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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ver também</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ver_também-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Francis Galton</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 59 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرانسيس غالتون — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرانسيس غالتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرانسيس جالتون — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرانسيس جالتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرانسیس قالتون — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فرانسیس قالتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Фрэнсіс Гальтан — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрэнсіс Гальтан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Френсис Галтън — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Френсис Галтън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Френсис Гальтон — chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Френсис Гальтон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرانسیس گالتون — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرانسیس گالتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="פרנסיס גולטון — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרנסיס גולטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ֆրենսիս Գալթոն — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրենսիս Գալթոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="フランシス・ゴルトン — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランシス・ゴルトン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಗಾಲ್ಟನ್ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಗಾಲ್ಟನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B3%A8%ED%84%B4" title="프랜시스 골턴 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랜시스 골턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Гальтон, Фрэнсис — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гальтон, Фрэнсис" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Galton" title="Franciscus Galton — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Franciscus Galton" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C4%81nsiss_Goltons" title="Frānsiss Goltons — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Frānsiss Goltons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Франсис Галтон — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Франсис Галтон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرانسیس ګالتون — pastó" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فرانسیس ګالتون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Гальтон, Фрэнсис — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гальтон, Фрэнсис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="फ्रान्सिस् गाल्टन् — sânscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फ्रान्सिस् गाल्टन्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sânscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Френсис Галтон — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Френсис Галтон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Francis_Galton" title="Sir Francis Galton — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sir Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Фронсис Голтун — tajique" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фронсис Голтун" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Френсіс Гальтон — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Френсіс Гальтон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransis_Galton" title="Fransis Galton — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fransis Galton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF" title="弗朗西斯·高尔顿 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗朗西斯·高尔顿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93" title="法蘭西斯·高爾頓 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法蘭西斯·高爾頓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Francis Galton" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93" title="法蘭西斯·高爾頓 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法蘭西斯·高爾頓" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q191026#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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.tmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Sem_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Este artigo ou secção contém <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes#Referências_no_fim" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">uma lista de referências no fim do texto</a>, mas as suas fontes não são claras porque <b>não são <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes#Referências_no_texto" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">citadas no corpo do artigo</a></b>, o que <b>compromete a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipédia:V">confiabilidade</a></b> das informações.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&action=edit">melhorar</a></span> este artigo <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%C3%AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé">inserindo citações no corpo do artigo</a>.</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Abril de 2019</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center; font-size:large; background-color:gainsboro; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Francis Galton</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francis Galton"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg/200px-Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg/300px-Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Francis_Galton_1850s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>Francis Galton</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Eugenia" title="Eugenia">Eugenia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/16_de_fevereiro#Nascimentos" title="16 de fevereiro">16 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1822" title="1822">1822</a><br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/17_de_janeiro" title="17 de janeiro">17 de janeiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> (88 anos)<br /><span class="deathplace"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haslemere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haslemere (página não existe)">Haslemere</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Sepultamento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Claverdon </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Inglaterra" title="Inglaterra">Inglês</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cidadania </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Reino_Unido_da_Gr%C3%A3-Bretanha_e_Irlanda" title="Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda">Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Progenitores </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Samuel Tertius Galton</li><li>Frances Ann Violetta Galton</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cônjuge </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Louisa Jane Butler </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Irmão(ã)(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Emma Sophia Galton, Lucy Harriott Galton, Elizabeth Anne Galton, Erasmus Galton, Millicent Adele Galton, Darwin Galton </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_de_Londres" title="King's College de Londres">King's College de Londres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Cambridge" title="Universidade de Cambridge">Universidade de Cambridge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Ocupação </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tico" title="Matemático">matemático</a>, explorador, <a href="/wiki/Antrop%C3%B3logo" title="Antropólogo">antropólogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geneticista" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneticista">geneticista</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psic%C3%B3logo" title="Psicólogo">psicólogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ge%C3%B3grafo" title="Geógrafo">geógrafo</a>, meteorologista, <a href="/wiki/Estat%C3%ADstico" title="Estatístico">estatístico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fil%C3%B3sofo" title="Filósofo">filósofo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%B3logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociólogo">sociólogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Escritor" title="Escritor">escritor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fot%C3%B3grafo" title="Fotógrafo">fotógrafo</a>, inventor, fisiólogo, eugenista </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Distinções </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Real" title="Medalha Real">Medalha Real</a> (1886), <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Darwin-Wallace" title="Medalha Darwin-Wallace">Medalha Darwin-Wallace</a> (1908), <a href="/wiki/Medalha_Copley" title="Medalha Copley">Medalha Copley</a> (1910) </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Orientador(a)(es/s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/William_Hopkins" title="William Hopkins">William Hopkins</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Orientado(a)(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Pearson" title="Karl Pearson">Karl Pearson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Instituições </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Meteorological Council, <a href="/wiki/Sociedade_Geogr%C3%A1fica_Real_(Reino_Unido)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociedade Geográfica Real (Reino Unido)">Sociedade Geográfica Real (Reino Unido)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Campo(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Antropologia" title="Antropologia">Antropologia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Obras destacadas </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tabuleiro_de_Galton" title="Tabuleiro de Galton">tabuleiro de Galton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Página oficial </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://galton.org">http://galton.org</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:gainsboro"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191026" class="extiw" title="d:Q191026">edite no Wikidata</a>]</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Francis Galton</b> (<a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/16_de_fevereiro" title="16 de fevereiro">16 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1822" title="1822">1822</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haslemere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haslemere (página não existe)">Haslemere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, <a href="/wiki/17_de_janeiro" title="17 de janeiro">17 de janeiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>) foi um <a href="/wiki/Antrop%C3%B3logo" title="Antropólogo">antropólogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteorologista" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteorologista">meteorologista</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tico" title="Matemático">matemático</a> e <a href="/wiki/Estat%C3%ADstico" title="Estatístico">estatístico</a> <a href="/wiki/Inglaterra" title="Inglaterra">inglês</a>. </p><p>Galton era o mais novo de nove filhos de um próspero banqueiro, nasceu em uma família socialmente abastada. Aos 16 anos, começou a aprender <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicina</a>, mas interessou-se pela <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica" title="Matemática">matemática</a>, formando-se nesta. Depois voltou a estudar medicina até à morte do seu pai, decidindo então por viajar e estudar parte da África. Voltando, escreveu muito a respeito de suas viagens, fez muito sucesso por isso, mas deixou de viajar quando se casou. Deu atenção a meteorologia, criando instrumentos e mapas aperfeiçoados e usados até hoje. </p><p>Galton produziu mais de 340 artigos e livros em toda sua vida envolvendo a distribuição geográfica da beleza, a moda, as impressões digitais, a eficácia da oração religiosa e o levantamento de peso. Também criou o conceito estatístico de <a href="/wiki/Correla%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Correlação">correlação</a>, a amplamente promovida <a href="/wiki/Regress%C3%A3o_%C3%A0_m%C3%A9dia" title="Regressão à média">regressão à média</a> e várias invenções como um periscópio, um dispositivo para abrir cadeados e uma versão inicial da impressora de teletipo. Ele foi o primeiro a aplicar métodos estatísticos para o estudo das diferenças e herança humanas de inteligência, e introduziu a utilização de questionários e pesquisas para coletar dados sobre as comunidades humanas, o que ele precisava para obras genealógicas e biográficas e para os seus estudos antropométricos. Como pesquisador da mente humana, fundou a <a href="/wiki/Psicometria_(psicologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Psicometria (psicologia)">psicometria</a> (a ciência da medição faculdades mentais) e a psicologia diferencial. </p><p>Era <a href="/wiki/Primo" class="mw-disambig" title="Primo">primo</a> de <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> e, baseado em sua obra, criou o <a href="/wiki/Conceito" title="Conceito">conceito</a> de "<a href="/wiki/Eugenia" title="Eugenia">eugenia</a>" que seria a melhora de uma determinada <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A9cie" title="Espécie">espécie</a> através da <a href="/wiki/Sele%C3%A7%C3%A3o_artificial" title="Seleção artificial">seleção artificial</a>. O primeiro livro importante para o pensamento de Galton foi <i>Hereditary Genius</i> (<a href="/wiki/1869" title="1869">1869</a>). A sua <a href="/wiki/Tese" title="Tese">tese</a> afirmava que um homem notável teria filhos notáveis. </p><p>O termo eugenia passa a ser cunhado apenas em 1883 na obra <i>Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development</i>. As conclusões de Galton sobre a hereditariedade e os chamados "bem nascidos" devem ser observadas pelo conhecimento científico no século XIX. Por isso, os estudos que tratam de Galton e a eugenia procuraram diferenciar aquilo que é proposto pelo cientista inglês em sua época e as diferentes formas políticas e sociais de como a noção de "eugenia" foi interpretada em lugares distintos.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Galton acreditava que a "raça" humana poderia ser melhorada caso fossem evitados "cruzamentos indesejáveis" o que acompanhava o sentido racista da eminente burguesia europeia da época. Isto porque se aproveitava das condições desumanas em países explorados por países europeus onde fez suas viagens para comparar as capacidades de um burguês com um camponês analfabeto levando ao pensamento orgulhoso e odioso que promoveu a eugenia que persiste até hoje em segregar pessoas em fundamentos racistas. O desenvolvimentos de <a href="/wiki/Teste_de_intelig%C3%AAncia" class="mw-redirect" title="Teste de inteligência">testes de inteligência</a> para selecionar homens e mulheres brilhantes, destinados à <a href="/wiki/Reprodu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_seletiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Reprodução seletiva">reprodução seletiva</a> são obras de Francis Galton em caráter de promover estes ideais para reafirmar o senso de superioridade eurocêntrico e como propaganda deturpar as possibilidades de enfraquecimento da comunidade branca europeia contra imigrantes. Esta ideologia teve papel fundamental na formação do <a href="/wiki/Fascismo" title="Fascismo">Fascismo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nazismo" title="Nazismo">nazismo</a> como paralelos do <a href="/wiki/Ultranacionalismo" title="Ultranacionalismo">ultranacionalismo</a> e afins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10454153">Francis Galton</a> (em inglês) no <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="color:gray;white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Fontes_n%C3%A3o_confi%C3%A1veis" title="Wikipédia:Fontes não confiáveis"><span title="É duvidoso que a fonte seja confiável. Este site foi classificado como fonte não fiável; ver Wikipédia:FNF.">fonte confiável?</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Geraldo Salgado Neto (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfh.ufsc.br/~revista/rch45-1/RCH45-1_artigo_10.pdf">«Sir Francis Galton e os extremos superiores da curva normal»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pdf)</span>. <i>Revista de ciências humanas</i>. <b>45</b> (1): 223-239</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrancis+Galton&rft.atitle=Sir+Francis+Galton+e+os+extremos+superiores+da+curva+normal&rft.au=Geraldo+Salgado+Neto&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+ci%C3%AAncias+humanas&rft.pages=223-239&rft.volume=45&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfh.ufsc.br%2F~revista%2Frch45-1%2FRCH45-1_artigo_10.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>CARVALHO, Leonardo Dallacqua de. A eugenia no humor da Revista Ilustrada Careta: raça e cor no Governo Provisório (1930-1934). 2014. 315 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História). – Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Assis, 2014.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://base.repositorio.unesp.br/bitstream/handle/11449/121974/000814895.pdf?sequence=1">[2]</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Bibliografia" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso.">Bibliografia</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://base.repositorio.unesp.br/bitstream/handle/11449/121974/000814895.pdf?sequence=1">[1]</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Processo_de_Galton%E2%80%93Watson" title="Processo de Galton–Watson">Processo de Galton-Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabuleiro_de_Galton" title="Tabuleiro de Galton">Tabuleiro de Galton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problema_de_Galton" title="Problema de Galton">Problema de Galton</a></li></ul> <p>  </p><table class="toccolours" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin:0 auto; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Edward_Hughes" title="David Edward Hughes">David Edward Hughes</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lankester" title="Ray Lankester">Ray Lankester</a></span></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Real" title="Medalha Real">Medalha Real</a></b><br />1886<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;">com <a href="/wiki/Peter_Guthrie_Tait" title="Peter Guthrie Tait">Peter Guthrie Tait</a></span></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ross_Clarke" title="Alexander Ross Clarke">Alexander Ross Clarke</a> e <a href="/wiki/Henry_Nottidge_Moseley" title="Henry Nottidge Moseley">Henry Nottidge Moseley</a></span></b></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a></span></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Copley" title="Medalha Copley">Medalha Copley</a></span></b><br />1910</td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_Darwin" title="George Darwin">George Darwin</a></span></b></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote"><img alt="Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/22px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/33px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/44px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption>Wikiquote</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> possui citações de ou sobre: <i><b><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Francis_Galton" class="extiw" title="q:Francis Galton">Francis Galton</a></b></i></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_Real._Laureados_(1851_—_1900)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Real_(1851_%E2%80%94_1900)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Real (1851 — 1900)"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_Real_(1851_%E2%80%94_1900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha Real (1851 — 1900) (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Real_(1851_%E2%80%94_1900)&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_Real._Laureados_(1851_—_1900)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Real" title="Medalha Real">Medalha Real. Laureados (1851 — 1900)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap">1851: <a href="/wiki/William_Parsons" title="William Parsons">William Parsons</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Newport" title="George Newport">George Newport</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1852: <a href="/wiki/James_Prescott_Joule" title="James Prescott Joule">James Prescott Joule</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Huxley" title="Thomas Henry Huxley">Thomas Henry Huxley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1853: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Tyndall" title="John Tyndall">John Tyndall</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1854: <a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_von_Hofmann" title="August Wilhelm von Hofmann">August Wilhelm von Hofmann</a> e <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dalton_Hooker" title="Joseph Dalton Hooker">Joseph Dalton Hooker</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1855: <a href="/wiki/John_Obadiah_Westwood" title="John Obadiah Westwood">John Obadiah Westwood</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Russell_Hind" title="John Russell Hind">John Russell Hind</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1856: <a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(naturalista)" title="John Richardson (naturalista)">John Richardson</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Thomson" title="William Thomson">William Thomson</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1857: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Frankland" title="Edward Frankland">Edward Frankland</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Lindley" title="John Lindley">John Lindley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1858: <a href="/wiki/Albany_Hancock" title="Albany Hancock">Albany Hancock</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Lassell" title="William Lassell">William Lassell</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1859: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cayley" title="Arthur Cayley">Arthur Cayley</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Bentham" title="George Bentham">George Bentham</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1860: <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Volney_Waller" title="Augustus Volney Waller">Augustus Volney Waller</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Fairbairn" title="William Fairbairn">William Fairbairn</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1861: <a href="/wiki/James_Joseph_Sylvester" title="James Joseph Sylvester">James Joseph Sylvester</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Benjamin_Carpenter" title="William Benjamin Carpenter">William Benjamin Carpenter</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1862: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_William_Williamson" title="Alexander William Williamson">Alexander William Williamson</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Romney_Robinson" title="John Thomas Romney Robinson">John Thomas Romney Robinson</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1863: <a href="/wiki/John_Peter_Gassiot" title="John Peter Gassiot">John Peter Gassiot</a> e <a href="/wiki/Miles_Joseph_Berkeley" title="Miles Joseph Berkeley">Miles Joseph Berkeley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1864: <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Lockhart_Clarke" title="Jacob Lockhart Clarke">Jacob Lockhart Clarke</a> e <a href="/wiki/Warren_De_La_Rue" title="Warren De La Rue">Warren De La Rue</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1865: <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Smith" title="Archibald Smith">Archibald Smith</a> e <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Prestwich" title="Joseph Prestwich">Joseph Prestwich</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1866: <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Kitchen_Parker" title="William Kitchen Parker">William Kitchen Parker</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1867: <a href="/wiki/John_Bennet_Lawes" title="John Bennet Lawes">John Bennet Lawes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Gilbert" title="Joseph Henry Gilbert">Joseph Henry Gilbert</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Edmond_Logan" title="William Edmond Logan">William Edmond Logan</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1868: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_Salmon" title="George Salmon">George Salmon</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1869: <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Matthiessen" title="Augustus Matthiessen">Augustus Matthiessen</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Maclear" title="Thomas Maclear">Thomas Maclear</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1870: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Davidson" title="Thomas Davidson">Thomas Davidson</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Hallowes_Miller" title="William Hallowes Miller">William Hallowes Miller</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1871: <a href="/wiki/George_Busk" title="George Busk">George Busk</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Stenhouse" title="John Stenhouse">John Stenhouse</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1872: <a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Carter" title="Henry John Carter">Henry John Carter</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Anderson" title="Thomas Anderson">Thomas Anderson</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1873: <a href="/wiki/George_James_Allman" title="George James Allman">George James Allman</a> e <a href="/wiki/Henry_Enfield_Roscoe" title="Henry Enfield Roscoe">Henry Enfield Roscoe</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1874: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clifton_Sorby" title="Henry Clifton Sorby">Henry Clifton Sorby</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Crawford_Williamson" title="William Crawford Williamson">William Crawford Williamson</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1875: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oldham" title="Thomas Oldham">Thomas Oldham</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Crookes" title="William Crookes">William Crookes</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1876: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wyville_Thomson" title="Charles Wyville Thomson">Charles Wyville Thomson</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Froude" title="William Froude">William Froude</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1877: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_Abel" title="Frederick Augustus Abel">Frederick Augustus Abel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Heer" title="Oswald Heer">Oswald Heer</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1878: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Carl_Ludwig_Gotthilf_G%C3%BCnther" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther">Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Allan_Broun" title="John Allan Broun">John Allan Broun</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1879: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ramsay" title="Andrew Ramsay">Andrew Ramsay</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Perkin" title="William Perkin">William Perkin</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1880: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Noble" title="Andrew Noble">Andrew Noble</a> e <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister" title="Joseph Lister">Joseph Lister</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1881: <a href="/wiki/John_Hewitt_Jellett" title="John Hewitt Jellett">John Hewitt Jellett</a> e <a href="/wiki/Francis_Maitland_Balfour" title="Francis Maitland Balfour">Francis Maitland Balfour</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1882: <a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt" title="John William Strutt">John William Strutt</a> e <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Flower" title="William Henry Flower">William Henry Flower</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1883: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Archer_Hirst" title="Thomas Archer Hirst">Thomas Archer Hirst</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Scott_Burdon-Sanderson" title="John Scott Burdon-Sanderson">John Scott Burdon-Sanderson</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1884: <a href="/wiki/George_Darwin" title="George Darwin">George Darwin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Oliver" title="Daniel Oliver">Daniel Oliver</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1885: <a href="/wiki/David_Edward_Hughes" title="David Edward Hughes">David Edward Hughes</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lankester" title="Ray Lankester">Ray Lankester</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1886: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Guthrie_Tait" title="Peter Guthrie Tait">Peter Guthrie Tait</a> e <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Francis Galton</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1887: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ross_Clarke" title="Alexander Ross Clarke">Alexander Ross Clarke</a> e <a href="/wiki/Henry_Nottidge_Moseley" title="Henry Nottidge Moseley">Henry Nottidge Moseley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1888: <a href="/wiki/Osborne_Reynolds" title="Osborne Reynolds">Osborne Reynolds</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Mueller" title="Ferdinand von Mueller">Ferdinand von Mueller</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1889: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Thorpe" title="Thomas Edward Thorpe">Thomas Edward Thorpe</a> e <a href="/wiki/Walter_Holbrook_Gaskell" title="Walter Holbrook Gaskell">Walter Holbrook Gaskell</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1890: <a href="/wiki/John_Hopkinson" title="John Hopkinson">John Hopkinson</a> e <a href="/wiki/David_Ferrier" title="David Ferrier">David Ferrier</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1891: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_William_Rucker" title="Arthur William Rucker">Arthur William Rucker</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lapworth" title="Charles Lapworth">Charles Lapworth</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1892: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pritchard" title="Charles Pritchard">Charles Pritchard</a> e <a href="/wiki/John_Newport_Langley" title="John Newport Langley">John Newport Langley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1893: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Marshall_Ward" title="Harry Marshall Ward">Harry Marshall Ward</a> e <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schuster" title="Arthur Schuster">Arthur Schuster</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1894: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a> e <a href="/wiki/Victor_Horsley" title="Victor Horsley">Victor Horsley</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1895: <a href="/wiki/John_Murray" title="John Murray">John Murray</a> e <a href="/wiki/James_Alfred_Ewing" title="James Alfred Ewing">James Alfred Ewing</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1896: <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Geikie" title="Archibald Geikie">Archibald Geikie</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Vernon_Boys" title="Charles Vernon Boys">Charles Vernon Boys</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1897: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strachey" title="Richard Strachey">Richard Strachey</a> e <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Russell_Forsyth" title="Andrew Russell Forsyth">Andrew Russell Forsyth</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1898: <a href="/wiki/John_Kerr" title="John Kerr">John Kerr</a> e <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gardiner" title="Walter Gardiner">Walter Gardiner</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1899: <a href="/wiki/William_Carmichael_McIntosh" title="William Carmichael McIntosh">William Carmichael McIntosh</a> e <a href="/wiki/George_FitzGerald" class="mw-redirect" title="George FitzGerald">George FitzGerald</a>  •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> 1900: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newton" title="Alfred Newton">Alfred Newton</a> e <a href="/wiki/Percy_Alexander_MacMahon" title="Percy Alexander MacMahon">Percy Alexander MacMahon</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medalha_Copley._Laureados_(1901–1950)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1901%E2%80%931950)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1901–1950)"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1901%E2%80%931950)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Medalha Copley (1901–1950) (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1901%E2%80%931950)&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medalha_Copley._Laureados_(1901–1950)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medalha_Copley" title="Medalha Copley">Medalha Copley. Laureados (1901–1950)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1901: <a href="/wiki/Josiah_Willard_Gibbs" title="Josiah Willard Gibbs">Josiah Willard Gibbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister" title="Joseph Lister">Joseph Lister</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Suess" title="Eduard Suess">Eduard Suess</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/William_Crookes" title="William Crookes">William Crookes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Mendeleiev" title="Dmitri Mendeleiev">Dmitri Mendeleiev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Ilyich_Mechnikov" title="Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov">Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Michelson" title="Albert A. Michelson">Albert A. Michelson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1910: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Francis Galton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/George_Darwin" title="George Darwin">George Darwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Felix_Klein" title="Felix Klein">Felix Klein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lankester" title="Ray Lankester">Ray Lankester</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1914: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1915: <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Ivan Pavlov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1916: <a href="/wiki/James_Dewar" title="James Dewar">James Dewar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1917: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Roux" title="Émile Roux">Émile Roux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1918: <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Hendrik Lorentz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1919: <a href="/wiki/William_Bayliss" title="William Bayliss">William Bayliss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Brown" title="Horace Brown">Horace Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Larmor" title="Joseph Larmor">Joseph Larmor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1923: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Lamb" title="Horace Lamb">Horace Lamb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1924: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Albert_Sharpey-Schafer" title="Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer">Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins" title="Frederick Gowland Hopkins">Frederick Gowland Hopkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Charles Scott Sherrington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Algernon_Parsons" title="Charles Algernon Parsons">Charles Algernon Parsons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">William Henry Bragg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schuster" title="Arthur Schuster">Arthur Schuster</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Theobald_Smith" title="Theobald Smith">Theobald Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/John_Scott_Haldane" title="John Scott Haldane">John Scott Haldane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">Charles Thomson Rees Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Evans" title="Arthur Evans">Arthur Evans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dale" title="Henry Dale">Henry Dale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Thomas Hunt Morgan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Langevin" title="Paul Langevin">Paul Langevin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lewis" title="Thomas Lewis">Thomas Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson" title="Robert Robinson">Robert Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barcroft" title="Joseph Barcroft">Joseph Barcroft</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ingram_Taylor" title="Geoffrey Ingram Taylor">Geoffrey Ingram Taylor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Avery" title="Oswald Avery">Oswald Avery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian" title="Edgar Douglas Adrian">Edgar Douglas Adrian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Harold_Hardy" title="Godfrey Harold Hardy">Godfrey Harold Hardy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Vivian_Hill" title="Archibald Vivian Hill">Archibald Vivian Hill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwick</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley">Lista Completa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1731%E2%80%931750)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1731–1750)">(1731–1750)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1751%E2%80%931800)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1751–1800)">(1751–1800)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1801%E2%80%931850)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1801–1850)">(1801–1850)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1851%E2%80%931900)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1851–1900)">(1851–1900)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(1951%E2%80%932000)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (1951–2000)">(1951–2000)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Medalha_Copley_(2001%E2%80%932050)" title="Predefinição:Medalha Copley (2001–2050)">(2001–2024)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Scientist.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Scientist.svg/40px-Scientist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Scientist.svg/60px-Scientist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Scientist.svg/80px-Scientist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre um(a) <a href="/wiki/Cientista" title="Cientista">cientista</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&action=edit">expandindo-o</a></span></b>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position:absolute; right:15px; font-size:smaller; display:none;"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-cientista" title="Predefinição:Esboço-cientista"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-cientista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Esboço-cientista (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-cientista&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td> </tr></tbody></table> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png/45px-NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png/68px-NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png/90px-NSRW_Charles_Robert_Darwin.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="525" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre <a href="/wiki/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Evolução">evolução</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&action=edit">expandindo-o</a></span></b>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position:absolute; right:15px; font-size:smaller; display:none;"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Predefinição:Esboço-evolução"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Esboço-evolução (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Esbo%C3%A7o-evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118702610">118702610</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Projeto_Gutenberg" title="Projeto Gutenberg">Gutenberg</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/4029">4029</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000012066307X">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_controle_da_Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Número de controle da Biblioteca do Congresso">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79135218">n79135218</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/2337">2337</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">MGP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=30175">30175</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00521859">00521859</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&id=35110848">35110848</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Notable_Names_Database" class="mw-redirect" title="Notable Names Database">NNDB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nndb.com/people/247/000098950/">000098950</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery" title="National Portrait Gallery">NPG</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp01715">mp01715</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Real_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Biblioteca Real dos Países Baixos">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070232822">070232822</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUKAT" class="extiw" title="pl:NUKAT">NUKAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=1207&url_prefix=http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/&id=n00098652">n00098652</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Books_Page" class="extiw" title="en:Online Books Page">OBP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Galton,Francis,1822-1911">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">ODNB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/33315">33315</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">openMLOL: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medialibrary.it/media/ricercaopen.aspx?selcrea=38278">38278</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Rijksbureau_voor_Kunsthistorische_Documentatie" title="Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie">RKD</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/artists/384504">384504</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAC" class="extiw" title="en:SNAC">SNAC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68p66bf">w68p66bf</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Universit%C3%A1rio_de_Documenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Sistema Universitário de Documentação">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031771289">031771289</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Treccani" title="Enciclopédia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sir-francis-galton">sir-francis-galton</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/WikiTree" title="WikiTree">WikiTree</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Galton-35">Galton-35</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Portugal" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal">PTBNP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/923791">923791</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Union_List_of_Artist_Names" title="Union List of Artist Names">ULAN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500058652">500058652</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL548699A?mode=all">OL548699A</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Israel" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Israel">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&local_base=nlx10&doc_number=000050924">000050924</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pontif%C3%ADcia_Universidade_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A1s_de_Aquino" title="Pontifícia Universidade São Tomás de Aquino">Angelicum</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pust.urbe.it/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=2573">2573</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Literaturarchiv_Marbach" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach">Kallías</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dla-marbach.de/find/opac/id/PE00446031">PE00446031</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Castellani_(Floren%C3%A7a)" title="Palazzo Castellani (Florença)">MG</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.museogalileo.it/imss/authResource?uri=42353">42353</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/829751">829751</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Pol%C3%B3nia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Polónia">NLP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/a0000003201535">a0000003201535</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56557486" class="extiw" title="d:Q56557486">Catálogo SHARE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.share-cat.unina.it/sharecat/searchNames?n_cluster_id=192205">192205</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&oldid=67261921">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Galton&oldid=67261921</a>"</div></div> 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