","page_name":"RolandoEscobar","display_name":"Rolando Escobar Rivera","profile_url":"https://ittuxtlagutierrez.academia.edu/RolandoEscobar?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101380393/27668145/33395801/s65_rolando.escobar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":18491,"name":"Molecular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":78046,"name":"Bioquimica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioquimica?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":305236,"name":"Calidad del Laboratorio Clínico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calidad_del_Laboratorio_Clinico?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":495702,"name":"Quimica Y Biologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quimica_Y_Biologia?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45381502" data-work_id="45381502" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45381502/LAPORAN_PRAKTIKUM_BIOKIMIA_UJI_KUALITATIF_DAN_KUANTITATIF_KARBOHIDRAT_PADA_SAMPEL_AIR_NANAS">LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM BIOKIMIA UJI KUALITATIF DAN KUANTITATIF KARBOHIDRAT PADA SAMPEL AIR NANAS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Ini hanya laporan praktikum biasa yang dibuat dengan tinjauan pustaka, karena ini tahun 2021 kondisi sedang pandemi, semoga membantu anda dalam hal referensi anda mengerjakan partikum dengan tema serupa :)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45381502" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86596cbdc84e16dab3aa7c374fa6acf4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65907700,"asset_id":45381502,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65907700/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="107177185" href="https://upi.academia.edu/DadangRamadhan">Dadang Ramadhan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="107177185" type="text/json">{"id":107177185,"first_name":"Dadang","last_name":"Ramadhan","domain_name":"upi","page_name":"DadangRamadhan","display_name":"Dadang Ramadhan","profile_url":"https://upi.academia.edu/DadangRamadhan?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/107177185/24808503/23763296/s65_dadang.ramadhan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45381502 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45381502"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45381502, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45381502", }); 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The previously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62030776" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As of today (November 30, 2021), the Delta variant remains the world's most prevalent mutation of the original SARS-CoV-2 virus first identified in January 2020 that is responsible for the global COViD-19 pandemic. <br /> <br />The previously named B.1.1.529 variant now known as the Omicron variant was first reported by South African scientists on 9 November 2021 and then quickly visualized (see image below) by researchers at the Bambino Gesu hospital in Rome. This does not mean that the variant necessarily first arose in South Africa. Variants can also arise independently and spontaneously in multiple locations. <br /> <br />On November 26, the WHO designated the Omicron variant a variant of concern (VOC) subject to special reporting and investigation. The Omicron variant is the most mutated form of SARS-CoV-2 yet sequenced.  <download to read more></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62030776" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00108158ab35cbb7177c876c4c9a70a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75421083,"asset_id":62030776,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75421083/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="699868" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/KLeeLerner">K. 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This does not mean that the variant necessarily first arose in South Africa. Variants can also arise independently and spontaneously in multiple locations.\r\n\r\nOn November 26, the WHO designated the Omicron variant a variant of concern (VOC) subject to special reporting and investigation. The Omicron variant is the most mutated form of SARS-CoV-2 yet sequenced. \u003cdownload to read more\u003e\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75421083,"asset_id":62030776,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":699868,"first_name":"K. Lee","last_name":"Lerner","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"KLeeLerner","display_name":"K. 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Alianzar","last_name":"Nichollas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlianzarHimawan","display_name":"Muhamad Himawan Alianzar Nichollas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlianzarHimawan?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/107120149/32256093/38242098/s65_alianzar.himawan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31904714" data-work_id="31904714" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31904714/Effet_de_lam%C3%A9lioration_du_contr%C3%B4le_glyc%C3%A9mique_sur_la_concentration_s%C3%A9rique_dadiponectine_dans_une_population_Camerounaise_de_patients_diab%C3%A9tiques_de_type_2">Effet de l'amélioration du contrôle glycémique sur la concentration sérique d'adiponectine dans une population Camerounaise de patients diabétiques de type 2</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Adiponectin, an adipose-specific secretory protein, appears to play an important role in the hyperglycemia and dyslypidemia commonly observed in type 2 diabetic patients. In the present study, the effect of improving glycemic control with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31904714" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Adiponectin, an adipose-specific secretory protein, appears to play an important role in the hyperglycemia and dyslypidemia commonly observed in type 2 diabetic patients. In the<br />present study, the effect of improving glycemic control with appropriate therapeutic education on circulating adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients in a Cameroonian population was examined.<br />  Patients enrolled in this study were those who participated in the project entitled “Increasing Access to HbA1c Measurement in Sub-Saharan Africa” which took place between July 2009 and December 2010 in Cameroon and Guinea Conakry. The aim was to determine whether tight glycemic control with appropriate education only, without any drug intervention can have a significant effect on the prognosis of diabetes. Thus, 19 men paired to 19 women by age, having type 2 diabetes for about a year, who had improved on their glycemic control by at least 1 point of percentage and were followed-up at the National Obesity Centre of Yaoundé were selected from the data base of the project by convenient non probability sampling. The sera of these patients, collected at the inclusion and 12 months later<br />respectively were used to evaluate the circulating level of adiponectin by the sandwich ELISA method and lipid profile parametres were measured using an enzymatic-colorimetric method.<br /> The study population consisted of 38 type 2 diabetic patients with a mean age of 59 years (SD: 9 years) and a median duration of diabetes of 7 years (IQR: 5-11 years). At baseline, the<br />median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 10.4 % (IQR: 7.5-11.9). After 12 months of follow-up, this median level of HbA1c was 6.6 % (IQR: 5.8-7.5). On the otherhand, baseline<br />Adiponectin levels were 1.53 µg/mL (IQR: 1.14-2.08) in men and 2.45 µg/mL (IQR: 1.69 - 2.82) in women. After 12 months of follow-up, a decrease of HbA1c level was associated to<br />the increase level of adiponectin in men (1.53 µg/mL (IQR: 1.14-2.08) to 2.36 µg/mL (IQR: 1.76-3.39) (p= 0.003)) and in women (2.45 µg/mL (IQR: 1.69-2.82) to 2.46 µg/mL (IQR: 1.56-3.06) (p= 0.8)). In this study, we also observed changes in certain lipid profile parametres characterized by decrease in triglyceride levels from 1.75 g/L (IQR: 1.46-1.93) to 1.43 g/L (IQR: 1.33-1.63) in women (p= 0.004) and total cholesterol from 1.79 g/L (DIQ:<br />1.58-1.98) to 1.58 g/L (DIQ: 1.43-1.169) in men (p= 0.002).<br /> In conclusion, this study shows that improving glycemic control in the study population is associated to the increase in adiponectin levels; suggesting an etiopathologic relationship between diabetes control and adiponectin.<br />Key-words: Type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, adiponectin, HbA1c, ELISA.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31904714" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db6ff2e265ee672da4f9f18bf9c44c0a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52187983,"asset_id":31904714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52187983/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61662995" href="https://uyi-uninet.academia.edu/FEUTSEUCHARLY">FEUTSEU CHARLY</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61662995" type="text/json">{"id":61662995,"first_name":"FEUTSEU","last_name":"CHARLY","domain_name":"uyi-uninet","page_name":"FEUTSEUCHARLY","display_name":"FEUTSEU CHARLY","profile_url":"https://uyi-uninet.academia.edu/FEUTSEUCHARLY?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31904714 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31904714"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31904714, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31904714", }); 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In the\npresent study, the effect of improving glycemic control with appropriate therapeutic education on circulating adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients in a Cameroonian population was examined.\n Patients enrolled in this study were those who participated in the project entitled “Increasing Access to HbA1c Measurement in Sub-Saharan Africa” which took place between July 2009 and December 2010 in Cameroon and Guinea Conakry. The aim was to determine whether tight glycemic control with appropriate education only, without any drug intervention can have a significant effect on the prognosis of diabetes. Thus, 19 men paired to 19 women by age, having type 2 diabetes for about a year, who had improved on their glycemic control by at least 1 point of percentage and were followed-up at the National Obesity Centre of Yaoundé were selected from the data base of the project by convenient non probability sampling. The sera of these patients, collected at the inclusion and 12 months later\nrespectively were used to evaluate the circulating level of adiponectin by the sandwich ELISA method and lipid profile parametres were measured using an enzymatic-colorimetric method.\n The study population consisted of 38 type 2 diabetic patients with a mean age of 59 years (SD: 9 years) and a median duration of diabetes of 7 years (IQR: 5-11 years). At baseline, the\nmedian glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 10.4 % (IQR: 7.5-11.9). After 12 months of follow-up, this median level of HbA1c was 6.6 % (IQR: 5.8-7.5). On the otherhand, baseline\nAdiponectin levels were 1.53 µg/mL (IQR: 1.14-2.08) in men and 2.45 µg/mL (IQR: 1.69 - 2.82) in women. After 12 months of follow-up, a decrease of HbA1c level was associated to\nthe increase level of adiponectin in men (1.53 µg/mL (IQR: 1.14-2.08) to 2.36 µg/mL (IQR: 1.76-3.39) (p= 0.003)) and in women (2.45 µg/mL (IQR: 1.69-2.82) to 2.46 µg/mL (IQR: 1.56-3.06) (p= 0.8)). In this study, we also observed changes in certain lipid profile parametres characterized by decrease in triglyceride levels from 1.75 g/L (IQR: 1.46-1.93) to 1.43 g/L (IQR: 1.33-1.63) in women (p= 0.004) and total cholesterol from 1.79 g/L (DIQ:\n1.58-1.98) to 1.58 g/L (DIQ: 1.43-1.169) in men (p= 0.002).\n In conclusion, this study shows that improving glycemic control in the study population is associated to the increase in adiponectin levels; suggesting an etiopathologic relationship between diabetes control and adiponectin.\nKey-words: Type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, adiponectin, HbA1c, ELISA.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52187983,"asset_id":31904714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61662995,"first_name":"FEUTSEU","last_name":"CHARLY","domain_name":"uyi-uninet","page_name":"FEUTSEUCHARLY","display_name":"FEUTSEU CHARLY","profile_url":"https://uyi-uninet.academia.edu/FEUTSEUCHARLY?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9046726" data-work_id="9046726" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/9046726/ABC_OF_CLINICAL_HAEMATOLOGY_Second_Edition">ABC OF CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY Second Edition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As with most medical specialties, haematology has seen major changes since this book was first published in 1998. We now have greater understanding of the molecular biology of many diseases, both malignant and non-malignant. This new... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9046726" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As with most medical specialties, haematology has seen major changes since this book was first published in 1998.<br />We now have greater understanding of the molecular biology of many diseases, both malignant and non-malignant. This new<br />knowledge has helped us to develop more sensitive assays for many conditions, and has been taken into the clinic, with the<br />engineering of new drugs, such as STI571 used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia, amongst others.<br />As with the first edition, the intention has been to encompass all aspects of haematology but with perhaps a greater emphasis on<br />basic science than previously. Readers will note that the writing team is almost identical to that for the first edition, which provides<br />continuity of style.<br />I would like to express my gratitude to all my haematology colleagues for updating their sections and bringing the entire text up<br />to date. Key reading lists are provided for all topics for those wishing to read about haematology in greater detail. Thanks must also<br />go to the BMJ and in particular Mary Banks, Senior Commissioning Editor, and Sally Carter, Development Editor, who have been<br />key players in the development of the second edition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9046726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2787244" href="https://2346.academia.edu/AbdulrahmanBello">Abdulrahman Bello (DVM, MSc, PhD)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2787244" type="text/json">{"id":2787244,"first_name":"Abdulrahman","last_name":"Bello (DVM, MSc, PhD)","domain_name":"2346","page_name":"AbdulrahmanBello","display_name":"Abdulrahman Bello (DVM, MSc, PhD)","profile_url":"https://2346.academia.edu/AbdulrahmanBello?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2787244/912743/14886587/s65_abdulrahman.bello.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9046726 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9046726"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9046726, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9046726", }); 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This new\nknowledge has helped us to develop more sensitive assays for many conditions, and has been taken into the clinic, with the\nengineering of new drugs, such as STI571 used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia, amongst others.\nAs with the first edition, the intention has been to encompass all aspects of haematology but with perhaps a greater emphasis on\nbasic science than previously. Readers will note that the writing team is almost identical to that for the first edition, which provides\ncontinuity of style.\nI would like to express my gratitude to all my haematology colleagues for updating their sections and bringing the entire text up\nto date. Key reading lists are provided for all topics for those wishing to read about haematology in greater detail. Thanks must also\ngo to the BMJ and in particular Mary Banks, Senior Commissioning Editor, and Sally Carter, Development Editor, who have been\nkey players in the development of the second edition.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2787244,"first_name":"Abdulrahman","last_name":"Bello (DVM, MSc, PhD)","domain_name":"2346","page_name":"AbdulrahmanBello","display_name":"Abdulrahman Bello (DVM, MSc, PhD)","profile_url":"https://2346.academia.edu/AbdulrahmanBello?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2787244/912743/14886587/s65_abdulrahman.bello.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":167,"name":"Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":593,"name":"Physiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiotherapy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":657,"name":"Veterinary Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Medicine?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1517,"name":"Exercise Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise_Physiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1906,"name":"Veterinary Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Pathology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science?f_ri=602219"},{"id":3790,"name":"Anatolian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatolian_Archaeology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":5971,"name":"Human Anatomy (Biological Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Anatomy_Biological_Anthropology_?f_ri=602219"},{"id":6487,"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Epidemiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":12150,"name":"Bioprocess/ Biochemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioprocess_Biochemical_Engineering?f_ri=602219"},{"id":13744,"name":"Molecular Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Microbiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":14034,"name":"Clinical Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":18491,"name":"Molecular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":19632,"name":"Molecular Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Genetics?f_ri=602219"},{"id":31863,"name":"Fish Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Physiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":35414,"name":"Veterinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary?f_ri=602219"},{"id":41745,"name":"Pharmaceutics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutics?f_ri=602219"},{"id":41749,"name":"Genetic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Engineering?f_ri=602219"},{"id":43294,"name":"Veterinary Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Science?f_ri=602219"},{"id":54589,"name":"Anatomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatomy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":57461,"name":"Plant Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":107104,"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry_and_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":196448,"name":"Medicina Veterinaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicina_Veterinaria?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1019147,"name":"Analysis of Pigments on Ancient Artifacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Pigments_on_Ancient_Artifacts?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62346131" data-work_id="62346131" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62346131/CALL_FOR_PAPERS_International_Conference_of_Multidisciplinary_and_Interdisciplinary_Bioscience_MIBIO_2022_">CALL FOR PAPERS - 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Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Bioscience Research has been stressed for explicit scientific advancements.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62346131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">(MIBIO 2022) will provide Biological Sciences Research remains the ubiquitous realm in better human health and well being. Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Bioscience Research has been stressed for explicit scientific advancements. Impact publications for a wider outreach are ascertained. MIBIO 2022 represents the launch-pad forum for researchers, biologists, students, Scientists and Physicians in peer-reviewed podium encompassing Biological Sciences. The conference takes pleasure in inviting your peer Research for a fantabulous realm of rapport in the arena of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Life sciences. The area offers discussions with biomedical and environment impact assessors. This allows you to enlighten, enrich and rejuvenate the multitude of oneness in biological sciences The wide realms of research addressing any of the significant developments in the abovementioned broad areas are welcome. The conference invites researchers to submit in the pivotal areas of publication interests.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62346131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ba54c0ca8795135c5590a2b37f892859" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81379066,"asset_id":62346131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81379066/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26098021" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IjbesJournal">International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Science (IJBES)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26098021" type="text/json">{"id":26098021,"first_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Science","last_name":"(IJBES)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IjbesJournal","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Science (IJBES)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IjbesJournal?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26098021/7169581/19804205/s65_international_journal_of_biomedical_engineering_and_science._ijbes_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62346131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62346131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62346131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62346131", }); 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Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Bioscience Research has been stressed for explicit scientific advancements. Impact publications for a wider outreach are ascertained. MIBIO 2022 represents the launch-pad forum for researchers, biologists, students, Scientists and Physicians in peer-reviewed podium encompassing Biological Sciences. The conference takes pleasure in inviting your peer Research for a fantabulous realm of rapport in the arena of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary Life sciences. The area offers discussions with biomedical and environment impact assessors. This allows you to enlighten, enrich and rejuvenate the multitude of oneness in biological sciences The wide realms of research addressing any of the significant developments in the abovementioned broad areas are welcome. The conference invites researchers to submit in the pivotal areas of publication interests.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81379066,"asset_id":62346131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26098021,"first_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Science","last_name":"(IJBES)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IjbesJournal","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Science 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Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioinformatics_and_Biotechnology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":115041,"name":"Biosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosciences?f_ri=602219"},{"id":150688,"name":"Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioinformatics_Computational_and_Systems_Biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35719504" data-work_id="35719504" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35719504/Certificate_of_Excellence_in_Reviewing_The_5th_Virtual_Multidisciplinary_Conference_QUAESTI_2017_">Certificate of Excellence in Reviewing - The 5th Virtual Multidisciplinary Conference (QUAESTI 2017)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Certificate of Excellence in Reviewing - The 5th Virtual Multidisciplinary Conference (QUAESTI 2017)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35719504" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dfc66237ecfa9ec535cc249efceb087e" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/10359736/PRELIMINARY_IDENTIFICATION_OF_ACETIC_ACID_BACTERIA_ISOLATED_FROM_RWANDAN_TRADITIONAL_FERMENTED_MILK_PRODUCTS">PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM RWANDAN TRADITIONAL FERMENTED MILK PRODUCTS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fermented milk products like sour milk (Ikivuguto), cheese, ghee, butter, yogurt and butter milk (Amacunda), are traditional widely produced in Rwanda. However no detailed studies were done to identify microorganisms involved in Rwandan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10359736" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fermented milk products like sour milk (Ikivuguto), cheese, ghee, butter, yogurt and butter milk (Amacunda), are traditional widely produced in Rwanda. However no detailed studies were done to identify microorganisms involved in Rwandan traditional Fermented milk products. It was reported that Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) is also involved in traditional milk products fermentation. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize AAB by performing preliminary identification. Catalase test, Oxidase test, Gram stain and microscopic identification were done to 5 different samples of Rwandan traditional fermented milk products, collected from 5 different places in Rwanda. Glucose yeast extract CaCO3 (GYC) media was used for the isolation of the bacteria. Only 40% of the samples used, showed growth of the bacteria to GYC media. 10 well isolated colonies were selected to be analyzed. 100% of selected and analyzed colonies were Catalase positive, Oxidase negative, gram negative and ellipsoidal to rod shaped by morphology. However all isolated and identified bacteria were fulfilling AAB characteristics, preliminary identification was not sufficient to conclude that AAB was found in Rwandan traditional fermented milk products, further molecular identification study was recommended in order to confirm and determine which genera of AAB are found in Rwandan traditional fermented milk products.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10359736" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5c002c76d831c414d7ec340a82088075" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36426184,"asset_id":10359736,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36426184/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23956937" href="https://readsink.academia.edu/JeanFelixMukerabigwi">Jean Felix Mukerabigwi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23956937" type="text/json">{"id":23956937,"first_name":"Jean Felix","last_name":"Mukerabigwi","domain_name":"readsink","page_name":"JeanFelixMukerabigwi","display_name":"Jean Felix Mukerabigwi","profile_url":"https://readsink.academia.edu/JeanFelixMukerabigwi?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23956937/6949220/7837394/s65_jean_felix.mukerabigwi.jpg_oh_aa6676493a472bfdd9c2f70a13e19cec_oe_5550fd87___gda___1432185659_bbfd9687050082b7a0c25b8246325a1f"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10359736 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10359736"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10359736, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10359736", }); 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However no detailed studies were done to identify microorganisms involved in Rwandan traditional Fermented milk products. It was reported that Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) is also involved in traditional milk products fermentation. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize AAB by performing preliminary identification. Catalase test, Oxidase test, Gram stain and microscopic identification were done to 5 different samples of Rwandan traditional fermented milk products, collected from 5 different places in Rwanda. Glucose yeast extract CaCO3 (GYC) media was used for the isolation of the bacteria. Only 40% of the samples used, showed growth of the bacteria to GYC media. 10 well isolated colonies were selected to be analyzed. 100% of selected and analyzed colonies were Catalase positive, Oxidase negative, gram negative and ellipsoidal to rod shaped by morphology. However all isolated and identified bacteria were fulfilling AAB characteristics, preliminary identification was not sufficient to conclude that AAB was found in Rwandan traditional fermented milk products, further molecular identification study was recommended in order to confirm and determine which genera of AAB are found in Rwandan traditional fermented milk products.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36426184,"asset_id":10359736,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23956937,"first_name":"Jean Felix","last_name":"Mukerabigwi","domain_name":"readsink","page_name":"JeanFelixMukerabigwi","display_name":"Jean Felix Mukerabigwi","profile_url":"https://readsink.academia.edu/JeanFelixMukerabigwi?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23956937/6949220/7837394/s65_jean_felix.mukerabigwi.jpg_oh_aa6676493a472bfdd9c2f70a13e19cec_oe_5550fd87___gda___1432185659_bbfd9687050082b7a0c25b8246325a1f"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30541518 coauthored" data-work_id="30541518" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30541518/Certificate_for_Highly_Cited_Paper_from_Elsevier_Awarded_in_December_2016">Certificate for Highly Cited Paper from Elsevier Awarded in December, 2016</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Certificate for Highly Cited Paper from Elsevier Awarded in December, 2016 Name of the paper: Protective role of antioxidants on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy: Biochemical and Ultrastructural study. Dear Dr.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30541518" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Certificate for Highly Cited Paper from Elsevier Awarded in December, 2016<br />Name of the paper:<br />Protective role of antioxidants on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic<br />encephalopathy: Biochemical and Ultrastructural study.<br /><br />Dear Dr. Mustafa,<br /><br />The editors of Tissue and Cell are delighted to inform you that your paper, Protective role of antioxidants on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy: Biochemical and Ultrastructural study, published in 2013 is one of the most highly cited papers during 2014, 2015 and up until June 2016.  We would like to take this opportunity to thank you for publishing with us and to congratulate you.<br /><br />We have designed a certificate that acknowledges your achievement. <View your certificate here>.  Wherever relevant, we will promote your achievement on our social media pages.  Of course, we would like to encourage you to share your certificate to highlight your own work via your own social media pages, your website or in other appropriate ways. We would like to thank you for submitting your work to the journal, and hope that you will consider Tissue and Cell for the publication of further high quality research.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30541518" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="54f611c010a3e20610122ca34abcf468" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50985354,"asset_id":30541518,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50985354/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21972122" href="https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa">Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21972122" type="text/json">{"id":21972122,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham","last_name":"Mustafa 🩺","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"HMustafa","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21972122/6015802/7471085/s65_hesham.mustafa.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-30541518">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-30541518"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://kau.academia.edu/GehanHegazy">Gehan Hegazy</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-30541518'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-30541518').html(); 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We would like to take this opportunity to thank you for publishing with us and to congratulate you.\n\nWe have designed a certificate that acknowledges your achievement. \u003cView your certificate here\u003e. Wherever relevant, we will promote your achievement on our social media pages. Of course, we would like to encourage you to share your certificate to highlight your own work via your own social media pages, your website or in other appropriate ways. We would like to thank you for submitting your work to the journal, and hope that you will consider Tissue and Cell for the publication of further high quality research.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50985354,"asset_id":30541518,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21972122,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham","last_name":"Mustafa 🩺","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"HMustafa","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Hesham N Mustafa 🩺","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/HMustafa?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21972122/6015802/7471085/s65_hesham.mustafa.jpg"},{"id":23357095,"first_name":"Gehan","last_name":"Hegazy","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"GehanHegazy","display_name":"Gehan 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Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E.g._Biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1115412,"name":"Vector Biology \u0026 Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vector_Biology_and_Control-1?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11227531 coauthored" data-work_id="11227531" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11227531/Estimation_of_Serum_Electrolytes_in_non_Insulin_Dependent_type_2_Diabetic_Patients_in_Bangladesh">Estimation of Serum Electrolytes in non Insulin Dependent (type 2) Diabetic Patients in Bangladesh</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high glucose levels. The incidence of diabetes is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The aim of the study was to estimate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11227531" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high glucose levels. The incidence of diabetes is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The aim of the study was to estimate the electrolytes disturbance in non insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Total of 102 subjects were included in the study, out of which two groups were formed; 52 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy volunteer as controls. Biochemical analysis for Na+, K+, Cl- was performed by the Biolyte 2000 automatic electrolyte analyzer. The random glucose levels were estimated by direct enzymatic method using Randox kit. Student t-test was done to find out the difference between the two paired groups and Pearson's correlation was calculated to know the correlations between electrolytes and random glucose levels. In diabetes mellitus serum Na+ and Cl- levels were observed significantly increased (p<0.001, respectively) while K+ showed no significant (p>0.05) alterations. There was no significant correlation found between random glucose levels and electrolytes in this study. The study demonstrated significant association of Na+ and Cl- with type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, electrolytes should be measured during the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11227531" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c0260f7df71e6d9f507ef488f5751ac" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36840624,"asset_id":11227531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36840624/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23342642" href="https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen">Md. Bayejid Hosen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23342642" type="text/json">{"id":23342642,"first_name":"Md. Bayejid","last_name":"Hosen","domain_name":"univdhaka","page_name":"MdBayejidHosen","display_name":"Md. Bayejid Hosen","profile_url":"https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23342642/7381517/8298237/s65_md._bayejid.hosen.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-11227531">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-11227531"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MAshikur">M. Ashikur</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-11227531'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-11227531').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11227531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11227531"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11227531, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11227531", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11227531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11227531; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11227531"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11227531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11227531"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11227531; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11227531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11227531").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11227531").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11227531"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11227531]'), work: {"id":11227531,"title":"Estimation of Serum Electrolytes in non Insulin Dependent (type 2) Diabetic Patients in Bangladesh","created_at":"2015-03-03T05:00:40.958-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11227531/Estimation_of_Serum_Electrolytes_in_non_Insulin_Dependent_type_2_Diabetic_Patients_in_Bangladesh?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_11227531","summary":"Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high glucose levels. The incidence of diabetes is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The aim of the study was to estimate the electrolytes disturbance in non insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Total of 102 subjects were included in the study, out of which two groups were formed; 52 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy volunteer as controls. Biochemical analysis for Na+, K+, Cl- was performed by the Biolyte 2000 automatic electrolyte analyzer. The random glucose levels were estimated by direct enzymatic method using Randox kit. Student t-test was done to find out the difference between the two paired groups and Pearson's correlation was calculated to know the correlations between electrolytes and random glucose levels. In diabetes mellitus serum Na+ and Cl- levels were observed significantly increased (p\u003c0.001, respectively) while K+ showed no significant (p\u003e0.05) alterations. There was no significant correlation found between random glucose levels and electrolytes in this study. The study demonstrated significant association of Na+ and Cl- with type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, electrolytes should be measured during the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36840624,"asset_id":11227531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23342642,"first_name":"Md. Bayejid","last_name":"Hosen","domain_name":"univdhaka","page_name":"MdBayejidHosen","display_name":"Md. Bayejid Hosen","profile_url":"https://univdhaka.academia.edu/MdBayejidHosen?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23342642/7381517/8298237/s65_md._bayejid.hosen.jpg"},{"id":80671105,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Ashikur","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MAshikur","display_name":"M. Ashikur","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MAshikur?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22350303 coauthored" data-work_id="22350303" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22350303/Biochemical_Characterization_of_Crude_%CE%B1_Amylase_of_Aspergillus_spp_Associated_with_the_Spoilage_of_Cassava_Manihot_esculenta_Tubers_and_Processed_Products_in_Nigeria">Biochemical Characterization of Crude α-Amylase of Aspergillus spp. Associated with the Spoilage of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Tubers and Processed Products in Nigeria</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this research, crude α-amylases associated with the spoilage of cassava (Manihot esculenta) tubers/ product ('eba') were biochemically characterized. They were isolated from five fungi: Aspergillus sp. CSA25, Aspergillus sp. CSA26,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22350303" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this research, crude α-amylases associated with the spoilage of cassava (Manihot esculenta) tubers/ product ('eba') were biochemically characterized. They were isolated from five fungi: Aspergillus sp. CSA25, Aspergillus sp. CSA26, Aspergillus sp. CSA27, Aspergillus sp. CSA35 and Aspergillus sp. CSA38. The results of the analyses showed that the activities of α-amylase obtained from both sources (cassava tuber/ eba) were optimal at 45°C and pH 5.0. The maximum specific activity (Vmax) of the enzyme was found to be 10 U/mg protein, while its Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was between 0.37-1.25%w/v. The α-amylase is thermally stable for 1-2 h at optimum temperature and pH (45°C; pH 5.0). A broad range of substrate specificity was expressed by the enzyme for cassava starch-containing products (tapioca flour, garri flour, cassava flour, 1%, w/v); however, potato (Ipomoea batatas) starch, yam (Dioscorea rotundata) flour and cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) flour were relatively minimally hydrolyzed by the crude α-amylases obtained from Aspergillus spp. that caused spoilage of cassava. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (1 mM EDTA) and Mg 2+ treatment had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on the activities of the amylase, but Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Fe 3+ , thiourea and 5′,5′-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoate (1 mM DTNB) enhanced its activities. The fungal α-amylases were most activated by K + and had a salt tolerance of 1-2 M NaCl for 24 h. The fungal α-amylases reported in this study would find useful application in industries like food industry, detergent industry, paper industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc where microbial α-amylases would be required for efficient and cost-effective hydrolysis of cassava starch, cassava flour and or its products.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22350303" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d70200e119386c30879dd66d88e6b6a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42979913,"asset_id":22350303,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42979913/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9161452" href="https://run.academia.edu/AvwiorokoOghenetegaPhD">Avwioroko J Oghenetega, PhD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9161452" type="text/json">{"id":9161452,"first_name":"Avwioroko","last_name":"Oghenetega, PhD","domain_name":"run","page_name":"AvwiorokoOghenetegaPhD","display_name":"Avwioroko J Oghenetega, PhD","profile_url":"https://run.academia.edu/AvwiorokoOghenetegaPhD?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9161452/4243658/13654661/s65_avwioroko.oghenetega_ph.d_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-22350303">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-22350303"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NyerhovwoTonukari">Nyerhovwo Tonukari</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://africanlabs.academia.edu/OghenetegaAvwioroko">Oghenetega Avwioroko</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-22350303'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-22350303').html(); 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They were isolated from five fungi: Aspergillus sp. CSA25, Aspergillus sp. CSA26, Aspergillus sp. CSA27, Aspergillus sp. CSA35 and Aspergillus sp. CSA38. The results of the analyses showed that the activities of α-amylase obtained from both sources (cassava tuber/ eba) were optimal at 45°C and pH 5.0. The maximum specific activity (Vmax) of the enzyme was found to be 10 U/mg protein, while its Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was between 0.37-1.25%w/v. The α-amylase is thermally stable for 1-2 h at optimum temperature and pH (45°C; pH 5.0). A broad range of substrate specificity was expressed by the enzyme for cassava starch-containing products (tapioca flour, garri flour, cassava flour, 1%, w/v); however, potato (Ipomoea batatas) starch, yam (Dioscorea rotundata) flour and cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) flour were relatively minimally hydrolyzed by the crude α-amylases obtained from Aspergillus spp. that caused spoilage of cassava. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (1 mM EDTA) and Mg 2+ treatment had no significant (p \u003e 0.05) effect on the activities of the amylase, but Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Fe 3+ , thiourea and 5′,5′-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoate (1 mM DTNB) enhanced its activities. The fungal α-amylases were most activated by K + and had a salt tolerance of 1-2 M NaCl for 24 h. The fungal α-amylases reported in this study would find useful application in industries like food industry, detergent industry, paper industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc where microbial α-amylases would be required for efficient and cost-effective hydrolysis of cassava starch, cassava flour and or its products.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42979913,"asset_id":22350303,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9161452,"first_name":"Avwioroko","last_name":"Oghenetega, PhD","domain_name":"run","page_name":"AvwiorokoOghenetegaPhD","display_name":"Avwioroko J Oghenetega, PhD","profile_url":"https://run.academia.edu/AvwiorokoOghenetegaPhD?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9161452/4243658/13654661/s65_avwioroko.oghenetega_ph.d_.jpg"},{"id":43938998,"first_name":"Nyerhovwo","last_name":"Tonukari","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NyerhovwoTonukari","display_name":"Nyerhovwo 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Microorganisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation_Microorganisms?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37697904" data-work_id="37697904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37697904/Climate_change_consequences_and_its_impact_on_agriculture_and_food_security">Climate change consequences and its impact on agriculture and food security</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among the most significant impacts of climate change is the potential increase of food insecurity and malnutrition. Increasing Climate change make worse the risks of hunger and undernutrition through Extreme weather events. Climate change... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37697904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among the most significant impacts of climate change is the potential increase of food insecurity and malnutrition. Increasing Climate change make worse the risks of hunger and undernutrition through Extreme weather events. Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of some disasters such as droughts, floods and storms. This has an adverse impact on livelihoods and food security. Climate-related disasters have the potential to destroy crops, critical infrastructure, and key community assets, therefore deteriorating livelihoods and exacerbating poverty. Long-term and gradual climate risks cause, Sea-level rise as a result of climate change, affecting livelihoods in coastal areas and river deltas. Accelerated glacial melt will also affect the quantity and reliability of water available and change patterns of flooding and drought. Climate change affects all dimensions of food security and nutrition. Changes in climatic conditions have already affected the production of some staple crops, and future climate change threatens to exacerbate this. Higher temperatures will have an impact on yields while changes in rainfall could affect both crop quality and quantity. Climate change could increase the prices of major crops in some regions. For the most vulnerable people, lower agricultural output means lower incomes. Under these conditions, the poorest people who already use most of their income on food sacrifice additional income and other assets to meet their nutritional requirements, or resort to poor coping strategies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37697904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="13d7edd7f52ea6bc500ed230bb0811bb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57689176,"asset_id":37697904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57689176/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6560950" href="https://bangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/pkumar">praveen kumar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6560950" type="text/json">{"id":6560950,"first_name":"praveen","last_name":"kumar","domain_name":"bangaloreuniversity","page_name":"pkumar","display_name":"praveen kumar","profile_url":"https://bangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/pkumar?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37697904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37697904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37697904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37697904", }); 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Increasing Climate change make worse the risks of hunger and undernutrition through Extreme weather events. Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of some disasters such as droughts, floods and storms. This has an adverse impact on livelihoods and food security. Climate-related disasters have the potential to destroy crops, critical infrastructure, and key community assets, therefore deteriorating livelihoods and exacerbating poverty. Long-term and gradual climate risks cause, Sea-level rise as a result of climate change, affecting livelihoods in coastal areas and river deltas. Accelerated glacial melt will also affect the quantity and reliability of water available and change patterns of flooding and drought. Climate change affects all dimensions of food security and nutrition. Changes in climatic conditions have already affected the production of some staple crops, and future climate change threatens to exacerbate this. Higher temperatures will have an impact on yields while changes in rainfall could affect both crop quality and quantity. Climate change could increase the prices of major crops in some regions. For the most vulnerable people, lower agricultural output means lower incomes. Under these conditions, the poorest people who already use most of their income on food sacrifice additional income and other assets to meet their nutritional requirements, or resort to poor coping strategies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57689176,"asset_id":37697904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6560950,"first_name":"praveen","last_name":"kumar","domain_name":"bangaloreuniversity","page_name":"pkumar","display_name":"praveen kumar","profile_url":"https://bangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/pkumar?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161512,"name":"Plant Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":270283,"name":"Animal Nutrition Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Nutrition_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":577372,"name":"Animal Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43084076" data-work_id="43084076" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43084076/Aspartate_metabolism_in_cancer">Aspartate metabolism in cancer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite prominent lactate fermentation, mitochondrial function and the TCA cycle activity remains relevant in proliferating cells. Because cancers display excessive glucose uptake and high rates of glycolysis, there is a debate on whether... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43084076" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite prominent lactate fermentation, mitochondrial function and the TCA cycle activity remains relevant in proliferating cells. Because cancers display excessive glucose uptake and high rates of glycolysis, there is a debate on whether mitochondrial energy production is still needed for cell proliferation. In this thesis, we provide evidence that a major role of the TCA cycle is to supply aspartate and the TCA cycle is not required for cell survival or proliferation in the presence of exogenous aspartate. We also demonstrate that inhibiting aspartate export from the mitochondria to the cytosol via knockdown of aspartate-glutamate carrier 1 (gene name: SLC25A12, protein name: AGC1) impairs redox homeostasis and leads to slower proliferation. Consistently, when TCA cycle carbons were depleted through glutamine starvation and/or glutaminase inhibition, insufficient aspartate delivery cause apoptosis, which can again be prevented by exogenous aspartate supplementation. Our mechanistic work suggests that the most limiting function of cytosolic aspartate is to support nucleotide and protein synthesis. Furthermore, AGC1-depleted allograft tumors grow significantly slower in vivo. Loss of AGC1 sensitizes resistant-tumors to treatments with the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839.<br />In summary, our work suggests that delivering aspartate to the cytosol maintains cell survival when glutamine is limiting and AGC1 inhibition can synergize with glutaminase inhibitors to block tumor growth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43084076" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="72cac167bdf387c3545750abdf28d630" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63337644,"asset_id":43084076,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63337644/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37714648" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FurkanAlkan2">Furkan Alkan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37714648" type="text/json">{"id":37714648,"first_name":"Furkan","last_name":"Alkan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FurkanAlkan2","display_name":"Furkan Alkan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FurkanAlkan2?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37714648/12385950/13786979/s65_furkan.alkan.jpg_oh_f7ce03899de55c8998bed3b302107bb1_oe_577ef6e3"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43084076 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43084076"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43084076, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43084076", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43084076 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43084076; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43084076"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43084076 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43084076"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43084076; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43084076]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43084076").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43084076").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43084076"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6021" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer">Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6021" type="text/json">{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43084076]'), work: {"id":43084076,"title":"Aspartate metabolism in cancer","created_at":"2020-05-17T04:10:20.811-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43084076/Aspartate_metabolism_in_cancer?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_43084076","summary":"Despite prominent lactate fermentation, mitochondrial function and the TCA cycle activity remains relevant in proliferating cells. Because cancers display excessive glucose uptake and high rates of glycolysis, there is a debate on whether mitochondrial energy production is still needed for cell proliferation. In this thesis, we provide evidence that a major role of the TCA cycle is to supply aspartate and the TCA cycle is not required for cell survival or proliferation in the presence of exogenous aspartate. We also demonstrate that inhibiting aspartate export from the mitochondria to the cytosol via knockdown of aspartate-glutamate carrier 1 (gene name: SLC25A12, protein name: AGC1) impairs redox homeostasis and leads to slower proliferation. Consistently, when TCA cycle carbons were depleted through glutamine starvation and/or glutaminase inhibition, insufficient aspartate delivery cause apoptosis, which can again be prevented by exogenous aspartate supplementation. Our mechanistic work suggests that the most limiting function of cytosolic aspartate is to support nucleotide and protein synthesis. Furthermore, AGC1-depleted allograft tumors grow significantly slower in vivo. Loss of AGC1 sensitizes resistant-tumors to treatments with the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839.\nIn summary, our work suggests that delivering aspartate to the cytosol maintains cell survival when glutamine is limiting and AGC1 inhibition can synergize with glutaminase inhibitors to block tumor growth.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63337644,"asset_id":43084076,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37714648,"first_name":"Furkan","last_name":"Alkan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FurkanAlkan2","display_name":"Furkan Alkan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FurkanAlkan2?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37714648/12385950/13786979/s65_furkan.alkan.jpg_oh_f7ce03899de55c8998bed3b302107bb1_oe_577ef6e3"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45307071" data-work_id="45307071" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45307071/Experience_of_implementing_international_recommendations_for_control_recombinant_DNA_safety_in_Ukraine">Experience of implementing international recommendations for control recombinant DNA safety in Ukraine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: Despite a large number of DNA vaccine regulations, most of them serve as guidelines. We developed the Ukrainian state standard (analog state SOP) “Molecular diagnostics. DNA-vaccine. Methods of quality control” by carefully... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45307071" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: Despite a large number of DNA vaccine regulations, most of them serve as guidelines. We developed the Ukrainian state standard (analog state SOP) “Molecular diagnostics. DNA-vaccine. Methods of quality control” by carefully considering all current national requirements, the OIE and the WHO recommendations for DNA preparations, coupled with our vast experience in recombinant DNA technologies. Methods: PCR, RFLP, electrophoresis, sequencing, spectrophotometry, microbiology, LOL-test, and МТТ-test were utilized. Results: The proposed control system of quality DNA vaccines for veterinary use involves the following steps: a) Authenticity control of the specific gene region in plasmid DNA (PCR). b) Availability control of the specific gene insertion in the plasmid material (RFLP). c) Uniformity control of the plasmid DNA (electrophoresis). d) Nucleotide sequence control of the specific gene insertion in the plasmid DNA (sequencing). e) Concentration and purity control of the plasmid DNA (spectrophotometry). f) Microbial contamination control of the DNA vaccine. g) Safety control of the DNA vaccines (testing in laboratory animals). h) Availability control of the bacterial endotoxins in DNA vaccines (LOL-test). i) Cytotoxicity control of the DNA vaccines (MTT-test). j) Immunogenicity control of the DNA vaccines (ELISA). k) Protective effectiveness control of the DNA vaccine (testing in laboratory animals). Conclusions: This developed standard is the first Ukrainian experience in the implementation of international biosafety recommendations for recombinant DNA technology in the practice of biotechnological production.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45307071" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9e42b6f0b05f2ddac8dfb95709e50f3c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65856550,"asset_id":45307071,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65856550/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="108200047" href="https://usda-ars.academia.edu/IrynaGoraichuk">Iryna Goraichuk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="108200047" type="text/json">{"id":108200047,"first_name":"Iryna","last_name":"Goraichuk","domain_name":"usda-ars","page_name":"IrynaGoraichuk","display_name":"Iryna Goraichuk","profile_url":"https://usda-ars.academia.edu/IrynaGoraichuk?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108200047/25158918/39333467/s65_iryna.goraichuk.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45307071 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45307071"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45307071, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45307071", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45307071 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45307071; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45307071"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45307071 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45307071"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45307071; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45307071]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45307071").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45307071").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45307071"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4365" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines">Vaccines</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4365" type="text/json">{"id":4365,"name":"Vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine_development">Vaccine development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37800" type="text/json">{"id":37800,"name":"Vaccine development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine_development?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41012" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombinant_DNA_Technology">Recombinant DNA Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41012" type="text/json">{"id":41012,"name":"Recombinant DNA Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombinant_DNA_Technology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="166422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_vaccines">DNA vaccines</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="166422" type="text/json">{"id":166422,"name":"DNA vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_vaccines?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45307071]'), work: {"id":45307071,"title":"Experience of implementing international recommendations for control recombinant DNA safety in Ukraine","created_at":"2021-03-02T07:03:48.817-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45307071/Experience_of_implementing_international_recommendations_for_control_recombinant_DNA_safety_in_Ukraine?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_45307071","summary":"Purpose: Despite a large number of DNA vaccine regulations, most of them serve as guidelines. We developed the Ukrainian state standard (analog state SOP) “Molecular diagnostics. DNA-vaccine. Methods of quality control” by carefully considering all current national requirements, the OIE and the WHO recommendations for DNA preparations, coupled with our vast experience in recombinant DNA technologies. Methods: PCR, RFLP, electrophoresis, sequencing, spectrophotometry, microbiology, LOL-test, and МТТ-test were utilized. Results: The proposed control system of quality DNA vaccines for veterinary use involves the following steps: a) Authenticity control of the specific gene region in plasmid DNA (PCR). b) Availability control of the specific gene insertion in the plasmid material (RFLP). c) Uniformity control of the plasmid DNA (electrophoresis). d) Nucleotide sequence control of the specific gene insertion in the plasmid DNA (sequencing). e) Concentration and purity control of the plasmid DNA (spectrophotometry). f) Microbial contamination control of the DNA vaccine. g) Safety control of the DNA vaccines (testing in laboratory animals). h) Availability control of the bacterial endotoxins in DNA vaccines (LOL-test). i) Cytotoxicity control of the DNA vaccines (MTT-test). j) Immunogenicity control of the DNA vaccines (ELISA). k) Protective effectiveness control of the DNA vaccine (testing in laboratory animals). Conclusions: This developed standard is the first Ukrainian experience in the implementation of international biosafety recommendations for recombinant DNA technology in the practice of biotechnological production.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65856550,"asset_id":45307071,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":108200047,"first_name":"Iryna","last_name":"Goraichuk","domain_name":"usda-ars","page_name":"IrynaGoraichuk","display_name":"Iryna Goraichuk","profile_url":"https://usda-ars.academia.edu/IrynaGoraichuk?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108200047/25158918/39333467/s65_iryna.goraichuk.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4365,"name":"Vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":37800,"name":"Vaccine development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine_development?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":41012,"name":"Recombinant DNA Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombinant_DNA_Technology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":166422,"name":"DNA vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_vaccines?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":189974,"name":"Vaccine Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine_Safety?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44799217 coauthored" data-work_id="44799217" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44799217/Kushta_Jast_a_conventional_herbo_mineral_immunity_booster_tonic_potential_use_in_COVID_19">Kushta Jast, a conventional herbo-mineral immunity booster tonic: potential use in COVID-19</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Kushta Jast (KJ) is a unique herbo-mineral preparation of the Unani System of Medicine (USM) which is prepared by taklis (calcination) and prescribed by the practitioners of USM for the treatment of various ailments, including the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44799217" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Kushta Jast (KJ) is a unique herbo-mineral preparation of the Unani System of Medicine (USM) which is prepared by taklis (calcination) and prescribed by the practitioners of USM for the treatment of various ailments, including the respiratory ailments. It is used as muqawwi (tonic) to boost the immunity (Muqawwi-i-badan), and can increase the phagocyte activity of the immune cells, thereby, promoting the growth and spread of lymphocytes and increasing circulating antibodies to neutralize a harmful pathogen and reduce humma or body fever (Dafi'-i-humma). Incidentally, the principal mineral component of KJ, zinc, has been widely acknowledged for its beneficial influence on the immune function, and decrease the risk of developing serious respiratory illnesses. In this manuscript, we provide a glimpse of the literature on KJ and postulate its potential beneficial effects in respiratory infections, including COVID-19.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44799217" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ef380ff317d00947fed34d8bb894d8fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65296037,"asset_id":44799217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65296037/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="164236735" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hajrasyeda">syeda hajra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="164236735" type="text/json">{"id":164236735,"first_name":"syeda","last_name":"hajra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"hajrasyeda","display_name":"syeda hajra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/hajrasyeda?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/164236735/50454615/38477315/s65_syeda.hajra.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44799217">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44799217"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://jamiahamdard-in.academia.edu/GhazalaJaved">Ghazala Javed</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44799217'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44799217').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44799217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44799217"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44799217; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44799217]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44799217").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44799217").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44799217"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4086" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Medicine">Traditional Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4086" type="text/json">{"id":4086,"name":"Traditional Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Medicine?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72801" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UNANI_MEDICINE">UNANI MEDICINE</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72801" type="text/json">{"id":72801,"name":"UNANI MEDICINE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UNANI_MEDICINE?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44799217]'), work: {"id":44799217,"title":"Kushta Jast, a conventional herbo-mineral immunity booster tonic: potential use in COVID-19","created_at":"2020-12-30T01:13:12.262-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44799217/Kushta_Jast_a_conventional_herbo_mineral_immunity_booster_tonic_potential_use_in_COVID_19?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_44799217","summary":"Kushta Jast (KJ) is a unique herbo-mineral preparation of the Unani System of Medicine (USM) which is prepared by taklis (calcination) and prescribed by the practitioners of USM for the treatment of various ailments, including the respiratory ailments. It is used as muqawwi (tonic) to boost the immunity (Muqawwi-i-badan), and can increase the phagocyte activity of the immune cells, thereby, promoting the growth and spread of lymphocytes and increasing circulating antibodies to neutralize a harmful pathogen and reduce humma or body fever (Dafi'-i-humma). Incidentally, the principal mineral component of KJ, zinc, has been widely acknowledged for its beneficial influence on the immune function, and decrease the risk of developing serious respiratory illnesses. In this manuscript, we provide a glimpse of the literature on KJ and postulate its potential beneficial effects in respiratory infections, including COVID-19.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65296037,"asset_id":44799217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":164236735,"first_name":"syeda","last_name":"hajra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"hajrasyeda","display_name":"syeda hajra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/hajrasyeda?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/164236735/50454615/38477315/s65_syeda.hajra.png"},{"id":7772616,"first_name":"Ghazala","last_name":"Javed","domain_name":"jamiahamdard-in","page_name":"GhazalaJaved","display_name":"Ghazala Javed","profile_url":"https://jamiahamdard-in.academia.edu/GhazalaJaved?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4086,"name":"Traditional Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Medicine?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":72801,"name":"UNANI MEDICINE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UNANI_MEDICINE?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13245331" data-work_id="13245331" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13245331/Characterization_of_the_C_terminal_domain_of_ras_GTPase_activating_protein_ras_GAP_as_substrate_for_epidermal_growth_factor_receptor_and_p60c_src_kinase">Characterization of the C-terminal domain of ras-GTPase-activating protein (ras-GAP) as substrate for epidermal growth factor receptor and p60c-src kinase</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We describe in vilxo tyrosine phosphorylation of the C-terminal 334 amino acids of ras-GTPaseactivating protein (ras-GAP) 1 that contains the activity domain for ras interaction. To date, there have been no other phosphorylation sites... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13245331" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We describe in vilxo tyrosine phosphorylation of the C-terminal 334 amino acids of ras-GTPaseactivating protein (ras-GAP) 1 that contains the activity domain for ras interaction. To date, there have been no other phosphorylation sites determined than the reported in N-terminal domain of ras-GAP Tyr-460, which is considered to be the major phosphorylation site of ms-GAP. In our assays some differences of the kinetic parameters were observed when the reaction was catalyzed by EGF-R compared to p6tY -~. Enzyme specific regulation of activity is associated with autophosphorylation which leads to reduced (in case of EGF-R) or increased (in case of p60 c-~) phosphorylation of the C-terminal 334 amino acids of ras-GAP (GAP334). Because of the characteristics of these investigated reactions the phosphorylation of GAP334 seems to beindependent from the presence of SH2 or SH3 domains -triggered off by complex mechanisms different from those regulating the phosphorylatioh at Tyr-460.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13245331" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d4c53dcb4fead8984a9d0653722cd6dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45554476,"asset_id":13245331,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45554476/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32494526" href="https://charite-de.academia.edu/MaxHeiland">Max Heiland</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32494526" type="text/json">{"id":32494526,"first_name":"Max","last_name":"Heiland","domain_name":"charite-de","page_name":"MaxHeiland","display_name":"Max Heiland","profile_url":"https://charite-de.academia.edu/MaxHeiland?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32494526/9719129/10825859/s65_max.heiland.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13245331 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13245331"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13245331, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13245331", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13245331]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13245331").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13245331").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13245331"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29057" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manganese">Manganese</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29057" type="text/json">{"id":29057,"name":"Manganese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manganese?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70902" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnesium">Magnesium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70902" type="text/json">{"id":70902,"name":"Magnesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnesium?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="167158" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypsin">Trypsin</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="167158" type="text/json">{"id":167158,"name":"Trypsin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypsin?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13245331]'), work: {"id":13245331,"title":"Characterization of the C-terminal domain of ras-GTPase-activating protein (ras-GAP) as substrate for epidermal growth factor receptor and p60c-src kinase","created_at":"2015-06-24T08:49:38.054-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13245331/Characterization_of_the_C_terminal_domain_of_ras_GTPase_activating_protein_ras_GAP_as_substrate_for_epidermal_growth_factor_receptor_and_p60c_src_kinase?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_13245331","summary":"We describe in vilxo tyrosine phosphorylation of the C-terminal 334 amino acids of ras-GTPaseactivating protein (ras-GAP) 1 that contains the activity domain for ras interaction. To date, there have been no other phosphorylation sites determined than the reported in N-terminal domain of ras-GAP Tyr-460, which is considered to be the major phosphorylation site of ms-GAP. In our assays some differences of the kinetic parameters were observed when the reaction was catalyzed by EGF-R compared to p6tY -~. Enzyme specific regulation of activity is associated with autophosphorylation which leads to reduced (in case of EGF-R) or increased (in case of p60 c-~) phosphorylation of the C-terminal 334 amino acids of ras-GAP (GAP334). Because of the characteristics of these investigated reactions the phosphorylation of GAP334 seems to beindependent from the presence of SH2 or SH3 domains -triggered off by complex mechanisms different from those regulating the phosphorylatioh at Tyr-460.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45554476,"asset_id":13245331,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32494526,"first_name":"Max","last_name":"Heiland","domain_name":"charite-de","page_name":"MaxHeiland","display_name":"Max Heiland","profile_url":"https://charite-de.academia.edu/MaxHeiland?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32494526/9719129/10825859/s65_max.heiland.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":29057,"name":"Manganese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manganese?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":70902,"name":"Magnesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnesium?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":167158,"name":"Trypsin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypsin?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":172083,"name":"Phosphorylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorylation?f_ri=602219"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=602219"},{"id":193464,"name":"Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sodium_Dodecyl_Sulfate-Polyacrylamide_Gel_Electrophoresis?f_ri=602219"},{"id":236942,"name":"Phosphotyrosine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphotyrosine?f_ri=602219"},{"id":317185,"name":"Histones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histones?f_ri=602219"},{"id":329265,"name":"Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidermal_Growth_Factor_Receptor?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1627605,"name":"Phosphopeptides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphopeptides?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1663739,"name":"Tyrosine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tyrosine?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25126057 coauthored" data-work_id="25126057" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25126057/Studies_on_the_Level_of_Contamination_of_Leachates_from_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Open_Dumpsite_in_Onitsha_Anambra_State_Nigeria">Studies on the Level of Contamination of Leachates from Municipal Solid Waste Open Dumpsite in Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Leachates are known to contain dissolved or suspended solid materials which may be toxic when it finds its way to water bodies or land meant for agricultural purposes. The study however investigated the physicochemical properties, anions... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25126057" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Leachates are known to contain dissolved or suspended solid materials which may be toxic when it finds its way to water bodies or land meant for agricultural purposes. The study however investigated the physicochemical properties, anions and heavy metal composition of leachates from the solid waste dumpsite at Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria so as to ascertain the level of contamination by comparing values obtained with the FEPA/WHO standards. Analyses were carried out using leachates obtained from two portions of the sites marked active site and abandoned site (withdrawing dumpsite). The result of the physicochemical analysis revealed that there was significant increase at p<0.05 of mean values of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) of the active site when compared to values from the abandoned site. Analysis has shown that leachate from the active site is a potential source of heavy metal poisoning and a source of pollution with potential effect on the environment and neighboring underground water if the present trend is not controlled.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25126057" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd2c269ad2fb84e6ac21dadf1150924c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45446569,"asset_id":25126057,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45446569/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11014966" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EGBUNACHUKWUEBUKA">EGBUNA CHUKWUEBUKA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11014966" type="text/json">{"id":11014966,"first_name":"EGBUNA","last_name":"CHUKWUEBUKA","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EGBUNACHUKWUEBUKA","display_name":"EGBUNA CHUKWUEBUKA","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EGBUNACHUKWUEBUKA?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11014966/3269821/14169295/s65_egbuna.chukwuebuka.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-25126057">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-25126057"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unizik.academia.edu/IfemejeJonathan">Ifemeje Jonathan</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-25126057'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-25126057').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25126057 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25126057"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25126057, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25126057", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25126057 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25126057; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25126057"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25126057 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25126057"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25126057; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25126057]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25126057").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25126057").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25126057"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25126057]'), work: {"id":25126057,"title":"Studies on the Level of Contamination of Leachates from Municipal Solid Waste Open Dumpsite in Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria","created_at":"2016-05-08T04:24:39.906-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25126057/Studies_on_the_Level_of_Contamination_of_Leachates_from_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Open_Dumpsite_in_Onitsha_Anambra_State_Nigeria?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_25126057","summary":"Leachates are known to contain dissolved or suspended solid materials which may be toxic when it finds its way to water bodies or land meant for agricultural purposes. The study however investigated the physicochemical properties, anions and heavy metal composition of leachates from the solid waste dumpsite at Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria so as to ascertain the level of contamination by comparing values obtained with the FEPA/WHO standards. Analyses were carried out using leachates obtained from two portions of the sites marked active site and abandoned site (withdrawing dumpsite). The result of the physicochemical analysis revealed that there was significant increase at p\u003c0.05 of mean values of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) of the active site when compared to values from the abandoned site. Analysis has shown that leachate from the active site is a potential source of heavy metal poisoning and a source of pollution with potential effect on the environment and neighboring underground water if the present trend is not controlled.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45446569,"asset_id":25126057,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11014966,"first_name":"EGBUNA","last_name":"CHUKWUEBUKA","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EGBUNACHUKWUEBUKA","display_name":"EGBUNA CHUKWUEBUKA","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EGBUNACHUKWUEBUKA?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11014966/3269821/14169295/s65_egbuna.chukwuebuka.jpg"},{"id":502141,"first_name":"Ifemeje","last_name":"Jonathan","domain_name":"unizik","page_name":"IfemejeJonathan","display_name":"Ifemeje Jonathan","profile_url":"https://unizik.academia.edu/IfemejeJonathan?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43358987" data-work_id="43358987" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43358987/African_Journal_of_Food_Science_Assessment_of_Arabusta_coffee_hybrids_Coffea_arabica_L_X_Tetraploid_Robusta_Coffea_canephora_for_green_bean_physical_properties_and_cup_quality">African Journal of Food Science Assessment of Arabusta coffee hybrids [Coffea arabica L. X Tetraploid Robusta (Coffea canephora )] for green bean physical properties and cup quality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Robusta coffee is known to be high yielding than Arabica coffee, since it is more vigorous in growth. However, it is limited by the inferior cup quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the Arabusta hybrids and its... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43358987" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Robusta coffee is known to be high yielding than Arabica coffee, since it is more vigorous in growth. However, it is limited by the inferior cup quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the Arabusta hybrids and its backcross derivatives for bean physical characteristics and organoleptic properties including their interrelationship. Nineteen coffee genotypes were evaluated at Siaya ATC and KALRO-Alupe, using randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on the bean grades and sensory traits was carried out on beans harvested in the year 2018. The results indicated that there was a significant variation on both the sensory and bean grade traits from the two locations. On average, Arabusta hybrids showed better performance on bean traits when compared to its backcrosses and Robusta. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the sensory traits which had highly significant positive association with aftertaste (r=0.96), aroma (r=0.84), balance (r=0.85), flavor (r=0.96) and overall standard (r=0.96). The positive significant correlation between the 100 bean weight and the AA bean size is an indication that weight of beans can be used in predicting the bean sizes. The interspecific hybridization enables the transfer of good cup quality attributes from Arabica coffee to Robusta coffee.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43358987" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2d4c0382cb0ee1f258233f4a9c8cc9b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63647813,"asset_id":43358987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63647813/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3541313" href="https://uonbi.academia.edu/KahiuNgugi">Prof Kahiu Ngugi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3541313" type="text/json">{"id":3541313,"first_name":"Prof Kahiu","last_name":"Ngugi","domain_name":"uonbi","page_name":"KahiuNgugi","display_name":"Prof Kahiu Ngugi","profile_url":"https://uonbi.academia.edu/KahiuNgugi?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3541313/1812302/19396364/s65_prof_kahiu.ngugi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43358987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43358987"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43358987, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43358987", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43358987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43358987; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43358987"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43358987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43358987"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43358987; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43358987]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43358987").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43358987").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43358987"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="602219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology">Biochemistry and molecular biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="602219" type="text/json">{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43358987]'), work: {"id":43358987,"title":"African Journal of Food Science Assessment of Arabusta coffee hybrids [Coffea arabica L. X Tetraploid Robusta (Coffea canephora )] for green bean physical properties and cup quality","created_at":"2020-06-16T11:25:00.195-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43358987/African_Journal_of_Food_Science_Assessment_of_Arabusta_coffee_hybrids_Coffea_arabica_L_X_Tetraploid_Robusta_Coffea_canephora_for_green_bean_physical_properties_and_cup_quality?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_43358987","summary":"Robusta coffee is known to be high yielding than Arabica coffee, since it is more vigorous in growth. However, it is limited by the inferior cup quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the Arabusta hybrids and its backcross derivatives for bean physical characteristics and organoleptic properties including their interrelationship. Nineteen coffee genotypes were evaluated at Siaya ATC and KALRO-Alupe, using randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on the bean grades and sensory traits was carried out on beans harvested in the year 2018. The results indicated that there was a significant variation on both the sensory and bean grade traits from the two locations. On average, Arabusta hybrids showed better performance on bean traits when compared to its backcrosses and Robusta. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the sensory traits which had highly significant positive association with aftertaste (r=0.96), aroma (r=0.84), balance (r=0.85), flavor (r=0.96) and overall standard (r=0.96). The positive significant correlation between the 100 bean weight and the AA bean size is an indication that weight of beans can be used in predicting the bean sizes. The interspecific hybridization enables the transfer of good cup quality attributes from Arabica coffee to Robusta coffee.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63647813,"asset_id":43358987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3541313,"first_name":"Prof Kahiu","last_name":"Ngugi","domain_name":"uonbi","page_name":"KahiuNgugi","display_name":"Prof Kahiu Ngugi","profile_url":"https://uonbi.academia.edu/KahiuNgugi?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3541313/1812302/19396364/s65_prof_kahiu.ngugi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43318578" data-work_id="43318578" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43318578/Recalls_of_Pharmaceutical_Products_Eliminating_Contamination_and_Adulteration_Causes">Recalls of Pharmaceutical Products: Eliminating Contamination and Adulteration Causes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Are you prepared for recalls relating to pharmaceutical and healthcare medications and medical devices? This book contains details about recalls from start to finish, including advice on how to handle a recall and, more importantly, how... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43318578" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Are you prepared for recalls relating to pharmaceutical and healthcare medications and medical devices? This book contains details about recalls from start to finish, including advice on how to handle a recall and, more importantly, how they can be avoided. Read about regulatory perspectives, trends and primary causes for product recalls, notable recalls and lessons, quality metrics, and supply chain risk management. You can also find relevant information designed to help about labels, packaging, data integrity, methods to ensure GDP, and other industry best-practices.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43318578" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cf4d213f426b71b9c3731bfdb25c0306" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63600562,"asset_id":43318578,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63600562/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="725124" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle">Tim Sandle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="725124" type="text/json">{"id":725124,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Sandle","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"TimSandle","display_name":"Tim Sandle","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/725124/247895/293007/s65_tim.sandle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43318578 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43318578"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43318578, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43318578", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43318578]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43318578").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43318578").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43318578"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2009" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining">Data Mining</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2009" type="text/json">{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9538" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior">Consumer Behavior</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9538" type="text/json">{"id":9538,"name":"Consumer Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43318578]'), work: {"id":43318578,"title":"Recalls of Pharmaceutical Products: Eliminating Contamination and Adulteration Causes","created_at":"2020-06-11T12:30:31.839-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43318578/Recalls_of_Pharmaceutical_Products_Eliminating_Contamination_and_Adulteration_Causes?f_ri=602219","dom_id":"work_43318578","summary":"Are you prepared for recalls relating to pharmaceutical and healthcare medications and medical devices? This book contains details about recalls from start to finish, including advice on how to handle a recall and, more importantly, how they can be avoided. Read about regulatory perspectives, trends and primary causes for product recalls, notable recalls and lessons, quality metrics, and supply chain risk management. You can also find relevant information designed to help about labels, packaging, data integrity, methods to ensure GDP, and other industry best-practices.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63600562,"asset_id":43318578,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":725124,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Sandle","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"TimSandle","display_name":"Tim Sandle","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/725124/247895/293007/s65_tim.sandle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":9538,"name":"Consumer Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":17481,"name":"Healthcare design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare_design?f_ri=602219"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=602219"},{"id":29393,"name":"Healthcare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare?f_ri=602219"},{"id":95655,"name":"Pharmaceutical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical?f_ri=602219"},{"id":127605,"name":"Health Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Science?f_ri=602219"},{"id":440689,"name":"Recall","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recall?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29433309 coauthored" data-work_id="29433309" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29433309/Saccharide_assisted_delivery_of_cytotoxic_liposomes_to_human_malignant_cells">Saccharide-assisted delivery of cytotoxic liposomes to human malignant cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The overexpression of lectins by malignant cells was applied for in vitro targeting of liposomes equipped with a saccharide vector and loaded in the lipid phase with a lipid derivative of anticancer agent sarcolysine. The lectin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29433309" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The overexpression of lectins by malignant cells was applied for in vitro targeting of liposomes equipped with a saccharide vector and loaded in the lipid phase with a lipid derivative of anticancer agent sarcolysine. The lectin specificity of human leukemia HL-60 and human lung adenocarcinoma ACL cells was revealed by tests with fluorescein-labeled sugar probes. With the help &fluorescent lipid dye it was shown that active saccharide ligands increased the level of the vectored liposome binding to malignant cells by 50-80% as compared to liposomes without vector or with inactive one. The degree of liposome/cell membrane fusion was monitored fluorometrically and was shown to be complete and independent of the vectors. The targeted drugloaded liposomes had the cytotoxic activity 2-4 times higher as compared to the vector-free ones.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29433309" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ed0003b99c42aea6587422337922d04" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49879488,"asset_id":29433309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49879488/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55641646" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaVodovozova">Elena Vodovozova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55641646" type="text/json">{"id":55641646,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Vodovozova","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElenaVodovozova","display_name":"Elena Vodovozova","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaVodovozova?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29433309">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29433309"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirRazinkov">Vladimir Razinkov</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29433309'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29433309').html(); 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The lectin specificity of human leukemia HL-60 and human lung adenocarcinoma ACL cells was revealed by tests with fluorescein-labeled sugar probes. With the help \u0026fluorescent lipid dye it was shown that active saccharide ligands increased the level of the vectored liposome binding to malignant cells by 50-80% as compared to liposomes without vector or with inactive one. The degree of liposome/cell membrane fusion was monitored fluorometrically and was shown to be complete and independent of the vectors. The targeted drugloaded liposomes had the cytotoxic activity 2-4 times higher as compared to the vector-free ones.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49879488,"asset_id":29433309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55641646,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Vodovozova","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElenaVodovozova","display_name":"Elena Vodovozova","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaVodovozova?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":51575535,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Razinkov","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VladimirRazinkov","display_name":"Vladimir Razinkov","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirRazinkov?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":147066,"name":"Liposomes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liposomes?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":183266,"name":"Liposome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liposome?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":604754,"name":"Acrylic Resins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acrylic_Resins?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":1015099,"name":"Drug Targeting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Targeting?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1031068,"name":"Drug Carriers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Carriers?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1221162,"name":"Diglycerides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diglycerides?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1745478,"name":"Adenocarcinoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adenocarcinoma?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1923219,"name":"Fluorescein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescein?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1974871,"name":"Oligosaccharides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oligosaccharides?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2467564,"name":"Carbohydrate Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_Sequence?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=602219"},{"id":2468093,"name":"Cell Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Membrane?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33675891 coauthored" data-work_id="33675891" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33675891/ROLE_OF_APOPTOSIS_IN_TYPE_II_DIABETIC_PATIENTS_WITH_RETINOPATHY">ROLE OF APOPTOSIS IN TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH RETINOPATHY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Apoptosis is a physiologic or pathologic energy-required programmed cell death. Excessive abnormal pancreatic β-cell apoptosis participates in the etiology of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, apoptosis supports the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33675891" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Apoptosis is a physiologic or pathologic energy-required programmed cell death. Excessive abnormal pancreatic β-cell apoptosis participates in the etiology of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, apoptosis supports the theory of reduced pancreatic β-cell mass versus reduced pancreatic β-cell function in type II diabetic patients. P53 is a key molecule in the apoptotic cascade which mainly acts as transcription factor. <br />Aiming to estimate the role of apoptosis in type II diabetic patients with or without complication, serum levels of p53 have been measured using sandwich ELISA technique in 40 subjects divided into 3-main diagnosis-based groups [control, DM and PDR] which were further sub-classified to study the effect of gender in serum levels of p53. Also, those subjects are classified into 4 HbA1c%-based groups.<br />Serum levels of p53 [U/ml] were higher in type II diabetic patients without complication and type II diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than control subjects. On the other hand, serum levels of p53 were lower in type II diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than diabetic patients without complications. No significant difference appeared between all the studied groups. No correlations found between serum p53 levels and clinical indicators of diabetes, age, duration of diabetes, and lipid profile. Also, a statistically non-significant difference was observed in serum levels of p53 in HbA1c% based groups. A statistically significant increase was detected in serum p53 levels when comparing its levels in male with its corresponding levels in female in all studied groups. Alternatively, a statistically non- significant difference appeared in serum p53 levels between groups of the same gender. <br />The results of the current study might support the theory of cell-cycle arrest without refusing apoptotic theory in the etiology of type II diabetes and the progression of its complications mainly diabetic retinopathy. It might also support the pancreatic β-cell loss of function followed by the pancreatic β-cell loss of mass hypothesis. With respect to gender, this study illustrated that males are more susceptible to diabetes mellitus and its complications like retinopathy than female. It might present type II diabetes as an introduction to pancreatic cancer. These findings may highlight the way to a novel therapeutic approach.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33675891" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9df23183e14bb55c26b27e8134a9f7c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53681690,"asset_id":33675891,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53681690/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65928666" href="https://must-eg.academia.edu/ShimaaSenousy">Shimaa Senousy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65928666" type="text/json">{"id":65928666,"first_name":"Shimaa","last_name":"Senousy","domain_name":"must-eg","page_name":"ShimaaSenousy","display_name":"Shimaa Senousy","profile_url":"https://must-eg.academia.edu/ShimaaSenousy?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-33675891">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-33675891"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MamdouhAhmedTaha">Mamdouh Ahmed Taha</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-33675891'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-33675891').html(); 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Excessive abnormal pancreatic β-cell apoptosis participates in the etiology of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, apoptosis supports the theory of reduced pancreatic β-cell mass versus reduced pancreatic β-cell function in type II diabetic patients. P53 is a key molecule in the apoptotic cascade which mainly acts as transcription factor. \nAiming to estimate the role of apoptosis in type II diabetic patients with or without complication, serum levels of p53 have been measured using sandwich ELISA technique in 40 subjects divided into 3-main diagnosis-based groups [control, DM and PDR] which were further sub-classified to study the effect of gender in serum levels of p53. Also, those subjects are classified into 4 HbA1c%-based groups.\nSerum levels of p53 [U/ml] were higher in type II diabetic patients without complication and type II diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than control subjects. On the other hand, serum levels of p53 were lower in type II diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than diabetic patients without complications. No significant difference appeared between all the studied groups. No correlations found between serum p53 levels and clinical indicators of diabetes, age, duration of diabetes, and lipid profile. Also, a statistically non-significant difference was observed in serum levels of p53 in HbA1c% based groups. A statistically significant increase was detected in serum p53 levels when comparing its levels in male with its corresponding levels in female in all studied groups. Alternatively, a statistically non- significant difference appeared in serum p53 levels between groups of the same gender. \nThe results of the current study might support the theory of cell-cycle arrest without refusing apoptotic theory in the etiology of type II diabetes and the progression of its complications mainly diabetic retinopathy. It might also support the pancreatic β-cell loss of function followed by the pancreatic β-cell loss of mass hypothesis. With respect to gender, this study illustrated that males are more susceptible to diabetes mellitus and its complications like retinopathy than female. It might present type II diabetes as an introduction to pancreatic cancer. These findings may highlight the way to a novel therapeutic approach.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53681690,"asset_id":33675891,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65928666,"first_name":"Shimaa","last_name":"Senousy","domain_name":"must-eg","page_name":"ShimaaSenousy","display_name":"Shimaa Senousy","profile_url":"https://must-eg.academia.edu/ShimaaSenousy?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":66123850,"first_name":"Mamdouh Ahmed","last_name":"Taha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MamdouhAhmedTaha","display_name":"Mamdouh Ahmed Taha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MamdouhAhmedTaha?f_ri=602219","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":595,"name":"Medical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Sciences?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":14034,"name":"Clinical Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":18491,"name":"Molecular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":18556,"name":"Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Its_Complications?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true},{"id":96573,"name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Retinopathy?f_ri=602219"},{"id":107104,"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry_and_Biochemistry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":294566,"name":"Biochemestry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemestry?f_ri=602219"},{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=602219"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24333948" data-work_id="24333948" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24333948/African_Journal_of_Biotechnology_Comparative_antioxidant_and_hypoglycaemic_effects_of_aqueous_ethanol_and_n_hexane_extracts_of_leaf_of_Vitex_doniana_on_streptozotocin_induced_diabetes_in_albino_rats">African Journal of Biotechnology Comparative antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects of aqueous, ethanol and n-hexane extracts of leaf of Vitex doniana on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in albino rats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Several herbal preparations are used to treat diabetes, but their reported hypoglycemic effects are complex. This study therefore was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Vitex doniana leaves on oxidative stress and lipid... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24333948" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Several herbal preparations are used to treat diabetes, but their reported hypoglycemic effects are complex. This study therefore was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Vitex doniana leaves on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally using 50 mg/kg streptozotocin, while diabetic rats were treated in 12 h cycles for four weeks with 100 mg/kg of the extract and glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg). Nondiabetic control rats received distilled water. The levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), aspartatate aminotransfrease (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities total, conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin concentration were assayed. The results indicate that the concentrations of TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin were significantly increased while the activities of SOD and CAT were reduced in the diabetic animals (p<0.05). The extract significantly increased CAT and SOD activity and reduced FBS, TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin concentrations significantly (p<0.05) compared to normal. However, glibenclamide treatment showed slight modification in the changes observed compared to the extract. The study concluded that the extract reversed diabetes and diabetes-induced oxidative changes in the hepatocytes, thus suggesting its use for the management of diabetic complications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24333948" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f848cc3be1143f319b6e034956724635" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44669403,"asset_id":24333948,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44669403/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4288359" href="https://victorukaogo.academia.edu/OjochenemiYakubu">Ojochenemi E J E H Yakubu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4288359" type="text/json">{"id":4288359,"first_name":"Ojochenemi","last_name":"Yakubu","domain_name":"victorukaogo","page_name":"OjochenemiYakubu","display_name":"Ojochenemi E J E H Yakubu","profile_url":"https://victorukaogo.academia.edu/OjochenemiYakubu?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4288359/1709169/2049780/s65_ojochenemi.yakubu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24333948 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24333948"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24333948, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24333948", }); 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This study therefore was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Vitex doniana leaves on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally using 50 mg/kg streptozotocin, while diabetic rats were treated in 12 h cycles for four weeks with 100 mg/kg of the extract and glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg). Nondiabetic control rats received distilled water. The levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), aspartatate aminotransfrease (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities total, conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin concentration were assayed. The results indicate that the concentrations of TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin were significantly increased while the activities of SOD and CAT were reduced in the diabetic animals (p\u003c0.05). The extract significantly increased CAT and SOD activity and reduced FBS, TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin concentrations significantly (p\u003c0.05) compared to normal. However, glibenclamide treatment showed slight modification in the changes observed compared to the extract. The study concluded that the extract reversed diabetes and diabetes-induced oxidative changes in the hepatocytes, thus suggesting its use for the management of diabetic complications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44669403,"asset_id":24333948,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4288359,"first_name":"Ojochenemi","last_name":"Yakubu","domain_name":"victorukaogo","page_name":"OjochenemiYakubu","display_name":"Ojochenemi E J E H Yakubu","profile_url":"https://victorukaogo.academia.edu/OjochenemiYakubu?f_ri=602219","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4288359/1709169/2049780/s65_ojochenemi.yakubu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":602219,"name":"Biochemistry and molecular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_molecular_biology?f_ri=602219","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a 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