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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bone_Flute.jpg/450px-Bone_Flute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bone_Flute.jpg/600px-Bone_Flute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7952" data-file-height="5304" /></a><figcaption>One of the gudi flutes discovered at <a href="/wiki/Jiahu" title="Jiahu">Jiahu</a>, on display at the <a href="/wiki/Henan_Museum" title="Henan Museum">Henan Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Jiahu" title="Jiahu">Jiahu</a> <b>gǔdí</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96" class="extiw" title="wikt:贾湖">贾湖</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B" class="extiw" title="wikt:骨笛">骨笛</a></span>) are the oldest known <a href="/wiki/Chinese_musical_instrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese musical instrument">musical instruments from China</a>, dating back to around 6000 BCE. <i>Gudi</i> means "bone <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flute</a>" in Chinese. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1984, six complete bone flutes, as well as the fragments of at least thirty more,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been excavated from several early <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Jiahu" title="Jiahu">Jiahu culture</a> tombs in Jiahu, Wuyan County, <a href="/wiki/Henan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Henan Province">Henan Province</a>, in Central China.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have been dated to 6000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bone flutes have average dimensions of approximately 20 cm × 1.1 cm (7.9 in × 0.4 in), and are made from the legs of the <a href="/wiki/Red-crowned_crane" title="Red-crowned crane">red-crowned crane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are open-ended and vary in the number of their finger holes, from one to eight; the 4 holed version has 3 holes in front and one thumb hole in back.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="previous error, not verified (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Jiahu bone whistles are much shorter than the flutes, with lengths of 5.7 to 10.5 cm (2 to 4 in), and generally having a smaller amount of holes. The number of holes and the spacing between the holes determined the musical <a href="/wiki/Range_(music)" title="Range (music)">range</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scale_(music)" title="Scale (music)">scale</a> or <a href="/wiki/Musical_mode" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical mode">mode</a> in which the flute was intended to function. Lee and Shen believed that the Jiahu culture understood the "resonance of an air column" (see <a href="/wiki/Open_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Open tube">open tube</a> and <a href="/wiki/Closed_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed tube">closed tube</a>) and were able to create an instrument that contained their "complete interval preference of Chinese music". Blowing across the open end of an end-blown bone flute to produce a musical sound, is accomplished in the same way, and produces a similar effect, as blowing across the open top of a bottle. The eight-holed flute can play "all harmonic <a href="/wiki/Interval_(music)" title="Interval (music)">intervals</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Register_(music)" title="Register (music)">registers</a>." These harmonic intervals are said to be a "function of culture" and were of a larger set compared to that now familiar in the West. Bone flutes were apparently also played as part of sacrificial rites, and employed in bird hunting. Gudi are not very common now, but there are some musicians today who play them. Musician <a href="/wiki/Tang_Junqiao" title="Tang Junqiao">Tang Junqiao</a> organized a team in 2016 to replicate the bone flute, and played music composed for the instrument at the Shanghai International Spring Music Festival.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px; height: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg/127px-%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg/190px-%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg/253px-%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B_%E7%AB%96.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5304" data-file-height="7952" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px; height: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg/190px-Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg/285px-Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg/380px-Neolithic_bone_flute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px; height: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neolithic_bone_flute,_Peiligang_Culture,_Wuyang,_Henan,_1987,_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg/190px-Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg/285px-Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg/380px-Neolithic_bone_flute%2C_Peiligang_Culture%2C_Wuyang%2C_Henan%2C_1987%2C_earliest_known_musical_instrument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_flutes" title="Chinese flutes">Chinese flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe_Flute" class="mw-redirect" title="Divje Babe Flute">Divje Babe Flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizi_(instrument)" title="Dizi (instrument)">Dizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End-blown_flute" title="End-blown flute">End-blown flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_China" title="Music of China">Music of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_flutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolithic flutes">Paleolithic flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Chinese musical instruments">Traditional Chinese musical instruments</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZhangHarbottleWangKong1999" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang, Juzhong; Harbottle, Garman; Wang, Changsui; Kong, Zhaochen (1999-09-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F43865">"Oldest playable musical instruments found at Jiahu early Neolithic site in China"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <b>401</b> (6751): 366–368. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F43865">10.1038/43865</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16862110">16862110</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Oldest+playable+musical+instruments+found+at+Jiahu+early+Neolithic+site+in+China&rft.volume=401&rft.issue=6751&rft.pages=366-368&rft.date=1999-09-23&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16862110&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F43865&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Juzhong&rft.au=Harbottle%2C+Garman&rft.au=Wang%2C+Changsui&rft.au=Kong%2C+Zhaochen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252F43865&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenan_Provincial_Institute_of_Cultural_Relics1989" class="citation journal cs1">Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics, 河南省文化研究所 (January 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&filename=WENW198901000&dbname=CJFD8589&uid=WEEvREcwSlJHSldSdmVqMVc3M1dGTW5wQWVoNDBGa3prTitqSFM4Skx4VT0=$9A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4IQMovwHtwkF4VYPoHbKxJw!!">"河南舞阳贾湖新石器时代遗址第二至六次发掘简报(in Chinese)"</a>. <i>Wenwu 文物</i> (1): 1–14,47<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wenwu+%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9&rft.atitle=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%88%9E%E9%98%B3%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E8%87%B3%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%8F%91%E6%8E%98%E7%AE%80%E6%8A%A5%28in+Chinese%29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-14%2C47&rft.date=1989-01&rft.aulast=Henan+Provincial+Institute+of+Cultural+Relics&rft.aufirst=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkns.cnki.net%2Fkcms%2Fdetail%2Fdetail.aspx%3Fdbcode%3DCJFD%26filename%3DWENW198901000%26dbname%3DCJFD8589%26uid%3DWEEvREcwSlJHSldSdmVqMVc3M1dGTW5wQWVoNDBGa3prTitqSFM4Skx4VT0%3D%249A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4IQMovwHtwkF4VYPoHbKxJw%21%21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPicard2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Picard, François (28 May 2015) [8 December 2014]. <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-4002281191">"Gudi"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grove_Music_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove Music Online">Grove Music Online</a></i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.L2281191">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2281191</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0"><bdi>978-1-56159-263-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gudi&rft.btitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015-05-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.L2281191&rft.isbn=978-1-56159-263-0&rft.aulast=Picard&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordmusiconline.com%2Fgrovemusic%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.001.0001%2Fomo-9781561592630-e-4002281191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/page/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenan_Provincial_Institute_of_Cultural_Relics1989" class="citation journal cs1">Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics (January 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&filename=WENW198901000&dbname=CJFD8589&uid=WEEvREcwSlJHSldSdmVqMVc3M1dGTW5wQWVoNDBGa3prTitqSFM4Skx4VT0=$9A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4IQMovwHtwkF4VYPoHbKxJw!!">"河南舞阳贾湖新石器时代遗址第二至六次发掘简报(in Chinese)"</a>. <i>Wenwu 文物</i> (1): 12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wenwu+%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9&rft.atitle=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%88%9E%E9%98%B3%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E8%87%B3%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%8F%91%E6%8E%98%E7%AE%80%E6%8A%A5%28in+Chinese%29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1989-01&rft.au=Henan+Provincial+Institute+of+Cultural+Relics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkns.cnki.net%2Fkcms%2Fdetail%2Fdetail.aspx%3Fdbcode%3DCJFD%26filename%3DWENW198901000%26dbname%3DCJFD8589%26uid%3DWEEvREcwSlJHSldSdmVqMVc3M1dGTW5wQWVoNDBGa3prTitqSFM4Skx4VT0%3D%249A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4IQMovwHtwkF4VYPoHbKxJw%21%21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuo2017" class="citation journal cs1">Huo, Kun (July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/KXReader/Detail?TIMESTAMP=637628215661835937&DBCODE=CJFD&TABLEName=CJFDLAST2018&FileName=BYYY201707029&RESULT=1&SIGN=1h50ueWvU2BDgdHBTfEzCDeXB0c%3d">"贾湖骨笛乐音初义(in Chinese)"</a>. <i>北方音乐 North Music</i>. <b>37</b> (7): 27–28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90+North+Music&rft.atitle=%E8%B4%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AA%A8%E7%AC%9B%E4%B9%90%E9%9F%B3%E5%88%9D%E4%B9%89%28in+Chinese%29&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=27-28&rft.date=2017-07&rft.aulast=Huo&rft.aufirst=Kun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkns.cnki.net%2FKXReader%2FDetail%3FTIMESTAMP%3D637628215661835937%26DBCODE%3DCJFD%26TABLEName%3DCJFDLAST2018%26FileName%3DBYYY201707029%26RESULT%3D1%26SIGN%3D1h50ueWvU2BDgdHBTfEzCDeXB0c%253d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMengjie2018" class="citation news cs1">Mengjie (4 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180428042427/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-04/10/c_137100898.htm">"Musical to reproduce sound of ancient flute at coming festival"</a>. <i>Xinhua</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-04/10/c_137100898.htm">the original</a> on April 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Xinhua&rft.atitle=Musical+to+reproduce+sound+of+ancient+flute+at+coming+festival&rft.date=2018-04-04&rft.au=Mengjie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2018-04%2F10%2Fc_137100898.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ol><li>Chang, Lulu Huang. From Confucius to Kublai Khan. Canada: The Institute of Mediaeval Music, 1993. (2-7)</li> <li>Lee, Yuan-Yuan and Sin-Yan Shen. Chinese Musical Instruments. Chicago: Chinese Music Society of North America, 1999. (63-66)</li> <li>Shen, Sin-Yan. China: A Journey into Its Musical Art. Chicago: Chinese Music Society of North America, 2000. (107-108)</li> <li>So, Jenny F. ed. Music in the Age of Confucius. Washington, D.C.: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M Sackler Gallery, 2000. (88-90)</li> <li>Wu, Ben. "Archaeology and History of Musical Instruments in China". The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music East Asia: China, Japan, and Korea. Vol. 7. Ed Robert C. Provine, Yosihiko Tokumaru, and J Laurence Witzleban. New York: Routledge, 2002. (105-6)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhangHarbottleWangKong1999" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang, Juzhong; Harbottle, Garman; Wang, Changsui; Kong, Zhaochen (September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F43865">"Oldest playable musical instruments found at Jiahu early Neolithic site in China"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>401</b> (6751): 366–368. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999Natur.401..366Z">1999Natur.401..366Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F43865">10.1038/43865</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16862110">16862110</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Oldest+playable+musical+instruments+found+at+Jiahu+early+Neolithic+site+in+China&rft.volume=401&rft.issue=6751&rft.pages=366-368&rft.date=1999-09&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16862110&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F43865&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1999Natur.401..366Z&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Juzhong&rft.au=Harbottle%2C+Garman&rft.au=Wang%2C+Changsui&rft.au=Kong%2C+Zhaochen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252F43865&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGudi+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFHuang1989">Huang, Xiang-peng (黄翔鹏) (1989). "Wuyang Jiahu gudi de ceyin yanjiu (舞阳贾湖骨笛的测音研究) " [Pitch Measurement Studies of Bone Flutes from Jiahu of Wuyang County]. <i>Wenwu</i> (文物) [Cultural Relics], no. 1:15–17. Reprinted in 黄翔鹏文存 [Collected Essays of Huang Xiang-Peng], 2 vols, edited by Zhongguo Yishu Yanjiuyuan Yinyue Yanjiusuo (中国艺术研究院音乐研究所), 557–60. Ji'nan, China: Shandong Wenyi Chubanshe, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5329-2669-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5329-2669-5">978-7-5329-2669-5</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFWu1991">Wu, Zhao (吴钊) (1991). "Jiahu guiling gudi yu Zhongguo yinyue wenming zhi yuan (贾湖龟铃骨笛与中国音乐文明之源)" [The relation of Jiahu bone flutes and turtle shell shakers to the origin of Chinese music]. <i>Wenwu</i> (文物) [Cultural Relics], no. 3: 50–55.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chineseinstruments.org/">Flutes under Wind Section</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027140529/http://www.geocities.com/rvelaz.geo/china/china.html">Musical Description</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived October 27, 2009)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/master.html?http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/0905/0905_feature.html">Natural History Magazine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sample_music">Sample music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudi_(instrument)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sample music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061210090150/http://www.mnfolkarts.org/zhang/zhang.html">Turkey Bone Flute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/1999/bnlpr092299.html">Samples in Article</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">Bansuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daegeum" title="Daegeum">Daegeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizi_(instrument)" title="Dizi (instrument)">Dizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fife_(instrument)" title="Fife (instrument)">Fife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-key_flute" title="Five-key flute">Five-key flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fue_(flute)" title="Fue (flute)">Fue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kagurabue" title="Kagurabue">Kagurabue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komabue" title="Komabue">Komabue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minteki" title="Minteki">Minteki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nohkan" title="Nohkan">Nohkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABteki" title="Ryūteki">Ryūteki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinobue" title="Shinobue">Shinobue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokobue" title="Yokobue">Yokobue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_flute" title="Glass flute">Glass flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_flute" title="Irish flute">Irish flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koudi" title="Koudi">Koudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1o" title="Sáo">Sáo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_system_flute" title="Simple system flute">Simple system flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambin" title="Tambin">Tambin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venu" title="Venu">Venu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xindi_(instrument)" title="Xindi (instrument)">Xindi</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Concert" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_western_concert_flute_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the western concert flute family">Concert</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo" title="Piccolo">Piccolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treble_flute" title="Treble flute">Treble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soprano_flute" title="Soprano flute">Soprano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_concert_flute" title="Western concert flute">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%BBte_d%27amour" title="Flûte d'amour">Flûte d'amour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_flute" title="Alto flute">Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_flute" title="Bass flute">Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra-alto_flute" title="Contra-alto flute">Contra-alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_flute" title="Contrabass flute">Contrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcontrabass_flute" title="Subcontrabass flute">Subcontrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_contrabass_flute" class="mw-redirect" title="Double contrabass flute">Double contrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbass_flute" title="Hyperbass flute">Hyperbass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/End-blown_flute" title="End-blown flute">End-<br />blown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anasazi_flute" title="Anasazi flute">Anasazi flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danso" title="Danso">Danso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floghera" title="Floghera">Floghera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frilka" title="Frilka">Frilka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fue_(flute)" title="Fue (flute)">Fue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotchiku" title="Hotchiku">Hotchiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakuhachi" title="Shakuhachi">Shakuhachi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaval" title="Kaval">Kaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dauau" title="Kōauau">Kōauau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ney" title="Ney">Ney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nose_flute" title="Nose flute">Nose flute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalaleng" title="Kalaleng">Kalaleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nose_whistle" title="Nose whistle">Nose whistle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinkillu" title="Pinkillu">Pinkillu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quena" title="Quena">Qina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quray" title="Quray">Quray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodina" title="Sodina">Sodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopilka" title="Sopilka">Sopilka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0upelka" title="Šupelka">Šupelka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svirel" title="Svirel">Svirel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washint" title="Washint">Washint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_(flute)" title="Xiao (flute)">Xiao</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pan" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan_flute" title="Pan flute">Pan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuvytsi" title="Kuvytsi">Kuvytsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larchemi" title="Larchemi">Larchemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nai_(pan_flute)" title="Nai (pan flute)">Nai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miskal" title="Miskal">Miskal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paixiao" title="Paixiao">Paixiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siku_(instrument)" title="Siku (instrument)">Siku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larchemi" title="Larchemi">Soinari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wot_(instrument)" title="Wot (instrument)">Wot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fipple" title="Fipple">Fipple</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almpfeiferl" title="Almpfeiferl">Almpfeiferl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atenteben" title="Atenteben">Atenteben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentsivka" title="Dentsivka">Dentsivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diple" title="Diple">Diple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvoyanka" title="Dvoyanka">Dvoyanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabiol" title="Flabiol">Flabiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flageolet" title="Flageolet">Flageolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frula" title="Frula">Frula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujara" title="Fujara">Fujara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulophone" title="Hydraulophone">Hydraulophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khloy" title="Khloy">Khloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khlui" title="Khlui">Khlui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuisi" title="Kuisi">Kuisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_whistle" title="Low whistle">Low whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_flute" title="Native American flute">Native American flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_pipe" title="Organ pipe">Organ pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salamuri" title="Salamuri">Salamuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvi" title="Shvi">Shvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B8fl%C3%B8yte" title="Sjøfløyte">Sjøfløyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_whistle" title="Slide whistle">Slide whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souravli" title="Souravli">Souravli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spil%C3%A5pipa" title="Spilåpipa">Spilåpipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabule" title="Stabule">Stabule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarka_(flute)" title="Tarka (flute)">Tarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-hole_pipe" title="Three-hole pipe">Tabor pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_whistle" title="Tin whistle">Tin whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Txistu" title="Txistu">Txistu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistle" title="Whistle">Whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xirula" title="Xirula">Xirula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuffolo" title="Zuffolo">Zuffolo</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Recorders" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recorder_(musical_instrument)" title="Recorder (musical instrument)">Recorders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garklein_recorder" title="Garklein recorder">Garklein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopranino_recorder" title="Sopranino recorder">Sopranino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soprano_recorder" title="Soprano recorder">Soprano (descant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_recorder" title="Alto recorder">Alto (treble)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_flute" title="Voice flute">Voice flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_recorder" title="Tenor recorder">Tenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_recorder" title="Bass recorder">Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_bass_recorder" title="Great bass recorder">Great bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_recorder" title="Contrabass recorder">Contrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-great_bass_recorder" title="Sub-great bass recorder">Sub-great bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-contrabass_recorder" title="Sub-contrabass recorder">Sub-contrabass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overtone_flute" title="Overtone flute">Overtone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fujara" title="Fujara">Fujara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyuka" title="Kalyuka">Kalyuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koncovka" title="Koncovka">Koncovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_flute" title="Willow flute">Willow flute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vessel_flute" title="Vessel flute">Vessel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemshorn" title="Gemshorn">Gemshorn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pifana" title="Pifana">Pifana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hun_(instrument)" title="Hun (instrument)">Hun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molinukai" title="Molinukai">Molinukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocarina" title="Ocarina">Ocarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonette" title="Tonette">Tonette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xun_(instrument)" title="Xun (instrument)">Xun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_whistle" title="Shepherd's whistle">Shepherd's whistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_flute_music" title="Chinese folk flute music">Chinese folk flute music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_for_flute" title="List of compositions for flute">List of compositions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_hole" title="Tone hole">Tone hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uakti_(myth)" title="Uakti (myth)">Uakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_flute" title="Vertical flute">Vertical flute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" title="Template:Traditional Chinese musical instruments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" title="Template talk:Traditional Chinese musical instruments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Traditional Chinese musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Traditional_Chinese_musical_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_musical_instruments" title="List of Chinese musical instruments">Traditional Chinese musical instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Silk (string)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plucked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duxianqin" title="Duxianqin">Duxianqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guqin" title="Guqin">Guqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guzheng" title="Guzheng">Guzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konghou" title="Konghou">Konghou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liuqin" title="Liuqin">Liuqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipa" title="Pipa">Pipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinqin" title="Qinqin">Qinqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruan_(instrument)" title="Ruan (instrument)">Ruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanxian" title="Sanxian">Sanxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se_(instrument)" title="Se (instrument)">Se</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueqin" title="Yueqin">Yueqin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bowed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banhu" title="Banhu">Banhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daguangxian" title="Daguangxian">Daguangxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahu_(instrument)" title="Dahu (instrument)">Dahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datong_(instrument)" title="Datong (instrument)">Datong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihu" title="Dihu">Dihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diyingehu" title="Diyingehu">Diyingehu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhu" title="Erhu">Erhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erxian" title="Erxian">Erxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaohu" title="Gaohu">Gaohu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gehu" title="Gehu">Gehu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huqin" title="Huqin">Huqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaohu" title="Jiaohu">Jiaohu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_erhu" title="Jing erhu">Jing erhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinghu_(instrument)" title="Jinghu (instrument)">Jinghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laruan" title="Laruan">Laruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiqin" title="Leiqin">Leiqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morin_khuur" title="Morin khuur">Matouqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguhu" title="Maguhu">Maguhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhu" title="Sanhu">Sanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihu_(instrument)" title="Sihu (instrument)">Sihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiqin" title="Tiqin">Tiqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tihu_(instrument)" title="Tihu (instrument)">Tihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuhu" title="Tuhu">Tuhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehu" title="Yehu">Yehu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazheng" title="Yazheng">Yazheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiqin_(instrument)" title="Xiqin (instrument)">Xiqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhonghu" title="Zhonghu">Zhonghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuihu" title="Zhuihu">Zhuihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuihu" title="Zhuihu">Zhuiqin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Struck</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yangqin" title="Yangqin">Yangqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_(string_instrument)" title="Zhu (string instrument)">Zhu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="text-align: center;">Bamboo<br />(woodwind)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dizi_(instrument)" title="Dizi (instrument)">Dizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koudi" title="Koudi">Koudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paixiao" title="Paixiao">Paixiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_(flute)" title="Xiao (flute)">Xiao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oboes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guan_(instrument)" title="Guan (instrument)">Guan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suona" title="Suona">Suona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="text-align: center;">Free-<br />reed<br />pipes</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bawu" title="Bawu">Bawu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangtong" title="Mangtong">Mangtong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="text-align: center;">Gourd<br />(woodwind)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gourd_mouth_organ" title="Gourd mouth organ">Hulusheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulusi" title="Hulusi">Hulusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)" title="Sheng (instrument)">Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_(wind_instrument)" title="Yu (wind instrument)">Yu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Percussion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guban_(instrument)" title="Guban (instrument)">Guban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_fish" title="Wooden fish">Muyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paiban" title="Paiban">Paiban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_(percussion_instrument)" title="Yu (percussion instrument)">Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_(percussion_instrument)" title="Zhu (percussion instrument)">Zhu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bianqing" title="Bianqing">Bianqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sounding_stone" title="Sounding stone">Qing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bianzhong" title="Bianzhong">Bianzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangxiang" title="Fangxiang">Fangxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luo (instrument)">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunluo" title="Yunluo">Yunluo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clay</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fou_(instrument)" title="Fou (instrument)">Fou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_drum" title="Alligator drum">Alligator drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangu_(drum)" title="Bangu (drum)">Bangu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellet_drum" title="Pellet drum">Bolanggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiegu" title="Jiegu">Jiegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paigu" title="Paigu">Paigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanggu_(drum)" title="Tanggu (drum)">Tanggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangu" title="Zhangu">Zhangu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kouxian" title="Kouxian">Kouxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusheng" title="Lusheng">Lusheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xun_(instrument)" title="Xun (instrument)">Xun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prehistoric_technology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template talk:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prehistoric_technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_technology" title="Prehistoric technology">Prehistoric technology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_prehistory" title="Timeline of prehistory">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" title="Outline of prehistoric technology">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-age_system#Stone_Age_subdivisions" title="Three-age system">Subdivisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">New Stone Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_archaeology" title="Glossary of archaeology">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Tools</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">Farming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founder_crops" title="Founder crops">Founder crops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_crops" title="New World crops">New World crops</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard_(plough)" title="Ard (plough)">Ard / plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celt_(tool)" title="Celt (tool)">Celt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">Digging stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goad" title="Goad">Goad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_products_revolution" title="Secondary products revolution">Secondary products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sickle" title="Sickle">Sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrace_(earthworks)" title="Terrace (earthworks)">Terracing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Food processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans" title="Control of fire by early humans">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basket" title="Basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_oven" title="Earth oven">Earth oven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granary" title="Granary">Granaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_slab" title="Grinding slab">Grinding slab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_stone" title="Ground stone">Ground stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearth" title="Hearth">Hearth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk#Hearths" title="Aşıklı Höyük">Aşıklı Höyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_cave#Fire" title="Qesem cave">Qesem cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mano_(stone)" title="Mano (stone)">Manos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">Metate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">Mortar and pestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_storage_pits" title="Prehistoric storage pits">Storage pits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Hunting_hypothesis" title="Hunting hypothesis">Hunting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomerang" title="Boomerang">Boomerang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Throwing_stick" title="Throwing stick">throwing stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">Bow and arrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_archery" title="History of archery">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Hunting" title="Gravettian">Nets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">Spear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spear-thrower" title="Spear-thrower">spear-thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_fragment_(Palart_310)" title="Baton fragment (Palart 310)">baton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6ningen_spears" title="Schöningen spears">Schöningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woomera_(spear-thrower)" title="Woomera (spear-thrower)">woomera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">Projectile points</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrowhead" title="Arrowhead">Arrowhead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_arrowhead" title="Transverse arrowhead">Transverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bare_Island_projectile_point" title="Bare Island projectile point">Bare Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_point" title="Cascade point">Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswellian_culture" title="Creswellian culture">Cresswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_point" title="Cumberland point">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_point" title="Eden point">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_point" title="Folsom point">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamoka_projectile_point" title="Lamoka projectile point">Lamoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manis_Mastodon_site" title="Manis Mastodon site">Manis Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_point" title="Plano point">Plano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game_drive_system" title="Game drive system">Game drive system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_jump" title="Buffalo jump">Buffalo jump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Toolmaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industry_(archaeology)" title="Industry (archaeology)">Earliest toolmaking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldowan" title="Oldowan">Oldowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acheulean" title="Acheulean">Acheulean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurignacian" title="Aurignacian">Aurignacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupstone" title="Cupstone">Cupstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_hardening" title="Fire hardening">Fire hardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian" title="Gravettian">Gravettian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafting" title="Hafting">Hafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_axe" title="Hand axe">Hand axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grooves_(archaeology)" title="Grooves (archaeology)">Grooves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdale_axe_industry" title="Langdale axe industry">Langdale axe industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallois_technique" title="Levallois technique">Levallois technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_core" title="Lithic core">Lithic core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_reduction" title="Lithic reduction">Lithic reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_analysis" title="Lithic analysis">analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debitage" title="Debitage">debitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_flake" title="Lithic flake">flake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Lithic technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalenian" title="Magdalenian">Magdalenian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy" title="Ferrous metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microblade_technology" title="Microblade technology">Microblade technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime%27s_Graves" title="Grime's Graves">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepared-core_technique" title="Prepared-core technique">Prepared-core technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solutrean" title="Solutrean">Solutrean industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_platform" title="Striking platform">Striking platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_stone" title="Tool stone">Tool stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniface" title="Uniface">Uniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubetsu_technique" title="Yubetsu technique">Yubetsu technique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Other tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Awl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Use_of_animal_remains" title="Gravettian">bone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannerstone" title="Bannerstone">Bannerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)" title="Blade (archaeology)">Blade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prismatic_blade" title="Prismatic blade">prismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_tool" title="Bone tool">Bone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_drill" title="Bow drill">Bow drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burin_(lithic_flake)" title="Burin (lithic flake)">Burin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe#History" title="Canoe">Canoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oar" title="Oar">Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesse_canoe" title="Pesse canoe">Pesse canoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(archaeology)" title="Chopper (archaeology)">Chopper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chopping_tool" title="Chopping tool">tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaver_(Stone_Age_tool)" title="Cleaver (Stone Age tool)">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denticulate_tool" title="Denticulate tool">Denticulate tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_plough" title="Fire plough">Fire plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-saw" title="Fire-saw">Fire-saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammerstone" title="Hammerstone">Hammerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microlith" title="Microlith">Microlith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racloir" title="Racloir">Racloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scraper_(archaeology)" title="Scraper (archaeology)">Scraper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grattoir_de_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Grattoir de côté">side</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_tool" title="Stone tool">Stone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tally_stick#Paleolithic_tally_sticks" title="Tally stick">Tally stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_weapons#Copper_Age" title="History of weapons">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronocice_pot" title="Bronocice pot">illustration</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_architecture" title="History of architecture">Architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiva" title="Kiva">Kiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhir" title="Menhir">Standing stones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_row" title="Stone row">row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Dwellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_architecture" title="Neolithic architecture">Neolithic architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_long_house" title="Neolithic long house">long house</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_megalith_architecture" title="British megalith architecture">British megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_megalith_architecture" title="Nordic megalith architecture">Nordic megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdei" title="Burdei">Burdei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_dwelling" title="Cliff dwelling">Cliff dwelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(shelter)" title="Dugout (shelter)">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hut" title="Hut">Hut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quiggly_hole" title="Quiggly hole">Quiggly hole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacal" title="Jacal">Jacal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse" title="Longhouse">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudbrick" title="Mudbrick">Mudbrick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehrgarh#Lifestyle_and_technology" title="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit-house" title="Pit-house">Pit-house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_pueblitos" title="Navajo pueblitos">Pueblitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo" title="Pueblo">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">Rock shelter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">Abri de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibudu_Cave" title="Sibudu Cave">Sibudu Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundhouse_(dwelling)" title="Roundhouse (dwelling)">Roundhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilt_house" title="Stilt house">Stilt house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps">Alp pile dwellings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Stone roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattle_and_daub" title="Wattle and daub">Wattle and daub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Water management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Check_dam" title="Check dam">Check dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistern" title="Cistern">Cistern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flush_toilet#History" title="Flush toilet">Flush toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well" title="Well">Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feature_(archaeology)" title="Feature (archaeology)">Archaeological features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_mound" title="Burnt mound">Burnt mound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulacht_fiadh" title="Fulacht fiadh">fulacht fiadh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causewayed_enclosure" title="Causewayed enclosure">Causewayed enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_enclosure" title="Tor enclosure">Tor enclosure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_circular_enclosures_in_Central_Europe" title="Neolithic circular enclosures in Central Europe">Circular enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goseck_Circle" title="Goseck Circle">Goseck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursus" title="Cursus">Cursus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">Henge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thornborough_Henges" title="Thornborough Henges">Thornborough</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_architectural_elements" title="Megalithic architectural elements">Megalithic architectural elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_extant_buildings" title="List of oldest extant buildings">Oldest extant buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_circle" title="Timber circle">Timber circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_trackway" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber trackway">Timber trackway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Track" title="Sweet Track">Sweet Track</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arts_and_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_culture" title="Archaeological culture">culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Material goods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">Baskets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed#History" title="Bed">Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing/textiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cosmetics" title="History of cosmetics">Cosmetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hide_materials" title="History of hide materials">Hides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoe#History" title="Shoe">shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96tzi#Clothes_and_shoes" title="Ötzi">Ötzi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery#History" title="Jewellery">Jewelry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber#Use" title="Amber">amber use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror#History" title="Mirror">Mirrors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery#History" title="Pottery">Pottery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardium_pottery" title="Cardium pottery">Cardium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord-marked_pottery" title="Cord-marked pottery">Cord-marked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooved_ware" title="Grooved ware">Grooved ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_pottery" title="Jōmon pottery">Jōmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unstan_ware" title="Unstan ware">Unstan ware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle#History" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">Wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press#Early_history" title="History of the wine press">wine press</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Prehistoric art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Upper Paleolithic">Art of the Upper Paleolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Middle_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Middle Paleolithic">Art of the Middle Paleolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave#Archaeological_remains_and_material_culture_from_the_Middle_Stone_Age_levels" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stone_Age_art" title="List of Stone Age art">List of Stone Age art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_stone" title="Bird stone">Bird stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">Cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carved_stone_balls" title="Carved stone balls">Carved stone balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark" title="Cup and ring mark">Cup and ring mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoglyph" title="Geoglyph">Geoglyph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hill_figure" title="Hill figure">Hill figure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_hat" title="Golden hat">Golden hats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_stones" title="Guardian stones">Guardian stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion rock paintings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting#Pre-history" title="History of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment#History" title="Pigment">pigment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_art" title="Megalithic art">Megalithic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroform" title="Petroform">Petroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroglyph" title="Petroglyph">Petroglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosomatoglyph" title="Petrosomatoglyph">Petrosomatoglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictogram" title="Pictogram">Pictogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art" title="Rock art">Rock art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cupule" title="Rock cupule">Rock cupule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Stone carving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture#Prehistoric_periods" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_menhir" title="Statue menhir">Statue menhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circle" title="Stone circle">Stone circle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stone_circles" title="List of stone circles">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circles_in_the_British_Isles_and_Brittany" title="Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany">British Isles and Brittany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_figurine" title="Venus figurine">Venus figurine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Burial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">Burial mounds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_barrow" title="Bowl barrow">Bowl barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_barrow" title="Round barrow">Round barrow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Builders" title="Mound Builders">Mound Builders culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_mounds_in_the_United_States" title="List of burial mounds in the United States">U.S. sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_tomb" title="Chamber tomb">Chamber tomb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold-Severn_Group" title="Cotswold-Severn Group">Cotswold-Severn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cist" title="Cist">Cist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmoor_kistvaens" title="Dartmoor kistvaens">Dartmoor kistvaens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clava_cairn" title="Clava cairn">Clava cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_cairn" title="Court cairn">Court cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremation#History" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmen" title="Dolmen">Dolmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_dolmen" title="Great dolmen">Great dolmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyre" title="Pyre">Funeral pyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_grave" title="Gallery grave">Gallery grave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transepted_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Transepted gallery grave">transepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge-shaped_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge-shaped gallery grave">wedge-shaped</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grave_goods" title="Grave goods">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar_burial" title="Jar burial">Jar burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_barrow" title="Long barrow">Long barrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_barrow" title="Unchambered long barrow">unchambered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8nsalen" title="Grønsalen">Grønsalen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalithic tomb">Megalithic tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_grave" title="Passage grave">Passage grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectangular_dolmen" title="Rectangular dolmen">Rectangular dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_cairn" title="Ring cairn">Ring cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_dolmen" title="Simple dolmen">Simple dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_box_grave" title="Stone box grave">Stone box grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_cairn" title="Tor cairn">Tor cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_cairn" title="Unchambered long cairn">Unchambered long cairn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country" title="List of archaeoastronomical sites by country">sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_modernity" title="Behavioral modernity">Behavioral modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_musicology" title="Evolutionary musicology">Evolutionary musicology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_archaeology" title="Music archaeology">music archaeology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_drugs_and_the_archaeological_record" title="Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record">Spiritual drug use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_language" title="Origin of language">Origin of language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_counting" title="Prehistoric counting">Prehistoric counting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_medicine" title="Prehistoric medicine">Prehistoric medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trepanning" title="Trepanning">trepanning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_music" title="Prehistoric music">Prehistoric music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_drum" title="Alligator drum">Alligator drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_flute" title="Paleolithic flute">flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe_flute" title="Divje Babe flute">Divje Babe flute</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">gudi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howiesons_Poort#Symbolism" title="Howiesons Poort">symbolism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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