CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: premium rate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: premium rate"> <meta name="keywords" content="premium rate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="premium rate" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="premium rate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8122</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: premium rate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8122</span> An Approach to Practical Determination of Fair Premium Rates in Crop Hail Insurance Using Short-Term Insurance Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Necati%20I%C3%A7er">Necati Içer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crop-hail insurance plays a vital role in managing risks and reducing the financial consequences of hail damage on crop production. Predicting insurance premium rates with short-term data is a major difficulty in numerous nations because of the unique characteristics of hailstorms. This study aims to suggest a feasible approach for establishing equitable premium rates in crop-hail insurance for nations with short-term insurance data. The primary goal of the rate-making process is to determine premium rates for high and zero loss costs of villages and enhance their credibility. To do this, a technique was created using the author's practical knowledge of crop-hail insurance. With this approach, the rate-making method was developed using a range of temporal and spatial factor combinations with both hypothetical and real data, including extreme cases. This article aims to show how to incorporate the temporal and spatial elements into determining fair premium rates using short-term insurance data. The article ends with a suggestion on the ultimate premium rates for insurance contracts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop-hail%20insurance" title="crop-hail insurance">crop-hail insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate" title=" premium rate"> premium rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-term%20insurance%20data" title=" short-term insurance data"> short-term insurance data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20and%20temporal%20parameters" title=" spatial and temporal parameters"> spatial and temporal parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181441/an-approach-to-practical-determination-of-fair-premium-rates-in-crop-hail-insurance-using-short-term-insurance-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8121</span> Evaluation of Merger Premium and Firm Performance in Europe </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Nnadi">Matthias Nnadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the relationship between premiums and returns in the short and long terms in European merger and acquisition (M&A) deals. The study employs Calendar Time Portfolio (CTP) model and find strong evidence that in the long run, premiums have a positive impact on performance, and we also establish evidence of a significant difference between the abnormal returns of the high premium paying portfolio and the low premium paying ones. Even in cases where all sub-portfolios show negative abnormal returns, the high premium category still outperforms the low premium category. Our findings have implications for companies engaging in acquisitions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mergers" title="mergers">mergers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium" title=" premium"> premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=returns" title=" returns"> returns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisitions" title=" acquisitions"> acquisitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30995/evaluation-of-merger-premium-and-firm-performance-in-europe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8120</span> Production of Premium Quality Cinnamon Bark Powder Using Cryogenic Grinding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20R.%20Bhoi">Monika R. Bhoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20F.%20Sutar"> R. F. Sutar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhaumik%20B.%20Patel"> Bhaumik B. Patel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research paper is to obtain the premium quality of cinnamon bark powder through cryogenic grinding technology. The effect of grinding temperature (0, -20, -40, -60, -80 and -100˚C), feed rate (8, 9 and 10 kg/h), and sieve size (0.8, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) were evaluated with respect to grinding time, volatile oil content, particle size, energy consumption, and liquid nitrogen consumption. Cryogenic grinding process parameters were optimized to obtain premium quality cinnamon bark powder was carried out using three factorial completely randomized design. The optimization revealed that grinding of cinnamon bark at -80⁰C temperature using 0.8 mm sieve size and 10 kg/h feed rate resulted in premium quality cinnamon bark powder containing volatile oil 3.01%. In addition, volatile oil retention in cryogenically ground powder was 88.23%, whereas control (ambient grinding) had 33.11%. Storage study of premium quality cryogenically ground powder was carried out under accelerated storage conditions (38˚C & 90% R.H). Accelerated storage of cryoground powder was found to be advantageous over the conventional ground for extended storage of the ground cinnamon powder with retention of its nutritional quality. Hence, grinding of spices at optimally low cryogenic temperature is a promising technology for the production of its premium quality powder economically. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinnamon%20bark" title="cinnamon bark">cinnamon bark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenic%20grinding" title=" cryogenic grinding"> cryogenic grinding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20rate" title=" feed rate"> feed rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volatile%20oil" title=" volatile oil"> volatile oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136064/production-of-premium-quality-cinnamon-bark-powder-using-cryogenic-grinding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8119</span> The Hidden Role of Interest Rate Risks in Carry Trades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingwen%20Shi">Jingwen Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Wu"> Qi Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the role played interest rate risk in carry trade return in order to understand the forward premium puzzle. In this study, our goal is to investigate to what extent carry trade return is indeed due to compensation for risk taking and, more important, to reveal the nature of these risks. Using option data not only on exchange rates but also on interest rate swaps (swaptions), our first finding is that, besides the consensus currency risks, interest rate risks also contribute a non-negligible portion to the carry trade return. What strikes us is our second finding. We find that large downside risks of future exchange rate movements are, in fact, priced significantly in option market on interest rates. The role played by interest rate risk differs structurally from the currency risk. There is a unique premium associated with interest rate risk, though seemingly small in size, which compensates the tail risks, the left tail to be precise. On the technical front, our study relies on accurately retrieving implied distributions from currency options and interest rate swaptions simultaneously, especially the tail components of the two. For this purpose, our major modeling work is to build a new international asset pricing model where we use an orthogonal setup for pricing kernels and specify non-Gaussian dynamics in order to capture three sets of option skew accurately and consistently across currency options and interest rate swaptions, domestic and foreign, within one model. Our results open a door for studying forward premium anomaly through implied information from interest rate derivative market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carry%20trade" title="carry trade">carry trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20premium%20anomaly" title=" forward premium anomaly"> forward premium anomaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FX%20option" title=" FX option"> FX option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest%20rate%20swaption" title=" interest rate swaption"> interest rate swaption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implied%20volatility%20skew" title=" implied volatility skew"> implied volatility skew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncovered%20interest%20rate%20parity" title=" uncovered interest rate parity"> uncovered interest rate parity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37679/the-hidden-role-of-interest-rate-risks-in-carry-trades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8118</span> Analysis of Risk Factors Affecting the Motor Insurance Pricing with Generalized Linear Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puttharapong%20Sakulwaropas">Puttharapong Sakulwaropas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uraiwan%20%20Jaroengeratikun"> Uraiwan Jaroengeratikun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Casualty insurance business, the optimal premium pricing and adequate cost for an insurance company are important in risk management. Normally, the insurance pure premium can be determined by multiplying the claim frequency with the claim cost. The aim of this research was to study in the application of generalized linear models to select the risk factor for model of claim frequency and claim cost for estimating a pure premium. In this study, the data set was the claim of comprehensive motor insurance, which was provided by one of the insurance company in Thailand. The results of this study found that the risk factors significantly related to pure premium at the 0.05 level consisted of no claim bonus (NCB) and used of the car (Car code). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20linear%20models" title="generalized linear models">generalized linear models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pure%20premium" title=" pure premium"> pure premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20model" title=" regression model"> regression model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65636/analysis-of-risk-factors-affecting-the-motor-insurance-pricing-with-generalized-linear-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8117</span> Macroeconomic Determinants of Cyclical Variations in Value, Size, and Momentum Premium in the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Sarwar">G. Sarwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Mateus"> C. Mateus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Todorovic"> N. Todorovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines the asymmetries in size, value and momentum premium over the economic cycles in the UK and their macroeconomic determinants. Using Markov switching approach we find clear evidence of cyclical variations of the three premiums, most noticeably variations in size premium. We associate Markov switching regime 1 with economic upturn and regime 2 with economic downturn as per OECD’s Composite Leading Indicator. The macroeconomic indicators prompting such cyclicality the most are interest rates, term structure and credit spread. The role of GDP growth, money supply and inflation is less pronounced in our sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomic%20determinants" title="macroeconomic determinants">macroeconomic determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markorv%20Switching" title=" Markorv Switching"> Markorv Switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size" title=" size"> size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value" title=" value "> value </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23394/macroeconomic-determinants-of-cyclical-variations-in-value-size-and-momentum-premium-in-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8116</span> Solution of Insurance Pricing Model Giving Optimum Premium Level for Both Insured and Insurer by Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betul%20Zehra%20Karagul">Betul Zehra Karagul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A game consists of strategies that each actor has in his/her own choice strategies, and a game regulates the certain rules in the strategies that the actors choose, express how they evaluate their knowledge and the utility of output results. Game theory examines the human behaviors (preferences) of strategic situations in which each actor of a game regards the action that others will make in spite of his own moves. There is a balance between each player playing a game with the final number of players and the player with a certain probability of choosing the players, and this is called Nash equilibrium. The insurance is a two-person game where the insurer and insured are the actors. Both sides have the right to act in favor of utility functions. The insured has to pay a premium to buy the insurance cover. The insured will want to pay a low premium while the insurer is willing to get a high premium. In this study, the state of equilibrium for insurance pricing was examined in terms of the insurer and insured with game theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title="game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance%20pricing" title=" insurance pricing"> insurance pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nash%20equilibrium" title=" Nash equilibrium"> Nash equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20function" title=" utility function"> utility function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83295/solution-of-insurance-pricing-model-giving-optimum-premium-level-for-both-insured-and-insurer-by-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8115</span> Forecasting Equity Premium Out-of-Sample with Sophisticated Regression Training Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Iworiso">Jonathan Iworiso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forecasting the equity premium out-of-sample is a major concern to researchers in finance and emerging markets. The quest for a superior model that can forecast the equity premium with significant economic gains has resulted in several controversies on the choice of variables and suitable techniques among scholars. This research focuses mainly on the application of Regression Training (RT) techniques to forecast monthly equity premium out-of-sample recursively with an expanding window method. A broad category of sophisticated regression models involving model complexity was employed. The RT models include Ridge, Forward-Backward (FOBA) Ridge, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Relaxed LASSO, Elastic Net, and Least Angle Regression were trained and used to forecast the equity premium out-of-sample. In this study, the empirical investigation of the RT models demonstrates significant evidence of equity premium predictability both statistically and economically relative to the benchmark historical average, delivering significant utility gains. They seek to provide meaningful economic information on mean-variance portfolio investment for investors who are timing the market to earn future gains at minimal risk. Thus, the forecasting models appeared to guarantee an investor in a market setting who optimally reallocates a monthly portfolio between equities and risk-free treasury bills using equity premium forecasts at minimal risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20training" title="regression training">regression training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=out-of-sample%20forecasts" title=" out-of-sample forecasts"> out-of-sample forecasts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expanding%20window" title=" expanding window"> expanding window</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20predictability" title=" statistical predictability"> statistical predictability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20significance" title=" economic significance"> economic significance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20gains" title=" utility gains"> utility gains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154547/forecasting-equity-premium-out-of-sample-with-sophisticated-regression-training-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8114</span> Increasing National Health Insurance Scheme Enrolment in Ghana: Pro-Rata Insurance Premium Payment with Mobile Phone as the Answer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Marfo%20Boaheng">Joseph Marfo Boaheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Ansong"> Daniel Ansong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugenia%20Amporfo"> Eugenia Amporfo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Health Insurance is proposed to provide financial protection against catastrophic health care cost arising from disease. Ghana has had a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) since 2003 with the current enrolment/retention rate of 36%. The main goal of the scheme is to provide equity in the health sector as well as ensuring affordable health care for the poor. However, the current payment system is not flexible to attract significant proportion of the poor informal sector onto the scheme. Looking at the extensive use of mobiles in the Ghana where about 29,220,602.00 registered mobile phone lines are actively in used as of June 2014, paying health insurance premium through mobile phone could be feasible to attract larger proportion of the informal sector onto the scheme. Methodology: The quantitative cross-sectional survey was used to solicit the required information from 877 respondents living in Kumasi, the second capital city of Ghana. The magnitude of the effect of Pro-rata system (flexible payment terms) on NHIS enrollment rate was estimated with binary logistic regression model. Results: The odds for an individual to enroll onto NHIS with mobile phone increases about 2 times more when payment of insurance premium is on pro-rata basis ie. flexible payment terms (p=0.008, CI=1.212-3.565). Conclusion: The study advocates the National Health Insurance Authority consider this alternative payment system that has the potential of attracting a greater proportion of the informal sector to be enrolled or retained onto the scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enrollment" title="enrollment">enrollment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20insurance" title=" health insurance"> health insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20phone" title=" mobile phone"> mobile phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pro-rata" title=" pro-rata"> pro-rata</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47829/increasing-national-health-insurance-scheme-enrolment-in-ghana-pro-rata-insurance-premium-payment-with-mobile-phone-as-the-answer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8113</span> Vine Copula Structure among Yield, Price and Weather Variables for Rating Crop Insurance Premium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiemiao%20Chen">Jiemiao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuoxun%20Xu"> Shuoxun Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of our research is to apply the Vine copula measuring dependency between price, temperature, and precipitation indices to calculate a fair crop insurance premium. This research is focused on Worth, Iowa, United States, over the period from 2000 to 2020, where the farmers are dependent on precipitation and average temperature during the growth period of corn. Our proposed insurance considers both the natural risk and the price risk in agricultural production. We first estimate the distributions of crops using parametric methods based on Goodness of Fit tests, and then Vine Copula is applied to model dependence between yield price, crop yield, and weather indices. Once the vine structure and its parameters are determined based on AIC/BIC criteria and forecasting price and yield are obtained from the ARIMA model, we calculate this crop insurance premium using the simulation data generated from the vine copula by the Monte Carlo Simulation method. It is shown that, compared with traditional crop insurance, our proposed insurance is more fair and thus less costly for the farmers and government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vine%20copula" title="vine copula">vine copula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20index" title=" weather index"> weather index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20insurance%20premium" title=" crop insurance premium"> crop insurance premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance%20risk%20management" title=" insurance risk management"> insurance risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141303/vine-copula-structure-among-yield-price-and-weather-variables-for-rating-crop-insurance-premium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8112</span> The Bayesian Premium Under Entropy Loss</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farouk%20Metiri">Farouk Metiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halim%20Zeghdoudi"> Halim Zeghdoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Riad%20Remita"> Mohamed Riad Remita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Credibility theory is an experience rating technique in actuarial science which can be seen as one of quantitative tools that allows the insurers to perform experience rating, that is, to adjust future premiums based on past experiences. It is used usually in automobile insurance, worker's compensation premium, and IBNR (incurred but not reported claims to the insurer) where credibility theory can be used to estimate the claim size amount. In this study, we focused on a popular tool in credibility theory which is the Bayesian premium estimator, considering Lindley distribution as a claim distribution. We derive this estimator under entropy loss which is asymmetric and squared error loss which is a symmetric loss function with informative and non-informative priors. In a purely Bayesian setting, the prior distribution represents the insurer’s prior belief about the insured’s risk level after collection of the insured’s data at the end of the period. However, the explicit form of the Bayesian premium in the case when the prior is not a member of the exponential family could be quite difficult to obtain as it involves a number of integrations which are not analytically solvable. The paper finds a solution to this problem by deriving this estimator using numerical approximation (Lindley approximation) which is one of the suitable approximation methods for solving such problems, it approaches the ratio of the integrals as a whole and produces a single numerical result. Simulation study using Monte Carlo method is then performed to evaluate this estimator and mean squared error technique is made to compare the Bayesian premium estimator under the above loss functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bayesian%20estimator" title="bayesian estimator">bayesian estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credibility%20theory" title=" credibility theory"> credibility theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20loss" title=" entropy loss"> entropy loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo%20simulation" title=" monte carlo simulation"> monte carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704/the-bayesian-premium-under-entropy-loss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8111</span> Role of Macro and Technical Indicators in Equity Risk Premium Prediction: A Principal Component Analysis Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Ul%20Hassan">Naveed Ul Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Aziz"> Bilal Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Mushtaq"> Maryam Mushtaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imran%20Ameen%20Khan"> Imran Ameen Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Equity risk premium (ERP) is the stock return in excess of risk free return. Even though it is an essential topic of finance but still there is no common consensus upon its forecasting. For forecasting ERP, apart from the macroeconomic variables attention is devoted to technical indicators as well. For this purpose, set of 14 technical and 14 macro-economic variables is selected and all forecasts are generated based on a standard predictive regression framework, where ERP is regressed on a constant and a lag of a macroeconomic variable or technical indicator. The comparative results showed that technical indicators provide better indications about ERP estimates as compared to macro-economic variables. The relative strength of ERP predictability is also investigated by using National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) data of business cycle expansion and recessions and found that ERP predictability is more than twice for recessions as compared to expansions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20risk%20premium" title="equity risk premium">equity risk premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomic%20indicators" title=" macroeconomic indicators"> macroeconomic indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20indicators" title=" technical indicators"> technical indicators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59606/role-of-macro-and-technical-indicators-in-equity-risk-premium-prediction-a-principal-component-analysis-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8110</span> The Study of Sensory Breadth Experiences in an Online Try-On Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tseng-Lung%20Huang">Tseng-Lung Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sensory breadth experiences, such as visualization, a sense of self-location, and haptic experiences, are critical in an online try-on environment. This research adopts an emotional appeal perspective, including concrete and abstract effects, to clarify the relationship between sensory experience and consumer's behavior intention in an online try-on context. This study employed an augmented reality interactive technology (ARIT) in an online clothes-fitting context and applied snowball sampling using e-mail to invite online consumers, first to use ARIT for trying on online apparel and then to complete a questionnaire. One hundred sixty-eight valid questionnaires were collected, and partial least squares (PLS) path modeling was used to test our hypotheses. The results showed that sensory breadth, by arousing concrete effect, induces impulse buying intention and willingness to pay a price premium of online shopping. Parasocial presence, as an abstract effect, diminishes the effect of concrete effects on willingness to pay a price premium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20breadth" title="sensory breadth">sensory breadth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulsive%20behavior" title=" impulsive behavior"> impulsive behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20premium" title=" price premium"> price premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20appeal" title=" emotional appeal"> emotional appeal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20try-on%20context" title=" online try-on context"> online try-on context</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25396/the-study-of-sensory-breadth-experiences-in-an-online-try-on-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8109</span> Consumers’ Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Tomato Attributes: Evidence from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jahangir%20Khan">Jahangir Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Attaullah%20Shah"> Syed Attaullah Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya%20R.%20Khanal"> Aditya R. Khanal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vegetables are the most important component of a healthy diet; among them, tomatoes are the most purchased and consumed vegetable. Fresh and processed tomatoes are widely consumed in Pakistan and are regarded as premium products. Consumers have unique preferences regarding food choices when buying products in the market. This research paper investigates how consumers assess tomatoes and their willingness to pay for various tomato attributes while making food choices. Information on consumers’ behavior regarding food choices was collected from 1200 respondents through face-to-face interviews using a choice experiment design and an econometric evaluation of the random utility model. The data was gathered from three diverse climatic zones: Northern, Central, and Southern. The study examined consumers' WTP for tomato attributes such as production method, packaging, and variety type. The empirical results confirmed that respondents preferred organic tomatoes and were willing to pay a 65% price premium compared to the conventional method. Additionally, consumers were also willing to pay a 56% price premium for hybrid variety compared to local variety. Results of the research indicated that consumers were willing to pay a premium of 23% for labeled packaging. The findings of this research study provide useful information to stakeholders in the tomato supply chain to better align their products with consumers' preferences, ultimately enhancing market growth and consumers’ satisfaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=choice%20experiment" title="choice experiment">choice experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumers%E2%80%99%20behavior" title=" consumers’ behavior"> consumers’ behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato%20attributes" title=" tomato attributes"> tomato attributes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20pay" title=" willingness to pay"> willingness to pay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193216/consumers-preferences-and-willingness-to-pay-for-tomato-attributes-evidence-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8108</span> Determination Optimum Strike Price of FX Option Call Spread with USD/IDR Volatility and Garman–Kohlhagen Model Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangkit%20Adhi%20Nugraha">Bangkit Adhi Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bambang%20Suripto"> Bambang Suripto </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On September 2016 Bank Indonesia (BI) release regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016 that permit bank clients for using the FX option call spread USD/IDR. Basically, this product is a combination between clients buy FX call option (pay premium) and sell FX call option (receive premium) to protect against currency depreciation while also capping the potential upside with cheap premium cost. BI classifies this product as a structured product. The structured product is combination at least two financial instruments, either derivative or non-derivative instruments. The call spread is the first structured product against IDR permitted by BI since 2009 as response the demand increase from Indonesia firms on FX hedging through derivative for protecting market risk their foreign currency asset or liability. The composition of hedging products on Indonesian FX market increase from 35% on 2015 to 40% on 2016, the majority on swap product (FX forward, FX swap, cross currency swap). Swap is formulated by interest rate difference of the two currency pairs. The cost of swap product is 7% for USD/IDR with one year USD/IDR volatility 13%. That cost level makes swap products seem expensive for hedging buyers. Because call spread cost (around 1.5-3%) cheaper than swap, the most Indonesian firms are using NDF FX call spread USD/IDR on offshore with outstanding amount around 10 billion USD. The cheaper cost of call spread is the main advantage for hedging buyers. The problem arises because BI regulation requires the call spread buyer doing the dynamic hedging. That means, if call spread buyer choose strike price 1 and strike price 2 and volatility USD/IDR exchange rate surpass strike price 2, then the call spread buyer must buy another call spread with strike price 1’ (strike price 1’ = strike price 2) and strike price 2’ (strike price 2’ > strike price 1‘). It could make the premium cost of call spread doubled or even more and dismiss the purpose of hedging buyer to find the cheapest hedging cost. It is very crucial for the buyer to choose best optimum strike price before entering into the transaction. To help hedging buyer find the optimum strike price and avoid expensive multiple premium cost, we observe ten years 2005-2015 historical data of USD/IDR volatility to be compared with the price movement of the call spread USD/IDR using Garman–Kohlhagen Model (as a common formula on FX option pricing). We use statistical tools to analysis data correlation, understand nature of call spread price movement over ten years, and determine factors affecting price movement. We select some range of strike price and tenor and calculate the probability of dynamic hedging to occur and how much it’s cost. We found USD/IDR currency pairs is too uncertain and make dynamic hedging riskier and more expensive. We validated this result using one year data and shown small RMS. The study result could be used to understand nature of FX call spread and determine optimum strike price for hedging plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FX%20call%20spread%20USD%2FIDR" title="FX call spread USD/IDR">FX call spread USD/IDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USD%2FIDR%20volatility%20statistical%20analysis" title=" USD/IDR volatility statistical analysis"> USD/IDR volatility statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garman%E2%80%93Kohlhagen%20Model%20on%20FX%20Option%20USD%2FIDR" title=" Garman–Kohlhagen Model on FX Option USD/IDR"> Garman–Kohlhagen Model on FX Option USD/IDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bank%20Indonesia%20Regulation%20no.18%2F18%2FPBI%2F2016" title=" Bank Indonesia Regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016"> Bank Indonesia Regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65033/determination-optimum-strike-price-of-fx-option-call-spread-with-usdidr-volatility-and-garman-kohlhagen-model-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8107</span> Do Industry Expert Audit Engagement Partners Earn Fee Premiums? Evidence from Labor Usage and the Hourly Charge Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gil%20Bae">Gil Bae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Uk%20Choi"> Seung Uk Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Eun%20Lee"> Jae Eun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon%20Hwa%20Rho"> Joon Hwa Rho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using proprietary engagement partner identity information for the Big 4 audit firms in Korea over the 2001-2011 period, we find that expert engagement partners obtain significantly higher total compensation than do non-expert partners. Importantly, we also find that expert partners increase the number of audit hours compared to their non-expert counterparts. The hourly billing rate, calculated as total fees divided by total audit hours, of expert partners is not higher than that of non-expert partners, indicating that there is no expert partner premium reflected in the hourly rate. This finding suggests that the increase in total audit fees is attributable mainly to the increase in the quantity of audit hours that expert partners work, not from the higher fee per hour. The results are not attributable to auditor selection bias. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry%20expert%20partners" title="industry expert partners">industry expert partners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20premiums" title=" expert premiums"> expert premiums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audit%20hours" title=" audit hours"> audit hours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hourly%20charge%20rate" title=" hourly charge rate"> hourly charge rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50571/do-industry-expert-audit-engagement-partners-earn-fee-premiums-evidence-from-labor-usage-and-the-hourly-charge-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8106</span> The Effect of Catastrophic Losses on Insurance Cycle: Case of Croatia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Drago%20Jakov%C4%8Devi%C4%87">Drago Jakovčević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maja%20Mihelja%20%C5%BDaja"> Maja Mihelja Žaja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides an analysis of the insurance cycle in the Republic of Croatia and whether they are affected by catastrophic losses on a global level. In general, it is considered that insurance cycles are particularly pronounced in periods of financial crisis, but are also affected by the growing number of catastrophic losses. They cause the change of insurance cycle and premium growth and intensification and narrowing of the coverage conditions, so these variables move in the same direction and these phenomena point to a new cycle. The main goal of this paper is to determine the existence of insurance cycle in the Republic of Croatia and investigate whether catastrophic losses have an influence on insurance cycles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catastrophic%20loss" title="catastrophic loss">catastrophic loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance%20cycle" title=" insurance cycle"> insurance cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium" title=" premium"> premium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Republic%20of%20Croatia" title=" Republic of Croatia"> Republic of Croatia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7784/the-effect-of-catastrophic-losses-on-insurance-cycle-case-of-croatia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8105</span> Optimum Design of Tall Tube-Type Building: An Approach to Structural Height Premium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kheyroddin">Ali Kheyroddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloufar%20Mashhadiali"> Niloufar Mashhadiali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frazaneh%20Kheyroddin"> Frazaneh Kheyroddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In last decades, tubular systems employed for tall buildings were efficient structural systems. However, increasing the height of a building leads to an increase in structural material corresponding to the loads imposed by lateral loads. Based on this approach, new structural systems are emerging to provide strength and stiffness with the minimum premium for height. In this research, selected tube-type structural systems such as framed tubes, braced tubes, diagrids and hexagrid systems were applied as a single tube, tubular structures combined with braced core and outrigger trusses on a set of 48, 72, and 96-story, respectively, to improve integrated structural systems. This paper investigated structural material consumption by model structures focusing on the premium for height. Compared analytical results indicated that as the height of the building increased, combination of the structural systems caused the framed tube, hexagrid and braced tube system to pay fewer premiums to material tonnage while in diagrid system, combining the structural system reduced insignificantly the steel material consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=braced%20tube" title="braced tube">braced tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagrid" title=" diagrid"> diagrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framed%20tube" title=" framed tube"> framed tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexagrid" title=" hexagrid"> hexagrid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88416/optimum-design-of-tall-tube-type-building-an-approach-to-structural-height-premium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8104</span> Sensitivity of Credit Default Swaps Premium to Global Risk Factor: Evidence from Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Cepni">Oguzhan Cepni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doruk%20Kucuksarac"> Doruk Kucuksarac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hasan%20Yilmaz"> M. Hasan Yilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Risk premium of emerging markets are moving altogether depending on the momentum and shifts in the global risk appetite. However, the magnitudes of these changes in the risk premium of emerging market economies might vary. In this paper, we focus on how global risk factor affects credit default swaps (CDS) premiums of emerging markets using principal component analysis (PCA) and rolling regressions. PCA results indicate that the first common component accounts for almost 76% of common variation in CDS premiums of emerging markets. Additionally, the explanatory power of the first factor seems to be high over sample period. However, the sensitivity to the global risk factor tends to change over time and across countries. In this regard, fixed effects panel regressions are employed to identify the macroeconomic factors driving the heterogeneity across emerging markets. There are two main macroeconomic variables that affect the sensitivity; government debt to GDP and international reserves to GDP. The countries with lower government debt and higher reserves tend to be less subject to the variations in the global risk appetite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title="emerging markets">emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20default%20swaps" title=" credit default swaps"> credit default swaps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereign%20risk" title=" sovereign risk"> sovereign risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68845/sensitivity-of-credit-default-swaps-premium-to-global-risk-factor-evidence-from-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8103</span> Willingness to Purchase and Pay a Price Premium for an Apartment with Exterior Green Walls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamar%20Trop">Tamar Trop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Roffeh"> Michal Roffeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the emerging trends in construction is installing an exterior “green wall” (GW). GW is an overarching and most common term for various techniques of incorporating greenery into buildings’ vertical elements, mainly facades. This green infrastructure yields numerous benefits for the urban environment, the public, and the buildings’ tenants and users, such as enhancing air quality and biodiversity, managing stormwater runoff, mitigating urban heat island and climate change, improving urban aesthetics and mental wellbeing, improving indoor comfort conditions, and saving energy. Yet, the penetration rate of GWs into the construction market, especially into the housing sector, is still very slow. Furthermore, the research regarding prospective homebuyers’ willingness to purchase and pay a price premium for GW apartments is scarce and does not refer to newly built buildings and specific GW types. This research aims to narrow these knowledge gaps by exploring the willingness of prospective homebuyers in Israel to purchase a newly built apartment with a hydroponic living wall, the size of the PP that they would be willing to pay for it, and the various factors ̶ knowledge-related, concern, economic, and personal ̶ that influence these motivations. A nationwide online survey was conducted among a sample of 514 adults using a structured questionnaire. Findings show that despite low familiarity with GWs and strong concerns about various kinds of nuisance, technical issues, and maintenance costs, potential homebuyers express a relatively high willingness to purchase and pay a significant price premium for such an apartment. The main motivations behind this willingness were found to be potential energy savings and governmental incentives. Study findings can contribute to a better understanding of the maturity of the housing market in Israel to adopt GWs and to better tailor intervention tools for increasing GWs’ uptake among potential homebuyers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20fa%C3%A7ade" title="green façade">green façade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20wall" title=" green wall"> green wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=living%20wall" title=" living wall"> living wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20pay" title=" willingness to pay"> willingness to pay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188174/willingness-to-purchase-and-pay-a-price-premium-for-an-apartment-with-exterior-green-walls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">30</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8102</span> Producing Carbon Nanoparticles from Agricultural and Municipal Wastes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanik%20Sharma">Kanik Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the year of 2011, the global production of carbon nano-materials (CNMs) was around 3,500 tons, and it is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate of 30.6%. Expanding markets for applications of CNMs, such as carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) and carbon nano-fibers (CNFs), place ever-increasing demands on lowering their production costs. Current technologies for CNM generation require intensive premium feedstock consumption and employ costly catalysts; they also require input of external energy. Industrial-scale CNM production is conventionally achieved through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods which consume a variety of expensive premium chemical feedstocks such as ethylene, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2); or by flame synthesis techniques, which also consume premium feedstock fuels. Additionally, CVD methods are energy-intensive. Renewable and replenishable feedstocks, such as those found in municipal, industrial, agricultural recycling streams have a more judicious reason for usage, in the light of current emerging needs for sustainability. Agricultural sugarcane bagasse and corn residues, scrap tire chips as well as post-consumer polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle shreddings when either thermally treated by sole pyrolysis or by sequential pyrolysis and partial oxidation result in the formation of gaseous carbon-bearing effluents which when channeled into a heated reactor, produce CNMs, including carbon nano-tubes, catalytically synthesized therein on stainless steel meshes. The structure of the nano-material synthesized depends on the type of feedstock available for pyrolysis, and can be determined by analysing the feedstock. These feedstocks could supersede the use of costly and often toxic or highly-flammable chemicals such as hydrocarbon gases, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which are commonly used as feedstocks in current nano-manufacturing process for CNMs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title="nanomaterials">nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20plastics" title=" waste plastics"> waste plastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane%20bagasse" title=" sugarcane bagasse"> sugarcane bagasse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23633/producing-carbon-nanoparticles-from-agricultural-and-municipal-wastes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8101</span> Employer Learning, Statistical Discrimination and University Prestige</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paola%20Bordon">Paola Bordon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Breno%20Braga"> Breno Braga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates whether firms use university prestige to statistically discriminate among college graduates. The test is based on the employer learning literature which suggests that if firms use a characteristic for statistical discrimination, this variable should become less important for earnings as a worker gains labor market experience. In this framework, we use a regression discontinuity design to estimate a 19% wage premium for recent graduates of two of the most selective universities in Chile. However, we find that this premium decreases by 3 percentage points per year of labor market experience. These results suggest that employers use college selectivity as a signal of workers' quality when they leave school. However, as workers reveal their productivity throughout their careers, they become rewarded based on their true quality rather than the prestige of their college. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employer%20learning" title="employer learning">employer learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20discrimination" title=" statistical discrimination"> statistical discrimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20returns" title=" college returns"> college returns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20selectivity" title=" college selectivity"> college selectivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19851/employer-learning-statistical-discrimination-and-university-prestige" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8100</span> Value Relevance of Good Governance: A Study on Listed Companies in the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashiqul%20Amin%20Khan">Ashiqul Amin Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Ul%20Amin%20Khan"> Mohsin Ul Amin Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to find the relationship between good governance and shareholder wealth maximisation. The concept of good governance has become more objective in nature over time through various regulations, professionalisation, and practices. This has led to a number of methods for scoring and ranking corporate governance practices. Since shareholder wealth maximisation remains the key corporate goal for managers and governors alike, the effect of good governance in increasing the value of corporations is commented to be an important aspect. In measuring the value relevance of good governance, statistical measures of various yields of listed companies in the UK have been used in this research. Yields reflect required returns on investments from different investment tenets. Historical yields, calculated using historical fundamental data of such companies, reflect expected yields to a great extent. These yields, in turn, reflect the expected risk premium and growth associated with the stocks of the companies. Using fundamental data, the yields have been adjusted to reflect the risk premium required by the investors along various value paradigms. Good governance should naturally lead to lower required risk premium since good corporate governance provided assurance to the investors in terms of sustainability of future performance and desired financial conduct. This, in turn, increases the wealth of stockholders. The findings of this research confirm such nature of the relationship between good governance and value of the company in the long run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20governance%20practices" title=" good governance practices"> good governance practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-termism" title=" short-termism"> short-termism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shareholder%20value%20relevance" title=" shareholder value relevance"> shareholder value relevance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wealth%20maximisation" title=" wealth maximisation"> wealth maximisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60826/value-relevance-of-good-governance-a-study-on-listed-companies-in-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8099</span> Split-Share Structure Reform and Statutory Audit Fees in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiao-Wen%20Wang">Hsiao-Wen Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The split-share structure reform in China represents one of the most significant milestones in the evolution of the capital market. With the goal of converting non-tradable shares into tradable shares, the reform laid the foundation and supported the development of full-scale privatization. This study explores China’s split-share structure reform and its impact on statutory audit fees. This study finds that auditors earn a significant statutory audit fee premium after the split-share structure reform. The Big 4 auditors who provide better audit quality receive higher statutory audit fee premium than non-Big 4 auditors after the share reform, which is attributable to their brand reputation, rather than the relative market dominance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chinese%20split-share%20structure%20reform" title="chinese split-share structure reform">chinese split-share structure reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statutory%20audit%20fees" title=" statutory audit fees"> statutory audit fees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big-4%20auditors" title=" big-4 auditors"> big-4 auditors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7767/split-share-structure-reform-and-statutory-audit-fees-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8098</span> A Meta Regression Analysis to Detect Price Premium Threshold for Eco-Labeled Seafood </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Giosu%C3%A8">Cristina Giosuè</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Federica%20Biondo"> Federica Biondo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Vitale"> Sergio Vitale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last years, the consumers' awareness for environmental concerns has been increasing, and seafood eco-labels are considered as a possible instrument to improve both seafood markets and sustainable fishing management. In this direction, the aim of this study was to carry out a meta-analysis on consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for eco-labeled wild seafood, by a meta-regression. Therefore, only papers published on ISI journals were searched on “Web of Knowledge” and “SciVerse Scopus” platforms, using the combinations of the following key words: seafood, ecolabel, eco-label, willingness, WTP and premium. The dataset was built considering: paper’s and survey’s codes, year of publication, first author’s nationality, species’ taxa and family, sample size, survey’s continent and country, data collection (where and how), gender and age of consumers, brand and ΔWTP. From analysis the interest on eco labeled seafood emerged clearly, in particular in developed countries. In general, consumers declared greater willingness to pay than that actually applied for eco-label products, with difference related to taxa and brand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco%20label" title="eco label">eco label</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta%20regression" title=" meta regression"> meta regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seafood" title=" seafood"> seafood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20pay" title=" willingness to pay"> willingness to pay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122921/a-meta-regression-analysis-to-detect-price-premium-threshold-for-eco-labeled-seafood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8097</span> Effects of Education Equity Policy on Housing Prices: Evidence from Simultaneous Admission to Public and Private Schools Policy in Shanghai</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianyu%20Chen">Tianyu Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> China's school district education policy has encouraged parents to purchase properties in school districts with high-quality education resources. Shanghai has implemented "Simultaneous Admission to Public and Private Schools" (SAPPS) since 2018, which has covered all nine-year compulsory education by 2020. This study examines the impact of SAPPS on the housing market, specifically the premium effect of houses located in dual-school districts. Based on the Hedonic Pricing Model and the Signaling Theory, data is collected from 585 second-hand house transactions in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and it is analyzed with the Difference-in-Differences (DID) model. The results indicate that the implementation of SAPPS has exacerbated the premium of dual school district housing and weakened the effect of the policy to a certain degree. To ensure equal access to education for all students, the government should work both on the supply and demand sides of the education resource equation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simultaneous%20admission%20to%20public%20and%20private%20schools" title="simultaneous admission to public and private schools">simultaneous admission to public and private schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20prices" title=" housing prices"> housing prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20policy" title=" education policy"> education policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20equity" title=" education equity"> education equity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165511/effects-of-education-equity-policy-on-housing-prices-evidence-from-simultaneous-admission-to-public-and-private-schools-policy-in-shanghai" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8096</span> The Sensitivity of Credit Defaults Swaps Premium to Global Risk Factor: Evidence from Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Cepni">Oguzhan Cepni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doruk%20Kucuksarac"> Doruk Kucuksarac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hasan%20Yilmaz"> M. Hasan Yilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Changes in the global risk appetite cause co-movement in emerging market risk premiums. However, the sensitivity of the changes in risk premium to the global risk appetite may vary across emerging markets. In this study, how the global risk appetite affects Credit Default Swap (CDS) premiums in emerging markets are analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and rolling regressions. The PCA results indicate that the first common component derived by the PCA accounts for almost 76 percent of the common variation in CDS premiums. Additionally, the explanatory power of the first factor seems to be high over the sample period. However, the sensitivity to the global risk factor tends to change over time and across countries. In this regard, fixed effects panel regressions are used to identify the macroeconomic factors driving the heterogeneity across emerging markets. The panel regression results point to the significance of government debt to GDP and international reserves to GDP in explaining sensitivity. Accordingly, countries with lower government debt and higher reserves tend to be less subject to the variations in the global risk appetite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20default%20swaps" title="credit default swaps">credit default swaps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20components%20analysis" title=" principal components analysis"> principal components analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereign%20risk" title=" sovereign risk"> sovereign risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75647/the-sensitivity-of-credit-defaults-swaps-premium-to-global-risk-factor-evidence-from-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8095</span> Stochastic Prioritization of Dependent Actuarial Risks: Preferences among Prospects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezgi%20Nevruz">Ezgi Nevruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasirga%20Yildirak"> Kasirga Yildirak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashis%20SenGupta"> Ashis SenGupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comparing or ranking risks is the main motivating factor behind the human trait of making choices. Cumulative prospect theory (CPT) is a preference theory approach that evaluates perception and bias in decision making under risk and uncertainty. We aim to investigate the aggregate claims of different risk classes in terms of their comparability and amenability to ordering when the impact of risk perception is considered. For this aim, we prioritize the aggregate claims taken as actuarial risks by using various stochastic ordering relations. In order to prioritize actuarial risks, we use stochastic relations such as stochastic dominance and stop-loss dominance that are proposed in the frame of partial order theory. We take into account the dependency of the individual claims exposed to similar environmental risks. At first, we modify the zero-utility premium principle in order to obtain a solution for the stop-loss premium under CPT. Then, we propose a stochastic stop-loss dominance of the aggregate claims and find a relation between the stop-loss dominance and the first-order stochastic dominance under the dependence assumption by using properties of the familiar as well as some emerging multivariate claim distributions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cumulative%20prospect%20theory" title="cumulative prospect theory">cumulative prospect theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20order%20theory" title=" partial order theory"> partial order theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title=" risk perception"> risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20dominance" title=" stochastic dominance"> stochastic dominance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stop-loss%20dominance" title=" stop-loss dominance"> stop-loss dominance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55845/stochastic-prioritization-of-dependent-actuarial-risks-preferences-among-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8094</span> Optimal Evaluation of Weather Risk Insurance for Wheat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slim%20Amami">Slim Amami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A model is developed to prevent the risks related to climate conditions in the agricultural sector. It will determine the yearly optimum premium to be paid by a farmer in order to reach his required turnover. The model is mainly based on both climatic stability and 'soft' responses of usually grown species to average climate variations at the same place and inside a safety ball which can be determined from past meteorological data. This allows the use of linear regression expression for dependence of production result in terms of driving meteorological parameters, main ones of which are daily average sunlight, rainfall and temperature. By a simple best parameter fit from the expert table drawn with professionals, optimal representation of yearly production is deduced from records of previous years, and yearly payback is evaluated from minimum yearly produced turnover. Optimal premium is then deduced, and gives the producer a useful bound for negotiating an offer by insurance companies to effectively protect their harvest. The application to wheat production in the French Oise department illustrates the reliability of the present model with as low as 6% difference between predicted and real data. The model can be adapted to almost every agricultural field by changing state parameters and calibrating their associated coefficients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database" title=" database"> database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meteorological%20factors" title=" meteorological factors"> meteorological factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20model" title=" production model"> production model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20price" title=" optimal price "> optimal price </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10722/optimal-evaluation-of-weather-risk-insurance-for-wheat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8093</span> Choosing the Green Energy Option: A Willingness to Pay Study of Metro Manila Residents for Solar Renewable Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paolo%20Magnata">Paolo Magnata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The energy market in the Philippines remains to have one of the highest electricity rates in the region averaging at US$0.16/kWh (PHP6.89/kWh), excluding VAT, as opposed to the overall energy market average of US$0.13/kWh. The movement towards renewable energy, specifically solar energy, will pose as an expensive one with the country’s energy sector providing Feed-in-Tariff rates as high as US$0.17/kWh (PHP8.69/kWh) for solar energy power plants. Increasing the share of renewables at the current state of the energy regulatory background would yield a three-fold increase in residential electricity bills. The issue lies in the uniform charge that consumers bear regardless of where the electricity is sourced resulting in rates that only consider costs and not the consumers. But if they are given the option to choose where their electricity comes from, a number of consumers may potentially choose economically costlier sources of electricity due to higher levels of utility coupled with the willingness to pay of consuming environmentally-friendly sourced electricity. A contingent valuation survey was conducted to determine their willingness-to-pay for solar energy on a sample that was representative of Metro Manila to elicit their willingness-to-pay and a Single Bounded Dichotomous Choice and Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice analysis was used to estimate the amount they were willing to pay. The results showed that Metro Manila residents are willing to pay a premium on top of their current electricity bill amounting to US$5.71 (PHP268.42) – US$9.26 (PHP435.37) per month which is approximately 0.97% - 1.29% of their monthly household income. It was also discovered that besides higher income of households, a higher level of self-perceived knowledge on environmental awareness significantly affected the likelihood of a consumer to pay the premium. Shifting towards renewable energy is an expensive move not only for the government because of high capital investment but also to consumers; however, the Green Energy Option (a policy mechanism which gives consumers the option to decide where their electricity comes from) can potentially balance the shift of the economic burden by transitioning from a uniformly charged electricity rate to equitably charging consumers based on their willingness to pay for renewably sourced energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingent%20valuation" title="contingent valuation">contingent valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dichotomous%20choice" title=" dichotomous choice"> dichotomous choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68368/choosing-the-green-energy-option-a-willingness-to-pay-study-of-metro-manila-residents-for-solar-renewable-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=270">270</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=271">271</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premium%20rate&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>