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De-evolution - RationalWiki

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margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #000000; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#000000"><b><a href="/wiki/Goddidit" class="mw-redirect" title="Goddidit"><font color="white">The divine comedy</font></a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Creationism</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F2F2F2;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationism" title="Category:Creationism"><img alt="Icon creationism.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/100px-Icon_creationism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/150px-Icon_creationism.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/200px-Icon_creationism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#000000; text-align:center;"><b>Running gags</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Biblical</a> <a href="/wiki/Biblical_literalism" title="Biblical literalism">literalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Earth_creationism" title="Young Earth creationism">Young</a>/<a href="/wiki/Old_Earth_creationism" title="Old Earth creationism">Old Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_creationist_scientists" title="Lists of creationist scientists">Creation scientists</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#000000; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Evidence_against_a_recent_creation" title="Evidence against a recent creation"><font color="white">Jokes aside</font></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dendrochronology" title="Dendrochronology">Dendrochronology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Plate tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_evolution" title="Bird evolution">Bird evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Iron</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#000000; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationism" title="Category:Creationism"><font color="white">Blooper reel</font></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal" title="Answers Research Journal">Answers Research Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clergy_Letter_Project" title="Clergy Letter Project">Clergy Letter Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_Evolution!_-_CMI%27s_Rebuttals_to_General_Objections_to_the_15_Questions" title="Question Evolution! - CMI&#39;s Rebuttals to General Objections to the 15 Questions">Question Evolution! - CMI's Rebuttals to General Objections to the 15 Questions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowers_of_asexually-reproducing_plants" title="Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants">Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#000000; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Evolutionism" title="Evolutionism"><font color="white">Evolutionism</font></a> <font color="white">debunkers</font></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F2F2F2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fazale_Rana" title="Fazale Rana">Fazale Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hovind" title="Eric Hovind">Eric Hovind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Calvin_Beisner" title="E. Calvin Beisner">E. Calvin Beisner</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crenav" title="Template:Crenav">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crenav" title="Template talk:Crenav">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Crenav&amp;action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><i>Not to be confused with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/devolution" class="extiw" title="wp:devolution" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: devolution">political devolution,</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> which is not necessarily the same. Nor with those <a href="/wiki/Fun:Devo" title="Fun:Devo">odd chaps from Ohio</a>.</i></dd></dl> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>Been around the world and found<br />That only stupid people are breeding<br />The cretins cloning and feeding<br />And I don't even own a TV</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey_Danger" class="extiw" title="wp:Harvey Danger" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Harvey Danger">Harvey Danger</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://youtu.be/wYsMjEeEg4g,">Flagpole Sitta</a>"</cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>De-evolution</b> or <b>devolution</b> is a idea that a species is actually evolving "backward". <a href="/wiki/Biblical_literalism" title="Biblical literalism">Biblical literalists</a> often favor the concept: they like to view <a href="/wiki/Adam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam">Adam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eve" class="mw-redirect" title="Eve">Eve</a> as perfect beings who were <a href="/wiki/Creation" class="mw-redirect" title="Creation">created</a>, and hold that the subsequent human race has "devolved" from that perfection.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> De-evolution is sometimes formalized by the assertion that all (or most) <a href="/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation">mutations</a> <i>destroy</i> information, rather than <s>create</s> develop information. </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/Evangelist" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelist">evangelists</a> say that the perceived de-evolution of the world is <a href="/wiki/Proof" title="Proof">proof</a> that the <a href="/wiki/End_times" title="End times">end times</a> are near.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">&#91;2&#93;</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_predictions_of_the_end_of_the_world" title="List of predictions of the end of the world">Because of course they do.</a> </p><p><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki">Cynics</a> and misanthropes also use the term "devolution" to refer to the perceived increasing dominance of the stupid. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Applicability_to_evolution"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Applicability to evolution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Are_we_not_men.3F"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Are we not men?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Purported_examples"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Purported examples</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Cretinism.5Bsic.5D"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Cretinism<sup>[<span><i>sic</i></span>]</sup></span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#De-evolution_in_science_fiction"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">De-evolution in science fiction</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Vedic_creationism"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Vedic creationism</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Occultism"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Occultism</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Applicability_to_evolution">Applicability to evolution</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Applicability to evolution">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The term "devolution" is a misnomer in terms of <a href="/wiki/Biological" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological">biological</a> <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">natural selection</a>, as they do not have a definitive path in any direction, so there can't really be backward evolution. Although biological evolution is guided by natural selection, the selection process is not goal-oriented, but rather favors adaptation to the current local environment, which itself is subject to change and evolution. In this sense, evolution can be an <a href="/wiki/Unguided_evolution" title="Unguided evolution">unguided</a> process. As a result, the concept is usually a <a href="/wiki/Emotional_appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Emotional appeal">plea to emotional attachment</a> that <a href="/wiki/Humans" class="mw-redirect" title="Humans">humans</a> may have for their own perceived superiority. In the cold, reasoned light of <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a>, however, such a notion doesn't hold, and unguided evolution — neither forward nor backward — is the dominant theory. </p><p>If changes to a <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> were specifically controlled in a way that each change was reversed in order, it might be accurate to call the act "devolution",<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">&#91;note 1&#93;</a></sup> but this would require a perfect history of the organism's <a href="/wiki/Genetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic">genetic</a> makeup by each generation and a flawless means to control the changes. This would make for excellent research into genetics… were that knowledge not already necessary for such exotic manipulations. Even so, this is no more "un-evolving" something than flattening Play-Doh into a pancake and rolling it back into a ball is "un-pancaking". </p><p>The concept of devolution is similar to that of 'dysgenics', in which <a href="/wiki/Eugenicist" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugenicist">eugenicists</a> bemoaned the decline of humanity as the rabble were supposedly outbreeding the better stock. </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/Crank" title="Crank">silly</a> <a href="/wiki/John_D._Morris" class="mw-redirect" title="John D. Morris">creationists</a> contend that de-evolution has occurred and that everyone else is interpreting observational data wrong.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">&#91;3&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span id="Are_we_not_men?"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Are_we_not_men.3F">Are we not men?</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Are we not men?">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb embedvideo ev_right autoResize" style="width: 308px;"><div class="embedvideo autoResize" style=" width: 306px;"><div class="embedvideowrap" style="width: 300px;"><iframe title="Play video" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/hRguZr0xCOc?" width="300" height="169" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe></div></div></div> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span> <p>God made man<br /> but he used the monkey to do it<br /> Apes in the plan<br /> we're all here to prove it<br /> I can walk like an ape<br /> talk like an ape<br /> do what a monkey do<br /> God made man<br /> but a monkey supplied the glue. </p> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—Devo, "Jocko Homo"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">&#91;note 2&#93;</a></sup></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Forecastle_Devo.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Forecastle_Devo.jpg/300px-Forecastle_Devo.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Forecastle_Devo.jpg/450px-Forecastle_Devo.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Forecastle_Devo.jpg/600px-Forecastle_Devo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Forecastle_Devo.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>We are Devo!</div></div></div> <p>Some maintain the term was popularized by the band <a href="/wiki/Devo" class="mw-redirect" title="Devo">Devo</a> (the name itself is a reference to de-evolution) in their song <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocko_Homo" class="extiw" title="wp:Jocko Homo" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Jocko Homo">Jocko Homo</span></a>.<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> The band's singer Mark Mothersbaugh repeatedly asks "Are we not men?", to which the other band members reply "We are Devo!" </p><p>The term "jocko homo" originated in an <a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism">anti-evolutionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Tract" title="Tract">tract</a> from the 1920s by Bertram Henry Shadduck,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">&#91;5&#93;</a></sup> entitled <i>Jocko-Homo Heavenbound</i>, which refers to a "man ape" or "ape man" called Jocko homo.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">&#91;6&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both"></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Purported_examples">Purported examples</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Purported examples">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:167px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg/165px-Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="81" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg/248px-Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg/330px-Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="333" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexican_Tetra_as_Blind_Cave_Fish.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_tetra" class="extiw" title="wp:Mexican tetra" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Mexican tetra">Mexican tetra</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (<i>Astyanax mexicanus</i>), the blind cave form: evolved for the cave but not for the aquarium</div></div></div> <p>Consider a cave-living <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> that loses its power of sight because it is not needed in dark conditions where sight is useless anyway. Believers in de-evolution would cite this as a prime example of an ability that is lost, possibly forever, and devolution from the perfection of creation in action. However, considering the reality of evolution guided only by external environmental pressures, this interpretation makes little sense and the adaptation of sight being lost can be thought of more generally: looking at what survival <i>advantages</i> such an adaptation may allow. Sight is no longer necessary to this example fish, so the evolutionary process has no reason to preserve it — fish born without sight would be at no specific disadvantage compared to their sighted counterparts. In fact, the blind fish now has a <i>better</i> chance of survival and reproduction compared to its sighted colleagues, which waste energy on a very unnecessary function (in this environment) that exposes them to potential infection and injury. The blind fish has become better adapted to its <i>present</i> surroundings — it has not "devolved". </p><p>Similarly, those citing humanity's alleged loss of agility, sight, or overall fitness when compared to ancestors don't take into account the increased mental capabilities (shown by inflation of <a href="/wiki/IQ" title="IQ">IQ</a> over time, for instance) as time goes on, which allows for increases in <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> that prolong life and survivability better than standard physical capabilities would. In fact, there is a <a href="/wiki/Bias" class="mw-redirect" title="Bias">bias</a> held by many people that humanity will continue to "evolve" into a more intelligent being — but there is no biological reason for this to be so. If less intelligent people were favored by natural (or sexual) selection, or if they were more able to reproduce for some reason, then humanity would move in the direction of having less intelligence. </p> <h2><span id="Cretinism[sic]"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Cretinism.5Bsic.5D">Cretinism<small><sup>[<span title="short for: sic erat scriptum (&#39;thus was it written&#39;), meaning that it is intentionally spelled here like it was originally transcribed or translated from" style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><i>sic</i></span>]</sup></small></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Cretinism[sic]">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Creationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Creationist">creationist</a> circles, "de-evolution" is the strange concept that all "<a href="/wiki/Microevolution_and_macroevolution" title="Microevolution and macroevolution">microevolution</a>" is the corruption of the perfect creation, after the <a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">sin</a> of <a href="/wiki/Adam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam">Adam</a> brought about <a href="/wiki/The_Fall" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fall">mankind's fall from grace</a>. Presumably, "perfect" Adam and Eve weren't lactose-tolerant, and those populations who are now free of wisdom teeth or can breathe easily at higher altitudes are poor corrupted creatures.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="De-evolution_in_science_fiction">De-evolution in science fiction</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: De-evolution in science fiction">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The concept of de-evolution occasionally shows up in <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>. It usually happens when the heroes (usually humans) land on a distant <a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planet</a>. The planet is filled with sophisticated technology (often in the form of ruins), but the species who built this technology no longer has the intelligence to replicate it. The conclusion that the heroes reach is that the species which built the technology has "devolved" into a more stupid form.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">&#91;note 3&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>This shows a strongly anthropocentrically biased view of evolution. While it is possible that an intelligent species could, over the course of evolutionary time, become less intelligent, it would presumably be because (like the sightless cave fish) the energy they spent on building brains could be better spent on, say, improving their jaw strength, or resisting nuclear radiation, or what have you. This is not "de-evolution" — it is "evolution in a direction away from human ideals". (Then again, environment changes may make the replication of "sophisticated technology" redundant or impossible — modern <i>Homo sapiens</i> youngsters don't learn as much as Cro-Magnons might have about about flint knapping, and some descendants of the Lapita people migrated to places scarce in the source materials for manufacturing their pottery.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup>) </p><p>Sometimes, a show takes so-called devolution to a more literal (and stupid) level, such as in one episode of <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek"><i>Star Trek: The Next Generation</i></a> in which the crew experiences "devolution" that literally turns them into successively more primitive creatures in their species' evolutionary past (into more primitive primates, in Picard's case). The 2006 film <i><a href="/wiki/Idiocracy" title="Idiocracy">Idiocracy</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a> of how "lower-class" culture is venerated in society, has also been interpreted by <i>way</i> too many people as a cautionary tale of why <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">we shouldn't let certain people breed</a>. In the '80s cartoon <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaucers" class="extiw" title="wp:Dinosaucers" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Dinosaucers"><i>Dinosaucers</i></span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> protagonized by intelligent <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaurs</a>, the good guys had the ability of devolving at will into their dinosaur ancestors, albeit conserving their intelligence — though when used once against the bad guys, they ended having the intellect of actual dinosaurs instead. </p><p>Cyril M. Kornbluth's 1951 short story <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Marching_Morons" class="extiw" title="wp:The Marching Morons" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: The Marching Morons"><i>The Marching Morons</i></span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> about a future society divided between an intelligent elite and a massive number of idiots, was more explicit about the metaphor, albeit with the twist that the too-clever-by-half con-artist from the present day, who we're initially led to believe has a brilliant solution to the problems of <a href="/wiki/Overpopulation" title="Overpopulation">overpopulation</a> and human stupidity, is ultimately depicted as being just as stupid as the future morons. </p><p>The Morlocks and the Eloi in H.G. Wells' <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Time_Machine" class="extiw" title="wp:The Time Machine" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: The Time Machine">The Time Machine</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup></i> can be interpreted as examples of devolution. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Vedic_creationism">Vedic creationism</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Vedic creationism">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Hindu_creationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu creationism">Hindu creationism</a></div> <p>"Devolution" is a term used by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cremo" title="Michael Cremo">Michael Cremo</a> and his <a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">Krishna buddies</a> to describe their views on the origins on the human species. According to him/them, humanity has "devolved" from pure <a href="/wiki/Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit">spirit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Occultism">Occultism</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Occultism">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Helena P. Blavatsky, the founder of <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a>, rejected the idea that humanity had evolved from <a href="/wiki/Ape" class="mw-redirect" title="Ape">apes</a>, claiming the opposite was the case — apes had devolved from early humans due to "putting themselves on the animal level".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> Later figures such as <a href="/wiki/Julius_Evola" title="Julius Evola">Julius Evola</a> followed her view, calling it "involution".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darwinism" title="Darwinism">Darwinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degenerate" title="Degenerate">Degenerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionism" title="Evolutionism">Evolutionism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idiocracy" title="Idiocracy">Idiocracy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_evolution" title="Types of evolution">Types of evolution</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">But to be pedantic about it, the established word for the opposite of "evolution" in other uses of the word, such as in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, is "<b>in</b>volution". This makes sense in the light of etymology, for the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> preposition <i>e</i> means "out (of/from)", and <i>in</i> means "in(to)", while <i>de</i> means "down from".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This verse is a response and reference to the 1926 anti-evolution song by Uncle Dave Macon called "The Bible's True."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>God made the world<br /> <p>And ev'rything in it<br /> He made man perfect<br /> And the monkey wasn't in it!<br /> What you say, what you say<br /> </p> It’s bound to be that way!</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This is then used as a springboard to talk about the human race through the miracle of analogies.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=De-evolution&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Will Hoyt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.learnthebible.org/adaption-example-of-evolution-or-not.html">Adaption - Example of Evolution or Not?</a> learnthebible.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trinitystudiospicsblog.com/tag/de-evolution/">The End Is Near!!</a> trinitystudiospicsblog.com, 3 May 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Morris, in Daniel Biddle, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genesisapologetics.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/592/2018/09/DEBUNKING-EVOLUTION-WHAT-EVERY-CHRISTIAN-STUDENT-SHOULD-KNOW-updated-9-28-18.pdf">Debunking Evolution: What Every Christian Student Should Know</a>, p. 186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hangoutstorage.com/banjohangout.org/storage/attachments/archived/files/the-bible-is-true----384992632011.pdf">The Bible Is True</a> by Uncle Dave Macon (circa 1925).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bhshadduck.tripod.com/">Bertram Henry Shadduck biography</a>, bhshadduck.tripod.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">B. H. Shadduck, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bhshadduck.tripod.com/index/id10.html">Jocko Homo Heavenbound</a>, bhshadduck.tripod.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/recent-human-evolution-traits-2016-8#7-shrinking-brains-7">https://www.businessinsider.com/recent-human-evolution-traits-2016-8#7-shrinking-brains-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Disappearance_of_Useful_Arts">"The Disappearance of Useful Arts" by W. H. R. Rivers (1912).</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kornbluth, C. M. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/51233/51233-h/51233-h.htm">The Marching Morons</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Science &amp; Religion: A New Introduction, Alister E. McGrath, 2009, p. 140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Blavatsky, HP (1888), <i>The First Message to WQ Judge, General Secretary of the American Section of the Theosophical Society</i>, pp. 185–187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Metaphysics of Sex</i>, 1983, pp. 9-10.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="63px_Our_articles_related_to_evolution_57px-navigationbox" class="toccolours" style="clear:both; margin:0.5em 3.5%; text-align:center;"> <div style="margin:0.15em; padding:0.1em; background:#ccccff; font-weight:bold;"><span id="63px_Our_articles_related_to_evolution_57px-navigationbox"><a href="/wiki/File:Evonav-left.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Evonav-left.jpg" src="/w/images/thumb/6/67/Evonav-left.jpg/63px-Evonav-left.jpg" decoding="async" width="63" height="36" srcset="/w/images/thumb/6/67/Evonav-left.jpg/95px-Evonav-left.jpg 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/6/67/Evonav-left.jpg/126px-Evonav-left.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="216" /></a> &#160; Our articles related to <a href="/wiki/Category:Evolution" title="Category:Evolution">evolution</a> &#160; <a href="/wiki/File:Evonav-right.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Evonav-right.jpg" src="/w/images/thumb/0/0d/Evonav-right.jpg/57px-Evonav-right.jpg" decoding="async" width="57" height="36" srcset="/w/images/thumb/0/0d/Evonav-right.jpg/86px-Evonav-right.jpg 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/0/0d/Evonav-right.jpg/114px-Evonav-right.jpg 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> </div> <div class="hlist" style="font-size: 90%; margin: 0.15em 1.425em;">-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Phylogeny" title="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">Evolution</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">Natural&#160;selection</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Cladistics" title="Cladistics">Cladistics</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Acceptance_of_evolution" title="Acceptance of evolution">Acceptance</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/EvoWiki" title="EvoWiki">EvoWiki</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Theory_of_evolution" title="Theory of evolution">Theory&#160;of&#160;Evolution</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gould" title="Stephen Jay Gould">Stephen Jay Gould</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Signal_detection_theory" title="Signal detection theory">Signal&#160;detection&#160;theory</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Microevolution_and_macroevolution" title="Microevolution and macroevolution">Microevolution</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Fossil_record" title="Fossil record">Fossil&#160;record</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">Dinosaur</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Social_Darwinism" title="Social Darwinism">Social&#160;Darwinism</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">Human</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Niche" title="Niche">Niche</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Uncommon_Descent" title="Uncommon Descent">Uncommon&#160;Descent</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Common_descent" title="Common descent">Common&#160;descent:&#160;the&#160;incontrovertible&#160;evidence</a> &#160;-&#160; <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetics" title="Phylogenetics">Phylogenetics</a> &#160;-</div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="creationism-navbox" style="clear:both;"> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed autocollapse innercollapse outercollapse navbox nowraplinks" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="background:#000000; color:white; text-align:center;"><div style="float:left;" class="navbar"><div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crebox" title="Template:Crebox"><span style="color:white">v</span></a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crebox" title="Template talk:Crebox"><span style="color:white">t</span></a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Crebox&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:white">e</span></a></div></div><span style="color:white; font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationism" title="Category:Creationism"><span style="color:white">Articles</span></a> about <a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism"><span id="creationism-navbox" style="color:white">creationism</span></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background:#000000; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_creationism" title="Category:Types of creationism"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Types of creationism:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Gap_creationism" title="Gap creationism">Gap creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Day-age_creationism" title="Day-age creationism">Day-age creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Old_Earth_creationism" title="Old Earth creationism">Old Earth creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Progressive_creation" title="Progressive creation">Progressive creation</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_creationism" title="Hare Krishna creationism">Hare Krishna creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Young_Earth_creationism" title="Young Earth creationism">Young Earth creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background:#000000; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Evidence_against_a_recent_creation" title="Category:Evidence against a recent creation"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Evidence against a recent creation:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Creationism_and_social_history" title="Creationism and social history">Creationism and social history</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Geomagnetism" title="Geomagnetism">Geomagnetism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Petrified_forest" title="Petrified forest">Petrified forest</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Radiometric_dating" title="Radiometric dating">Radiometric dating</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Carbon_dating" title="Carbon dating">Carbon dating</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dendrochronology" title="Dendrochronology">Dendrochronology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Y-chromosomal_Adam" title="Y-chromosomal Adam">Y-chromosomal Adam</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve" title="Mitochondrial Eve">Mitochondrial Eve</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Starlight_problem" title="Starlight problem">Starlight problem</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Plate tectonics</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rotation_of_the_Earth" title="Rotation of the Earth">Rotation of the Earth</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_the_Moon" title="Atmosphere of the Moon">Atmosphere of the Moon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Biogeography" title="Biogeography">Biogeography</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/K-Pg_extinction_event" title="K-Pg extinction event">K-Pg extinction event</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Geologic_timeline" title="Geologic timeline">Geologic timeline</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">Fossil</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Transitional_fossil" title="Transitional fossil">Transitional fossil</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fossil_record" title="Fossil record">Fossil record</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lake_Agassiz" title="Lake Agassiz">Lake Agassiz</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/List_of_transitional_forms" title="List of transitional forms">List of transitional forms</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Recent_African_Origin_hypothesis" title="Recent African Origin hypothesis">Recent African Origin hypothesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Punctuated_equilibrium" title="Punctuated equilibrium">Punctuated equilibrium</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bird_evolution" title="Bird evolution">Bird evolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">Geology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">Evolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">Paleontology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Earth" title="History of the Earth">History of the Earth</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evidence_against_a_recent_creation" title="Evidence against a recent creation">Evidence against a recent creation</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Yellowstone" title="Yellowstone">Yellowstone</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">Diamond</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Iron</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Age_of_the_Earth" title="Age of the Earth">Age of the Earth</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationist_claims" title="Category:Creationist claims"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Creationist claims:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Geomagnetism" title="Geomagnetism">Geomagnetism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Do_you_want_to_be_descended_from_a_monkey%3F" title="Do you want to be descended from a monkey?">Do you want to be descended from a monkey?</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_religion" title="Evolution and religion">Evolution and religion</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_morality" title="Evolution and morality">Evolution and morality</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/C-decay" title="C-decay">C-decay</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Peanut_butter_argument" title="Peanut butter argument">Peanut butter argument</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design_and_academic_freedom" title="Intelligent design and academic freedom">Intelligent design and academic freedom</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Science_was_wrong_before" title="Science was wrong before">Science was wrong before</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Science_doesn%27t_know_everything" title="Science doesn&#39;t know everything">Science doesn't know everything</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Catastrophic_plate_tectonics" title="Catastrophic plate tectonics">Catastrophic plate tectonics</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hydroplate_theory" title="Hydroplate theory">Hydroplate theory</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lunar_bukkake_hypothesis" title="Lunar bukkake hypothesis">Lunar bukkake hypothesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Creationist_mathematics" title="Creationist mathematics">Creationist mathematics</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Biblical_literalism" title="Biblical literalism">Biblical literalism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bumblebee_argument" title="Bumblebee argument">Bumblebee argument</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Orchidaceae" title="Orchidaceae">Orchidaceae</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Irreducible_complexity" title="Irreducible complexity">Irreducible complexity</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Leap_second" title="Leap second">Leap second</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wedge_Strategy" title="Wedge Strategy">Wedge Strategy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah&#39;s Ark">Noah's Ark</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/101_evidences_for_a_young_age_of_the_Earth_and_the_universe" title="101 evidences for a young age of the Earth and the universe">101 evidences for a young age of the Earth and the universe</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark_sightings" title="Noah&#39;s Ark sightings">Noah's Ark sightings</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolution_conspiracy" title="Evolution conspiracy">Evolution conspiracy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Recession_of_the_Moon" title="Recession of the Moon">Recession of the Moon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rotation_of_the_Earth" title="Rotation of the Earth">Rotation of the Earth</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_the_Moon" title="Atmosphere of the Moon">Atmosphere of the Moon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lunar_dust" title="Lunar dust">Lunar dust</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lunar_radioactivity" title="Lunar radioactivity">Lunar radioactivity</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/White_hole_cosmology" title="White hole cosmology">White hole cosmology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Firmament" title="Firmament">Firmament</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolutionism" title="Evolutionism">Evolutionism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Haji_Yearam" title="Haji Yearam">Haji Yearam</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Galactocentricity" title="Galactocentricity">Galactocentricity</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hanzi_of_Genesis" title="Hanzi of Genesis">Hanzi of Genesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Historical_and_operational_science" title="Historical and operational science">Historical and operational science</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Proof_of_the_inconsistency_of_arithmetic" title="Proof of the inconsistency of arithmetic">Proof of the inconsistency of arithmetic</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/List_of_creationist_claims" title="List of creationist claims">List of creationist claims</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Global_flood" title="Global flood">Global flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Microevolution_and_macroevolution" title="Microevolution and macroevolution">Microevolution and macroevolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/In_the_Beginning:_Compelling_Evidence_for_Creation_and_the_Flood" title="In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood">In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Borel%27s_Law" title="Borel&#39;s Law">Borel's Law</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_denialism" title="Dinosaur denialism">Dinosaur denialism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Baraminology" title="Baraminology">Baraminology</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Global_flood" title="Category:Global flood"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Global flood:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Flood_geology" title="Flood geology">Flood geology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah&#39;s Ark">Noah's Ark</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lunar_bukkake_hypothesis" title="Lunar bukkake hypothesis">Lunar bukkake hypothesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fossil_sorting_by_the_global_flood" title="Fossil sorting by the global flood">Fossil sorting by the global flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hydroplate_theory" title="Hydroplate theory">Hydroplate theory</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Global_flood" title="Global flood">Global flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah_(film)" title="Noah (film)">Noah (film)</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh" title="Epic of Gilgamesh">Epic of Gilgamesh</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Didit_fallacy" title="Didit fallacy">Didit fallacy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fun:God%27s_Love" title="Fun:God&#39;s Love">God's Love</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark_sightings" title="Noah&#39;s Ark sightings">Noah's Ark sightings</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Haji_Yearam" title="Haji Yearam">Haji Yearam</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lake_Agassiz" title="Lake Agassiz">Lake Agassiz</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Parasites_during_the_global_flood" title="Parasites during the global flood">Parasites during the global flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Life_and_the_global_flood" title="Life and the global flood">Life and the global flood</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Global_flood_chronology" title="Global flood chronology">Global flood chronology</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Yellowstone" title="Yellowstone">Yellowstone</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Petrified_forest" title="Petrified forest">Petrified forest</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Baraminology" title="Baraminology">Baraminology</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background:#000000; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Intelligent_design_creationism" title="Category:Intelligent design creationism"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Intelligent design creationism:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Falsifiability_of_creationism" title="Falsifiability of creationism">Falsifiability of creationism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Irreducible_complexity" title="Irreducible complexity">Irreducible complexity</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cdesign_proponentsists" title="Cdesign proponentsists">Cdesign proponentsists</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design_and_academic_freedom" title="Intelligent design and academic freedom">Intelligent design and academic freedom</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Argument_from_design" title="Argument from design">Argument from design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Wonders_of_Creation_Reveal_God%27s_Glory" title="The Wonders of Creation Reveal God&#39;s Glory">The Wonders of Creation Reveal God's Glory</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Biological_Information:_New_Perspectives" title="Biological Information: New Perspectives">Biological Information: New Perspectives</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Seeking_God_in_Science:_An_Atheist_Defends_Intelligent_Design" title="Seeking God in Science: An Atheist Defends Intelligent Design">Seeking God in Science: An Atheist Defends Intelligent Design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_A._Davison" title="John A. Davison">John A. Davison</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Evolution_Under_the_Microscope:_A_Scientific_Critique_of_the_Theory_of_Evolution" title="Evolution Under the Microscope: A Scientific Critique of the Theory of Evolution">Evolution Under the Microscope: A Scientific Critique of the Theory of Evolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rethinking_Darwin:_A_Vedic_Study_of_Darwinism_and_Intelligent_Design" title="Rethinking Darwin: A Vedic Study of Darwinism and Intelligent Design">Rethinking Darwin: A Vedic Study of Darwinism and Intelligent Design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mind_and_Cosmos:_Why_the_Materialist_Neo-Darwinian_Conception_of_Nature_Is_Almost_Certainly_False" title="Mind and Cosmos: Why the Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False">Mind and Cosmos: Why the Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Providence_Lost:_A_Critique_of_Darwinism" title="Providence Lost: A Critique of Darwinism">Providence Lost: A Critique of Darwinism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Darwin_Myth:_The_Life_and_Lies_of_Charles_Darwin" title="The Darwin Myth: The Life and Lies of Charles Darwin">The Darwin Myth: The Life and Lies of Charles Darwin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Life%27s_Origin:_Reassessing_Current_Theories" title="The Mystery of Life&#39;s Origin: Reassessing Current Theories">The Mystery of Life's Origin: Reassessing Current Theories</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Origin_of_Human_Nature:_A_Zen_Buddhist_Looks_at_Evolution" title="The Origin of Human Nature: A Zen Buddhist Looks at Evolution">The Origin of Human Nature: A Zen Buddhist Looks at Evolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nagel" title="Thomas Nagel">Thomas Nagel</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Darwinism_Under_The_Microscope:_How_Recent_Scientific_Evidence_Points_To_Divine_Design" title="Darwinism Under The Microscope: How Recent Scientific Evidence Points To Divine Design">Darwinism Under The Microscope: How Recent Scientific Evidence Points To Divine Design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_End_of_Darwinism" title="The End of Darwinism">The End of Darwinism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ask_Darwinists" title="Ask Darwinists">Ask Darwinists</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Polonium_halos" title="Polonium halos">Polonium halos</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Explanatory_Filter" title="Explanatory Filter">Explanatory Filter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Flowers_of_asexually-reproducing_plants" title="Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants">Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eye" title="Eye">Eye</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Argument_from_fine_tuning" title="Argument from fine tuning">Argument from fine tuning</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Argument_from_beauty" title="Argument from beauty">Argument from beauty</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Argument_from_first_cause" title="Argument from first cause">Argument from first cause</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Flagellum" title="Flagellum">Flagellum</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Moody_Institute_of_Science" title="Moody Institute of Science">Moody Institute of Science</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Laryngeal_nerve" title="Laryngeal nerve">Laryngeal nerve</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Suboptimal_design" title="Suboptimal design">Suboptimal design</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Evolution:_A_Scientific_Critique_of_Neo-Darwinism" title="Adam and Evolution: A Scientific Critique of Neo-Darwinism">Adam and Evolution: A Scientific Critique of Neo-Darwinism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Expelled:_Leader%27s_Guide" title="Expelled: Leader&#39;s Guide">Expelled: Leader's Guide</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Banana_argument" title="Banana argument">Banana argument</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Vault-Co" title="Vault-Co">Vault-Co</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Intelligent_alternatives" title="Category:Intelligent alternatives"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">"Intelligent" alternatives:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Intelligent_falling" title="Intelligent falling">Intelligent falling</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Scientific_storkism" title="Scientific storkism">Scientific storkism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pastafarianism" title="Pastafarianism">Pastafarianism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fun:Scientific_Geoterrapinism" title="Fun:Scientific Geoterrapinism">Scientific Geoterrapinism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fun:Wedgie_strategy" title="Fun:Wedgie strategy">Wedgie strategy</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Teach_the_controversy" title="Category:Teach the controversy"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Teach the controversy:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Santorum_Amendment" title="Santorum Amendment">Santorum Amendment</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Missouri_House_Bill_1227" title="Missouri House Bill 1227">Missouri House Bill 1227</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Indiana_Senate_Bill_89" title="Indiana Senate Bill 89">Indiana Senate Bill 89</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kitzmiller_v._Dover_Area_School_District" title="Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District">Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Academic_Freedom_Act" title="Academic Freedom Act">Academic Freedom Act</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Academic_Freedom_Act" title="Louisiana Academic Freedom Act">Louisiana Academic Freedom Act</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Tennessee_monkey_bill" title="Tennessee monkey bill">Tennessee monkey bill</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Edwards_v._Aguillard" title="Edwards v. Aguillard">Edwards v. Aguillard</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_Law_Center" title="Thomas More Law Center">Thomas More Law Center</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/School_vouchers" title="School vouchers">School vouchers</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eugenie_Scott" title="Eugenie Scott">Eugenie Scott</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Teach_the_controversy" title="Teach the controversy">Teach the controversy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Truth_in_Science" title="Truth in Science">Truth in Science</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/McLean_v._Arkansas_Board_of_Education" title="McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education">McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background:#000000; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationists" title="Category:Creationists"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Creationists:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ben_Stein" title="Ben Stein">Ben Stein</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Barry_Setterfield" title="Barry Setterfield">Barry Setterfield</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sarfati" title="Jonathan Sarfati">Jonathan Sarfati</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ray_Comfort" title="Ray Comfort">Ray Comfort</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/B.H._Shadduck" title="B.H. Shadduck">B.H. Shadduck</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kirk_Cameron" title="Kirk Cameron">Kirk Cameron</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Harun_Yahya" title="Harun Yahya">Harun Yahya</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wendy_Wright" title="Wendy Wright">Wendy Wright</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieland" title="Carl Wieland">Carl Wieland</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Ankerberg" title="John Ankerberg">John Ankerberg</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jack_Cuozzo" title="Jack Cuozzo">Jack Cuozzo</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">William Jennings Bryan</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Russ_Miller" title="Russ Miller">Russ Miller</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lee_Strobel" title="Lee Strobel">Lee Strobel</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Brother_Stair" title="Brother Stair">Brother Stair</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Paul_Nelson" title="Paul Nelson">Paul Nelson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Nienhuis" title="James Nienhuis">James Nienhuis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Art_Robinson" title="Art Robinson">Art Robinson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alan_O%27Reilly" title="Alan O&#39;Reilly">Alan O'Reilly</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/PPSIMMONS" title="PPSIMMONS">PPSIMMONS</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hank_Hanegraaff" title="Hank Hanegraaff">Hank Hanegraaff</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Wagner" title="Charlie Wagner">Charlie Wagner</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Rush Limbaugh</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Roy_Spencer" title="Roy Spencer">Roy Spencer</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Grover_Norquist" title="Grover Norquist">Grover Norquist</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Ann Coulter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Christopher_Booker" title="Christopher Booker">Christopher Booker</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andrea_Minichiello_Williams" title="Andrea Minichiello Williams">Andrea Minichiello Williams</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Tom_Bethell" title="Tom Bethell">Tom Bethell</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry" title="Rick Perry">Rick Perry</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bradley_Monton" title="Bradley Monton">Bradley Monton</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Christopher_Langan" title="Christopher Langan">Christopher Langan</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Aimee_Semple_McPherson" title="Aimee Semple McPherson">Aimee Semple McPherson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Richard_Kent" title="Richard Kent">Richard Kent</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ljiljana_%C4%8Coli%C4%87" title="Ljiljana Čolić">Ljiljana Čolić</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Abuz_Zubair" title="Abuz Zubair">Abuz Zubair</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Scott_Huse" title="Scott Huse">Scott Huse</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Barry_Arrington" title="Barry Arrington">Barry Arrington</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Grant_Jeffrey" title="Grant Jeffrey">Grant Jeffrey</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Janet_Porter" title="Janet Porter">Janet Porter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alan_Clifford" title="Alan Clifford">Alan Clifford</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kurt_Wise" title="Kurt Wise">Kurt Wise</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKilliam" title="Kenneth McKilliam">Kenneth McKilliam</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bradlee_Dean" title="Bradlee Dean">Bradlee Dean</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hugh_Ross" title="Hugh Ross">Hugh Ross</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Simmons" title="Geoffrey Simmons">Geoffrey Simmons</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Le_Fanu" title="James Le Fanu">James Le Fanu</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Norman_Nevin" title="Norman Nevin">Norman Nevin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Shaun_Johnston" title="Shaun Johnston">Shaun Johnston</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Issac_Bourne" title="Issac Bourne">Issac Bourne</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_C._Sanford" title="John C. Sanford">John C. Sanford</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fazale_Rana" title="Fazale Rana">Fazale Rana</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Wiker" title="Benjamin Wiker">Benjamin Wiker</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hugh_Dower" title="Hugh Dower">Hugh Dower</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lee_Spetner" title="Lee Spetner">Lee Spetner</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mark_Ludwig" title="Mark Ludwig">Mark Ludwig</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alan_Hayward" title="Alan Hayward">Alan Hayward</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Werner_Gitt" title="Werner Gitt">Werner Gitt</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_Fix" title="William Fix">William Fix</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Maciej_Giertych" title="Maciej Giertych">Maciej Giertych</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_C._Landon" title="John C. Landon">John C. Landon</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Barbara_Cargill" title="Barbara Cargill">Barbara Cargill</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Philip_Snow" title="Philip Snow">Philip Snow</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ken_Jopp" title="Ken Jopp">Ken Jopp</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Frank_Tipler" title="Frank Tipler">Frank Tipler</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Richard_William_Nelson" title="Richard William Nelson">Richard William Nelson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Todd_Friel" title="Todd Friel">Todd Friel</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bob_Sorensen" title="Bob Sorensen">Bob Sorensen</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eugene_Windchy" title="Eugene Windchy">Eugene Windchy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Berit_Kjos" title="Berit Kjos">Berit Kjos</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Glenn Beck</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Robert_McLuhan" title="Robert McLuhan">Robert McLuhan</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/George_C._Deutsch" title="George C. Deutsch">George C. Deutsch</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ross_McKitrick" title="Ross McKitrick">Ross McKitrick</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Daniel_Neiman" title="Daniel Neiman">Daniel Neiman</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyatt" title="Ron Wyatt">Ron Wyatt</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Desmond_Paul_Allen" title="Desmond Paul Allen">Desmond Paul Allen</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jay_Wile" title="Jay Wile">Jay Wile</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jack_Chick" title="Jack Chick">Jack Chick</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ian_Juby" title="Ian Juby">Ian Juby</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Anthony_Peake" title="Anthony Peake">Anthony Peake</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Tim_Ball" title="Tim Ball">Tim Ball</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sheik_Feiz_Muhammad" title="Sheik Feiz Muhammad">Sheik Feiz Muhammad</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/J._P._Holding" title="J. P. Holding">J. P. Holding</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Michael_Cremo" title="Michael Cremo">Michael Cremo</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Chuck_Norris" title="Chuck Norris">Chuck Norris</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steve_Milloy" title="Steve Milloy">Steve Milloy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Rick Santorum</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Christine_O%27Donnell" title="Christine O&#39;Donnell">Christine O'Donnell</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Larry_Craig" title="Larry Craig">Larry Craig</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mike_Bara" title="Mike Bara">Mike Bara</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Hawkins" title="John Hawkins">John Hawkins</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Chris_Carter" title="Chris Carter">Chris Carter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Bobby Jindal</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Ussher" title="James Ussher">James Ussher</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Larry_Pratt" title="Larry Pratt">Larry Pratt</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dutko" title="Bob Dutko">Bob Dutko</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steve_Fuller" title="Steve Fuller">Steve Fuller</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Denyse_O%27Leary" title="Denyse O&#39;Leary">Denyse O'Leary</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Babu_G._Ranganathan" title="Babu G. Ranganathan">Babu G. Ranganathan</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ben_Hobrink" title="Ben Hobrink">Ben Hobrink</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Carl_Baugh" title="Carl Baugh">Carl Baugh</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Humans_Are_Free" title="Humans Are Free">Humans Are Free</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_Bruner" title="Mary Lou Bruner">Mary Lou Bruner</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Educate-yourself.org" title="Educate-yourself.org">Educate-yourself.org</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Andrew Schlafly</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/VenomFangX" title="VenomFangX">VenomFangX</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Todd_Akin" title="Todd Akin">Todd Akin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Paul_Broun" title="Paul Broun">Paul Broun</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Manning" title="James Manning">James Manning</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Shockofgod" title="Shockofgod">Shockofgod</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sye_Ten_Bruggencate" title="Sye Ten Bruggencate">Sye Ten Bruggencate</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Brad_Stine" title="Brad Stine">Brad Stine</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pat_Toomey" title="Pat Toomey">Pat Toomey</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Josh_Axe" title="Josh Axe">Josh Axe</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson" title="Ben Carson">Ben Carson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_Dembski" title="William Dembski">William Dembski</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Presents_Of_God_Ministry" title="Presents Of God Ministry">Presents Of God Ministry</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Whale.to" title="Whale.to">Whale.to</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Otto" title="Jonathan Otto">Jonathan Otto</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Becky_Fischer" title="Becky Fischer">Becky Fischer</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Roy_Moore" title="Roy Moore">Roy Moore</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/David_Wilcock" title="David Wilcock">David Wilcock</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell_Sr." title="Jerry Falwell Sr.">Jerry Falwell Sr.</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mark_Dice" title="Mark Dice">Mark Dice</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sam_Brownback" title="Sam Brownback">Sam Brownback</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Don_McLeroy" title="Don McLeroy">Don McLeroy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann" title="Michele Bachmann">Michele Bachmann</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Pat Robertson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Hagee" title="John Hagee">John Hagee</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mary_Fallin" title="Mary Fallin">Mary Fallin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Vigilant_Christian" title="The Vigilant Christian">The Vigilant Christian</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Betsy_DeVos" title="Betsy DeVos">Betsy DeVos</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/WND" title="WND">WND</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Farah" title="Joseph Farah">Joseph Farah</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Media_Research_Center" title="Media Research Center">Media Research Center</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Beale" title="Theodore Beale">Theodore Beale</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_American_Loons" title="Encyclopedia of American Loons">Encyclopedia of American Loons</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Got_Questions" title="Got Questions">Got Questions</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/R._L._Wysong" title="R. L. Wysong">R. L. Wysong</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/ProphecyFilm.com" title="ProphecyFilm.com">ProphecyFilm.com</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kent_Hovind" title="Kent Hovind">Kent Hovind</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steven_Anderson" title="Steven Anderson">Steven Anderson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Dennis Prager</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bernard_d%27Abrera" title="Bernard d&#39;Abrera">Bernard d'Abrera</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Tawhidi" title="Mohammad Tawhidi">Mohammad Tawhidi</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/CJ_Pearson" title="CJ Pearson">CJ Pearson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Christian_Apologetics_and_Research_Ministry" title="Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry">Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eric_Hovind" title="Eric Hovind">Eric Hovind</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Van_Til" title="Cornelius Van Til">Cornelius Van Til</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Frank_Turek" title="Frank Turek">Frank Turek</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Sarah Palin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_Lane_Craig" title="William Lane Craig">William Lane Craig</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones_(slovensky)" title="Alex Jones (slovensky)">Alex Jones (slovensky)</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Charlie Kirk</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Owen_Benjamin" title="Owen Benjamin">Owen Benjamin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steven_Crowder" title="Steven Crowder">Steven Crowder</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rick_Warren" title="Rick Warren">Rick Warren</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell_Jr." title="Jerry Falwell Jr.">Jerry Falwell Jr.</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ted_Holden" title="Ted Holden">Ted Holden</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Alex Jones</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/E._Calvin_Beisner" title="E. Calvin Beisner">E. Calvin Beisner</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kate_Tieje" title="Kate Tieje">Kate Tieje</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Michael_Denton" title="Michael Denton">Michael Denton</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/New_Independent_Fundamentalist_Baptist_Movement" title="New Independent Fundamentalist Baptist Movement">New Independent Fundamentalist Baptist Movement</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mark_Cahill" title="Mark Cahill">Mark Cahill</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jim_Inhofe" title="Jim Inhofe">Jim Inhofe</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Gary_Birdsong" title="Gary Birdsong">Gary Birdsong</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/R._J._Rushdoony" title="R. J. Rushdoony">R. J. 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Jones</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lew_Rockwell" title="Lew Rockwell">Lew Rockwell</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Tom_Tancredo" title="Tom Tancredo">Tom Tancredo</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Kasich" title="John Kasich">John Kasich</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Gary_North" title="Gary North">Gary North</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/E._W._Jackson" title="E. W. Jackson">E. W. Jackson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Stitt" title="Kevin Stitt">Kevin Stitt</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steve_Turley" title="Steve Turley">Steve Turley</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Zachary_K._Hubbard" title="Zachary K. Hubbard">Zachary K. Hubbard</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Conservapedia" title="Conservapedia">Conservapedia</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association" title="National Rifle Association">National Rifle Association</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Butch_Hartman" title="Butch Hartman">Butch Hartman</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Joshua_Feuerstein" title="Joshua Feuerstein">Joshua Feuerstein</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rufo" title="Christopher Rufo">Christopher Rufo</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Peter_Sweden" title="Peter Sweden">Peter Sweden</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga" title="Alvin Plantinga">Alvin Plantinga</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Tucker Carlson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Mission:_America" title="Mission: America">Mission: America</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Thinker</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Brandon_Tatum" title="Brandon Tatum">Brandon Tatum</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Nick_Fuentes" title="Nick Fuentes">Nick Fuentes</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Fundie_schools" title="Category:Fundie schools"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Fundie schools:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_University" title="Brigham Young University">Brigham Young University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bryan_College" title="Bryan College">Bryan College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cedarville_University" title="Cedarville University">Cedarville University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry_College" title="Patrick Henry College">Patrick Henry College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Patriot_Bible_University" title="Patriot Bible University">Patriot Bible University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fundie_school" title="Fundie school">Fundie school</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/The_Master%27s_University" title="The Master&#39;s University">The Master's University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Boston_Baptist_College" title="Boston Baptist College">Boston Baptist College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Christian_College" title="San Diego Christian College">San Diego Christian College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pacific_University" title="Columbia Pacific University">Columbia Pacific University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Transnational_Association_of_Christian_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools">Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cornerstone_University" title="Cornerstone University">Cornerstone University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pensacola_Christian_College" title="Pensacola Christian College">Pensacola Christian College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bob_Jones_University" title="Bob Jones University">Bob Jones University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hyles-Anderson_College" title="Hyles-Anderson College">Hyles-Anderson College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Los_Angeles" title="University of South Los Angeles">University of South Los Angeles</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Theological_Seminary" title="Cambridge Theological Seminary">Cambridge Theological Seminary</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Haven_University" title="Haven University">Haven University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Baptist_University_and_Seminary" title="Louisiana Baptist University and Seminary">Louisiana Baptist University and Seminary</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/New_Eden_School_of_Natural_Health" title="New Eden School of Natural Health">New Eden School of Natural Health</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Georgia_Central_University" title="Georgia Central University">Georgia Central University</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andersonville_Theological_Seminary" title="Andersonville Theological Seminary">Andersonville Theological Seminary</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Baptist_College" title="Ambassador Baptist College">Ambassador Baptist College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hillsdale_College" title="Hillsdale College">Hillsdale College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Illegal_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Illegal schools in the United Kingdom">Illegal schools in the United Kingdom</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Discovery_Institute" title="Category:Discovery Institute"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Discovery Institute:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Teach_the_controversy" title="Teach the controversy">Teach the controversy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Of_Pandas_and_People" title="Of Pandas and People">Of Pandas and People</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wedge_Strategy" title="Wedge Strategy">Wedge Strategy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Text_of_The_Wedge_Strategy" title="Text of The Wedge Strategy">Text of The Wedge Strategy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Explore_Evolution" title="Explore Evolution">Explore Evolution</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/David_Berlinski" title="David Berlinski">David Berlinski</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Biologic_Institute" title="Biologic Institute">Biologic Institute</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Wells" title="Jonathan Wells">Jonathan Wells</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Expelled:_No_Intelligence_Allowed" title="Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed">Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Michael_Egnor" title="Michael Egnor">Michael Egnor</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Douglas_Axe" title="Douglas Axe">Douglas Axe</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Academic_Freedom_Day" title="Academic Freedom Day">Academic Freedom Day</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Casey_Luskin" title="Casey Luskin">Casey Luskin</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/What_is_intelligent_design%3F" title="What is intelligent design?">What is intelligent design?</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Behe:_The_Edge_of_Evolution,_Interview" title="Behe: The Edge of Evolution, Interview">Behe: The Edge of Evolution, Interview</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Science_and_Human_Origins" title="Science and Human Origins">Science and Human Origins</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fun:Wedgie_strategy" title="Fun:Wedgie strategy">Wedgie strategy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Project_Steve" title="Project Steve">Project Steve</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/BIO-Complexity" title="BIO-Complexity">BIO-Complexity</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Texas_Board_of_Education" title="Texas Board of Education">Texas Board of Education</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Richard_Weikart" title="Richard Weikart">Richard Weikart</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kitzmiller_v._Dover_Area_School_District" title="Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District">Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Human_exceptionalism" title="Human exceptionalism">Human exceptionalism</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Darwin%27s_Predictions" title="Darwin&#39;s Predictions">Darwin's Predictions</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Stephen_Meyer" title="Stephen Meyer">Stephen Meyer</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Howard_Ahmanson" title="Howard Ahmanson">Howard Ahmanson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Melvin_Mulder" title="Melvin Mulder">Melvin Mulder</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_creationist_scientists" title="Lists of creationist scientists">Lists of creationist scientists</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Discovery_Institute" title="Discovery Institute">Discovery Institute</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Complex_Specified_Information" title="Complex Specified Information">Complex Specified Information</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Michael_Behe" title="Michael Behe">Michael Behe</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Phillip_Johnson" title="Phillip Johnson">Phillip Johnson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Joel_Brind" title="Joel Brind">Joel Brind</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Non-materialist_neuroscience" title="Non-materialist neuroscience">Non-materialist neuroscience</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Academic_Freedom_Act" title="Academic Freedom Act">Academic Freedom Act</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Answers_in_Genesis" title="Category:Answers in Genesis"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Answers in Genesis:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_in_Genesis_Dawkins_interview_controversy" title="Answers in Genesis Dawkins interview controversy">Answers in Genesis Dawkins interview controversy</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bodie_Hodge" title="Bodie Hodge">Bodie Hodge</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Snelling" title="Andrew Snelling">Andrew Snelling</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Affirmations_and_Denials_Essential_to_a_Consistent_Christian_(Biblical)_Worldview" title="Affirmations and Denials Essential to a Consistent Christian (Biblical) Worldview">Affirmations and Denials Essential to a Consistent Christian (Biblical) Worldview</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_in_Genesis/Creation_Ministries_International%27s_Statement_of_Faith" title="Answers in Genesis/Creation Ministries International&#39;s Statement of Faith">Answers in Genesis/Creation Ministries International's Statement of Faith</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hanzi_of_Genesis" title="Hanzi of Genesis">Hanzi of Genesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Atheists_Outline_Their_Global_Religious_Agenda" title="Atheists Outline Their Global Religious Agenda">Atheists Outline Their Global Religious Agenda</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/12_Arguments_Evolutionists_Should_Avoid" title="12 Arguments Evolutionists Should Avoid">12 Arguments Evolutionists Should Avoid</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Creation_Ministries_International" title="Creation Ministries International">Creation Ministries International</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_creationist_scientists" title="Lists of creationist scientists">Lists of creationist scientists</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal" title="Answers Research Journal">Answers Research Journal</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ark_Encounter" title="Ark Encounter">Ark Encounter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jason_Lisle" title="Jason Lisle">Jason Lisle</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_in_Genesis" title="Answers in Genesis">Answers in Genesis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ken_Ham" title="Ken Ham">Ken Ham</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Creation_Museum" title="Creation Museum">Creation Museum</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Buddy_Davis" title="Buddy Davis">Buddy Davis</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bill_Nye_debates_Ken_Ham" title="Bill Nye debates Ken Ham">Bill Nye debates Ken Ham</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ham_Hightail" title="Ham Hightail">Ham Hightail</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cedarville_University" title="Cedarville University">Cedarville University</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:0%;">&#160; </td> <td style="width:0%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="1" style="background:#000000; width:10%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Answers_Research_Journal" title="Category:Answers Research Journal"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Answers Research Journal:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_2" title="Answers Research Journal volume 2">Answers Research Journal volume 2</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_3" title="Answers Research Journal volume 3">Answers Research Journal volume 3</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_5" title="Answers Research Journal volume 5">Answers Research Journal volume 5</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_1" title="Answers Research Journal volume 1">Answers Research Journal volume 1</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_6" title="Answers Research Journal volume 6">Answers Research Journal volume 6</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_4" title="Answers Research Journal volume 4">Answers Research Journal volume 4</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal" title="Answers Research Journal">Answers Research Journal</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_7" title="Answers Research Journal volume 7">Answers Research Journal volume 7</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_8" title="Answers Research Journal volume 8">Answers Research Journal volume 8</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_9" title="Answers Research Journal volume 9">Answers Research Journal volume 9</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_10" title="Answers Research Journal volume 10">Answers Research Journal volume 10</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_11" title="Answers Research Journal volume 11">Answers Research Journal volume 11</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_12" title="Answers Research Journal volume 12">Answers Research Journal volume 12</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_13" title="Answers Research Journal volume 13">Answers Research Journal volume 13</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_volume_14" title="Answers Research Journal volume 14">Answers Research Journal volume 14</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal_Volume_15" title="Answers Research Journal Volume 15">Answers Research Journal Volume 15</a>&#160;• </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#000000; width:15%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Institute_for_Creation_Research" title="Category:Institute for Creation Research"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Institute for Creation Research:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2;">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Jeanson" title="Nathaniel Jeanson">Nathaniel Jeanson</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Tomkins" title="Jeffrey Tomkins">Jeffrey Tomkins</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Ford" title="Lawrence Ford">Lawrence Ford</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Henry_Morris" title="Henry Morris">Henry Morris</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Brian_Thomas" title="Brian Thomas">Brian Thomas</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Duane_Gish" title="Duane Gish">Duane Gish</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/RATE" title="RATE">RATE</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Your_Origins_Matter" title="Your Origins Matter">Your Origins Matter</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Morris" title="John Morris">John Morris</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bergman" title="Jerry Bergman">Jerry Bergman</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Christian_College" title="San Diego Christian College">San Diego Christian College</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Timothy_LaHaye" title="Timothy LaHaye">Timothy LaHaye</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Russell_Humphreys" title="Russell Humphreys">Russell Humphreys</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_creationist_scientists" title="Lists of creationist scientists">Lists of creationist scientists</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Transnational_Association_of_Christian_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools">Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Snelling" title="Andrew Snelling">Andrew Snelling</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omega_Institute" title="Alpha Omega Institute">Alpha Omega Institute</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jason_Lisle" title="Jason Lisle">Jason Lisle</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Creation_Research" title="Institute for Creation Research">Institute for Creation Research</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Danny_Faulkner" title="Danny Faulkner">Danny Faulkner</a>&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/David_DeWitt" title="David DeWitt">David DeWitt</a>&#160;• </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by apache5 Cached time: 20250301043456 Cache expiry: 86400 Dynamic content: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.499 seconds Real time usage: 1.276 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2592/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 113735/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8551/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/40 Expensive parser function count: 0/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7665/5000000 bytes --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 312.370 1 -total 50.69% 158.337 1 Template:Crebox 50.12% 156.562 1 Template:Navbox 19.30% 60.276 1 Template:Evonav 19.22% 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