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data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Constitution+Party+%28United+States%29" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-viewsource" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_Party_(United_States)&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.viewsource" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-viewsource"> View source </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Taxpayers Party" redirects here. For the New York party, see <a href="/wiki/Taxpayers_Party_of_New_York" title="Taxpayers Party of New York">Taxpayers Party of New York</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"American Constitution Party" redirects here. For the Colorado party, see <a href="/wiki/American_Constitution_Party_(Colorado)" title="American Constitution Party (Colorado)">American Constitution Party (Colorado)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1950s conservative third party, see <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States,_1952)" title="Constitution Party (United States, 1952)">Constitution Party (United States, 1952)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>The Constitution Party, named the U.S. Taxpayers' Party until 1999, is an <a href="/wiki/Ultra-conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-conservative">ultra-conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> that promotes a <a href="/wiki/Religious_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious conservative">religiously conservative</a> interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Principle" title="Principle">principles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">intents</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>. The party platform is based on <a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">originalist</a> interpretations of the Constitution and shaped by principles which it believes were set forth in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a>, the Constitution and the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>. <table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #A356DE; border-bottom:2px solid #A356DE; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Constitution Party</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitution_Party_(USA)_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg/125px-Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg/188px-Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg/250px-Constitution_Party_%28USA%29_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="260"></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Chairman</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Jim Clymer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1990; 34 years ago (1990) (as U.S. Taxpayers' Party) 1999 (1999) (as Constitution Party)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">408 West Chestnut Street, <a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Pennsylvania" title="Lancaster, Pennsylvania">Lancaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> 17603</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(2021)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> 137,367<a href="#cite_note-Membership2021-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a><a href="#cite_note-social_con-2">[2]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism" title="Christian reconstructionism">Christian reconstructionism</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ultraconservatism" title="Ultraconservatism">Ultraconservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleoconservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social conservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-social_con-2">[2]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal conservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-social_con-2">[2]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">Far-right</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a>, <a href="/wiki/White" title="White">white</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">blue</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">national colors</a>) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">Purple</a> (de facto)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Seats in the Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 100<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D2B48C; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Seats in the House</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D2B48C; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governorships</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 50<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D2B48C; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">State Upper House Seats</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 1,972<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D2B48C; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">State Lower House Seats</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 5,411<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D2B48C; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_the_Constitution_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral history of the Constitution Party (United States)">Other elected offices</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">28<a href="#cite_note-current-14">[14]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png/100px-Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png/150px-Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png/200px-Constitution_Party_USA_Disc_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="374" data-file-height="375"></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://constitutionparty.com/">constitutionparty.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128321#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #A356DE;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of United States">Politics of United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties in United States">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in United States">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px 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0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style> The party was founded by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a>, a conservative activist, after President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> violated his pledge of "<a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">read my lips: no new taxes</a>". During the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a> and <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a> presidential elections, the party sought to give its presidential nomination to prominent politicians including <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a>, but was unsuccessful and instead selected Phillips as its presidential nominee in three successive elections. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> was given the presidential nomination in <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> in <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a> (although he faced opposition from multiple state affiliates), <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a> in <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a>, Darrell Castle in <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Blankenship" title="Don Blankenship">Don Blankenship</a> in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a> and <a href="/wiki/Randall_Terry" title="Randall Terry">Randall Terry</a> in <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a>. In 2000, <a href="/wiki/Rick_Jore" title="Rick Jore">Rick Jore</a>, a three-term Republican member of the Montana House of Representatives, became the first member of the party to hold a seat in a state legislature. He was defeated in the 2000, 2002 and 2004 elections; however, he was elected to a state legislature in 2006, the first Constitution Party candidate to be elected. In 2002, Greg Moeller became the first member of the party to win a partisan election. The Constitution parties of Minnesota and <a href="/wiki/American_Constitution_Party_(Colorado)" title="American Constitution Party (Colorado)">Colorado</a> have both achieved major party status once. As of June 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitution_Party_(United_States)&action=edit">[update]</a>, the Constitution Party has 28 members who have been elected to <a href="/wiki/City_council" class="mw-redirect" title="City council">city council</a> seats and other <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">municipal offices</a> across the United States.<a href="#cite_note-current-14">[14]</a> In terms of registered members, the party ranks fifth among national parties in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Formation">1.1 Formation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#1990s">1.2 1990s</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#1992_presidential_election">1.2.1 1992 presidential election</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#1996_presidential_election">1.2.2 1996 presidential election</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#2000s">1.3 2000s</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#2000_presidential_election">1.3.1 2000 presidential election</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#2004_presidential_election">1.3.2 2004 presidential election</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#2008_presidential_election">1.3.3 2008 presidential election</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#2010s">1.4 2010s</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#2012_presidential_election">1.4.1 2012 presidential election</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#2020s">1.5 2020s</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><a href="#2020_presidential_election">1.5.1 2020 presidential election</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="#2024_presidential_election">1.5.2 2024 presidential election</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Impact">1.6 Impact</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Voter_registration_and_notable_members">2 Voter registration and notable members</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Platform">3 Platform</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Domestic">3.1 Domestic</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#Electoral_College">3.1.1 Electoral College</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#Environmental_policy">3.1.2 Environmental policy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="#Federalism">3.1.3 Federalism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><a href="#Fiscal_policy">3.1.4 Fiscal policy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-23"><a href="#Social_policy">3.1.5 Social policy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-24"><a href="#Religion">3.1.6 Religion</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Foreign">3.2 Foreign</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-26"><a href="#Trade">3.2.1 Trade</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-27"><a href="#Immigration_policy">3.2.2 Immigration policy</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#Electoral_results">4 Electoral results</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#President">4.1 President</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#House_of_Representatives">4.2 House of Representatives</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#Senate">4.3 Senate</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="#Best_results_in_major_races">4.4 Best results in major races</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="#See_also">5 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="#References">6 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="#External_links">7 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3></div> During the <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988 presidential election</a>, Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> stated "<a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">read my lips: no new taxes</a>" at the <a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">1988 Republican National Convention</a>. However, Bush violated that pledge during his <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">presidency</a>. Following the breaking of the no new taxes pledge, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a> announced that he would form a <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">third political party</a> called the U.S. Taxpayers' Party.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Phillips formed his new party through the U.S. Taxpayers Alliance, an organization he had founded and which had affiliates in twenty-five states, using its mailing list to announce the formation of a new party.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Phillips also attempted to create a coalition with state affiliates of the <a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American Party</a>, but was rejected.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The party was accepted into the <a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_Free_and_Open_Elections" title="Coalition for Free and Open Elections">Coalition for Free and Open Elections</a> alongside the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Socialist_Party" title="Freedom Socialist Party">Freedom Socialist Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The party launched its first petition drive when Jack Perry started a campaign to appear on the 1991 <a href="/wiki/1991_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1991 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania">United States special election</a> ballot in Pennsylvania.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3></div> From January 25 to 26, 1997, the national committee of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party convened in Miami, Florida. During their meeting it was proposed to change the name of the party to either "Constitutional" or "Independent American", but the vote was tied 27 to 27 so U.S. Taxpayers' was retained as the party's name.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In March 1999, another name change was proposed, with American Independent, American Heritage, Constitutional, Independent American, and American Constitution as possible names, but it was unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> On September 3, 1999, the national convention of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party was held and during it the name of the party was successfully changed to Constitution.<a href="#cite_note-Taxpayers'_Party-25">[25]</a> Every state affiliate of the party, except for Nevada and California, changed their names except for in Michigan where the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Secretary_of_State" title="Michigan Secretary of State">Michigan Secretary of State</a> denied the request.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The party is still called the U.S. Taxpayers' Party in Michigan as of 2022.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 1998, Patricia Becker, the U.S. Taxpayer's nominee for Minnesota state auditor, received over 5% of the popular vote giving the U.S Taxpayers' Party major party status in Minnesota. The party would later hold caucuses during the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1992_presidential_election">1992 presidential election</h4></div> Members of the party sought to give its presidential nomination to <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992 presidential election</a>, but were unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In January 1992, Phillips was selected to serve as a tentative presidential candidate for the party until a more prominent candidate wanted the party's presidential nomination.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/Albion_W._Knight_Jr." title="Albion W. Knight Jr.">Albion W. Knight Jr.</a> was later selected to serve as the party's tentative vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> On April 15, Phillips announced that he would run for the presidency.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Phillips accepted the U.S. Taxpayers' Party's presidential nomination at its national convention in <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, which was held from September 4 to 5.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In the general election Phillips and Knight placed seventh with 43,400 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_1992-36">[36]</a> Following the 1992 presidential election, the U.S. Taxpayers' Party's had ballot qualified state affiliates in California, New Mexico, and South Carolina.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1996_presidential_election">1996 presidential election</h4></div> In 1996, Phillips sent a memo to conservative Christian leaders including <a href="/wiki/James_Dobson" title="James Dobson">James Dobson</a>, the head of <a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a>, stating that anti-abortion candidates like Pat Buchanan, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dornan" title="Bob Dornan">Bob Dornan</a> were unlikely to become the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> presidential nominee and that they should instead support an anti-abortion third party candidate.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Phillips supported giving the presidential nomination of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party to Buchanan.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Tom Staley, Buchanan's campaign chairman in northern Texas, stated that Buchanan would consider accepting the party's nomination if it had ballot access in all fifty states.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Phillips was given the party's presidential nomination again at its national convention in San Diego, California, on August 17, 1996, and <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Titus" title="Herbert Titus">Herbert Titus</a> was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In the general election Phillips and Titus placed sixth with 184,820 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_1996-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3></div> In 2000, a schism occurred within the party, with those who advocated an explicitly religious party leaving to form the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Liberty_Party" title="Christian Liberty Party">Christian Liberty Party</a>, then known as the American Heritage Party.<a href="#cite_note-Blevins2006-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Day2002-44">[44]</a> On February 15, 2000, <a href="/wiki/Rick_Jore" title="Rick Jore">Rick Jore</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Montana_House_of_Representatives" title="Montana House of Representatives">Montana House of Representatives</a> who had attended the 1999 Constitution Party National Convention, announced that he was leaving the Republican Party and joining the Constitution Party.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Jore unsuccessfully sought reelection in 2000, and unsuccessfully attempted to win election to the Montana House of Representatives in 2002, and 2004, before winning election to the state house in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> On November 5, 2002, Greg Moeller became the first member of the Constitution Party to win a partisan election when he won election as a <a href="/wiki/Scott_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Iowa" title="Scott Township, Hamilton County, Iowa">Scott Township</a> Trustee in <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Iowa" title="Hamilton County, Iowa">Hamilton County, Iowa</a>, with only a write-in opponent.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_of_Oregon" title="Constitution Party of Oregon">Constitution Party of Oregon</a> disaffiliated with the national Constitution Party over disagreements regarding abortion policy. However, despite disaffiliating the Constitution Party of Oregon gave its presidential nomination to Baldwin during the 2008 presidential election. During the 2012 presidential election the party attempted to give its presidential nomination to Ron Paul, but he rejected it and Will Christensen was given the nomination instead. In 2013, the Constitution Party of Oregon affiliated with the Independent American Party.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000_presidential_election">2000 presidential election</h4></div> Unlike the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections the U.S. Taxpayers' Party did not seek a prominent politician to give its presidential nomination to.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> New Hampshire Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a> announced that he was leaving the Republican Party on July 13, 1999, and briefly sought the presidential nomination of the Constitution Party before dropping out.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> On September 4, 1999, the party selected to give its presidential nomination to Phillips and its vice-presidential nomination to <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sobran" title="Joseph Sobran">Joseph Sobran</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Taxpayers'_Party-25">[25]</a> However, on March 31, 2000, Sobran resigned from the ticket due to conflicts between him being a columnist and vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> On September 2, Curtis Frazier was selected to replace Sobran as the party's vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In the general election Phillips and Frazier placed sixth with 98,027 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_2000-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2004_presidential_election">2004 presidential election</h4></div> On November 7, 2003, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> announced that he would seek the Constitution Party's presidential nomination and on the same day the party selected him to serve as the stand-in presidential candidate.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> He won the presidential nominations of the American Independent and <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Independence_Party" title="Alaskan Independence Party">Alaskan Independence</a> parties.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Peroutka was given the party's presidential nomination and <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> was given the party's vice-presidential nomination.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2008_presidential_election">2008 presidential election</h4></div> Chuck Baldwin and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a> sought the Constitution Party's presidential nomination during the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 presidential election</a>. At the party's national convention Baldwin defeated Keyes winning the party's presidential nomination and Darrell Castle was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Baldwin also received the presidential nomination of the Reform Party of Kansas.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In the general election they placed sixth with 199,880 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_2008-62">[62]</a> However, the <a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a>, which had been affiliated with the Constitution since 1991, split into two factions between supports of Baldwin and Keyes.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ballot_Access_News-64">[64]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_California" title="Secretary of State of California">Secretary of State of California</a> ruled that the presidential ticket of Keyes and <a href="/wiki/Wiley_Drake" title="Wiley Drake">Wiley Drake</a> had the nomination of the American Independent Party.<a href="#cite_note-Ballot_Access_News-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> In the general election they placed ninth with 47,941 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_2008-62">[62]</a> On September 5, the Constitution Party of Montana submitted a list of presidential electors pledged to <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a> for president and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> for vice-president. Paul was aware and that he would not object as long as he did not need to sign any declaration of candidacy.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> However, Paul later wrote a letter to the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Montana" title="Secretary of State of Montana">Secretary of State of Montana</a> asking for his name to be removed from the ballot as he was nominated without permission, but it was too late to remove his name from the ballot.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Paul also appeared on the ballot in Louisiana under the name "Louisiana Taxpayers Party" with <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_Jr." title="Barry Goldwater Jr.">Barry Goldwater Jr.</a> as his vice-presidential running mate.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Paul later endorsed Baldwin for president.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In the general election he placed tenth with 47,512 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_2008-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg/220px-2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="589"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg/220px-2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg/330px-2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg/440px-2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>County results of the <a href="/wiki/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Colorado gubernatorial election">2010 Colorado gubernatorial election</a></figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Colorado gubernatorial election">2010 Colorado gubernatorial election</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Constitution_Party_(Colorado)" title="American Constitution Party (Colorado)">American Constitution Party</a>, the Constitution Party's affiliate in Colorado, gave its gubernatorial nomination to <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tancredo" title="Tom Tancredo">Tom Tancredo</a>. In the general election Tancredo received over 36% of the popular vote, more than the 10% required for major party status in Colorado.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> During the campaign the American Constitution Party's voter registration doubled from 1,271 to 2,731 voters.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Major party status in Colorado gave the party the ability to appoint seventeen members to Colorado state boards and commissions, but the party suffered from complicated campaign finance reports and fines from errors and omissions in the reports which led to a negative bank account balance.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012_presidential_election">2012 presidential election</h4></div> On February 21, 2012, <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a>, a former member of the United States House of Representatives who had served as a Democrat, <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">independent</a>, and Republican, announced that he would seek the Constitution Party's presidential nomination.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Goode won the nomination at the party's national convention which was held from April 18 to 21, 2012, in Nashville, Tennessee, and Jim Clymer was selected to serve as his vice-presidential running mate.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Goode was the first Constitution Party presidential nominee to have held elected federal or state office.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In the general election Goode and Clymer placed sixth with 122,417 votes.<a href="#cite_note-election_2012-77">[77]</a> The Reform Party of Kansas gave its presidential nomination to Chuck Baldwin and its vice-presidential nomination to Joseph Martin as his vice-presidential running mate.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> However, the party attempted to give its presidential nomination to Goode, but the attempt to change the nomination was rejected by the Kansas State Objections Board.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020s">2020s</h3></div> In 2020, the Virginia, Idaho, South Dakota, and Alaska Constitution parties disaffiliated with the national Constitution Party and the Montana Constitution Party disbanded.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> On April 14, the Constitution Party of Virginia's state committee voted to reaffiliate with the national Constitution Party, but was rejected by the national party on May 2.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2020_presidential_election">2020 presidential election</h4></div> From October 18 to 19, 2019, a meeting of the Constitution Party's national committee was held. <a href="/wiki/Don_Blankenship" title="Don Blankenship">Don Blankenship</a> served as a speaker at the meeting and announced his intention to run for the party's presidential nomination.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> On May 2, 2020, Blankenship won the party's nomination at its virtual convention and William Mohr was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> However, the Constitution parties of Virginia and New Mexico instead gave their presidential nominations to Sheila Tittle and the Virginia Constitution Party gave its vice-presidential nomination to Matthew Hehl.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The South Carolina Constitution Party chose to not run a presidential candidate during the 2020 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2024_presidential_election">2024 presidential election</h4></div> The party nominated <a href="/wiki/United_States_anti-abortion_movement" title="United States anti-abortion movement">anti-abortion</a> activist <a href="/wiki/Randall_Terry" title="Randall Terry">Randall Terry</a> for president and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Broden" title="Stephen Broden">Stephen Broden</a> for vice president.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Some state parties such as <a href="/wiki/Independent_American_Party_of_Nevada" title="Independent American Party of Nevada">Nevada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Utah_Constitution_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Utah Constitution Party">Utah</a> rejected Terry's nomination and instead nominated convention opponent <a href="/wiki/Joel_Skousen" title="Joel Skousen">Joel Skousen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-p585-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact">Impact</h3></div> The party has sometimes been described as a <a href="/wiki/Spoiler_effect" title="Spoiler effect">spoiler</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-h361-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-z298-92">[92]</a> There have been instances of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> helping Constitution Party candidates for this reason, such as by running ads for their nominee in the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Carolina" title="2020 United States Senate election in South Carolina">2020 United States Senate election in South Carolina</a><a href="#cite_note-z251-93">[93]</a> or assisting Randall Terry, their nominee in the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024 presidential election</a>, with ballot access and campaign promotion efforts.<a href="#cite_note-d824-94">[94]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Voter_registration_and_notable_members">Voter registration and notable members</h2></div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg/100px-CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="141" data-file-height="271"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 192px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg/100px-CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/CPWVa_Party_Symbol.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>CPWV symbol</figcaption></figure> Multiple Republicans, including Bob Smith, Virgil Goode, Tom Tancredo, <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Craswell" title="Ellen Craswell">Ellen Craswell</a>, Rick Jore, and <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Davis" title="Cynthia Davis">Cynthia Davis</a>, have joined the Constitution Party.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> On April 2, 2002, <a href="/wiki/Ezola_Foster" title="Ezola Foster">Ezola Foster</a>, who had served as the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party of the United States of America</a>'s vice-presidential nominee during the 2000 presidential election, left the Reform Party to join the Constitution Party. From 2002 to 2004, she served on the party's national committee.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilchrist" title="Jim Gilchrist">Jim Gilchrist</a>, the founder of the <a href="/wiki/The_Minuteman_Project_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="The Minuteman Project Inc.">Minuteman Project</a>, ran for a seat in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/California%27s_48th_congressional_district" title="California's 48th congressional district">California's 48th congressional district</a> in a 2005 <a href="/wiki/2005_California%27s_48th_congressional_district_special_election" title="2005 California's 48th congressional district special election">special election</a>. He was the nominee of the American Independent Party, when it was affiliated with the Constitution Party, and placed third with 26,507 votes (25.5%).<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> During the campaign, Gilchrist had raised more money than all of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> candidates combined.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Gilchrist's 25.5% was the highest percentage of the vote received for a third party candidate in a United States House of Representatives election where both major parties participated since the <a href="/wiki/A_Connecticut_Party_(1990)" class="mw-redirect" title="A Connecticut Party (1990)">A Connecticut Party</a> received 26.3% in <a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 1st congressional district">Connecticut's 1st congressional district</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Corsi" title="Jerome Corsi">Jerome Corsi</a>, who co-authored books with Gilchrist and Ohio Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Ken_Blackwell" title="Ken Blackwell">Ken Blackwell</a>, considered running for the Constitution Party's presidential nomination during the 2008 presidential election, but declined to seek the nomination.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Miller_(Alaska_politician)" title="Joe Miller (Alaska politician)">Joe Miller</a>, who ran as the Republican nominee in Alaska's <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alaska" title="2010 United States Senate election in Alaska">2010 Senate election</a>, considered running for the Constitution Party's presidential nomination during the 2016 presidential election, but later declined.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">John Hostettler</a>, who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1994 to 2006 as a Republican, also considered running for the party's presidential nomination in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> On November 18, 2010, Virgil Goode joined the national committee of the Constitution Party. Goode served as a speaker at the Constitution Party's national committee meetings in 2009 and 2012.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Goode later served as the party's presidential nominee during the 2012 presidential election. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>RV.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Membership2021-1">[1]</a></th> <th>%</th> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <td>1992</td> <td>247,995</td> <td>0.3</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td>246,951</td> <td>0.3</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td>306,900</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td>317,510</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>348,977</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td>325,828</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td>367,521</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td>438,222</td> <td>0.4</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>476,669</td> <td>0.5</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>77,918</td> <td>0.1</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td>92,483</td> <td>0.1</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td>105,668</td> <td>0.1</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020</td> <td>118,088</td> <td>0.1</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021</td> <td>137,367</td> <td>0.1</td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  nil% </td></tr> </tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Platform">Platform</h2></div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic">Domestic</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Electoral_College">Electoral College</h4></div> The Constitution Party's 2016 platform supported retaining the Electoral College and was opposed to establishing a popular vote system to elect the president and vice president of the United States.<a href="#cite_note-:2-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Environmental_policy">Environmental policy</h4></div> The party believes that "it is our responsibility to be prudent, productive, and efficient stewards of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God's</a> natural resources".<a href="#cite_note-Environment-115">[115]</a> The party rejects the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a>, saying that "<a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(conspiracy_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Order (conspiracy theory)">globalists</a> are using the global warming threat to gain more control via worldwide sustainable development". According to the party, <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a> is unlawful because "under no circumstances may the federal government take private property, by means of rules and regulations which preclude or substantially reduce the productive use of the property, even with just compensation".<a href="#cite_note-Environment-115">[115]</a> In regards to energy, the party calls attention to "the continuing need of the United States for a sufficient supply of energy for national security and for the immediate adoption of a policy of free market solutions to achieve energy independence for the United States," and calls for the abolition of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">Department of Energy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Federalism">Federalism</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">States' rights</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Federalism" title="New Federalism">New Federalism</a></div> The party supports the repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Sixteenth Amendment</a>, which allows Congress to tax income derived from interest, dividends, and capital gains, and the <a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Seventeenth Amendment</a>, which requires the direct (popular) election of Senators.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The party holds that each state's membership in the Union is voluntary,<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> a stance known as the <a href="/wiki/Compact_theory" title="Compact theory">compact theory</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fiscal_policy">Fiscal policy</h4></div> The Constitution Party's 2012 platform called for phasing out <a href="/wiki/Social_security" class="mw-redirect" title="Social security">social security</a>, and the 2016 platform states that "Social Security is a form of individual welfare not authorized in the Constitution".<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-114">[114]</a> The 2012 platform supports reducing the role of the United States federal government through cutting <a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">bureaucratic</a> regulation, reducing spending, and replacing the <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Tariff" title="Tariff">tariff</a>-based revenue system supplemented by <a href="/wiki/Excise_taxes" class="mw-redirect" title="Excise taxes">excise taxes</a>. The party also takes the position that the "imposition [...] of Federal income, payroll, and estate taxes [...] is an unconstitutional Federal assumption of direct taxing authority".<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The party also supports the prohibition of <a href="/wiki/Fractional-reserve_banking" title="Fractional-reserve banking">Fractional-reserve banking</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-114">[114]</a> and the return to the <a href="/wiki/Gold_standard" title="Gold standard">Gold standard</a> saying quote "The Constitution forbade the States from accepting or using anything other than a Gold and Silver based currency"<a href="#cite_note-:2-114">[114]</a> as stated in the 2016-2020 platform. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_policy">Social policy</h4></div> The party opposes <a href="/wiki/Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">euthanasia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, including in cases of rape and incest.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The party supports the right of states to administer the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> The party opposes any government legislation to authorize or define marriage contrary to the Bible, and states that "The law of our Creator defines marriage as the union between one man and one woman".<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> It supports the right for local and state governments to "proscribe offensive sexual behavior" and rejects "the notion that homosexuals, transgenders [sic] or those who are sexually deviant are deserving of legal favor or special protection".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> The party strongly opposes "adoption by homosexual singles or couples". The party also opposes <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a>, believing that it is "a destructive element of society resulting in significant and real emotional, physical, spiritual and financial costs to individuals, families and communities," and distinguishable from the US citizen's "cherished <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> right to free speech." While expressing its belief in the individual responsibility of citizens and corporations, the party maintains that government plays a "vital role" in establishing and maintaining the highest level of decency in America's community standards.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> The party opposes all government sponsorship, involvement in, or promotion of <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gambling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Citing <a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_8:_Powers_of_Congress" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article 1 Section 8</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Amendment 10</a>, the party opposes federal <a href="/wiki/Drug_prohibition" title="Drug prohibition">anti-drug laws</a>, while conceding that the federal government may have a role in limiting the import of drugs.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The Constitution Party believes that charitable giving is most effective when conducted by private parties. Because the authority to administer charity has not been granted to the government in the Constitution, the party maintains that the government has no business being involved in such endeavors.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The party opposes federal restrictions on, or subsidization of, medical treatments.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/English-only_movement" title="English-only movement">English-only movement</a></div> The party supports English as the official language for all governmental business, opposes bilingual ballots, and insists that those who wish to take part in the electoral process and governance of the U.S. be required to read and comprehend basic English as a precondition for citizenship.<a href="#cite_note-Party_Platform_Immigration-130">[130]</a> In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a> described the party as a "Patriot Group," a category of parties that "advocate or adhere to extreme anti-government doctrines".<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Religion">Religion</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/R._J._Rushdoony" title="R. J. Rushdoony">R. J. Rushdoony</a>, a main figure in <a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism" title="Christian reconstructionism">Christian reconstructionism</a>, helped write the party's 1992 platform. The 1992 platform stated that "the U.S. Constitution established a republic under God, not a democracy". Christian reconstructionism has been influential in the Constitution Party and calls for the remaking of government and society according to Old Testament Biblical law.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The preamble of the 2004 platform states that the Lordship of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Christ Jesus</a> and the Bible are the final authority of law. It also stated that the purpose of the party was to restore American jurisprudence to its biblical and constitutional roots.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign">Foreign</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trade">Trade</h4></div> The Constitution Party's 2012 platform supports a <a href="/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism" title="United States non-interventionism">non-interventionist</a> foreign policy. It advocates reduction and eventual elimination of the role the United States plays in multinational and international organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> and favors withdrawal of the United States from most treaties, such as <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> (NAFTA), the <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a> (GATT) and the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>. The party supports <a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">protectionist</a> policies in international trade. The party also believes in exercising a <a href="/wiki/Tariff" title="Tariff">tariff</a> system to counteract the United States' increasingly negative <a href="/wiki/Balance_of_trade" title="Balance of trade">balance of trade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Immigration_policy">Immigration policy</h4></div> In 2012, the party opposed immigration to the United States without government permission, and sought <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_immigration" title="Opposition to immigration">stricter controls on legal immigration</a>. It demanded that the federal government implement an immigration policy disqualifying potential immigrants on grounds of ill health, criminality, low morals, or financial dependence, claiming that they would impose an improper burden on the United States. The party favored a moratorium on future immigration, with exceptions only for extreme cases of necessity, until federal welfare programs have been phased out and a better vetting program is in place.<a href="#cite_note-Party_Platform_Immigration-130">[130]</a> The party opposes <a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">welfare</a> <a href="/wiki/Subsidy" title="Subsidy">subsidies</a> and other benefits to undocumented immigrants. It rejects the practice of bestowing U.S. citizenship on children born to illegal immigrant parents while in this country (<a href="/wiki/Jus_soli" title="Jus soli">jus soli</a>), and flatly rejects any extension of <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> to undocumented immigrants. The Constitution Party additionally calls for the use of the United States military to enforce its strict immigration policy. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Electoral_results">Electoral results</h2></div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President">President</h3></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th width="300">Presidential nominee </th> <th>Home state </th> <th width="300">Previous positions </th> <th width="300">Vice presidential nominee </th> <th>Home state </th> <th width="300">Previous positions </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="464"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" data-width="100" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/150px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/200px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>Chairman of <a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">The Conservative Caucus</a> Candidate for <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 6th congressional district">Massachusetts's 6th congressional district</a> (<a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1970 United States House of Representatives elections">1970</a>) Candidate for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Massachusetts (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts,_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 1978">1978</a>) </td> <td> <a href="/wiki/Albion_W._Knight_Jr." title="Albion W. Knight Jr.">Albion W. Knight</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>Presiding Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/United_Episcopal_Church_of_North_America" title="United Episcopal Church of North America">United Episcopal Church of North America</a> (1989–1992) </td> <td>43,369 (nil%) 0 EV (#7) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="464"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" data-width="100" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/150px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/200px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>(see above for previous positions) Nominee for President of the United States (1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Titus" title="Herbert Titus">Herbert Titus</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>Lawyer, writer </td> <td>184,656 (0.2%) 0 EV (#6) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="464"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/100px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG" data-width="100" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/150px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG/200px-Howard_Phillips_-v2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>(see above for previous positions) Nominee for President of the United States (1992; 1996) </td> <td>Curtis Frazier </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/35px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/46px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>Nominee for United States Senator from Missouri (<a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri" title="1998 United States Senate election in Missouri">1998</a>) </td> <td>98,020 (0.1%) 0 EV (#6) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>Lawyer Founder of the Institute on the Constitution </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:CBaldwin08_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="253"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 127px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="127" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>Pastor, radio host </td> <td>143,630 (0.1%) 0 EV (#5) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:CBaldwin08_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="253"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 127px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="127" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/CBaldwin08_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin_presidential_campaign,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Chuck Baldwin presidential campaign, 2008">campaign</a>) </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>Nominee for Vice President of the United States (2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:DCastle08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/100px-DCastle08.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="251"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 142px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/100px-DCastle08.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="142" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/150px-DCastle08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Darrell_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Darrell Castle">Darrell Castle</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>Lawyer </td> <td>199,750 (0.2%) 0 EV (#5) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Virgil_Goode,_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg/100px-Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="548"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 122px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg/100px-Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="122" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg/150px-Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg/200px-Virgil_Goode%2C_official_109th_Congress_photo.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a> (<a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode_presidential_campaign,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgil Goode presidential campaign, 2012">campaign</a>) </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>Member of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">Virginia Senate</a> (1973–1997) Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Virginia%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Virginia's 5th congressional district">Virginia's 5th district</a> (1997–2009) </td> <td>Jim Clymer </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="540"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="21" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/41px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>Nominee for <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Pennsylvania" title="Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania">Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania</a> (1994; <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election,_1998" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania lieutenant gubernatorial election, 1998">1998</a>) Chair of the Constitution Party (1999–2012) Nominee for <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney General of Pennsylvania">Attorney General of Pennsylvania</a> (2000) Nominee for United States Senator from Pennsylvania (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Pennsylvania,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 2004">2004</a>) </td> <td>122,388 (0.1%) 0 EV (#5) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:DCastle08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/100px-DCastle08.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="251"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 142px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/100px-DCastle08.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="142" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg/150px-DCastle08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/DCastle08.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Darrell_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Darrell Castle">Darrell Castle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Darrell_Castle_presidential_campaign,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Darrell Castle presidential campaign, 2016">campaign</a>) </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><a href="#cite_note-USN-137">[137]</a> </td> <td>Nominee for Vice President of the United States (2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bradley_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Bradley (politician)">Scott Bradley</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="432"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td>Nominee for United States Senator from Utah (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Utah, 2006">2006</a>; <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah,_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Utah, 2010">2010</a>) </td> <td>203,069 (0.2%) 0 EV (#6) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-USN-137">[137]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Don_Blankenship_Image_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg/100px-Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="542"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg/100px-Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg" data-width="100" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg/150px-Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg/200px-Don_Blankenship_Image_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Don_Blankenship" title="Don Blankenship">Don Blankenship</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/46px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td>Former CEO of <a href="/wiki/Massey_Energy" title="Massey Energy">Massey Energy</a> Republican candidate for U.S. Senate from West Virginia (2018) </td> <td> William Mohr </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="457"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>Chairman of the U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan </td> <td>60,023 (nil%) 0 EV (#8) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/100px-Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="3451"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 130px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/100px-Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="130" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/150px-Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/200px-Randall_Terry_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Randall_Terry" title="Randall Terry">Randall Terry</a> (<a href="/wiki/Randall_Terry_2024_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Randall Terry 2024 presidential campaign">campaign</a>) </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>Anti-abortion activist Candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Stephenbroden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Stephenbroden.jpg/100px-Stephenbroden.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="291"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 121px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Stephenbroden.jpg/100px-Stephenbroden.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="121" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Stephenbroden.jpg/150px-Stephenbroden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Stephenbroden.jpg/200px-Stephenbroden.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Broden" title="Stephen Broden">Stephen Broden</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>Pastor Republican candidate for U.S. House in Texas (<a href="/wiki/Stephen_Broden#2010_election" title="Stephen Broden">2010</a>) </td> <td>41,107 (nil%) 0 EV (#8) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a> (alternate) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Joel_Skousen_2024.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Joel_Skousen_2024.png/100px-Joel_Skousen_2024.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="928"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Joel_Skousen_2024.png/100px-Joel_Skousen_2024.png" data-width="100" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Joel_Skousen_2024.png/150px-Joel_Skousen_2024.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Joel_Skousen_2024.png/200px-Joel_Skousen_2024.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Joel_Skousen" title="Joel Skousen">Joel Skousen</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="432"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td>Survivalist and consultant from <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg/100px-Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg/100px-Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg/150px-Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Rik_Combs_portrait.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Rik_Combs" class="mw-redirect" title="Rik Combs">Rik Combs</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/35px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/46px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>Businessman and 2020 Libertarian nominee for governor from Missouri </td> <td>12,783 (nil%) 0 EV (#8) </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_of_Representatives">House of Representatives</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>No. of overall votes </th> <th>% of overall vote </th> <th>No. of representatives </th> <th>+/- </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2000 United States House of Representatives elections">2000</a> </th> <td>122,936 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2002 United States House of Representatives elections">2002</a> </th> <td>99,306 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2004 United States House of Representatives elections">2004</a> </th> <td>132,613 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2006 United States House of Representatives elections">2006</a> </th> <td>68,031 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2008 United States House of Representatives elections">2008</a> </th> <td>136,021 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2010 United States House of Representatives elections">2010</a> </th> <td>123,841 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2012 United States House of Representatives elections">2012</a> </th> <td>118,102 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections">2016</a> </th> <td>127,376 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections">2018</a> </th> <td>74,956 </td> <td>nil </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2020 United States House of Representatives elections">2020</a> </th> <td>82,567 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022</a> </th> <td>44,314 </td> <td>0.04% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: Green; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">General election results source:<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senate">Senate</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year</th> <th>No. of total votes</th> <th>% of vote</th> <th>No. of seats won </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1998 United States Senate elections">1998</a> </th> <td>183,588 </td> <td>0.3 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2000 United States Senate elections">2000</a> </th> <td>286,816 </td> <td>0.4 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2002 United States Senate elections">2002</a> </th> <td>60,456 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2004 United States Senate elections">2004</a> </th> <td>404,853 </td> <td>0.5 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2006 United States Senate elections">2006</a> </th> <td>133,037 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2008 United States Senate elections">2008</a> </th> <td>240,729 </td> <td>0.4 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2010 United States Senate elections">2010</a> </th> <td>338,593 </td> <td>0.5 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2012 United States Senate elections">2012</a> </th> <td>140,636 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2014 United States Senate elections">2014</a> </th> <td>100,395 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2016 United States Senate elections">2016</a> </th> <td>93,315 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2018 United States Senate elections">2018</a> </th> <td>57,932 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2020 United States Senate elections">2020</a> </th> <td>110,851 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2022 United States Senate elections">2022</a> </th> <td>40,419 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4">General election results source:<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Best_results_in_major_races">Best results in major races</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Office </th> <th>Percent (%) </th> <th>District </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Candidate </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">President </td> <td>1.3 </td> <td>Utah </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="2008 United States presidential election in Utah">2008</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1.2 </td> <td>Alaska </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alaska" title="2016 United States presidential election in Alaska">2016</a> </td> <td>Darrell Castle </td></tr> <tr> <td>0.8 </td> <td>Washington </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="2016 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">2016</a> </td> <td>Darrell Castle </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">US Senate </td> <td>5.7 </td> <td>Utah </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="2010 United States Senate election in Utah">2010</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bradley_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Bradley (politician)">Scott Bradley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.2 </td> <td>Oregon </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oregon" title="2008 United States Senate election in Oregon">2008</a> </td> <td>David Brownlow </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0 </td> <td>Pennsylvania </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="2004 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania">2004</a> </td> <td>Jim Clymer </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">US House </td> <td>21.1 </td> <td>Florida District 16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections#Florida" title="2002 United States House of Representatives elections">2002</a> </td> <td>Jack McLain </td></tr> <tr> <td>16.9 </td> <td>Alabama District 1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Alabama#District_1" title="2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama">2010</a> </td> <td>David M. Walter </td></tr> <tr> <td>16.5 </td> <td>Virginia District 11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia#District_11" title="2002 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia">2002</a> </td> <td>Frank W. Creel </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Governor </td> <td>36.4 </td> <td>Colorado </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Colorado gubernatorial election">2010</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tancredo" title="Tom Tancredo">Tom Tancredo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15.5 </td> <td>Nevada </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1974_Nevada_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Nevada gubernatorial election">1974</a> </td> <td>James Houston </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.8 </td> <td>Pennsylvania </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1994_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">1994</a> </td> <td>Peg Luksik </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_National_Convention" title="Constitution Party National Convention">Constitution Party National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_the_Constitution_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral history of the Constitution Party">Electoral history of the Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">List of political parties in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoconservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Theoconservatism">Theoconservatism</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> Notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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Retrieved September 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+of+Michigan+Asks+Secretary+of+State+to+Let+it+Update+its+Name&rft.date=2019-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2019%2F03%2F27%2Fconstitution-party-of-michigan-asks-secretary-of-state-to-let-it-update-its-name%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChannel_32020" class="citation web cs1">Channel 3, Hannah Knowles I. News (September 28, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwmt.com/news/election/michigan-man-running-for-vice-president-with-the-us-taxpayers-party">"Michigan man running for vice president with the U.S. Taxpayers Party"</a>. WWMT. 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Star Tribune. March 8, 2000. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200912190946/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59154737/star-tribune/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Major+status+in+hand%2C+Constitution+Party+holds+its+first+caucuses&rft.pages=12&rft.date=2000-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F59154737%2Fstar-tribune%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58704670/south-florida-sun-sentinel/">"Rumors boost Rose Perot for the presidency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sun-Sentinel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun-Sentinel">South Florida Sun-Sentinel</a>. November 24, 1991. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905183540/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58704670/south-florida-sun-sentinel/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Florida+Sun-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Rumors+boost+Rose+Perot+for+the+presidency&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1991-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58704670%2Fsouth-florida-sun-sentinel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58710146/intelligencer-journal/">"Clymer forms the U.S. Taxpayer Party in Pa"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Intelligencer_Journal" title="Intelligencer Journal">Intelligencer Journal</a>. November 25, 1991. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905200243/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58710146/intelligencer-journal/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Intelligencer+Journal&rft.atitle=Clymer+forms+the+U.S.+Taxpayer+Party+in+Pa.&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1991-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58710146%2Fintelligencer-journal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/2-2-92.pdf">"Taxpayers Party To Run Phillips"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. February 2, 1992. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200507135349/http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/2-2-92.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on May 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Taxpayers+Party+To+Run+Phillips&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1992-02-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1992%2F2-2-92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/3-1-92.pdf">"Taxpayers Party Chooses VP"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. March 1, 1992. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200718020627/http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/3-1-92.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Taxpayers+Party+Chooses+VP&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1992%2F3-1-92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/3-30-92.pdf">"Phillips Wins Massachusetts Race"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. March 30, 1992. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200714053440/http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/3-30-92.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Phillips+Wins+Massachusetts+Race&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1992-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1992%2F3-30-92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58712180/the-alliance-times-herald/">"1992 national convention"</a>. The Alliance Times-Herald. September 14, 1992. p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905203126/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58712180/the-alliance-times-herald/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Alliance+Times-Herald&rft.atitle=1992+national+convention&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1992-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58712180%2Fthe-alliance-times-herald%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/9-9-92.pdf">"National Conventions"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. September 9, 1992. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716030618/http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/9-9-92.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=National+Conventions&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1992-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1992%2F9-9-92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-election_1992-36"><a href="#cite_ref-election_1992_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1992&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1992 Presidential General Election Results"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dave_Leip%27s_Atlas_of_U.S._Presidential_Elections" title="Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections">Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905205202/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1992&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. 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November 6, 1992. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716030611/http://www.ballot-access.org/1992/11-6-92.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Changes+In+Ballot+Status&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1992-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1992%2F11-6-92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58727586/the-spokesman-review/">"Memo to Christians: Be ready to abandon GOP"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. July 6, 1995. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906003525/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58727586/the-spokesman-review/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Memo+to+Christians%3A+Be+ready+to+abandon+GOP&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1995-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58727586%2Fthe-spokesman-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58728345/chicago-tribune/">"Can Buchanan take center stage?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. September 1, 1995. p. 139. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906004419/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58728345/chicago-tribune/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Can+Buchanan+take+center+stage%3F&rft.pages=139&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58728345%2Fchicago-tribune%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58728448/the-billings-gazette/">"Independent party wants Buchanan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billings_Gazette" title="Billings Gazette">Billings Gazette</a>. March 21, 1996. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906004423/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58728448/the-billings-gazette/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billings+Gazette&rft.atitle=Independent+party+wants+Buchanan&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1996-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F58728448%2Fthe-billings-gazette%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1996/0909.html">"U.S. Taxpayers Party Convention"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. September 9, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716030454/http://www.ballot-access.org/1996/0909.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=U.S.+Taxpayers+Party+Convention&rft.date=1996-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1996%2F0909.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-election_1996-42"><a href="#cite_ref-election_1996_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1996&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1996 Presidential General Election Results"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dave_Leip%27s_Atlas_of_U.S._Presidential_Elections" title="Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections">Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908144522/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1996&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1996+Presidential+General+Election+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D1996%26minper%3D0%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blevins2006-43"><a href="#cite_ref-Blevins2006_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlevins2006" class="citation book cs1">Blevins, Dave (2006). American Political Parties in the 21st Century. <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. pp. 15–17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2480-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2480-1"><bdi>978-0-7864-2480-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Political+Parties+in+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=15-17&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-2480-1&rft.aulast=Blevins&rft.aufirst=Dave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Day2002-44"><a href="#cite_ref-Day2002_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay2002" class="citation book cs1">Day, Alan John (2002). Political Parties of the World. John Harper. p. 508. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9536278-7-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9536278-7-5"><bdi>978-0-9536278-7-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Parties+of+the+World&rft.pages=508&rft.pub=John+Harper&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-9536278-7-5&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Alan+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/0301.html">"Constitution Party Has A State Legislator"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. March 1, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908001741/http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/0301.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Has+A+State+Legislator&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2000%2F0301.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2002/0701.html">"Constitution Party"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. March 1, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908002211/http://www.ballot-access.org/2002/0701.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2002%2F0701.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2005/0101.html">"Montana Supreme Court Unseats Jore"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. January 1, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908003007/http://www.ballot-access.org/2005/0101.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Montana+Supreme+Court+Unseats+Jore&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2005%2F0101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2003/0101.html">"Constitution Party Wins Its First Partisan Election"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. January 1, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908002527/http://www.ballot-access.org/2003/0101.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Wins+Its+First+Partisan+Election&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2003%2F0101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2013/09/07/constitution-party-of-oregon-affiliates-itself-with-the-national-alliance-of-independent-american-parties/">"Constitution Party of Oregon Affiliates Itself with the National Alliance of Independent American Parties"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. September 7, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910002920/http://ballot-access.org/2013/09/07/constitution-party-of-oregon-affiliates-itself-with-the-national-alliance-of-independent-american-parties/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+of+Oregon+Affiliates+Itself+with+the+National+Alliance+of+Independent+American+Parties&rft.date=2013-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2013%2F09%2F07%2Fconstitution-party-of-oregon-affiliates-itself-with-the-national-alliance-of-independent-american-parties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1998/0405.html">"US Taxpayers Sets 2000 Convention"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. April 5, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908000641/http://www.ballot-access.org/1998/0405.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=US+Taxpayers+Sets+2000+Convention&rft.date=1998-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1998%2F0405.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/1999/0803.html">"Senator Smith Quits Republicans"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. August 3, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908145347/http://www.ballot-access.org/1999/0803.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Senator+Smith+Quits+Republicans&rft.date=1999-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F1999%2F0803.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2003/constitution-party-hopes-take-politics-extreme-2004">"The Constitution Party, the most extreme far right party in the U.S., is gearing up for a political power grab in 2004"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a>. November 12, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908145505/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2003/constitution-party-hopes-take-politics-extreme-2004">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Poverty+Law+Center&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+Party%2C+the+most+extreme+far+right+party+in+the+U.S.%2C+is+gearing+up+for+a+political+power+grab+in+2004.&rft.date=2003-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.splcenter.org%2Ffighting-hate%2Fintelligence-report%2F2003%2Fconstitution-party-hopes-take-politics-extreme-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/0501.html">"Constitution Party Loses Sobran"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. May 1, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908001231/http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/0501.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Loses+Sobran&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2000%2F0501.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/1001.html">"Constitution Party Chooses V-P"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. October 1, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908001438/http://www.ballot-access.org/2000/1001.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Chooses+V-P&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2000%2F1001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-election_2000-55"><a href="#cite_ref-election_2000_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=2000&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"2000 Presidential General Election Results"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dave_Leip%27s_Atlas_of_U.S._Presidential_Elections" title="Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections">Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908144620/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=2000&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=2000+Presidential+General+Election+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D2000%26minper%3D0%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2003/1201.html">"Constitution Party Likely To Choose Michael Peroutka"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. December 1, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200911221019/http://www.ballot-access.org/2003/1201.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Likely+To+Choose+Michael+Peroutka&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2003%2F1201.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2004/0401.html">"American Independent and Alaska Independence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. April 1, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200911221019/http://www.ballot-access.org/2003/1201.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=American+Independent+and+Alaska+Independence&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2004%2F0401.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2004/0801.html">"Constitution Party Nominates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. August 1, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200911221337/http://www.ballot-access.org/2004/0801.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Nominates&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2004%2F0801.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2008/04/26/chuck-baldwin-is-constitution-party-nominee-for-president/">"Chuck Baldwin is Constitution Party Nominee for President"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. April 26, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906183714/http://ballot-access.org/2008/04/26/chuck-baldwin-is-constitution-party-nominee-for-president/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Chuck+Baldwin+is+Constitution+Party+Nominee+for+President&rft.date=2008-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2008%2F04%2F26%2Fchuck-baldwin-is-constitution-party-nominee-for-president%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2008/04/26/darrell-castle-is-constitution-party-vice-presidential-nominee/">"Darrell Castle is Constitution Party Vice-Presidential Nominee"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. April 26, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906183734/http://ballot-access.org/2008/04/26/darrell-castle-is-constitution-party-vice-presidential-nominee/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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July 8, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910031901/http://ballot-access.org/2008/07/08/kansas-secretary-of-state-accepts-reform-party-paperwork-for-president/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. 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July 7, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906182647/http://ballot-access.org/2008/07/07/alan-keyes-faction-of-the-american-independent-party-of-california/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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March 10, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906182847/http://ballot-access.org/2011/03/10/alan-keyes-faction-of-american-independent-party-tentatively-wins-intra-party-on-procedural-issues/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Alan+Keyes+Faction+of+American+Independent+Party+Tentatively+Wins+Intra-Party+Dispute+on+Procedural+Issues&rft.date=2011-03-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2011%2F03%2F10%2Falan-keyes-faction-of-american-independent-party-tentatively-wins-intra-party-on-procedural-issues%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2008/09/05/montana-constitution-party-submits-presidential-electors-pledged-to-ron-paul-and-michael-peroutka/">"Montana Constitution Party Submits Presidential Electors Pledged to Ron Paul and Michael Peroutka"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. September 5, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906184236/http://ballot-access.org/2008/09/05/montana-constitution-party-submits-presidential-electors-pledged-to-ron-paul-and-michael-peroutka/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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September 11, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906184540/https://flatheadbeacon.com/2008/09/11/ron-paul-wants-off-montana-ballot/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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September 4, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906184759/http://ballot-access.org/2008/09/04/louisiana-asked-to-print-ron-paul-on-ballot-as-presidential-candidate/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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September 23, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200906185011/https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Republican_Congressman_Ron_Paul_endorses_Constitution_Party_nominee_Chuck_Baldwin_for_President_of_the_United_States">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2020. 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March 6, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905225047/https://www.westword.com/news/american-constitution-party-faces-major-headaches-as-a-major-colorado-party-5865526">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. 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November 16, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905225406/http://ballot-access.org/2010/11/16/colorado-constitution-party-registration-more-than-doubles-in-last-five-months/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. 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November 19, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905225642/http://ballot-access.org/2010/11/19/constitution-party-now-entitled-to-appoint-members-to-17-colorado-state-boards/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. 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August 27, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200905225640/http://ballot-access.org/2013/08/27/colorado-constitution-party-suffers-from-being-a-qualified-major-party/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020. 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March 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910032536/http://ballot-access.org/2012/04/01/march-2012-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. 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March 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910032705/http://ballot-access.org/2012/06/02/may-2012-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. 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February 17, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910032933/http://ballot-access.org/2012/02/17/virgil-goode-to-declare-presidency-candidacy-in-front-of-federal-hall-in-new-york-city-on-february-21/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. 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December 1, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908003753/http://www.ballot-access.org/2002/1201.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=2000+to+2002+voter+registration+%222002+October+Registration+Totals%22&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2002%2F1201.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ballot-access.org/2006/070106.html">"2004 voter registration "Mid-2006 Registration Totals""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. December 8, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200908003835/http://www.ballot-access.org/2006/070106.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=2004+voter+registration+%22Mid-2006+Registration+Totals%22&rft.date=1998-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ballot-access.org%2F2006%2F070106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2013/01/04/december-2012-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">"October 2012 Registration Totals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. December 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910173502/http://ballot-access.org/2013/01/04/december-2012-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=October+2012+Registration+Totals&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2013%2F01%2F04%2Fdecember-2012-ballot-access-news-print-edition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ballot-access.org/2020/03/27/march-2020-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">"Early 2020 Voter Registration Totals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ballot_Access_News" title="Ballot Access News">Ballot Access News</a>. March 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200910174147/http://ballot-access.org/2020/03/27/march-2020-ballot-access-news-print-edition/">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved April 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ballot+Access+News&rft.atitle=Early+2020+Voter+Registration+Totals&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2020%2F03%2F27%2Fmarch-2020-ballot-access-news-print-edition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_114-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_114-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_114-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constitutionparty.com/assets/2016-2010_National_Platform.pdf">"Constitution Party Platform, 2016-2020"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160915175728/https://www.constitutionparty.com/assets/2016-2010_National_Platform.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+Party+Platform%2C+2016-2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fassets%2F2016-2010_National_Platform.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Environment-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Environment_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Environment_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140401051035/http://www.constitutionparty.com/environment/">"Party Platform (Environment)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. September 21, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/environment/">the original</a> on April 1, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitutionparty.org&rft.atitle=Party+Platform+%28Environment%29&rft.date=2013-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fenvironment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/energy/">Party Platform (Energy)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140401043427/http://www.constitutionparty.com/energy/">Archived</a> April 1, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Constitutionparty.org, Retrieved April 2, 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/congressional-reform/">"Party Platform (Congressional Reform)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. September 21, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221205124/http://www.constitutionparty.com/congressional-reform/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Congressional+Reform%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft.date=2013-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fcongressional-reform%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/statehood/">"Party Platform (Statehood)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221204943/http://www.constitutionparty.com/statehood/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Statehood%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fstatehood%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/social-security">Social Security Phase-out Plan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140223220848/http://www.constitutionparty.com/social-security/">Archived</a> February 23, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; Constitution Party organization online; retrieved . </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/taxes/">"Party Platform (Taxes)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219063712/http://www.constitutionparty.com/taxes/">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Taxes%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Ftaxes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/the-sanctity-of-life-2/">"Party Platform (Sanctity of Life)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160929075855/http://www.constitutionparty.com/the-sanctity-of-life-2/">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Sanctity+of+Life%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fthe-sanctity-of-life-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/crime/">"Party Platform (Crime)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. September 21, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140218210453/http://www.constitutionparty.com/crime/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Crime%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft.date=2013-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fcrime%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/family/">"Party Platform (Family)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221205133/http://www.constitutionparty.com/family/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Family%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Ffamily%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ontheissues.org/celeb/Constitution_Party_Civil_Rights.htm">"Constitution Party on Civil Rights"</a>. OnTheIssues.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410182714/https://ontheissues.org/Celeb/Constitution_Party_Civil_Rights.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved July 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OnTheIssues.org&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+on+Civil+Rights&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ontheissues.org%2Fceleb%2FConstitution_Party_Civil_Rights.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/pornography-obscenity-and-sexually-oriented-businesses/">"Party Platform (Pornography, Obscenity, and Sexually Oriented Businesses)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. September 21, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221204956/http://www.constitutionparty.com/pornography-obscenity-and-sexually-oriented-businesses/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Pornography%2C+Obscenity%2C+and+Sexually+Oriented+Businesses%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft.date=2013-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fpornography-obscenity-and-sexually-oriented-businesses%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/gambling/">"Party Platform (Gambling)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. September 21, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140218221310/http://www.constitutionparty.com/gambling/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Gambling%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft.date=2013-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fgambling%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/drug-abuse/">"Party Platform (Drug Abuse)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219040604/http://www.constitutionparty.com/drug-abuse/">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Drug+Abuse%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fdrug-abuse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221204953/http://www.constitutionparty.com/welfare/">"Party Platform (Welfare)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/welfare/">the original</a> on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Welfare%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fwelfare%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/healthcare-and-government/">"Party Platform (Health Care and Government)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221204950/http://www.constitutionparty.com/healthcare-and-government/">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Health+Care+and+Government%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fhealthcare-and-government%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Party_Platform_Immigration-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Party_Platform_Immigration_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Party_Platform_Immigration_130-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/immigration/">"Party Platform (Immigration)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140218203107/http://www.constitutionparty.com/immigration/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Immigration%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Fimmigration%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2009/spring/patriot-groups">"'Patriot' Groups"</a>. Southern Poverty Law Center. Spring 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120120015344/http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2009/spring/patriot-groups">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2012. Retrieved July 31, 2009. <q>Generally, Patriot groups define themselves as opposed to the '<a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(conspiracy_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Order (conspiracy theory)">New World Order</a>' or advocate or adhere to extreme anti-government doctrines. ... Listing here does not imply that the groups themselves advocate or engage in <a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">violence</a> or other criminal activities, or are <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racist</a>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Patriot%27+Groups&rft.pub=Southern+Poverty+Law+Center&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.splcenter.org%2Fget-informed%2Fintelligence-report%2Fbrowse-all-issues%2F2009%2Fspring%2Fpatriot-groups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59154528/asbury-park-press/">"Far-right U.S. Taxpayers Party convening today in San Diego"</a>. Asbury Park Press. August 15, 1996. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200912191846/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59154528/asbury-park-press/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asbury+Park+Press&rft.atitle=Far-right+U.S.+Taxpayers+Party+convening+today+in+San+Diego&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1996-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F59154528%2Fasbury-park-press%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59157300/the-magee-courier/">"Floyd is Constitution Party convention delegate"</a>. The Magee Courier. July 15, 2004. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200912194956/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/59157300/the-magee-courier/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2020 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Magee+Courier&rft.atitle=Floyd+is+Constitution+Party+convention+delegate&rft.pages=9&rft.date=2004-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F59157300%2Fthe-magee-courier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/tariffs-and-trade/">"Party Platform (Tariffs and Trade)"</a>. Constitutionparty.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219055700/http://www.constitutionparty.com/tariffs-and-trade/">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved February 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Party+Platform+%28Tariffs+and+Trade%29&rft.pub=Constitutionparty.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Ftariffs-and-trade%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sobran" title="Joseph Sobran">Joseph Sobran</a> was the original vice presidential nominee, but he withdrew from the ticket and was replaced by Frazier. </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, Baldwin and Castle did not appear on the ballot; instead, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> appeared as the Constitution presidential and vice presidential nominees, respectively. Paul and Peroutka received an additional 10,638 votes. </li> <li id="cite_note-USN-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USN_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USN_137-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson2016" class="citation news cs1">Nelson, Steven (August 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-09/bible-says-no-to-trump-clinton-choice-constitution-party-candidate-says">"Bible Says No to Trump-Clinton Choice, Third-Party Candidate Says"</a>. US News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716050145/https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-09/bible-says-no-to-trump-clinton-choice-constitution-party-candidate-says">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=US+News&rft.atitle=Bible+Says+No+to+Trump-Clinton+Choice%2C+Third-Party+Candidate+Says&rft.date=2016-08-09&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2016-08-09%2Fbible-says-no-to-trump-clinton-choice-constitution-party-candidate-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, Castle and Bradley did not appear on the ballot under the Constitution Party; instead, Scott Copeland and J. R. Myers appeared as the Constitution presidential and vice presidential nominees, respectively. Copeland and Myers received an additional 2,356 votes. Castle and Bradley ran in the state as independents and received 4,411 votes. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/William_Mohr">"William Mohr"</a>. Ballotpedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516184321/https://ballotpedia.org/William_Mohr">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ballotpedia&rft.atitle=William+Mohr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FWilliam_Mohr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballot-access.org/2024/04/27/randall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination/">"Randall Terry Wins Constitution Party's Presidential Nomination | Ballot Access News"</a>. April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Randall+Terry+Wins+Constitution+Party%27s+Presidential+Nomination+%7C+Ballot+Access+News&rft.date=2024-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2024%2F04%2F27%2Frandall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballot-access.org/2024/04/27/randall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination/">"Randall Terry Wins Constitution Party's Presidential Nomination | Ballot Access News"</a>. April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Randall+Terry+Wins+Constitution+Party%27s+Presidential+Nomination+%7C+Ballot+Access+News&rft.date=2024-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballot-access.org%2F2024%2F04%2F27%2Frandall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constitutionparty.com/elections/constitution-party-general-election-results-2018/">"Constitution Party General Election Results – 2018"</a>. ConstitutionParty.com. November 28, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190220131210/https://www.constitutionparty.com/elections/constitution-party-general-election-results-2018/">Archived</a> from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ConstitutionParty.com&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+General+Election+Results+%E2%80%93+2018&rft.date=2018-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Felections%2Fconstitution-party-general-election-results-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constitutionparty.com/elections/constitution-party-general-election-results-2018/">"Constitution Party General Election Results – 2018"</a>. November 28, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190220131210/https://www.constitutionparty.com/elections/constitution-party-general-election-results-2018/">Archived</a> from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+Party+General+Election+Results+%E2%80%93+2018&rft.date=2018-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitutionparty.com%2Felections%2Fconstitution-party-general-election-results-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> Bibliography <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumenthal2010" class="citation book cs1">Blumenthal, Max (2010). Republican Gomorrah: Inside the Movement That Shattered the Party. Nation Books. p. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1568584171" title="Special:BookSources/978-1568584171"><bdi>978-1568584171</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republican+Gomorrah%3A+Inside+the+Movement+That+Shattered+the+Party&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Nation+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1568584171&rft.aulast=Blumenthal&rft.aufirst=Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2011" class="citation news cs1">Boggs, Alison (June 10, 2011). "Hindu God Sculpture Draws Critics In CDA". <a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Hindu+God+Sculpture+Draws+Critics+In+CDA&rft.date=2011-06-10&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=Alison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2012" class="citation news cs1">Brunt, Jonathan (October 13, 2012). "Solidly Gop District Seeing Spirited Race; Shea's Views Seem to Provide Opening for Biviano". <a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Solidly+Gop+District+Seeing+Spirited+Race%3B+Shea%27s+Views+Seem+to+Provide+Opening+for+Biviano&rft.date=2012-10-13&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamden2004" class="citation news cs1">Camden, Jim (June 30, 2004). "Candidate bases bid on God; Constitution Party presidential nominee draws crowd of 500, wants spot on state ballot". <a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Candidate+bases+bid+on+God%3B+Constitution+Party+presidential+nominee+draws+crowd+of+500%2C+wants+spot+on+state+ballot&rft.date=2004-06-30&rft.aulast=Camden&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamden2004" class="citation news cs1">Camden, Jim (June 30, 2004). "Candidate is on a mission; Constitution Party nominee visits Spokane". <a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=Candidate+is+on+a+mission%3B+Constitution+Party+nominee+visits+Spokane&rft.date=2004-06-30&rft.aulast=Camden&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Constitution Party Assails Socialism". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. September 9, 1958. p. 42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Assails+Socialism&rft.pages=42&rft.date=1958-09-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesexaminer.com/political/496-constitution-party-nominates-candidates">"Constitution Party Nominates Candidates"</a>. The Times Examiner. May 26, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190324155627/https://www.timesexaminer.com/political/496-constitution-party-nominates-candidates">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Examiner&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Nominates+Candidates&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesexaminer.com%2Fpolitical%2F496-constitution-party-nominates-candidates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Constitution Party Sets Convention". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. July 31, 1958. p. 22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+Sets+Convention&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1958-07-31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Leon2004" class="citation news cs1">de Leon, Virginia (June 24, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140611060046/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-27374911.html">"'Ten Commandments' judge to speak; Roy Moore to talk about 'America's call to honor God'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Spokesman-Review" title="The Spokesman-Review">The Spokesman-Review</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-27374911.html">the original</a> on June 11, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spokesman-Review&rft.atitle=%27Ten+Commandments%27+judge+to+speak%3B+Roy+Moore+to+talk+about+%27America%27s+call+to+honor+God%27&rft.date=2004-06-24&rft.aulast=de+Leon&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-27374911.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131111020443/http://www.register-herald.com/local/x180468590/W-Va-GOP-says-it-won-t-appeal-ballot-ruling">W.Va. GOP says it won't appeal ballot ruling</a>; September 28, 2010; <a href="/wiki/The_Register-Herald" title="The Register-Herald">The Register-Herald</a>; Summary: "By a margin of just eleven voter signatures, the party succeeds in securing ballot access for U.S. House of Representatives candidate Phil Hudok. The party then spends the rest of the summer petitioning to gain access for U.S. Senate candidate Jeff Becker to run in the special election for the late <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Robert C. Byrd</a>'s seat, despite looming challenges by the GOP to stop or delay the election".</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Group Plans To Form New Political Party". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. September 7, 1958. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Group+Plans+To+Form+New+Political+Party&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1958-09-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayden1956" class="citation news cs1">Hayden, Jay G. (September 9, 1956). "Chances Slim 'Far-Rightist' Ticket Would Be Important". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. p. 109.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Chances+Slim+%27Far-Rightist%27+Ticket+Would+Be+Important&rft.pages=109&rft.date=1956-09-09&rft.aulast=Hayden&rft.aufirst=Jay+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Hearings on Gay Marriage Likely to Be Packed Monday". <a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Times" title="The Seattle Times">The Seattle Times</a>. January 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Hearings+on+Gay+Marriage+Likely+to+Be+Packed+Monday&rft.date=2012-01-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLester2004" class="citation news cs1">Lester, David (October 12, 2004). "County Hopefuls Agree to Agree – and Disagree". <a href="/wiki/Yakima_Herald-Republic" title="Yakima Herald-Republic">Yakima Herald-Republic</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yakima+Herald-Republic&rft.atitle=County+Hopefuls+Agree+to+Agree+%E2%80%93+and+Disagree&rft.date=2004-10-12&rft.aulast=Lester&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Only 3 Parties' Write-In Votes To Be Counted". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. October 23, 1956. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Only+3+Parties%27+Write-In+Votes+To+Be+Counted&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1956-10-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrish2013" class="citation news cs1">Parrish, Susan (April 11, 2013). "Spokane Group Behind Anti-Levy Fliers in B.G". <a href="/wiki/The_Columbian" title="The Columbian">The Columbian</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Columbian&rft.atitle=Spokane+Group+Behind+Anti-Levy+Fliers+in+B.G&rft.date=2013-04-11&rft.aulast=Parrish&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPomeroy2004" class="citation journal cs1">Pomeroy, Karla (January 26, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baltimorechronicle.com/jan04_ConstitutionParty.html">"Marylander Campaigns to be Constitution Party's Presidential Candidate"</a>. Basin Baltimore Chronicle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115194917/http://baltimorechronicle.com/jan04_ConstitutionParty.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basin+Baltimore+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Marylander+Campaigns+to+be+Constitution+Party%27s+Presidential+Candidate&rft.date=2004-01-26&rft.aulast=Pomeroy&rft.aufirst=Karla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbaltimorechronicle.com%2Fjan04_ConstitutionParty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/elections/2004/candidates/295780/">"Steve Krukar (CST)"</a>. The Washington Post. 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115194643/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/elections/2004/candidates/295780/">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Steve+Krukar+%28CST%29&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Felections%2F2004%2Fcandidates%2F295780%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard2010" class="citation news cs1">Ward, Leah (May 21, 2010). "Constitution Party prepares to gather in Moxee [Derived headline]". <a href="/wiki/Yakima_Herald-Republic" title="Yakima Herald-Republic">Yakima Herald-Republic</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yakima+Herald-Republic&rft.atitle=Constitution+Party+prepares+to+gather+in+Moxee+%5BDerived+headline%5D&rft.date=2010-05-21&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Leah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"'Write-in' Is Voter Privilege, Says Candidate". <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Daily_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Daily Times">Seattle Daily Times</a>. November 4, 1956. p. 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=%27Write-in%27+Is+Voter+Privilege%2C+Says+Candidate&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1956-11-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+Party+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitution_Party_(United_States)&oldid=1260465988">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitution_Party_(United_States)&oldid=1260465988</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_Party_(United_States)&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 30 November 2024, at 22:37 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9)" title="الحزب الدستوري (الولايات المتحدة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزب الدستوري (الولايات المتحدة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstitusiya_Partiyas%C4%B1_(AB%C5%9E)" title="Konstitusiya Partiyası (ABŞ) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Konstitusiya Partiyası (ABŞ)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Канстытуцыйная партыя ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Канстытуцыйная партыя ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_de_la_Constituci%C3%B3" title="Partit de la Constitució – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit de la Constitució" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1topr%C3%A1vn%C3%AD_strana_(USA)" title="Státoprávní strana (USA) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Státoprávní strana (USA)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party" title="Constitution Party – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Constitution Party" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party" title="Constitution Party – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Constitution Party" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hiseaduse_Partei" title="Põhiseaduse Partei – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhiseaduse Partei" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_de_la_Constituci%C3%B3n" title="Partido de la Constitución – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido de la Constitución" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_(Usono)" title="Constitution Party (Usono) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Constitution Party (Usono)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstituzioaren_Alderdia_(AEB)" title="Konstituzioaren Alderdia (AEB) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konstituzioaren Alderdia (AEB)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="حزب قانون اساسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب قانون اساسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_de_la_Constitution_(%C3%89tats-Unis)" title="Parti de la Constitution (États-Unis) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti de la Constitution (États-Unis)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%8C%EB%B2%95%EB%8B%B9" title="헌법당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헌법당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_della_Costituzione_(Stati_Uniti_d%27America)" title="Partito della Costituzione (Stati Uniti d'America) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito della Costituzione (Stati Uniti d'America)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89" title="الحزب الدستورى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الحزب الدستورى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party" title="Constitution Party – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Constitution Party" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95%E5%85%9A" title="憲法党 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="憲法党" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstitusjonspartiet" title="Konstitusjonspartiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konstitusjonspartiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partia_Konstytucyjna" title="Partia Konstytucyjna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Partia Konstytucyjna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_da_Constitui%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(Estados_Unidos)" title="Partido da Constituição (Estados Unidos) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido da Constituição (Estados Unidos)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90)" title="Конституционная партия (США) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конституционная партия (США)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Constitution Party (United States)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perustuslakipuolue_(Yhdysvallat)" title="Perustuslakipuolue (Yhdysvallat) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Perustuslakipuolue (Yhdysvallat)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party" title="Constitution Party – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Constitution Party" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%98%D0%9C%D0%90" title="Ҳизби конститутсионии ИМА – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳизби конститутсионии ИМА" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anayasa_Partisi_(Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri)" title="Anayasa Partisi (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anayasa Partisi (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90)" title="Конституційна партія (США) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конституційна партія (США)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95%E9%BB%A8_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B)" title="憲法黨 (美國) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="憲法黨 (美國)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 November 2024, at 22:37 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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